Super N-phase switching mode power supply转让专利
申请号 : US13731764
文献号 : US09871448B2
文献日 : 2018-01-16
发明人 : Ming Yan
申请人 : NVIDIA Corporation
摘要 :
权利要求 :
The invention claimed is:
说明书 :
A typical multi-phase power supply system is configured to control multiple power channels. More specifically, a power supply controller would be configured to generate multiple control signals or phases. Each of the control signals is assignable and configured to control a corresponding power channel. That is, one control signal would control one power channel. As such, the traditional application of a pure N-phase switching mode power supply controller uses “N” MOSFET drivers to control “N” power channels.
In the traditional switching mode power supply configuration, a multi-phase power controller is designed to generate multiple control signals. Each additional control signal requires additional circuitry used to provide the appropriate control signal for supplying power. For instance, a pulse width modulator (PWM) circuit is required to provide a PWM control signal to manipulate the switching of the control signal.
As power circuits increasingly are tasked to deliver higher power, and to provided increased power control over a broader range of power delivered, this requires additional power channels that are controlled by the same power controller. Under the traditional multi-phase power supply configuration, this would require additional circuitry to generate additional power control signals in order to control the additional power channels.
However, the cost for including additional circuitry, such as PWM circuits, may be too high. For instance, the additional circuitry would require additional space on an integrated circuit when the goal is to reduce the size of the IC chip. Also, additional components included in the added circuitry will have characteristics that are not repeatable from component to component. As such, the control signals generated may be different characteristics, such as, response times. Such differences will detrimentally affect the load currents, or power supplied to the load.
Accordingly, it is desired to have a power controller that is capable of controlling an increased number of power channels without a corresponding increase in the number of components required to generate control signals controlling the power channels.
A super N-phase power supply system is disclosed. The power system includes a power supply controller for supplying a control signal. The power system also includes a plurality of MOSFET drivers controlled by the control signal. The power system also includes a plurality of power channels. Each of the power channels includes a plurality of MOSFETs that is controlled by a corresponding MOSFET driver. The plurality of power channels is configured to generate a plurality of power signals, wherein the control signal controls delivery of the plurality of power signals through each of the power channels.
In another embodiment, another super N-phase power supply system is disclosed. The power system includes a multi-phase power supply controller for supplying a plurality of control signals. The power system also includes one or more pluralities of MOSFET drivers, such as, a first plurality of MOSFET drivers, a second plurality of MOSFET drivers, etc. Each of the plurality of MOSFET drivers is controlled by a corresponding control signal, such that a control signal controls MOSFET drivers of a corresponding plurality. The power system also includes one or more pluralities of power channels, wherein the pluralities of power channels comprises one or more pluralities of MOSFETs. That is, each plurality of power channels includes a corresponding pluralities of MOSFETs. Further, each plurality of MOSFETs is driven by a corresponding MOSFET driver, and wherein each plurality of power channels generates a corresponding plurality of power signals. As a result, each of the power channels includes a plurality of MOSFETs that is controlled by a corresponding MOSFET driver.
In another embodiment, a method for supplying power through a super N-phase switching mode power supply is disclosed. The method includes providing a control signal from a power supply controller. The method also includes controlling a plurality of MOSFET drivers using the control signal. The method also includes providing a plurality of power channels, wherein each power channel comprises a plurality of MOSFETs. The method also includes controlling a plurality of MOSFETs of a corresponding power channel by a corresponding MOSFET driver. The method also includes generating a plurality of power signals with the plurality of power channels.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification and in which like numerals depict like elements, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Reference will now be made in detail to the various embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. While described in conjunction with these embodiments, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the disclosure to these embodiments. On the contrary, the disclosure is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be understood that the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the present disclosure.
Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure provide for super N-phase switching mode power supply controller for generating “N” control signals, wherein a single control signal is configured to control “M” MOSFET drivers and their corresponding power channels.
