Document	Document Title
US07818814B2	Method for distributing software based on software protection devices The present invention relates to a method for distributing software, more particularly, to a method for distributing software based on software protection devices. Said software includes an upgrade program that is extracted from the software and placed into a user software protection device, and a protected program retained after the upgrade program is extracted from the software. Said protected program, upgrade program (which will be placed into the user software protection device), and the user software protection device are delivered to the user respectively. Then said protected program and upgrade program are installed and run jointly using leasehold information. Therefore, the software distribution process is protected and managed reliably, the developer's software distribution process is streamlined, the security of software protection is increased, the developer's development cost is reduced, and the usability of the software protection device is increased as well. Moreover, said protected program and upgrade program can be delivered through network so that the distribution cost can also be reduced.
US07818813B2	Server apparatus and control method An encrypted document file and related file are received (S42), and character strings are extracted from the related file. The document file is registered in a database (150) together with the extracted character strings (S45).
US07818811B2	Off-line economies for digital media An off-line economy for digital media. In one implementation, exemplary media devices of buyer and seller participate in the off-line economy by performing secure off-line transfers of digital media content between themselves. The media devices store proof of the off-line sales transactions, so that a percentage of the sale price can be applied to a copyright owner and a percentage of the sale price can be applied to the seller as an incentive. Even resale of pirated media content benefits the copyright holder. The off-line economy opens an effective and inexpensive distribution channel for copyright holders and allows buyers to obtain media content anywhere, at any time, from any participant in the off-line economy without connecting to the Internet. The off-line economy allows copyright holders and media sellers to optimize pricing by market probing.
US07818809B1	Confidential data protection through usage scoping Methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable media for protecting confidential data on a network. An embodiment of the inventive method comprises the steps of: monitoring 110 data directed to a website; identifying 120 a data string having at least one confidential characteristic; categorizing the data string with a categorization level; examining 140 the website for at least one characteristic consistent with confidential data; creating 155 a website characteristic profile; comparing 170 the website characteristic profile with the data string's categorization level for compatibility; and determining 180 whether the data string can be communicated to the website.
US07818805B2	Methods and systems for network traffic security The present invention is directed to methods of and systems for adaptive networking that monitors a network resource of a network. The method monitors an application performance. The method categorizes a first subset of traffic of the network. The categories for the first subset include trusted, known to be bad, and suspect. The method determines an action for a second subset of traffic based on the category for the first subset of traffic. Some embodiments provide a system for adaptive networking that includes a first device and traffic that has a first subset and a second subset. The system also includes a first resource and a second resource for the transmission of the traffic. The first device receives the traffic and categorizes the traffic into the first and second subsets. The first device assigns the first subset to the first resource. Some embodiments provide a network device that includes an input for receiving incoming traffic, an output for sending outgoing traffic, a categorization module that categorizes incoming traffic, and a resource assignment module that assigns the categorized traffic for a particular resource. A traffic category for the device includes suspect traffic.
US07818800B1	Method, system, and computer program product for blocking malicious program behaviors Various embodiments of a system and method for blocking malicious program behaviors, such as keystroke logging behavior or screen capture behavior, are disclosed. Security software may execute on a computer system, where the security software is operable to monitor the computer system to detect malicious program behavior. In response to detecting a first condition indicating that monitoring of the computer system to detect malicious program behavior should be initiated, the security software automatically initiates monitoring of the computer system to detect malicious program behavior. After initiating the monitoring for malicious program behavior, the security software may detect malicious program behavior of a second program executing on the computer system and block the malicious program behavior of the second program.
US07818798B2	Software system with controlled access to objects A computer system configured to intercept method calls placed on an object. By intercepting method calls, processing may be performed on a method call-by-method call basis. As part of the processing, metadata for an object is consulted to partition the methods for that object into subsets. The processing performed in response to any specific method call may be based on the subset to which the method belongs. The type of metadata may depend on the desired operation of the computer system. Metadata representing a white list or black list may be used in a computer system that implements a security zone that allows access to methods deemed to be safe or to deny access to methods deemed to be unsafe. In a performance monitoring system, metadata may identify methods to be logged or methods for which execution cost are to be measured. Values returned by a method call may also be processed when the method calls are intercepted. The returned value may be wrapped with a wrapper that holds data useful in implementing a security zone or for performing other processing.
US07818793B2	System and method of firewall design utilizing decision diagrams A system, method and computer-usable medium for designing a firewall to protect a data processing system. A user first specifies a firewall decision diagram. The firewall decision diagram is then reduced and marked. Finally, a firewall is generated from the marked firewall decision diagram.
US07818790B1	Router for use in a monitored network A network of routers is monitored by a monitoring server. Each router implements various security mechanisms to secure the operation of the routers. For example, each router comprises control logic that implements a security protocol dictated, at least in part, by contents of at least two separate external storage devices, each storage device separate from, but coupled to, one of the ports of said router.
US07818789B2	User controls for a computer This invention is directed to provide a method for enabling an administrator to monitor and selectively limit the computer functions available to a user. The method is carried out on a personal computer by an administrator, and administrator decisions can be enforced on other personal computers in a local network. The invention enables an administrator to restrict a user's logon hours, logon duration, access to computer functions, and access to applications based on content rating. In addition, the administrator may temporarily restrict or extend normally allowed access privileges. The invention also allows for the monitoring, auditing, and reporting of a user's computer function usage to an administrator.
US07818787B2	Preventing a non-head end based service provider from sending media to a media processing system Systems and methods that prevent unauthorized access in a communications network are provided. In one embodiment, a system that prevents unauthorized access to a network device may include, for example, a network device and a headend. The headend may be coupled to a communications network. The network device may be deployed in a home environment and may be communicatively coupled to the communications network via the headend. The headend may be adapted, for example, to determine whether a request to access the network device is authorized.
US07818786B2	Apparatus and method for managing session state An apparatus and method for managing a session state are provided. The apparatus for managing a session state during transmission control protocol (TCP) handshaking includes: a session index unit producing and managing an index including 5-tuple information of a session corresponding to an input packet; a detailed information manager generating and managing an entry by extracting state information of a session in which a predetermined time does not pass after the session has been completely established, to respond to an intrusion detection against the input packet when the index is produced; a brief information manager generating and managing an entry including state information, which includes states of session connection and disconnection and directionality of the input packet, of a session in which a predetermined time elapses after the session has been completely established; and a search unit searching an index of the session corresponding to the input packet in the session index unit, and, if an index does not exist, searching the brief information manager after the session has been completely established.
US07818781B2	Behavior blocking access control A facility for setting and revoking policies is provided. The facility receives a request from a controlling process a request to set a policy on a controlled process, and determines whether the controlling process has privilege to set the policy on the controlled process. If the facility determines that the controlling process has privilege to set the policy on the controlled process, the facility sets the policy on the controlled process, which causes the policy to be applied to the controlled process to determine whether the controlled process has authorization to access one or more resources.
US07818769B2	Methods and apparatus for implementing dynamic program guides on mobile devices Mechanisms are provided for allowing a mobile device to dynamically obtain program guide data. A mobile device having the capability of playing media streams is configurable to dynamically request program guide structure information followed by program guide content information. In one example, the program guide structure information allows a user to begin navigating the program guide data in an active and dynamic manner. Program guide content information including data such as program titles, times, icons, and links are then downloaded and displayed as needed. Potentially limitless amounts of program guide data can be provided on a mobile device. Program guide content information can be provided in a generic manner while allowing user layout customization. Program guide information can also be preemptively provided to a mobile device based on a variety of criteria.
US07818764B2	System and method for monitoring blocked content A method for monitoring termination of blocked content. After unwanted content is blocked using substitution, user channel selection, or otherwise, a number of methods are available for monitoring blocked content and choosing content for presentation after the blocked content ends. Default content may be automatically presented. Default content includes content that was being presented prior to blocking, or any user selected default content. The user may opt to continue viewing substitute content. A termination notification may be generated, whereby the user the notified that blocked content is terminated, or will terminate imminently. One type of termination notification includes a prompt enabling the user to select among possible content to switch to.
US07818756B2	SKU determination mechanism and API Applications or operating system components requiring a SKU, or other indicator of an operating system, make a call to an API. The calling application passes an indicator of the most current version of an operating system known at the time of the application creation as an argument. This argument may be an indictor of the operating system version, build number, and service pack version, for example. The called API may reference a table of operating system SKUs with the indicator of the most current operating system known to the calling application. If found, the API returns the corresponding SKU to the calling application. If not found, the API returns the SKU corresponding to the closest sequential match to the passed in indicator. The calling application may then execute believing it is using the operating system corresponding to the returned SKU.
US07818742B2	Portal federated applications and portal federated web applications A customer portal application can reference a module. The files of the module can be combined with the files of the customer portal application wherein the files of the customer portal application take precedence.
US07818737B2	Video device having software upgrade function using wireless communication and method for controlling the same A method and apparatus for upgrading software of a video device is disclosed. A software program associated with the video device is downloaded using wireless communication to upgrade the video device. This allows the software program to be more quickly downloaded. The apparatus includes a tuner unit, a storage unit, and a controller. The tuner unit receives a plurality of ROM files into which a software program associated with a video device has been divided. The storage unit stores the received ROM files. The controller reads the stored ROM files and upgrades the video device.
US07818730B1	Automatic minimal build dependency determination and building an executable with source code The present invention provides a method and system for building an executable using only the necessary source modules or a reduced set of source modules. The complete list of necessary source modules can be determined by checking for dependency of any already identified necessary source modules. Hence, if any of the source modules belongs to a library, the entire library will not need to be compiled in order to use any necessary source module to build the executable. The present invention has the advantage that the executable takes shorter time to build and the executable is smaller in memory size so that it is easier to be ported to a target system. The present invention may also be used to minimize or reduce the memory needed to load a model so that only the elements/blocks that are used in the model are loaded into memory when a model loads. The present invention may further be used to minimize or reduce efforts in validating a model by creating a new library containing only the library elements/blocks that are used in the model, so that it is easy to identify which library elements/blocks need to be validated.
US07818723B2	Antipattern detection processing for a multithreaded application A method of analyzing a multithreaded application for an antipattern is presented. An antipattern test is selected from a library of available antipatterns. An analysis tool is determined in response to the selected antipattern. The analysis tool is processed against the multithreaded application for the selected antipattern for purposes of detecting coding deficiencies in the multithreaded application as defined by the antipattern.
US07818721B2	Dynamic application tracing in virtual machine environments A method for dynamic application tracing in virtual machine environments comprises receiving an instrumentation request that includes an identification of a probe point at which instrumentation code is to be inserted within an application. The method may further comprise making a determination whether the instrumentation code meets one or more acceptance criteria. If the instrumentation code is found to be acceptable, the method may further comprise inserting the instrumentation code at the probe point within the application while the application is executing within a virtual machine, and obtaining information indicative of application state from an execution of the instrumentation code when the probe point is reached during application execution.
US07818720B2	System and method for control logic code reordering based on stochastic execution time information A method, computer program product, and data processing system for performing automated optimization of a control processing flow containing Boolean conditional expressions is disclosed. Each conditional expression is profiled using a representative set of test vectors to determine the probabilities of individual conditions and combinations of conditions in the expression. Next, the expression is restructured or reordered, including selective computation of subexpressions, based on the probability information, so as to maximize the probability of a short-circuit termination of evaluation of the expression and/or to minimize the statistical execution time of the expression. This process is performed for all Boolean conditional expressions related to the control processing flow.
US07818717B2	Method for the remote control programming of machine controllers and machine controller for carrying out said method The invention relates to a method for remote-control programming and to a machine control system 2 for performing the method. To refine the method so as to simplify and shorten an execution operation of a control program source yet automatically avoid version conflicts between the control program source and the compilate in the machine control system, it is proposed that the program source 3a stored in memory in the machine control system be executed by means of a programming device 1, and after the execution, the compilate of the executed program source is generated and stored in memory in the machine control system, where it is made available to a control module.
US07818710B2	Method and system for lithographic simulation and verification Methods and systems for lithographic simulation and verification comprising a process in the frequency domain or in the spatial domain of calculating intensity at a location (x, y) for a number of defocus values. In addition, evaluating the intensity calculation result to determine if the intensity level will result in the mask pattern being written onto a wafer. The verification process may be calculated in the spatial domain or in the frequency domain. The calculations may be done such that full focus window calculations may be obtained by isolating the defocus parameter “z” in the calculations.
US07818704B1	Capacitive decoupling method and module The present invention is directed to a capacitive decoupling module and method for an integrated circuit that features providing multiple capacitive elements to decouple the power rails from the integrated circuit. The multiple capacitive elements are spaced-apart, along a first direction, from the integrated circuit. A first set of capacitive elements is closer to the integrated circuit than a second set of capacitive elements. The first set has a smaller capacitance than the second set.
US07818691B2	Zeroclick A GUI interface, a method of programming a GUI interface, and an apparatus which enables functions of controls in the GUI to be activated by a movement to a control and then another subsequent movement related to that control. It may be defined more precisely below. A GUI in which, when a pointer 0 is immediately adjacent or passes over a control area 1, a procedure is initiated whereby subsequent movement of the pointer over a predetermined path area 3 generates a ‘click’ event which simulates direct clicking of the control 1 and moving outside the predetermined path area 3 prior to completion of the path 3 resets the control to as if the pointer has never started along the predetermined path area 3.
US07818687B2	Dynamic graphic user interface A Graphical User Interface or “GUI” for use with a computer operating systems that operates dynamically according to the user's preferences. Each element of the GUI is surrounded by a dynamic edge which allows the user to combine two or more elements together to create a visually coherent unit in real time. Users can merge or fuse together two or more edges together thus creating a combined group that has aspects and qualities from the constituent elements. Particular colors and color combinations can be created by the user along with user selected shapes and sizes of individual elements selected from a library of element shapes and sizes. The grouped elements can then be separated back to the individual elements for use in different applications or other groupings as later desired by the user.
US07818685B2	Method for navigating between sections in a display space A computer-implemented method for navigating between sections in a display space is furnished. The sections in the display space are each assigned to a particular location of the display space, and representatives are provided which are each assigned to a particular section in the display space using an unambiguous relation. The method for navigating includes the following steps: selecting at least one representative that is assigned to a particular section in the display space with the aid of the unambiguous relation; and navigating to the particular section in the display space with the aid of the unambiguous relation with the particular section in the display space.
US07818682B2	Modeling editor Methods and apparatus, including computer systems and program products, that implement a modeling editor associated with development objects. A computer program product includes instructions operable to receive user input including a user-defined graphical object, and a selection of a development object from a set of development objects in a development environment; generate an association between the selected development object and the user-defined graphical object; generate a graphical representation including the user-defined graphical object; and store the graphical representation and the association in a document. A graphical object need not be associated with any of the development objects. The user-defined graphical object can be presented to a user. Presenting the user-defined graphical object can include selectively presenting information associated with the user-defined graphical object based on user settings, such as abstraction information that can define an abstraction level for presenting the user-defined graphical object.
US07818672B2	Floating action buttons A user interface (UI) includes floating action buttons. Respective hot zones are established for associated respective UI elements. When a focus is targeting (e.g., located at) a given hot zone, one or more floating action buttons that are associated therewith are presented as part of the UI. Activation of a particular action button of the one or more floating action buttons causes an action corresponding to the particular action button to be implemented. In an example implementation, the actions available through the one or more floating action buttons may be context-sensitive such that the actions thereof are tailored to the type of item corresponding to the UI element (e.g., an icon, a graphical element, a text portion, a screen area, etc.).
US07818671B2	Virtual navigation of menus Menus within an application may be virtually navigated. While a user is virtually navigating the menus and exploring the user interface (UI) elements using the virtual menus, the system's current focus is maintained. Virtual navigating menus assist a user in learning the commands that are associated with an application. Instead of having to physically navigate to the menus that change the system focus, a user may virtually navigate to a menu to learn what commands or features an application supports. The virtual menus behave just as the regular menu items behave within the application without the state of the application changing.
US07818667B2	Verification of semantic constraints in multimedia data and in its announcement, signaling and interchange A collection of well-formed, but possibly semantically invalid, binary encoded multimedia data components or packages as well as the binary encoded announcement, signaling, and interchange protocols used in their transmission are converted into one or more well-formed extensible markup language (XML) files. Such XML files may then be validated according to one or more pre-defined XML schemas, or similar schema languages, in order to verify that the data and protocol structures and substructures adhere to prior defined semantic constraints.
US07818662B2	Integrating line-of-business application data with documents Merging data from LOB applications into document templates within productivity applications without the need for custom programming is provided. A document template within a productivity application is provided, and an XML schema is attached to the document template. The XML schema allows the LOB application data to be modeled generically using a business object paradigm. Meta-data is accessed from the LOB application. Using the attached XML schema, a user may mark-up the document template with schema nodes corresponding to the meta-data from the LOB application. Data from the LOB application may then be accessed and merged into the schema nodes, creating a data-merged document. Data may be further interactively merged from the LOB application into the data-merged document.
US07818659B2	News feed viewer Techniques for presenting and managing syndication XML (feeds) are disclosed. In one embodiment, a user can modify how a feed is displayed, such as which content (and how much) is displayed, in what order, and how it is formatted. In another embodiment, a modification regarding how a feed is displayed is stored so that it can be used again at a later time. In yet another embodiment, a user can create a custom feed through aggregation and/or filtering of existing feeds. Aggregation includes, for example, merging the articles of multiple feeds to form a new feed. Filtering includes, for example, selecting a subset of articles of a feed based on whether they satisfy a search query. In yet another embodiment, a user can find articles by entering a search query into a search engine that searches feeds, which will identify one or more articles that satisfy the query.
US07818654B2	Addressing strategy for Viterbi metric computation There is provided an addressing architecture for parallel processing of recursive data. A basic idea is to store a calculated new path metric at the memory location used by the old path metric, which old metric was employed to calculate the new metric. If m metric values are read and m metric values are simultaneously calculated in parallel, it is possible to store the new, calculated metrics in the memory position where the old metrics were held. This is advantageous, since the size of the storage area for the path metrics is reduced to half compared to the storage area employed in prior art Viterbi decoders for the same performance with regard to path metric computations.
US07818651B2	Semiconductor memory device having data holding mode using ECC function When memory cells enter a data holding mode, a control circuit of a semiconductor memory device reads out a plurality of data from the memory cells to generate and store a check bit for error detection and correction, and performs a refresh operation in a period within an error occurrence allowable range of an error correcting operation performed by an ECC circuit by using the check bit. Before a normal operation mode is restored from the data holding mode, the control circuit performs control such that an error bit of the data is corrected by using the check bit. In an entry/exit period, read and write are performed by a page operation.
US07818647B2	Method for switching between asynchronous and synchronous HARQ retransmission mode The present invention relates to method for controlling the transmission timing of data retransmissions in a wireless communication system wherein a HARQ retransmission protocol, is used to retransmit data from a transmitting entity to a receiving entity via a data channel. Further the present invention relates to a base station, a mobile terminal and a communication system employing the present invention. To overcome problems resulting from synchronous retransmissions in interference critical situations, the present invention introduces additional feedback signaling to a new HARQ protocol. The new NACK-S indicates to the transmitting entity to stop the synchronously transmitting retransmissions but to await a scheduling assignment for the retransmission from the receiving entity instead.
US07818642B2	Hierarchical test response compaction for a plurality of logic blocks In one embodiment, the present invention includes first level matrices, each including m input terminals and n output terminals, each coupled to a processor core, and second level matrices each coupled to the n output terminals of one of the first level matrices, where each of the second level matrices has n input terminals and p output terminals, and the p output terminals of the second level matrices correspond to a compacted output from the multiple processor cores. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07818634B2	Detecting method and system for consistency of link scrambling configuration A detecting method for the consistency of a link scrambling configuration, comprises: setting the first threshold of the data packet error rate received by the receiving end; when the receiving end receiving date from the link, counting the received data packet error rate; judging whether the error rate is above the set first threshold; if yes, determining that the link scrambling configurations between transmitting end and receiving end are inconsistent; if not, determining that the link scrambling configurations between transmitting end and receiving end are consistent. The invention provides that the ports could detect the consistency of the link scrambling configuration automatically when configuring the link scrambling code, thereby enables the receive device to adjust the configuration of scrambling code to achieve the consistency of scrambling code between both ends of the link, and improves the maintenance of devices.
US07818631B1	Method and system for automatically generating network trouble tickets A method and system for are provided for generating a ticketing report in a communications networking environment. The method includes receiving an alarm event that has a set of event attributes, which includes an event identifier; automatically evaluating the attributes against a set of ticketing rules; determining whether a ticketing report should be generated, and if so, then identifying one or more target ticketing systems; generating a ticketing message based on the alarm-event attributes and the identified one or more target ticketing system(s); routing the event to the target ticketing system, whereby the ticketing report can be automatically generated; receiving a ticket identifier that identifies the generated ticketing report; and associating the ticket identifier with the event identifier. The system includes an alarm-event manager, a ticketing engine coupled to the alarm-event manager, a ticketing router coupled to the ticketing engine and to one or more ticket-outputting systems, and a data structure coupled to the ticketing engine and containing a set of ticketing rules that define criteria to be met to automatically generating a ticketing report.
US07818624B2	Processor bus for performance monitoring with digests A method for monitoring event occurrences from a plurality of processor units at a centralized location via a dedicated bus coupled between the plurality of processor units and the centralized location. In particular, the method comprises receiving, at the centralized location, data indicative of cumulative events occurring at one of the processor units, and storing the data in a first temporary memory. The data is then stored in a register based on a tag identifier affixed to the data in an instance where the tag identifier provides indicia of one of the plurality of processor units.
US07818621B2	Data center boot order control A method and system for determining an optimal order for rebooting servers in a data center. After an abnormal shutdown event in a data center, a power restoration management (PRM) server detects a restoration of power capable of being available for a rebooting of servers in the data center. A power restoration management program automatically and dynamically determines an optimal order for rebooting the servers, where the order is a result of applying policies based on weighted factors. The PRM server or a manual process reboots the servers in the determined order. The rebooting includes an enhancement of a financial position of an organizational entity associated with the data center. The enhancement of the financial position includes increasing a financial profit of the organizational entity or decreasing a financial loss of the organization entity.
US07818618B2	System and method for performing compensation work In accordance with embodiments, there are provided mechanisms and methods for performing compensation work. These mechanisms and methods can enable embodiments to provide design patterns for implementing compensation work. The ability of embodiments to provide design patterns for implementing compensation work can provide consistency of long-running business processes defined using means of some programming language or modeling tool. Further, embodiments can enable compensation functions implementing compensation work to be efficiently persisted and to be passed as arguments to other program components.
US07818611B2	Memory device internal parameter reliability Embodiments herein may store redundant copies of an operational parameter associated with an internal operation of a memory device. The redundant copies and associated parity bits may be stored in sets of writeable, non-volatile storage cells. A working area of the memory device may subsequently be populated with one or more redundant copies of the operational parameter, with a flag associated with the operational parameter, or with both. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07818605B2	Method of managing reconfigurable terminals within a radio network A respective agent platform in network elements and producer-specific agents that are installed directly on platform or by way of agent proxies of agent providers. The agents then receive raw information on arising operating errors by way of a defined interface of the agent platform, and, together with producer-specific information on the respective terminals or types of terminal that are known only to the respective producer, from corresponding compressed decision information for evaluating cases of error and/or for optimizing reconfiguration decisions. The agents then provide the information for the network element or the network operator and/or the agent provider or the terminal producer, via the defined interface. This leads to a higher reliability of the interoperability of terminals and network elements in mobile radio networks including reconfigurable terminals.
US07818597B2	Computer system fault detection A computer system is disclosed. The computer system includes a core processor, a power supply including a first output in power communication with the core processor, and a power switch in signal communication with the power supply for controlling a state of the first output. The computer system also includes a service processor in signal communication with the sub-system and power communication with a second output of the power supply and a back up power supply. In response to activation of the power switch and a fault of the second output, the service processor uses the back up power supply and a reduced power mode to detect the fault of the second output and generate a signal representative thereof to be displayed upon a light emitting diode display.
US07818578B2	Method and apparatus for uniquely and authoritatively identifying tangible objects A smart chip protection system contains a unique public/private identity key pair and uses a separate public/private signature key pair. The identity private key is stored in permanent, secure storage such that it can not be read outside the chip. An issuing entity generates a descriptor containing the identity public key, attribute data, and a digital signature. The digital signature is generated by enciphering a derivation of the identity public key and the attribute data with the signature private key known only to the issuer. The authenticity of the descriptor data is verified by decrypting the signature with the signature public key using a known algorithm, and comparing the result to the derivation of the descriptor data. The identity of the object can be verified requesting the smart chip to perform an encryption/decryption operation using its identity private key, and performing the complement using the public key.
US07818576B2	User controlled anonymity when evaluating into a role A method, system, and program for user controlled anonymity when evaluating into a role are provided. An anonymous authentication controller enables a user to control anonymity of the user's identity for role based network accesses to resources, without requiring reliance on any single third party to maintain user anonymity. First, a role authentication certificate is received from a role authenticator, wherein the role authentication certificate certifies that the holder of the role authentication certificate is a member of a particular role without allowing the role authenticator issuing the role authentication certificate the ability to track an identity of a user holding the role authentication certificate. Next, an anonymous channel is established for anonymously presenting the role authentication certificate to a resource protector, wherein the resource protector requires the user to authenticate into the particular role to access a resource, wherein the role authentication certificate authenticates the user into the particular role without enabling the resource protector to ascertain the identity of the user, such that the user is in control of maintaining user anonymity for authenticated role-based accesses.
US07818575B2	Efficient retrieval of cryptographic evidence An efficient protocol for retrieving cryptographic evidence may be selected by evaluating a local policy and a number of relevant factors. Furthermore, updated cryptographic evidence may be prefetched during a time period in which there is a low volume of requests for cryptographic evidence. This low volume time period may be defined, approximately, as an overlapping window in which both a first cryptographic evidence publication and a second cryptographic evidence publication are valid.
US07818563B1	Method to maximize hardware utilization in flow-thru IPsec processing The invention relates to a network interface system for interfacing a host system with a network. The network interface system includes a bus interface system, a media access control system, a memory system, and a security system. The security system is coupled to the memory system and is adapted to selectively perform security processing on incoming and outgoing data. For at least one of receive or transmit processing, the security system comprises one or more encryption pipelines and at least two sets of one or more authentication pipelines. The encryption pipelines are adapted to perform one or more encryption or decryption algorithms. The authentication pipelines are adapted to perform one or more authentication algorithms. The security system is configured to selectively process frames through the encryption pipelines and then through the two sets of authentication pipelines. The system toggles whereby successive frames alternate between the two sets of authentication pipelines.
US07818558B2	Method and apparatus for EFI BIOS time-slicing at OS runtime A method and apparatus is described herein for executing firmware tasks during OS runtime. A thread slices execution time among entries in a control structure, such as process control block (PCB), maintained by an OS kernel. An entry in the control structure includes a reference to a firmware task, such as a system management operation, a BIOS task, and/or and EFI task. Based on that entry, the thread allocates an amount of execution time either directly to the firmware task or to a kernel mode driver to perform the firmware task.
US07818546B2	Pipeline processing communicating adjacent stages and controls to prevent the address information from being overwritten A bus apparatus for transferring information between a bus master and a bus slave includes a plurality of pipeline registers capable of transmitting information from the bus master to the bus slave by a pipeline processing; and a plurality of management devices that manage each pipeline register. Also, the management device includes: a holding state keeping unit that keeps a holding state as information indicating whether a current stage's pipeline register corresponding to the management device holds information; an adjacent stage's holding state specifying unit that specifies the holding state of a previous stage's pipeline register that transmits information to the current stage's pipeline register and the holding state of a subsequent stage's pipeline register to which information from the current stage's pipeline register is transmitted; and a transfer control unit that determines whether information held by the corresponding pipeline register is transferred.
US07818534B2	Determination of sampling characteristics based on available memory A portion of data records of a full input data set are imported into memory of a computer system for processing by an executing application. The full input data set includes data records of a dimensionally-modeled fact collection. An amount of the data of the full input set to import is determined based on an amount of available memory of the computer system. The sampling characteristics for sampling the full input data set are determined based on the amount of the data that can be imported and on characteristics of the full input data set and application involved. The full input data set is then sampled and a portion of the records are imported into the memory of the computer system for processing. The sampling characteristics are determined such that analysis as a result of processing by the executing application of the sampled portion of the records imported is representative of the analysis that could otherwise be carried out on the full input data set, with a calculable statistical relevance.
US07818532B2	Method and system for creating and restoring an image file An image file format and a method of creating and restoring an image file is provided by the present invention. The image file format includes a plurality of streams such as a control stream, a data stream, a bitmap stream, and a cluster map stream. An audit trail stream, properties stream and fix-up stream may also be provided. The present invention allows the contents of a storage media to be captured and stored as an image file. The image file is used to restore the storage media to a previous state or allows multiple computers to be provided with a common configuration. The plurality of streams further allow the image file to be viewed, edited or otherwise manipulated.
US07818528B2	System and method for asynchronous clock regeneration The present invention is a method of asynchronous clock regeneration. The method includes synchronizing a first write pointer and a second write pointer, the first write pointer being an offline write pointer, the second write pointer being an online write pointer. The method further includes swapping at least one bit from the first write pointer with at least one bit of the second write pointer when the bits are static. The method further includes regenerating a DQS (Data Strobe Signal) clock.
US07818526B2	Semiconductor memory device having test mode for data access time A semiconductor memory device for measuring a data access time by controlling data output operation, including: a pipe latch control unit for generating an input control signal based on a test mode signal; a pipe latch unit for receiving data and controlling the data according to a CAS latency in synchronization with a clock signal at a normal mode or passing the data without synchronization with the clock signal at a test mode based on the input control signal; an output control unit for generating an output node control signal based on the test mode signal; and an output unit for controlling an output data outputted from the pipe latch means according to the CAS latency in synchronization with the clock signal at the normal mode or passing the output data without synchronization with the clock signal at the test mode based on the output node control signal.
US07818524B2	Data migration systems and methods for independent storage device expansion and adaptation A method of data migration for independent storage device expansion and adaptation is disclosed. The method migrates user data of a first storage unit being pre-expanded or pre-adapted to relevant regions of a second storage unit being post-expanded or post-adapted in multiple batches and includes the following steps. A number corresponding to a start data stripe of the first storage unit is provided in each batch. A data stripe migration quantity is determined. Data stripe user data of the determined data stripe migration quantity subsequent to and including the start data stripe of the first storage unit is duplicated and stored in relevant regions of the second storage unit. Subsequent to duplicating and storing each batch, the original user data of data stripes of the determined data stripe migration quantity subsequent to and including the start data stripe of the first storage unit remains undamaged.
US07818522B2	Apparatus, system, and method for incremental resynchronization in a data storage system An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for performing an incremental resynchronization between two unrelated volumes when a third volume fails. The apparatus, system, and method include initiating registration of changed tracks; keeping track of bytes in flight activities between a local volume and an intermediate volume; recording the changed tracks in bitmaps at the local volume; stopping the recording of the changed tracks; and starting a resynchronization process by sending the changed tracks to a recovery volume.
US07818503B2	Method and apparatus for memory utilization One embodiment of the invention provides a method and apparatus for utilizing memory. The method includes reserving a first portion of a cache in a processor for an inbox. The inbox is associated with a first thread being executed by the processor. The method also includes receiving a packet from a second thread, wherein the packet includes an access request. The method further includes using inbox control circuitry for the inbox to process the received packet and determine whether to grant the access request included in the packet.
US07818500B2	Apparatus and method for using one core for RAID control in multi-core CPU The invention is based on running the entire RAID stack on a dedicated core of one of the cores of the multi-core CPU. This makes it possible to eliminate the use of a conventional separate RAID controller and replace its function with a special flash memory chip that contains a program, which isolates the dedicated cores from the rest of the operating system and converts it into a powerful RAID engine. A part of the memory of the flash memory chip can also be used for storing data at power failure. This makes it possible to avoid having the battery backup module. The invention of the method of RAID on multi-core CPU may have many useful applications on an enterprise level, e.g., for increased accessibility and preserving critical data.
US07818498B2	Allocating files in a file system integrated with a RAID disk sub-system Integrating a file system with a RAID array that exports precise information about the arrangement of data blocks in the RAID subsystem. The present invention uses separate current-write location (CWL) pointers for each disk in the disk array where the pointers simply advance through the disks as writes occur. The present invention writes on the disk with the lowest CWL pointer. A new disk is chosen only when the algorithm starts allocating space for a new file, or when it has allocated N blocks on the same disk for a single file. A sufficient number of blocks are defined as all the buffers in a chunk of N sequential buffers in a file. The result is that CWL pointers are never more than N blocks apart on different disks, and large files have N consecutive blocks on the same disk.
US07818495B2	Storage device and deduplication method This storage device performs deduplication of eliminating duplicated data by storing a logical address of one or more corresponding logical unit memory areas in a prescribed management information storage area of a physical unit memory area defined in the storage area provided by the flash memory chip, and executes a reclamation process of managing a use degree as the total number of the logical addresses used stored in the management information storage area and a duplication degree as the number of valid logical addresses corresponding to the physical unit memory area for each of the physical unit memory areas, and returning the physical unit memory area to an unused status when the difference of the use degree and the duplication degree exceeds a default value in the physical unit memory area.
