Document	Document Title
US07937766B2	Method and system for preventing simultaneous use of contents in different formats derived from the same content at a plurality of places The original content and the converted content obtained by converting the original content are encrypted by the same content key. A license containing data of use conditions such as the content key and a use period is recorded in an area of a storage medium limited for access. When the converted content is used with an external storage medium, a copy of an original license is created, a use period of the copy is changed to a use period of the converted content designated by a user, and the license is output as a converted content license to the external storage device. The use period of the original content is rewritten to prevent its overlapping with a use period defined by the converted license.
US07937765B2	System and method for checking security of PC Provided are a system and method for checking the security of a personal computer (PC). The system and method automatically check security to protect a PC from computer hacking, viruses, worms, Trojan horses, etc., and inform or cure a vulnerable point. The system and method automatically check and modify all the security check items so that a user who may not have professional computer knowledge can readily cope with a cyber attack, and describe the vulnerable point and the result of the cure to the user with ease. Therefore, the system and method can maintain a PC in its up-to-date state to prevent damage from a cyber attack, and minimize damage from a cyber threat against the main system and service.
US07937750B2	DRM system for devices communicating with a portable device Access of a first device, communicating with a second, portable device, to digital content is controlled by authentication of the first device by a remote server; upon successful authentication of the first device by the remote server, securely providing by the remote server credentials to the portable device, the credentials enabling the portable device to authenticate the first device; securely providing by the remote server rights objects to the portable device, the rights objects comprising usage rights and information which is necessary to access the content; authentication of the first device by the portable device using the credentials received from the remote server; and, upon successful authentication of the first device by the portable device, delivering by the portable device to the first device the information which is necessary to access the content.
US07937747B2	Privacy protection for mobile internet protocol sessions A method of establishing communication protocols between a mobile node and a home agent in a mobile communications networks. The method uses the steps of: generating, at the mobile node plural care of addresses (CoAs) and a corresponding number of security parameter indices; sending the generated CoAs and security parameter indices to the home agent in an encrypted form; generating, at the home agent, on the basis of the received CoAs and security parameter indices, an equal number of home addresses (HoAs) and associated security parameter indices; sending the list of HoAs and associated security parameter indices generated at the home agent to the mobile node, and; using the generated CoAs, HoAs and associated security parameter indices as the basis for communication protocol addresses and encryption for communication between the home agent and the mobile node. A system employing the method is also provided.
US07937737B2	Field qualification of disk drives in consumer electronics devices Systems and methods are disclosed for qualifying performance of a disk drive in a digital home communications terminal (DHCT) deployed in the field. In embodiment, among others, at least one DHCT is identified for performance testing. A disk drive performance test application is downloaded to the DHCT over a communication channel. Performance test results are received from the DHCT over the communication channel. A DHCT is designated as having a hard disk failure if the test results are below a threshold.
US07937732B2	Network fraud prevention via registration and verification An apparatus for controlling fraud in a satellite signal delivery system. An apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises a receive antenna for receiving at least one satellite signal, and a module, coupled to the receive antenna, for selectively delivering the at least one satellite signal to at least one receiver via an output of the module, wherein the module creates an association between the module and the at least one receiver upon installation of the at least one receiver to the output, such that the module delivers the at least one satellite signal to the at least one receiver only when the association is present.
US07937727B2	Apparatus and method for constrained selection of favorite channels An interactive program guide system is provided in which an interactive program guide offers a user access to content from multiple available media types. The program guide system provides for designating a preferred media type which reflects the user's interests. The program guide system also provides the user with the option of designating favorite channels. The user is subsequently allowed to navigate among only favorite channels of the preferred media type.
US07937724B2	Advertising content tracking for an entertainment device Systems and methods of processing data from a plurality of entertainment devices are provided. The method may include: receiving user interaction information, said user interaction information comprising information regarding user interaction with an advertisement displayed on an entertainment device, said entertainment device being configured to perform entertainment content; and associating the user interaction information with venue information regarding a venue in which the entertainment device is located. The system may include: an entertainment device database including information regarding a plurality of entertainment devices configured to perform entertainment content; a storage system storing user interaction information received from the plurality of entertainment devices, said user interaction information comprising information regarding user interaction with an advertisement displayed on an entertainment device; and a processor configured to associate the user interaction information for one of the plurality of entertainment devices with venue information regarding a venue in which the one of the plurality of entertainment devices is located.
US07937719B2	Disk device A disc device includes a casing, a disc processor, a drive motor, a transfer unit and a disc clamper. The transfer unit transfers an optical disc while holding the optical disc by driving the drive motor. The disc clamper switches a drive transmission of the drive unit in accordance with a holding condition of the optical disc with different diameters by the transfer unit to pivotally move the disc processor. The drive of the single drive motor effects both the transfer of the optical disc and the pivotal movement of the disc processor. A timing for transferring the optical disc and a timing for pivotally moving the disc processor can be suitably adjusted in accordance with the diameter of the optical disc.
US07937711B2	Method and apparatus for providing a consolidated namespace to client applications in multi-tenant common information model (CIM) environments An information handling system includes a processor, system memory, and a storage medium. The storage medium includes an object manager that is accessible to a client management application. The object manager includes first and second sets of class instances instantiated in first and second vendor namespaces, respectively. An uber set of class instances is instantiated in an uber namespace. A class instance in the uber set of class instances is associated with a vendor namespace class instance in one of the first or second sets of class instances. An uber provider instantiates objects in the uber namespace. The uber provider services a client management application request by indicating an action and a class including identifying instances of the class in the first and second vendor namespaces and causing the action to be performed with respect to the identified class instances.
US07937692B2	Methods and systems for complete static analysis of software for building a system Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for the static analysis of entire systems of software. Source code for at least some of the software system is received. An functional representation of the source code is generated from when the source code is compiled and references to other software are identified. The functional representations of the other software is retrieved from an archive and an abstract representation of the entire software system is built. A static analysis is then performed against the abstract representation of the entire system and results are provided. The software system or one or more of its components may be certified based on the static analysis results.
US07937689B2	Method, apparatus and computer program product for determining a relative measure of build quality for a built system Determining a relative measure of build quality for a built product based on analysis of historical test data from test cases applied to a series of builds of the built product, by identifying one or more first sets of test results, each first set of test results being derived from the application of a set of test cases to a series of builds of a built product; determining a test quality coefficient for each test case based on the respective test results from the first set of test results; identifying a second set of test results derived from the application of one or more of the test cases to a further build of the built product; applying each test quality coefficient to each corresponding test result from the second set; and calculating the mean of the second set of test results as qualified by their corresponding test quality coefficient.
US07937678B2	System and method for integrated circuit planar netlist interpretation Systems and methods for integrated circuit planar netlist interpretation are disclosed. In one embodiment, higher abstraction level descriptions of an integrated circuit are generated from a planar netlist and layout data of the integrated circuit. Various embodiments may derive the higher abstraction levels through, for example, netlist compression and netlist partitioning. Other embodiments may derive the higher abstraction levels using, for example, device and module hypothesis search functions based on device properties and design constraints derived from netlist and layout data.
US07937672B2	System and method for scrolling through a list A system and method for scrolling through a list uses control and display algorithms for scrolling through a long list of text strings. The control algorithm interfaces to the user via a rate-based scheme to switch the display through various levels of abstraction where higher levels of abstraction are displayed “in-situ” on the single-line display. These higher levels of abstraction display as starting characters or words that are common to a group of entries in the alphabetized list. Multiple levels of abstraction are supported, where lower levels of abstraction are displayed as longer strings of characters, representing smaller groups of entries in the given list of text strings. Higher levels of abstraction are displayed as shorter character strings. The rate of user movement is detected for the display to change to a previous or next item in the list if below a predetermined threshold while increasing the abstraction level if the user rapidly selects different options.
US07937667B2	Multimedia mirror assembly for vehicle A user-interactive display system for a vehicle includes an interior rearview mirror assembly, a portable hand-held device, and a display device. The portable hand-held device is operable to communicate a first signal to a vehicle-based receiver. A user input is actuatable so that a user can select an item from a listing of choices displayed by the display device, whereby the user-interactive display system (a) displays at the display device data associated with the selected item in response to the user-selection of the selected item from the listing of choices, and/or (b) audibly plays at an audio device of the vehicle data associated with the selected item in response to the user-selection of the selected item from the listing of choices.
US07937665B1	System and method for automatically generating a graphical program to implement a prototype A system and method for automatically generating a graphical program from a prototyping environment application. By utilizing an application specialized for developing solutions to problems in a particular domain, i.e., a prototyping environment, a user may develop a solution to a problem, i.e., a prototype. The prototype may comprise a series of functions that form an algorithm or process. Once the user has developed the desired prototype, the user may request the prototyping environment to automatically, i.e., programmatically, generate a graphical program implementing the prototype, e.g., in order to run the program independently of the prototyping environment. In various embodiments, the prototyping environment may be operable to generate any of various types of graphical programs. Once the graphical program has been generated, the program may be modified as desired, e.g., in order to include features not available from the prototyping environment that generated the program.
US07937649B2	Reliability unit for determining a reliability value for at least one bit decision A reliability unit is provided for determining a reliability value for at least one bit decision. The disclosed reliability unit comprises one or more functional elements, wherein each of the functional elements comprises at least four functional units and at least two registers, wherein each functional unit comprises a comparator and a multiplexer, and wherein an output of the comparator and an equivalence bit control the multiplexer. Generally, the reliability unit determines a reliability value for a bit decision associated with a maximum-likelihood path through a multiple-step trellis.
US07937645B2	Semiconductor memory A conversion control unit sets a converting function of a write data conversion unit or a read data conversion unit enabled or disabled for each controller. Accordingly, for a controller which needs original external data, the external data can be inputted and outputted, whereas for a controller which needs converted internal data, the internal data can be inputted and outputted. A data converting function of a conventional controller can be realized in a semiconductor memory, which can reduce the load on the controller. As a result, the performance of a system can be improved. A disabled controller which has no access right cannot read correct data (original data before conversion). Hence, the security of data written into the semiconductor memory can be protected.
US07937639B2	Device and method for reading out a data word and device and method for storing a data block A device for reading out a predetermined data word from a memory in which a data block is divided into a plurality of data words including the predetermined data word, an error identification value associated with the respective data word per data word of the plurality of data words, and a correction value associated with the data block are stored, having an error identifier implemented to check whether the predetermined data word comprises a predetermined relation to the associated error identification value to conclude that there is an error if the predetermined relation is not present, and an error corrector implemented to correct, if the predetermined data word does not have the predetermined relation to the associated error identification value, the error using the correction value, wherein the error corrector is implemented to use the correction value independent of which data word of the plurality of data words is the predetermined data word.
US07937634B2	Circuit and method providing dynamic scan chain partitioning The circuit and method providing dynamic scan chain partitioning delivers peak power reduction by dynamically partitioning scan chains into multiple groups, wherein transitions are equally distributed among these multiple groups. For each test pattern, a particular partitioning that leads to the even partitioning of the transitions is computed by analyzing the transition distribution of the pattern. The scan chain partitioning is formulated using an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) and an efficient greedy heuristic. The computed information is loaded into the reconfigurable scan chain partitioning hardware during the capture window. The partitioning hardware is composed of controllable clock gating logic, which is reconfigured on a per pattern basis, wherein the reconfiguration is effected by only utilizing the existing scan channels. The reconfigurability delivers a solution that is test set independent. The results confirm the superiority of dynamic scan chain partitioning over static partitioning techniques in terms of peak power reduction.
US07937629B2	Semiconductor memory apparatus having noise generating block and method of testing the same Disclosed are a semiconductor memory apparatus and a method of testing the same. The semiconductor memory apparatus includes memory banks, each of which includes a plurality of memory cells, a peripheral circuit unit that includes a plurality of circuit groups around the memory banks, and a noise generating block that is disposed in the peripheral circuit unit and selectively applies a noise to the memory banks in a test mode.
US07937628B2	Method and system for a non-volatile memory with multiple bits error correction and detection for improving production yield A method and system for a non-volatile memory (NVM) with multiple bits error correction are provided and may include detecting bit errors in a memory element, of a NVM array integrated within a chip, which remain uncorrected after forward error correction. A redundant memory element may be utilized when the errors may be detected utilizing a cyclic redundancy check, may be within the NVM array, and may include secure information. Access to the secure information and/or the chip may be disabled when the errors are detected. The FEC operation may include one or both of an error location operation and a correction operation. The errors may be corrected when a location may be known to include the errors. The NVM array may be partitioned into regions. At least one of the redundant memory elements may be substituted in place of the memory element based on a substitution priority.
US07937622B2	Method and system for autonomic target testing A target is autonomically tested using a number of test cases. Dependencies among the test cases exist. A dependency between a first test case and a second test case means that where testing of the target using the first test case results in failure, testing of the target using the second test case is not performed. The dependencies among the test cases are constructed using one or more dependency rules. The dependency rules are updated while testing of the target using the test cases is performed, such that new dependencies among the test eases revealed during testing are incorporated into the dependency rules. Autonomic testing in this way provides for more intelligent testing of the target without human interaction and/or human intervention.
US07937620B2	Transient fault detection by integrating an SRMT code and a non SRMT code in a single application Disclosed is a method for running a first code generated by a Software-based Redundant Multi-Threading (SRMT) compiler along with a second code generated by a normal compiler at runtime, the first code including a first function and a second function, the second code including a third function. The method comprises running the first function in a leading thread and a tailing thread (104); running the third function in a single thread (106), the leading thread calls the third function and running the second function in the leading thread and the tailing thread (108), the third function calls the second function. The present disclosure provides a mechanism for handling function calls wherein SRMT functions and binary functions can call each other irrespective of whether the callee function is a SRMT function or a binary function and thereby dynamically adjusts reliability and performance tradeoff based on run-time information and user selectable policies.
US07937613B2	Central processing apparatus A server apparatus controls an FC card α so as to access a disk array apparatus A. The FC card α obtains response information sent from the disk array apparatus A in accordance with the present access. If the response information is a predefined specific access error in this event, the server apparatus controls the FC card α so as to change the address of the present access to that of a disk array apparatus B that is different from the sender of the present response information, and then access the present post-change address.
US07937611B2	Method, system and machine accessible medium of a reconnect mechanism in a distributed system (cluster-wide reconnect mechanism) A method, system and machine accessible medium for validating a plurality of connections to a backend in a distributed system. A connection request requiring access to a backend is processed at a first node of a distributed system. The access to the backend enabled through a connection from a plurality of connections on the first node. The plurality of connections on the first node is validated in response to a connection request failure. A plurality of connections on a second node is validated in response to the connection request failure.
US07937609B2	Disaster recovery in a data processing system The present invention relates to a method of disaster recovery in data processing systems and to a recovery system. The invention allows for easy, fast and reliable recovery of a data processing system in a disaster situation. Unmodified backup data is stored to a target data processing system, the hardware of the target data processing system being different from the hardware of the source data processing system, from which the backup data originated. The stored backup data is then adapted to the hardware of the target data processing system by a remote recovery system using previously obtained reference data.
US07937605B2	Method of deskewing a differential signal and a system and circuit therefor A high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) receiver recovers high speed encoded data which are transmitted differentially over data channels of a lossy cable, along with a clock. Inter symbol interference, high-frequency loss, skew between the clock and data channels, and differential skew within a differential signal are compensated by analog circuits which are automatically tuned for best performance by observing the quality of the recovered analog signal. Oversampling is used to provide a 24-bit digital representation of the analog signal for determining the quality of the signal. A corresponding method of deskewing a differential signal and a system and circuit therefor are also provided.
US07937595B1	Integrated encryption/decryption functionality in a digital TV/PVR system-on-chip A system-on-a-chip (SoC) to process digital audio-video content includes one or more input/output (I/O) interfaces to transmit the digital audio-video content to corresponding I/O devices coupled to the SoC and to receive the digital audio-video content from the corresponding I/O devices. The SoC also includes a cryptographic engine to encrypt the digital audio-video content being transmitted via the I/O interfaces to the corresponding I/O devices and to decrypt the digital audio-video content received via the I/O interfaces from the corresponding I/O devices.
US07937589B2	Computer grid access management system An apparatus and program product manage access to a remote computing grid that is not normally accessible to a client. A client computer may communicate with the computing grid via a dropbox configured to receive and distribute data between the client computer and the grid. The connection may remain open while multiple commands are thus communicated to the computing grid, and the identity of the client submitting the commands may be authenticated.
US07937588B2	Techniques for detecting, analyzing, and using visible authentication patterns Improved techniques for making copy detection patterns and using them to detect copying relationships between digital representations. The techniques include techniques for including a message in a copy detection pattern without altering the copy detection patterns entropy and reading the message, techniques for using a copy detection pattern on an analog form to determine whether the analog form is an original analog form without reference to a digital representation of the original of the analog form's copy detection pattern, techniques for increasing the sensitivity of copy detection using copy detection patterns by modifying one of two copy detection patterns that are being compared to take into account alterations resulting from the copying process, techniques for distributing a copy detection pattern across a document, and techniques for using the entropy of a copy detection pattern to locate the copy detection pattern. Also disclosed are applications of copy detection patterns with copying that involves transformations between the digital and analog forms and with digital-to-digital copying.
US07937577B2	Information processing apparatus and operating system determination method According to one embodiment, an information processing apparatus includes a determination module provided for an SMI handler of an ACPI compatible Basic Input/Output System (BIOS). The determination module determines, when a system management interrupt (SMI) occurs due to issuance of an Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) Enable command by an ACPI compatible operating system, a type of a kernel of the operating system by referring to a CPU STATE MAP area holding a state of a CPU upon occurrence of an SMI.