As shown in
System 100A also includes a plurality of power channels. For instance, the plurality includes M power supply channels (e.g., power supply channel 121, power supply channel 123, on up to the Mth power supply channel 125). Each of the power channels includes a plurality of MOSFETs that collectively provide a power signal at the output of the corresponding power channel. For instance, power supply channel 121 is configured to generate a power signal 131 from a corresponding plurality of MOSFETs, power supply channel 123 is configured to generate a power signal 133 from a corresponding plurality of MOSFETs, and the Mth power supply channel 125 is configured to generate a power signal 135 from corresponding plurality of MOSFETs.
As shown in
More specifically, the single control signal 129 is coupled to a plurality of MOSFET drivers (not shown). That is, the control signal is routed to the plurality of MOSFET drivers to provide a boosted control signal to plurality of power channels in order to make the MOSFETs in the power channels more responsive. In particular, for each of the power channels 121, 122, . . . and 125, a corresponding MOSFET driver is configured to receive control signal 129 (e.g., phase-1 control signal). In one embodiment, the MOSFET driver is integrated within the corresponding power supply channel. In another embodiment, the MOSFET driver is integrated within the switching mode power supply controller 110.
The MOSFET driver outputs a signal that is used to drive the plurality of MOSFETs in the corresponding power channel. In particular, the MOSFET driver is configured to pre-charge the gate voltage of MOSFETs in the power channel to an appropriate level for each of the plurality of MOSFETs. Specifically, the MOSFET driver charges up the capacitance between the gate and other terminals of a corresponding MOSFET in order to bring the gate voltage up to its operating level (e.g., 10 Volts). This beneficially shortens the turn-on time or switching time of the MOSFETs of a corresponding power channel, or in other words, makes each of the plurality of MOSFETs faster. This in turn makes the power supply more responsive.
In one embodiment, each of the plurality of MOSFET drivers have the same characteristics. For instance, each of the MOSFET drivers have the same duty cycle characteristic. Further, because the MOSFET drivers exhibit the same characteristics, they operate synchronously with the other MOSFET drivers, when controlled by a corresponding control signal. In that manner, when a variable duty cycle PWM control signal is applied simultaneously to a plurality of power channels, because the MOSFET drivers exhibit the same characteristics, the control signal is presented synchronously to each of the plurality of power channels.
In one embodiment, the power supply 100A includes a feedback circuit 140 that is coupled to each of the plurality of power channels 121, 123, . . . 125. The feedback circuit 140 is configured to measure current and voltage information from each of the power supply channels 121, 123, . . . 125. More specifically, the feedback circuit 140 measures current and voltage information from the plurality of power signals outputted from the plurality of power supply channels 121, 123, . . . , 125. For instance, feedback circuit 140 is configured to receive power signal 131 from power supply channel 121, power signal 133 from power supply channel 123, on up to power signal 135 from power supply channel 125.
In one embodiment, feedback circuit 140 is configured to receive and determine current, voltage and power information from each of the power channels 121, 123, . . . 125. Additional information is determined from the current, voltage, and power information obtained from each of the power channels 121, 123, . . . 125. For instance, the current, voltage, and power information is summed or totaled across all of the power channels 121, 123, . . . 125, in one embodiment. In another embodiment, the current, voltage and power information is averaged across all of the power channels 121, 123, . . . 125. The current, voltage, and power information associated with each of the power supply channels, and for the power channels in combination is collected and forwarded in the form of a feedback signal 1145 to the input port 115 of the switching mode power supply controller 110.
In one embodiment, an enable/disable circuit or signal is coupled to each of the plurality of power channels. In particular, the enable/disable functionality provided by the circuit and/or signal activates or deactivates a corresponding power channel. In that manner, the number of power channels controlled by a single control signal is configurable. In one embodiment, the one or more enable/disable circuits is configured to disable all but one of the power channels. In that manner, at least one power channel is active for control by the control signal. In another embodiment, the one or more enable/disable circuits are configurable to disable all of the power channels. In still another embodiment, the one or more enable/disable circuits are configurable to disable some of the plurality of power channels.
At 150, the method includes providing a control signal. In addition, the method includes controlling a plurality of MOSFET drivers using the control signal at 155. Specifically, the control signal is configured by a switching mode power supply controller that is configured to deliver a switching control signal, such as, a PWM control signal in order to regulate an output voltage.