US07818484B2	Multimedia data communication method and system The present invention provides a multimedia processing system for communicating data among a baseband module, an image sensor module, and at least one display module in a wireless mobile phone. The multimedia processing system further comprises a serial baseband interface, an image sensor interface, and a display interface for transmitting and receiving data, including processing data, image data, and display data, to and from essential components. Certain embodiments of the invention describe the hardware implementations of the serial interface, including a serial peripheral interface and a universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter interface. Other implementations are also possible. Another embodiment of the invention provides a multimedia processing system that comprises a single chip with an embedded image sensor module. Moreover, another embodiment comprises a bypass mechanism to bypass incoming signals to other components directly. For example, to accelerate the image data transfer which has a changeless data structure, a direct bypass can improve the data transfer speed. The present invention also provides a method for communicating among a baseband module, an image sensor module, and at least one display module in a wireless mobile phone. The method comprises the steps of transmitting and receiving data among the mentioned modules and other components via at least one serial interface scheme.
US07818478B2	Input/Output completion system for a data processing platform A mechanism is disclosed for performing I/O operations using queue banks within a data processing system that supports multiple processing partitions. A queue bank is a re-useable area of memory allocated for performing I/O operations. All memory locking and address-translation functions are generally performed only once for a queue bank to reduce system overhead. After a queue bank has been used to perform an I/O operation, some processing is performed to make it available for re-use. This processing determines whether the queue bank contains memory that is being removed from a current processing partition. If so, a delay is imposed so that the queue bank is not made available for immediate re-use. This creates a window of time wherein all queue banks that contain the affected memory are inactive, thereby allowing the affected memory to be removed from the partition without halting on-going I/O activity.
US07818476B2	Direct memory access controller with dynamic data transfer width adjustment, method thereof, and computer accessible storage media A method of dynamic data transfer width adjustment is provided. The method includes firstly detects a data size of a transfer data. A data transfer width mode is detected according to a data address of transferring data. The data transfer width mode includes at least one of a word mode, a half-word mode, and a byte mode. According to the data address, the data transfer width mode, and the data size, the data is transferred.
US07818472B2	Repeat CCW count argument for device command word processing A method of packaging a plurality of repeating commands for device command word (DCW) processing in a computer environment having an I/O link handling complex instruction chains for a processing operation is provided. Locate record information is packaged into DCW prefix parameter data. The locate record information includes an intent count argument. The plurality of repeating commands are embedded as a truncated concatenation to the first locate record information. The plurality of repeating commands are identified by redefining the intent count argument for the plurality of repeating commands as a repeat count argument using a flag argument incorporated into the locate record information. The repeat count argument indicates a number of times for a control unit in the computer environment to execute the plurality of repeating commands.
US07818471B2	Input/output module for a programmable controller An input/output module for a programmable controller is provided. The input/output module has a digital input channel, and in order to prevent power losses previously incurred internally within the module, an electrical source is provided internally within the module for evaluating the status of a sensor connected to the digital input channel. The module receives no electrical energy via the digital input channel but outputs it. A reduction is thus achieved in the power loss incurred internally within the module. A method for operating an input/output module for a programmable controller is also provided.
US07818464B2	Apparatus and method for capturing serial input data A serial input processing apparatus provides how to capture serial data without loss of a single bit while command interpretation is being performed in a command decoder at high frequency. Individual bytes of serial bits of a pre-defined sequence are latched and bit streams are temporarily stored with multiple clocks. The temporary store is conducted before transferring byte information to assigned address registers to register the address. The address registration and the data registration are performed by latching all bit streams of the serial input at the leading edges of clocks. While at a high frequency operation (e.g., 1 GHz or 1 ns cycle time), no additional registers are required for storing bit data during command interpretation with enough time margins between the command bit stream interpretation and next bit data stream.
US07818453B2	Address transition and message correlation between networks nodes A method, system and network element for providing an address transition if a connection point at one end of a connection is changed from a first network node to a second network node of a cellular network is provided. An address information and at least one alternative address information are transmitted in a signaling message from the first network node to the second network node. One of the address information and the alternative address information is selected at the second network node and used for re-establishing the connection towards the other end of the connection. Thereby, the new point of connection is allowed to re-establish the connection towards the other end of the connection, even if it can only communicate using one of the two addresses. Furthermore, signaling messages, e.g. messages relating to charging, lawful interception, and/or customized applications, received from different network nodes can be correlated based on the alternative addresses.
US07818451B2	Routing system A routing system for routing data and instructions between functional modules (22-38) in a mobile phone (5) is described. The system comprises a micro server (21) which includes a routing module (40), a standard routing table (42), a dynamic routing table (44) and a permission database (46). The routing module (40) is arranged to determine whether a signal received from any of the functional modules (22-38) includes command data corresponding to data stored within the standard routing table (42) or the dynamic routing table (44). If a signal is received which does not include command data the routing module (40) routes the signal on the basis of the identity of the functional module (22-38) from which the signal has been received. Otherwise, data stored in association with the identified command data within the standard routing table (42) or the dynamic routing table (44) is utilised to select a destination for a signal. The permission database (46) is utilised to restrict access to certain modules when an instruction is received from an external computer.
US07818448B2	Method for the insertion and processing of information for the control, by a node, of the broadcasting of a data stream going through a basic network of a heterogeneous network, and corresponding nodes A method for insertion of information for control of broadcasting of a data stream in a heterogeneous network, the network including an entry sub-network conveying first packets and a basic network conveying second packets. The sub-network is connected to the basic network by an entry node forming the second packets. The node receives first packets from the sub-network, associates an access level with each first packet from a plurality of access levels, as a function of a predetermined policy of association, forms each second packet by enclosing at least a first packet or part thereof into the second packet, the enclosed first packets or part thereof being associated with a same access level, for each second packet, inserts, into a field of the second packet representing the broadcast control information, the same access level, and transmits the formed second packets into the basic network.
US07818440B1	Digital asset monitoring system and method A system, method and computer program product are provided for monitoring digital assets communicated over a network. Initially, packets communicated between a first party and a plurality of other parties are passively inspected. Such packets collectively include at least a portion of data associated with a digital asset. Thereafter, based on the inspected packets, at least one aspect associated with the first party and at least one aspect associated with the digital asset are identified.
US07818438B2	Control apparatus and control method In externally uploading data to a storage device in a network, the process for the storage device is controlled in accordance with the state in the network. This invention provides a control apparatus which controls a process for a storage device in externally uploading data to the storage device by communicating with the network to which the storage device and a remote access server are connected. The control apparatus receives an event transmitted from the storage device when it is accessed, calculates the process load of the storage device, and instructs the remote access server to limit the transfer amount of data to the storage device when the calculated process load is larger than a predetermined threshold value.
US07818437B2	Connection management system, connection management method, and management server A reverse proxy server relays data between a client terminal connected to an external network and a host computer installed in an internal network segment using a session ID. A management server, in response to a connection request from the client terminal to the host computer via the reverse proxy server, decides whether a connection to the host computer is permitted based on host PC data having a host PC name of the host computer and a service name distributable by the host computer, and notifies the reverse proxy server and the host computer of the session ID to start connection when the connection is permitted. The host computer sends service data with the session ID after receiving the session ID. The reverse proxy server sends the service data from the host computer to the client terminal, and in response to data from the client terminal, sends the data with the session ID to the host computer.
US07818435B1	Reverse proxy mechanism for retrieving electronic content associated with a local network A method and apparatus for processing requests for delivery of electronic content is provided. According to one aspect of the invention, a request for delivery of first electronic content is received, where (1) the request is for delivery of the first electronic content to a destination client that is not on a local network, and (2) the first electronic content includes one or more links that are only resolvable within the local network. In response to the request, the first electronic content is retrieved, and first updated content is generated by modifying the one or more links associated with the first electronic content to include information identifying a server that can be addressed outside the local network. The first updated content is then delivered to the destination client.
US07818434B2	Mobile server with multiple service connections A method of communicating between a mobile communications device and a plurality of services that are used by the mobile communications device. The method includes establishing, through a firewall and a wireless network, a first communications session between the mobile communications device and a mobile server located in an enterprise network with which the mobile communications device is associated; and establishing, concurrent with the first communications session at least one further communications session between the mobile server and a service, the at least one further communications session being established by the mobile server as a session proxy for the mobile communications device.
US07818432B2	Seamless reflection of model updates in a visual page for a visual channel in a composite services delivery system Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system and computer program product for seamlessly updating a user interface element in a visible page for a visible channel of access to a common session in a composite services enablement environment can be provided. The method can include establishing a visible channel of access to a shared session shared commonly with other channels of access in the composite services enablement environment, rendering a visible page for the visible channel of access and a hidden page for the visible channel of access, reloading the hidden page at a determined interval to capture updates to a model for the shared session applied over the other channels of access, receiving in the hidden page a change in value for a user interface element reflecting an update for the model for the shared session, and causing the visible page to reflect the change in value for a corresponding user interface element in the visible page.
US07818430B2	Methods and systems for fast segment reconstruction Fast segment reconstruction from erasure-coded fragments, including the steps of requesting, by an assembling device using a fragment pull protocol, from a plurality of fractional-storage servers, a first quantity of erasure-coded fragments associated with one or more segments of streaming content; the first quantity of fragments is requested approximately according to the sequential order of the segments, and the first quantity of fragments is more than the minimal quantity of fragments needed for reconstructing the one or more segments. And receiving, by the assembling device, a second decodable quantity of fragments as a response; whereby the second quantity of fragments may be smaller than the first quantity due to a failure condition.
US07818429B2	Registering a resource that delegates commit voting A computer system and storage medium that, in an embodiment, receive an allocation request for a resource and registers the resource as a non-voting participant if the resource desires to delegate commit voting to another resource. The registered resource is then prohibited from participating in an enclosing transactional context and instead is informed when the transaction completes. The resource is enlisted as a voting participant if the resource does not desire to delegate commit voting. In this way, when multiple resources are used in a transaction, a resource may be registered and receive notifications of transaction completion instead of being enlisted and voting on commit decisions. The result of a transaction in which a single resource takes responsibility for a number of other resources is that transaction completion avoids the two-phase commit protocol and the resulting performance degradation.
US07818401B2	Method and apparatus for providing decentralized load distribution The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for providing decentralized load sharing, e.g., providing a protocol that can be used to address load balancing without the need of a central proxy device. Specifically, in one embodiment, the present invention addresses the decentralized load sharing problem, by allowing a group of servers to detect when more than one server attempts to process the same “work request” from a client. To address the potential conflict, each server will implement a back-off strategy for negotiating which server will actually process the work request.
US07818399B1	Methods of expanding commercial opportunities for internet websites through coordinated offsite marketing An e-commerce outsourcing system and method provides hosts with transparent, context-sensitive e-commerce supported pages. A plurality of visually perceptible elements associated with and identifying a source of a host's web page are stored in the form of data in a computer database for future use. The host includes one or more links within a page on the host website that correlate with a selected commerce object, which may be contextually related to material in the page. The commerce object can be a buying opportunity for a product of a third-party merchant, a product category containing a plurality of products of third-party merchants, or a dynamic selection indicator of a merchant's product. A plurality of hosts may choose to link to the same commerce object. Upon activation of the link displayed by a particular host website, a visitor computer is served with a page displaying the visually perceptible elements associated with that specific host's website and information associated with the commerce object correlated to the link. Where the commerce object is a dynamic selection indicator, the content is selected at the time of activation based upon an analysis of the page containing the activated link.
US07818394B1	Social network augmentation of search results methods and apparatus A method for a computer server includes receiving search criteria from a first user at a remote client, receiving a first identifier associated with the first user, performing a search to determine a plurality of search results including a first and a second search result, determining a first rating from a second user associated with the first search result, determining a first social network indicia from the second user to the first user within a social network, determining a second rating from a third user associated with the second search result, determining a second social network indicia from the third user to the first user within the social network, providing the first search result to the remote client including the first rating and the first social network indicia, and providing the second search result to the remote client including the second rating and the second social network indicia.
US07818390B2	Method for transferring data between terminal apparatuses in a transparent computation system A method for transferring data between terminal apparatuses in a network at least comprising a server, a first terminal apparatus and a second terminal apparatus, wherein the server has a storage device at least comprising a first and a second disk images; the method comprising: generating a message of data transfer request based on the information on the data to be transferred; transferring the generated message to the second terminal apparatus; receiving the message and transferring the message to the server if the requested data transfer is allowed; and transferring date between the first disk image and the second disk image, in response to the reception of the message.
US07818387B1	Switch A combined switch and service processor module for a modular computer system is provided. The combined switch and service processor module comprises a switch portion; a service processor portion; and a data interface for communicating management information to other parts of the modular computer system. Wherein the service processor portion is operable to operate in master/slave relationship with a service processor portion of a further combined switch and service processor module of the modular computer system; and wherein the service processor portion is further operable automatically to synchronise management information with the service processor portion of the further combined switch and service processor via the data interface in accordance with the master/slave relationship.
US07818384B2	Simultaneous synchronous split-domain email routing with conflict resolution An email address may be associated with more than one inbox on more than one server. An email sent to such an address may not be delivered automatically to all the inboxes because mail transfer agents follow a rule that each email address is uniquely associated with one inbox on one server, so such agents stop after delivering email to the first inbox. A switching mail transfer agent processes email to deliver to more than one inboxes associated with the address substantially synchronously and substantially without duplicates being delivered to the same inbox.
US07818379B1	Notification and disposition of multiple concurrent instant messaging sessions involving a single online identity Notifying a user of multiple concurrent instant messaging sessions includes receiving a first request to establish a first instant messaging session associated with an instant messaging online identity assigned to a user using a first instant messaging controller and establishing the first instant messaging session in response to the first request. A second request is received to establish a second instant messaging session associated with the instant messaging online identity assigned to the user using a second instant messaging controller that differs from the first instant messaging controller. The second instant messaging session is established in response to the second request. A notification is communicated to at least the first instant messaging controller indicating the establishment of the second instant messaging session.
US07818378B2	Displaying conversation views in a conversation-based email system A method and system of processing messages is described that includes receiving a plurality of messages directed to a user, wherein each message has a unique message identifier. Each of the received messages is associated with a respective conversation to which it belongs. Each conversation includes a respective conversation identifier and a set of one or more messages which share a common set of characteristics that meet certain predefined criteria. A list of conversations to which the various messages belong is displayed in an order determined in accordance with other predefined criteria, such as ordering the conversations by the last date a message was received in a particular conversation. Each conversation is represented as a single item in the list. Other information displayed relating to the conversation includes labels, senders, date/time values, recipients, number of message in a conversation, and whether or not the conversation contains any unread messages.
US07818372B1	Web portal framework for open innovation A system for a project web portal is provided. The system includes a plurality of user interfaces, a storage device, a processor, instructions, and an administrator user interface. When executed by the processor, the instructions provision the project web portal to the plurality of user interfaces, wherein the project web portal comprises a web log portlet, a forum portlet, and a survey portlet. The instructions also store project data in the storage device, wherein the project data comprises a user input received via the web log portlet, a discussion data received via the forum portlet, and an answer data received via the survey portlet. The administrator user interface accesses the project data in the storage device to develop a project.
US07818369B2	System and method for displaying digital image files A digital image displaying system includes a DPF and an electronic device communicating with the DPF. The DPF has identification information. The electronic device includes a DPF detecting submodule, a image storing submodule for storing digital image files, a DPF managing submodule, and an information transmitting submodule. The DPF detecting submodule detects identification information of the at least one DPF, the DPF managing submodule stores the identification information therein, the information transmitting submodule transmits network location paths of the digital image files of the image storing submodule to the at least one DPF, the at least one DPF receives the network location paths and displays the digital image files stored in the image storing submodule according to the network location paths. A method for displaying digital image files is also provided.
US07818368B2	System and method for downloading content Systems and methods for downloading content are provided in which a client device determines content to be downloaded and a downloading order of the content to request a downloading profile for the content, and a server device generates the downloading profile in accordance with a request for the downloading profile from the client device, allowing the client device to download the content in accordance with the generated downloading profile, and transmits an end message to the client device if the downloading is completed.
US07818361B1	Method and apparatus for performing two's complement multiplication Some embodiments provide a novel way of performing a signed multiplication. Each individual bit of a first operand is multiplied by every bit of a second operand to generate partial multiplication results. Each partial result is shiftably added to other partial results except one partial result which is shiftably subtracted. For the partial result that is subtracted, the most significant bit of the second operand is negated and is utilized as carry in of the subtraction operation. The most significant bit of each operand is considered to have a negative sign when generating the partial multiplication results. Also, one of the partial results is appended with the most significant bit of the second operand. Some embodiments utilize a configurable IC that performs subtraction with the same circuitry and at the same cost as addition. The configurable IC also utilizes hybrid interconnect/logic circuits to perform part of the multiplication operation.
US07818346B2	Database heap management system with variable page size and fixed instruction set address resolution A heap management system for a database uses “sets” of pages to store database information. As memory for each successive set of pages is allocated, more memory is allocated for storing rows in each page of the set. Similarly, the maximum number of rows of information storable in each page of each set is greater for each successive set of pages. The number of computer instructions needed to resolve (or calculate) the memory address for a particular row is fixed. Given a target row number, (and the number of rows in the first page, and the width of the column or column group), only a fixed number of computer instructions need to be executed to resolve the starting memory address for the target row. In addition, information of the same type (i.e., one or more columns of a table) may be stored in different pages, and these pages may be located in discontiguous memory segments. This allows space for new rows to be allocated, without requiring all pre-existing rows to be moved to a different memory segment.
US07818344B2	System and method for providing nested types for content management In accordance with embodiments, there are provided mechanisms and methods for providing nested variables in a content management system. These mechanisms and methods for providing nested variables in a content management system can enable users to model types that can be used within other type definitions. This differs from the Type Inheritance feature in that types that make use of the nested type feature do not extend their functionality but define a property definition having a value defined by all property definitions in the nested type. For example, user can create a type address with property definitions such as street, city, zip code, etc. The user can then create another type person that has property definitions such as “name” and home address and business address. The two address property definitions can be represented by the address type, each with the address type's property definitions. Embodiments may further provide the ability to have abstract types and link property types.
US07818342B2	Tracking usage of data elements in electronic business communications A computer program product that is tangibly embodied in an information carrier is described. The computer program product includes instructions that, when executed, perform operations for tracking data elements that are used in electronic documents. The method includes identifying an instance of a data element in a first electronic document comprising one or more data elements, modifying stored information based on the identification of the data element, periodically retrieving the stored information specifying a number of times a data element is used during a time interval, applying a calculation process to the information to determine a usage trend for the data element, and providing a visual display on a display device that shows an identifier for the data element and the usage trend.
US07818339B1	Systems and methods for processing medical data for employment determinations Methods and systems are described for automated processing of medical information for employment determinations. Based on an employment screening procedure for an applicant, medical information queries are automatically generated to provide instructions to medical providers for conducting physical exams and laboratory tests and for retrieving medical records. After medical information is collected according to the queries, the medical information and related requirements codes are displayed to program administrative personnel in a user-friendly format to assist in making an employment determination.
US07818334B2	Query dependant link-based ranking using authority scores Query dependent ranking uses an authority score. A base set is determined as the union of a result set to a received query, an inlinking-set, and an outlinked-set. The inlinking-set is determined by sampling a predetermined number of uniform resource locators (URLs) linking to each result. The outlinked-set is determined by sampling a predetermined number of URLs linked to by each result. A neighborhood graph consists of the vertices of the base set and the edges between the vertices in the base set. An authority score for each URL in the base set is computed using a Stochastic Approach to Link Structure Analysis (SALSA) technique. The authority scores are used to rank the result set.
US07818330B2	Block tracking mechanism for web personalization Described is a technology by which blocks of web pages may be selected, such as for building a user-personalized web page containing selected blocks. A selection mechanism, such as a browser toolbar add-on, provides a user interface for selecting blocks, and records information about selected blocks. A block tracking mechanism (e.g., a daemon program) uses the information to locate selected blocks of the web pages, including when the web page containing the block is updated with respect to content and/or layout. The block tracking mechanism may update a local gadget that when invoked, such as by browsing to a particular web page, which shows updated versions of the block on a personalized web page. Blocks may be efficiently located by processing trees representing web pages into reduced trees, and then by performing a minimum distance mapping algorithm on the reduced trees.
US07818327B2	Method and system for determining conformance of a data key with rules by means of memory lookups A method of comparing unmasked bits of an N-bit data key to an N-bit Rule includes dividing the key into C-bit chunks. Each of the chunks is used as an 5 address to extract from memories 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 32, 33, 34, 41, 42, 43, 44. The memory is preprepared, such that the data stored in the address corresponding to that chunk of the key is 1 or O according to whether a bitwise comparison of that chunk of the data key with the mask is equal to a bitwise comparison of that chunk of the mask and rule. This extracted bit therefore indicates whether the rule is obeyed for that chunk of the data key. The N/C extracted bits for each rule are compared, to determine if the rule is obeyed for the entire data key.
US07818318B2	Method and system for data classification in the presence of a temporal non-stationarity A method and system for determining a feature of a particular pattern are provided. In particular, data records are received, and predetermined patterns that are associated with at least some of the data records are obtained. Using the system and method, particular information is extracted from at least a subset of the received data records, the particular information being indicative of the particular pattern in at least some of the data records. Then, it is determined whether the particular pattern is an unexpected pattern based on the obtained predetermined patterns. In addition, it is possible to classify and reduce data and/or parameters provided in the data records. First, the data records are received. Then, the data records which have at least one particular pattern are classified using a Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines technique. Thereafter, the data and/or parameters of the classified data records are shrunk using a Stein's Estimator Rule technique.
US07818315B2	Re-ranking search results based on query log A system(s) and/or method(s) that facilitate improving the relevance of search results through utilization of a query log. The relevance of the search results for a target query can be judged based on one or more queries in the log that are related to the target query temporally and/or lexically. The diversity of the top-ranked search results can be increased and/or decreased based on an iterative re-ranking process of the search result set.
US07818310B2	Predisposition modification A method and system for predisposition modification are presented in which a set of attributes for selective modification of the attribute profile of an individual are determined to enable the individual to modify their predisposition for acquiring an attribute of interest. The attribute of interest can be input in the form of a query attribute along with a minimum strength of association value which serves as a threshold to ensure that the results will provide at least a minimum degree of statistical certainty that the individual will acquire the attribute of interest upon modifying their attribute profile.
US07818303B2	Web graph compression through scalable pattern mining A method and a processing device are provided for compressing a web graph including multiple nodes and links between the multiple nodes. Nodes of the web graph may be clustered into groups including no more than a predetermined number of nodes. A list of links of the clustered nodes may be created and sorted based on a frequency of occurrence of each of the links. A prefix tree may be created based on the sorted list of links. The prefix tree may be walked to find candidate virtual nodes. The candidate virtual nodes may be analyzed according to a selection criteria and a virtual node may be selected. The prefix tree may be adjusted to account for the selection of the virtual node and the virtual node may be added to the web graph.
US07818294B2	Apparatus, system, and method for implementing an IMS SOAP gateway An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for implementing an Information Management System (IMS) simple object access protocol (SOAP) gateway. The gateway extracts an identifier from a SOAP-based web service request received from a web service client and selects a correlation mapping based on the extracted identifier. The gateway builds a modified web service request, updated with parameters from the correlation mapping. The added parameters allow the gateway to direct the web service request to a specific IMS Connect software product instance, a specific IMS software product instance, a specific IMS application instance, and a specific datastore. The gateway also returns a web service response containing response values related to the original request to the SOAP enabled web service client.
US07818292B2	SQL change tracking layer Systems and methods that track changes in a database via a change tracking layer that enables separation of change tracking and change enumeration. Such an arrangement enables multiple change enumeration and sync technologies over a single change tracking layer, while reducing amount of tracking information that are maintained.
US07818287B2	Storage management system and method and program Disclosed is a storage management system including at least one client, a first server having a primary storage, a second server having a secondary storage, and an intermediate device logically arranged between the client and the first and second servers. The primary storage includes a stub file in which there is recorded the position information of the real file migrated from the primary storage to the secondary storage. The intermediate device exercises control so that, when a file access request of the primary storage of a first server, issued by the client, is received by the intermediate device, the intermediate device receives the file access request and, if the file to be accessed is a stub file, and the access request necessitates accessing to the real file, the intermediate device accesses the real file of the secondary storage using the information of the stub file to return a response.
US07818285B1	System and method of using a sales management system to generate printed products Information stored in a corporate database is monitored and used to determine when certain business-related events have occurred. Event information is transmitted over the Internet to a print production facility, where it is used to fire one or more event rules, which in turn automatically generate print requisitions or print production orders. In one variation, print requisitions are routed through an existing and commercially available procurement system before a print production order is generated. The system can monitor and handle events from multiple corporations, each having its own business-related event rules, and each potentially having its own procurement approval system.
US07818284B1	Method and apparatus for providing cross-benefits via a central authority A controller is in communication with a plurality of vendors that are servicing customers, as well as with a plurality of “subsidizing” vendors seeking access to those customers. The controller receives from a first vendor an indication of one or more items that a customer is to purchase. In response, the controller transmits, on behalf of a subsidizing vendor, an indication of an offer for a subsidy such as a reduction in the customer's purchase price. If the customer accepts the offer, the controller provides an amount of funds from the subsidizing vendor to the first vendor. The controller may also retain a portion of the amount as payment. The controller also facilitates a transaction between the customer and the subsidizing vendor. For example, the customer may be required to sign up for a service (e.g. credit card account service) that is provided by the subsidizing vendor. By having the controller manage such a system by acting between subsidizing vendors and vendors that are servicing customers, a vendor need only communicate with the controller, rather than a plurality of other vendors.
US07818283B1	Service assurance automation access diagnostics A business process automation system architecture is used to isolate problems in a virtual private network access network. Codified rules and a rules based program are used to determine all equipment from a customer premises equipment to a VPN core access point equipment on a VPN access path and that is associated with a failure. The codified rules also govern the gathering of information on the equipment including determining whether the equipment supports automated diagnostics and the communication protocols used. Extended PING testing is done on the equipment and a status of the extended PING test, link status, line protocol status, and existing loop status is determined. Further testing is automatically run based on the codified rules and the status. The failure is then isolated to the CPE, a local exchange carrier, or a network provider.
US07818279B2	Event detection based on evolution of click-through data A method and system for detecting events based on query-page relationships is provided. The event detection system detects events by analyzing occurrences of query-page pairs generated from a user selecting the page of the pair from a search result for the query of the pair. The event detection system may identify semantic and temporal similarity between query-page pairs. The event detection system then identifies clusters of query-page pairs that are semantically and temporally similar.
US07818269B2	Computer postage and mailing tracking labels The present invention provides special purpose label arrangement sets for use with computer-based postage systems to facilitate mailing tracking, sheets of such label arrangement sets, and methods for printing such label arrangement sets.
US07818268B2	System and method for mail verification A system and method is provided for transmitting mail verification data over a wide area network, such as the Internet, in response to receiving and authenticating at least a portion of mail identification (ID) data. In one embodiment of the present invention, a mail verification application is adapted to store at least a verifying portion (e.g., an identifiable code portion, a shipping portion, a recipient portion, etc.) of mail ID data in memory. The mail ID data is then affixed to a mail object. The mail object is then manually delivered to a recipient. At least an authenticating portion of the mail ID data is then provided to a reception device. The reception device, which communicates with the mail ID device over a wide area network, transmits at least the authenticating portion of the mail ID data to the mail verification application operating on the mail ID device. The mail verification application then compares the authenticating portion of the mail ID data with the verifying portion stored in memory. If the authenticating portion of the mail ID data is authenticated, mail verification data is sent to the reception device. In one embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the mail verification data includes authenticating data, securing data, sender data, recipient data, mail-content data, downloadable-product data, sender-web-page data, and/or third-party-web-page data.
US07818267B1	Apparatus, systems and methods for online, multi-carrier, multi-service parcel shipping management determination of ratable weight for multiple carriers The present invention provides apparatus, systems and methods that apply, in response to a request by any particular user of a plurality of users, each Carrier's rules for determining a ratable weight, including calculating a “dimensional weight” according to physical dimensions and weight of a particular parcel, and determining a “billable weight” according to physical dimensions, dimensional weight and actual weight of a particular parcel. The present invention provides apparatus, systems and methods that determine, in response to a request by any particular user of a plurality of users, whether each of the plurality of Carriers supports shipping the particular package. For each of the Carriers that support shipping the particular parcel, the present invention applies the Carrier's parcel shipment pricing rules to the ratable weight of the particular parcel and to other factors regarding the Shipper's shipping requirements in order to determine a price that each Carrier would charge for shipping the particular parcel.
US07818253B2	Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others A method of issuing a purchase card is provided. The method includes the steps of presenting a purchaser with the opportunity to buy the purchase card, determining whether the purchaser has sufficient funds to pay for the purchase card, creating a purchase card account for a recipient designated by the purchaser, and issuing the purchase card. The purchase card may also be issued in connection with another credit card, for example as a rebate for purchases on the credit card. The purchase card may also be converted to a credit card.
US07818252B2	Enforcement of network service level agreements A service level agreement may be imposed by a service provider that may include, e.g., a volume limitation and a bandwidth limitation. One or more limitations of the service level agreement may be enforced or modified in response to a triggering event. For example, a bandwidth limitation on a network subscriber may be enforced or modified based on how much data is consumed by the subscriber.
US07818249B2	Object-oriented method, system and medium for risk management by creating inter-dependency between objects, criteria and metrics A method, system, and medium for assessing and/or managing risks for an organization is described. The method, for example, comprises the steps of inventorying a number of assets of the organization, identifying at least one criterion defining a security objective of the organization, and identifying one or more inventoried assets that relate to the identified criterion. The assets may include one or more computers, networking equipment therefor and physical locations where the computers and networking equipment are located. The method may also include the step of formulating one or more metric equations, each metric equation being defined, in part, by the one or more identified assets. Each metric equation yields an outcome value when one or more measurements are made relating to the identified assets. The method may also include the step of assessing the risk to the organization based on the measured values of the one or more metric equations. Corresponding system, medium and means are also described.
US07818248B2	Network and method for trading derivatives A computer network and method for electronically trading derivatives. The system includes networks and methods where a control or network managing station in the network acts as a facilitator for the market makers and subscribers to make a trade at an Exchange. In another embodiment the network managing station consummates the trade between a market maker and a subscriber by matching binding quotes and orders and clears the trade at an Exchange. The computer network for electronically trading derivative comprises: (a) network managing station; (b) one or more market maker stations; (c) one or more subscriber stations; (d) one or more Exchanges. The network managing station connects market makers and subscribers for making real time indicative quotes, issuing requests for quotes, obtaining binding quotes and wherein the market maker and subscriber are in communication with an Exchange for sending binding quotes and orders to the Exchange for clearing and confirming transactions.
US07818243B1	Displaying strikes between bids and asks in a market over time using polygons A system for displaying strikes between bids and asks in a market over time includes a computer system. The computer system receives data for a plurality of strikes reflecting values specified in the strikes for a plurality of strike variables. The computer system generates a display of the received data. The display includes multiple polygons each representing a strike between a bid and an ask. Each polygon includes multiple contiguous parallelograms each associated with one or more different strike variables. One or more dimensions of each parallelogram each reflecting a value specified in the represented strike for a strike variables associated with the parallelogram. The display includes a strike variable axis representing a range of values for an additional strike variable. Each polygon is positioned with respect to the strike variable axis according to the value specified in the represented strike for the additional strike variable. The display includes a time axis with respect to which each polygon is positioned according to the time at which the represented strike occurred.
US07818240B2	Tax managed buy-write fund A system and method is provided for administering a tax-managed, buy-write investment fund having a plurality of units available for sale to the public. An index representing a first portfolio of assets having desired performance characteristics is identified. A second portfolio of assets is configured to have less than 70 percent overlap therewith. Shares of the second portfolio are purchased, while call options against the index are written.
US07818234B1	System and method for assigning ratings to mutual funds and other investment funds based on the value of various future and option securities The present invention is a system and method for assigning ratings on mutual funds and other investment funds based on values of financial futures for sectors corresponding to the funds. The method combines information on the historical rates of return and variability in the rates of return of the funds with the expected range of future returns for various asset classes as determined by the pricing of futures. The rating for the funds incorporates the range of expected future returns, the variability of past returns, and the level of risk.
US07818231B2	Method to increase collection of debts owed to government A method of increasing the collection of debts owed a government agency by collecting additional names associated with a debtor, verifying that an additional name represents the same person as the debtor, and providing those additional names to the government agency that is owed by the debtor. After the additional names are added, future payments to the debtor can be offset by the amount owed.
US07818230B2	System and method for offering a marketing portal only to clients of a financial institution A marketing portal server comprises a marketing portal website; a client identification engine for confirming that a user is a client of a financial institution; a posting engine for enabling a client to post a directory listing on the marketing portal website; and a directory engine for enabling a client to view at least some of the directory listings on the marketing portal website. The client identification engine may identify a client by client name and ATM pin number. A client enrollment engine may determine subscription information based on client status, and the directory engine may manage directory listings based on the subscription information. An exchange engine may manage an electronic commerce site for clients. A payment engine may perform debits and credits for transactions occurring on the website. A client rating engine may rate clients. Geographic limitations may be imposed on a client or on a directory listing.
US07818229B2	Method for future payment transactions A method for the online modification, submission and approval processing of a future payment request to afford a user the ability to renegotiate established loan agreement debt terms in which network communications are established between a user, such as a debtor, and a server is presented. The method comprises receiving information, at the server, regarding the loan agreement debt terms, presenting received information to a debtor, providing an interactive environment enabling a debtor to modify existing terms, submitting modified terms, processing data from the available information using a rules based engine, and processing a future payment request based on at least one decision made by the rules based engine. While online, the user/debtor may engage in revising a rejected future payment request in an attempt to reach a satisfactory renegotiation of debt terms.