US07937567B1	Methods for scalably exploiting parallelism in a parallel processing system Parallelism in a parallel processing subsystem is exploited in a scalable manner. A problem to be solved can be hierarchically decomposed into at least two levels of sub-problems. Individual threads of program execution are defined to solve the lowest-level sub-problems. The threads are grouped into one or more thread arrays, each of which solves a higher-level sub-problem. The thread arrays are executable by processing cores, each of which can execute at least one thread array at a time. Thread arrays can be grouped into grids of independent thread arrays, which solve still higher-level sub-problems or an entire problem. Thread arrays within a grid, or entire grids, can be distributed across all of the available processing cores as available in a particular system implementation.
US07937564B1	Emit vector optimization of a trace A method and apparatus for optimizing a sequence of operations adapted for execution by a processor is disclosed to include associating a symbolic expression with each of at least a subset of the registers, holding a set of dependency indications that specify for each particular symbolic expression which, if any, of the other symbolic expressions must be emitted as operations prior to emitting the particular symbolic expression, locating an operation, if any, that is next within the sequence of operations and setting that operation to be a working operation and processing the working operation. Processing is performed by handling the working operation by a combination of updating zero or more of the symbolic expressions and emitting zero or more of the symbolic expressions as operations, identifying which, if any, of the symbolic expressions that were updated in process were updated such that they must be emitted prior to which other, if any, of the symbolic expressions, and then updating the dependency indicators to include any such dependencies, and identifying which, if any, of the symbolic expressions that were updated in process were updated such that they no longer need to be emitted prior to which other, if any, of the symbolic expressions, and then updating the dependency indicators to remove any such dependencies.
US07937561B2	Merge microinstruction for minimizing source dependencies in out-of-order execution microprocessor with variable data size macroarchitecture A microprocessor processes a macroinstruction that instructs the microprocessor to write an 8-bit result into only a lower 8 bits of an N-bit architected general purpose register. An instruction translator translates the macroinstruction into a merge microinstruction that specifies an N-bit first source register, an 8-bit second source register, and an N-bit destination register to receive an N-bit result. The N-bit first source register and the N-bit destination register are the N-bit architected general purpose register. An execution unit receives the merge microinstruction and responsively generates the N-bit result to be subsequently written to the N-bit architected general purpose register even though the macroinstruction only instructs the microprocessor to write the 8-bit result into the lower 8 bits of the N-bit architected general purpose register. Specifically, the execution unit directs the 8-bit result into the lower 8 bits of the N-bit result and directs the upper N-8 bits of the N-bit first source register into corresponding upper N-8 bits of the N-bit result.
US07937559B1	System and method for generating a configurable processor supporting a user-defined plurality of instruction sizes A processor generation system includes the ability to describe processors with three instruction sizes. In one example implementation, instructions can be 16-, 24- and 64-bits. This enables a new range of architectures that can exploit parallelism in architectures. In particular, this enables the generation of VLIW architectures. According to another aspect, the processor generator allows a designer to add a configurable number of load/store units to the processor. In order to accommodate multiple load/store units, local memories connected to the processor can have multiple read and write ports (one for each load/store unit). This further allows the local memories to be connected in any arbitrary connection topology. Connection box hardware is automatically generated that provides an interface between the load/store units and the local memories based on the configuration.
US07937553B2	Controlling virtual memory in a storage controller A storage controller of the present invention partitions and allocates a virtual memory area to each of a plurality of functions operating simultaneously. Microprocessors inside a higher-level communications controller can respectively execute a plurality of program products. A virtual memory created using a local memory is partitioned into a plurality of areas. The partitioned areas are allocated to the respective program products via queues.
US07937552B2	Cache line reservations Illustrative embodiments provide a computer implemented method, an apparatus in the form of a data processing system and a computer program product for cache line reservations. In one embodiment, the computer implemented method comprises, dividing a memory into an unreserved section and a set of reserved sections. The method performs selected allocations of the memory only from the set of reserved sections, and performing un-selected allocations of the memory from the unreserved section. The method further mapping a specified selected allocation of the memory to a same corresponding line of cache memory each time the mapping for the specified selected allocation of the memory occurs, thereby maintaining locality.
US07937545B1	Method and apparatus for file-level restore from raw partition backups Method and apparatus for file-level restore from raw partition backups. A backup mechanism may be provided that is configured to perform raw partition backups to a media server and to support file-level restores from the raw partition backups through, for example, Fibre Channel (FC) or iSCSI Logical Unit (LUN) export of the raw partition backup images to client systems. Once a LUN is exported and mounted on the client system, direct file manipulation using standard file system commands may be performed. Embodiments achieve both fast backup and individual file retrieval without the necessity of understanding native file system formats and without requiring a file system mapping of the source (client) partition. Thus, embodiments may be used in heterogeneous environments.
US07937543B2	Determination of the frame age in a large real storage environment A method for automatically determining performance problems in a computer system due to a metric indicating a current memory peak load in the computer system is disclosed. In order to decrease CPU consumption in large memories it is proposed to perform the steps of: a) using a cyclic stealing algorithm used in prior art for stealing subunits, if the subunits were not referenced since the last cycle and writing the subunits to a secondary memory device, with an extension for determining the age of memory subunits, wherein the extension comprises the steps of: b) writing time stamps for a subselection of the memory subunits to a data storage always when the stealing routine has processed a subselection, wherein the current time of a current cycle and the preceding current time of a preceding cycle are stored in respective entries of the data storage, for generating age information for the memory subunits, c) calculating the metric based on average age calculations including differences between a respective one of the current time and a respective one of the preceding current time of one or more of the table entries, d) determining the occurrence of a peak load, when the metric is beyond a predetermined threshold level.
US07937540B2	Storage-access control system for preventing unauthorized access to a storage device A device driver includes an access permitted directory storage unit and an access-permission determining unit. The access-permitted directory storage unit stores as an access-permitted directory an activation directory for a process that is allowed to access an S memory (private memory). The access-permission determining unit checks whether an activation directory for a process that has requested for access to the S memory matches the access-permitted directory. Based on the result, the access-permission determining unit determines whether to accept the access request.
US07937535B2	Managing cache coherency in a data processing apparatus Each of plural processing units has a cache, and each cache has indication circuitry containing segment filtering data. The indication circuitry responds to an address specified by an access request from an associated processing unit to reference the segment filtering data to indicate whether the data is either definitely not stored or is potentially stored in that segment. Cache coherency circuitry ensures that data accessed by each processing unit is up-to-date and has snoop indication circuitry whose content is derived from the already-provided segment filtering data. For certain access requests, the cache coherency circuitry initiates a coherency operation during which the snoop indication circuitry determines whether any of the caches requires a snoop operation. For each cache that does, the cache coherency circuitry issues a notification to that cache identifying the snoop operation to be performed.
US07937532B2	Method and apparatus for speculative prefetching in a multi-processor/multi-core message-passing machine In some embodiments, the invention involves a novel combination of techniques for prefetching data and passing messages between and among cores in a multi-processor/multi-core platform. In an embodiment, a receiving core has a message queue and a message prefetcher. Incoming messages are simultaneously written to the message queue and the message prefetcher. The prefetcher speculatively fetches data referenced in the received message so that the data is available when the message is executed in the execution pipeline, or shortly thereafter. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07937522B2	Method for flash memory data management The method for managing flash memory data includes the following steps. When data are first transmitted from a host and the address for the data indicates a temporary address, then temporary data are retrieved from the temporary address to an external buffer. A writing command is then executed and the temporary data having a destination address are written to a flash buffer. When the buffer of the flash memory is not full, the buffer data are written into a temporary block. The method of writing the buffer data into the temporary block includes using a address changing command, or executing a writing command to rewrite the external buffer data to the flash buffer so that the data are written into the temporary block.
US07937516B2	Integrated circuit with LIN-protocol transmission The invention relates to an integrated circuit having a system base chip of the kind usually provided for performing transmitting and/or receiving functions at a node that is coupled to a vehicle data bus. In an example embodiment, there is an integrated circuit having a system base chip that has basic functions for a transmitting and/or receiving system for a vehicle data bus, namely at least a system voltage supply, a system reset and a monitoring function An interface circuit that, in a self-contained fashion, runs at least parts of a data bus protocol, and in particular, the LIN (Local Interconnect Network) protocol, that performs detection of the bit-rate of received data, and that is capable of passing on at least one received or transmitted byte. A serial/parallel converter makes use in its conversion of the bit-rate detected by the interface circuit.
US07937500B2	Dynamic, real-time integration of software resources through services of a content framework Methods, systems, and computer program products are disclosed for dynamically integrating software resources (such as web services and other back-end software resources) using the services of a content framework (such as a portal platform). A portlet model is leveraged to allow programmatic portlets to serve as proxies for web services, thereby extending portlets beyond their traditional visual role. A deployment interface and a system interface are described for these portlet proxies. The deployment interface is used for composing new web services, and a composition tool is described. The system interface allows for run-time management of the web services by the portal platform. The service provider for a particular function may be bound to the portlet proxy at development time or at run-time.
US07937494B2	Methods and apparatus for processing a DHCP request using rule-based classification An improved technique for processing a DHCP request from a DHCP client device is performed in a data communications device of a network (e.g., performed in a router). The technique involves receiving the DHCP request from the DHCP client device, evaluating a set of rules in response to the DHCP request to obtain a rule-based classification result, and outputting a DHCP response in response to the rule-based classification result. In some arrangements, a policy manager which is external to the data communications device plays a role in the classification process (e.g., dynamic updating of the set of rules, responding to individual queries from the data communications device when generating the rule-based classification result, etc.). Such improvements over conventional DHCP approaches enables improved flexibility and coordination of the DHCP process.
US07937487B2	Media scrubbing using a media processor A system and method for a media processor separates the functions of topology creation and maintenance from the functions of processing data through a topology. The system includes a control layer including a topology generating element to generate a topology describing a set of input multimedia streams, one or more sources for the input multimedia streams, a sequence of operations to perform on the multimedia data, and a set of output multimedia streams, and a media processor to govern the passing of the multimedia data as described in the topology and govern the performance of the sequence of multimedia operations on the multimedia data to create the set of output multimedia streams. The core layer includes the input media streams, the sources for the input multimedia streams, one or more transforms to operate on the multimedia data, stream sinks, and media sinks to provide the set of output multimedia streams.
US07937480B2	Aggregation of reputation data Methods and systems for operation upon one or more data processors for aggregating reputation data from dispersed reputation engines and deriving global reputation information for use in handling received communications.
US07937477B1	Transparent session persistence management by a cache server in a content delivery network A method and apparatus for establishing session persistence between a client and an origin server are provided. The session persistence can be managed by an intermediate cache server. The persistence is established by inserting an identifier and origin server address in a cookie or URL. Alternatively, the persistence is established by a table mapping a source IP address or a session ID to a specific origin server. Subsequent requests from the same client are mapped to the same origin server using these methods of establishing persistence.
US07937473B2	Resource-amount calculation system, and method and program thereof A response-time-difference calculation/request-number converting means (523) calculates a change of throughput based on a response time monitoring result, a target value of the response time, a quantitative model and performance specification information. A server selection means (524) input the performance specification information in the quantitative model acquired to calculate a throughput of each of pool servers, selects a pool server having a throughput corresponding to a throughput larger than and closest to the change of throughput, and instructs provisioning means (513) to execute configuration modification control on the selected pool server (502). The provisioning means (513) modifies the configuration so that the pool server (502) functions as an application server.
US07937469B2	Data management server, data management system, data management method, and program There is provided a data management server that is connectable to a plurality of content servers that store content data and metadata that includes content data attribute information and to a client device that acquires the content data based on the metadata. The data management server includes a data collection portion, a data processing portion, and a transmission portion. The data collection portion collects the metadata from each of the plurality of the content servers. The data processing portion hierarchically structures the metadata that the data collection portion collected, based on the attribute information that is included in the metadata. The transmission portion, in response to a request from the client device, transmits to the client device the metadata that was hierarchically structured by the data processing portion.
US07937456B2	Configuration profiling for remote clients A method and system for a securely gathering and sharing metrics on configurations of client systems. In one embodiment, a system includes a client that determines which components are installed in the client. The client receives, from a user, rating information for individual components in the client, and generates a configuration profile. The configuration profile includes a unique identifier of the client such as a universally unique identifier (UUID), rating information received from the user, and component information for which rating information was received. The configuration profile is sent to a server that stores the configuration profile in a database. The server can send to the client, in response to receiving the configuration profile, received rating information provided from other users having types of components in common with components provided in the configuration profile.
US07937454B2	Wireless media system with embedded media server A wireless media arrangement streams media over a local packet-based wireless network. According to an example embodiment, such a wireless media arrangement (e.g., 100) includes a digitally-encoded non-volatile storage device (NSD) (e.g., 110) such as a hard disc drive (HDD) that stores media, reloadable memory (e.g., 115) such as random-access memory (RAM), a media center (e.g. 105) to stream the stored media to a media playback device over the local network, and an embedded media server (e.g., 120). The media server wirelessly discovers and communicates with a media playback device (e.g., 125) on a local network. The media server also stores database tables on the NSD identifying the stored media. Upon startup, the media server loads a current version of the database tables into the reloadable memory; however, if an error is detected in the current version, then a pervious version of the database tables is loaded. When a change is made to the stored media, the media server stores a new version of the database tables to the NSD while maintaining a previously-stored version of the database tables to facilitate backup in the event of corruption or other error.
US07937450B2	System for providing content, management, and interactivity for thin client devices A system is provided for delivering Internet and digital content to a variety of thin client devices. A web portal for accessing and selecting content is used in conjunction with graphical user interfaces on a personal computer for setting up and controlling the content channels. The user interfaces, scheduling, and communication management are controlled by a system control software application running on a local server with an Internet connection. A high speed local area network provides for streaming content from the Internet or local server to thin client devices. A digital audio playback device is connected to the local server via the local area network connection and decodes streamed audio files, and converts them into analog audio signals for input into a conventional stereo. Digital content is streamed automatically from the local server to another Internet playback device, based on end user content preferences and schedule selections.
US07937449B1	System and method for enabling network stack processes in user mode and kernel mode to access kernel memory locations Methods and apparatus provide for receiving a request for memory from a network stack subsystem running in user mode. The request is received at a listing of pointers that resides within the network stack but separate from kernel memory. Each available pointer in the listing of pointers references a particular free kernel memory location. In response to the request, the listing of pointers provides the network stack subsystem with at least one pointer to a free kernel memory location. Via the pointer, the network stack subsystem that received the pointer to the free kernel memory location directly writes at least one segment of a packet to the free kernel memory location.
US07937441B2	Data-control device and method of controlling same A data-processing device which receives data transmitted from at least one other data-processing device on a network is provided. The data-processing device acquires information about a state of the other data-processing device, and outputs data items provided by the other data-processing device and information about a relation between the data items provided by the other data-processing device according to the acquired state information.
US07937436B2	Validating routing of client requests to appropriate servers hosting specific stateful web service instances A method, apparatus and computer program for validating that a client's request has been routed to an appropriate server hosting a specific stateful web service instance in a system comprising a plurality of stateful web service instances. The specific stateful web service instance is one which has required state data for processing the client's request. A request is received for processing by a web service instance. Any identity data is extracted from the request. The identity data uniquely identifies the required state data and the identity of the target server that hosts that state data. It is then determined whether the target server identity matches that of the server that has received the client's request and responsive to a negative determination, a routing failure is reported.
US07937428B2	System and method for generating and using a dynamic bloom filter A dynamic Bloom filter comprises a cascaded set of Bloom filters. The system estimates or guesses a cardinality of input items, selects a number of hash functions based on the desired false positive rate, and allocates memory for an initial Bloom filter based on the estimated cardinality and desired false positive rate. The system inserts items into the initial Bloom filter and counts the bits set as they are inserted. If the number of bits set in the current Bloom filter reaches a predetermined target, the system declares the current Bloom filter full. The system recursively generates additional Bloom filters as needed for items remaining after the initial Bloom filter is filled; items are checked to eliminate duplicates. Each of the set of Bloom filters is individually queried to identify a positive or negative in response to a query. When the system is configured such that the false positive rate of each successive Bloom filter is decreased by one half, the system guarantees a false positive rate of at most twice the desired false positive rate.
US07937427B2	Digital generation of a chaotic numerical sequence A method is provided for generating a chaotic sequence. The method includes selecting a plurality of polynomial equations. The method also includes using residue number system (RNS) arithmetic operations to respectively determine solutions for the polynomial equations. The solutions are iteratively computed and expressed as RNS residue values. The method further includes determining a series of digits in a weighted number system (e.g., a binary number system) based on the RNS residue values. According to an aspect of the invention, the method includes using a Chinese Remainder Theorem process to determine a series of digits in the weighted number system based on the RNS residue values. According to another aspect of the invention, the determining step comprises identifying a number in the weighted number system that is defined by the RNS residue values.
US07937417B2	Mobile communication terminal and method A method for handling media files having attributes is disclosed. A user-configurable play criteria specification is provided, and the method involves automatically selecting and performing a current media file having at least one attribute in compliance with the play criteria specification. Moreover, the method involves receiving a user input indicative of a desired play criterion, the desired play criterion being related to at least one attribute of the current media file, and updating the play criteria specification to include the desired play criterion.
US07937414B2	Fiber splice assignment and management system Fiber splice assignment and management systems are provided that include a database, assignment logic, and completion logic. The database can typically store a fiber splice record associated with a wirecenter. The assignment logic assigns a fiber splice record associated with a fiber splice job for the wirecenter to a draftsman and records the assignment. The completion logic typically receives a request to close the fiber splice record, and receives a credit amount associated with the fiber splice job from a fiber splice manager. Methods and other systems are also provided.
US07937409B2	Retrieving documents transitively linked to an initial document A method for converting a semantic markup representation of a document into a physical markup representation of the document calculates a logical minimum width equal to the minimum width required to display all screen objects within the document at their normal size, creates a physical markup representation of the document, the physical markup representation having a width at least as wide as the logical minimum width, and conforms the physical markup representation to a target size, including a target width by scaling the width of the physical markup representation by a scaling factor derived from the ratio of an element of the target size to the logical minimum width.