At 160, the method includes providing a plurality of power channels, wherein each power channel includes a plurality of MOSFETs, that collectively provide a power signal at the output of the corresponding power channel. More specifically, the single control signal is configured to control each of the plurality of power channels.
At 165, the method includes controlling a plurality of MOSFETs of a corresponding power channel by a corresponding MOSFET driver. That is, the control signal is configured to control the plurality of MOSFETs through a corresponding MOSFET driver. The plurality of MOSFETs of a corresponding power channel provides a power signal that is regulated using a corresponding output inductor and output capacitor coupled to the output inductor.
At 170, the method includes generating a plurality of power signals with the plurality of power channels. Collectively, the plurality of power signals outputted from the plurality of power channels is combined to provide an overall power signal.
The method also includes providing a feedback circuit that measures current and voltage information from the plurality of power signals. As such, the feedback signal conveys various information, including average power delivered by each of the plurality of power channels, and a total power delivered by the plurality of power channels.
As shown in
System 200 also includes one or more pluralities of power channels. For instance, system 200 includes a plurality of power channels 220, plurality of power channels 230, on up to plurality of power channels 240. More specifically, each plurality of power channels includes multiple power supply channels. For instance, plurality of power channel 220 includes power channels 221, 223, on up to 225; plurality of power channel 230 includes power channels 231, 232, on up to 235; and the plurality of power channel 240 includes power channels 241, 242, on up to 245. In one embodiment, the pluralities of power channels each contain the same number of power channels. In another embodiment, the pluralities of power channels contain differing numbers of power channels.
Further, each plurality of power channels comprises one or more pluralities of MOSFETs. For instance, a representative plurality of power channels 220 includes M different pluralities of MOSFETs, wherein each plurality of MOSFETs is driven by a corresponding MOSFET driver and is included in a corresponding power channel. As shown in
Collectively, each plurality of power channels is controlled by a single control signal. For example, the control signal 229 provided at the output node in the input/output 212 of the switching mode power supply controller 210 is used to drive one or more power supply channels (e.g., 221, 223, on up to 225) in the plurality of power channels 220. Also, the control signal 239 provided at the output node in the input/output 213 of the switching mode power supply controller 210 is used to drive one or more power supply channels (e.g., 231, 233, on up to 235) in the plurality of power channels 230. Further, the control signal 249 provided at the output node in the input/output 214 of the switching mode power supply controller 210 is used to drive one or more power supply channels (e.g., 241, 243, on up to 245) in the plurality of power channels 240.
Individually, each of the power channels includes a plurality of MOSFETs that collectively provide a power signal at the output of the corresponding power channel. Looking at a representative plurality of power channels 220, power supply channel 221 is configured to generate a power signal 226 from a corresponding plurality of MOSFETs, power supply channel 223 is configured to generate a power signal 227 from a corresponding plurality of MOSFETs, and the Mth power supply channel 225 is configured to generate a power signal 228 from corresponding plurality of MOSFETs. Similarly, the plurality of power channels 230 generates a plurality of power signals, and the plurality of power channels 240 generates a plurality of power signals.
More specifically, the switching mode power supply controller 210 generates multiple control signals or phases used for controlling the pluralities of power channels. As such, a single control signal is configured to control one or more power channels, in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. That is, a single control signal is routed to a plurality of MOSFET drivers (not shown) to provide a boosted control signal that is delivered to a corresponding plurality of power channels in order to make the MOSFETs in the corresponding power channels more responsive. As previously described, a MOSFET driver outputs a signal that is used to drive a corresponding plurality of MOSFETs in a corresponding power channel. For instance, for each of the power channels 221, 223, on up to 225 in the plurality 220, a corresponding MOSFET driver is configured to receive control signal 229 (e.g., phase 1 control signal). Also, for each of the power channels 231, 233, on up to 235 in the plurality 230, a corresponding MOSFET driver is configured to receive control signal 239 (e.g., phase 3 control signal). Further, for each of the power channels 241, 243, on up to 245 in the plurality 240, a corresponding MOSFET driver is configured to receive control signal 249 (e.g., phase 1 control signal). In one embodiment, a corresponding MOSFET driver is integrated within a corresponding power supply channel. In another embodiment, a corresponding MOSFET driver is integrated within the switching mode power supply controller 210.