US07818228B1	System and method for managing consumer information Computer implemented method and system for repairing credit of a consumer is provided. The method includes presenting a credit report to the consumer via a user interface displayed at a display device; wherein a computerized system provider that maintains a consumer database with information related to the consumer's credit presents the user interface; providing the consumer with a first option for disputing the negative entry in the credit report directly with a creditor related to the negative entry and a credit bureau; providing the consumer with a second option for initiating an automated debt settlement negotiation with the creditor related to the negative entry; and providing the consumer with a third option for declaring that the consumer's identity has been stolen; wherein the computerized system provider provides the first option, the second option and the third option to the consumer via the user interface.
US07818220B2	Management method for sourced inventory A collaborative inventory management method for managing material inventory sourced by a customer from a plurality of suppliers includes: designating at least one supplier as a steady supplier to the customer; designating at least one second supplier as a lead supplier to the customer; allocating a supply split between the steady supplier and the lead supplier for supplying material to customer over a period of time; providing customer inventory level data (I) and usage forecast data (U) from the customer to the lead supplier; providing a customer shipment schedule to the steady supplier; providing an order create (OC) and ship notice (SN) from the steady supplier to the customer; transforming the (OC) and (SN) to contain selective quantity and date of shipment data (Q/D); sending Q/D data to the lead supplier; and planning by the lead supplier of shipments to manage (I) responsive to actual usage by the customer and shipment of material from the steady supplier to customer and in accordance with the supply split.
US07818219B2	Electronic realty and transaction system and method therein The electronic realty transaction system (ERTS) automates real estate processes and provides web-based accessibility to residential, commercial, and land markets. The system will provide a “one-stop-shop” for all real estate related transactions and will include a detailed tracking and history of customer transactions for the realtors. The system will provide the ability to charge, collect, and track payments for real estate related transactions. ERTS includes an electronic contract generator (ECG) that pulls information from multiple sources and automatically identifies end-user requests for services and ultimately enables a property request (i.e. contract) to be developed using auto populating techniques.
US07818216B2	Transaction system with centralized data storage and authentication A centralized transaction system including a server communicating with client workstations and remote devices. The system includes a server communicating with a terminal, a remote device, and a workstation. Both customers and vendors access the server through a workstation to set up and maintain information on the server and to access historical information relating to transactions. The system is suitable for both on-line transactions and brick-and-mortar store transactions, including convenience transactions. A customer possesses an identification code that is presented to a vendor for a transaction. The vendor sends the identification code to a server, which sends an authentication code to a remote device in possession of the customer. The customer causes the authentication code to be sent to the server, which authenticates the customer for the transaction. The server applies deals previously saved by the customer and the transaction is completed with the server providing previously saved payment information.
US07818206B2	System and method for profiling different users having a common computer identifier A system and method profiles different users having a common terminal identifier in communication system. The system comprises a user activity data analyzer for extracting profile data from user terminal activity data, a user identifier for determining whether the profile data corresponds to a profile data history associated with the user terminal, and a user profile generator for generating a profile data history from the profile data for another user to be associated with the terminal in response to the profile data not corresponding to the profile data history associated with the user terminal. The user activity data analyzer extracts site addresses, URLs, click event data, metadata and other user activity from a session log to compile information useful for assessing a user's interests. This extracted profile data may then be compared to a profile history previously generated and associated with the terminal identifier. A low level of correspondence between the extracted profile data and the profile history associated with the terminal identifier indicates that a different user is generating the user activity data. The user profile generator then builds a profile history from the extracted profile data and associates it with the terminal identifier. The profile histories are provided different user identifiers. Upon subsequent detection of the terminal identifier, the profile data extracted from the user activity is compared to both profile histories to determine which user is navigating the site. Once sufficient profile data has been extracted to determine which profile history corresponds to the extracted data, advertising content that corresponds to the identified user may be selected and included in the content requested by the current user.
US07818194B2	Method and system for posting ideas to a reconfigurable website A method for automatically reconfiguring a webpage is provided. The web page may include a plurality of sections, and each section may include at least one aspect related to a particular topic, such as customer support and an option for casting a vote for a topic posted. A vote may be received vote for at least one of the plurality of sections. A Total Qualitative Management Criterion (TQMC) may be determined for each section of the website. An increasing function of time may be applied to newer votes to enable relative weightings of older votes to diminish over time without requiring computing a decaying time function to determine weightings for each vote. The webpage may be reconfigured based on ranking the sections according to the TQMC for each section.
US07818191B2	Receiving a request to reserve a service Methods and corresponding system are provided herewith that, in at least one embodiment, include the act or acts of: receiving a request to reserve a service that is provided by a restaurant. The request to reserve is for a particular time and a particular date and the service comprises at least one of: (i) preparing a consumable good that is consumed at the restaurant's location; (ii) preparing a consumable good that is received at the restaurant's location; or (iii) preparing a consumable good that is delivered to a location external to the restaurant's location. The methods and system also include comparing the particular time requested with a schedule associated with the restaurant. The schedule comprises a list of times that are available for reservation. The methods and system also include determining an availability of the request to reserve; and outputting an indicia that the request to reserve the service has been accepted or denied.
US07818182B2	Endoscope management system A web-based endoscope management system and method for managing, scheduling and tracking in real-time the processing of endoscopy equipment in a single site or across multiple sites. The system allows various useful information relating to the managed endoscopy equipment and its processing history (such as equipment status, equipment movement, equipment repair history, cost and procedural efficiencies, what individuals have processed or come into contact with the equipment) to be tracked and analyzed. The system incorporates a user display and prompt to assist users in following the proper processing and cleaning protocols (preparation, pre-cleaning, automated reprocessing, repair, etc.) for the equipment. The system uses a color-coded display so that pertinent information can be seen at a glance. This system is used in conjunction with a suitable color-coded labeling scheme to reduce the possibility that users will process the wrong equipment or improperly store it.
US07818176B2	System and method for selecting and presenting advertisements based on natural language processing of voice-based input A system and method for selecting and presenting advertisements based on natural language processing of voice-based inputs is provided. A user utterance may be received at an input device, and a conversational, natural language processor may identify a request from the utterance. At least one advertisement may be selected and presented to the user based on the identified request. The advertisement may be presented as a natural language response, thereby creating a conversational feel to the presentation of advertisements. The request and the user's subsequent interaction with the advertisement may be tracked to build user statistical profiles, thus enhancing subsequent selection and presentation of advertisements.
US07818175B2	System and method for report level confidence A system and method is disclosed for Report Confidence Modeling (RCM) including automatic adaptive classification of ASR output documents to determine the most efficient document edit workflow to convert dictation into finished output. The RCM according to the present invention may include a mechanism to predict recognition accuracy of a document generated by an ASR engine. Predicted accuracy of the document allows an ASR application to sort recognized documents based on their estimated accuracy or quality and route them appropriately for further processing, editing and/or formatting.
US07818171B2	Speech recognition apparatus and speech recognition program A speech recognition apparatus includes a storage medium for storing tree structured dictionary data containing words as nodes in a tree structure with a root and leaf nodes. An input speech is compared with a forward acoustic model corresponding to a speech resulting from chronologically reproducing words indicated by nodes for leaf nodes. A backward speech is further compared with a backward acoustic model. The backward speech is generated by reproducing the input speech in chronologically backward order. The backward acoustic model corresponds to a speech resulting from reproducing a word string toward the root in chronologically backward order. The comparison is performed in the backward order of a sequence starting from one of separator nodes. The speech recognition apparatus thereby outputs a word string that highly likely matches the input speech.
US07818159B2	Intelligent system and method for monitoring generator reactive power limit using machine model parameters Disclosed herein are an intelligent system and method for monitoring a generator reactive power limit using machine model parameters. The intelligent system and method for monitoring a generator reactive power limit using machine model parameters can calculate a maximum reactive power limit corresponding to over-excitation and a generator terminal voltage corresponding to under-excitation, estimate a correct field current even when system variable are changed, and monitor the generator reactive power limit by using machine model parameters and a one-machine infinite bus, to thereby supply a maximum or minimum reactive power to a power system within an allowable generator reactive power limit and prevent a generator trip caused by the reactive power limit and a power failure over a wide area.
US07818158B2	Method for symbolic simulation of circuits having non-digital node voltages In a computer simulation of an analog device in a digital circuit, a piece-wise linear lookup table is used to determine the channel resistance of the transistors in the analog device, allowing the node voltages to take on non-digital values. The piece-wise linear lookup table contains a set of channel resistances corresponding respectively to gate-to-source voltages. The program uses multi-terminal binary decision graphs (MTBDDs) to represent non-digital resistances, capacitances and voltages in the circuit as a function of symbolic inputs. The program can analyze circuits containing more than two voltage sources by modeling voltage sources with voltage dividers between the maximum and minimum voltages in the circuit.
US07818153B2	System and method for constraining a graphical hand from penetrating simulated graphical objects Movement of a graphical hand is constrained when the physical hand controlling the graphical hand does not have a similar physical constraint. An analysis of a revolute-joint-link-spring model in which an uncompressed/unextended spring position represents the corresponding measured joint angle or link position is used. Linear springs, non-linear springs, or the like may be employed to obtain the desired result of allowing a graphical joint or link to deviate from what the corresponding measured joint or link provides. If a graphical hand configuration causes a portion of the hand to penetrate a simulated graphical solid object, a mathematical determination is used to compute modified joint and link positions such that the graphical hand part will no longer penetrate the solid object. Such a constraint technique may include solving a spring model such that the various joint and link springs compress or extend to produce modified joint and link positions.
US07818152B2	Computerized method and system for maturity assessment of business processes A computer implemented method and system for comparative analysis of business processes, in particular for process maturity evaluation. A process vitality index (PVI) is mapped onto a binary decision tree that provides unambiguous, YES/NO questions at its nodes. A user is guided by these questions. The tree provides the minimum required steps for an evaluation based on common process characteristics. At least two of the nodes of the binary decision tree are interlinked in view of interdependencies between categories to enforce specific YES/NO inputs and thus provide an automated consistency check at each node.
US07818143B2	Activity recording module The invention refers to a system of recording the activities carried out by an individual person during specific time intervals. This system will normally be on an electronic device, but the initial method of recording may be paper-based. This system involves recording activity and associated attributes as a function of time on a grid, using lines to define the activity recorded in each grid interval. The invention is an intuitive data entry system, principally but not exclusively via touchscreen. The system will preferably be deployed on a handheld digital device with touchscreen entry capability. The activity recording system may also record values, attributes or files associated with specific time intervals. It may generate charts, tables, alerts and reminders. It may synchronize with other devices and applications and may import or export data from them.
US07818132B2	Test system A test system for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a biological fluid sample comprises: a plurality of test members (16) in a container (10), each test member (16) including reagent means for indicating the catalytic activity of an enzyme when in the presence of a biological fluid containing an analyte acted upon by the enzyme; 0 a test meter (2) for receiving a test member (16), the meter (2) having circuitry for performing a measurement on a test member received therein to produce a measured physical value, means for determining an analyte concentration value for a specified biological fluid from said measured physical value, and means (4) for indicating a determined analyte concentration value; a Container RFID tag (14) associated with the container (10) which includes data specific to said plurality of test members (16); and a Patient RFID tag (28) which includes data specific to a patient; and wherein said test meter (2) includes means for reading and storing data from said Container RFID tag (14) and from said Patient RFID tag (28).
US07818125B2	Move guidance device, system, method, program and recording medium storing the program that displays a code containing map scale rate and position information Based on a transfer request from a portable terminal though an input operation or communication, a two-dimensional code is generated, the code containing information of a scale rate of map information for guidance displayed on the in-vehicle terminal and a current position of a vehicle. The two-dimensional code is displayed on a terminal display unit together with a region of the map information corresponding to a region to be displayed on the portable terminal. When the portable terminal captures the two-dimensional code with an image pickup unit, the portable terminal recognizes the scale rate and the current position with a code analyzer, receives a region of the map information corresponding to the scale rate and containing at least the current position from the server unit and displays the information on the portable terminal display unit. The map information can be continuously displayed on a separate terminal in a similar manner without giving a user a feeling of strangeness, so that the user can obtain guidance well.
US07818122B2	Navigation device, method and program A navigation device, method, and program provides output information on service facilities that exist on a road such as an expressway. A display provides a map in a general road display mode that includes facilities such as general roads, family restaurants, and convenience stores, and also can display a highway mode. The highway mode can be a predetermined expressway display mode which displays expressways and facilities on the expressways, and combines a single map focusing mainly on expressways so that the expressways can be easily recognized along with vehicle moving images. A searching and outputting portion searches for a predetermined number of facility information items of a desired type of element facility from the road map data in accordance with a provided predetermined operation, and outputs the information items when the present location is in the expressway display mode, and an element facility exists ahead on the expressway.
US07818116B1	Presenting a travel route in a ground-based vehicle Techniques are provided for displaying a map for a route in a ground-based vehicle. The map includes a variable road network map showing finer detail for geographic features near the route and less detail for geographic features farther from the route. The map is displayed based on the travel direction of the ground-based vehicle.
US07818109B2	Methods and apparatus for securing an active vehicle seat A method for operating an active vehicle seat in a vehicle includes detecting a triggering event related to a security threat to the active vehicle seat. An operation of the active vehicle seat is disabled in response to the detected triggering event. The operation of the active vehicle seat is enabled by providing authentication of an authorized user.
US07818103B2	Test method and system for dynamic positioning systems A test system and method for a marine vessel dynamic positioning system comprising a control system (2) arranged for receiving real measurement signals (7) from sensors (8) and for output of control signals (13) to actuators (16, 17, 18). The test system comprises a signal modifying computer (80) arranged for receiving real measurement signals (7), modifying the real measurement signals (7) into modified measurement signals (70) that depend on real values of the real measurement signals (7), and sending the modified measurement signals (70) to the control system (2), wherein the modified measurement signals (70) replaces the real measurement signals (7), so as for enabling testing of the control system (2) on errors represented by the modified measurement signals (70).
US07818098B2	System and method for provisioning a vehicle interface module The present invention provides systems and methods for provisioning a vehicle interface module comprising receiving a VIM from a VIM manufacturer and entering appropriate VIM data into a dealer inventory, activating a SIM card for the VIM and installing the VIM in a predetermined vehicle, selecting a wireless activated VIM from the dealer inventory and connecting the VIM to an OBD-II port of the vehicle, connecting a configuration PC to the VIM and downloading a modem configuration, selecting and downloading a vehicle-specific configuration file, accessing a telematics services provider's web portal, entering appropriate vehicle data, and associating the vehicle with the VIM, installing the VIM in the predetermined vehicle, and conducting an installation verification test.
US07818095B2	Water heater monitor/diagnostic display apparatus A water heater is provided with monitor/diagnostic display apparatus that selectively provides a user with visual or other type of indicia of the remaining hot water availability of, the recovery time for, and the overall efficiency of the water heater. The apparatus includes a monitoring unit that may be mounted on the water heater, and a display unit that may be mounted either on the water heater or remotely therefrom.
US07818093B2	Controlling fluid regulation Fluid regulation control may be accomplished by a variety of systems, devices, and techniques. In one application, a fluid regulation control device may include a processor, a fluid control assembly, and a power source. The processor may be adapted to generate a command for controlling a fluid regulator and to adjust a power condition of the device, which may include a low power mode and a high power mode. The device may consume substantially less power in the low power mode than in the high power mode. The fluid control assembly may include a transducer, which may receive a control fluid and adjust it in response to the command during the high power mode. The fluid control assembly may also maintain the adjusted control fluid at a substantially constant value during the low power mode.
US07818089B2	System and method for designing and producing confectionary arrangement Confectionary image design system including a graphical user interface through which a user defines a pattern of confectionary pieces to be arranged on a substrate. A computer processor controls the graphical user interface through which the user defines the pattern, and provides instructions for arranging the confectionary pieces in the defined pattern. A container retains the confectionary pieces used to form the defined pattern. A robot receives from the computer processor the instructions for arranging the confectionary pieces, retrieves the confectionary pieces stored in the container, and arranges the pieces on the substrate in the pattern defined by the user.
US07818084B2	Methods and systems for making a blood vessel sleeve Methods, apparatuses, computer program products, devices and systems are described that include accepting one or more blood vessel sleeve dimensions based on blood vessel data from an individual; and making a rapid-prototyped blood vessel sleeve at least partly based on the one or more blood vessel sleeve dimensions.
US07818082B2	Method and apparatus for planning a manufacturing schedule using an adaptive learning process An apparatus and method for a production planning system using a process of adaptive learning is disclosed. A production planning system receives, production objects wherein each production object has at least one attribute. In one embodiment, the production objects include information relating to product to be manufactured. After receipt of production objects, multiple preference scores according to the attributes of the production objects are calculated. In one embodiment, each preference score represents desirability of transition from manufacturing a first object to a second object. The system subsequently identifies a suggested production plan which includes a sequence order of two or more objects in response to the preference scores. In one embodiment, the planning preferences are updated or modified by an adaptive learning system in response to adjustments of the suggested production plant by a planner.
US07818076B2	Method and apparatus for multi-system remote surgical navigation from a single control center A system and method are provided for performing remote surgical navigation in multiple systems from a single control center, where there are at least two remote navigation systems in separate procedure rooms having respective control computers. The system includes a Control Center separate from each procedure room that has a set of displays and interface input devices. A switch may also be included for connecting the Control Center to the set of displays, interface input devices, and remote navigation systems. A method is provided for performing multiple simultaneous remote medical procedures that includes displaying information transmitted from a remote navigation system to the Control Center, and accepting user input from a remote navigation system. The method provides for establishing an encryption key with the remote system, converting the user input to a script data and encrypting the data. The transmitted script command is then transmitted to the remote navigation system.
US07818075B2	Automated programming system employing non-text user interface An automated programming system that includes configuring the automated programming system to include an input module, a programming module, and an output module. Employing a non-text user interface system for real-time representation of the input module, the programming module and the output module.
US07818074B2	Methods to select golden devices for device model extractions Methods for selecting one or more golden devices on a golden wafer that exhibit a smooth length and width scaling behavior. Test devices of differing geometry and carried on different chips of the golden wafer are screened with single point measurements of electrical performance. Based upon a statistical analysis of these single point measurements, chips are selected that carry the respective golden device of each given geometry that exhibits optimum electrical performance referenced to a selection criterion. Golden devices identified by the selection process are extensively characterized with a more comprehensive electrical measurement. The parameters derived from these more extensive test measurements on the golden devices are then used for refining a device model for a circuit simulation.
US07818067B2	Cryptographic authentication for telemetry with an implantable medical device Integrity of a wirelessly telemetered message communicated between an implantable medical device and an external programmer is authenticated by encoding the message. The message is encrypted based on a random number or time stamp and a secret key. The message is authenticated by encryption and decryption or by executing a hash function.
US07818066B1	Remote status and control device for a cochlear implant system A hand-held remote unit functions as both a remote status device and a control device for a cochlear implant system. When placed near the headpiece of a cochlear implant system, the remote unit monitors the forward telemetry signals transmitted between an external sound processor, e.g., a behind-the-ear (BTE) sound processor, and an implanted unit, thereby providing the remote unit with the ability to output status information regarding the implant system. The remote unit may also generate a back telemetry signal that when properly received by the sound processor causes a forward telemetry signal to be generated that controls the implant unit.
US07818058B2	Automated ECG lead impedance measurement integrated into ECG gating circuitry The present invention relates to a system and method for determining the impedance of an electrode at the electrode-body interface. The electrode-body impedance of one of the electrodes may be calculated using the voltage difference between that electrode and a plurality of other electrodes, and the voltage and impedance of an alternating current generator in communication with the electrodes.
US07818049B2	ECG signal processor and method An ECG signal processing system which removes the CPR-induced artifact from measured ECG signals obtained during the administration of CPR.
US07818048B2	Catheter and method for mapping a pulmonary vein A catheter particularly useful for mapping tubular regions of or near the heart is provided. The catheter comprises a catheter body and a mapping assembly mounted at the distal end of the catheter body. The mapping assembly comprises at least two spines, each spine carrying at least one electrode and having a proximal end attached at the distal end of the catheter body and free distal end. The mapping assembly is moveable between an expanded arrangement, in which each spine extends radially outward from the catheter body, and a collapsed arrangement in which each spine is disposed generally along an axis of the catheter body. In use, the distal end of the catheter is introduced into the tubular region, and the mapping assembly is positioned so that at least one electrode from each spine contacts tissue within the tubular region. Electrical data received from the electrode(s) is then recorded.
US07818041B2	System and method for efficient diagnostic analysis of ophthalmic examinations A digital medical diagnostic system according to the present invention enables ophthalmologists to view patient and other images remotely to diagnose various conditions. The system includes at least one modality, one or more viewing stations, and an image server. The modality generates patient images associated with examinations, while the image server retrieves and processes information from the modalities. The image server may accommodate modalities utilizing different interfaces and/or formats. The viewing stations enable remote access to the images via a network (e.g., Internet), where the image server provides the interface for a user in the form of screens or web pages for security and viewing of information. The system enables an ophthalmologist or other medical personnel to view and/or manipulate one or more images to enhance diagnosis of patient examinations.
US07818030B2	Camera-equipped wireless communications terminal, and clock signal supply method A camera-equipped wireless communications terminal includes: a communications unit for communicating with a wireless base station by selective use of one of a plurality of FDD communications methods, each having a different gap between a transmission frequency band and a reception frequency band; a camera module for receiving a clock signal and performing image capture; and a clock supplying unit for varying a frequency of the clock signal depending on the selected FDD communications method and supplying the clock signal to the camera module.
US07818027B2	Portable terminal and apparatus and method for driving the same A portable terminal is capable of large screen display and includes an apparatus for driving the same. The portable terminal includes a first display panel unit for displaying a first image, a second display panel unit for displaying a second image, a first and a second trajectory discs being positioned opposite each other at one side of the first display panel unit and formed with a plurality of trajectory grooves at one side thereof, and a folding slide door unit combined between the first display panel unit and the second display panel unit. The folding slide door unit is formed with guide protrusions respectively so as to be slidably inserted into the trajectory grooves of the first and the second trajectory discs at both lateral sides thereof, and includes a plurality of slide doors so as to be slidably folded along the trajectory grooves.
US07818020B1	System and method for joining communication groups Systems and methods for supporting group communications are provided. A group list management server (GLMS) stores communications group definitions in documents, such as extensible mark-up language (XML) documents. The communications group can include communication addresses for different types of communication applications, including electronic mail, voice telephone, data, instant messaging, voice dispatch, short messaging service (SMS), and multimedia service (MMS). Various methods for joining communications groups are provided.
US07818015B2	Method of determining optimal cell configuration based upon determined device location A configuration device for configuring a wireless device within a wireless cell can include a receiving unit configured to receive a request message from a wireless device within a wireless cell. In addition, the configuration device can include a first processing unit configured to determine location information of the wireless device, and a second processing unit configured to determine a communication capacity of the wireless device, and to estimate a communication requirement based on the request message. Furthermore, the configuration device can have a transmitting unit configured to transmit optimal information to the wireless device with respect to the request message.
US07818014B2	Wireless communication system, access point and wireless station composing the wireless communication system, and communication load balancing method for access point To reduce load on an access point even if a large number of wireless stations are located very close to the access point. An access point detects a communication load value (S1 and S2) and reports it to wireless stations (S3). The access point waits for a predetermined time after the transmission of the communication load value (5) and detects a communication load value again (S6 and S7). The access point determines whether the first communication load value is larger than a predetermined value K (S4) and whether the second communication load value is larger than K (S8). If the first and second communication load values are larger than K, the access point outputs a warning output command instructing the wireless stations to output a warning prompting their users to move away from their current locations (S9).
US07818013B2	Downlink channel parameters determination for a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system Embodiments of methods and apparatus for providing downlink channel parameters determination for downlink channels associated with a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.
US07818010B2	Methods and apparatus for allocating resources in a distributed environment Methods and apparatus are provided for allocating resources in a distributed environment. The disclosed resource allocation techniques make resource allocation decisions when resources become available. A resource becomes available when the resource completes its previous work or becomes activated. Once it is determined that a resource has become available, the available resource is assigned to an appropriate request. The requests may be stored, for example, in a queue of requests. The available resource may be assigned to an appropriate request based on one or more predefined criteria, such as to service a request associated with a service class having the “greatest need.” The resources may be, for example, a plurality of call agents that are associated with a call center.
US07818004B2	Mobile network device multi-link optimizations Methods and apparatus for performing optimizations for a mobile network device such as a Mobile Node or Mobile Router supporting multiple links to a Home Agent (or Correspondent Node in a Mobile IPv6 environment) are disclosed. During the registration process, link characteristics are transmitted in the registration request. From the link characteristics, it is possible to determine whether the mobile network device has roamed from a high to a low bandwidth link, or vice versa. A first set of optimizations may be performed when the mobile network device has roamed from a high to a low bandwidth link, while a second set of optimizations may be performed when the mobile network device has roamed from a low to a high bandwidth link. Some optimizations may be performed during the establishment of a TCP session, while others may be performed during or upon completion of the Mobile IP registration process.
US07817997B2	Redirection of IP-connected radio base station to correct control node Methods and apparatus enable a femto radio base station (28f), initially connected to a first or default radio network controller node (261), to be redirected/reconnected to a second or correct radio network controller node (262) for use as an active radio network controller node for the femto radio base station (28f). The redirection/reconnection is accomplished by using location-indicative information obtained from a user equipment unit (30) which is in radio communication with the femto radio base station (28f). The technique of redirection is particularly valuable when the femto radio base station (28f) does not have its own receiver for ascertaining the radio access network (RAN) environment.
US07817987B2	Apparatus and method for handling messaging service message adaptation A method and apparatus for handling messaging service message adaptation. An original message is received from an originating communication device, the original message based on a wireless communication message protocol, the original message being of a first message type. The original message is modified according to preferences of a message recipient communication device to generate a second message of a second message type. The second message is sent to the message recipient communication device. The original message is sent to an alternate message recipient based on the original message being modified.
US07817985B2	Electronic transaction service in a mobile communication network A mobile communication terminal wirelessly coupled to at least one mobile communication network comprising a memory for storing user payment information; a first modem for communicating over a first mobile communication network to provide the user payment information to the memory; a second modem for a communicating over a second mobile communication network to read the user payment information from the memory, when performing an electronic transaction over the second mobile communication network; and a transmitter for transmitting the user payment information in a wireless data format, wherein power applied to the first modem is changed from a first state to a second state after providing the user payment information to the memory.
US07817981B2	System and method for deploying application programs A communication system includes a development sector for registering a plurality of wireless devices, a business sector for controlling utilization of an application program and for receiving application data, a service sector for deploying the application program and for providing the application data to the business sector in accordance with communication with at least one wireless device of the plurality; and a mobile sector comprising the plurality of wireless devices, each device for receiving the application program deployed by the service sector, executing the application program in response to the business sector, and communicating with the service sector to support provision of the application data to the business sector. The wireless device, such as a cell phone, personal digital assistant, or palm top computer may include an auxiliary device such as a bar code scanner, a magnetic stripe card reader, or a printer. The business sector or service sector may monitor or limit utilization of the auxiliary device. Deployment of application programs may be controlled by the business sector or the development sector by rendering an application program or auxiliary device available for use only after a particular time or after receipt of a message. Distributed processing application programs having components in the business, service, and mobile sectors may thereby be updated in an orderly manner. An application program on a wireless device may assist confirmation of an order made by a buyer via a web site. The wireless device is expected to be operated by the buyer. Fraud reporting is accomplished by comparing data obtained by registration of the wireless device with data provided in the confirmation.
US07817977B1	Configurable signal generator A method of generating an output signal comprises receiving an input signal, mixing the input signal with a reference signal having a reference frequency to obtain an intermediate frequency signal having an intermediate frequency, filtering the intermediate frequency signal using a filter having a filter characteristic that is configured according to the intermediate frequency and performing frequency translation on the filtered intermediate frequency signal to obtain the output signal.
US07817965B2	Scanner with auxiliary non-volatile memory A radio receiver having a plurality of features programmable by a user, the data relating to the programmable features defining a set-up configuration. The radio receiver includes a housing and an auxiliary memory disposed within the housing which stores a plurality of set-up configurations. A working memory is also disposed within the housing and is configured to store the set-up configuration in use by the radio receiver.
US07817962B2	Polar transmitter amplifier with variable output power Various embodiments are disclosed relating to wireless systems, and also relating to transmitter amplifiers, such as, for example, polar transmitter amplifiers with variable output power. According to an example embodiment, a circuit is provided including a plurality of selectable amplifier cells. Each amplifier cell may receive a phase or frequency modulated signal and an amplitude modulated signal. Each amplifier cell may output a signal based upon a combination of the received amplitude modulated signal and the received phase or frequency modulated signal if the amplifier cell is selected. The circuit may provide a variable output current or output power based upon the selection of one or more of the amplifier cells.
US07817954B2	Cleaning unit, image carrier unit including same, and image forming apparatus including same A cleaning unit, providable to an image carrier unit or an image forming apparatus, includes a cleaning member disposed in contact with a target member to electrically remove residual toner from the target member, an elastic blade disposed in contact with the target member upstream from the cleaning member, a blade supporting member, a blade power source, and a conductive member that is more conductive than the elastic blade, and electrically connects the blade supporting member and the elastic blade. The conductive member is disposed so that an edge part of the conductive member is closer to where the elastic blade contacts the target member than an edge part of the blade supporting member.
US07817951B2	Cleaning member and image forming apparatus using the same A cleaning member for cleaning the toner remaining on the outer peripheral surface of a heat roller that fixes an unfixed developer image formed on a sheet of paper onto the paper by heating under pressure, includes: a mesh portion having a predetermined mesh in the area abutting the heat roller. The mesh portion is formed of heat resistant wires.
US07817949B2	Intermediate transfer belt for image-forming apparatuses The present invention provides an intermediate transfer belt allowing formation of a high-quality toner image.The present invention relates to an intermediate transfer belt having at least one resin layer that is wound around at least a pair of supporting shafts, for receiving a toner image transferred from a photosensitive member, the resin layer comprising a carbon black dispersed in a base resin material, the carbon black having a number-average particle size of Feret's diameter of 5 to 300 nm and containing primary particles in an amount of 5% or more on a number basis.
US07817948B2	Image forming apparatus and control method of image forming apparatus This invention enables an image forming apparatus to perform highly precise misregistration detection without causing increased downtime or increased cost. For this, the image forming apparatus according to the invention comprises a detection unit for detecting a misregistration detection pattern formed on an endless belt. The employed misregistration detection pattern includes a first pattern array formed with a misregistration detection color or a reference position color, and a second pattern array formed with a misregistration detection color or a reference position color. The misregistration detection pattern is configured in a way that the first pattern and the second pattern have different shapes, and that the color order of the first patterns in the first pattern array and the color order of the second patterns in the second pattern array are different.
US07817944B2	Powder-delivering device for toner cartridge A powder-delivering device includes a tapered shell received in a toner cartridge near an outlet of the toner cartridge. The tapered shell has a transection area becoming smaller gradually toward the outlet of the toner cartridge. The tapered shell has an outer surface having at least one projection or at least one recess. The projection of the tapered shell has a spiral or linear shape. The projection has an end, which is remote from the outlet of the toner cartridge, stopped against an inner wall of the toner cartridge. Thus, the powder-delivering device of the invention has simple structure and low product costs.
US07817926B2	Image forming apparatus and optional sheet feeding device An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming apparatus main body including an image forming unit that forms an image on a sheet, a detachable main body sheet feeding tray that holds the sheet and a sheet feeding unit that feeds the sheet from the main body sheet feeding tray toward the image forming unit; an optional sheet feeding device that is capable of being added on a lower side of the main body sheet feeding tray and feeds the sheet toward the image forming unit, the optional sheet feeding device having a first detector that detects whether or not the main body sheet feeding tray is attached to a proper position; and a controller that controls operations of the image forming apparatus main body and the optional sheet feeding device based on a detection result of the first detector.
US07817924B2	Rate adjustable differential phase shift key (DPSK) modulation In a fixed delay optical communication system, rate adjustable differential phase shift key (DPSK) techniques eliminate the need for multiple comparing modules, each corresponding to a different data rate. Setting alternative data rates at integer multiples of the fundamental data rate of the optical communication system allows the system to process the respective integer number of symbols per period of the system, wherein the period of the system is the inverse of the fundamental data rate. Pulse carving techniques may be used to set the duty cycle of clock levels associated with a clock signal. The clock levels may be combined with respective symbols to provide optical symbols having a duty cycle less than 100%.
US07817919B1	Method for transmission of data packets by means of an optical burst switching network and network nodes for an optical burst switching network There is described a transmission in a burst switching network, whereby data packets are collected to form a burst which is provided with a header. A loop-free common control channel is provided in the optical burst switching network to which all network nodes have access. Headers are transmitted by the loop-free control channel such that a header is distributed virtually in parallel to all network nodes and processed virtually in parallel in the network nodes.
US07817913B2	Flash lamp assembly and portable electronic device using same A flash lamp assembly used in a portable electronic device (100) is described including a supporting member (3) and a flash lamp (4). The portable electronic device includes a printed circuit board (2). The supporting member is mounted on the printed circuit board. The flash lamp is secured on the supported member and supported by the supporting member above the printed circuit board.
US07817911B2	Photographic method and apparatus A photographic method for slow synchro-flash photography conducted by firing a flash at a slow shutter speed, comprising the steps of: starting exposure with a focusing lens placed at an arbitrary position, and moving the focusing lens to such a position as to focus on a main subject, just before the flash is fired.