US07937404B2	Data processing system and method A data processing system and method uses metadata associated with data to be retrieved from storage to identify further data to be retrieve at least a portion of that further data from the storage in accordance with a prefetch policy. A first interface receives a data access request from an application, and a prefetcher reads metadata associated with a file and uses the metadata to identify further data to be prefetched and placed in storage or memory having a performance greater than the performance of persistent storage.
US07937403B2	Time-based analysis of related keyword searching Disclosed are apparatus and methods for displaying related search terms in a time sequence format. In example embodiments, a user search database, for retaining search terms that were used during specific times, may be available. The user search database may be searched to find which users have searched on a selected anchor term. The frequency of use of such anchor term may then be displayed in a time sequence format, e.g., over a week time period. The users that have used this selected anchor term may have also searched on other search terms, and the search terms that belong to a selected category of interest and were also used by the anchor term users may also be located in the user search database. These search terms from the selected category may also be displayed in a time sequence format, e.g., in the month preceding or proceeding the anchor use display's time period.
US07937397B2	Apparatus and method for term context modeling for information retrieval A novel method for going beyond the observed properties of a keyword, to a model in which the presence of a term in a document is assessed not by looking at the actual occurrence of that term, but by a set of non-independent supporting terms, defining the context. In other words, similarity is determined not by properties of the keyword, but by properties of the keyword's context. This yields a scoring for documents which is useful for ad hoc retrieval and, by extension, any information retrieval task where keyword-based similarity is needed.
US07937389B2	Dynamic reduction of dimensions of a document vector in a document search and retrieval system The method and system of the invention involves processing each new document (20) coming into the system into a document vector (16), and creating a document vector with reduced dimensionality (17) for comparison with the data model (15) without recomputing the data model (15). These operations are carried out by a first computer (11) while a second computer (12) updates the data model (18), which can be comprised of an initial large group of documents (19) and is premised on the computing an initial data model (13, 14, 15) to provide a reference point for determining document vectors from documents processed from the data stream (20).
US07937388B2	Probabilistic lossy counting A method for probabilistic lossy counting includes: for each element in a current window, determining whether an entry corresponding to a current element is present in a table; in the event an entry corresponding to the current element is present in the table, incrementing a frequency counter associated with the current element; otherwise, inserting an entry into a table, wherein inserting an entry comprises: calculating a probabilistic error bound Δ based on an index i of the current window; and inserting the probabilistic error bound Δ and a frequency counter into an entry corresponding to the current element in the table; and at the end of the current window, removing all elements from the table wherein the sum of the frequency counter and probabilistic error bound Δ associated with the element is less than or equal to the index of the current window.
US07937378B2	Concurrent lock-free skiplist with wait-free contains operator Apparatus, methods, and computer program products are disclosed for performing a wait-free search of a concurrent, lock-free skiplist to determine existence of a sought-after key.
US07937374B2	Electronic data management A method of electronically administering instructions, includes receiving a new instruction; creating new instruction metadata from the new instruction; comparing the new instruction metadata to a data set of existing instruction metadata to identify existing instructions corresponding to the new instruction; determining whether the new instruction metadata indicates that the new instruction revises an existing instruction; comparing the new instruction to any corresponding existing instructions, where the new copy instruction metadata does not indicate that the new instruction revises an existing instruction, to determine if the new instruction revises the existing instructions; initiating revision workflow where the new instruction is determined to revise an existing instruction; and storing the new instruction metadata in the data set of existing instruction metadata and the new instruction in a corresponding data set of existing instructions. A system for electronically administering hundreds of instructions per hour and a computer program for electronically administering a new instruction are also presented.
US07937367B2	System and method for parallelized replay of an NVRAM log in a storage appliance A system and method for operating a storage system is provided. A plurality of operating system transaction entries are stored in a log, and a swarm of messages with respect to the plurality of operating system transaction entries is established. The swarm of messages is delivered to an operating system of the storage system. A processor performs a parallel retrieval process for a plurality of messages in the swarm of messages by processing the plurality of messages in an arbitrary order without regard to an underlying order of the messages.
US07937363B2	Calculation engine for use in OLAP environments This invention addresses the need for dealing with complex planning calculations based on data warehouse or Planning Data Repository (PDR) data where some aggregated data or forecast data might be changed without directly manipulating the underlying data, and where there may be several relationships linking the data. The system is able to deal with complex relationships along more than one axis or dimension. A number of iterations are typically used involving both back-solving and ‘forward-solving’. The subset of cells that needs to be recalculated is identified before steps of back-solving and/or forward-solving using parent/child tables. The scanning of these tables looking for potential dependencies is much simpler and faster than to looking at the actual formulae or functions relating the cells. The step of creating the parent/child tables is carried out in advance of the actual calculation by parsing all the relationships (formulae and functions) and summarising the dependencies between cells in the parent/child tables.
US07937362B1	System and method for facilitating a credit system in a peer-to-peer content delivery network A system and method facilitate a credit system for providing user incentives to encourage data sharing in a P2P network. The credit system maintains a user credit database and respectively increases or decreases a user's credits based on the data uploaded to or downloaded from other peer nodes. The credit system can also associate a user's credits with economic value or rewards to encourage the user to share data with other peer nodes. In one embodiment, the credit system maintains a credit record for each user. The credit system increases the credit for a user based on the amount of data a peer node associated with the user uploads to other peer nodes in the P2P network. The credit system also decreases the credit for the user based on the amount of data downloaded by the peer node associated with the user.
US07937356B2	Apparatus, and associated method, for assessing viability of communication system arrangement transformation Apparatus, and an associated method, for determining viability of transformation of a conventional computer system arrangement into a virtualized arrangement. A virtualization engine is provided that includes an assessor and a scorer. The assessor carries out an assessment process, such as a system assessment, a component assessment, and a cost assessment that assesses the viability of the transformation. And, a scorer provides a quantifiable score of the assessment results. The score is used in the decision-making process to decide whether to transform the arrangement into the virtualized arrangement.
US07937355B2	Decision tree multi-field classification dynamic rules updating and rebuilding The present invention relates to a method and computer system device for applying a plurality of rules to data packets within a network computer system. A filter rule decision tree is updated by adding or deleting a rule. If deleting a filter rule then the decision tree is provided to a network data plane processor with an incremental delete of the filter rule. If adding a filter rule then either providing an incremental insertion of the filter rule to the decision tree or rebuilding the first decision tree into a second decision tree responsive to comparing a parameter to a threshold. In one embodiment the parameter and thresholds relate to depth values of the tree filter rule chained branches. In another the parameter and thresholds relate to a total count of rule additions since a building of the relevant tree.
US07937344B2	Machine data web Methods and apparatus consistent with the invention provide the ability to organize and build understandings of machine data generated by a variety of information-processing environments. Machine data is a product of information-processing systems (e.g., activity logs, configuration files, messages, database records) and represents the evidence of particular events that have taken place and been recorded in raw data format. In one embodiment, machine data is turned into a machine data web by organizing machine data into events and then linking events together.
US07937330B2	System and method for optimization of group shipments to reduce shipping costs Described herein is a method and system to provide optimizing shipping costs that can help arbitrate between a precise solution at an unreasonable cost and a reasonable solution at a very reasonable cost. In one embodiment, a first shipping option is generated to deliver shipments to a first sub-set of recipients within a first time period, and to deliver shipments to a second sub-set of recipients within a second time period that is greater than the first time period, with the shipments to the second sub-set of recipients being a greater distance than shipments to the first sub-set of recipients. The first shipping option provides a cost of shipping savings relative to shipping to all of the recipients within the first time period. The generating of the first shipping option includes selecting the second sub-set of recipients to include a quantity of recipients to provide a cost of shipping savings equal or greater to a predetermined percentage.
US07937328B2	Digital rights management A method for digital rights management includes receiving a selection input from a user, associating a customer number with a file based on the selection input, embedding the customer number and a file identifier associated with the file in the file, and sending the file with the embedded customer number and file identifier to the user. One embodiment includes receiving a customer number change request, revising the central database in response to the customer number change request, determining a new customer number responsive to the customer number change request, and embedding the determined new customer number in the file. Another embodiment includes receiving an authorization request associated with a file, determining an authorization based on the central database and authorization request, and sending an authorization notice response to the determined authorization.
US07937319B2	Methods and systems for compliance monitoring knowledge base A knowledge base and methods for use in connection with a policy compliance monitoring system operative to determine exceptions to policies expressed by computer-executable policy statements. The system allows establishment, codification, and maintenance of enterprise policies, monitors electronic transactions of the enterprise from various and possibly heterogeneous data sources, detects exceptions to established policies, reports exceptions to authorized users such as managers and auditors, and/or provides a case management system for tracking exceptions and their underlying transactions. The knowledge base comprises extractor files that are utilized for extracting information from data sources for utilization in policy compliance monitoring, a mapper for normalizing data from the data sources against a system ontology and storing normalized data in a monitoring database, and computer-executable compliance policy statements used by a transaction analysis engine. The policy statements represent predetermined policies of the enterprise that apply to data stored in the monitoring database.
US07937318B2	System and method for offering intraday wagering in a financial market environment A method for providing a wager in a financial market environment is provided that includes presenting an opportunity to make a wager that is based on a moving market line associated with a financial market. An end user is given an opportunity to bet on whether a financial market value will be above or below the moving market line at a designated time. The wager may be accepted from the end user. The wager may be monitored in order to determine whether the financial market value was above or below the moving market line at the designated time.
US07937315B2	Portfolio execution and reporting A program trade order process and related market center are disclosed which accumulate program trade orders throughout the trading day and execute the accumulated program trade orders at a designated time. The process disclosed provides trade reporting and order surveillance capabilities as well.
US07937310B1	System and method for providing efficiency and stability to securities financing marketplace The present invention provides a system and method for providing matching buyers and sellers of securities. The system and method of the present system provides auction services over a network. A list of designated counterparties is maintained by each of a plurality of lenders. Another list of designated counterparties is maintained by each of a plurality of borrowers. Another list of preferred characteristics (preferences) that a potential borrower would have is maintained by each of a plurality of lenders. Another list of preferred characteristics (preferences) that a potential lender would have is maintained by each of a plurality of borrowers. These lists can be updated daily or as frequently as desired. When securities are to loaned, a matching process accesses the appropriate list of designated counterparties to create a list of one or more suggested counterparty. The matching process also accesses the appropriate list of preferred characteristics. Based on the list of preferred characteristics, a search is made of a database of securities lending information to find matches to the preferred characteristics. Based on the matches, the list of one or more suggested counterparties is updated. The suggested list of counterparties is then sent to an intermediary who completes the loan of securities using the matching information.
US07937303B2	Grants management system A system and method for managing grants received from one or more sponsors is proposed. The grants management system receives a transaction request and retrieves data associated with the transaction request from a data cube. The grants management system then determines, from the perspective of the sponsors, if the transaction request satisfies administrative and financial requirements imposed by the sponsors. If the administrative and financial requirements are satisfied, the transaction request is admitted.
US07937298B2	Guaranteed RFID event delivery An RFID event tracking and management system provides a standardized approach that can be utilized by various industry verticals. Guaranteed event delivery can ensure that any event data captured by an RFID device is written to persistent storage. A first guaranteed commit process can ensure that event data captured by an RFID device is written to a persistent queue, and the event data is not released from the RFID device until the event data is verified to be in the persistent queue. A second guaranteed commit process then ensures that the event data in the persistent queue is written to persistent storage, and the event data is not released from the persistent queue until the event data is verified to be in the persistent storage.
US07937297B2	RFID system using SOA An RFID edge server can associate with multiple RFID readers at a location, a service bus can receive RFID data from the RFID edge server and make the RFID data available to multiple services that consume the RFID data.
US07937291B2	Providing an announcement about transactions of a target merchant to a consumer An announcement distributor distributes, or auctions an opportunity to distribute, an announcement to an announcement recipient such as a consumer, issuer, merchant, or acquirer within a payment processing system. The announcement is formed when there has been a satisfaction of an announcement condition, such as the consumer being determined to be located within a predetermined spatial zone. The content of the announcement may, in turn, facilitate a subsequent cashless transaction for resources of merchants. Implementations describe various permutations of the content of the announcement, the announcement condition, and the announcement recipient.
US07937287B2	Meeting effectiveness program optimization A method and system of developing an event designed to appeal to prospective attendees associated with an event-owner. First and second different events are defined as a function of modeled values and defined attributes having values corresponding to collected preferred values. The event-owner compares the first reward program to the second reward program as a function of the weighted prospective attendee preferred values and selects and implements one of the events based on the provided comparison.
US07937286B2	System and method for analyzing marketing efforts The present invention relates to a method and system for evaluating the cause and effect of advertising and marketing programs using card transaction data. In one embodiment, access is provided to voluminous card-holder transaction data detailing accurate-to-the-penny transaction amounts, twenty-four hour active customers, and a multi-year transaction history per customer. Furthermore, such data is captured in real-time, and due to the sample size, can provide granular, statistically significant information at a local level for client and merchant coverage.
US07937282B2	Generating an optimized price schedule for a product Generating a price schedule involves generating a graph having paths that include states with values. The graph is generated by determining the values of a successor state from the values of a predecessor state. An optimal path is selected, and a price schedule is determined from the optimal path. Computing an elasticity curve involves having a demand model, values for demand model, and filter sets that restrict the values. Elasticity curves are determined by filtering the values using filter sets, and calculating the elasticity curve using the demand model. A best-fitting elasticity curve is selected. Adjusting a demand forecast value includes estimating an inventory and a demand at a number of locations. An expected number of unrealized sales at each location is calculated. An sales forecast value is determined according to the expected number.
US07937278B1	Usage-based insurance cost determination system and method A system and method for calculating and applying insurance costs. For vehicle insurance under one embodiment of the present invention, insurance costs are calculated on a per-mile basis in a nonlinear fashion, assigning different levels of risk based upon the distance driven by a customer. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first miles or kilometers driven by a customer are assigned a greater level of risk than later-driven miles or kilometers. The present invention provides an actuarial method that more closely conforms the cost of insurance for a particular vehicle to its annual mileage by creating a Rate Per Mile Factor (RMF), where the RMF is expressed as a function of annual mileage.
US07937277B2	Systems and methods for workflow processing Systems and methods for processing a workflow are disclosed. Certain embodiments allow prescreened data to be inserted into a workflow. A user's interpretation of prescreened data can be compared with previously obtained characteristics, enabling the user's interpretive output to be monitored and improved. The disclosed systems and methods have applications including, but not limited to, training, performance analysis, process improvement, and data analysis and data mining in workflows.
US07937272B2	Scalable encoding/decoding of audio signals An audio signal is encoded by a first waveform encoder (103) to generate a first waveform based bit-stream component. A second encoder (105) encodes the audio signal to generate a second bit-stream component comprising first enhancement data and a third encoder (107) encodes the audio signal to generate a third bit-stream component comprising second enhancement data for the first waveform based bit-stream component. The first and second bit-stream components correspond to a first representation of the audio signal and the first and third bit-stream components correspond to a second representation of the audio signal. A scalable audio bit-stream is generated by a bit-stream generator (109). The different representations may be selected between by a decoder thereby allowing a flexible and scalable bit-stream to be communicated. The second encoder (105) may specifically be a waveform encoder and the third encoder (107) may specifically be a parametric encoder.
US07937263B2	System and method for tokenization of text using classifier models The present invention pertains to a system and method for the tokenization of text. The featurizer may be configured to receive input text and convert the input text into tokens. According to one aspect of the invention, the tokens may include only one type of character, the characters selected from the group consisting of letters, numbers, and punctuation. The tokenizer may also include a classifier. The classifier may be configured to receive the tokens from the featurizer. Furthermore, the classifier may be configured to analyze the tokens received from the featurizer to determine if the tokens may be input into a predetermined classification model using a preclassifier. If one of the tokens passes the preclassifier, then the token is classified using the predetermined classification model. Additionally, according to a first aspect of the invention, the tokenizer may also include a finalizer. The finalizer may be configured to receive the tokens and may be configured to produce a final output.
US07937261B2	Translation on demand A translation on demand (“TOD”), in one embodiment, receives a search request with a search term from a user in a native language across the Internet. The search term is translated into at least one foreign language using automatic translation software (“ATS”) according to specifications listed with the search request. After the search term is translated, a search with the search term in both native and foreign languages is performed. Once receipt of the outcome of the search, search results are displayed, wherein each entry or document of the search results also includes a brief description presented in the native language. The TOD system also generates multiple TOD price selections. The TOD price selections allow a user to place an order to translate a selected document. A translation job order for translating the selected document is then distributed for bidding over the network.
US07937251B2	Method and system for designing and modeling a product in a knowledge based engineering environment An interactive design system includes a design application that creates and models a geometry of an object. A programming language application defines engineering rules that may be associated with the object. The programming language application associates the geometry of the object with the engineering rules such that any change made to the geometry is automatically reflected in the engineering rules and any change made to the engineering rules is reflected in the geometry. The programming language application may also generate one or more knowledge features that can be used to verify that associated parameter constraints have not been violated as a result of a geometry or engineering rule change before applying the desired changes.
US07937247B2	Virtual metering Methods for improving the accuracy of characterizing unmonitored paths or virtual meters in a utility system. The hierarchical arrangement of IEDs in the utility system is determined. Measured quantities of a characteristic of the utility being monitored are received and error-adjusted using statistical or absolute methods. The statistical method accounts for the mean and standard deviation associated with error measurements of the subject IED, and the absolute method uses the absolute value of the error measurement, expressed as a percentage, to produce ranges of measured quantities within an error tolerance. The differences between the error-adjusted quantities are analyzed to determine whether an unmonitored path exists, and if so, whether the virtual meter is consuming or supplying the utility. The order in which IEDs are read is determined so that a parent and its children are read in sequence to increase synchronicity of the received data and the virtual meter evaluation.