In one embodiment, each of the plurality of MOSFET drivers have the same characteristics, as previously described. For instance, the MOSFET drivers each show the same duty cycle characteristic. In another embodiment, each of the plurality of MOSFET drivers of a corresponding plurality of power channels exhibit the same characteristic. In that manner, when a variable duty cycle PWM control signal is applied simultaneously to a plurality of power channels (e.g., 220), the control signal is presented synchronously to each of the power channels in the plurality (e.g., 220), since the MOSFET drivers exhibit the same characteristics. In still another embodiment, each of the plurality of MOSFET drivers of each of the pluralities of power channels exhibit the same characteristics.
Furthermore, the super N-phase switching mode power supply is configured to generate “N” control signals, each of which are delivered to “M” MOSFET drivers in a symmetrical power supply, wherein each plurality of power supply channels includes the same number “M” of power channels (other embodiments include different number of channels for each plurality of power supply channels). That is, each of the control signals is delivered to a corresponding plurality of MOSFET drivers that controls a plurality of power channels. As shown in
For example, in one embodiment a multi-phase power controller generates a first control signal and a second control signal. The first control signal controls a first plurality of MOSFET drivers driving MOSFETs in a first plurality of power channels configured to generate a first plural of power signals. That is, each of the MOSFET drivers in the first plurality controls MOSFETs in a corresponding power channel. Similarly, the second control signal controls a second plurality of MOSFET drivers driving MOSFETs in a second plurality of power channels configured to generate a second plurality of power signals. That is, each of the MOSFET drivers in the second plurality controls MOSFETs in a corresponding power channel.
The power supply 200 also includes a plurality of single phase feedback circuits. The plurality of single phase feedback circuits combined are included in a multi-phase feedback circuit 250. For instance, each of the plurality of power channels is coupled to a corresponding feedback circuit. As shown in
Each of the feedback circuits is configured to measure current and voltage information from corresponding power supply channels. As a representative example for a single phase feedback circuit, the feedback circuit 242 measures current and voltage information from the plurality of power signals (e.g., 226, 227, on up to 228) outputted form the plurality of power supply channels 220.
In one embodiment, each of the single phase feedback circuits is configured to receive and determine current, voltage and power information from corresponding power channels. Additional information is also determined from the current, voltage, and power information, such as the sum of all current, voltage, and power across all the power channels in a corresponding plurality of power channels. Also, the average of the all current, voltage, and power information obtained across all the power channels in a corresponding plurality of power channels is determined. As a representative example, single phase feedback circuit 242 is configured to receive and determine current, voltage, and power information from power channels 221, 223, on up to 224. In one instance, the current, voltage, and power information is summed or totaled across the plurality of power channels 220. In another instance, the current, voltage, and power information is averaged across all of the plurality of power channels 220. The current, voltage, and power information associated with power channels taken individually, or in combination, is collected and forwarded in the form of a feedback signal back to the power supply controller 210. For instance, the current, voltage, and power information from the single phase feedback circuit 242 is delivered to input/output 212; current, voltage, and power information from the single phase feedback circuit 243 is delivered to input/output nodes 213; and current, voltage, and power information from the single phase feedback circuit 244 is delivered to input/output nodes 214.
Additionally, the current, voltage, and power information associated with each of the pluralities of power supply channels is forwarded to the multi-phase feedback circuit 250 over path 255. In that manner, the multi-phase feedback circuit 250 is able to provide an averages of the current, voltage, and power supplied by each of the pluralities of power supply channels. In addition, the multi-phase feedback circuit 250 is able to provide a sum or total of the current, voltage, and power supplied by all the pluralities of power supply channels. As such, the multi-phase feedback circuit 250 is configured to generate an output signal 257 providing average or total current, voltage, and power information from the pluralities of power channels back to node 219 of the switching mode power supply controller 210.