US07817897B2	Method for recording AV data, AV data recording apparatus, data recording medium, program and program recording medium An original stream file and an after-recording data file are managed as different files. In the original stream file, data is made up of sets of partial data (CU) divided in accordance with a predetermined interval. Likewise, in the after-recording data file, data is made up of sets of partial data (CA) divided in accordance with a predetermined interval. These sets of data are recorded onto a disc such that the after-recorded data (CA) is recorded in a region adjacent to a relevant original stream (CU). This allows reproduction and real-time after-recording with the use of a general MPEG-2 PS/TS decoder. Moreover, this allows realization of data recording that causes less interruption of reproduction when non-destructive editing is carried out with respect to an after-recorded result.
US07817891B2	Method for accessing optical fibers within a telecommunication cable Disclosed is a method accessing one or more optical fibers in a telecommunication cable in a way that considerably reduces the risk of damaging the optical fibers. To avoid inadvertent damage caused by a cutting tool, the method includes moving optical fibers and/or micromodules away from the area on the cable that is to be cut.
US07817888B2	Bragg grating elements for optical devices Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing three-dimensional Bragg grating elements. The method for manufacturing three-dimensional Bragg gratings may include forming a first Bragg grating element using a pair of recording beams. The method may also include using a single recording beam to replicate the first Bragg grating element to form a second Bragg grating element.
US07817886B2	Optical waveguide for touch panel and touch panel using the same An optical waveguide for a touch panel which eliminates the need for alignment between the optical waveguide and a lens device, and a touch panel using the same. An end portion of a light-emitting core for emitting light beams and an end portion of a light-receiving core for receiving emitted light beams are formed as first and third lens portions so as to protrude from edge portions of an over cladding layer and to be exposed to outside air. The first and third lens portions have lens surfaces which bulge outwardly. The over cladding layer includes second and fourth lens portions formed as extensions of the over cladding layer and corresponding to the first and third lens portions, with the second and fourth lens portions spaced apart from the lens surfaces of the first and third lens portions. The second and fourth lens portions have lens surfaces which bulge outwardly.
US07817885B1	Stepped light collection and concentration system, components thereof, and methods A light guide includes a light guide layer having a transversely oriented side-end surface that forms a primary output aperture (exit) for light traveling in a forward propagation direction out of the end surface of the light guide (for, e.g., CPV applications) and, which forms a primary input aperture (entrance) for light traveling in a rearward propagation direction into the end surface of the light guide (for, e.g., illuminator applications), and a first plurality of light injection elements stepped (staggered) in a forward light propagation direction in a first plane along lines parallel to the side-end surface or clocked (tilted) about a y-axis in a z-axis-light propagation direction in a respective first plane, wherein the light injection elements are disposed along parallel lines normal to the side-end surface. The light guide component may further comprise at least a second plurality of light injection elements stepped in at least second plane. A light guide system includes a component light guide, a lenslet array disposed adjacent a top surface of the light guide, and a light-transmitting, TIR medium layer disposed immediately adjacent at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the light guide.
US07817882B2	Etched-facet semiconductor optical component with integrated end-coupled waveguide and methods of fabrication and use thereof An optical apparatus comprises: a semiconductor substrate; a semiconductor optical device integrally formed on the substrate and having an off-normal device end face; and a low-index planar optical waveguide integrally formed on the semiconductor substrate at the device end face. The device and waveguide are non-collinear, and the waveguide is end-coupled at its proximal end to the optical device by refraction at the device end face. The apparatus further includes a reflective coating between the waveguide and substrate, an etched end face curved in the horizontal dimension, or an etched end face with a lower portion that protrudes beneath a proximal portion of the waveguide.
US07817881B2	Circuit architecture for electro-optic modulation based on free carrier dispersion effect and the waveguide capacitor structures for such modulator circuitry using CMOS or Bi-CMOS process New circuit architecture for electro-optic modulator based on free-carrier dispersion effect is invented, in which the waveguide capacitor of the modulator is embed in the circuits and physically layout together with transistors, the switching of the modulator occurs in transistors, and as the result, the electro-optical modulation occurs in the waveguide capacitor. The invented modulator is not one physical device, it is actually a circuit. Several circuit design techniques are imported, leading to several new modulator circuits that have very high operation speed and very small power consumption. Several new waveguide capacitor structures are also invented that allow high efficient modulator circuits to be built.
US07817875B2	Image processing apparatus and method, recording medium, and program An image processing apparatus including a contrast detector that detects a contrast intensity of a pixel in a first image; a flat-intensity detector that detects a flat intensity of the pixel; an edge-intensity detector that detects an edge intensity of the pixel; a flat-weight setter that sets a flat weight for the pixel; an edge-weight setter that sets an edge weight for the pixel; an attenuator that attenuates components in a predetermined frequency band of the first image to form a second image; a first combiner that combines the first and second images to form a third image using weights based on the flat weight; an edge enhancer that enhances edges in the third image to form a fourth image; and a second combiner that combines the first and fourth images using weights based on the edge weight.
US07817855B2	System and method for detecting text in real-world color images A method and apparatus for detecting text in real-world images comprises calculating a cascade of classifiers, the cascade comprising a plurality of stages, each stage including one or more weak classifiers, the plurality of stages organized to start out with classifiers that are most useful for ruling out non-text regions, and removing regions classified as non-text regions from the cascade prior to completion of the cascade, to further speed up processing.
US07817851B2	Color fidelity metric Various embodiments employ methods and techniques to determine if color reproduction by a device produces or may potentially produce objectionable or unacceptable color-related phenomena. The methods and techniques, in at least some embodiments, can analyze trends in color reproduction to detect artifacts that may indicate objectionable or unacceptable color-related phenomena.
US07817846B2	Method of correcting bonding coordinates using reference bond pads A method of correcting bonding coordinates according to locations of a die and leads loaded for bonding is provided. The method includes searching for locations of die recognition areas and lead recognition areas, comparing the detected locations of the recognition areas, and correcting bonding coordinates of the die and the leads according to the result obtained by the comparison; and if a search for the locations of the die recognition areas fails, searching for reference bond pads, comparing locations of the detected reference bond pads with setting locations, and correcting bonding coordinates of a die and leads to be bonded according to the result obtained by the comparison.
US07817841B2	Time-lapse cell cycle analysis of unstained nuclei The present invention provides a cell imaging technique for automatically tracking the progression of a cell through the cell cycle over time through segmentation of a volume of two-dimensional time-lapse images. The technique allows long-term tracking of the cell cycle progression of an individual cell or multiple cells. Further, the invention provides a unique display of cell cycle progression, allowing an end user to easily determine changes to cell cycle progression for a cell of interest.
US07817836B2	Methods for volumetric contouring with expert guidance An efficient method and system of contouring target volumes and normal tissues at risk using an expert case as interactive tutorial reference for radiation therapy treatment plan is disclosed. Target volume contours based on guidance from a disease-matched expert case is selected by the user. The second imaging data set of a new patient is then displayed and linked with expert's case in a the slice-by-slice and side-by-side fashion and at comparable field-of-view angles. Users can generate the target volume contours on the new patient using expert case as tutorial guidance or overlaying the expert contours onto the new patient's imaging data set followed by reforming the target volume contours to fit the anatomical terrain of the patient. Users can then modify the target volume contours of their patient using expert case as tutorial guidance linked in a the slice-by-slice and side-by-side fashion and at comparable field-of-view angles.
US07817827B2	Enhanced planar single photon emission imaging An apparatus and method for obtaining a planar image of a portion (4) of a body (5) and enhancing image quality of at least one specific organ or volume of interest located within the portion (4) of the body (5), administered with radiopharmaceutical substance radiating gamma rays, by using single photon emission imaging, for determination of functional information thereon, comprising: (a) acquiring at least one projection data of the portion (4), by means of a gamma camera detector (2); (b) determining the effective distance between the detector (2) and the specific organ of interest; (c) calculating weight values taking into account acceptance angles of the gamma camera detector (2) and the effective distance; and (d) obtaining a two dimensional image of a spatial distribution of the pharmaceutical substance within the portion (4) by mathematically analyzing the data in conjunction with weight values.
US07817813B2	Woofer speaker mounting structure for portable computer Embodiments of a portable computer, a woofer speaker mounting structure for a portable computer and methods thereof can reduce transmission of vibrations from speaker to remaining portions of the portable computers. A woofer speaker mounting structure for a portable computer can include a case, a woofer speaker for producing bass sound positioned on the case and formed with support pieces, dampers for absorbing vibration from the woofer speaker can fit into the support pieces and can be coupled to the case. The damper can include a damper body made of an elastic material and through which a central hole is bored and shock-absorbing portions. Due to the structural and material properties of the damper, vibrations are also absorbed. Therefore, the operational characteristics of a portable computer are improved.
US07817810B2	Flat panel loudspeaker system A flat panel speaker system is provided. The system includes, a modified panel having a front surface and a rear surface, wherein the modified panel acts as a diaphragm for the flat panel speaker system; a supporting member coupled to the rear surface of the modified panel; and a detachable driver operationally coupled to the supporting member.
US07817804B2	Acoustic measuring system for locating noise sources This system has a plurality of microphones oriented in several directions and mounted in a support so that each one is flush with or disposed on a rigid surface, the various microphones being connected to a signal processing device that processes the signals coming from the microphones to provide a noise source hologram, namely a distribution of the acoustic pressures or intensities at various points on a given surface.
US07817799B2	Maintaining encryption key integrity Provided are a method, system, and article of manufacture, wherein a first write only register is maintained in an encryption engine of a cryptographic unit. A second write only register is maintained in a decryption engine of the cryptographic unit. A cryptographic key is written in the first write only register and the second write only register, wherein the cryptographic key is inaccessible for reading from any entity that is external to the cryptographic unit.
US07817798B2	Compact beamforming microphone assembly A compact low cost beamforming microphone assembly for a desk telephone is described. The assembly includes a microphone carrier array having a top surface and having faces arrayed about an exterior surface, each to receive a microphone. Each microphone is mounted in a microphone boot and inserted into a microphone carrier. The carrier array fits into a housing having a cover allowing sound to reach the microphones.
US07817797B2	Method and apparatus for detecting echo path changes in an acoustic echo canceller An echo canceller comprising a first adaptive filter having N_long coefficients for converging to an echo path, a non-adaptive filter representing a direct echo path portion captured by the first adaptive filter and having N_short default coefficients, where N_long>N_short, for quick convergence of the echo canceller at start-up, wherein the default coefficients are replaced by the first N_short coefficients from the first adaptive filter responsive to an improvement in echo return loss enhancement (ERLE) of the first adaptive filter, a second adaptive filter having N_short default coefficients for modeling the direct echo path and providing an indication of double-talk and echo path changes, decision logic for receiving error signal outputs from the first and second adaptive filters and the non-adaptive filter and in response distinguishing between echo path changes and double-talk, and a non-linear processor for attenuating signals responsive to input from the decision logic.
US07817791B2	Method and apparatus for providing fraud detection using hot or cold originating attributes An approach provides fraud detection in support of data communication services. A list of single-event attributes (e.g., hot or cold attributes) is generated and includes a network address of an end user host originating a data call or a calling party identification (e.g., Automatic Number Identification (ANI) or an originating Calling Line Identification (CLI)) for network access, wherein entries of the list specify values of the hot attributes. An attribute value associated with the data call is compared with the entries. A fraud alert is generated if the attribute value matches one of the entries.
US07817788B2	Content distribution system and method A content distribution system is described. The content distribution system includes a show account database and a plurality of credit cards stored in the show account database. The content distribution system also has a linking module associating a viewer entering the call-in number with a credit card number in the show account database. The system has a charge module that charges a credit card account corresponding to the credit card number associated with a viewer entering the call-in number. The system also has an interactive recognition system that provides a qualifying question for the viewer to answer before a call of the viewer is connected to a studio.
US07817782B1	System and method to support a telecommunication device for the deaf (TDD) in a voice over internet protocol (VoIP) network Disclosed is a system and method for communicating with a Telecommunication Device for the Deaf (TDD). A TDD message is transmitted to a TDD device over the VoIP network. The TDD message may be in the form of Baudot tones. The system interprets a voice markup language document to accept TDD input as a form of user input. The system receives TDD input from the TDD device based on the TDD message.
US07817781B2	High voltage X-ray generator and related oil well formation analysis An apparatus and method for determining the density and other properties of a formation surrounding a borehole using a high voltage x-ray generator. One embodiment comprises a stable compact x-ray generator capable of providing radiation with energy of 250 keV and higher while operating at temperatures equal to or greater than 125° C. In another embodiment, radiation is passed from an x-ray generator into the formation; reflected radiation is detected by a short spaced radiation detector and a long spaced radiation detector. The output of these detectors is then used to determine the density of the formation. In one embodiment, a reference radiation detector monitors a filtered radiation signal. The output of this detector is used to control at least one of the acceleration voltage and beam current of the x-ray generator.
US07817769B2	Real time clock rate checker and recovery mechanism A circuit, method, and system are disclosed. In one embodiment the circuit comprises a ring oscillator circuit having a plurality of delay elements, the ring oscillator circuit to generate a clock signal frequency, a checker circuit to compare a count of clock signal oscillations observed per complete loop of the ring oscillator circuit to a reference count, and to set a flag signal if the clock signal oscillation count is above a high threshold amount or below a low threshold amount.
US07817765B2	Digital transmission apparatus and methods PCR jitter is improved when writing an input stream TS having a packet with a PCR in a memory 10 and reading it at a high speed. An oscillator 44 oscillates a local clock signal having a frequency of a reference clock for the input TS and a counter 46 counts the local clock signal. When a PCR detection section 38 detects the PCR in the input TS, a latch circuit 42 latches a counted value of the counter and a PCR exchange section 40 exchanges the original PCR with a result of subtracting the latched count value from the PCR of the input TS.
US07817762B2	Method and apparatus for detecting leading pulse edges An apparatus and method for detecting leading pulse edges of a signal includes a controller, hysteresis threshold comparators and qualification timers. The controller uses the outputs from the timers in order to determine whether or not a transition of the input signal constitutes a leading pulse edge of the input signal.
US07817761B2	Test techniques for a delay-locked loop receiver interface An integrated circuit includes a variable delay circuit configured to generate at least one delayed clock signal based on a first clock signal and a first control signal. The integrated circuit includes a control circuit configured to generate a count value based on a second input signal and a second control signal. The first clock signal is a first version of the at least one delayed clock signal. At least one of the second input signal and the second control signal is a second version of the at least one delayed clock signal and the count value is indicative of a frequency characteristic of the at least one delayed clock signal. The integrated circuit is configured to monotonically vary the first control signal over a range of values and the count value is determined for individual values of the control signal.
US07817758B2	Apparatus and method for clock synchronization Techniques for synchronizing clocks are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a pair of dividing coefficients a1 and a2 is obtained from a ratio of a theoretical frequency fs1 of the first source signal to a theoretical frequency fs_local of a desired local clock signal. A least common multiple expressed as T_c is obtained from the theoretical periods T1 and T2 of the first source signal and the second source signal. A relative error expressed as k is calculated from the first and second source clock signals in a period of T_c. The first source clock signal is then divided into a first local clock signal with a period equal to T1a1 and a second local clock signal with a period equals to T1a2 according to the dividing coefficients a1 and a2, respectively. The clock number m of the first local clock signal and the clock number n of the second local clock signal in the period of T_c are calculated according to the relative error k and the dividing coefficients a1 and a2. The m clocks of the first local clock signal is mixed with the n clocks of the second local clock signal as m+n clocks of the desired local clock signal with the period of T_c. Thus, the local clock signal obtained as such is synchronized with both of the first and second source clock signals.
US07817752B2	Apparatus, and associated method, for detecting values of a space-time block code using selective decision-feedback detection A selective decision-feedback detector for the space-time block code which provides both diversity and spatial multiplexing. To detect a received code block of transmitted symbols, the channel matrix is properly preprocessed with the real and imaginary parts decoupled, and the selective decision-feedback detector makes multiple decisions on the same block upon differently permuted channel matrix and generates multiple candidates for the results. The indicators of the decision errors associated with the candidates are compared, and one of the candidates with the minimum error is selected by a selector as the decided symbols to be used for further processing at a receiving station.
US07817745B2	Tonal precoding A method of precoding data for transmission in a multi-user vectored DSL system using DMT modulation, the method comprising, providing encoded data to a precoder input; adaptively precoding the encoded data to generate precoded data; and providing the precoded data at a precoder output.
US07817744B2	Wireless communication apparatus and data multiplexing method A wireless transmitting apparatus capable of improving the reception characteristic at a data stream receiving end. In this apparatus, I/Q separating parts (110, 112) each separate first data modulated symbols included in any of a plurality of data streams, which are to be multiplexed, into first in-phase components and first orthogonal components, while separating second data modulated symbols included in the other ones of the plurality of data streams into second in-phase components and second orthogonal components. An I/Q converting part (114) converts the first in-phase components to third orthogonal components, while converting the second orthogonal components to fourth in-phase components. A multi-code multiplexing part multi-code multiplexes the first and third orthogonal components to provide a first multiplexed signal, while multi-code multiplexing the second and fourth in-phase components to provide a second multiplexed signal. An I/Q combining part (124) combines the first and second multiplexed signals to provide a combined signal.
US07817742B2	Power supply apparatus and power supply method When transmitting an RF signal for power supply or a pulse signal for data transmission, amplification is made in such a manner that the peak power of the RF signal becomes greater than the peak power of the pulse signal. Thus transmitting the RF signal with the greater peak power enables charging of a capacitor 23 of noncontact wireless communication equipment 2 even if the distance to the noncontact wireless communication equipment 2 is long.
US07817737B2	Method of generating multi-channel local oscillation frequencies A method of generating multi-channel local oscillation frequencies in an ultra wide band communication system includes generating: at least one reference frequency, a plurality of auxiliary frequencies by dividing and multiplying the at least one reference frequency, and a plurality of first local oscillation frequencies by mixing the reference frequency and at least some of the plurality of auxiliary frequencies with other auxiliary frequencies.
US07817735B2	Device and method of performing channel estimation for OFDM-based wireless communication system A device and method of performing channel estimation for an OFDM-based wireless communication system performs a Least Square interpolation with a statistical channel profile consideration on pilot channel estimates to derive data channel estimates at data subcarrier locations.
US07817730B2	Training sequence for symbol boundary detection in a multicarrier data transmission system An improved training sequence for acquiring symbol boundary timing at a receiver of a data transmission system is disclosed. One aspect pertains to an improved training sequence wherein groups of identical symbols are transmitted by a transmitter. These symbols can be supplied to the transmitter in a time domain or a frequency domain manner. The improved training sequence facilitates symbol boundary determination at a receiver.
US07817709B2	Non-coherent phase differential and multiple orthogonal signal reception Embodiments for non-coherent phase differential and multiple orthogonal signal modulation/demodulation are disclosed. One illustrative embodiment may include: a method for non-coherent reception of a signal with spectrum spreading, comprising performing a multiple orthogonal signal demodulation operation on the signal; performing a phase differential demodulation operation on the signal; and combining the results of the multiple orthogonal signal demodulation operation on the signal and the phase differential demodulation operation on the signal.
US07817706B2	Method and apparatus to perform reactive jamming while simultaneously avoiding friendly pseudo-random frequency hopping communications Method and Apparatus to Perform Reactive Jamming While Simultaneously Avoiding Friendly Pseudo-Random Frequency Hopping Communications is disclosed. The system provides an enhancement to surgical reactive jammers that combines near-real-time jamming capability with the additional feature of allowing tactical communications. The jammer includes a synchronization subsystem that synchronizes jammer lockout frequencies with those frequencies being hopped to by units that are members of a friendly communications network. The synchronization subsystem is coordinated with, and therefore tied to the time-synchronized cryptography of the friendly communications net. As a result, the jammer will be aware, on a real-time basis, which frequency the friendly communications network will next be hopping to. The jammer's awareness of these future frequencies will allow those frequencies to be “locked out” of the jammer's transmission band dynamically.
US07817705B2	Laser light source device, optical information recording device, and optical information reproducing device The hologram recording technology expected to realize ultrahigh-density information recording is one of the post Blu-ray Disc technology. When we think about developing a drive based on this technology and suitable for consumer electronics, it is considered most desirable from the viewpoint of upward compatibility to solve the problem of the BD-compatibility. The problem in sharing the laser light source between the hologram recording device and the current optical disc device, however, is that the hologram recording requires a high-coherent, single-mode light beam, while the current optical discs requires a low-coherent, multi-mode light beam. In point of the coherence of the light source, the above two cases require the light beams of the characteristics opposite to each other, and this presents an important task.For the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is to adopt the variable wavelength type laser light source device composed of a semiconductor laser and a diffraction grating, wherein a polarization direction converter and a polarized beam splitter are placed in the optical path between the above semiconductor laser and the above diffraction grating.
US07817704B2	Monoblock laser with improved alignment features A laser resonator has a support disposed on its axis, to support an adjustable element rotatable with respect to the axis. An HR mirror reflects light, which passes through gain element means and partially through an OC mirror to provide a laser output. The adjustable element is fixed in rotation upon reaching a pre-selected laser output. One embodiment features a support comprising a recess in the substrate of the resonator, and one of the mirrors is formed on the spherically shaped bottom of the adjustable element. Alternatively, the adjustable element comprises a first Risley wedge pair rotatable within a V-block shaped support. Alternatively, a recess in the substrate supports the HR mirror and a Risley wedge pair.Both embodiments and their variations apply to two stage resonators, which then include a second support, appropriately placed wavelength shifting means and other optional optical elements.
US07817699B2	High-power, high-throughput microwave discharge singlet oxygen generator for advanced electrical oxygen-iodine lasers A laser device includes an optical resonator, a microwave driven discharge device, and a source for a second gas. The microwave driven discharge device is disposed relative to the optical resonator. The microwave driven discharge device operates at a discharge power and gas flow rate to produce a selected amount of energetic singlet oxygen metastables flowing in the direction of the optical resonator. The second source for the second gas is disposed between the optical resonator and the microwave driven discharge device. The second gas reacts with the selected amount of energetic singlet oxygen metastables to form an excited species in an amount sufficient to support lasing of the excited species in the optical resonator.
US07817696B2	Surface emitting laser VCSELs with a conventional oxide-confined structure have problems to be solved for the purpose of reducing the internal stress and thermal resistance of the device. In particular, the problems should be solved in order to achieve the high reliability of the high-speed modulation-type VCSELs. A surface emitting laser according to an embodiment of the present invention comprising a single current injection opening area, which is provided in a mesa and electrically and optically isolated, wherein the laser comprises: an active layer for emitting light resulted from current injection; a first reflector and a second reflector provided so as to sandwich the active layer between the reflectors, an n electrode and a p electrode for injecting current into the active layer, an ion-implanted nonconductive high-resistance area provided so as to surround the current injection opening area, and a half cross section in which the nonconductive oxidized layer does not appear is present among radial half cross sections extending from a substantial center of the current injection opening area to an outer periphery of the surface emitting laser, which cross sections are interrupted within a region where a laser emitting light is present.
US07817695B2	Lateral optically pumped surface-emitting semiconductor laser on a heat sink A surface emitting semiconductor laser device comprising at least one surface emitting semiconductor laser (21) having a vertical emitter (1) and at least one pump radiation source (2), which are monolithically integrated alongside one another onto a common substrate (13), is described. The semiconductor laser device additionally has a heat-conducting element (18), which is in thermal contact with the semiconductor laser (21) and has a mounting area provided for mounting on a carrier (27). Methods for producing such a surface emitting semiconductor laser device are furthermore described.
US07817692B2	Nitride semiconductor laser device having current blocking layer and method of manufacturing the same A nitride semiconductor laser including a laminate that includes an n-side semiconductor layer, an active layer and a p-side semiconductor layer, the n-side semiconductor layer or p-side semiconductor layer including a current blocking layer 30 that is made of InxAlyGa1-x-yN (0≦x≦0.1, 0.5≦y≦1, 0.5≦x+y≦1) and has a stripe-shaped window 32 formed therein to pass current flow.
US07817689B2	Laser source device, display device, and projector A laser source device includes: a plurality of lasers; wavelength converting elements that convert wavelengths of a plurality of light beams emitted from the plurality of lasers; a temperature sensor that detects the temperatures of the wavelength converting elements; and a temperature controlling unit that controls the temperatures of the wavelength converting elements on the basis of an output of the temperature sensor.
US07817687B2	Electromagnetic energy distributions for electromagnetically induced mechanical cutting Output optical energy pulses including relatively high energy magnitudes at the beginning of each pulse are disclosed. As a result of the relatively high energy magnitudes which lead each pulse, the leading edge of each pulse includes a relatively large slope. This slope is preferably greater than or equal to 5. Additionally, the full-width half-max value of the output optical energy distributions are between 0.025 and 250 microseconds and, more preferably, are about 70 microseconds. A flashlamp is used to drive the laser system, and a current is used to drive the flashlamp. A flashlamp current generating circuit includes a solid core inductor which has an inductance of 50 microhenries and a capacitor which has a capacitance of 50 microfarads.
US07817680B2	Automatic dispersion compensation in amplification for short pulse fiber laser system A fiber Chirped Pulse Amplification (CPA) laser system includes a fiber mode-locking oscillator for generating a laser for projecting to a fiber stretcher for stretching a pulse width of the laser wherein the stretcher further comprising a Photonic Bandgap (PBG) fiber having a lower nonlinearity and an abnormal dispersion than a solid core fiber for connecting and transmitting a laser from the stretcher to a multistage amplifier for amplifying the laser into an output laser whereby a separate compressor is not required.
US07817673B2	Clock synchronisation over a packet network A method of synchronising first and second clocks coupled respectively to ingress and egress interfaces 6,7 of a packet network 1, the method comprising calculating a minimum packet Transit Time over the network 1 in each of successive time intervals, and varying the frequency of the second clock so as to track variations in the minimum packet Transit Time.
US07817670B2	Transmission apparatus and transmission method In a transmitting end, positional information indicating positions of data packets to be reproduced in a receiving end among data packets in an inputted bit stream is generated with a plurality of data packets as one unit, and generated one piece of positional information is given to a plurality of data packets, and the data packets with the positional information are transmitted. In a receiving end, reproduction timings are controlled based on the received positional information, and the received data packets are reproduced. As a result, even if a time interval of the data packets to be reproduced in the receiving end in the bit stream inputted into the transmitting end doesn't have a fixed period, the data packets can be reproduced in the receiving end in the same timing as in the transmitting end by only giving one piece of positional information to the plurality of data packets.
US07817667B2	Method, apparatus and computer program to dynamically adjust segmentation at a protocol layer, such as at the medium access control (MAC) layer In one exemplary aspect thereof the invention provides a method that operates to receive information through at least one input of a protocol layer packet segmentation unit and to dynamically vary packet segment size in accordance with the received information prior to transmission to a receiver. The information received through the at least one input may include information related to channel quality for a channel through which packet data are transmitted to the receiver. The information received through the at least one input may also be or may include information received from at least one of a higher protocol layer or a lower protocol layer.
US07817665B2	Systems and methods for interworking QSIG and H.323 signaling in a SIP-based network A SIP-based network architecture is defined allowing a variety of access methods for interfacing QSIG-based signaling devices. The QSIG-based signaling devices are typically enterprise-based PBXs that either interface directly via QSIG, or adapt QSIG signaling to related signaling protocols via gateways, which can be customer premise or network based. The gateways can either interwork QSIG signaling or tunnel QSIG signaling over H.323, SIP, or other protocols. Upon reaching the SIP-based network, Session Border Controllers process the signaling. The Session Border Controllers terminate the tunnel (if used) and extracts the QSIG signaling for interworking to SIP, thereby facilitating a homogeneous SIP-based core network. In addition to interworking QSIG signaling, the Session Border Controllers perform other signaling related functions for the SIP-based network that are performed at a point as near as possible to the network's edge.
US07817664B2	Mobile IP accounting In one embodiment, accounting information for a mobile node operating according to Mobile IP Protocol is updated. A network device that supports Mobile IP composes a request packet for the mobile node. The request packet identifies the mobile node and includes at least one counter associated with accounting information pertaining to the mobile node. The request packet is then sent to a server adapted for performing accounting. The server then logs the accounting information for the mobile node. The server may then send a reply packet to the network device acknowledging logging of the accounting information pertaining to the mobile node. A bill for Mobile IP services may then be generated from the accounting information.
US07817658B2	Systems and methods for preparing a usage report with counter information A method for preparing a usage report with counter information relating to a device is described. A counter request is sent to a device. A determination is made if the device responds to the counter request. Cached counter information associated with the device is retrieved if the device does not respond to the counter request. The cached counter information is classified. The cached counter information is used in a usage report.
US07817646B2	Communication server network for computer networks The invention relates to a communication server network for computer networks that are based on the Internet protocol. Said communication server network supports data exchange according to the session initiation protocol and is provided with at least two conventional SIP servers as well as an SIP distributor server for distributing the tasks resulting from the communication processes to the at least two conventional stateful SIP servers.
US07817643B2	System and method for varying the scheduling of real time protocol (RTP) packets Apparatus and a method for transmitting a plurality of streams of data packets through a computer network assigns queued packets from each of the plurality of data streams to respective slots in scheduling windows such that queued packets from respective ones of the plurality of data streams occupy different slots in respectively different ones of the scheduling windows. The packets are transmitted through the network in the order defined by the scheduling windows.
US07817641B1	Methods for spatial multiplexing of wireless two-way channels Conventional two-way wireless communication nodes require separate channels to receive or transmit. The two channels are usually multiplexed in time and/or frequency. A system which can support both links (transmit and receive) at the same time is referenced as a as a full duplex system. Systems and methods are described to create the two links simultaneously, overlapping in frequency and in time domains, while avoiding the hardware complexity and/or lack of flexibility inherent to conventional systems, by reducing the amount of self interference between transmitter and receiver sections. The self interference may be reduced by using at least one of antenna design techniques comprising antenna selection and signal processing techniques to maximize the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio.
US07817624B2	Methods and systems for configuring voice over internet protocol network quality of service Automated methods and systems for determining and setting router QoS adjustments to control the service level of VoIP voice communications in a packet switching network supporting both voice and data communications. Network topology and service level requirements are processed to determine QoS settings for each of the routers. The QoS settings are transmitted to the routers, for example in the form of a router configuration file, to set the QoS adjustments to achieve the desired VoIP service level. The invention is applicable to packet switching networks comprising routers or equivalent electronic switches providing electronically adjustable QoS settings.
US07817616B2	Time synchronization method in wireless sensor network A time synchronization method in a wireless sensor network, has an upper node that provides back-off scheduling to lower nodes in the wireless sensor network of a hierarchical structure. Each of the lower nodes synchronizes time according to the back-off scheduling based on its local clock. The time synchronous method also allows the number of packets required for synchronization in the wireless sensor network to sharply decrease, and the life time of the network to increase. Additionally, the time synchronous method provides a response packet from a lower node in response to a synchronization packet from an upper node, which is used as a synchronization start packet for secondary lower nodes, so that synchronization in the entire network is rapidly processed.
US07817611B2	Wireless local area network system A mapping table holds correspondence relation between quality of service information of wired sections and quality of service information of wireless sections. A quality of service information converter, upon receiving encapsulated packets directed from a mobile communication network to a wireless local area network terminal, acquires quality of service information of wired sections that has been conferred to the packets, and finds quality of service information of wireless sections that corresponds to the quality of service information of wired sections in the mapping table. The quality of service information converter then uses this quality of service information of wireless sections to wirelessly transmit the encapsulated packets to a wireless local area network terminal.
US07817609B2	Multi-channel wireless networks A medium access control method for a mobile station enabled for wireless communications with other mobile stations in a multi-channel wireless environment. The method includes: (a) receiving over at least one wireless channel status information transmitted by a plurality of other mobile stations within a local area of the mobile station, the status information including information about current usage of a plurality of wireless channels within the local area; (b) selecting from the plurality of wireless channels, based on the received status information, a wireless channel for transmitting data from the mobile station to one of the plurality of other mobile stations; and (c) transmitting data from the mobile station over the selected wireless channel.
US07817605B2	Method of transmitting control signals for uplink transmission in communication systems In a method of transmitting control signals for uplink transmission of packet data, a control channel carrying control signal data that is shared by a plurality of users is transmitted in the downlink to the users. The shared control channel includes fields identifiable by, or specified for, different ones of the users, so that each field includes control signal data for a specified user for uplink transmission of packet data. The specified user decodes a corresponding field of the shared control channel to interpret the control signal data, and may transmit packet data in the uplink in accordance with the decoded control signal data.
US07817595B2	Communication system, user device thereof and synchronization method thereof A communication system, user device thereof, and a synchronization method thereof are provided. The communication system includes a user device and a wireless network. A ciphering configuration information is transmitted to a user device. The user device and wireless network re-establishing the radio link control (RLC) entity of logical link. The user device changes to the new ciphering configuration immediately following the re-establishment of RLC entity according to the received ciphering configuration information and the wireless network changes to the new ciphering configuration.
US07817594B2	Method for operating a device in a radio access network of a radio communication system as well as radio access network and device In a method for operation of a device in a radio access network of a radio communication system, the device is arranged between a first network element and a second network element of a radio access network, receives at a first point in time from the first network element a first heartbeat and sends to the first network element at a second point in time a first acknowledgement signal as a response to the first heartbeat, with the first acknowledgement signal signaling to the first network element that a connection exists between the first network element and the second network element. At a third point in time the device sends a second heartbeat to the second network element, with the second network element, on receiving the second heartbeat sending as a response a second acknowledgement signal to the device in order to signal to the device the existence of a connection between the device and the second network element. The first acknowledgement signal is at least partly sent even if no second acknowledgement signal has been received between the first point in time and the second point in time.