US07937245B2	Rendering of subsurface scattering effects in translucent objects Embodiments are directed to modifying an existing scheme for providing translucent illumination in order to take account of subsurface scattering. The color of a selected point of a translucent object can be determined using existing methods. The existing methods need not take subsurface scattering into account. Then, a contribution to the color at the selected point due to subsurface scattering may be calculated. The contribution due to subsurface scattering may be calculated based on a photon map. Embodiments of the invention also include the use of different types of photon maps. In some embodiments, a standard photon map may be used. In other embodiments, a photon map may be defined in a manner similar to a depth map. Thus, the entries of a photon map may be defined in terms of an angle from a light source and a distance between an object's surface and a light source.
US07937241B2	Method and device for analyzing the effects of the vibrations of a vehicle acting on a person Methods and systems for analyzing vibrations of a vehicle acting on a person. The person uses a sprung vehicle seat. A detection unit detects acceleration values fitted to the vehicle seat in the x-, y- and z-axes at preset intervals of time. An increase over time of the acceleration values cumulated with one another is determined and a time calculated from this when a pre-determinable permitted maximum of the cumulated acceleration values will foreseeably be reached.
US07937238B2	System and method for selecting a pillow and mattress A method is provided for selecting a pillow and mattress based upon an empirical measurement of an individual's pillow selection criteria, mattress selection criteria and sleep characteristics. A system incorporating the principles of the method are also disclosed.
US07937225B2	Systems, methods and software arrangements for detection of genome copy number variation The present invention relates to systems, methods and software arrangements for the detection of variations in the copy number of a gene in a genome. These systems, methods and software arrangements are based on a simple prior model that uses a first process generating amplifications and deletions in the genome, and a second process modifying the signal obtained to account for the corrupting noise inherent in the technical methodology used to scan the genome. A Bayesian approach according to the present invention determines, e.g., the most plausible hypothesis of regional changes in the genome and their associated copy number. The systems, methods, and software arrangements can be are framed as optimization problems, in which a score function is minimized. The system, methods and software arrangements may be useful to assist the scientific study, diagnosis and/or treatment of any disease which has a genetic component, including but not limited to cancers and inherited diseases.
US07937217B2	Bearing calculator and error correction method A bearing calculator provided with a geomagnetic sensor for detecting earth-geomagnetism and a control unit for calculating a geographical bearing based on detection values of the geomagnetic sensor. The control unit can execute offset error correction processing for correcting the offset error to the geomagnetic sensor based on a change in the magnetic field inside the bearing calculator. When detection values of the geomagnetic sensor enter an abnormal state, it performs said offset error correction processing when the abnormal state continues for a predetermined time, while does not perform the offset error correction processing when the abnormal state ends within a predetermined time.
US07937211B2	Internal combustion engine torque control In a control device for an internal combustion engine including a throttle valve for adjusting the intake air amount that affects on the torque of the internal combustion engine, when a request for acceleration of the internal combustion engine is made, a torque gradient, which is a change in the torque of the internal combustion engine per unit time during the acceleration, is predicted based on an operating condition of the internal combustion engine before the acceleration, and the operation of the throttle valve is controlled based on the predicted torque gradient during the acceleration of the internal combustion engine.
US07937210B2	Device for controlling an internal combustion engine A device for controlling an internal combustion engine has sensors That measure the operating states of the internal combustion engine. The sensor signals are used for determining control signals for the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, testing means are provided which verify the sensor signals and if implausible sensor signals are detected, control of the internal combustion engine is prevented.
US07937207B2	Exhaust gas purification system for internal combustion engine An object of the present invention is to provide a technology that enables to enhance the effect of decreasing the NOx emission achieved by an exhaust gas purification system as a whole while favorably achieving both reduction in the amount of NOx generated in an internal combustion engine by means of EGR and reduction reaction of NOx in an NOx catalyst even when a reduction process for the NOx catalyst is performed while EGR is being performed. In the invention, in the case where addition of fuel into an exhaust pipe from a fuel addition valve 28 is performed to carry out the reduction process for the NOx catalyst 20 when EGR is being performed mainly by means of a low pressure EGR passage 23, the amount of the exhaust gas passing through the NOx catalyst 20 is decreased by decreasing the amount of the exhaust gas recirculated by the low pressure EGR passage 23.
US07937206B2	Fuel mixture autoignition control method, notably for diesel type internal-combustion engines, and engine using same The present invention relates to a method for controlling autoignition of a fuel mixture, notably for a diesel type internal-combustion engine, according to which a fuel mixture is made in at least one combustion chamber (14) of the engine with a fuel and at least one fluid in order to obtain a homogeneous type combustion by autoignition. The method includes defining a desired combustion progress by autoignition of the fuel mixture, and adjusting the cetane number of the fuel used for the mixture to that of the fuel providing the desired combustion progress is obtained.
US07937190B2	Apparatus for an automated aerial refueling boom using multiple types of sensors A system for automated control of a refueling boom coupled to a tanker aircraft is provided. The system includes: a first inertial measurement unit (IMU) providing inertial measurements for the tanker aircraft; a first GPS receiver providing a GPS location for a GPS antenna attached to the tanker aircraft; and a processor adapted to calculate a first inertial navigation state for the tanker aircraft through integration of the inertial measurements, the processor being further adapted to calculate a first inertial navigation state error relative to the GPS location and to filter the first inertial navigation state error and the first inertial navigation state based upon noise characteristics of the first IMU and the first GPS receiver to provide an updated inertial navigation state for the tanker aircraft, the processor being further adapted to control the refueling boom relative to a receiver aircraft based upon the first and updated inertial navigation states.
US07937188B2	Chip overheating protection Embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems and methods for controlling the temperature of an internal device while reducing or minimizing the involvement of the host. Thus, some of the heat monitoring and remediation work may be offloaded to the actual device itself. The device may monitor its own temperature and, in the event of high temperature, perform device specific heat reduction actions without involving the host. Furthermore, the device may, upon detecting temperature within a predefined range, alert the host of a high temperature condition in order to allow the host to perform temperature reduction measures. Also, the device may, upon detecting temperature within a predefined range, alert the host of an impending device shutdown and shut the device down. In addition, the device may periodically save its temperature into non-volatile memory in order to create a temperature log.
US07937179B2	Dynamic inline yield analysis and prediction of a defect limited yield using inline inspection defects In one embodiment, a method for predicting yield includes calculating a criticality factor (CF) for each of a plurality of defects detected in an inspection process step of a wafer, and determining a yield-loss contribution of the inspection process step to the final yield based on CFs of the plurality of defects and the yield model built for a relevant design. The yield-loss contribution of the inspection process step is then used to predict the final yield for the wafer.
US07937175B2	Methods and systems for pervasive diagnostics Model-based production control systems and methods are presented for constructing plans for controlling operation of a production system with a plant having a plurality of resources to achieve one or more production goals, in which a planner constructs plans for execution in the plant based on production goals while balancing both production objectives (e.g., production cost, production time) and diagnostic objectives (e.g., diagnostic cost, information gained, repair cost), and a diagnosis engine determines a current plant condition based on a previously executed plan and corresponding observations from the plant, and provides expected information gain data to the planner, with the planner generating a plan that will achieve a given production goal and is improved for one or more diagnostic objectives and the expected information gain data.
US07937172B2	Program creating device for programmable controller, program creating method for programmable controller, and recording medium having program recorded thereon It is an object to acquire a program creating device for a programmable controller which is able to create a sequence program without grasping a procedure of an address of an individual parameter area allocated to an object module when a setting of parameters of various functional modules for the programmable controller is executed.The device constitutes setting information creating means 12 for preparing module setting information of a parameter type for the programmable controller by using specific information which is included a functional module, analysis and conversion means 14 for creating a source file to be converted into a sequence program which programmed an operation of the programmable controller according to an analysis of a parameter of the module setting information, and program converting and inserting means 31 for converting a file created by the analysis and conversion means into the sequence program.
US07937165B2	Method and device for tuning and control A method and a device for tuning and control of industrial processes having varying material flow rate. An adder is configured to add excitation signals to the controller output signal. A measurement system is configured to measure a property in response to the excitation signals. A model based tuning unit is adapted to estimate the value of at least one parameter with unknown value of a process model structure describing the effect of varying material flow rate, based on the measurements of the property and the output signal from the controller, and to calculate a model that describes the dynamics from controller output to controller input based on the estimated value of the parameter, and to perform model based tuning of the controller based on the model that describes the dynamics from controller output to controller input.
US07937160B2	Methods for delivering cortical electrode leads into patient's head Methods and kits for delivering an electrode lead into the head of a patient are provided. A burr hole is formed within the cranium of the patient, and an electrode lead is threaded through the burr hole. The electrode lead is then placed in a pre-shaped two-dimensional geometry between the cranium and cortical brain tissue of the patient. An access anchor may be mounted into the burr hole to facilitate introduction and removal of the electrode lead and other devices. In some circumstances, it may be desirable to separate the dura mater overlying the cortical brain tissue from the cortical brain tissue to create a pocket in which the electrode lead may be manipulated. In this case, a tissue layer dissection device can be introduced through the burr hole, operated to separate the dura mater from the cranium, and then removed from the burr hole. In one embodiment, the dissection device comprises a balloon that can be inflated to separate the dura mater and cranium, and then deflated prior to removing the dissection device from the burr hole.
US07937158B2	Multi-programmable trial stimulator Disclosed are systems and methods which provide trial stimulators suited for use interoperatively and during patient trial. Trial stimulator embodiments provide a patient interface and/or clinician interface which appears and functions substantially the same as an interface of a pulse generator controller which will be used after a trial period. A compliance monitor feature may be provided to facilitate verifying the proper use of the trial stimulator during a trial period. A diagnostic feature may be provided to facilitate verifying proper operation of various aspects of a trial stimulator, such as electrode impedance analysis. Trial stimulators of embodiments provide stimulation to a plurality of tissues and/or areas of the body, such as spinal cord stimulation, deep brain stimulation, etcetera. Embodiments provide for multi-electrode stimulation and multi-stimulation programs. Embodiments are configured to provide active discharge of stimulation pulses as well as to utilize constant current sources in providing the stimulation pulses.
US07937156B2	Implantable device having osseointegrating protuberances A housing for an implantable device to be secured to a patient's bone is disclosed. The housing comprises at least one osseointegrating protuberance extending from one or more surfaces of the housing adapted to abut the patient's bone. The at least one osseointegrating protuberance is configured to be extricated from the bone subsequent to osseointegration. The housing can be used, for example, for an implantable stimulator unit of a cochlear prosthetic device.
US07937150B2	Lead-carried proximal electrode for quadripolar transthoracic impedance monitoring An implantable medical device (IMD) provides quadripolar transthoracic impedance measurement capability by forming at least one of the two electrodes associated with the canister of the device on a lead proximate the canister.
US07937149B2	Method and apparatus for detecting change in physiologic parameters A method and apparatus for detection of changes in physiologic parameters of a patient that includes generating measured physiologic parameters, generating an adaptive baseline trend of the measured physiologic parameters corresponding to a first time period, generating a short term trend of the measured physiologic parameters corresponding to a second time period less than the first time period, and generating a metric of physiologic parameter change between the adaptive baseline trend and one of a most recent measured physiologic parameter and the short term trend of the measured physiologic parameters.
US07937144B2	Electric modulation of sympathetic nervous system A method is described for the treatment of obesity or other disorders, by electrical activation or inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system. This activation or inhibition can be accomplished by electrically stimulating the greater splanchnic nerve or other portion of the sympathetic nervous system using an implantable pulse generator. This nerve activation can result in reduced food intake and increased energy expenditure. Reduced food intake may occur through a variety of mechanisms that reduce appetite and cause satiety. Increased adrenal gland hormone levels will result in increased energy expenditure. Fat and carbohydrate metabolism, which are also increased by sympathetic nerve activation, will accompany the increased energy expenditure.
US07937142B2	Irritation-reducing ocular iontophoresis device The invention provides an ocular iontophoresis device for delivering medication, the device comprising a medication reservoir suitable for being positioned on the eye, at least one medication in solution in the reservoir, an active electrode disposed in the reservoir, and a passive electrode, the device including at least one medication dissolved in non-saline water, the said solution having a pH lying in the range 6.5 to 8.5, the medication having a pKa lying in the range about 5.5 to about 9.5 and includes an active principle which is associated with an additive, such as a dendrimer, a polymer, a nanoparticle, a microsphere, a liposome, or an emulsion, and having an ionic form of valency greater than or equal to 1.
US07937135B2	Method and apparatus for adjusting a sensing parameter A method and apparatus for determining oversensing in a medical device that includes sensing cardiac signals, determining an oversensing characteristic associated with cardiac signals sensed during a predetermined sensing window, identifying oversensing in response to the oversensing characteristic, determining, in response to oversensing being identified, an adjusting characteristic associated with cardiac signals sensed during the predetermined sensing window, and updating a sensing parameter in response to the determined adjusting characteristic.
US07937134B2	Systems for controlling injection and/or imaging procedures A system for producing a contrast-enhanced medical image of a patient includes a source of a contrast or enhancement medium, a pressurizing unit in fluid connection with the source of contrast or enhancement medium, an energy source operable to apply energy to a region of the patient, an imaging unit providing a visual display of an internal view of the patient based upon a signal resulting from the energy applied to the region of the patient, and a control unit. In an embodiment, the signal is affected by a condition of the contrast or enhancement medium in the patient. To control the procedures, the control unit adjusts the condition of the contrast or enhancement medium in the patient based upon the signal. A communication interface preferably enables information between an injector subsystem and an imaging subsystem.
US07937130B2	Signal processing apparatus A signal processor which acquires a first signal, including a first primary signal portion and a first secondary signal portion, and a second signal, including a second primary signal portion and a second secondary signal portion, wherein the first and second primary signal portions are correlated. The signals may be acquired by propagating energy through a medium and measuring an attenuated signal after transmission or reflection. Alternatively, the signals may be acquired by measuring energy generated by the medium. A processor of the present invention generates a primary or secondary reference signal which is a combination, respectively, of only the primary or secondary signal portions. The secondary reference signal is then used to remove the secondary portion of each of the first and second measured signals via a correlation canceler, such as an adaptive noise canceler, preferably of the joint process estimator type. The primary reference signal is used to remove the primary portion of each of the first and second measured signals via a correlation canceler. The processor of the present invention may be employed in conjunction with a correlation canceler in physiological monitors wherein the known properties of energy attenuation through a medium are used to determine physiological characteristics of the medium. Many physiological conditions, such as the pulse, or blood pressure of a patient or the concentration of a constituent in a medium, can be determined from the primary or secondary portions of the signal after other signal portion is removed.
US07937128B2	Cyanotic infant sensor A pulse oximetry sensor comprises emitters configured to transmit light having a plurality of wavelengths into a fleshy medium. A detector is responsive to the emitted light after absorption by constituents of pulsatile blood flowing within the medium so as to generate intensity signals. A sensor head has a light absorbing surface adapted to be disposed proximate the medium. The emitters and the detector are disposed proximate the sensor head. A detector window is defined by the sensor head and configured so as to limit the field-of-view of the detector.
US07937107B2	Method and system for Bluetooth, near field communication and simultaneous FM transmission and reception functions Methods and systems for wireless communication are disclosed and may comprise generating a first signal to enable transmission and/or reception of Bluetooth signals, and clocking direct digital frequency synthesizers (DDFSs) via the first signal to enable simultaneous transmission and reception of FM and NFC signals. The first signal may be generated via a Bluetooth LOGEN or PLL, and may comprise in-phase and quadrature components. The frequency of the first signal may be within the range of 2.4 GHz to 2.483 GHz, or mixed to result in a frequency within the same range. Control word inputs may be generated to control the DDFSs, and may be adjusted to compensate for changes in frequency of the first signal. Simultaneous NFC transmission and reception may be simulated by switching the control word inputs between a plurality of values in successive time intervals to perform time division duplexing, and may occur at different frequencies.
US07937101B2	System and method for performing communication in a wireless communication network A wireless communication network is provided in which a plurality of radio devices achieve frequency diversity. By utilizing cognitive capability within the radio devices to iteratively select frequency sets, a lowest cardinality frequency set is generated and used to communicate amongst the plurality of radio devices. Each radio device can have different hardware, as the iterative selection of frequency set can take into account the different hardware capabilities of the radio devices.
US07937095B2	Combining a marker with contextual information to deliver domain-specific content A system and method provides content to a mobile device in response to a marker received from the device and an associated context. A mobile device user initiates delivery of content or another action by entering the marker into the mobile device. The mobile device transmits the marker to a mobile network support system having a context server for supplying a context for the marker. The support system forms a message including the marker and context, and sends it to a content server. The content server uses the context to map the marker to a domain, retrieves from a content database the content identified by the marker and domain, and sends the content to the mobile network support system or performs another action with the content. The mobile network support system then transmits the content back to the mobile device.
US07937083B2	Method, apparatus and computer program providing for rapid network selection in a multimode device A mobile station includes at least one radio frequency transceiver, a data processor and a memory coupled to the data processor. The memory stores information that includes an overlay function and overlay parameters for use by the data processor to perform system selection by invoking the overlay function to determine if the overlay parameters specify that a home system is to be acquired and, if so, to initiate a scan using the transceiver to attempt to acquire the home system using home system-related overlay parameters, else attempting to acquire a non-home system.
US07937079B2	Wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication network and software upgrading method A base station control portion 200 selects one or plural signals from signals received by plural settable communication paths in accordance with the state of the wave. A wireless communication apparatus 110 communicates with a wireless terminal 300 and a wired communication network. When the wireless communication apparatus 110 receives a request for upgrading software from a network management device 250, the wireless communication apparatus 110 controls the state of the transmission wave of a wireless interface so as to switch a communication path in which communication services are being provided to another wireless communication apparatus 110 without blackouts, rewrites the set software to software having been received through a wired interface in advance, returns the state of the transmission wave of the wireless interface and upgrades software without blackouts of the supply of communication services to the wireless terminal 300.