The one or more MOSFET drivers 320 are coupled to a plurality of MOSFETs. More particularly, the MOSFET drivers 320 is coupled to “x” numbers of high-side MOSFETs 357 through the power and signal connections 325, wherein a representative MOSFET transistor switch is coupled between the high power (e.g., Vdd) and the load. The one or more MOSFET drivers 320 are also coupled to “y” numbers of low-side MOSFETs 359 through the power and signal connections 325, wherein a representative MOSFET transistor switch is coupled between a load and ground, or the negative power (e.g., Vss). In addition, the power and signal connections 325 are coupled to an input power rail 317 and a ground power rail 319. The MOSFET drivers 320 are configured to send the corresponding control signal to the high side MOSFETs independent from delivery to the low side MOSFETs. In that manner, the one or more MOSFET drivers 320 is configured to deliver a boosted control signal 310. Also, the one or more MOSFET drivers 320 is able to deliver a feedback signal, previously described, back to the controller through a corresponding feedback circuit.
The “x” high side MOSFETs 357 and the “y” low side MOSFETs 359 in the power channel 300A are coupled to one or more output inductors 333. The inductors transform low power to high power, and vice versa. The one or more output inductors 333 are coupled to one or more output capacitors 335, which act in part to smooth out the power signal, in order to output a regulated power supply signal to an output power rail 337.
More particularly, the one or more MOSFET drivers are integrated within the power supply controller. The MOSFET drivers receives one or more control signals from the power supply controller, and generates boosted control signals 340 that are delivered to the power supply channel 300B. The boosted control signals 340 are delivered to a plurality of MOSFETs. More particularly, the boosted control signals 340 are delivered to “x” numbers of high-side MOSFETs 387 through the power and signal connections 355 through power and signal connections 355. The one or more MOSFET drivers are also coupled to “y” numbers of low-side MOSFETs 389 through the power and signal connections 355. Also, the power and signal connections 355 are coupled to an input power rail 347 and a ground power rail 349. The control signals 340 from the MOSFET drivers integrated in the power controller are configured to send the corresponding control signal to the high side MOSFETs independent from delivery to the low side MOSFETs.
In one embodiment, when using a power controller's integrated MOSFET driver to control the “M” pieces of power channels, an external MOSFET driver is included to control the “X” piece of high side MOSFETs 387 and “Y” pieces of low side MOSFETs 389. When using the power controller's high side MOSFET drive signal to control the “M” pieces of power channels, the duty cycle of the external MOSFET driver is smaller than the duty cycle of the integrated MOSFET driver. When using the power controller's low side MOSFET drive signal to control the “M” pieces of power channels, the duty cycle of the external MOSFET driver is larger than the duty cycle of the integrated MOSFET driver.
Also, the plurality of high side MOSFETs 387 and the plurality of low side MOSFETs 389 are able to deliver a feedback signal 345, previously described, back to the controller through a corresponding feedback circuit.
Further, the “x” high side MOSFETs 387 and the “y” low side MOSFETs 389 in the power channel 300B are coupled to one or more output inductors 363. The inductors transform low power to high power, and vice versa. The one or more output inductors 363 are coupled to one or more output capacitors 365, which act in part to smooth out the power signal, in order to output a regulated power supply signal to an output power rail 367.
The DR.MOSFETs are coupled to the one or more output inductors 393. The inductors transform low power to high power, and vice versa. The one or more output inductors 393 are coupled to one or more output capacitors 395, which act in part to smooth out the power signal, in order to output a regulated power supply signal to an output power rail 397.
Also, the one or more DR.MOSFETs 380 is able to deliver a feedback signal 375, previously described, back to the controller (not shown) through a corresponding feedback circuit.
Thus, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, a super N-phase switching mode power supply is described including a multi-phase power controller configured to control one or more pluralities of power channels using a plurality of control signals, wherein a single control signal is configured to control a plurality of power channels.
The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as may be suited to the particular use contemplated.
Embodiments according to the present disclosure are thus described. While the present disclosure has been described in particular embodiments, it should be appreciated that the disclosure should not be construed as limited by such embodiments.