US07817590B2	System and related methods for beamforming in a multi-point communications environment A system and related methods for beamforming in a multi-point communication environment is presented. According to one aspect of the invention, a method comprising identifying one or more target(s) for which a communication signal is intended, identifying one or more other target(s) which may benefit from receipt of the communication signal, and developing a multi-lobe beampattern to transmit the communication signal to the intended target(s) and the identified one or more other target(s).
US07817584B2	Method and system for managing simultaneous electronic communications A first communication channel is established between a first entity and at least one second entity and a second communication channel is established between the first entity and at least one third entity over the network. Then, data associated with the first and second communication channels are recorded. Next, first, second, and third entities are dynamically monitored to identify if first, second, or third entities is in an active or inactive state, and based upon such monitoring, recorded data are either synchronously rendering to entities in an active state or asynchronously rendered to entities in an inactive state upon the entities in the inactive state transitioning from an inactive state to an active state.
US07817583B2	Method for verifying a storage area network configuration In one embodiment, a map describing a correct configuration attribute for communicatively coupling a storage area network device with another device is accessed. An actual configuration attribute of the storage area network device is requested. The actual configuration attribute of the storage area network device is then compared to the correct configuration of the storage area network device and a result is generated in response to the comparing.
US07817572B2	Communications apparatus and communication method A communications apparatus for directly transferring payload data included in a received packet to an application memory area. The communications apparatus comprises an error check unit for checking the payload data for an error, a write processing unit for performing write processing for writing the payload data into the application memory area, and a protocol processing unit for causing the write processing unit to start write processing to write the payload data into the application memory without waiting for the completion of the error check, and upon detection of an error, returning a valid section in the application area that has been overwritten by write processing to an invalid section which has not stored normal data.
US07817568B2	Method for measuring characteristics of path between nodes by using active testing packets based on priority Provided are a method for measuring characteristics of a path between nodes by using active testing packets based on priority, i.e., an inter-node path characteristic measuring method, which can measure and provide characteristics of a generated node, when an inter-node data transmission path is generated based on Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) to provide a path with satisfactory transmission delay, jitter and packet loss that are required by a user, and to provide a computer-readable recording medium for recording a program that implement the method. The method includes the steps of: a) synchronizing system time of the nodes with a global standard time; b) forming each testing packet; c) registering frame sequence and the global standard time during transmission; and d) calculating transmission delay time, jitter and packet loss by using time stamp and packet sequence information of a frame received by the destination node and transmitting the result to the management system.
US07817566B2	Wired MIMO link tester Provided is a wired Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) link tester. The wired link tester, includes: a simulating unit for constructing a wired link corresponding to a wireless link for a multiple-input multiple-output system and simulating wireless-link characteristics using each variable element located on the wired link; and a control means for prestoring a predetermined value of the variable element depending on the state change time and the number of the state changes and controlling the variable element according to the predetermined value of the variable element.
US07817564B2	Method and system for handling fault messages in a network A method and a system for handling fault messages in a network where a network device publishes fault messages related to the principal cause of the fault. The messages are received by a Network Management System (NMS) that identifies the source of the fault and sends a multicast message to other network devices managed by the NMS. The multicast message comprises information regarding the fault. In response to the multicast message, the other network devices determine whether to publish or drop related fault messages.
US07817563B1	Adaptive data stream sampling A facility for transmitting data items in a data stream is described. The facility compares the rate at which data items in the data stream are being generated to a threshold rate. When the rate at which data items in the data stream are being generated is no greater than the threshold rate, the facility transmits all of the data items in the data stream to a destination. When the rate at which data items in the data stream are being generated is greater than the threshold rate, the facility transmits only a randomly selected proper subset of the data items in the stream to the destination, such that data items are transmitted to the destination at a rate approximately equal to the threshold rate.
US07817553B2	Local area network services in a cable modem network A network device has a network interface to allow the device to send and receive traffic across a network. The device also has a cable connection to allow the device to exchange data with at least one other device across a cable network. The device has a processor to receive traffic having a network identifier through the network interface and determine if the network identifier is associated with a virtual private network. If the network identifier is associated with a virtual private network, the device then routes the traffic to an appropriate receiving entity through the cable connection if the network identifier is associated with a local are network.
US07817552B2	Communication control method and system A relay device 40, when it relays data blocks transmitted in succession from a transmitter device 20 to a receiver device 10, is caused to identify a state code showing a state of a communication resource used when the data blocks are transferred. Relay device 40 divides the identified state code into portions of a predetermined data size and writes the divided portions into a predetermined area of the data blocks. Receiver device 10 transmits to transmitter device 20 an acknowledgement containing the same data as is written in a predetermined area of the received data block. Transmitter device 20, upon receipt of the acknowledgement, reads the state code that is divided and written in the acknowledgement and increases or reduces the number of data blocks on the basis of the state code.
US07817547B2	Uncovering the differences in backbone networks The claimed subject matter provides systems and/or methods that uncovers detailed differences in the performance of different Internet Service Provider ISP) networks. The system can include components, devices, and/or processes that utilize a list of target Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks to create a list of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to interrogate, distribute the list of addresses to measurement nodes and obtains in return probing results from the measurement nodes, the probing results employed thereafter to provide comparative performance metrics associated with the target Internet Service Provider (ISP) networks.
US07817545B2	Jitter buffer for a circuit emulation service over an internal protocol network A jitter buffer receives a plurality of data packets comprising a circuit emulation service over internet protocol (CESIP), buffers the plurality of data packets, and plays data from the plurality of data packets at a constant bit rate corresponding to the CESIP.
US07817543B2	Regulating data-burst transfer The invention discloses methods and apparatus for regulating the transfer of data bursts across a data network comprising electronic edge nodes interconnected by fast-switching optical core nodes. To facilitate switching at an electronic edge node, data bursts are organized into data segments of equal size. A data segment may include null data in addition to information bits. The null data are removed at the output of an edge node and the information data is collated into bursts, each carrying only information bits in addition to a header necessary for downstream processing. To ensure loss-free transfer of bursts from the edge to the core, burst transfer permits are generated at controllers of the optical core and sent to respective edge nodes based on flow-rate-allocation requests. Null-padding is not visible outside the edge nodes and only the information content is subject to transfer rate regulation to ensure high efficiency and high service quality.
US07817539B2	Resilient routing systems and methods A network comprises nodes and links. In addition to a default topology there are backup configurations. Each node is inhibited from transferring data between nodes in at least one backup configuration. When a node detects a fault in the reception of data transmitted to a neighbouring node, it switches to a backup configuration in which the neighbouring node is inhibited. In one arrangement a backup configuration has at least one link which is restricted by having a high weighting so that it transmits data to a node only if that node is the final destination node for that data. Additionally, if the neighbouring node is the final destination, and routing of data is still unsuccessful in the backup configuration, the detecting node selects and switches to an alternate backup configuration in which the detecting node is inhibited.
US07817537B2	Matrix switcher and method of controlling matrix switcher A matrix switcher includes a switcher unit having connection switches provided at intersections of input signal lines and output signal lines and a control unit having a main controller and a backup controller. The backup controller operates a Web server program to transfer a setup command to the main controller upon receiving the setup command. The main controller executes: processing of switching a connection relation between the input signal lines and output signal lines in the switcher unit; processing of transferring a switching command to another matrix switcher upon receiving the switching command for another switcher; processing of setting up the matrix switcher upon receiving the setup command for the switcher; and processing of transferring the setup command to another matrix switcher upon receiving the setup command for another switcher.
US07817533B2	Device and method for performing channel estimation for OFDM-based signals with variable pilot subcarrier spacing A device and method for performing channel estimation for an OFDM-based wireless communication system modifies pilot subcarrier spacing to use a set of interpolation coefficients associated with a different pilot subcarrier spacing.
US07817527B2	Optical disk drive and method for recording data Recording of data into a multilayer optical disk and reliable reproduction of the data are enabled. When user data are recorded on a multilayer optical disk having a first layer L0 and a second layer L1, the second layer L1 is formatted beforehand, to thus record dummy data. Subsequently, the user data are recorded into the first layer L0. Even after completion of recording of the user data at some point in the first layer L0, an area of the second layer L1 located immediately above or below a recorded area of the first layer L0 remains in a recorded state at all times. Compatibility with a play-only disk is maintained, and the play-only drive can reproduce the user data immediately after recording of the data.
US07817523B2	Recording medium, recording apparatus and recording method, and computer program A recording medium (100) is provided with: a first recording layer (L0) including a first area; and a second recording layer (L1) including a second area, wherein an edge on one side of the second area is located at a position obtained by shifting to an other side at least by a tolerance length from an area portion in the second recording layer corresponding to an edge on the one side of the first area, or an edge on the other side of the second area is located at a position obtained by shifting to the one side at least by the tolerance length from the area portion in said second recording layer corresponding to the edge on the one side of the first area, in which the tolerance length indicates an acceptable range of a relative position shift between an address which is defined on the predetermined position in the first recording layer and an address which is related to the predetermined position in the second recording layer.
US07817521B2	Optical disc device configured to detect abnormal loading status An information recording/reproducing device is provided with a tray (3) having holders (2, 4) for holding a disc (9) on a disc placing part (11) by permitting the disc to overhang on a part of the disc placing part (11) in a vertically laid status. The information recording/reproducing device is provided with a means for detecting an abnormally mounted status, wherein the disc (9) is placed on the disc placing part (11) through the holding holders (2, 4), by comparing a number of rotations or load torque measured at a prescribed time after a rotating means (8) is started, a measured time required for the number of rotations to reach a fixed number of rotations or a drive current measured when the number of rotations became the prescribed umber of rotations, with a previously stored threshold value. Thus, detection of the abnormally mounted status can be completed for the disc prior to starting recording or reproducing operation.
US07817512B1	Method and apparatus to correct wobble phase slip in optical recorders The present disclosure can provide a method and an apparatus to correct wobble phase slip in an optical disc recording system during recording. The method of correcting a phase slip can include receiving a wobble signal of a first frequency, sampling the wobble signal to generate a sampled wobble signal, where the wobble signal is sampled at a second frequency that corresponds to a frequency of a sampling signal, comparing a phase of the sampled wobble signal with a phase of a controlled signal to generate a phase error, modifying the phase error by adding a phase bias, and adjusting the second frequency based on the modified phase error to reduce a magnitude of the modified phase error.
US07817506B2	Method of transferring data with respect to an optical information storage medium having different track pitches An optical information storage medium includes a lead-in area, a lead-out area, and a user data area between the lead-in and lead-out areas and in which user data is recorded. Pits are formed in the lead-in area, the user data area, and the lead-out area, and a track pitch in all or a portion of the lead-in area is different from a track pitch in the remaining area of the optical information storage medium.
US07817505B2	Optical pickup actuator and optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus and method for the same An optical pickup actuator and an optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus and method using the same. The optical pickup actuator includes a blade, a plurality of suspensions, first and second coil members, and a magnet member. An objective lens is placed on one side of the blade. Each of the suspensions is coupled at one end to the blade and fixed at the other end to a holder provided at one side of a base, such that the suspensions movably support the blade. The first and second coil members are installed on the base to be separated from each other, with the magnet member being installed on the blade between the first and second coil members.
US07817499B2	CO end of life timing circuit A system for indicating an end of a life cycle time period for a device which may include a sensor device or detector for measuring an environmental condition. A control device communicates with the device and includes a programmable timing mechanism for measuring a life cycle time period. The control device initiates an end of life cycle indicator such as a fault message after the life cycle time period has elapsed. The life cycle time period may be measured from a date of manufacture of the device. The life cycle time period may also be measured from a date of installation of the device when the date of manufacture of the sensor device is unknown. In the case of sensor devices or detectors an environmental condition for measuring by the detector may include carbon monoxide levels in an enclosed area where the device is a respective carbon monoxide detector.
US07817494B2	Integrated circuit memory devices having internal command generators therein that support extended command sets using independent and dependent commands Integrated circuit memory devices include an internal command generator and a memory control circuit responsive to an internal command generated by the internal command generator. The internal command generator is configured to generate an internal command in response to a combination of an independent command and at least one dependent command received in sequence by the memory device. For example, the internal command generator may be configured to require the independent command to follow the at least one dependent command in the sequence when generating the internal command from the combination of the independent and dependent commands. Alternatively, the internal command generator may be configured to require the independent command to precede the at least one dependent command in the sequence before generating the internal command from the combination of the independent and dependent commands. These independent and dependent commands may be received by the memory device as respective multi-bit external command signals.
US07817492B2	Memory device using SRAM circuit A one read/two write SRAM circuit of which memory cell size is small, and high-speed operation is possible. The SRAM circuit includes first and second flip-flop circuits which are connected in parallel to a common write word line; a first write control circuit which is connected to said first flip-flop circuit, is conducted by a write control signal supplied to said write word line, and supplies a first write signal to said first flip-flop circuit; and a second write control circuit which is connected to said second flip-flop circuit, is conducted by a write control signal supplied to said write word line, and supplies a second write signal to said second flip-flop circuit.
US07817491B2	Bank control device and semiconductor device including the same A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of banks a plurality of banks stacked in a column direction, a global data line corresponding to the plurality of banks and a common global data line driving unit for multiplexing data on a plurality of local data lines corresponding to each of the banks to transmit the multiplexed result to the global data line.
US07817486B2	Semiconductor storage device A bit line potential monitor circuit is provided in a bit line, and a step-down circuit of the bit line is controlled base on information from the monitor circuit. As a result, the bit line is easily stepped down to an optimal potential level in accordance with a potential and a load capacity thereof without being affected by variability in devices or operation conditions.
US07817479B2	Nonvolatile memory device using a variable resistive element and associated operating method A nonvolatile memory device that utilizes both a voltage provided outside the memory device and a voltage generated within the device instead of using only a voltage generated within the device as a driving voltage avoids malfunctions of the memory device when instantaneous significant voltage drops occur. The nonvolatile memory device includes a plurality of nonvolatile memory cells, a bit line coupled to at least a portion of the plurality of nonvolatile memory cells, a column-selection transistor coupled to the bit line and a driving circuit. The driving circuit is coupled to a gate of the column-selection transistor and is configured to supply a charge to the gate using a first voltage and a second voltage wherein the second voltage is higher than the first voltage.
US07817475B2	Method and apparatus for accessing a phase-change memory Fixed-voltage programming pulses are employed to program a phase change memory cell. A burst of incrementally widening fixed-voltage programming pulses may be employed to program a phase change memory to a target threshold voltage.
US07817474B2	Method for programming and erasing an array of NMOS EEPROM cells that minimizes bit disturbances and voltage withstand requirements for the memory array and supporting circuits A method for programming and erasing an array of NMOS electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) cells that minimizes bit disturbances and high voltage requirements for the memory array cells and supporting circuits. In addition, the array of N-channel memory cells may be separated into independently programmable memory segments by creating multiple, electrically isolated P-wells upon which the memory segments are fabricated. The multiple, electrically isolated P-wells may be created, for example, by p-n junction isolation or dielectric isolation.
US07817471B2	Flash memory device and programming method Provided are a flash memory device and method of controlling certain program operation voltages. The flash memory device includes a high voltage generation circuit providing a high voltage to a block selection circuit and a program voltage to a row decoder. The high voltage generation circuit includes a charge pump, a high voltage control circuit controlling the charge pump to provide the high voltage, and a program voltage control circuit providing the program voltage in relation to the high voltage, wherein the high voltage control circuit and the program voltage control circuit operate in response to the same control code.
US07817470B2	Non-volatile memory serial core architecture A memory system having a serial data interface and a serial data path core for receiving data from and for providing data to at least one memory bank as a serial bitstream. The memory bank is divided into two halves, where each half is divided into upper and lower sectors. Each sector provides data in parallel to a shared two-dimensional page buffer with an integrated self column decoding circuit. A serial to parallel data converter within the memory bank couples the parallel data from either half to the serial data path core. The shared two-dimensional page buffer with the integrated self column decoding circuit minimizes circuit and chip area overhead for each bank, and the serial data path core reduces chip area typically used for routing wide data buses. Therefore a multiple memory bank system is implemented without a significant corresponding chip area increase when compared to a single memory bank system having the same density.
US07817469B2	Drift compensation in a flash memory A plurality of memory cells are managed by obtaining values of one or more environmental parameters of the cells and adjusting values of one or more reference voltages of the cells accordingly. Alternatively, a statistic of at least some of the cells, relative to a single reference parameter that corresponds to a control parameter of the cells, is measured, and the value of the reference voltage is adjusted accordingly. Examples of environmental parameters include program-erase cycle count, data retention time and temperature. Examples of reference voltages include read reference voltages and program verify reference voltages. Examples of statistics include the fraction of cells whose threshold voltages exceed initial lower bounds or initial medians.
US07817468B2	Semiconductor storage device provided with memory cell having charge accumulation layer and control gate A semiconductor memory device includes memory cell transistors, a first selection transistor, and word lines. Each of the memory cell transistors has a stacked gate including a charge accumulation layer and a control gate, and is configured to retain at least two levels of “0” data and “1” data according to a threshold voltage. The threshold voltage corresponding to the “0” data being the lowest threshold voltage in the levels retained by each of the memory cell transistors. The first selection transistor has a current path connected in series to one of the memory cell transistors. Each of the word lines is connected to the control gate of one of the memory cell transistors. upper limit values of threshold voltages of the memory cell transistors retaining the “0” data being different from one another in each word line.
US07817462B2	Magnetic random access memory MRAM includes a first wiring, a second wiring, and a memory cell. The first wiring extends to a first direction, and the second wiring extends to a second direction. The memory cell includes a free magnetic layer in which a plurality of magnetic layers coupled anti-ferromagnetically through non-magnetic layers are laminated, and is provided at an intersection of the first and second wirings. The magnetization direction of the free magnetic layer is different from the first and second directions. The writing method includes (a) reading a first data stored in the memory cell; (b) comparing a second data to be written to the memory cell and the first data; and (c) changing a direction of a first write current supplied to the first wiring and a direction of the second write current to be supplied to the second wiring, when the first data and second data are different.
US07817459B2	Depletion-mode MOSFET circuit and applications Positive logic circuits, systems and methods using MOSFETs operated in a depletion-mode, including electrostatic discharge protection circuits (ESD), non-inverting latches and buffers, and one-to-three transistor static random access memory cells. These novel circuits supplement enhancement-mode MOSFET technology and are also intended to improve the reliability of the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit (IC) products.
US07817453B2	Thermal foldback for linear fluorescent lamp ballasts A ballast circuit that facilitates providing thermal protection for a fluorescent lamp includes a coupling transformer that couples an inverter circuit to a control circuit. First and second transformer windings in the inverter circuit, and a third transformer winding in the control circuit, are wound around a common ferrite core. The ferrite core has a Curie temperature that approximates a maximum allowable threshold temperature for the lamp. When the temperature of the ballast approaches the Curie temperature of the ferrite core, its permeability, and thus inductance, drops dramatically, causing an increase in operating frequency in the inverter circuit. This increased operating frequency causes a capacitor in the control circuit to charge to a threshold voltage, at which power to the inverter circuit is reduced. The lamp then dims without turning off until the temperature is reduced to an acceptable level.
US07817432B2	Communicating with an electronic module that is slidably mounted in a system A system comprises an electronic module slidably mounted in the system, a first assembly including at least one wireless transceiver mounted in the system, and a second assembly including at least one wireless transceiver to communicate wirelessly with the wireless transceiver of the first assembly. The second assembly is attached to the electronic module, and the wireless transceivers of the first and second assemblies continue communicating as the electronic module is slidably moved in the system.
US07817428B2	Enclosure with integrated heat wick An electrical enclosure system for transferring heat from a closed environment, includes an electrical device having a heat-generating part, and a polymer-based ventless housing for protecting the electrical device from environmental contaminants. The ventless housing fully encloses the electrical device and includes a base layer forming an impact-resistant portion of the ventless housing. The base layer includes one or more open areas in close proximity to the heat-generating part. The ventless housing further includes an integrated thermally conductive layer that forms a heat-flow path for conducting heat away from the heat-generating part towards an exterior environment. The integrated thermally conductive layer is molded around the base layer such that portions of the integrated thermally conductive layer cover the open areas of the base layer.
US07817426B2	Heatsink for heat-producing device There is provided a heatsink for radiating heat from a heat-producing device. The heatsink includes a heatsink body; a clip that has a pair of arms and is fitted to the heatsink body along a heat radiation surface of the heat-producing device such that the heat-radiation surface of the heat-producing device and the heatsink body closely contact with each other while being sandwiched between the pair of arms; and a guide plate integrally formed with the heatsink body. The guide plate is configured such that an interval between the guide plate and the heatsink body is smaller than an arm interval between the pair of arms of the clip on a front side in a fitting direction of the clip and is larger than the arm interval on a deep side in the fitting direction of the clip.
US07817422B2	Heat sink and cooling and packaging stack for press-packages A heat sink for directly cooling at least one electronic device package is provided. The electronic device package has an upper contact surface and a lower contact surface. The heat sink comprises a cooling piece formed of at least one thermally conductive material. The cooling piece defines multiple inlet manifolds configured to receive a coolant and multiple outlet manifolds configured to exhaust the coolant. The inlet and outlet manifolds are interleaved. The cooling piece further defines multiple millichannels configured to receive the coolant from the inlet manifolds and to deliver the coolant to the outlet manifolds. The millichannels and inlet and outlet manifolds are further configured to directly cool one of the upper and lower contact surface of the electronic device package by direct contact with the coolant, such that the heat sink comprises an integral heat sink.
US07817408B2	Notebook computer A notebook computer includes a host, a supporting frame and a displayer. The supporting frame is pivotally connected with the host and has a straight sliding slot and a curved sliding slot. The displayer has two sliding members, which are pivotally connected with the supporting frame and slidably connected with the straight sliding slot and the curved sliding slot respectively. The displayer is operable to rotate relative to the supporting frame by using either one of the two sliding members as a pivot.
US07817405B2	Portable electrical distribution enclosure The portable electrical distribution enclosure is a chassis made of anodized aluminum. The chassis has a bottom panel and two side panels. The two side panels extend parallel to each other and at right angles from the bottom panel, making the chassis rectangular. The enclosure further includes high density polyethylene front and rear panels with legs extending below the bottom panel. The front and rear legs insure that the chassis is off the ground to permit air to flow under the chassis and into vents to cool the chassis during use of the portable electrical distribution enclosure. There is also a high density polyethylene top with at least one handle. The high density polyethylene can withstand high impacts or collateral damage from surrounding environment, weather, or marine applications. Additionally, it is lightweight and nonconductive.
US07817395B2	Overvoltage protection element and ignition element for an overvoltage protection element An overvoltage protection element for discharging transient overvoltages with at least two electrodes, with at least one ignition element of insulating material located between the electrodes, and with an air breakdown spark gap which acts between the electrodes, when the air breakdown spark gap is ignited an arc being formed between the two electrodes. An overvoltage protection element is provided with an ignition element which can be produced especially easily, the ignition element being made and arranged such that, between the two electrodes, there is an area of weakened insulation (ignition area) and when there is a voltage on the ignition element, a discharge on the surface of the ignition element leads to a conductive connection between the two electrodes, the conductive connection having a low current carrying capacity.
US07817393B2	Power distribution switch circuits with fast responses to hard short-circuits Methods and apparatus to provide power distribution switch circuits with fast responses to hard short-circuits are disclosed. In one example, a power distribution switch to detect a hard short-circuit condition is described, comprising a switching device having a resistance between an input terminal and an output terminal, to conduct a current from an input power source having an input voltage to an output terminal having an output voltage, a voltage feedback loop having a digital output voltage to increase the resistance of the switching device in response to a short-circuit based on the output voltage, and an analog current feedback loop to increase the resistance of the switching device based on a current through the switching device and a reference current.
US07817388B2	Latch-up protection circuit for LCD driver IC A latch-up protection circuit for LCD driver is provided. The latch-up protection circuit for LCD driver comprises an NMOS, a switch and a capacitor. The NMOS comprises a drain electrically connected to a ground; a source electrically connected to a negative voltage source; and a gate. The switch is electrically connected to the gate to receive a control signal, wherein the switch switches between a positive voltage source and the negative voltage source according to the control signal; and the capacitor is electrically connected to the positive voltage source and the gate.
US07817387B2	MIGFET circuit with ESD protection An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protected circuit is coupled to a power supply voltage rail and includes a multiple independent gate field effect transistor (MIGFET), a pre-driver, and a hot gate bias circuit. The MIGFET has a source/drain path coupled between an output pad and the power supply voltage rail and has a first gate terminal and a second gate terminal. The pre-driver circuit has an output. The hot gate bias circuit is coupled to the first gate terminal of the MIGFET, and the output of the pre-driver circuit is coupled to the second gate terminal of the MIGFET. The hot gate bias circuit is configured to apply a bias voltage to the first gate terminal of the MIGFET during an ESD event that increases the breakdown voltage of the MIGFET so as to better withstand the ESD event.
US07817385B2	Semiconductor device including ESD protection field effect transistor with adjustable back gate potential In a semiconductor device including two circuit blocks, an ESD protection circuit between power supply terminals (or ground terminals) of the two circuit blocks having the same voltage level as each other is constructed by at least one diode-connected field effect transistor whose back gate potential is adjusted by a back gate potential adjusting circuit. As a result, the absolute value of the threshold voltage and the ON resistance of the ESD protection circuit can be changed in accordance with whether the operation mode is an ESD protection operation mode or a usual operation mode.
US07817383B2	Windscreen wiper comprising a protection device for the electric motor thereof A windscreen wiper, including a protection device for an electric motor for drive thereof, and corresponding method. The windscreen wiper includes a DC motor with first, second, and third carbon contacts rubbing on a rotor thereof. The first carbon contact is ground, the second is selectively connected to a DC current supply, and the third is connected to neither the ground nor the DC current supply. A sub-assembly for detection of sticking of the electric motor provides information on the sticking of the motor. A voltage measuring device between the first and the third carbon contacts permits taking a first measured voltage value that is compared to a first threshold value to generate further second information on the sticking of the electric motor if the voltage is lower than the first threshold value.
US07817381B2	Thin film magnetic head which suppresses inflow of magnetic generated by bias-applying layers into a free layer from a layering direction A thin film magnetic head comprises a lower magnetic shield layer and an upper magnetic shield layer which are mutually opposed in the layering direction, a magnetoresistance effect element having a free layer, and a bias-applying layer which applies a bias magnetic field to the magnetoresistance effect element. The free layer is positioned between the lower magnetic shield layer and the upper magnetic shield layer, and is positioned on the side of the media-opposed surface. The bias-applying layer has a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion. The first portion and the second portion are positioned at a distance in the track width direction so as to enclose the magnetoresistance effect element therebetween. The third portion is positioned either between the magnetoresistance effect element and the lower magnetic shield layer or between the magnetoresistance effect element and the upper magnetic shield layer, and connects the first portion and the second portion.
US07817378B2	Slider air bearing with asymetric side rail A head slider for a magnetic disk drive is provided. The head slider includes a leading edge, a trailing edge, an inner diameter side and an outer diameter side of an air bearing surface. The head slider further includes a first recess on the air bearing surface of the head slider, the first recess defining a first rail proximate the inner diameter side and a second rail proximate the outer diameter side wherein the first rail and the second rail are higher with respect to the recess and are asymmetrical with respect to each other.
US07817377B2	Original disk fabrication method, magnetic recording medium manufacturing method and magnetic recording medium It is made possible to fabricate a bit-patterned magnetic recording medium having a high recording density and making favorable address deciphering possible. An original disk fabrication method for irradiating a photosensitive resin film with an electron beam to draw a pattern, the method includes: irradiating the electron beam by using a plurality of blanking signals every rotation of a stage per bit unit, when drawing the pattern in a part corresponding to an address part on a photosensitive resin film.
US07817372B2	Head flying height control method, write current value determining method, and storage device A head flying height control method includes the steps of: detecting contact of a head having a heater with a corresponding storage medium, and associating the amount of heat generated by the heater when the contact is detected with a situation where the flying height of the head is zero; measuring at least one type of characteristics that are the saturation characteristics of the read margin of data written on the storage medium with the head, and the saturation characteristics of the electromagnetic conversion characteristics of the head, the measuring step being carried out every time the flying height of the head is varied, with a reference being the situation where the flying height of the head is zero, the current used for writing the data being a parameter in the saturation characteristics; and adjusting the flying height of the head, based on the measurement result of the measuring step.
US07817367B2	Apparatus, signal-processing circuit and device for magnetic recording system To effectively suppress a signal in a low frequency region in which the medium noise and the signal distortion are concentrated, and in order to effectively utilize a detected component of the reproduced signal in the low frequency region, a target of partial response equalization to the perpendicularly recorded/reproduced signal is set so that the low-frequency component around the direct current is suppressed to a regulated quantity for both the effective suppression and the effective utilization. Accordingly, a maximum-likelihood decoding process is carried out through the target of partial response equalization. Reliability of data detection is made higher and a signal-to-noise ratio is improved, so that the noise from the recording medium can be reduced more and it is possible to provide a high-density magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus.
US07817363B2	Single-pass defect detection for hard-disk drive systems In one embodiment, defects are detected on the face of a hard-disk drive platter. A preamble, a sync mark, user or pseudorandom data, and a data pad are written to every sector on a track of the platter. Inter-sector gaps that separate consecutive sectors are overwritten with a fixed data pattern such that consecutive sectors are in phase lock with one another. After the track has been written, the track is read back and analyzed. Consecutive sectors are analyzed continuously without stopping. The preambles, sync marks, data pads, and overwritten inter-sector gaps are analyzed using suitable flaw-scan techniques. The user or pseudorandom data is analyzed using both data-integrity checks and suitable flaw-scan techniques. This process is repeated for all tracks on the disk, and defect detection is completed when all tracks have been analyzed.
US07817361B2	Beam direction control element and method of manufacturing same A beam direction control element has transparent areas and light absorption areas alternately arranged on a surface of a substrate, wherein the light absorption areas function as a louver for controlling the direction of a beam of light. The beam direction control element is manufactured by disposing an optically transparent material on a first transparent substrate to form transparent ridges which constitute the transparent areas, filling curable and photo-absorptive fluid in gaps between the transparent ridges, and then curing the fluid to form the light absorption areas.
US07817352B2	Zoom lens and camera with zoom lens A zoom lens of variable power ratio of the order of 3 in which the whole of the zoom lens is made up of three lens elements groups and the power configuration of each of the groups has an arrangement of negative, positive, and negative. The zoom lens includes, sequentially from an object side thereof, a first lens elements group which has a negative refraction power as a whole, a second lens elements group which has a positive refraction power as a whole, and a third lens element group, which has a negative refraction power as a whole. A variable power is realized by shifting the positions of the first and second lens elements group in the direction of an optical axis thereof.
US07817350B2	Zoom lens system, imaging device and camera An object of the present invention is to provide: a zoom lens system that has a high resolution, high capability of compensating curvature of field, a high zoom ratio of, for example, 3 or greater, a reduced weight, and a reduced overall optical length at the time of non-use; and an imaging device and a camera that employ this zoom lens system so as to have a reduced thickness and excellent portability as well as high performance. The zoom lens system forms an optical image of an object with variable magnification and, in order from the object side to the image side, comprises: a first lens unit having negative optical power; a second lens unit that has positive optical power and that contains a bi-convex lens element composed of a resin material and serving as the most image side lens element; and a third lens unit having positive optical power. Then, the lens units move respectively along the optical axis in such a manner that intervals between the individual lens units should vary so that the variable magnification is achieved. Further, the condition \|(R2mi1+R2mi2)/(R2mi1−R2mi2)\|<1.0 (R2mi1 is a radius of curvature on the object side of the most image side lens element of the second lens unit, while R2mi2 is a radius of curvature on the image side of the most image side lens element of the second lens unit) is satisfied. The imaging device and the camera employ this zoom lens system.
US07817333B2	Modulator with improved sensitivity and life time An electro-optic modulator assembly includes a sensor layer made from an electro-optic modulator material that comprises liquid crystal droplets encapsulated within a polymer matrix. The sensor layer material comprises an interfacial agent, for example a defoaming agent, in an amount sufficient to lower an intrinsic operating voltage at which the sensor layer transmits light. The defoaming agent can comprise from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight of the electro-optic modulator material, and the defoaming agent may comprise a reactive component to react with the polymer matrix, for example at least one of a siloxane with a reactive end group, a reactive fluorinated polymer or a non-ionic block copolymer to react with the polymer matrix. The assembly can also include a hard coating layer to protect the sensor layer.
US07817329B2	2-channel display system comprising micro electro mechanical systems The 2-channel display system with micro electromechanical systems (MEMS, e.g. DMDs from Texas Instruments) simultaneously generates a right and a left image in two discrete modulation channels, which differ by the polarization of their light beams. More specifically, the invention relates to the chirality (handedness) of MEMS and the geometric problems associated with this handedness in superposition systems. In this application we uncover a solution to superpose the images modulated by identical MEMSs which have their mirror deflection axes oriented parallel to an axis of symmetry of the image raster of the MEMSs.
US07817318B2	Oscillating system and optical deflector Disclosed is an oscillating system arranged so that a gravity center of a movable member and a torsional axis of a resilient support are easily registered with each other to prevent deformation of the movable member due to its dead weight or deviation of deformation from symmetrical deformation, wherein the oscillating system includes a substrate 301, a movable member 302 with hard magnetic members 310 and 311, resilient supports 304 and 305 for supporting the movable member for torsional vibration about a torsional axis 312 with respect to the substrate, and a magnetic field producing device for driving the movable member relative to the substrate, wherein the movable member 302 has recesses 306 and 307, and wherein the hard magnetic members are fixed while their end portions are aligned with end faces 308 and 309 corresponding to the recesses.