US07937078B2	Wireless communication apparatus, wireless communication network and software upgrading method A base station control portion selects one or multiple signals in accordance with the state of radio waves from signals received through multiple communication paths. A wireless communication apparatus communicates with a wireless terminal and a wired communication network at multiple frequencies. In response to a request for software upgrading from a network management device, the wireless communication apparatus selects one frequency, controls the state of transmission waves of a wireless interface such that a communication path in which a communication service is being provided can be switched to another communication network without interruption, rewrites software for each wireless interface to software received through a wired interface in advance, and returns the state of transmission waves of the wireless interface. Thus, the software can be upgraded without blackouts of the communication service to the wireless terminal.
US07937077B2	Electronic apparatus and computer-readable recording medium An electronic apparatus, such as a mobile phone, that has a plurality of applications, displays an icon menu listing icons corresponding to the plurality of applications on its display section. The electronic apparatus stores an application operation setting table, which stores, for each of the plurality of applications, setting information regarding whether or not an RF block is to be driven in parallel with execution of the application. When displaying the icon menu, the electronic apparatus displays an icon corresponding to an application which is set not to drive the RF block in parallel with execution of it, by adding an icon indicating that the RF block is not to be driven, based on the setting information stored in the application operation setting table or setting information input from an input section.
US07937074B2	Information terminal, and event notifying method An information terminal of the present invention aims at informing the user of an occurrence of an event during the reproduction of contents without an unexpected feeling. An information terminal of the present invention, includes a contents reproducing unit 10 for reproducing contents, a contents reproducing unit 20 for informing an occurrence of an event by reproducing the contents, a superposing unit 70 for superposing respective outputs of the contents reproducing unit 10, 20, and a controlling unit 50 for causing an information of the occurrence of the event and a superposition of respective outputs of the contents reproducing unit 10, 20 to execute in a previously set reproducing procedure.
US07937062B2	Integrated RF front end with stacked transistor switch A monolithic integrated circuit (IC), and method of manufacturing same, that includes all RF front end or transceiver elements for a portable communication device, including a power amplifier (PA), a matching, coupling and filtering network, and an antenna switch to couple the conditioned PA signal to an antenna. An output signal sensor senses at least a voltage amplitude of the signal switched by the antenna switch, and signals a PA control circuit to limit PA output power in response to excessive values of sensed output. Stacks of multiple FETs in series to operate as a switching device may be used for implementation of the RF front end, and the method and apparatus of such stacks are claimed as subcombinations. An iClass PA architecture is described that dissipatively terminates unwanted harmonics of the PA output signal. A preferred embodiment of the RF transceiver IC includes two distinct PA circuits, two distinct receive signal amplifier circuits, and a four-way antenna switch to selectably couple a single antenna connection to any one of the four circuits.
US07937058B2	Controlling the bandwidth of an analog filter A digital tuning system (250) for changing a cutoff frequency of an analog filter (132) includes digital synthesizers (292 and 294) for producing a two-tone calibration signal (196) applied to an input of the filter after a quality factor of the filter is increased. The filter includes at least one R/C circuit with two resistors (304 and 306) for changing the quality factor and arrays (308 and 310) of capacitors for changing the cutoff frequency. The amplitude of the magnitude responses (409 and 411) of the filter to each tone (405 and 407) is measured by a two discrete Fourier transform single-frequency bin power detection circuits (253 and 254) while the filter is sequenced through a plurality of capacitance settings. An optimal capacitance for the R/C circuit is selected by comparing, to a pre-selected value, a difference between the responses of the filter to each tone, for each capacitance setting.
US07937050B2	Built-in testing signal wireless communication apparatus and testing method thereof A wireless communication apparatus has: a direct current generator, for generating a direct current signal and a transmitter. The transmitter includes: an oscillating signal generator for generating an oscillating signal; a mixer for mixing one of the direct current signal and the transmitting signal with the oscillating signal according to a mode signal and generating a mixed signal; and an amplifying module for amplifying the mixed signal to generate an output signal. When the mode signal is represented that the wireless communication apparatus is under test, the direct current signal is being mixed with the oscillating signal and the mixed signal is a sinusoidal wave. When the mode signal is represented that the wireless communication apparatus is under transmitting, the transmitting signal is being mixed with the oscillating signal and the mixed signal is a modulated signal.
US07937047B2	Method and apparatus for transmitting data in mobile telecommunication system A method and an apparatus for using an Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) scheme together with a method of controlling a transmitting power to increase a data transfer rate. The method of transmitting data in a transmitter including a plurality of antennas, includes receiving a Received Signal Strength (RSS) from a receiving portable terminal and determining whether data can be transmitted at the RSS; if the data cannot be transmitted at the RSS, integrating transmitting powers allocated to the plurality of antennas into one antenna to transmit the data when the data cannot be transmitted at the RSS; and transmitting the data using an AMC scheme when the data can be transmitted at the RSS.
US07937045B2	Softmultiband radio for ultra wide band An ultra wide band device may announce a first idle message on a first ultra wide band sub-band associated with a first beacon group, announce a second idle message on a second ultra wide band sub-band associated with a second beacon group, and switch between the first and the second ultra wide band sub-bands to maintain a first connection with the first beacon group and a second connection with the second beacon group.
US07937043B2	Contact management for mobile communication devices in wireless packet switched networks Methods and apparatus for efficient communications in a wireless communication network are provided. The wireless communication network has a predetermined network paging pattern which includes a plurality of page transmission periods during which repeated attempts for initiating a communication with a mobile communication device are made until the communication is established, if at all. The mobile device attempts to decode information over a wireless communication channel during each one of the page transmission periods. If the information is unsuccessfully decoded during all of the page transmission periods, the mobile device causes a message which informs the network of the mobile device to be transmitted to the wireless network. On the other hand, if the information is successfully decoded during at least some, but not all, of the page transmission periods, the mobile device refrains from transmitting the message to the wireless network.
US07937034B2	Blade engagement apparatus for image forming machines A blade engagement apparatus moving blades into working positions in engagement with an image forming device moving surface for cleaning and/or metering release agent onto the surface. The blade engagement apparatus includes a pair of spaced apart links having slots receiving pins extending from the blades and an actuator rotating the links for moving the blades along track slots into and out of the working positions. The links couple the blades together for mutually exclusive cooperative movement alternating between the working positions and respective suspended positions wherein the blades are removed from the moving surface.
US07937033B2	Separating plate, fixing device having the separating plate with an edge part that abuts with the fixing member, method for producing the separating plate and image forming apparatus A fixing device (55) including a fixing member (6), a pressure member (7) forcibly contacting with the fixing member, and a separating plate (1) for separating a transfer paper (9) ejected from a nipping part (8) formed by the fixing member and the pressure member contacting with the fixing member, from the fixing member, the separating plate including an edge part (2) disposed close to the fixing member, the separating plate being disposed relative to the fixing member so that a sum of a thickness of the edge part of the separating plate and a gap (10) formed between the edge part and the fixing member is lesser than a minimum lift height of the transfer paper ejected from the nipping part.
US07937031B2	Transfer belt device and image forming apparatus provided with the same An transfer belt device includes a roller support supporting transfer rollers, a cam driving shaft having a cam, the cam having capability of swinging the roller support to move the transfer rollers toward and apart from color photosensitive drums to thereby switch a transfer belt and the color photosensitive drums between a state where the transfer belt is in contact with the color photosensitive drums and a state where the transfer belt is out of contact with the color photosensitive drums, a tension roller kept in contact with a surface of the transfer belt to exert tension on the transfer belt, and a pivotal axis on which the tension roller is swingably supported, the pivotal axis being common with the cam driving shaft.
US07937027B2	Developing device and image forming apparatus A developing device includes a rotator that rotates around a shaft, and a bearing element that supports the shaft to a housing. A sliding element formed of a composite material that contains self-lubricating thermoplastic olefin resin as a base material is used as the bearing element. The sliding element formed of the composite material has at least a ratio of numerical values of “Rockwell hardness”/“bending elastic modulus” in a range from 25 to 45, and provides a sliding surface of which a frictional coefficient is lower than that of the sliding element formed of the base material.
US07937026B2	Liquid developing electrophotographic device roller and liquid developing electrophotographic device An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid developing electrographic device roller suppressed in volumetric variation caused by a carrier. As a means for solving the problems, the present invention provides a liquid developing electrophotographic device roller including a shaft and an elastic material layer provided around the outer peripheral side of the shaft, wherein the elastic material layer is formed by using a polyurethane obtained by reacting a polyester polyol with a difunctional isocyanate.
US07937025B2	Scorotron corona charger, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus A scorotron corona charger including a grid electrode is provided. A layer including a zeolite, a resistance controlling agent, and a binder is formed on the grid electrode. The binder resin has a solubility parameter of 10.0 cal1/2cm−3/2 or less.
US07937023B2	Method and a composition for producing an undercoat layer using dialkyl malonate blocked isocyanates (for electrophotographic applications) A method and a composition for the production of surface smoothing polyurethane layers for application to a substrate prior to subsequent application of a charge generation layer for electrophotographic applications by preparing a coating solution containing a dialkyl malonate capped isocyanate or polyisocyanate, a polyol and at least one finely-divided metal oxide, coating the substrate with the coating solution and heating the coating solution to a temperature up to about 140° C.
US07937017B2	Image forming apparatus The belt cleaning unit receives a biasing force, receives a rotating force of an output gear connected to an input gear, and further receives a reaction force from a cleaning roller rotationally driven to be opposed to a transfer belt while in contact with it during a cleaning operation, thus the belt cleaning unit is pressed against a front wall of a front side support member.
US07937012B2	Angle adjusting device and image forming apparatus An angle adjusting device configured to support an operations panel so that up and down rotation of the operations panel against an apparatus main body can be made in a designated angle range and configured to adjust a rotational angle of the operations panel in up and down directions against the apparatus main body, the angle adjusting device includes i) a fixing member fixed to the apparatus main body, ii) a rotation member where the operations panel is provided, the rotation member being provided to the fixing member so as to be rotated with respect to a designated rotation shaft in the designated angle range, iii) a lock mechanism configured to lock rotation of the rotation member against the fixing member with respect to the rotation shaft, at one or more parts in the designated angle range, by using a force other than a frictional force between the fixing member and the rotation member, and iv) a setting mechanism configured to set a lock-on state and lock-off state of the lock mechanism.
US07937010B2	Apparatus and method for image and print blanket enhancement Apparatus and methods for improving print quality and print blanket life in liquid electrostatic printing, for example, forming a first toner image on an image surface; first transferring the first image to an intermediate transfer member; then transferring of the first image from the intermediate transfer member to a final substrate; affixing the first image on the final substrate; rotating the first image to create a second image; and, repeating the method using the second image.
US07937005B2	Image forming apparatus for processing an image in accordance with a sheet size of an image transfer sheet A ROM (18) stores image forming driver information associated with a plurality of size groups into which a plurality of sets of sheet sizes close to each other are respectively sorted. When a sheet size of an image transfer sheet designated by an operator through an operating section (19) and a sheet size of an image transfer sheet detected by an image transfer sheet sensor (21) are different from one another, but both of the image transfer sheet sizes fall in the same size group, a CPU (15) allows an image forming section (16) to execute an image forming processing in accordance with image forming driver information corresponding to the image transfer sheet size designated by the operating section (19).
US07937003B2	Image forming apparatus and method of determining degradation of charging property of developer A photosensitive layer of a photosensitive drum is charged and a surface of the photosensitive layer is exposed at a specified density and then a development bias is applied to a development roller. An absolute value of a detection voltage is obtained from a development current sensor. It is determined whether the obtained absolute value of the detection voltage is less than a threshold which is set in advance, whereby a determination is made as to whether the charging property of toner is degraded.
US07936999B1	Automatic gain control in a coherent optical receiver In a coherent optical receiver, a method of at least partially compensating Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) of an optical signal received through an optical communications system. A respective multi-bit sample stream of each one of a pair of orthogonal received polarizations of the optical signal is tapped, and used to derive a respective metric value indicative of a quality of each multi-bit sample stream. A gain of an analog front end of the coherent optical receiver is adjusted based on the derived metric values.
US07936992B2	Apparatus of adjusting optical signal transmission timing In a light reception element such as an APD (Avalanche Photo Diode) used for receiving a high-speed and weak optical signal, it is possible to prevent the phenomenon of distortion of a signal inputted after a large-level light is received. A PON (Passive Optical Network) system includes an OLT (Optical Line Terminal) which can impartially and effectively transmit light reception data to each ONU (Optical Network Unit). According to a light reception amplitude received by each ONU, an inter-frame gap of an appropriate length is assigned for each ONU. The OLT includes a unit for measuring and accumulating the reception light amplitude and data on the inter-frame gap of an appropriate length decided in advance according to the characteristic of the light reception device and generates a grant value for assuring an inter-frame gap of an appropriate length by using the both information.
US07936984B2	Stabilizer device for optical equipment A stabilizer for a hand-held optical device includes a gyroscope assembly suspended below a base assembly, and a handle pivotably attached to the base assembly. The optical device, which may be a video camera, mounts to the base assembly. The gyroscope assembly has two or more rotatable members that pivot independently to stabilize the optical device about two or more axes of rotation whenever the user moves the stabilizer. A rigid strut connects the gyroscope to the base assembly such that the centers of rotation of the rotatable members are co-linear with a longitudinal axis that extends the handle.
US07936982B2	Heated spray painting system A system and device for spray painting using a flow of pressurised carrier fluid comprises a central source of the carrier fluid and one or more local elements for heating the fluid close to the point of use.
US07936977B2	Information storage medium and information recording/playback system There are provided an information storage medium capable of real-time recording/playback of digital moving picture information, and a digital information recording/playback system using this medium. In a medium that records/plays back data including video data and control information, the control information (DA21 in FIG. 4; RTR_VMG in FIG. 30) includes information (VOBU entry in FIG. 31) for accessing a specific portion (VOBU) of the video data.
US07936971B2	Information storage medium and information recording/playback system There are provided an information storage medium capable of real-time recording/playback of digital moving picture information, and a digital information recording/playback system using this medium. In a medium that records/plays back data including video data and control information, the control information (DA21 in FIG. 4; RTR_VMG in FIG. 30) includes information (VOBU entry in FIG. 31) for accessing a specific portion (VOBU) of the video data.
US07936965B2	Information storage medium and information recording/playback system There are provided an information storage medium capable of real-time recording/playback of digital moving picture information, and a digital information recording/playback system using this medium. In a medium that records/plays back data including video data and control information, the control information (DA21 in FIG. 4; RTR_VMG in FIG. 30) includes information (VOBU entry in FIG. 31) for accessing a specific portion (VOBU) of the video data.
US07936953B2	Optical printed circuit board and manufacturing method The invention provides a method of manufacturing an optical printed circuit board and an optical printed circuit board. The method comprises providing a support layer; on the support layer, providing an optical core layer; forming optical channels from the optical core layer and surrounding the optical channels with cladding thereby forming optical waveguides; and during said step of forming the optical channels, forming one or more alignment features, e.g. projections, on the optical printed circuit board.
US07936952B2	Superconducting power cable capable of quench detection and quench detection system using the same Disclosed is a superconducting power cable capable of quench detection, and a quench detection system using the superconducting power cable. The superconducting power cable capable of quench detection includes a former; a superconducting conductor layer composed of a superconducting wire and surrounding the former; a conductor layer quench detection coil interposed between the former and the superconducting conductor layer and surrounding the former; an insulating layer surrounding the superconducting conductor layer; and a shielding layer surrounding the insulating layer. This superconducting power cable may detect quench generated during its operation in real time.
US07936945B2	System, method, device, and computer program product for providing image correction A system, method, device, and computer program product are provided for correcting motion skew in a frame of video or in other images captured using a rolling shutter image sensor. A method for removing motion skew may create a mathematical model of the motion skew, compute the motion skew using the mathematical model of the motion skew, remove the distorted image of the object from view in the image using the computed motion skew, and render a corrected image of the object in the image using the computed motion skew.
US07936944B2	Image processing device and image processing method The image processing device performs processing on a shadow in an image of an object, and includes: an image information obtaining unit obtaining information about an image of the object, the information including luminance information about luminance of light from the object and polarization information about polarization of the light from the object; a shadow area extracting unit extracting an attached shadow area and a cast shadow area from the image of the object based on the luminance information and the polarization information, the attached shadow area appearing on the surface of the object depending on an angle of incidence light, and the cast shadow area appearing on the surface of a material body other than the object when the light is blocked by the object; and an output unit outputting information identifying the attached shadow area and cast shadow area.
US07936942B2	Image processing apparatus, image processing method, recording medium, and program An image processing apparatus includes a ridge strength detecting unit for detecting a ridge strength that is the strength of a ridge included in an image. When a pixel value is changed in the form of a pulse in accordance with a positional change in a region that includes a plurality of pixels, the ridge strength is represented by a gradient and height of the pulse.
US07936940B2	Image processing method and device In a method of processing digitized image data, first image data stored in a first area of a memory is subjected to a filtering process to produce second image data which has a peripheral portion of the first image data removed. The second image data and peripheral image data corresponding to the peripheral portion of the first image data which is removed through the filtering process are then combined into composite image data having substantially the same angle of view as the first image data.
US07936937B2	Image processing apparatus and method for attribute data encoding M×N attribute data for M×N pixels, where M and N are integer multiple of “L” are input. Data expressed by L bits are encoded, A first encoding control step supplies the M×N attribute data to be encoded in an input order, causing encoding to be executed. A second encoding control step converts the M×N attribute data input into bit planes of bit 0 to bit L−1, extracts L-bit data from one converted bit plane, and supplies the extracted L-bit data for each bit plane, causing encoding to be executed. An amount of encoded data generated by the encoding under the control of the first encoding control step is compared with an amount of encoded data generated in the encoding under the control of the second encoding control step, and encoded data with a smaller amount are selected. The selected encoded data and identification information representing the selected data are then output.
US07936936B2	Method of visualizing a large still picture on a small-size display A method of visualizing a large still picture on a display having a size smaller than the large still picture includes the steps of dividing the large still picture into a set of pieces, where the pieces have a size substantially equal to the display size; ranking the pieces of the large still picture according to a predetermined scanning order; and encoding the set of pieces using a predictive block-based compression technique according to the predetermined scanning order so as to obtain a video sequence.