US07817317B2	Image reading apparatus and shading correction data generating method An image reading apparatus capable of generating accurate shading correction data while removing noise. A shading reference plate is arranged at a location having different optical distance between the location and an image sensor in an image reading unit from optical distance between original reading position and said image sensor. The shading reference plate is read by the image reading unit whereby secondary reference data is acquired, and a reference sheet is read which is put on a position substantially identical to the original reading position whereby primary reference data is acquired. Primary and secondary correction data is generated based on the primary and secondary reference data, and correction coefficient data is generated based on the primary and secondary correction data. Shading correction data is generated based on read data of the shading reference plate and the correction coefficient data. The shading correction of the images of original read by the image reading unit is performed based on the shading correction data.
US07817314B2	Image reading apparatus and multifunction apparatus including the same An image reading apparatus includes a document mounting table, a document cover disposed above the document mounting table and provided to be displaceable between a position in which the mounted document is covered and a position in which the document mounting table is opened, an automatic document feeder delivering and discharging the document to an upper surface of the document cover, a reading unit that reads an image on a surface of the mounted document or an image on a surface of the document delivered by the automatic document feeder; and a panel disposed on the document cover. The panel includes an installation surface provided with a display portion or an operating portion. The panel also includes a regulating surface which is protruded from the upper surface and which regulates a position of an end of the document discharged through the automatic document feeder.
US07817309B2	Double filter fax cover page An approach is provided wherein a banner page is detected and modified to insert information appropriate for a fax cover page. According to one embodiment, a user submits a document to the OS printing sub-system with a banner page option enabled. The banner page is processed by a fax cover filter which detects the banner page and modifies the banner page to include fax cover page information. The banner page and the document are then rendered to a specified document format by the printing subsystem and faxed, for example by a MFP.
US07817303B2	Image processing and image forming with modification of a particular class of colors This invention provides an image processing device and a printing apparatus that obviate the need for manual processing on the part of the user or operator and which can automatically perform an optimum image correction without using added information such as photographing information. For this purpose, this invention including: a highly chromatic color area detection unit to detect highly chromatic color area in an original image according to the input color image data; a concentration calculation unit to calculate a concentration level of the highly chromatic color area; and a print data generation unit to generate output color image data according to the concentration level of the highly chromatic color area.
US07817295B2	Method and system for modified document transfer via computer network transfer protocols A method transmitting a facsimile or scanned image to an electronic destination address includes receiving the facsimile or scanned image including a digitized instruction page including an optical representation of the electronic destination address, wherein the digitized instruction page is encoded in a first format, determining the electronic destination address from the optical representation of the electronic destination address, wherein the electronic destination address need not be known prior to receiving the facsimile or scanned image, converting the digitized instruction page to a second format, determining additional service provider data, and transmitting the additional service provider data and the digitized representation of the instruction page encoded in the second format to the electronic destination address.
US07817290B2	System and method for transmitting analyzed image content information for print engine control An image rendering system includes a digital front end to electronically analyze image data to generate geometry dependent image content information. A print engine, operatively connected to the digital front end, renders the image data. A print engine controller, operatively connected to the digital front end and the print engine, controls various parameters of the print engine. The digital front end transmits the image content information to the print engine controller. The print engine controller adjusts a parameter of the print engine based on the transmitted image content information. The transmitted image content information may be coverage information, reload information, and/or toner pile height information. The parameter of the print engine adjusted based upon the transmitted image content information may be fuser temperature and/or process speed of a developer housing and/or flow rate of toner into a developer housing.
US07817288B2	Device and method for measuring profiles of electron beam and laser beam A device for measuring profiles of an electron beam and a laser beam is provided with a profile measuring device 30 for measuring cross-section profiles of the beams in the vicinity of a collision position where an electron beam 1 and a laser beam 3 are brought into frontal collision, and a moving device 40 for continuously moving the profile measuring device in a predetermined direction which substantially coincides with the axial directions of the beams. Furthermore, based on the cross-section profiles measured by the profile measuring device, the position of the profile measuring device in the predetermined direction, and the oscillation timings of the beams, temporal changes in three-dimensional profiles of the electron beam and the laser beam are created by a profile creating device 50.
US07817287B2	Optical three-dimensional measurement device and filter process method This is an optical three-dimensional measurement device provided with observation illumination light for illuminating an observation specimen, an object lens for collecting the observation light on the observation specimen and a display unit for displaying an observation image and its measurement result that are obtained via the object lens. The optical three-dimensional measurement device comprises a filter process determination unit for determining a first filter process on the basis of observation conditions used when taking in a three-dimensional image of the observation specimen and a filter process unit for applying the first filter process determined by the filter process determination unit to the measurement image or the measurement result.
US07817286B2	Iteration method to improve the fly height measurement accuracy by optical interference method and theoretical pitch and roll effect In one embodiment and method of the present invention, an optical interference fly height (FH) test apparatus for measuring FH is disclosed, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, to include a slider, a transparent disk, means for directing a light beam directed between the slider and the disk, and means for iteratively measuring an estimated FH using at least two points of measurement on the slider when the slider is moved away from the disk at a pitch angle, wherein the estimated FH is computed as a function of the pitch angle and during each iteration, a previously-estimated FH is used to converge the estimated FH so that the estimated FH is within a predetermined range from the actual FH.
US07817250B2	Microlithographic projection exposure apparatus The disclosure relates to a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus, as well as related components and methods. In some embodiments, a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus includes an illumination system and a projection objective, where the illumination system can illuminate an object plane of the projection objective and the projection objective can produce the image of the object plane on an image plane. A polarization-dependent transmission can be produced in the illumination system such that, for at least one polarization distribution in respect of the light impinging on the object plane, a non-homogeneous intensity distribution in the object plane is obtained. The non-homogeneous intensity distribution can afford a homogeneous intensity distribution in the image plane by virtue of polarization-dependent transmission properties of the projection objective.
US07817245B2	Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method An immersion lithographic apparatus and method are disclosed in which measures are taken to account for dissolution of resist components, such as photo-acids or photo-acid generators, in immersion liquid. This may involve ensuring that each relevant part of the substrate is covered by liquid the same amount of time and/or by compensating for the differing amounts of time each relevant part of the substrate is covered by liquid by varying exposure intensity or duration based on the amount of time the substrate is covered by liquid.
US07817240B2	Thin film transistor array substrate having particular pixel electrode and patterned upper electrode A thin film transistor array substrate including a substrate, scan lines, data lines, thin film transistors, pixel electrodes, common lines and a patterned upper electrode is provided. The scan lines and the data lines are disposed over the substrate to define pixel areas. Each thin film transistor is disposed within one of the pixel areas and is driven by one of the scan lines and data lines. Each pixel electrode is disposed within one of the pixel areas and is electrically connected to one of the thin film transistors. Common lines are disposed over the substrate such that a portion area of each pixel electrode is located above one of the common lines. The pattern upper electrode includes sub-upper electrodes disposed between the pixel electrode and the common line. The sub-upper electrodes are electrically connected to the pixel electrodes for coupling with the common lines to form a storage capacitor.
US07817227B2	Array substrate, display panel having the same and method of manufacturing the same In an array substrate, the array substrate includes an insulation member in each pixel area and a color filter layer that surrounds each insulation member. The color filter layer includes color filters having two or more colors that are different from each other, and a color filter is formed in each pixel area. An insulation member is arranged in each pixel area and all the insulation members include the same material. The insulation members are partially removed in each pixel area to form contact holes having the same size.
US07817226B2	Liquid crystal display device A liquid crystal display device comprises: a first substrate having a first polarization layer on a light incident side; a second substrate having a second polarization layer on a light outgoing side; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and the second substrates; a first birefringent film disposed between the first and the second polarization layers; a second birefringent film disposed between the first birefringent film and the second polarization layer; and wherein the liquid crystal layer has a property that a refractive index anisotropy is induced in it by an electric field applied between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode; wherein in-plane retarded phase axes of the first and the second birefringent films form an angle of from 88 degrees to 92 degrees with the first polarization layer; wherein the first birefringent films have Nz coefficients greater than 0.5 and smaller than 0.5, respectively.
US07817219B2	Liquid crystal display device comprising a passivation layer having a depression or cavity at the steps of the source and drain electrodes A liquid crystal display device is disclosed, which comprises an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The lower substrate has several pixel electrodes, metal lines, and switch elements thereon. Each switch element comprises a source electrode, a drain electrode, a gate electrode, and an opening between the source electrode and the drain electrode. A passivation layer covering the surface of the source electrode and the drain electrode forms two inclined planes separately on two sides. The two inclined planes face each other and are locating on a kink or step of the source electrode and drain electrode. The inclined planes also contact each other at the upper side of the opening. The inclinations of the inclined planes to the lower substrate are in a range from 5 to 50 degrees.
US07817217B2	Liquid crystal display device having ESD protection functionality A liquid crystal display (LCD) device having electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection functionality is disclosed. The LCD device includes a flexible printed circuit board, an LCD panel, a lighting module, a first ESD protection unit, and a second ESD protection unit. The lighting module is disposed on the flexible printed circuit board. The first ESD protection unit is disposed in the LCD panel and is coupled between the first end of the lighting module and the ground of the flexible printed circuit board. The second ESD protection unit is disposed in the LCD panel and is coupled between the second end of the lighting module and the ground of the flexible printed circuit board.
US07817207B2	Image signal processing device An image signal processing device, which uses a horizontal synchronizing signal detector to find a frequency (period) of an original horizontal synchronizing signal from an external input horizontal synchronizing signal and provide an internal reference horizontal synchronizing signal with the same frequency same as the original horizontal synchronizing signal to a horizontal synchronizing signal output controller for determining to output the external input horizontal synchronizing signal according to the frequency of the internal reference horizontal synchronizing signal and filtering out the original horizontal synchronizing signal.
US07817204B2	Optical device module and method for fabricating the same A solid-state image sensor includes a first image sensing device, a first flexible substrate connected to the first image sensing device, a second solid-state image sensing device, and a second flexible substrate connected to the second solid-state image sensing device. The solid-state image sensing devices are disposed adjacently to each other such that light receiving surfaces are perpendicular to each other. The second solid-state image sensing device directly receives incident light. However, the first solid-state image sensing device receives the incident light reflected by a mirror. Electronic components are mounted on the two flexible substrates. The first flexible substrate is bent at two bending positions to face the second flexible substrate and electrically connected thereto.
US07817197B2	Optical black calibration Preview mode low-resolution readouts occur, and then a shutter button on a camera is pressed, which causes an image sensor cleanout operation to occur. Following the cleanout, a high-resolution readout occurs. As rows of sensor values are read, the first rows are rows corresponding to a pre-defined horizontally-extending shielded area. There are no valid area sensor elements to either side of the horizontally-extending area. Data values read from the horizontally-extending area are used to determine optical black (OB) values that are then used to adjust the valid area values read out of the image sensor in that same frame. The same OB values are used throughout the adjusting of the valid area values of the entire frame. No values from the preview readouts are used in the OB value determination, so there is a clean break between the preview mode OB level and the high-resolution capture OB level.
US07817188B2	Circuit used in digitizing analog video from an image pixel array Disclosed herein is a camera system and camera controller having a modularized design. Camera control functions within the controller are distributed among a number of modules, each module performing a component task of controlling a camera. Individual modules can perform tasks such as generating clock signals, digitizing an analog video signal, and providing multiplexed digital video output. Modules communicate with each other over a common bus sufficient to carry the signals necessary to control the camera. The system implements a RAM-based digital sequencer that provides the capability of loading bit patterns into memory and using these patterns to generate waveforms for clocking a CCD. Clock and readout sequences can be composed in a high level language, compiled and uploaded into the controller. Adjustable clamp and sample signal delays used in digitizing an analog video signal provide the capability to optimize the performance of the system in a given application.
US07817187B2	Image blur correction using a secondary camera A device that employs a secondary camera for use in image blur correction. The device includes a first camera that acquires a digital image and a second camera that acquires a series of digital images that enable a determination of a motion of the device during acquisition of the digital image. The determined motion may be used to correct an image blur in the digital image acquired with the primary camera.
US07817183B2	Detection device to be installed on a road for detecting environmental conditions and monitoring and controlling traffic A system with a multifunctional integrated visual sensor using a CMOS or CCD technology matrix having a sensitive area divided into Sub-areas dedicated to a series of specific functions.
US07817174B2	Direct image-recording device and image forming apparatus equipped therewith A direct image-recording device in which a predetermined gap set between an image carrier and a hole forming member can be maintained, and an image forming apparatus provided with the direct image-recording device. In the direct image-recording device including: housing that accommodates an agent; an agent carrier that is rotatably supported by the housing and faces outside from an opening formed in the housing; a sheet-like hole forming member having a plurality of holes formed therein and facing the agent carrier at a predetermined distance therefrom; and a plurality of electrodes, by which the agent flies, provided at the hole forming member correspondingly to each of the plurality of holes and form an electric field causing the agent to fly selectively from the agent carrier toward the hole, a positioning member is provided at the housing so as to cover the agent carrier, the positioning member being configured to hold the hole forming member along the axial direction of the agent carrier by a side wall of the positioning member that has open portions formed in locations at least opposing the plurality of holes formed in the hole forming member, and configured to position the holes relative to the agent carrier so that the relative positions of the agent carrier and the holes are in a predetermined positional relationship.
US07817169B2	Display device The present invention provides a display device which can reduce motion picture blurring while suppressing the lowering of luminance, the lowering of contrast or the increase of electric power necessary for emission of light. In a hold-type display device which holds a display of gradations for 1 frame period, each pixel displays 1 gradation required by an external system by displaying a plurality of gradations within 1 frame period, and the plurality of gradations within 1 frame period is displayed based on voltages which are generated by gradation voltage generation circuits which differ from each other.
US07817168B2	Image display control apparatus and program for controlling same In a display screen of an image display device, plural menu items in a higher rank menu hierarchy are displayed in a first circular arrangement, and plural menu items in a lower rank menu hierarchy that is subsidiary to the higher rank menu hierarchy is displayed in a second circular arrangement that concentrically surrounds the first circular arrangement with a greater diameter than the first circular arrangement. In addition, a pointed-out portion in the display screen is identified according to a user operation to an operation device, and a function of a menu item in the lower rank menu hierarchy being in association with the identified pointed-out portion is realized by a processing for the function. Each of the menu items in the lower rank menu hierarchy is arranged in a position in a manner that expresses the subordination of the lower rank menu item to one of the menu items in the higher rank menu hierarchy.
US07817157B2	Method and apparatus for capturing slices of video data A remote management controller may include a capture engine and a processor. The capture engine may be configured to obtain a slice of video data output from a video graphics controller, store the slice of video data, and calculate at least one value correlative to the slice of video data. The processor may be configured to retrieve the slice of video data stored by the capture engine and process any changed portion of the slice of video data for transmission to a remote system.
US07817155B2	Master/slave graphics adapter arrangement A computing device includes first and second graphics adapters. A graphics processor of the first graphics adapter acts as a master graphics processor, while a second graphics adapter acts as a slave. The master graphics processor renders graphics to be displayed on multiple separate displays within memory of the first graphics adapter. Images to be displayed on one of the displays are transferred to memory used by the second graphics adapter. The display interface of the second graphics adapter presents images within the memory of the second graphics adapter on at least one of the multiple displays. In this way, device electronics forming the display interface, as well as ports of the second adapter, acting as a slave, may be utilized. In one embodiment, an application creates a single larger image, rendered within the memory of the first graphics adapter. The larger image is then presented as the first and second smaller images on the multiple displays. In this way, an end user sees the multiple images as a single large image across the multiple displays.
US07817146B2	Sheet, display medium unit, sheet attaching device, and sheet detaching device The present invention provides a sheet with plural wireless measuring units, each of which, when a radio signal is sent, measures physical quantity surrounding itself by using the radio signal as an energy source, and generates and sends a radio signal having an attribute reflecting the measured physical quantity.
US07817133B2	Electrophoretic display panel The electrophoretic display panel (1) for displaying a picture and a subsequent picture has drive means (100) which are able to control for each pixel (2) the potential difference to have a picture value to provide the pixels (2) with a respective picture appearance being either extreme or intermediate, subsequently to have an inter-picture value to provide the pixels (2) with a respective inter-picture appearance, and subsequently to have a subsequent picture value. For the display panel (1) to be able to provide the pixels (2) with the inter-picture appearances which are in general relatively little visible, the drive means (100) are able to control for each pixel (2) an estimate potential difference as the inter-picture value to provide the pixels (2) with a respective estimate picture appearance as the inter-picture appearance.
US07817129B2	Integrated line selection apparatus within active matrix arrays An integrated line selection apparatus within active matrix arrays is described. The circuit includes multiple gate line drive transistor devices, each gate line drive transistor device having a drain coupled to a gate line of multiple gate lines in a gate line driver circuit coupled to an active matrix array and a source to receive an input signal. The circuit further includes at least one address line transistor device corresponding to each gate line transistor device, each address line transistor device having a drain coupled to a gate of the corresponding gate line drive transistor device and a gate coupled to a corresponding address line, such that by asserting a predetermined combination of voltages on the plurality of address lines, a single gate line of said plurality of gate lines is selected to receive the input signal to be transmitted to a corresponding pixel within the corresponding active matrix array.
US07817127B2	Image display apparatus, signal processing apparatus, image processing method, and computer program product An image display apparatus includes the following elements. A frame controller divides an input image frame in a time-division manner to generate a plurality of sub-frames. A high-frequency-enhanced sub-frame generator performs filtering processing on the plurality of sub-frames generated by the frame controller to generate high-frequency-enhanced sub-frames. A high-frequency-suppressed sub-frame generator performs filtering processing on the plurality of sub-frames generated by the frame controller to generate high-frequency-suppressed sub-frames. An output controller alternately outputs the high-frequency-enhanced sub-frames and the high-frequency-suppressed sub-frames. A display unit performs frame-hold-type display processing and alternately displays the high-frequency-enhanced sub-frames and the high-frequency-suppressed sub-frames output from the output controller.
US07817125B2	Display device In a display device in which each pixel includes a thin film transistor which is turned on in response to a scanning signal from a gate signal line, and an electrode to which a video signal from a drain signal line is supplied through the thin film transistor, the scanning signal allows a voltage level thereof which turns on the thin film transistor to have a valley portion which decreases the voltage level in a midst portion thereof, and the decreased voltage level of the valley portion is set to a value which is equal to or more than a voltage level which turns off the thin film transistor.
US07817120B2	System for displaying image and driving display element method A pixel driving circuit with threshold voltage and power supply voltage compensation. The pixel circuit includes a storage capacitor, a transistor, a transfer circuit, a driving element, and a switching circuit. The transistor has a gate coupled to a discharge signal and is coupled between a first node and a second node. The discharge signal directs the transistor to turn on and then discharges the storage capacitor in a first period. The transfer circuit transfers a data signal or a reference signal to a first node of the storage capacitor. The driving element has a first terminal coupled to a first voltage, a second terminal coupled to a second node of the storage capacitor and a third terminal outputting a driving current. The switching circuit is coupled between the driving element and a display element. The switching circuit can be controlled to diode-connect the driving element in a second period, allowing the driving current to be output to the display element in a third time period.
US07817118B2	Display device A display device in which measurement emissive elements that emit light in accordance with a drive current are arranged in a matrix within a display region, the display device includes a measurement emissive element which is formed in a position different from the display region and formed by the same process as the organic EL elements formed in the display region; drive voltage supply circuit for supplying drive voltage to the measurement emissive element; and drive state detection circuit for detecting the drive state of the measurement emissive element in the case where the drive voltage is supplied by the drive voltage supply circuit.
US07817117B2	Semiconductor device, display device, and electronic device A pixel includes a load, a transistor which controls a current supplied to the load, a storage capacitor, and first to fourth switches. By inputting a potential in accordance with a video signal into the pixel after the threshold voltage of the transistor is held in the storage capacitor, and holding a voltage of the sum of the threshold voltage and the potential, variations of a current value caused by variations of threshold voltage of a transistor can be suppressed. Consequently, a predetermined current can be supplied to the load such as a light-emitting element. Further, by changing the potential of a power supply line, a display device with a high duty ratio can be provided.
US07817115B2	Image display apparatus An image display apparatus includes a plurality of display devices, a member arranged in the vicinity of the display devices, and a driving circuit to which an image signal corresponding to a quantity of light emitted from the light emitting region is inputted and which outputs a drive signal for driving the display devices. The driving circuit includes a correction circuit for correcting the image signal, with the drive circuit outputting the drive signal according to the corrected image signal. When the plurality of display devices is driven in accordance with the drive signal, a quantity of light emitted from a predetermined light emitting region correlating to a predetermined display device in the plurality of display devices is influenced by driving an adjacent display device and by the member. In a case where a first image signal as the image signal is inputted to the driving circuit within a first frame period, and a second image signal as the image signal is inputted to the driving circuit within a second frame period other than the first frame period, and the driving circuit outputs the drive signal corresponding to the second image signal, the correction circuit obtains a correction value to compensate for the influence caused by driving the plurality of display devices according to the drive signal corresponding to the first image signal, based on the first image signal, and the correction circuit corrects the second image signal based on the correction value and the second image signal.
US07817111B2	Plasma display device A plasma display device may include a plasma display panel, a chassis arranged on one side of the plasma display panel, the chassis supporting the plasma display panel, a plurality of circuit units arranged on one surface of the chassis, the circuit units generating electrical signals that are used to drive the plasma display panel, a signal transmission member linking the circuit units to each other and to the plasma display panel so as to transmit the electrical signals, a coupling member installed on at least one of the circuit units, coupling the signal transmission member to at least one of the circuit units, and a foreign material blocking member installed on at least one of the circuit units, preventing a foreign material from intruding into the coupling member.
US07817110B2	Plasma display apparatus having enhanced discharge stability and driving thereof Provided is a plasma display apparatus and a method of driving the same. The plasma display apparatus includes a scan driver. The scan driver supplies a first driving signal to the scan electrode in a first subfield during a first reset period, a first address period, and a first sustain period. The scan driver supplies a second driving signal to the scan electrode, during a second reset period having a different time duration from the first reset period, a second address period having a different time duration from the first address period, and a second sustain period having a different time duration from the first sustain period. At least one of the dielectric layer or the protective layer includes 1000 PPM (parts per million) or less of lead(Pb).
US07817102B2	Antenna, and radio-frequency identification tag An antenna connected to a circuit portion and configured to effect transmission and reception of information by radio communication, the antenna including a driven meander line portion which has a feed section connected to the circuit portion and which is a line conductor formed in a meandering pattern, and a parasitic meander line portion which does not have a feed section connected to the circuit portion and which is a line conductor formed in a meandering pattern, the parasitic meander line portion being positioned relative to the driven meander line portion, so as to influence an input impedance of the driven meander line portion, wherein the driven and parasitic line portions have respective extensions of the line conductors formed at respective opposite longitudinal ends of the antenna. Also disclosed in a transponder in the form of a radio-frequency identification tag including the antenna and capable of radio communication with an interrogator.
US07817101B2	Dual polarized multifilar antenna Various embodiments are described of an antenna including a common ground plane, a first set of N approximately resonant elements with a length I2 and a second set of M approximately resonant elements with a length I1. The first set of N approximately resonant elements are wound to form a first helix with an initial diameter d2 and a height h2. The second set of M approximately resonant elements are wound in the opposite direction to the first set of N approximately resonant elements to form a second helix. The second helix is centrally disposed within the first helix, and d1 is less than d2 and h1 is greater than h2.
US07817094B2	Antenna, and wireless module, wireless unit and wireless apparatus having the antenna In an antenna that has high sensitivity to frequencies of narrow bands and over a wide band and that can be small-sized, and in a wireless module, wireless unit and wireless apparatus using this antenna, the antenna is comprised of a transmission line, and variable capacitance means connected to this transmission line, and the variable capacitance means controls the resonant frequency.
US07817091B2	Single input multiple output (SIMO) ranging and positioning systems A method estimates a delay in a time of arrival (TOA) of a transmitted signal by receiving the transmitted signal at multiple antennas via corresponding channels. Each received signal is correlated with the transmitted signal to obtain estimated channel coefficients and an estimated TOA. A variance of noise is also obtained for each received signal. A weight is determined for each received signal by dividing the channel coefficients by the variance of the noise. The weights are summed, and each weight is multiplied by the estimated TOA to produce a weighted estimated TOA, which are also summed. The summed weighted estimated TOA are divided by the summed weights to determine a final TOA estimate with respect to the transmitted signal.
US07817089B2	Beamformer using cascade multi-order factors, and a signal receiving system incorporating the same A beamformer includes a number (T) of consecutive combining stages. A Tth combining stage includes a converging unit. Each of first to (T−1)th combining stages includes a plurality of converging units. The number of the converging units in a preceding combining stage is greater than that of a succeeding combining stage. Each converging unit in the first combining stage combines three arrival signals from an antenna array in accordance with corresponding weights so as to form an output signal. Each converging unit in each of second to (T−1)th combining stages combines output signals of three corresponding converging units in an immediately preceding combining stage in accordance with corresponding weights so as to form an output signal. The converging unit of the Tth combining stage combines the output signals from the converging units in the (T−1)th combining stage in accordance with corresponding weights so as to form an output signal that serves as an array pattern.
US07817085B2	Position privacy in an electronic device A privacy enhancement device for electronic device such as a cellular telephone. The privacy enhancement device may include a jammer which may produces false information, e.g. false information indicative of pseudo ranges. In addition, the navigation information used on the position detecting device may be locally stored versions of dynamically changing information. The navigation operation may be carried out using a Web service.
US07817083B2	Adaptive moving target indicator (MTI) clutter rejection filter for radar systems Apparatus for providing moving target indicator (MTI) filtering in the presence of clutter for a radar receiver employing digital pulse compression to provide at an output a compressed digital pulse for application to the input of a MTI digital filter, including a digital adaptive filter of the same weight as the MTI filter and operative to receive the compressed pulse to provide at outputs of the filter a set of weighted filter coefficients, wherein the weighted coefficients are applied to the MTI filter during a predetermined clutter mode.
US07817080B2	Ranging and communication multifunction system A ranging and communication multifunction system including a transmission unit and a receiving unit, and integrates two functions of ranging and communication in which the transmission unit includes a transmission circuit, a carrier wave modification device, and a transmission antenna. The receiving unit includes a receiving circuit, a wave detector, a low noise amplifier, and a receiving antenna, and a data modulation performed in the transmission circuit uses a PPM system. Thus, the receiving circuit provides a ranging circuit and a communication separately, so that the demodulation processing of ranging and communication can be performed in parallel.
US07817079B1	System and method for collection of global AIS and radar track information Methods and apparatuses are described that enable the automatic collection of maritime vessel location information within a global or regional framework by using a minimum network of vessels outfitted with non-intrusive AIS data collection systems. The network of vessels may comprise standard ships operating within their normal commercial or private tasks. By utilizing these non-specially tasked vessels and augmenting the received AIS reports with onboard radar/navigation information, accurate global or regional tracking information can be generated at a centralized location without incurring large costs.
US07817075B2	Apparatus for converting MEMS inductive capacitance An apparatus for converting MEMS inductive capacitance to digital is provided, for converting the induced analog voltage of MEMS element into digital signal. The apparatus includes an ADC, a reference voltage circuit and a controller. With the integral circuit and the comparator of the ADC and the reference voltages generated by the reference voltage circuit, the apparatus of the present invention uses the switch signals generated by the controller to generate digital signals. The present invention can also be integrated with MEMS element into a single chip to achieve single-chip MEMS.
US07817074B2	D/A converter A D/A converter (100) includes a delta-sigma modulation circuit (102) including a quantizer (105) that receives a digital signal to quantize it based on a quantization reference value, a local D/A conversion circuit (107) for converting an output from the delta-sigma modulating circuit to an analog signal to be outputted, and a control circuit (109) for correcting the quantization reference value of the quantizer. The quantization reference value is established for each of a plurality of discrete output values that the quantizer may output. The control circuit (109) corrects the quantization reference value to cancel any distortion that would occur in a circuit, following the delta-sigma modulation circuit (102) and including the local D/A conversion circuit (107).
US07817071B2	Low power consumption analog-to-digital converter A low power consumption analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is provided. The switched capacitor circuit and the operational amplifier of the pipelined stage within the present low power consumption ADC are designed to close loop, and the operational amplifier is operated at the incomplete settling of the linear settling, namely, the operational amplifier is not operated at the slew state. Therefore, the pipelined stage would not produce signal dependent distortion, such that the gain error produced by the operational amplifier could be seen as a constant gain error.
US07817058B2	Server signaler A server signaler includes a lamp and a housing containing a battery and a switch. The server signaler may be attached to an advertising support or placed directly on a table top or other surface. Actuation of the switch illuminates the lamp to alert the server that service is required. Another server signaler according to applicant's invention includes an elongated base and telescoping portions to extend the lamp upwardly above the elongated base. Another server signaler provides a card-receiving channel containing switch contacts which are closed by insertion of a card into the channel.
US07817052B2	Printed circuit adapted to detecting accidental heating The invention relates to a printed circuit (10) comprising a support (12) that is insulating under normal conditions of operation of the printed circuit (10). The printed circuit (1) carries at least one component (14) that is capable of accidentally causing undesirable heating of a sensitive zone (Z) of the support (12). For this purpose, the printed circuit (10) further includes a detector for detecting heating of the sensitive zone (Z). The detector comprises a device (26) that are sensitive to the increase in the conductivity of the support (12) with temperature.
US07817042B2	RFID tag management and operation In an example embodiment, an apparatus such as an RFID tag, is configured to operate in a first mode that allows the tag to associate with the network and receive configuration data and to operate in a second mode wherein the apparatus is not associated with the network. The apparatus sends announcement packets while in the second mode in accordance with the configuration data received while in the first mode of operation.
US07817035B2	System and method for effectively determining a physical location of a remote control device A system and method for effectively determining a current physical location of a remote control device includes a television device that is configured to receive television control information over an RC-TV communications link. The remote control device transmits the device control information over the RC-device communications link for controlling various functions of the television device. In situations in which the current physical location of the remote control device is unknown, a system user may initiate a location search procedure with a search trigger event to locate the remote control device. The remote control device then generates one or more location indicators in response to the search trigger event to thereby facilitate determining the current physical location of the remote control device.
US07817034B2	Inventory monitor for an article dispenser A monitoring system for developing information data, for use in association with an opening that provides access for removal by a customer of articles stored in an article storage area. In one embodiment, the monitoring system includes a beam forming device adapted to be arranged about the perimeter of the opening so as to form at least one radiation beam that spans the opening. The radiation beam has a position with respect to the opening that is sufficient to detect manual removal by the customer of one or more of the articles from inside the article storage area, by the article and hand of the customer causing a temporary blockage of at least a portion of the radiation beam as the article and hand of the customer pass through the opening. A processing circuit coupled to the beam forming device senses the blockage of the radiation beam, and in response to the sensing, develops the information data.
US07817033B2	Vehicle locating method and system using a mobile device A system to transmit a location of a vehicle, including: a transmission system including, a first system unit configured to determine a current location using radio signals, a first memory unit storing a database that includes a list of one or more mobile devices, a processor configured to select one of the mobile devices from the database, and a first transmission unit configured to transmit the current location to the selected one of the mobile devices in response to an engine of the vehicle being shut off.
US07817026B2	Apparatus for detecting wheel positions of vehicle based on strengths of trigger signals received by wheel-mounted transceivers Four transceivers are attached to respective wheels of a vehicle. A pair of triggering devices transmit respectively different types of trigger signal, respectively directed toward the front wheels and toward the rear wheels. One triggering device is located closer to one rear wheel than to the other, while the other triggering device is located closer to one front wheel than to the other. Based on the received trigger signal type, a transceiver judges itself to be attached to either a front or a rear wheel, and based on the received trigger signal strength, judges whether it is attached to a right-side or left-side wheel.
US07817022B2	Vision enhancement device for use in vehicle A vision enhancement device for use in a vehicle that improves the frontward vision of an operator during operation. The device has two dividing lines set apart from each other on an instrument panel. These dividing lines show as false image lines on an inside surface of a front window, and divide the inside surface of the front window into a plurality of areas in a vertical direction. A second area formed between these two false image lines forms an appropriate visual field range when the operator looks forward while operating the vehicle. First light emitting means comprising light emitting diodes are disposed at both ends of each of the two dividing lines. The light emitted by these light emitting diodes is directed onto the front window as a false image in accordance with changes in the vehicle state and the environment around the vehicle.
US07817012B2	Arrangement for indicating presence of individual When an entity (such as a customer using a communication device 131, 141, 151 . . . ) attempts to communicate with a target (such as an employee), an arrangement indicates to the customer, “status” information describing at least the employee's present and future ability to communicate with the entity (such as by returning his call). At least one sensing device 111-119 is configured to provide sensing information concerning the target employee's status in response to an action of the target employee with respect to the sensing device. A monitoring server 102 is configured to receive the sensing information and to govern communication to the entity (customer) of the target's “status.” In one implementation, a particular sensing device (such as a cash register 111, computer terminal 112, or time clock 113) is configured to perform both (A) a primary function that is not related to providing the sensing information, and (B) the secondary function of providing the sensing information. In this implementation, the particular sensing device provides the sensing information in response to the person's ordinary use of the particular sensing device as he goes about his job (performing the particular sensing device's primary function), so that the person does not have to explicitly perform any purely presence-related action in order to cause the particular sensing device to communicate the sensing information.
US07817010B2	Temperature probe and method of making the same A temperature probe assembly is provided. The temperature probe assembly may comprise a housing formed of a first thermally conductive material and having an inner diameter defined by an inner bore, an insert formed of a second thermally conductive material disposed in the inner bore and having an outer diameter that is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the housing at a first temperature and a temperature sensor mounted within the insert. The second thermally conductive material has a thermal coefficient of expansion that is greater than the first thermally conductive material, such that the insert is insertable into the inner bore at the first temperature and is tightly locked in the inner bore at a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature.
US07817007B2	Laminated inductor There is provided a laminated inductor including: a body where a plurality of magnetic layers are laminated; a coil part formed on the magnetic layers, the coil part including a plurality of conductor patterns and a plurality of conductive vias; first and second external electrodes formed on an outer surface of the body to connect to both ends of the coil part, respectively; and a non-magnetic conductor formed on at least one of the magnetic layers so as to relax magnetic saturation caused by direct current flowing through the coil part. The laminated inductor employs the non-magnetic conductor as a non-magnetic gap to be simplified in a manufacturing process and effectively improved in DC superposition characteristics.
US07817000B2	Selectively configurable relay A relay, in particular for radio-frequency applications, has at least one first contact electrically connected with a first conductor trace, the first contact in a contact position can be selectively electrically connected by a mechanical actuator with at least two second contacts electrically connected with at least one second conductor trace. The relay has a spatially fixed first circuit board with the first contact and the first conductor trace and a second circuit board with the second contacts and the second conductor trace that can be moved against the first circuit board into various contact positions by the mechanical actuator.
US07816993B2	Temperature compensated crystal oscillator The present invention relates to an integrated circuit for a temperature compensated crystal oscillator having an external crystal. The integrated circuit comprises a temperature compensation having one fixed or at least two selectable 3rd and/or 4th and/or 5th and/or higher order temperature compensation functions for at least one specific type of external crystal. The temperature compensation can be calibrated at one temperature, in other words without use of temperature variation, by means of an external voltage or current source overdriving a respective temperature-dependent voltage or current supplied from an internal temperature sensor to the temperature compensation.
US07816982B2	Switching audio power amplifier with de-noise function The invention provides a switching audio power amplifier with de-noise function, including a first comparator, a second comparator, a logic control unit, a de-noise circuit, and a bridge circuit. The first comparator and the second comparator respectively generate the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal, and then the logic control unit performs logic operation to generate a third PWM signal and a fourth PWM signal. If the pulse width of the third PWM signal (or the fourth PWM signal) is lower than a threshold, the de-noise circuit increases the pulse width of the third PWM signal or the fourth PWM signal and outputs the fifth PWM signal and the sixth PWM signal to drive the bridge circuit. Next, the bridge circuit conducts a driving current alternately flowing to and from a load according to the firth PWM signal and the sixth PWM signal.
US07816981B2	Signal generating apparatus and class-D amplifying apparatus A signal generating apparatus includes: a data generator which generates a data series in which first, second, third and fourth data are arranged at a sampling period; a first signal generator which generates a first pulse-width modulation signal in which a pulse is arranged in a pulse period longer than the sampling period, time points of front and rear edges of the pulse being set in response to the first and second data; and a second signal generator which generates a second pulse-width modulation signal in which a pulse is arranged between the adjacent pulses of the first pulse-width modulation signal, time points of front and rear edges of the pulse of the second pulse-width modulation signal been set in response to the third and fourth data, respectively.
US07816976B2	Power supply circuit using insulated-gate field-effect transistors A power supply circuit is disclosed. The power supply circuit is provided with a reference voltage generation circuit to receive a voltage from a higher voltage supply so as to generate a reference voltage. The reference voltage from the reference voltage generation circuit is outputted to a power supply voltage generation circuit. The power supply voltage generation circuit boosts the reference voltage to generate a boosted power supply voltage. The boosted power supply voltage is inputted to a bandgap reference circuit. The bandgap reference circuit generates a reference voltage by using the boosted power supply voltage.
US07816974B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit device A control target circuit formed by transistors is provided with a power supply level control circuit for controlling the power supply voltage supplied to the control target circuit, a substrate level control circuit for controlling the substrate voltages of the transistors, and a special substrate level control circuit for controlling the substrate voltages during transition of the power supply voltage through a different system. During transition of the power supply voltage, the special substrate level control circuit positively controls the substrate voltages such that desired substrate voltage levels are reached earlier, whereby the time for the substrate voltages to transfer to the desired substrate voltage levels is shortened. To suppress latch-up and breakdown voltage degradation, the special substrate level control circuit controls supply of voltages and currents so as to comply with the potential difference conditions defined between the power supply voltage and the substrate voltages.
US07816971B2	Switch circuit having adjustable linearity of differential mode resistances A switch circuit includes a pair of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) switches and an adjusting unit. Each of the MOS switches has an input terminal and an output terminal. The MOS switches receive a pair of differential input voltages at the input terminals thereof, and output a pair of differential output voltages at the output terminals thereof when the MOS switches conduct. The adjusting unit changes a difference between common mode levels of the input terminals and the output terminals of the MOS switches so as to adjust linearity of differential mode resistances of the MOS switches.
US07816968B2	Signal-processing circuit, in particular operating as a rectifier and peak detector, with active elements and differential inputs A signal-processing circuit has a first and a second input, which receive a first and a second differential signal, a third input, which receives a common-mode signal, the first and second differential signals having an equal and substantially opposite trend with respect to the common-mode signal, and a first output supplying a first processed signal, equivalent to the first differential signal rectified with respect to the common-mode signal, and satisfying throughout its course a first relation of comparison with the common-mode signal. The processing circuit is provided with first formation means for formation of the first processed signal, which operate on the basis of the first differential signal, and second formation means for formation of the first processed signal, which operate on the basis of the second differential signal; the first and second formation means co-operate in the formation of the first processed signal.
US07816964B2	Pulse operated flip-flop circuit having test-input function and associated method The pulse generation circuit generates a first pulse signal and a complementary second pulse signal. The first and second pulse signals are activated simultaneously in a normal mode and activated selectively in response to a test input signal in a test mode. A multiplexing input circuit selects and outputs one of a data input signal and a test input signal as a latch input signal in response to the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal. The latch input signal corresponds to the data input signal in the normal mode and corresponds to the test input signal in the test mode. The latching circuit latches the latch input signal to generate data output signal. The length of data transfer path is reduced, and DtoQ delay can be decreased.
US07816958B2	Means to reduce the PLL phase bump caused by a missing clock pulse A PLL includes control circuitry adapted to detect missing pulses of a reference clock and to control an output voltage of a charge pump disposed in the PLL accordingly. A signal generated in response to the detection of a missing pulse is pulse-width limited and applied to the charge pump during a first period. The detection of the pulse-width limited signal is used to generate a first slew signal that is also pulse-width limited and applied to the charge pump during a second period. The detection of the first slew signal is used to generate a second slew signal that is also pulse-width limited and applied to the charge pump during a third period. The amount of current supplied by the charge pump during the second charging period is equal to a sum of currents withdrawn by the charge pump during the first and third time periods.
US07816955B2	Ramp generator and circuit pattern inspection apparatus using the same ramp generator The present invention provides a ramp generator capable of appropriately setting a rise starting point of an output voltage of a ramp waveform and an output voltage at the time of stable output. A current adjustment unit including a differential pair of transistors and an amplifier constitute a feedback circuit. By controlling the charging/discharging of an integration capacitor by ON/OFF of a discharge current source connected to a common emitter terminal of the current adjustment unit, an output of the ramp waveform outputted from an output terminal disposed at the connection end of the integration capacitor is controlled.
US07816953B2	Frequency dividing circuit and multimode radio device using the same A frequency dividing section is made up of a frequency divider for dividing output of a local oscillator, a frequency divider for dividing output of an in-phase local oscillation signal of the frequency divider, and a dummy circuit connected to the output terminal of a quadrature local oscillation signal of the frequency divider. At the first frequency band operation time, output of the frequency divider is used for modulation and demodulation and at the second frequency band operation time, output of the frequency divider is used for modulation and demodulation. Although the frequency divider is shared between the first and second frequency bands, the dummy circuit is made the same circuit as an input amplifier of the frequency divider at the first frequency band operation time, so that the phase difference between the in-phase local oscillation signal and the quadrature local oscillation signal output by the frequency divider can be kept. Accordingly, the frequency dividers are shared and combined for lessening the circuit scale.
US07816952B2	Clock signal switching device, clock signal switching method, data bus switching device, and data bus switching method A clock signal switching device includes: a plurality of signal synchronization generation means for generating mask signals and synchronized switching signals; a plurality of clock signal mask means for generating masked clock signals; a synchronized switching signal selection means for selecting one from among the synchronized switching signals; and a masked clock signal selection means for selecting one from among the masked clock signals.
US07816950B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit Semiconductor integrated circuit has a control circuit. The control circuit causes the clock signal generating circuit to control the first clock signal and the second clock signal to make a logic of data held by the first data holding terminal and a logic of data held by the second data holding terminal equal to each other, and switches on the switch circuit, and the error detection circuit senses a logic of the first data holding terminal and a logic of the second data holding terminal after switching on the switching circuit.
US07816948B1	Voltage translator A voltage translator having an input which receives an input signal and an output which provides a level shifted output signal includes a first inverter having an input coupled to receive the input signal, a second inverter having an input coupled to an output of the first inverter, a third inverter having an input coupled to an output of the second inverter, a fourth inverter having an input coupled to receive the input signal and an output coupled to an output of the third inverter, a fifth inverter having an input coupled to an output of the fourth inverter and having an output coupled to the input of the third inverter, and a sixth inverter having an input coupled to the output of the fifth inverter and an output coupled to the output of the voltage translator. The second and fourth inverters are coupled to a calibration voltage supply terminal.
US07816947B1	Method and apparatus for providing a non-volatile programmable transistor A method and apparatus of providing a programmable system using non-volatile programmable transistors are disclosed. A programmable logic circuit, in one embodiment, includes a first programmable transistor and a second programmable transistor. The first programmable transistor includes a first gate terminal, a first source terminal, a first drain terminal, and a first programming terminal. The second programmable transistor includes a second gate terminal, a second source terminal, and a second drain terminal, and a second programmable terminal. The first and second programmable transistors include non-volatile memory elements. The first and the second gate terminals are coupled to an input terminal, and the first drain terminal and the second source terminal are coupled to an output terminal to perform a logic function.
US07816944B2	Variable width writing to a memory of an IC Some embodiments of the invention provide a configurable integrated circuit (“IC”). This IC includes several configurable circuits for receiving configuration data and configurably performing a set of operations based on the configuration data. It also includes several hybrid circuits. Each particular hybrid circuit can interchangeably perform as either a logic circuit or an interconnect circuit in the configurable IC.
US07816935B2	Test apparatus Provided is a test apparatus that tests a device under test, including a first pipeline that sequentially propagates pieces of pattern data included in a first test pattern, according to a first test period, and outputs the resulting data to the device under test; a second pipeline that sequentially propagates pieces of pattern data included in a second test pattern, according to a second test period that is different from the first test period, and outputs the resulting data to the device under test; a timing control section that controls at least one of a timing at which the first pipeline begins propagating a predetermined first pattern data and a timing at which the second pipeline begins propagating a predetermined second pattern data, based on the first test period and the second test period; and a judging section that judges pass/fail of the device under test based on a signal output by the device under test.
US07816932B2	Test system with high frequency interposer An interposer with a conductive housing is disclosed. Conductive members pass through insulators positioned in openings in the conductive housing. The conductive housing may be grounded, providing a closely spaced ground structure for signal conductors passing through the conductive housing and therefore providing a desirable impedance to signals carried by the conductive members. Such an interposer may be used in a test system to couple high speed signals between instruments that generate or measure test signals and devices under test.
US07816931B2	Contact for electrical test, electrical connecting apparatus using it, and method of producing the contact A contact comprises a contact body at least provided with an arm region extending in the right-left direction, and a tip region extending downward from the front end portion of the arm region. The tip region is provided with a pedestal portion integrally continuous to the lower edge portion on the front end side of the arm region, and a contact portion projecting downward from the lower end portion of the pedestal portion and having a tip to be brought into contact with an electrode of a device under test at the lower end. The pedestal portion includes an underside region having at least four inclined faces located around the contact portion when the tip region is seen from below, and inclined such that a portion closer to the side of the contact portion becomes lower.
US07816929B2	Socket and electronic appliances using socket The present invention is made with the aim of suppressing heat generation and thus reducing voltage drop, regarding a socket comprising probes to be connected to an electronic device such as an IC package. This is achieved by the socket 6 comprising heatsink components (heatsink plates 74, 76, 201, and 202) disposed adjacent to probes 32, 34, 36 so that the heatsink components move heat of the probes to a heatsink area 84. The socket 6 includes an air layer AL encompassing at least heat-generating portions 104 and 106 in the probes. The heat-generating portions are extended to the side of the socket 6 and heatsink fins (heatsink slit 86) are formed at its end portion. The socket 6 comprises a first probe 32 to be connected with pressure between an electrode (electrode pad 26) of signal system in the electronic device (IC package 4) and an electrode (electrode pad 44) of a signal extraction board 38 corresponding to the signal system; and second probes 34 and 36 to be connected with pressure between electrodes (electrode pads 28 and 30) of power system in the electronic device and an electric conductor (conductive plates 40 and 42) corresponding to the power system.
US07816928B2	Determination of equivalent series resistance A determination of an equivalent series resistance (ESR) effect for high frequency filtering performance of a filtered feed-through assembly is described. A low frequency signal is introduced to a filtered feed-through assembly. ESR limit of the filtered feed-through is determined based on the low frequency signal.
US07816925B1	Electrical continuity tester and tracer An electrical continuity tester for testing the continuity of a cable between one end to another end, includes a main housing having first and second ends; a first test port disposed at the first end, the first test port for being connected to one end of a cable being tested; a circuit disposed within the main body operably connected to the first test port, the circuit including a first indicator for indicating the continuity of a cable being tested; a coupler removably secured to the main housing; and a terminator removably secured to the coupler, the terminator for connecting to another end of a cable being tested, the terminator including a second indicator for indicating the continuity of the cable being tested when the first test port is connected to the one end of the cable.
US07816914B1	Built-in testing and transient avoidance for magnetic sensors A magnetic sensor assembly (100) uses printed circuit boards (PCB) (102) having a first surface (130) and an opposite, complementary second surface (132) to fabricate the sensor devices (104) and their associated processing circuitry. A trace or conductive element (106), or pair (108a, 108b) of complementary printed traces or conductor elements, on or within the board (102) are run beneath the magnetic sensor element (104), with the return trace or traces routed more remotely from the sensor (104).
US07816904B2	Modulation signature trigger A trigger generator and trigger method are provided for determining whether or not a signal under test matches a modulation signature. The modulation signature may be provided as a magnitude signature, a phase signature or both. When the magnitude values, phase values, or both of a signal under test are the same as their respective modulation signature, an error computation will be close to zero. If this value is within a threshold value, a trigger signal or other indication of a match is produced.
US07816900B2	Correction circuit for improved load transient response A correction circuit for use in a switched power supply wherein the correction circuit provides a correction signal indicating a duty cycle adjustment necessary to modify pulse width modulation of the power supply such that the output inductor current matches the load current drawn by a load connected to the power supply. The correction circuit may be used in conjunction with feed forward and/or feed back control circuits. The correction circuit may be implemented using either digital or analog circuit components.
US07816898B2	Switching regulator A switching regulator includes an input terminal, a first time delay circuit, a first switch circuit, and an output terminal. The input terminal is for receiving an input current. The first time delay circuit is for delaying the input current. The first switch circuit is for receiving a first power-on voltage, and allowing the input current to flow therethrough. The output terminal is for outputting the input current.
US07816895B2	Power supplying device A power supplying device includes: an output transformer including first and second output coils for generating first intermediate voltages from an input voltage; a voltage adjusting transformer including primary and secondary coils; a first rectifying-and-filtering circuit connected to the first output coil for generating a first output voltage from the first intermediate voltage obtained from the first output coil; the primary coil being connected in parallel to the first output coil, the secondary coil being connected in series to the second output coil and being coupled to the primary coil for generating a second intermediate voltage from the first intermediate voltage obtained from the first output coil; and a second rectifying-and-filtering circuit connected to the secondary coil for generating a second output voltage from a combined voltage combining the second intermediate voltage obtained from the secondary coil with the first intermediate voltage obtained from the second output coil.
US07816893B2	Control apparatus for automotive alternator with function of initialization state detection A control apparatus controls power generation of an electric generator and communicates with an external control apparatus. The control apparatus includes a receiver, a controller, an initialization state detector, and a transmitter. The receiver receives a command signal transmitted by the external control apparatus. The controller controls power generation of the electric generator according to the command signal received by the receiver. The initialization state detector detects an initialization state of the control apparatus. The transmitter transmits, when the initialization state of the control apparatus is detected by the initialization state detector, an informing signal to the external control apparatus, thereby informing the external control apparatus that the control apparatus is in the initialization state.
US07816884B2	Fuel cell system and method of starting operation of fuel cell system having an energy storage by reducing an amount of electrical energy in the energy storage prior to starting power generation A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack for power generation by electrochemical reactions of a fuel gas and an oxygen-containing gas, a high voltage energy storage capable of storing and discharging electrical energy generated by power generation of the fuel cell stack, and capable of being directly coupled to the fuel cell stack, a group of loads consuming at least electrical energy generated by the fuel cell stack or electrical energy discharged from the high voltage energy storage, and an auxiliary device control unit for reducing an amount of electrical energy remaining in the energy storage to a predetermined value by any of the group of loads, before starting power generation of the fuel cell stack.
US07816876B2	Motor control device and motor drive system Let an axis parallel to a magnetic flux produced by a permanent magnet provided on a rotor of a motor be called a d-axis, let an axis leading the d-axis by an electrical angle of 90 degrees be called a q-axis, and let control axes corresponding to the d-axis and the q-axis be called a γ-axis and a δ-axis, respectively. Then, a motor control device performs vector control of the motor with the γ-axis and the δ-axis made different from the d-axis and the q-axis, respectively, and with a motor current passing through the motor broken down into a γ-axis current on the γ-axis and a δ-axis current on the δ-axis. The motor control device has an estimator that estimates, as an estimated magnetic flux, a flux linkage of an armature winding of the motor, or estimates, as an estimated induction voltage, an induction voltage generated by the flux linkage and the rotation of the motor; and a specified current value deriving portion that derives, by using the estimated magnetic flux or the estimated induction voltage, a specified γ-axis current value to be followed by the γ-axis current.
US07816874B2	Vehicle driving system In a four-wheel drive vehicle, front wheels 14L and 14R are driven by an engine 1, and rear wheels 15L and 15R are driven by an electric motor 5. A high-power alternator 2 is driven by the engine 1, and electric power generated from the alternator 2 drives the motor 5. In addition to controlling the power generation of the high-power alternator 2 and the driving of the motor 5, a 4WD CU 100 estimates an induced voltage E of the motor 5 from a voltage MHV of the motor and from an output current Ia of the high-power alternator, and estimates a rotating speed Nm of the motor from estimation results on the induced voltage E.
US07816871B2	Projector and method of turning on light source device of projector To provide a projector using a light source device that is rapidly and reliably turned on and can stably obtain a desired amount of light and a method of rapidly and reliably turning on a light source device of a projector.A power control unit adjusts the amplification factor of an amplifying unit for microwaves such that microwave power having a pulse form that is higher than the microwave power radiated to keep an electrodeless lamp emitting light is radiated to turn on the electrodeless lamp. Therefore, a microwave having predetermined power is radiated to the electrodeless lamp at once.
US07816867B2	Plasma display panel In a PDP having row electrode pairs and column electrodes formed on the front glass substrate placed parallel to the back glass substrate with a discharge in between, each of the column electrodes faces a central area between adjacent transparent electrodes of the row electrode in the row direction, and is placed in a position closer to the transparent electrode serving as its partner for initiating an address discharge than to the unrelated transparent electrode located on the opposite side of the column electrode.
US07816864B2	Double-shielded electroluminescent panel A double-shielded electroluminescent panel includes an electroluminescent device, an upper electrical shield and a lower electrical shield. The upper electrical shield is a transparent conductive material, and is overlaid on the illuminating surface of the electroluminescent device. The lower electrical shield is an electrical conductive material, and is mounted on the non-illuminating surface of the electroluminescent device. The upper electrical shield and lower electrical shield are together connected to the ground line of a power source. Therefore, the occurrence of electromagnetic interference and an electric shock is avoided.
US07816862B2	Electroluminescent device with enhanced color rendition To provide an electroluminescent device excellent in color rendition, the electroluminescent device has at least two luminescent local maxima in a visible range, the at least two luminescent local maxima including a first luminescent local maximum and a second luminescent local maximum, the first and second luminescent local maxima have the two largest values of the at least two luminescent local maxima, wherein the electroluminescent device has the first luminescent local maximum in a range of from 450 to 530 nm, and the electroluminescent device has the second local luminescent local maximum in a range of 605 nm or more.
US07816861B2	Display device and manufacturing method therefor A display device, includes: an insulating substrate; a common electrode which is formed on the insulating substrate; a common voltage applying layer which is formed between the insulating substrate and the common electrode, and comprises an upper surface which faces the common electrode and a side surface of the opposite sides of the upper surface; and an organic insulating layer which is formed between the insulating substrate and the common electrode, and is formed with a contact hole which exposes at least a part of the side surface of the common voltage applying layer, the common electrode electrically connected to a side surface contact portion of the common voltage applying layer which is exposed through the contact hole.
US07816860B2	Light-emitting device, method for manufacturing the same, and electronic apparatus A light-emitting device includes a plurality of pixels constituting a screen, each of the pixels including four subpixels, which are a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a remaining subpixel. The red subpixel has a light-emitting layer made of a white-light-emitting material and extending along the screen, and a color filter provided above the light-emitting layer to transmit red light, the white-light-emitting material emitting two-peak white light having an emission spectrum including a valley between a red peak residing in a wavelength range of red light and a blue peak residing in a wavelength range of blue light. The blue subpixel has a light-emitting layer made of the white-light-emitting material and extending along the screen, and a color filter provided above the light-emitting layer to transmit blue light. The remaining subpixel has a light-emitting layer made of the white-light-emitting material and extending along the screen. The green subpixel has a light-emitting layer made of a green-light-emitting material that emits green light and extending along the screen, and a color filter provided above the light-emitting layer to transmit green light.
US07816853B2	Laser stimulated cathode A cathode has an emission layer that thermionically emits electrons upon exposure with a laser beam. The material of the emission layer has a product of density (ρ), measured in kg m 3 , heat capacity (Cp), measured in J kg ⁢ ⁢ K and heat conductivity (λ), measured in W mK that is, at room temperature, maximally 500,000 J 2 m 4 ⁢ K 2 ⁢ s . Such a cathode has an improved thermionic emission of electrons.
US07816847B2	Dielectric electron emitter comprising a polycrystalline substance A dielectric device of higher performance is provided. An electron emitter, to which the dielectric device is applied is provided with: an emitter including a dielectric; and an upper electrode and a lower electrode to which drive voltage is applied in order to emit electrons. The emitter is formed by the aerosol deposition method or the sol impregnation method.
US07816846B2	Spark plug with slant peripheral surface A spark plug for an internal combustion engine is provided which includes a hollow cylindrical metal shell with an open end portion to be exposed to a combustion chamber of the engine, a ground electrode joined to the metal shell, a center electrode disposed in the metal housing to define a spark gap between itself and the ground electrode. The spark plug also includes a stream shaper or a stream reflector geometrically formed on the metal shell and/or the porcelain insulator to shape a vortex steam of air-fuel mixture into a stream thereof which is oriented outside the spark plug or serves to decrease the amount of the air-fuel mixture into a pocket between the metal shell and the porcelain insulator. This ensures the stability of ignition of the air-fuel mixture.
US07816843B2	Light signaling device Luminous signalling device (1) includes one or more light tubes (8) and focusing elements (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) for focusing a light beam, these elements being capable of focusing a light beam coming from the light tube(s), the elements for focusing a light beam comprising several cylindrical lenses (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), each cylindrical lens having a longitudinal axis lying parallel to a straight section (9, 10, 11) of the light tube. The straight sections (9, 10, 11) are oriented in several directions around a predetermined azimuthal axis (A), the number and the orientation of the straight sections being chosen so that the light beams coming from the straight sections and focused by the cylindrical lenses (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) are directed in all azimuthal directions about the azimuthal axis.
US07816839B2	Ultrasonic linear motor An ultrasonic linear motor includes a substrate; a vibrator disposed on the substrate having an oblique or curved face at two sides thereof forming concave receiving portions with the surfaces of the substrate; and a slider having clamping portions at two sides thereof for correspondingly clamping to the receiving portions, wherein the vibrator is for generating a driving force to the slider while connecting with a power supply, such that the clamping portions of the slider move within the receiving portions, thereby generating a linear translation. The present invention adopts a simple structure having few elements that enables easy manufacturing and integration with other elements, thus reducing manufacturing cost.
US07816828B2	Synchronous machine A magnet wheel and a stator winding which are necessary for an excitation device are included in a synchronous machine. Energy is transferred to the magnet wheel through inductivity, preferably, energy to a super-conductive coil, by the excitation device. Protection against the magnetic field produced by the current in the winding head is provided in the form of a specific system which is used to reduce the corruptions of the interfering fields of stator and rotor winding.
US07816816B2	Semiconductor device A plurality of circuit blocks are provided in a semiconductor device which collects and corrects impairment quantities of discretionary areas in a circuit group of various types having random couplings. The semiconductor device is provided with a detector, which is arranged in each circuit block and detects an electric signal of an element in the circuit block; a wiring wherein each detector output passes through; a plurality of switches for feeding the wiring with each detector output; and a buffer connected to the wiring and passes through a direct current voltage.
US07816810B2	Automatic sensing power systems and methods An automatic sensing power system automatically determines a power requirement for an electrical device, converts power to the required level, and outputs the power to the electrical device when the electrical device is connected to the automatic sensing power system.
US07816808B2	Automatic sensing power systems and methods An automatic sensing power system automatically determines a power requirement for an electrical device, converts power to the required level, and outputs the power to the electrical device when the electrical device is connected to the automatic sensing power system.
US07816796B2	Hand-held power tool and method for operating a heating device of a hand-held power tool A hand-held power tool has a drive motor driving a tool and a generator. One or more heating devices having one or more heating elements are provided. The generator supplies the one or more heating devices with energy. A control device controls a power supplied to the one or more heating elements as a function of at least one operating parameter of the drive motor.
US07816790B2	Semiconductor device having low dielectric insulating film and manufacturing method of the same A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate and low dielectric film wiring line laminated structure portions which are provided in regions on the semiconductor substrate except a peripheral portion thereof. Each of the laminated structure portions has a laminated structure of low dielectric films and a plurality of wiring lines. An insulating film is provided on an upper side of the laminated structure portion. Connection pad portions for electrodes are arranged on the insulating film to be electrically connected to the connection pad portions of uppermost wiring lines of the laminated structure portion. Bump electrodes for external connection are provided on the connection pad portions for the electrodes. A sealing film is provided on the insulating film and on the peripheral portion of the semiconductor substrate. Side surfaces of the laminated structure portions are covered with the insulating film or the sealing film.
US07816781B2	Power semiconductor module One embodiment provides a semiconductor module with an electrically insulating substrate. A conductor track is arranged on the substrate. A semiconductor chip and sleeve member are arranged on the substrate and electrically connected to the conductor track. The sleeve member includes a rim with a maximum inner diameter. The module further includes a contact element. The contact element includes a first end arranged within and electrically connected to the sleeve member, a second end providing an external contact of the module, and a section arranged between the first end and the second end. The section includes a maximum outer diameter that is larger than the maximum inner diameter of the rim. The contact element is in mechanical contact with the sleeve member such that the section between both ends of the contact element is arranged outside the sleeve member and borne on the rim of the sleeve member.
US07816779B2	Multimode signaling on decoupled input/output and power channels A multimode system with at least two end points may include a multimode signaling path that, in some embodiments, is a multimode cable or a multimode board and is pluggably connectable to packages at each end point. Each end point may include a processor die package coupled to a socket. The socket may also receive a connector that couples the cable to the package. Power supply signals and input/output signals may be decoupled at each end point.
US07816777B2	Semiconductor-element mounting substrate, semiconductor device, and electronic equipment A semiconductor-element mounting substrate is a substrate for mounting a semiconductor element, and includes a substrate body. The substrate body has a mounting surface, and the center portion of the mounting surface is provided with a die pattern. Through conductors are provided in a portion of the substrate body located outside the die pattern to penetrate the substrate body in the thicknesswise direction. First terminals and second terminals are connected to the through conductors, respectively. The first terminals each extend toward the outer edge of the mounting surface, and they are electrically connected to the semiconductor element. The second terminals are provided on a surface of the substrate body opposite to the mounting surface.
US07816769B2	Stackable packages for three-dimensional packaging of semiconductor dice An apparatus and a method for packaging semiconductor devices. The apparatus includes a substrate strip component of a leadless three-dimensional stackable semiconductor package having mounting contacts on, for example, four peripheral edges. The substrate strip may either be fabricated for mounting a single electrical component (e.g., an integrated circuit die) or a plurality of substrate strips may be laid out in an X-Y matrix pattern which may later be singulated into individual package strip for leadless packages. Three-dimensional stacking is achieved by a bonding area on an uppermost portion of the sidewall. The sidewall of the strip is high enough to enclose an encapsulant covering a later mounted integrated circuit die and associated bonding wires.
US07816767B2	Negative differential resistance diode and SRAM utilizing such device A negative differential resistance (NDR) diode and a memory cell incorporating that NDR diode are provided. The NDR diode comprises a p-type germanium region in contact with an n-type germanium region and forming a germanium pn junction diode. A first gate electrode overlies the p-type germanium region, is electrically coupled to the n-type germanium region, and is configured for coupling to a first electrical potential. A second gate electrode overlies the n-type germanium region and is configured for coupling to a second electrical potential. A third electrode is electrically coupled to the p-type germanium region and may be coupled to the second gate electrode. A small SRAM cell uses two such NDR diodes with a single pass transistor.
US07816766B2	Semiconductor device with compressive and tensile stresses A semiconductor device includes a gate electrode formed on a silicon substrate in correspondence to a channel region via a gate insulation film, and source and drain regions of p-type formed in the silicon substrate at respective outer sides of sidewall insulation films on the gate electrode, a pair of SiGe mixed crystal regions formed in the silicon substrate at respective outer sides of the sidewall insulation films epitaxially to the silicon substrate so as to be enclosed respectively by the source and drain regions, each of the SiGe mixed crystal regions being grown to a level above a level of a gate insulation film interface between the gate insulation film and the silicon substrate, wherein there is provided a compressive stress film at respective top surfaces of the SiGe mixed crystal regions.
US07816765B2	Silicon epitaxial wafer and the production method thereof A silicon epitaxial wafer obtained by growing a silicon epitaxial layer on a surface of a silicon wafer having a diameter of at least 300 mm produced by slicing a silicon single crystal ingot doped with boron and germanium grown by the Czochralski method, wherein boron is doped to be at a concentration of 8.5×1018 (atoms/cm3) or higher and germanium is doped to satisfy a relational expression (formula 1) below.  3 × ( 4.64 × 10 - 24 · [ Ge ] - 2.69 × 10 - 23 · [ B ] ) 5.43 × r 2 × t epi ( t sub ) 2  ≤ 26. [ Forrmula ⁢ ⁢ 1 ]
US07816763B2	BJT and method for fabricating the same According to one embodiment, a collector electrode including metal is used for a sink region for connecting an n+ type buried layer, so that the sink region can be narrowly formed. Further, an interval between a base region and the collector electrode can be reduced, thereby considerably decreasing the size of the transistor. Furthermore, collector resistance is reduced, so that the performance of the transistor can be improved.
US07816759B2	Integrated circuit including isolation regions substantially through substrate An integrated circuit including a substrate and trench isolation regions. The substrate supports a device. The trench isolation regions are configured to laterally isolate the device. The trench isolation regions extend substantially through the substrate.
US07816758B2	Integrated circuit having laterally dielectrically isolated active regions above an electrically contacted buried material, and method for producing the same An integrated circuit is disclosed that includes a first layer made of active semiconductor material and extending along a first side of a buried layer, and trench structures, which cut through the layer made of active semiconductor material and have dielectric wall regions, whereby the dielectric wall regions isolate electrically subregions of the layer, made of active semiconductor material in the lateral direction, and whereby the trench structures, furthermore, have first inner regions, which are filled with electrically conductive material and contact the buried layer in an electrically conductive manner. The integrated circuit is notable in that the first wall regions of the trench structures completely cut through the buried layer and the second wall regions of the trench structures extend into the buried layer, without cutting it completely. Furthermore, a method for manufacturing such an integrated circuit is disclosed.
US07816750B2	Thin semiconductor die packages and associated systems and methods Thin semiconductor die packages and associated systems and methods are disclosed. A package in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a semiconductor die having die bond sites, a conductive structure positioned proximate to the semiconductor die and having first bond sites and second bond sites spaced apart from the first bond sites, and conductive couplers connected between the first bond sites of the conductive structure and the die bond sites of the semiconductor die. A cover can be positioned adjacent to the semiconductor die, and can include a recess in which the conductive couplers are received.
US07816745B2	Wafer level hermetically sealed MEMS device A hermetically sealed microelectromechanical system (MEMS) package includes a MEMS switch having a movable portion and a stationary portion with an electrical contact thereon. A glass lid is anodically bonded to the MEMS switch to form a sealed cavity over the movable portion of the MEMS switch. The glass lid includes a contact aperture to allow access to the electrical contact on the stationary portion of the MEMS switch. A family of body-implantable hermetically-sealed MEMS packages are provided according to certain aspects and embodiments of the present invention.