US07936935B2	Recording medium having recorded thereon coded information using plus and/or minus rounding of images Image decoder including: a memory to store a reference image which is a previously decoded image; and a synthesizer to receive an encoded bitstream including information of I and P frames, and execute motion compensation by synthesizing a predicted image of a current frame using motion vector information included in the encoded bitstream and the reference image. The motion compensation includes calculating intensity values at points where no pixels actually exist by bilinear interpolation performable using a positive and negative rounding method, and is performed using the rounding method specified by rounding method information included in the encoded bitstream of the current frame when the current frame is a P frame. Such specifies one of two values specifying a positive or a negative rounding method. The rounding method information is not received from the encoded bitstream of the current frame when the current frame is an I frame.
US07936934B2	Recording medium having recorded thereon coded information using plus and/or minus rounding of images Image decoder including: a memory to store a reference image which is a previously decoded image; and a synthesizer to receive an encoded bitstream including information of I and P frames, and execute motion compensation by synthesizing a predicted image of a current frame using motion vector information included in the encoded bitstream and the reference image. The motion compensation includes calculating intensity values at points where no pixels actually exist by bilinear interpolation performable using a positive and negative rounding method, and is performed using the rounding method specified by rounding method information included in the encoded bitstream of the current frame when the current frame is a P frame; wherein the rounding method information specifies one of a plurality of values; and wherein the rounding method information is not received from the encoded bitstream of the current frame when the current frame is an I frame.
US07936931B2	Image encoding apparatus and image decoding apparatus A conversion control unit divides a transform coefficient into code blocks. A storing device has a storage capacity corresponding to data size of the code blocks. To the conversion control unit, rotation/inversion control information including information of the rotation angle and the inverting direction is input. The conversion control unit generates a control signal on the basis of the rotation/inversion control information and sub-band information of the transform coefficient. An address generating unit generates a write address on the basis of a control signal. By accessing the storing device in predetermined order on the basis of the write address at the time of writing the code block to the storing device, an image rotating/inverting process is performed.
US07936929B2	Image processing method and apparatus for removing noise from a document image Disclosed is an image processing apparatus in which vector data from which noise has been removed and amount of data reduced can be generated in ideal fashion with regard to an illustration area selected from a document image. The document image is input to the apparatus and is segmented into a plurality of areas. A clip-art image is selected from these areas and a plurality of clusters are generated with regard to this image area. When a small area included in the plurality of clusters is determined as a noise, the noise is eliminated by combining the small area with a adjacent cluster. After noise is removed, the cluster group eventually obtained is converted to vector data.
US07936925B2	Paper interface to an electronic record system After markings have been placed on a pre-printed form by a user who interacted with an entity, the form is scanned to produce a scan file. The scan file is analyzed to identify whether user added markings are present on machine readable selection items. The method can take a number of automated actions, depending upon which pre-printed machine readable selection items were checked by the user. For example, in response to checkbox selections, the method can obtain (read) some form of electronically storable data relating to the entity based on which of the machine readable selection items the user checked. Alternatively, in response to other checkbox selections, the method can ignore the user added markings on the machine readable selection items. In addition, in response to the checkmarks, the system can maintain only an image of the user added handwritten text. Alternatively, the system can be instructed to not only maintain an image of the user added handwritten text, but to automatically forward the image of the user added handwritten text to a transcription center.
US07936922B2	Method and apparatus for segmenting images Method and apparatus for extending regions in two-dimensional (2-D) image space or volumes in three-dimensional (3-D) image space that are generated by a test area-based region growing mechanism. Embodiments of a dilation mechanism may perform post-processing of a region or volume generated by the test area-based region growing mechanism to correct for an edge inset resulting from a radius used to define the test area. The dilation mechanism may perform a morphological dilate to expand the region or volume to the proper edge of the desired object in the image data within the tolerance range of the threshold, and thus corrects for the inset error introduced by the test area radius used by the region growing mechanism. The dilation mechanism may be limited to extending the region or volume to the radius distance from the edge of the original region or volume generated by the region growing mechanism.
US07936921B2	Efficient fixed-point real-time thresholding for signal processing A method for efficiently calculating signal thresholds for use in signal processing is described. The method computes and stores a cumulative histogram and a weighted cumulative histogram. The method then provides a first estimate for a threshold based on a single ratio. The method next performs an iterative computation to get to the ultimate threshold result. Method iterations only require multiplication and addition operations on the stored values making the method well suited for implementation in fixed-point digital signal processors.
US07936917B2	Systems and methods for image data encoding and decoding Image processing systems and methods are presented for encoding 8-bit color image data to 4-bit data using an encoding table by assigning a pixel type value to each 8-bit pixel according to a 9×3 tiling pattern with 9 unique pixel type values in each 3×3 window of the 9×3 tiling pattern, and for decoding the 4-bit image data based on the pixel type value and the encoded data values for neighboring pixels.
US07936915B2	Focal length estimation for panoramic stitching A focal length estimation technique is presented that estimates the focal length used to capture each of a pair of overlapping images taken by a camera rotating about its center. When it is known that the focal length is the same for both images, it is estimated using just two pairs of corresponding points between the images. When it is either unknown whether the focal lengths are the same or it is known that they vary, the focal length of each image is estimated using just three pairs of corresponding points between the images.
US07936914B2	Authenticity determination method, apparatus, and program To determine authenticity of a solid body simply and precisely, a reference area of a paper sheet which is genuine is optically read from two different directions, and the image is registered as a reference image. A check area of a paper sheet subjected to the authenticity determination, including the reference area and having a size larger than the reference area, is read from two different directions with a scanner, and data on a partial area having the same size as the reference area are extracted from each set of check data collected by the reading. For a set consisting of the reference image and the check image optically read from the same direction, the value of the correlation with the reference image is repetitively calculated by the normalized correlation method while the partial area is shifted within the check area. The maximum correlation value and the normalized score of the maximum correlation value are compared with respective thresholds to determine the authenticity of the paper sheet. If the paper sheet is determined to be “genuine” for the authenticity determination of each set, the paper sheet subjected to the authenticity determination is finally determined to be “genuine.”
US07936908B2	Graphical user interface for displaying a radiology image for a patient and an associated laboratory report summary A user interface embodied on at least one computer readable medium for displaying a healthcare image for a patient and a clinical report for a patient simultaneously is provided. The interface comprises a first display area configured to display a healthcare image for a patient and a second display area configured to display a clinical report associated with the healthcare image simultaneously with the healthcare image for the patient, where the clinical report is created based on results other than the healthcare image.
US07936906B2	Face recognition using discriminatively trained orthogonal tensor projections Systems and methods are described for face recognition using discriminatively trained orthogonal rank one tensor projections. In an exemplary system, images are treated as tensors, rather than as conventional vectors of pixels. During runtime, the system designs visual features—embodied as tensor projections—that minimize intraclass differences between instances of the same face while maximizing interclass differences between the face and faces of different people. Tensor projections are pursued sequentially over a training set of images and take the form of a rank one tensor, i.e., the outer product of a set of vectors. An exemplary technique ensures that the tensor projections are orthogonal to one another, thereby increasing ability to generalize and discriminate image features over conventional techniques. Orthogonality among tensor projections is maintained by iteratively solving an ortho-constrained eigenvalue problem in one dimension of a tensor while solving unconstrained eigenvalue problems in additional dimensions of the tensor.
US07936905B2	Method, system and program for authenticating a user by biometric information A personal authentication method is provided for authenticating a user by cross-relation between an enrolled image and a verification image of biometric information of the user. Upon registration of the biometric information, the method generates a filter for scrambling the image and an inverse filter thereof, and applies the filter to the enrolled image generated from the biometric information to generate a registration template which is then stored to a memory. Upon authentication of the user, the method applies the inverse filter to the verification image generated from the biometric information collected from the user, and then verifies the identity of the user based on cross-relation between the verification image after application of the inverse filter and the registration template.
US07936903B2	Method and a system for detecting a road at night A method of detecting a road feature in an image signal derived from an infrared-sensitive camera. The method, in overview, comprises processing an image frame by assigning binary values to pixels in the frame in response to their representative temperature, and then to analyze spatially the binary mask to identify regions of pixels having mutually similar assigned binary values. The road feature is subsequently found from the analysis of the identified regions of mutually similar binary values and a visual indication of the road feature in relation to the image frame provided to the user.
US07936898B2	Watermarking of motion picture prints An apparatus for marking a film copy includes a mapper and a coder. The mapper maps a print identifier to be associated with the film copy into a serial number comprising a sequence of J numbers. The coder creates at least two-error correcting numbers, e.g. Y and Z, as a function of one, or more, of the J numbers. The film copy is then marked in accordance with L numbers, which comprise at least the two-error correcting numbers Y and Z.
US07936895B2	Earphone storage structure The present invention provides an earphone storage structure comprising a necklace, two fasteners formed in the two ends of the necklace respectively and a stopper formed in the necklace. The size of the fasteners is less than the size of the stopper and the size of the earphones. Therefore, the earphone may couple with the necklace with the fasteners fastening the earphones. Moreover, the stopper and the fasteners may together determine the extendable distance of the earphones.
US07936894B2	Multielement microphone An improved microphone assembly (128) is provided for porting two microphones (240, 242) of an opposing pair used for beam forming through a single symmetric porting structure (244). The microphone assembly (128) includes a first microphone capsule (240), a second microphone capsule (242) and a porting structure (244). The porting structure (244) encloses the first and second microphone capsules (240, 242) therein and has a first port (251) formed in a first wall (246) thereof and a second port (252) formed in a second wall (248) thereof opposite to the first wall (246), where the first and second microphone capsules (240, 242) share the first port (251).
US07936886B2	Speaker system to control directivity of a speaker unit using a plurality of microphones and a method thereof A speaker system to control directivity of a speaker unit using a plurality of microphones, and a method thereof. The method includes sensing through a plurality of channels a shock sound with an impulse pattern generated at a listening position and measuring delay values between signals of the channels, reading a predetermined listening position compensation filter coefficient in accordance with the measured delay values, and controlling directivity of the speaker unit by granting the read compensation filter coefficient on input audio signals.
US07936876B2	System and method for transporting video data through a dual-link HD-SDI connection In accordance with the teachings the present invention, a system and method for transporting video data through a dual-link HD-SDI connection is provided. In a particular embodiment of the present invention, the method includes coupling a digital video projector and a playback server with a dual-link HD-SDI connection, the dual-link HD-SDI connection having four 10-bit subchannels; dividing 12-bit, 4:4:4, RGB video data into four 9-bit sections; mapping each 9-bit section of video data into nine least significant bits of a respective one of the four 10-bit subchannels; setting a most significant bit of each 10-bit subchannel to be a compliment of a next most significant bit of the 10-bit subchannel; and transporting the sections of video data from the playback server to the digital video projector through the dual-link HD-SDI connection.
US07936874B2	Information transfer system, encryption device, and decryption device A content delivery system, enabling a ciphertext to be reduced in size when using the ElGamal cipher, includes a content delivery device performing elliptic curve encryption on a content key, generating an encrypted content key that includes an x coordinate of an elliptic curve point obtained by the elliptic curve encryption, and outputting the encrypted content key. Further, the content delivery system includes content reception device receiving the encrypted content key, calculating a y coordinate of the elliptic curve point using the x coordinate included in the encrypted content key, and performing elliptic curve decryption using the elliptic curve point and other information included in the encrypted content key, to generate a decrypted content key.
US07936866B2	Methods, systems, and computer program products for processing mobile originated query messages for prepaid mobile subscribers in a number portability environment Methods, systems, and computer program products for routing query messages associated with prepaid subscribers in a number portability environment are disclosed. One method may include sending a registration message to an HLR. At the HLR, the ID or address of an STP is inserted as the prepaid SCP ID in a registration response message. The registration response message is sent to the MSC/VLR that originated the registration message. This action forces the VLR to send prepaid query messages to the STP, rather than to the prepaid SCP. When the STP receives a query message relating to call originating from the prepaid subscriber, the STP performs a number portability database lookup and determines the routing number corresponding to the called subscriber and the prepaid SCP corresponding to the calling subscriber. The STP then routes the query message to the appropriate prepaid SCP. The prepaid SCP determines whether the call is an in-network call using the routing number obtained in the number portability database lookup and the calling party number.
US07936861B2	Announcement system and method of use The disclosure is directed to a system including a factor engine, an audio clip sequencing engine and an announcement engine. The factor engine is configured to identify an ordered set of menu options based on a plurality of weighted factors. The audio clip sequencing engine is responsive to the factor engine and is configured to generate an ordered sequence of audio clips based on the ordered set of menu options. The announcement engine is responsive to the audio clip sequencing engine and is configured to play the ordered sequence of audio clips.
US07936851B2	Channel equalization A method for use in an equalization of a channel by means of an equalizer 22, 23 is shown, wherein the channel uses a certain frequency band for a transfer of signals. In order to enable a channel equalization which requires a low complexity and which provides at the same time a good performance, the method determines a channel response for at least one frequency point within the frequency band used by the channel. The method further sets at least one adjustable coefficient (φ0k, bck, brk, a0k, a1k, a2k of the equalizer such that an equalizer response compensates optimally the determined channel response at the at least one selected frequency point. Also shown is a corresponding signal processing device 2, a corresponding signal processing system and a corresponding software program product.
US07936840B2	Demodulator for a multi-pair gigabit transceiver A feedforward equalizer for equalizing a sequence of signal samples received by a receiver from a remote transmitter. The feedforward equalizer has a gain and is included in the receiver which includes a timing recovery module for setting a sampling phase and a decoder. The feedforward equalizer comprises a non-adaptive filter and a gain stage. The non-adaptive filter receives the signal samples and produces a filtered signal. The gain stage adjusts the gain of the feedforward equalizer by adjusting the amplitude of the filtered signal. The amplitude of the filtered signal is adjusted so that it fits in the operational range of the decoder. The feedforward equalizer does not affect the sampling phase setting of the timing recovery module of the receiver.
US07936839B2	MIMO/transmit diversity channel estimation A receive station of the present invention despreads a received signal over multiple successive symbol periods of an extended measurement period to determine individual channel estimates over each symbol period of an extended period for multiple pilot signals. In one example, the extended measurement period comprises two extended periods, each of which comprise two symbol periods. As a result, the present invention provides channel estimates sufficient for both slow and fast fading conditions. The receive station determines a combined channel estimate for the pilot signals over each symbol period of an extended period by despreading the received signal over each symbol period of an extended measurement period using a common spreading sequence. Based on the combined channel estimates, the receive station determines individual channel estimates for each pilot signal over each symbol period of the extended period.
US07936832B2	Receiver apparatus of the adaptive ICI cancellation iterative receiver in wireless communication system and ICI cancellation method An ICI cancellation iterative receiver and an ICI cancellation method in the wireless communication system is provided. In order to eliminate the Inter-carrier-interference (ICI) due to phase noise, an adaptive ICI cancellation scheme based on the wireless communication system is presented. In order to correct the contaminated preamble symbols due to phase noise, a first LMS adaptive filter in the receiver cancels the ICI. In the following data symbols of a frame, joint of the turbo decoder and channel estimation is provided. The complexity of the joint algorithm is analyzed and the algorithm can be implemented in the wireless communication system. The simulation results show that the performance can be improved dramatically.
US07936828B2	Digital television transmitter/receiver and method of processing data in digital television transmitter/receiver A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of coding data in the DTV transmitter method are disclosed. A pre-processor pre-processes the enhanced data by coding the enhanced data for forward error correction (FEC) and expanding the FEC-coded enhanced data. A data formatter generates one or more groups of enhanced data packets, each enhanced data packet including the pre-processed enhanced data. And, a packet multiplexer generates at least one burst of enhanced data by multiplexing the one or more groups of enhanced data packets. Herein, each burst of enhanced data includes at least one group of enhanced data packets. The DTV transmitter may further include a scheduler which generates first and second control signals to control operations of the data formatter and the packet multiplexer, respectively.
US07936827B2	Information processing apparatus having receiving device that receives video data An information processing apparatus includes a receiving device and a control unit. The receiving device includes a plurality of processing unit containing an interface unit. The control unit includes an input source detection module, a transfer instruction detection module and a power-saving control module. The input source detection module detects an input source necessary for execution of a video reproduction program. The transfer instruction detection module detects a video data transfer instruction from the video reproduction program. When the video data transfer instruction is detected, the power-saving control module enables some of the processing units except the interface unit and sets the others of the processing units in power-saving mode. The enabled processing units receive a video signal from the input source detected by the input source detection module and convert the video signal into video data of given format.
US07936820B2	Moving-picture compression encoding method, apparatus and program Disclosed are a moving-picture compression encoding apparatus comprising a motion-compensated predicting unit that includes a first cost calculator for generating cost values based upon difference information indicative of differences between prediction signals generated by a prediction signal generator and a moving-picture signal input to the moving-picture compression encoding apparatus; a preliminary selector for preliminarily selecting a plurality of blocks based upon the cost values and outputting the blocks to a second cost calculator; the second cost calculator for generating new cost values by applying a frequency conversion to the difference information regarding the block sizes that have been output from the preliminary selector; and a block size selector for selecting an optimum block size based upon the cost values resulting from the frequency conversion.
US07936819B2	Video encoder with latency control In a method of transmitting a frame of video, a number of bits corresponding to a frame of video is determined. A length of time needed to transmit the number of bits is determined and is compared with a length of time corresponding to a frame period. A frame period may correspond to an inverse of an average frame update rate. If the length of time exceeds the length of time corresponding to the frame period, one or more P-frames including a plurality of empty macro-blocks may be transmitted and the frame of video may then be transmitted over period of time exceeding one frame period. In some cases, the transmission of the frame of video may equal two or more frame periods. The transmitting may include transmitting an instruction for setting a latency in a client device to less than 50 ms.