US07816744B2	Gate electrodes of HVMOS devices having non-uniform doping concentrations A semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor substrate; a first high-voltage well (HVW) region of a first conductivity type overlying the semiconductor substrate; a second well region of a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type overlying the semiconductor substrate and laterally adjoining the first well region; a gate dielectric extending from over the first well region to over the second well region; a drain region in the second well region; a source region on an opposite side of the gate dielectric than the drain region; and a gate electrode on the gate dielectric. The gate electrode includes a first portion directly over the second well region, and a second portion directly over the first well region. The first portion has a first impurity concentration lower than a second impurity concentration of the second portion.
US07816739B2	Semiconductor device using SiGe for substrate A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor layer, an n-type/p-type second semiconductor layer, p-type/n-type third semiconductor layers and a first gate electrode. The second semiconductor layer is formed on the first semiconductor layer and has an oxidation rate which is lower than that of the first semiconductor layer. The third semiconductor layers are formed in the second semiconductor layer and have a depth reaching an inner part of the first semiconductor layer. In case that the second and third semiconductor layers are n-type and p-type, respectively, a lattice constant of the second semiconductor layer is less than that of the third semiconductor layer. In case that the second and third semiconductor layers are p-type and n-type, respectively, the lattice constant of the second semiconductor layer is greater than that of the third semiconductor layer. A first gate electrode is formed on the second semiconductor layer.
US07816736B2	Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device There is provided a method of removing trap levels and defects, which are caused by stress, from a single crystal silicon thin film formed by an SOI technique. First, a single crystal silicon film is formed by using a typical bonding SOI technique such as Smart-Cut or ELTRAN. Next, the single crystal silicon thin film is patterned to form an island-like silicon layer, and then, a thermal oxidation treatment is carried out in an oxidizing atmosphere containing a halogen element, so that an island-like silicon layer in which the trap levels and the defects are removed is obtained.
US07816728B2	Structure and method of fabricating high-density trench-based non-volatile random access SONOS memory cells for SOC applications The present invention provides two-transistor silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-semiconductor (2-Tr SONOS) non-volatile memory cells with randomly accessible storage locations as well as method of fabricating the same. In one embodiment, a 2-Tr SONOS cell is provided in which the select transistor is located within a trench structure having trench depth from 1 to 2 μm and the memory transistor is located on a surface of a semiconductor substrate adjoining the trench structure. In another embodiment, a 2-Tr SONOS memory cell is provided in which both the select transistor and the memory transistor are located within a trench structure having the depth mentioned above.
US07816725B2	Semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same Exposed are a semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same. The device includes an insulation film that is disposed between an active pattern and a substrate, which provides various improvements. This structure enhances the efficiency of high integration and offers an advanced structure for semiconductor devices.
US07816722B2	Memory array A memory array has a multiplicity of row conductors and a multiplicity of column conductors, the row conductors and column conductors being arranged to cross at cross-points, and has a memory cell disposed at each cross-point, each memory cell having a storage element and a control element coupled in series between a row conductor and a column conductor, and each control element including a silicon-rich insulator. Methods for fabricating the memory array are disclosed.
US07816720B1	Trench MOSFET structure having improved avalanche capability using three masks process A trench MOSFET structure having improved avalanche capability is disclosed, wherein the source region is formed by performing source Ion Implantation through contact open region of a thick contact interlayer, and further diffused to optimize a trade-off between Rds and the avalanche capability. Thus, only three masks are needed in fabrication process, which are trench mask, contact mask and metal mask. Furthermore, said source region has a doping concentration along channel region lower than along contact trench region, and source junction depth along channel region shallower than along contact trench, and source doping profile along surface of epitaxial layer has Gaussian-distribution from trenched source-body contact to channel region.
US07816717B2	Semiconductor memory device A semiconductor memory device, comprising: a semiconductor substrate; a memory cell section comprising a memory transistor provided on the semiconductor substrate, the memory transistor including a first gate electrode provided on the semiconductor substrate with a gate insulating film interposed therebetween, and a source and drain provided at both sides of the first gate electrode on the semiconductor substrate, and a ferroelectric capacitor provided above the memory transistor, the ferroelectric capacitor including a first electrode film connected to any one of a source and drain of the memory transistor, a second electrode film connected to the other one of the drain and source of the memory transistor, and a ferroelectric film provided between the first electrode film and the second electrode film, the memory cell section having the memory transistor and the ferroelectric capacitor connected in parallel to each other; and a select transistor section, comprising a select transistor provided at an end of the memory cell section, the select transistor including a second gate electrode provided on the semiconductor substrate with the gate insulating film interposed therebetween, and a source and drain provided at both sides of the second gate electrode on the semiconductor substrate, and a third electrode film connected to the source and drain of the select transistor and connected to a bit line via a bit line contact.
US07816711B2	Solid-state imaging device A solid-state imaging device having an arrangement in which well contact is achieved for each pixel is provided. In the solid-state imaging device, a well contact part is formed in an activation region of a photoelectric conversion portion. The well contact part fixes a well in which the photoelectric conversion portion and transistors of the pixel are provided at a predetermined potential.
US07816701B2	Semiconductor light emitting device A semiconductor light emitting device is provided. The semiconductor light emitting device comprises: a first conductive semiconductor layer; an active layer on the first conductive semiconductor layer; a first quantum dot layer on the active layer; and a second conductive semiconductor layer on the first quantum dot layer.
US07816695B2	Light emitting device and method of forming the same An embodiment of present invention discloses a light-emitting device comprising a first multi-layer structure comprising a first lower layer; a first upper layer; and a first active layer able to emit light under a bias voltage and positioned between the first lower layer and the first upper layer; a second thick layer neighboring the first multi-layer structure; a second connection layer associated with the second thick layer; a connective line electrically connected to the second connection layer and the first multi-layer structure; a substrate; and two or more ohmic contact electrodes between the first multi-layer structure and the substrate.
US07816693B2	Thin film transistor in which an interlayer insulating film comprises two distinct layers of insulating material According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display apparatus including a TFT array substrate on which TFTs are formed in an array, a counter substrate disposed so as to face the TFT array substrate, and a sealing pattern for adhering the TFT array substrate and the counter substrate to each other, wherein the counter substrate comprises a counter electrode, and the TFT array substrate comprises a first conductive layer, a first insulating film formed on the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer disposed so as to intersect the first conductive layer via the first insulating film, a second insulating film formed on the second conductive layer and having at least two layers, and common electrode wiring provided below the sealing pattern and electrically connected to the counter electrode by the sealing pattern, and the sealing pattern overlaps the second conductive layer via the second insulating film.
US07816692B2	Organic light emitting display (OLED) having a gas vent groove to decrease edge open failures An Organic Light Emitting Display (OLED) and its fabrication method has a pixel defining layer provided on a first electrode which is formed with a gas vent groove to allow gas to vent when the pixel defining layer is being formed, so that gas is not left in a pixel but vented when a donor film is laminated by a Laser-Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) method, thereby decreasing edge open failures.
US07816689B2	Embedded package structure module with high-density electrical connections and method for making the same An embedded package structure module with high-density electrical connections, including: a drive IC structure, an LED array structure and a plurality of conductive structures. The drive IC structure has at least one concave groove. The LED array structure is received in the at least one concave groove of the drive IC structure, and the LED array structure has a plurality of second open grooves formed on its lateral wall and close to the drive IC structure. The conductive structures respectively traverse the second open grooves in order to make the conductive structures electrically connect between the drive IC structure and the LED array structure.
US07816681B2	Capacitive gas sensor and method of fabricating the same A capacitive gas sensor and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The capacitive gas sensor includes an insulating substrate, a metal electrode and a micro thin-film heater wire integrally formed on the same plane of the insulating substrate, and an oxide detection layer coated on the metal electrode and the micro thin-film heater wire. The fabrication method includes depositing a metal layer on an insulating substrate, etching the metal layer so that a metal electrode and a micro thin-film heater wire form an interdigital transducer on the same plane, and forming a nano crystal complex oxide thin film or a complex oxide nano fiber coating layer on the metal electrode and the micro thin-film heater wire as a detecting layer. The capacitive gas sensor can be easily fabricated and can have excellent characteristics such as high sensitivity, high selectivity, high stability, and low power consumption.
US07816668B2	Spirofluorene derivative, material for light-emitting element, light-emitting element, light-emitting device, and electronic device It is an object of the present invention to provide a material having a high Tg and a wide energy gap. The present invention provides a spirofluorene derivative represented by General Formula 1. (In the formula, R1 is any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a group represented by General Formula 2. Each of R2 and R3 is either hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and may be identical or different. R4 is an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms. Each of R5 and R6 is any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms and may be identical or different.)
US07816657B2	Particle therapy system A particle therapy system is provided. The particle therapy system includes at least two acceleration units, with each of which acceleration units particles can be accelerated to at least an energy necessary for the irradiation; and a common energy selection system, connected downstream of the at least two acceleration units, with which system the energy of particles that have been accelerated by one of the acceleration units can be reduced.
US07816653B2	Semiconductor radiation detector with a modified internal gate structure A semiconductor radiation detector device comprises a conductive backside layer (102) of first conductivity type and a bulk layer (103). Opposite to the conductive backside layer (102) there are a modified internal gate layer (104) of second conductivity type, a barrier layer (105) of the first conductivity type and pixel dopings (110, 112, 506, 510, 512) of the second conductivity type. The pixel dopings are adapted to be coupled to a pixel voltage, which is defined as a potential difference to a potential of the conductive backside layer (102), and which creates potential minima inside the detector material for trapping the signal charges.
US07816652B2	X-ray detector To reduce quality losses in edge areas of an X-ray image, caused by temperature fluctuations, an X-ray detector (1) is arranged with a scintillator (2) for converting X radiation into light and with an active matrix (3) of pixel readout elements, arranged behind it in the direction of X radiation, in such a manner that the active matrix (3) is shielded in an optically opaque manner with respect to the scintillator (2) in at least one edge area (6) of the cross-over area of the scintillator (2) and the active matrix (3); in particular, the optically opaque shielding is suitable for forming a dark reference zone (5) when the scintillator (2) is present.
US07816645B2	Radial arrays of nano-electrospray ionization emitters and methods of forming electrosprays Electrospray ionization emitter arrays, as well as methods for forming electrosprays, are described. The arrays are characterized by a radial configuration of three or more nano-electrospray ionization emitters without an extractor electrode. The methods are characterized by distributing fluid flow of the liquid sample among three or more nano-electrospray ionization emitters, forming an electrospray at outlets of the emitters without utilizing an extractor electrode, and directing the electrosprays into an entrance to a mass spectrometry device. Each of the nano-electrospray ionization emitters can have a discrete channel for fluid flow. The nano-electrospray ionization emitters are circularly arranged such that each is shielded substantially equally from an electrospray-inducing electric field.
US07816637B2	Image display projector having a drive unit for moving either a Fresnel lens or a diffusion member An image display projector is provided so as to reduce scintillation. The image display projector comprises: an optical engine for emitting light according to an inputted imaging signal; a Fresnel lens disposed to receive the light emitted from the optical engine, for emitting the incident light as collimated one; a diffusion member, placed in front of the Fresnel lens in the light-traveling direction, for diffusing the collimated light emitted from the Fresnel lens; and a drive unit for moving either the Fresnel lens or the diffusion member, along a predetermined track (orbit), in a plane parallel to either the plane from which the collimated light or the diffused light is emitted. And then, the moving velocity of either the Fresnel lens or the diffusion member is at any moment larger than zero in any direction within the parallel plane.
US07816612B2	Rotary measuring device A rotary measuring device includes a measuring unit, a centrifugal force error calculation block, and a weight value calculation block. The measuring unit includes a measuring plate and a load cell. The load cell has a fixed end and a free end on which the measuring plate is disposed. The centrifugal force error calculation block calculates, on the basis of a first measured value outputted from the load cell in a state where the measuring unit is rotating, an angular displacement θ with respect to a horizontal plane of the load cell in the vicinity of the free end. The weight value calculation block calculates a weight value of the object on the basis of the angular displacement value and a second measured value outputted from the load cell in a state where the measuring plate is receiving the load resulting from the object.
US07816597B2	Drum pad and manufacturing method thereof A drum pad has a knitted material that is strechable and has a top surface to be beaten by a stick and a rear surface opposite to the top surface, a resin member that is strechable and thinner than the knitted material and that is capable of being thermally fused and bonded to the knitted material, and a rubber. The drum pad is formed of a first layer portion, a second layer portion, and a body portion. The first layer portion is formed in a region of the knitted material including the top surface thereof but not including the rear surface. The body portion is formed of the rubber. The second layer portion is formed in a remaining region of the knitted material other than the first layer portion and formed between the body portion and the first layer portion.
US07816589B2	Plants and seeds of hybrid corn variety CH408813 According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH408813. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH408813, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH408813 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH408813.
US07816587B2	Plants and seeds of hybrid corn variety CH780761 According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH780761. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH780761, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH780761 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH780761.
US07816582B2	Arabinogalactan protein having activity of improving tolerance to heat or moisture stress It is intended to provide a gene encoding a protein having an activity of improving a tolerance to an environmental stress such as salt, moisture, or heat stress, in particular, a tolerance to water stress; a protein having an activity of improving a tolerance to an environmental stress; a transgenic plant having an enhanced tolerance to an environmental stress, and so on. A halophyte Salicornia europaea, which has a strong activity of improving a tolerance to water stress and can grow even in a dry area with much salt accumulation, was used to search genes participating in the salt tolerance of Salicornia europaea by a functional screening method using an Escherichia coli gene expression system, with the aim of isolating genes (cDNAs) participating in the salt-tolerance mechanism of Salicornia europaea. As a result, it was found out that an arabinogalactan protein consisting of 427 amino acids and having partial homology to a Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein of Arabidopsis thaliana has a function of enhancing salt tolerance, water stress tolerance (sorbitol tolerance), and heat tolerance.
US07816575B2	Removal of catalyst fines from a reaction system This invention provides a process for limiting the loss of catalyst particles through olefin product streams and regenerator flue gas streams exiting the reaction system. In particular, this invention provides for removing catalyst particles from the reactor using a water stream and from the regenerator using a two step separation process. The two step process involves the use of a catalyst fine separation unit.
US07816573B2	Molecular sieve composition The invention relates to a process for converting hydrocarbons with a catalyst comprising a crystalline molecular sieve composition which is obtainable by crystallizing a pre-formed extrudate mixture in a reactor and, during crystallization, removing excess alkali metal hydroxide from the pre-formed extrudate. The pre-formed extrudate mixture comprises at least one source of ions of tetravalent element Y, at least one source of alkali metal hydroxide, water, optionally at least one seed crystal, and optionally at least one source of ions of trivalent element X. The reaction mixture has the following mole composition: Y:X2=10 to infinity; OH−:Y=0.001 to 2; and M+:Y=0.001 to 2; wherein M is an alkali metal. The amount of water in the mixture is at least sufficient to permit extrusion of said reaction mixture.
US07816563B1	Method for preparing hypocrellin Improved methods of preparing hypocrellin B from 4,9-dihydroxy-3,10-perylenequinones are described.
US07816557B2	Glucagon receptor antagonists, preparation and therapeutic uses The present invention discloses novel compounds of Formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which have glucagon receptor antagonist or inverse agonist activity, as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I as well as methods of using them to treat diabetic and other glucagon related metabolic disorders, and the like.
US07816547B2	Process for producing refined avocado oil rich in triglycerides, and oil obtainable by said process The present invention concerns a process for producing refined avocado oil rich in triglycerides. The invention also pertains to refined avocado oil rich in triglycerides obtainable by said process. Advantageously, the refined avocado oil of the invention contains a sterols-enriched unsaponifiable fraction. Advantageously, the refined avocado oil of the invention is substantially free of acetogenins and furanic lipids. The invention also concerns compositions containing said oil. The invention also pertains to such compositions for use as a medication, as a dermatological agent, as a cosmetic agent, or as a nutriceutical, for human or animal use.
US07816545B2	Process 054 The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a diastereomerically pure dibenzoyl-L-tartrate salt of a compound of formula (III) and to products of said process.
US07816509B2	Translational elongation factor promoter from Pichia pastoris and method for producing recombinant protein using the same Disclosed are a Pichia pastoris-derived translation elongation factor (TEF) promoter, a recombinant expression vector carrying the promoter and a heterologous protein encoding base sequence operably linked to the promoter, and a host cell transfected or transformed with the recombinant expression vector. Also, a method is provided for producing a heterologous protein. The method comprises culturing the host cell to express the Pichia pastoris-derived TEF promoter and isolating the promoter from the culture. The TEF promoter can be utilized for the mass production of heterologous proteins without the need for inducers.
US07816506B2	Methods and constructs for producing transgenic plants and methods of recovering expressed proteins This disclosure relates to a regulatory element useful for genetically engineering sugarcane or other monocots, to the transformation of the monocots with the regulatory element so that they produce a desired product, and to the regeneration of the monocots transformed with the regulatory element. In particular the present disclosure provides a nucleic acid encoding a promoter of a Sugarcane Elongation Factor (SEF), for example, as shown in SEQ ID NO: 5.
US07816505B2	PUFA polyketide synthase systems and uses thereof The invention generally relates to polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) polyketide synthase (PKS) systems, to homologues thereof, to isolated nucleic acid molecules and recombinant nucleic acid molecules encoding biologically active domains of such a PUFA PKS system, to genetically modified organisms comprising PUFA PKS systems, to methods of making and using such systems for the production of bioactive molecules of interest, and to novel methods for identifying new bacterial and non-bacterial microorganisms having such a PUFA PKS system.
US07816499B2	Antibodies that selectively bind HDAC9 The present invention features, inter alia, purified antibodies that selectively bind an isolated or recombinant histone deacetylase polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, which comprises a histone deacetylase catalytic domain at amino acids 635 to 953 of SEQ ID NO: 2, purified antibodies that selectively bind a biologically active fragment of the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, which fragment exhibits histone deacetylase activity, transcription repression activity, and the ability to deacetylate cellular substrates, purified antibodies that selectively bind an isolated or recombinant histone deacetylase polypeptide encoded by a nucleotide sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, purified antibodies that selectively bind an isolated or recombinant histone deacetylase polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 lacking a nuclear localization signal, and purified antibodies that selectively bind an isolated or recombinant histone deacetylase polypeptide having at least 95% amino acid sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 2 and which exhibits histone deacetylase activity, transcription repression activity, and the ability to deacetylate cellular substrates.
US07816497B2	Compositions and methods for inhibiting drusen complement components C3a and C5a for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration Activated C3 (C3a) and its receptor (C3aR) and activated C5 (C5a) and its receptor (C5aR) have been shown to induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in vitro and in vivo. Compositions and methods for inhibiting C3a, C3aR, C5a and C5aR for the treatment and/or prevention of neovascular disease are provided. Also provided are Novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for choroidal neovascularization.
US07816494B2	SdrC protein from Staphylococcus aureus and diagnostic kits including same An isolated extracellular matrix-binding protein, designated as SdrC and its corresponding amino acid and nucleic acid sequences and motifs are described. The proteins, peptides, fragments thereof or antigenic portions thereof are useful for the prevention, inhibition, treatment and diagnosis of S. aureus infection and as scientific research tools. Further, antibodies or antibody fragments to the proteins, peptides, fragments thereof or antigenic portions thereof are also useful for the prevention, inhibition, treatment and diagnosis of S. aureus infection. In particular, the proteins or antibodies thereof may be administered to wounds or used to coat biomaterials to act as blocking agents to prevent or inhibit the binding of S. aureus to wounds or biomaterials.
US07816487B2	Die-attach films for chip-scale packaging, packages made therewith, and methods of assembling same A die-attach composition includes a resin such as a thermosetting resin, a hardener, and a low molecular weight oligomer diluent. A die-attach composition includes a polyimide in a major amount and a resin such as a thermosetting resin in a minor amount. The die-attach composition also includes a reactive polymer diluent. Combinations of the low molecular weight oligomer diluent and the reactive polymer diluent are included. The die-attach composition is applied to surface mount technology such as wire-bond dice. A computing system is also included that uses the die-attach composition.
US07816486B2	Branched polyphosphonates Disclosed are branched polyphosphonates produced using a polycondensation process, that result in polyphosphonates having a Tg of at least 100° C., and which can be further processed to have improved hydrolytic stability compared to other polyphosphonates. The method and polyphosphonate compositions may be made from readily available starting materials providing lower cost fire retardant materials. Also disclosed are polymer compositions that comprise these branched polyphosphonates and at least one other polymer, wherein the resulting polymer compositions exhibit flame retardant properties.
US07816481B2	Polyether polyamine agents and mixtures thereof Provided herein are polyamine precursors useful in the manufacture of epoxy resins. Use of a polyamine precursor according to the invention provides an epoxy resin formulation having an increased working time over prior art amines used for curing epoxies. Increased working times translate to the ability to manufacture composites which could not be made using conventional epoxy curing agents, such as composite blades for wind-driven turbines. Such polyamines are also useful in polyurea formulations for lengthening reaction time, thus allowing more flow of applied polyurea coatings prior to gellation.
US07816479B2	Polyoxyalkylene-alkyl functional siloxane resins and aqueous compositions thereof Siloxane resins containing both polyoxyalkylene M siloxy units and alkyl functional M and T siloxy units and aqueous compositions thereof are disclosed. The aqueous compositions contain dispersed particles stabilized by the siloxane resin, and are useful for the entrapment and delivery of various personal, household, and medical care actives.
US07816470B2	Aqueous-based polymers for sound deadening applications Copolymers prepared in aqueous medium from macromonomers and one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed. The copolymers are useful for sound and vibration dampening applications.
US07816441B2	Dispersing assistant for emulsion and suspension polymerization The use of an addition polymer A composed in copolymerized form of 0.1% to 40% by weight of at least one C3 to C30 alkene, 40% to 99.9% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated C3 to C6 monocarboxylic acid, 0% to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated C4 to C12 dicarboxylic acid and/or of the ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic monoalkyl esters or dicarboxylic anhydrides obtainable from said acid, and 0% to 30% by weight of at least one other ethylenically unsaturated compound which is copolymerizable with the aforementioned monomers, as a dispersing assistant in free-radically initiated aqueous emulsion or suspension polymerization.
US07816428B2	Inorganic hollow particle, process for producing the same, and composition containing the same The present invention herein provides fine inorganic hollow powder having a high hollowness rate, which can be incorporated into, for instance, a low dielectric rubber or resin composition. The inorganic hollow powder has an average hollowness rate of higher than 70% by volume and an average particle size ranging from 3 to 20 μm and the powder preferably has an average hollowness rate ranging from 75 to 85% by volume, an average particle size ranging from 5 to 15 μm, a maximum particle size of not more than 25 μm, a specific surface area of not more than 10 m2/g, an average sphericity degree of not less than 0.90 and a purity of not less than 99% by mass. The inorganic hollow powder can be prepared by a method comprising the steps of forming a flame using a burner provided with at least a triplet-tubular portion comprising, in order from the outermost side, a combustion-improving gas-supply pipe, a combustible gas-supply pipe and an inorganic raw powder-supply pipe assembled together; injecting, into the flame at a high discharge speed, inorganic raw powder having a specific particle size through the inorganic raw powder-supply pipe, while the powder is entrained with a carrier gas having a specific relative humidity, to thus subject the powder to a heat-treatment.
US07816427B2	Gel compositions The invention relates to a composition which comprises a dispersion of micro spheres in a gel comprising an oily base and an organic polymeric gelling agent.
US07816417B2	Water soluble photo-curable antistatic compound with improved wear resistance and high transparency and conductive hard tile flooring material coated with the same A water soluble photo-curable antistatic resin compound has developed to improve the wear resistance and high transparency comprising: 5˜15 wt % of fine conductive particles containing carbon nanotubes, 0.1˜5 wt % of fumed silica, 10˜20 wt % of water soluble acrylate based oligomer, 20˜75 wt % of mono-functional monomer or multi-functional monomer, 0.1˜5 wt % of photo-polymerization initiator, 0.1˜5 wt % of additive including at least one selected from a group consisting of adhesion enhancer, dispersing agent, defoaming agent, leveling agent; and 50˜150 parts by weight of pure water relative to the total 100 weight of the above ingredients. The water soluble photo-curable antistatic resin compound is coated to the conductive hard tile having double-layer lamination, such as a general rubber or PVC to improve the wear resistance. The antistatic resin compound has properties sufficient to overcome the restrictions of conventionally available conductive tile flooring, and express at least 80% of the original colors of the flooring.
US07816416B2	Polymer membrane for fuel cell, method of preparing the same, membrane-electrode assembly including the same, and fuel cell system including the same The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, a method for manufacturing the polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell including the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell system including the membrane-electrode assembly. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes a proton-conductive polymer membrane including a polymer micelle inside a hydrophilic channel. Herein, the micelle includes a vinyl-based polymer obtained from polymerization of a vinyl-based monomer and an anionic surfactant surrounding the vinyl-based polymer.
US07816409B2	Stable pharmaceutical composition of fluoroether compound for anesthetic use method for stabilizing a fluoroether compound, use of stabilizer agent for precluding the degradation of a fluoroether compound The present invention has as objective the stabilization of a fluoroether compound against degradation by acid substances. The stabilizers proposed are selected among propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol and a saturated cyclic alcohol preferably menthol and are used for preparing stable pharmaceutical compositions of a fluoroether compound. Method for stabilizing a fluoroether compound and use of stabilizers agents for precluding the degradation of a fluoroether are also described.
US07816400B2	Use of acacetin and related compounds as potassium channel inhibitors This invention provides a method for treating or preventing human atrial arrhythmia (fibrillation) using the leading flavone compound acacetin, and its derivatives and analogues that inhibit the ultra-rapidly-activating delayed rectifier potassium current (IKur or IKsus), transient outward potassium (Ito), and acetylcholine-activated potassium current (IK.ACh).
US07816399B2	Medicines and medicinal kits It is intended to provide medicines having a higher ocular tension-lowering effect on ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Because of showing an excellent effect of lowering ocular tension, medicines comprising a combination of a prostaglandin compound with an NO-donating compound are useful in treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma.
US07816383B1	Methods of administering pirfenidone therapy The present invention relates to methods involving avoiding adverse drug interactions with fluvoxamine and pirfenidone or other moderate to strong inhibitors of CYP enzymes.
US07816371B2	Bicycloheteroaryl compounds as P2X7 modulators and uses thereof Bicycloheteroaryl compounds are disclosed that have a formula represented by the following: The compounds may be prepared as pharmaceutical compositions, and may be used for the prevention and treatment of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, including by way of non-limiting example, pain, inflammation, traumatic injury, and others.
US07816370B2	Use of epothilones in the treatment of neuronal connectivity defects such as schizophrenia and autism The present invention is about the use of at least one epothilone or derivative thereof as an active ingredient for manufacturing a medicament for use in the treatment of disease(s) involving a neuronal connectivity defect, such as schizophrenia or autism.
US07816366B2	Compositions and methods for treating and preventing dermatoses The invention encompasses protectant agents including uracil or a metabolite thereof that effectively prevent and/or treat the cutaneous toxicities and dermatological side-effects associated with chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, and surprisingly compositions including uracil or a metabolite thereof are effective for treating or preventing various dermatoses.
US07816361B2	Immuno inhibitory pyrazolone compounds Compounds of formula (IA) or (IB) are inhibitors of CD80 and useful in immunomodulation therapy: wherein Ar represents an optionally substituted monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic or heteroaromatic group having from 5 to 10 ring atoms; R1 and R2 independently represent H, or C1-C6 alkyl; R3 represents H; F; CI; Br, —NO2; —CN; C1-C6 alkyl optionally substituted by F or CI; or C1-C6 alkoxy optionally substituted by F; R4 represents a carboxylic acid group (—COOH) or an ester thereof, or —C(═O)NR6R7, —NR7C(═O)R6, —NR7C(═O)OR6, —NHC(═O)NR7R6 or —NHC(═S)NR7R6 wherein R6 represents H, or a radical of formula -(Alk)m-Q wherein m is 0 or 1, Alk is an optionally substituted divalent straight or branched C1-C12 alkylene, or C2-C12 alkenylene, or C2-C12 alkynylene radical or a divalent C3-C12 carbocyclic radical, any of which radicals may be interrupted by one or more —O—, —S— or —N(R8)— radicals wherein R8 represents H or C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C4 alkenyl, C3-C4 alkynyl, or C3-C6 cycloalkyl, and Q represents H; —CF3; —OH; —SH; —NR8R8 wherein each R8 may be the same or different, or form a ring when taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached; an ester group; or an optionally substituted aryl, aryloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl or heterocyclic group; and R7 represents H or C1-C6 alkyl; or when taken together with the atom or atoms to which they are attached R6 and R7 form a monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 5, 6 or 7 ring atoms; and X represents a bond or a divalent radical of formula -(Z)n-(Alk)- or -(Alk)-(Z)n- wherein Z represents —O—, —S— or —NH—, Alk is as defined in relation to R6 and n is 0 or 1.
US07816359B2	N-phenyl-2-pyrimidine-amine derivatives The present invention relates to novel amides and a process for preparing these amides.
US07816358B2	Pharmaceutical formulations comprising N,N′-disubstituted piperazine compounds Pharmaceutical formulations comprising N,N′disubstituted piperazine compounds and related methods of treatment using these formulations.
US07816356B2	Aryl and heteroaryltetrahydrocyclobutapyrroles as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands Disclosed herein are compounds that bind to a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. These compounds posses broad therapeutic use including the treatment of senile dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, attention deficit disorder, and the treatment of addictive disorders such as the use of tobacco in smoking or the use of other nicotine containing products. In addition, they have utility as cognitive enhancers, drug therapy for mental and neurological disorders related to a decrease in cholinergic function, for the treatment of obesity, Tourette's syndrome, or ulcerative colitis. Additionally, these compounds have utility as non-opioid analgesics for treatment of acute and chronic pain.
US07816355B1	Processes for the preparation of rivaroxaban and intermediates thereof This invention provides a process for the preparation of S-Rivaroxaban and/or R-Rivaroxaban comprising reacting, in the presence of a first base, a compound of Formula 9: with a compound of Formula 8:
US07816353B2	P70S6 kinase modulators and method of use Compounds of formula III: wherein R5a, R3, X, Y, Q, R1a and R1b are as defined in the specification, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and methods of use thereof.
US07816349B2	Substituted pyrrolidinones as inhibitors of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 The present invention discloses novel compounds of Formula I: (I) possessing 11β-HSD type 1 antagonist activity, as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I, as well as methods of using the compounds and compositions to treat diabetes, hyperglycemia, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, cognitive disorders, and other conditions associated with 11β-HSD type 1 activity.
US07816348B2	Viral polymerase inhibitors Compounds of formula I: wherein X, R2, R3, R5 and R6 are defined herein, are useful as inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase.
US07816343B2	Wood preservative composition A wood preservative composition comprising a mixture of a fungicide which is a combination of a boric acid ester, which is soluble in an organic solvent and has a sterically hindered di-alcohol or tri-alcohol group, such as trihexylene glycol biborate, an organo-iodine compound, a triazole, and a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, said fungicide and the insecticide being present in a sufficient amount that wood treated with the wood treatment material contains fungicide and insecticide in an amount of about 1 ppm to 5000 ppm, based on the weight of the wood after treatment.
US07816342B2	Anti-obesity compositions The present invention relates to compositions and methods for treating obesity. More particularly, the invention relates to a composition comprising a lipase inhibitor such as orlistat, and glucomannan such as konjac as well as methods for utilizing such compositions and kits for carrying out this method.
US07816339B2	Treatments for Flaviviridae virus infection The present invention provides methods for treating infections, in a host, by viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae family, such as HCV, comprising administering an Ara-C homologue to the host.
US07816332B2	Stable aqueous solution of natamycin fungicide The present invention provides an aqueous composition comprising—water; —a water miscible solvent; —and a polyene fungicide which is dissolved in the water and water miscible solvent. The present invention further provides a method for the production of the composition of the invention. The composition of the invention may be used as an antifungal treatment for a variety of products including food, feed, agricultural products, growth substrates and in- or outsides of buildings.
US07816329B2	Therapeutic use for a group of sulphated polysaccharides The present invention relates to the use of a sulphated polysaccharide in acid form or as a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, selected from the group constituting of inulin sulphate, gellan sulphate, pullulan sulphate, curdlan sulphate, alginiq acid sulphate, laminarin sulphate, and pectin sulphate, for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of arthrosis in a mammal. Preferably, the sulphated polysaccharide is inulin sulphate, most preferably inulin polysulphate sodium salt. The present invention also relates to the use of a sulphated oligosaccharide derived from a polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of inulin, gellan, pullulan, curdlan, alginic acid, laminarin, and pectin, for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of arthrosis in a mammal.
US07816326B2	Sulfur compounds as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus NS3 serine protease The present invention discloses novel compounds which have HCV protease inhibitory activity as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds as well as methods of using them to treat disorders associated with the HCV protease.
US07816325B2	Secondary binding site of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV) The present application relates to the secondary binding site of dipeptidyl peptidase IV, its relationship amongst substrates and to the modulation of substrate specificity of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV, synonym: DPP IV, CD26, EC 3.4.14.5). The application relates further to compounds that bind to the secondary binding site of DP IV and their use to modulate the substrate specificity of DP IV; methods of treatment of various DP IV mediated disorders; and screening methods for the identification of secondary binding sites on DP IV and DP IV-like enzymes.

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