US07936802B2	Co-extruded multilayer polymers films for all-polymer lasers A polymer film laser is provided that comprises a plurality of extruded polymer layers. The plurality of extruded polymer layers comprises a plurality of alternating dielectric layers of a first polymer material having a first refractive index and a second polymer material having second refractive index different than the first refractive index.
US07936799B2	Interleaving laser beams A laser system includes at least two sources configured to provide at least two spatially separated laser beams, and a mount configured to mount the at least two sources along an arc, the arc defining an angular coordinate and a radial coordinate, wherein an axial coordinate is orthogonal to the angular coordinate and the radial coordinate, and the spatially separated laser beams are separated in the axial coordinate. The mount is further configured to mount the at least two sources providing thereby an offset of the laser beams in the axial coordinate such that the laser beams interleave in the axial direction at a center region of the arc.
US07936788B2	Method and device for signal transporting A method for signal transporting in an optical transport network comprises: presetting frame structures for an optical channel payload unit OPUx and an optical channel data unit ODUx of a 5G-path transporting constant-bit-rate CBR5G rate-level signals in an optical channel layer; and according to the frame structures of the optical channel payload unit OPUx and the optical channel data unit ODUx, mapping and multiplexing the constant-bit-rate CBR5G rate-level signals to the optical channel layer of the optical transport network for transport through the optical transport network. The present invention also discloses a corresponding device for signal transporting. Since there are provided OPUx/ODUx/OTUx for transporting CBR5G rate-level signals in the OTN, thus enabling transparent transport of the CBRG5 signals in the OTN as well as direct scheduling, supervision and management on the CBR5G signals in the OTN.
US07936783B1	Load balancing with unequal routing metrics in a meshed overlay network In general, the invention is directed to techniques of load balancing network traffic among paths on a point-to-multipoint overlay network. In load balancing the network traffic, the techniques take into consideration costs associated with paths through the overlay network and costs associated with paths beyond the egress points of the overlay network, even when such costs may be unequal.
US07936782B2	Method and system for bidirectional bandwidth reservation in wireless communication systems A method and system for bandwidth allocation for communicating information over one or more wireless channels by wireless stations, is provided. The channel time is divided into one or more superframes. Available channel bandwidth is allocated by reserving one or more channel time blocks (CTBs) in a superframe for communication, resulting in one or more residue CTBs among the reserved CTBs in the superframe, and allocating at least a portion of one or more residue CTBs in the superframe for bidirectional communication between two stations.
US07936781B2	Bandwidth control apparatus, bandwidth control method, and bandwidth control system The present invention provides a bandwidth control apparatus, a bandwidth control method, and a bandwidth control system for effective utilization of bandwidths resource in data transmission. The bandwidth control apparatus measures downstream effective bit rate of own access lines and notifies downstream effective bit rate information of each access line to a remote bandwidth control apparatus which communicates with the bandwidth control apparatus via a network. The bandwidth control apparatus allocates and controls upstream bandwidths of own access lines on the basis of corresponding downstream effective bit rate information of access lines notified from remote bandwidth control apparatus via the networks.
US07936773B2	Communication channel establishment method and system The present invention provides a communication channel establishment method that establishes a communication channel used particularly when a cipher communication is carried out. Where a packet indicative of an ISAKMP message transmitted from a second communication device to a first communication device is awaited when a communication channel between the first and second communication devices is established via an IP network, the time taken to wait for the packet is counted by a corresponding packet waiting timer at random intervals. When a packet other than the sequence of each packet expected to be transmitted from the second communication device is received, the packet is accepted to establish the communication channel.
US07936762B2	QOS provisioning in a network having dynamic link states A network node for a network having dynamic link states includes a processing unit and computer-readable memory for causing the processing unit to monitor a link state of the network; perform QoS provisioning and make appropriate updates to the QoS provisioning based on changes in the link state and QoS provisioning demands of QoS-aware applications; and provide notification to the QoS-aware applications to allow those applications to dynamically adapt to the link state changes.
US07936746B2	Multimedia communication session coordination across heterogeneous transport networks The present invention, in one embodiment, is directed to the use of a communication pathway traversing a digital telephone network to handle a portion of the signaling traffic associated with a communication method performed over the Internet.
US07936740B2	Radio transmission apparatus and method, radio reception apparatus and method, transmitting and receiving method, and recording medium Provided are a radio transmission apparatus and method, a radio receiving apparatus and method, a transmitting and receiving method, and a recording medium for use in a mobile communication system according to an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Code Division Multiplexing (OFDM-CDM)-based transmission diversity method. The radio transmitter codes transmission data into a plurality of time-space codes, generates spread signals by respectively mapping a plurality of spread codes and the time-space codes, and transmits the spread signals via a plurality of transmission antennae, each of the spread codes containing a combination of codes whose signs are alternately equal and opposite in units of specific spreading lengths. Accordingly, it is possible to transmit data without a feedback of control information from a radio receiver.
US07936738B2	Fault tolerant systems According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of storing context information in an outgoing message sent from a node using a protocol stack having at least one layer, comprising: selectively indicating to a layer of the protocol stack that context information should be obtained for that layer; obtaining context information in accordance with the indication; and adding the obtained context information to the outgoing message such that a response to the message contains the context information.
US07936733B2	Radio communication apparatus On the transmission side, the RLC PDUs divided from the RLC SDU are transmitted after retransmission identification information is attached thereto. On the reception side, the retransmission identification information attached to each received RLC PDU is referred to, and only the RLC PDUs having an identical retransmission identification information to a set assumed value are stored in a buffer memory, and the RLC PDUs having the identical retransmission identification information are assembled into an RLC SDU.
US07936730B2	CDMA to packet-switching interface for code division switching in a terrestrial wireless system An access radio port is provided that includes means for spreading a payload data signal, extracted from an ATM packet, with a uniquely assigned orthogonal code, means for transmitting the spread payload data signal to one of a group of mobile subscriber terminals located within a microport cell of a wireless terrestrial network, and means for releasing the uniquely assigned orthogonal code. In another aspect, a mobile subscriber terminal, configured to be located within a microport cell of a terrestrial wireless network that interfaces with an access radio port, is provided. The mobile subscriber terminal includes means for receiving an assignment of a unique orthogonal code, means for spreading a payload data signal by the unique orthogonal code, means for modulating and forwarding the spread payload data signal to the access radio port, and means for releasing the assignment of the unique orthogonal code.
US07936726B2	Method for fast radio link measurements of access point candidates for WLAN handover, a mobile terminal, an access point and program modules thereof The invention concerns a method for fast determination of the quality of the radio link from a mobile terminal (STA) to an access point (AP1) in a Wireless Local Area Network whereby after having received a probe request message (PRU1) from the mobile terminal (STA), the access point (AP1) does not send a probe response message (PRE1) to said mobile terminal (STA), a mobile terminal (STA), an access point (AP1) and program modules therefore.
US07936718B2	System and method for frame selection in IP-based CDMA network A wireless telephone without IP capability nonetheless communicates with an infrastructure that uses IP. Virtual IP endpoints, such as Base Stations (BTS), not only communicate with the infrastructure using IP and with the telephone using over-the-air protocol, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), but one of the endpoints also selects the best frame over a call received by multiple endpoints, alleviating the need for a Base Station Controller (BSC) in the infrastructure. A handoff assist entity causes frame selection to be transferred to a second BTS in accordance with a handoff algorithm.
US07936716B2	Resource allocating apparatus and method for simplex communication in wideband wireless communication system A resource allocating apparatus and a method for a Push-To-Talk (PTT) service in a wideband wireless communication system are provided. The method includes, when a Floor Grant message is received from a PTT server, allocating an uplink resource to a corresponding terminal and when a Floor Release message is received from the terminal, aborting the uplink resource allocation. The uplink resource is allocated only to the terminal having the data to be transmitted, and the resources are not allotted to terminals having no data to send.
US07936715B2	Method and a device for reconfiguration in a wireless system A method and a device for reconfiguration in a wireless system utilizing flexible layer one (FLO). In proposed solution one TFC (Transport Format Combination) is selected and reserved (504) exclusively for signalling use. The TFC may contain only one active transport channel and always utilize the same CRC and transport block size in order to unambiguously define the proper settings for signalling. Considering uplink transmission in a wireless system and special case of TFCI (Transport Format Combination Identifier) size change due to the TFCS (Transport Format Combination Set) reconfiguration that also generates a need to switch to a new dedicated basic physical subchannel (DBPSCH); whenever the network notices that the mobile station does not switch to the new DBPSCH (518), it concludes that the TFCS reconfiguration message sent was lost and stays with the existing configuration (520). Otherwise the new configuration is taken into use (514).
US07936712B2	Signal processing apparatus, signal processing method, and program In a signal processing apparatus adapted to process a signal transmitted via a transmission path, an acquisition unit acquires a signal value of a specific symbol from a signal transmitted via the transmission path, and a prediction unit predicts a signal value of the specific symbol for each of values allowed to be taken by the specific symbol, on the basis of values taken by a plurality of symbols transmitted before the transmission of the specific symbol and on the basis of characteristics of influences of the signal values of the plurality of symbols transmitted before the transmission of the specific symbol on the signal value of the specific symbol. A determination unit determines the value taken by the specific symbol, on the basis of the signal value of the specific symbol acquired by the acquisition unit and the predicted values for respective values allowed to be taken by the specific symbol.
US07936698B1	System and method for reducing reverse noise rise in wireless communications A method and system for increasing throughput of a wireless communications network and for reducing a reverse noise rise experienced by the wireless network are described. An access network and/or one or more access terminals monitor an activity level of reverse-link communications occurring between the access network and the access terminal(s). The access network and/or the access terminal(s) make a determination of whether an activity level of the reverse-link communications exceeds a threshold. If the threshold is exceeded, the access network and the access terminal(s) each operate in states such that the access network does not measure a noise floor and the access terminal(s) transmit communications to the access network. If the threshold is not exceeded, the access network and the access terminal(s) each operate in states such that the access network measures the noise floor and the access terminal(s) do not transmit communications to the access network.
US07936696B2	Efficient transmission of data to multiple network nodes An improved method, system, and computer program product for efficient transmission of data to multiple network nodes is disclosed. A method for transmitting a data block over a network from a first sending node to a first set of recipient nodes, comprises, in the first sending node, a) dividing the first set of recipient nodes into a subset of selected nodes, selected according to scoring criteria associated with each recipient node, and a subset of unselected nodes, b) assigning at least one of the unselected nodes to at least one selected node according to scoring criteria associated with the respective selected nodes, c) transmitting to each selected node a packet including the data block and a list of the nodes assigned to the selected node.
US07936695B2	Tunneling reports for real-time internet protocol media streams A router, switch, or other network node generates reports that contain packet level statistics and other information for a monitored media stream. The media stream reports reduce the amount of bandwidth typically required for sending monitored media stream information back to a central analysis device. However the computation of other media stream analytics, such as long term statistical averaging or quality metric computation, is performed by the central analysis device to remove some of the processing burden from the individual network nodes.
US07936689B2	System and method for the measurement of service quality in a communication network A system and method for the measurement of communication network performance over a secondary communication channel sends an inquiry signal containing information pertaining to network performance from a near end communication device to a far end communication device. From the inquiry signal the far end communication device can determine the number of packets of information lost through the network. Once received the inquiry signal, a reply signal with additional information is sent to the near end communication device. The near end communication device receives the reply signal and can determine therefrom various network performance parameters.
US07936684B2	Physical layer loopback In some embodiments, a chip comprises control circuitry to provide inband signals, inband output ports, and transmitters to transmit the inband signals to the inband output ports. The control circuitry selectively includes loopback initiating commands in the inband signals. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07936681B2	Cross-layer design techniques for interference-aware routing configuration in wireless mesh networks Methods, apparatuses and systems directed to facilitating increased throughput in wireless mesh networks. Generally, according to one implementation of the present invention, routing nodes in a wireless mesh network combine metrics corresponding to the link and network layers to select a route to a root node in the wireless mesh network. In one implementation, for each neighbor, a given routing node computes a routing metric, which is based on the computed route cost and hop count, and selects a preferred neighbor as the parent routing node based on the best routing metric.
US07936671B1	Cable far end port identification using repeating link state patterns Methods having corresponding apparatus and computer programs comprise: receiving a command to identify a connected port at a far end of a cable providing a communication link; and changing a state of the communication link at a near end of the cable according to a repeating pattern in response to the command.
US07936670B2	System, method and program to control access to virtual LAN via a switch System method and program for controlling access to a VLAN via a port of a VLAN switch system. In response to receipt of a message packet at the port, the switch system determines if a MAC address of the packet matches a MAC address for which the port has been programmed to recognize as a MAC address of a device authorized to communicate with the port. The MAC address of the packet does not match a MAC address for which the port has been programmed to recognize as a MAC address of a device authorized to communicate with the port. In response, the switch system blocks the packet if a rate of ill-formed packets and/or packets from an unrecognized MAC address exceeds a threshold pass rate. The threshold pass rate can be adjusted based on the rate of change of receipt of ill-formed packets and/or packets from an unrecognized MAC address.
US07936663B2	Protection of clear channel connections in communications networks A method for protection of STM-n/OC-n clear channel connections calls for a protection diagram allowing protection of STM-n/OC-n clear channel signals transmitted from a source point to a destination point. This protection allows overcoming a fall along the path between source point and destination point. It can be used in different types of network structure, for example “ring” or “mesh”. The method calls for duplication of STM-n/OC-n signals at the transmitting end of the subnetwork and transmission over two different routes which can be defined as work and protection paths. To ensure success of the protection diagram the work and protection channels follow different routes. At the receiving end, the signal is selected from the work path or the protection path depending on the quality of the received signals, the protection state and the external commands.
US07936660B2	Optical disk for an identification element An optical disk is provided that includes a face carrying information that is readable by a laser while the disk is being driven in rotation, the face being defined by a flexible structure; a support stiffening the flexible structure and including at least one fiber layer having a thickness; and an identification and/or authentication element carried by the support, the identification and/or authentication element being configured to emit a detectable signal on being illuminated by the laser that is used for reading the information present on the face, the identification and/or authentication element being inside and/or outside the support.
US07936649B2	Method of managing overwrite and method of recording management information on an optical disc write once A device and method of reproducing and/or recording data onto a write once recording medium, the recording medium having a data area and a management area, the data area having a spare area. The recording method include: performing a replacement-recording by recording data requested to be recorded in a specified area onto a replacement area in the data area when the specified area is defective or contains data recorded thereon; and recording onto the management area a pair of consecutive entries for managing the replacement-recording when a size of the specified area corresponds to a plurality of consecutive recording-units. One of the pair of consecutive entries includes start address information of the specified area and start address information of the replacement area and another of the pair of consecutive entries includes end address information of the specified area and end address information of the replacement area.
US07936644B2	Optical pickup device and information processing apparatus incorporating the optical pickup A highly reliable optical pickup which is not likely to collide with an optical disk is provided. Relative positions of two objective lenses 100 and 101 (along a focus direction) on a lens holder 102 are determined so that, while the objective lens 101 having a longer working distance is focused on an optical disk 200, the objective lens 100 having a shorter working distance and a protective member 103 are at positions which are more distant from the optical disk 200 than a height h of a protrusion which is present in an inner peripheral region of the optical disk optical disk 200.
US07936642B1	High sensitivity GPS-assisted time source A method for determining portions of a GPS satellite signal may use non-coherent integration to determine a repeated pattern such as a preamble. Once the repeated pattern is determined, portions of the GPS satellite signal that may be determined with partial correlation sums. Sensitivity to satellite signals may be increased by computing more partial correlation sums on portions of the GPS satellite signal. In one embodiment, time of day information may be determined from the GPS satellite signal with partial correlation sums.
US07936640B2	Radon transformation for removal of noise from seismic data Methods of processing seismic data to remove unwanted noise from meaningful reflection signals are provided for. Assembled seismic data are transformed from the offset-time domain to the time-slowness domain using a Radon transformation. Preferably, the Radon transformation is applied within defined slowness limits pmin and pmax that will preserve coherent noise, and according to an index j of the slowness set and a sampling variable Δp; wherein j = p ma ⁢ ⁢ x - p m ⁢ ⁢ i ⁢ ⁢ n + 1 ⁢ μsec ⁢ / ⁢ m Δ ⁢ ⁢ p , Δp is from about 0.5 to about 4.0 μsec/m. The coherent noise content of the transformed data is then enhanced, and the primary reflection signal content diminished by filtering at least a subset of the transformed data. The filtered data are inverse transformed from the time-slowness domain back to the offset-time domain using an inverse Radon transformation, and, if necessary, an inverse of the offset weighting factor pn is applied to the inverse transformed data, wherein 0
US07936639B2	System and method for processing signals in high speed DRAM A method is disclosed for operating a memory device, including providing a timing signal comprising a plurality of clock cycles, providing an activate signal, and providing a bank address signal. An activate command executes on every first duration of clock cycles, and the bank address signal is high for at least a portion of the first duration of clock cycles. In one embodiment, the first duration of the activate signal is at least four clock cycles, and the bank address signal is at least one clock cycle. A memory device having a row decoder and an active driver is also provided.
US07936633B2	Circuit and method of generating voltage of semiconductor memory apparatus A circuit for generating a voltage of a semiconductor memory apparatus includes a control unit that outputs a driving control signal in response to an enable signal and a burn-in signal, a first voltage generating unit that generates and outputs a first voltage in response to the enable signal, and a voltage maintaining unit that maintains the first voltage in response to the driving control signal.
US07936630B1	Method and apparatus for calibrating a read/write channel in a memory arrangement Embodiments of the present invention provide channel estimation for multi-level memories using pilot signals. A memory apparatus includes a memory block comprising a plurality of memory cells and adapted to operate with at least two levels of signals for writing data into and reading data from the memory cells. At least two memory cells are employed as reference cells to output a plurality of pilot signals. The memory apparatus also includes a channel block operatively coupled to the memory block, and adapted to facilitate the writing and reading of data into and from the memory cells. The channel block is also adapted to receive the pilot signals and determine one or more disturbance parameters based at least in part on the pilot signals and to compensate the read back signals based at least in part on the determined one or more disturbance parameters during said reading of data from the memory cells. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.
US07936628B2	Semiconductor memory and method for operating a semiconductor memory A semiconductor memory having read amplifier strips having a plurality of read amplifiers and having memory cell fields which have a plurality of memory cells connected to bit lines is disclosed. The read amplifier strips include at least two outer read amplifier strips between which the remaining read amplifier strips and the memory cell fields are arranged, wherein adjacent to at least one of the outer read amplifier strips, a reference circuit field is arranged, which has reference lines and reference circuit elements connected thereto, and wherein the reference lines are shorter than the bit lines of the memory cell fields.
US07936627B2	Magnetoresistance effect element and MRAM A magnetoresistance effect element according to the present invention comprises a magnetization free layer 1 and a magnetization fixed layer 3 connected to the magnetization free layer 1 through a nonmagnetic layer 2. The magnetization free layer 1 includes a magnetization switching region 13, a first magnetization fixed region 11 and a second magnetization fixed region 12. The magnetization switching region 13 having reversible magnetization overlaps with the magnetization fixed layer 3. The first magnetization fixed region 11 having first fixed magnetization is connected to one end 13a of the magnetization switching region 13. The second magnetization fixed region 12 having second fixed magnetization is connected to the other end 13b of the magnetization switching region 13. The first magnetization fixed region 11 and the magnetization switching region 13 form a three-way intersection, and the second magnetization fixed region 12 and the magnetization switching region 13 form another three-way intersection.
US07936626B2	Sense amplifier with a compensating circuit A sense amplifier for a memory includes a transistor, an operational amplifier, and a compensating circuit. The negative input end of the operational amplifier is coupled to the compensating circuit. The positive input end of the operational amplifier is coupled to the drain of the transistor. The output end of the operational amplifier is coupled to the gate of the transistor. The compensating circuit is coupled between the negative input end and the output end of the operational amplifier. The compensating circuit generates a compensating voltage to the negative input end of the operational amplifier according to the voltage of the gate of the transistor.
US07936615B2	Methods for supplying power supply voltages in semiconductor memory devices and semiconductor memory devices using the same In a method for supplying power supply voltages in a semiconductor memory device a first source voltage is applied to a memory cell of a memory cell array as a cell array internal voltage for operating a sense amplifier coupled to the memory cell. A second source voltage is applied as a word line drive voltage of the memory cell array. The second source voltage has a voltage level higher than a voltage level of the first source voltage. The second source voltage is also applied as a drive voltage of an input/output line driver to drive write data into an input/output line in a write operating mode.
US07936610B1	Selective refresh of single bit memory cells Methods and systems to selectively refresh a single bit per cell non-volatile memory cell to reduce memory cell errors. In an embodiment, a memory device scans its memory cells, performing a multi-level read on memory cells in a single bit per cell mode. Depending on the state sensed, the cell is refreshed to a correct state if necessary. In one embodiment, the memory scan is appended to a user erase operation, a flash block is swapped with another bock if the state sensed indicates charge gain, and a flash cell is programmed up if the state sensed indicates charge loss.
US07936609B2	Memory controller, memory system, recording and reproducing method for memory system, and recording apparatus A memory system has a memory unit that is made of memory cells, each of which assumes a record state with a threshold voltage according to data. If an inverter has performed reverse processing on a data sequence so as to make the number of the memory cells in a predetermined record state great based on a count of a counter in a record operation, the memory system sets a flag added to the data sequence to indicate that the reverse processing has been performed, and performs re-reverse processing on the data sequence to which the flag indicating that the inverter has performed the reverse processing is added in a reproducing operation.
US07936596B2	Magnetic tunnel junction cell including multiple magnetic domains In a particular embodiment, a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structure is disclosed that includes an MTJ cell having multiple sidewalls that extend substantially normal to a surface of a substrate. Each of the multiple sidewalls includes a free layer to carry a unique magnetic domain. Each of the unique magnetic domains is adapted to store a digital value.
US07936591B2	Magnetoresistive random access memory A word line voltage is applied to a plurality of word lines. A read/write voltage is applied to a plurality of bit lines. The read/write voltage is applied to a plurality of source lines. A word line selector selects the word line and applies the word line voltage. A driver applies a predetermined voltage to the bit line and the source line, thereby supplying a current to the memory cell. A read circuit reads a first current having flowed through the memory cell, and determines data stored in the memory cell. When performing the read, the driver supplies a second current to second bit lines among other bit lines, which are adjacent to the first bit line through which the first current has flowed. The second current generates a magnetic field in a direction to suppress a write error in the memory cell from which data is to be read.
US07936589B2	Adaptive voltage control for SRAM The present invention pertains to semiconductor memory devices, and particularly to a system and method for adaptively setting the operating voltages for SRAM for both Vtrip and SNM to reduce power while maintaining functionality and performance, based on modeling and characterizing a test structure. One embodiment comprises an SRAM array, a test structure that characterizes one or more parameters that are predictive of the SRAM functionality and outputs data of the parameters, a test controller that reads the parameters and identifies an operating voltage that satisfies predetermined yield criteria, and a voltage controller to set an operating voltage for the SRAM array based on the identified operating voltage. One method sets an operating voltage for an SRAM by reading test structure data of the parameters, analyzing the data to identify an operating voltage that satisfies predetermined yield criteria, and setting the operating voltage for the SRAM based on the identified operating voltage.
US07936588B2	Memory array with read reference voltage cells The present disclosure relates to memory arrays with read reference voltage cells. In particular the present disclosure relates to variable resistive memory cell apparatus and arrays that include a high resistance state reference memory cell and a low resistance state reference memory cell that provides a reliable average reference voltage on chip to compare to a read voltage of a selected memory cell and determine if the selected memory cell is in the high resistance state or low resistance state. These memory arrays are particularly suitable for use with spin-transfer torque memory cells and resolves many systematic issues related to generation of a reliable reference voltage.
US07936586B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor storage apparatus and data programming method thereof The semiconductor storage apparatus includes a memory cell array including memory cells each having a rectifying element and a variable resistive element connected in series, the memory cells being arranged in crossing portions of a plurality of first wires and a plurality of second wires, and a control circuit configured to control charging to the first wire. The control circuit charges the first wire connected to a selected memory cell up to a first potential, and then set the first wire in a floating state. Then it charges another first wire adjacent to the first wire connected to the selected memory cell to a second potential. The potential of the first wire connected to the selected memory cell is thereby caused to rise to a third potential by coupling.
US07936582B1	E-fuse read circuit with dual comparators An integrated circuit has an E-fuse sense circuit configured to produce a READ voltage according to a fuse resistance of an E-fuse during a READ operation. The integrated circuit also has a reference sense circuit configured to produce a reference voltage according to a reference resistance of an on-chip reference resistor during the READ operation. The reference sense circuit replicates the E-fuse sense circuit. The E-fuse sense circuit and the reference sense circuit are coupled to a comparator that produces a bit value according to a difference between the READ voltage and the reference voltage.
US07936575B2	Synchronous rectifier control using load condition determination In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method of operating a switched power supply is disclosed. The method comprises determining a current load on a secondary side of a transformer by measuring a ratio between a secondary side current conduction time and a primary switching period of the power supply and comparing the current load with a predetermined threshold. A synchronous rectification (SR) MOSFET coupled to the secondary side of the transformer is disabled if the current load is less than the preset threshold.
US07936572B2	Distributor connection module for telecommunication and data technology The invention relates to a distribution box connection module (1) for telecommunications and data technology, comprising a housing in which externally accessible input and output contacts (10, 20, 30, 40) are arranged for the connection of cables and cores, with the housing having a cavity in which at least one printed circuit board (50) is arranged, with the input and output contacts (10, 20, 30, 40) being arranged on the opposite end faces of the housing, and with the input contacts (10, 20) being associated with one input side and the output contacts (30, 40) being associated with one output side, with the input contacts 10, 20) being in the form of at least two mutually opposite rows of contacts, and the output contacts (30, 40) being in the form of at least one plug connector, with at least two input contacts (10) in the first row and at least two input contacts (20) in the second row being connected to the output contacts (30; 40) in the at least one plug connector, and with the input contacts (10, 20) in the first row and in the second row being connected via the at least one printing circuit board (50) to the output contacts (30; 40) in the plug connector.
US07936571B2	Protection circuit module for secondary battery A protection circuit module for a secondary battery including a wiring substrate including two battery-side external connection terminals provided on a top surface thereof, multiple load-side external connection terminals provided on a back surface opposite the top surface, and at least one cutout or through-hole in the wiring substrate; one or more electronic components provided on the wiring substrate; and two metal plates provided respectively on the two battery-side external connection terminals. The at least one cutout or through-hole is provided at a portion of the wiring substrate in which one of the two metal plates is provided, so that a part of the one of the two metal plates is exposed through the cutout or the through-hole when viewed from the back surface of the wiring substrate.
US07936557B2	Portable electronic device The portable electronic device according to the present invention comprises a cabinet including an opening defined in a front surface thereof, a cover body opening and closing the opening of the cabinet, and a pivoting mechanism for pivotally supporting the cover body to the cabinet, the pivoting mechanism comprises a shaft and a pair of bearings supporting the shaft, the cabinet has an attaching part for attaching a string-like member, and the attaching part projects from the front surface of the cabinet. In this portable electronic device, the attaching part is disposed adjacent to the pivoting mechanism, the shaft which is a component of the pivoting mechanism includes a projecting part projecting toward the attaching part from one of the bearings closer to the attaching part, and the projecting part extends along a back surface which is a reverse side of the front surface of the cabinet.
US07936555B2	Method for fabricating flexible super capacitor A flexible super capacitor including a pair of flexible electrodes and a separator film is disclosed. Each flexible electrode includes a carbon fiber layer and a collector formed on a surface of the carbon fiber layer. The pair of flexible electrodes has two outer surfaces, and the collector layers are formed on the outer surfaces of the pair of the flexible electrodes. The separator film is disposed between the flexible electrodes. The collector layer would be formed on the carbon fiber layer with surface metalizing the carbon fiber layer. A method for fabricating the flexible electrode of the flexible super capacitor is also disclosed.
US07936544B2	High-voltage X-ray generator A power supply for a device which has a load, comprising a first resonant generator and a second resonant generator, coupled in parallel, each generator having a phase output. The power supply further comprises a control circuit coupled to the first and second generators controlling the first and second phase outputs, wherein the first phase output and the second phase output are summed to provide a variable power supply to the load.
US07936536B2	Magnetic recording medium having lands with curved upper surfaces and magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus In a discrete track medium and a patterned medium, a meniscus adsorptive force is reduced and writing into adjacent tracks is prevented. A magnetic layer in lands or patterns in the discrete track medium or the patterned medium is formed into a cylindrical shelly or spherical shelly shape with a uniform thickness. Moreover, a height of cylindrical shelly land or a height of spherical shelly land is changed between 5 nm and 30 nm according to radial positions. Thus, an effect is achieved for providing a magnetic recording medium and a magnetic disk apparatus which are excellent in realizing higher recording density and higher reliability.
US07936531B2	Thermally assisted magnetic head having an asymmetric plasmon antenna and manufacturing method thereof The thermally assisted magnetic head according to the present invention comprises a medium-facing surface, a main magnetic pole provided on the medium-facing surface, and a plasmon antenna provided on the medium-facing surface, in the vicinity of the main magnetic pole. The shape of the plasmon antenna, as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the medium-facing surface, is a triangle having first, second and third corners, the plasmon antenna being shaped as a flat plate the thickness direction of which is perpendicular to the medium-facing surface. The distance from the first corner to the main magnetic pole is shorter than the distance from the second corner to the main magnetic pole and the distance from the third corner to the main magnetic pole. The second corner and the third corner are rounded.
US07936522B2	System and method for imaging with extended depth of focus and incoherent light An optical arrangement is provided for use in imaging with a large depth of focus. The optical arrangement comprises an aperture unit, and a replication unit. The replication unit is configured for producing a plurality of replicas of an input optical field passed through the aperture unit such that the replicas include at least two replicas that are of substantially the same phase distribution and are created at different regions of the aperture unit plane.
US07936513B2	Diffraction grating recording medium A diffraction grating recording medium including a waveguide layer and a grating structure layer is provided. The waveguide layer has a reflective surface and a light incident surface, in which a thickness of the waveguide layer is between 100 nanometers and 2 micrometers, and the reflective surface reflects a light that enters the waveguide layer from the light incident layer. The grating structure layer is disposed on the light incident surface of the waveguide layer, in which the grating structure layer has a plurality of diffractive elements, and the arranging period of the diffractive elements is between 50 nanometers and 900 nanometers.
US07936511B2	Single laser illuminating and pointing systems Dual-function laser systems and methods are disclosed. In one implementation, an apparatus includes a laser source configured to emit a beam; an optical element spaced apart from the laser source; and a diffractive element positioned to diffract the beam to provide a diffracted beam to the optical element such that the optical element refracts the diffracted beam to form an approximately collimated central portion and a diverging outer portion.
US07936481B2	Method, system and program for forming an image A high-quality monochrome photographic image is formed using a high-resolution color ink-jet recording apparatus. When a monochrome mode is selected, density signals are produced such that they include at least one density signal corresponding to a chromatic color material and a density signal corresponding to an achromatic color material and having a value greater than the value of the at least one density signal corresponding to the chromatic color material. A slight recorded color deviation that can occur when the achromatic color material is recorded on a recording medium is compensated for by adding a small amount of chromatic color material having a hue which cancels out the recorded color deviation. Thus, a high-quality gray scale image is obtained without having recorded color deviation or color transition.
US07936462B2	Optical coherence tomography imaging system and method An optical imaging system includes an optical radiation source (410, 510), a frequency clock module outputting frequency clock signals (420), an optical interferometer (430), a data acquisition (DAQ) device (440) triggered by the frequency clock signals, and a computer (450) to perform multi-dimensional optical imaging of the samples. The frequency clock signals are processed by software or hardware to produce a record containing frequency-time relationship of the optical radiation source (410, 510) to trigger the sampling process of the DAQ device (440). The system may employ over-sampling and various digital signal processing methods to improve image quality. The system further includes multiple stages of routers (1418, 1425) connecting the light source (1410) with a plurality of interferometers (1420a-1420n) and a DAQ system (1450) triggered by frequency clock signals to perform high-speed multi-channel optical imaging of samples.
US07936457B2	System and method for detecting and analyzing particles utilizing online light scattering and imaging techniques A chromatographic system that includes a light source and an imaging and analysis system for detecting particle size and analyzing other characteristics of particles in the effluent of a filtration column while filtration is ongoing. The effluent is directed into a guiding tube having a flow axis. Coherent light from the light source is shone into the guiding tube along the flow axis, thereby illuminating particles in the effluent within the guiding tube. An imaging device is used to capture images of the portion of the light scattered by the particles. The image signals are analyzed and used to provide information regarding particle size and other characteristics of the particles in the effluent scattering the light.
US07936447B2	Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method A masking apparatus for preventing irradiation of an outer region of a substrate during lithography is disclosed. The masking apparatus includes a mask that includes a plurality of discrete segments arranged to form a continuous ring shaped mask positioned between an outer region of a substrate and an illumination system.
US07936446B2	Exposure apparatus and device manufacturing method An exposure apparatus which illuminates a reticle with illumination light from a light source and projects light from the reticle onto a substrate to expose the substrate to light is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a shutter located on a path of the illumination light, a detector configured to detect a dose to the substrate, and a controller configured to control operation of the shutter. In a first exposure mode which uses illumination light with a first light intensity, the controller controls an open time of the shutter based on an output from the detector, and to store the open time. In a second exposure mode which uses illumination light with a second light intensity higher than the first light intensity, the controller controls a speed of the shutter based on the stored open time.
US07936445B2	Altering pattern data based on measured optical element characteristics A system and method are used to compensate for distortions or aberrations in an image formed in a projection system. Pattern data is generated corresponding to features to be formed on a substrate. At least one of aberrations and distortions of a projection optical system are measured. The pattern data is altered based on the measuring step. The altered pattern data is transmitted to a patterning device to control individually controllable elements coupled to the patterning device. Non uniformities in one or both of a field and pupil of an illumination system can also be measured and used to alter the pattern data.
US07936442B2	Exposure apparatus, exposure method, and device fabrication method An exposure apparatus comprises an illumination optical system configured to illuminate a reticle with a light beam from a light source, a projection optical system configured to project a pattern of the reticle onto a substrate, a measurement unit configured to measure a light quantity distribution in an exposure area on an image plane of the projection optical system, and a detection unit configured to detect an existence of a foreign particle in the illumination optical system and the projection optical system based on the light quantity distribution measured by the measurement unit.
US07936441B2	Projection optical system, exposure apparatus, and exposure method An immersion projection optical system that prevents leakage of a liquid (immersion liquid) into the optical system and maintains satisfactory imaging capability. The projection optical system of the present invention is a projection optical system that projects a reduced image of a first plane onto a second plane through a liquid. The projection optical system includes an interface optical lens (Lb) having a side towards the first plane that contacts a gas and a side towards the second plane that contacts the liquid. The interface optical element includes a light entering surface (Lba), which has a convex shape facing towards the first plane, and a groove (Gr), which is formed to surround an effective region in a light emitting surface of the interface optical element.
US07936439B2	Method and apparatus for stacking sheets, and method and apparatus for manufacturing liquid crystal display panel A broad crystal display panel having a color filter substrate is supported by supporting nails and the middle portion of a supporting span is pressed by a loading bar. From this state, the supporting nails are removed to release the supporting, and subsequently the supporting nails are also removed to release the supporting the color filter substrate. While preventing the displacement between the color filter substrate and a TFT array substrate, the color filter substrate and the TFT array substrate can be stacked with a specified distance.
US07936435B2	Liquid crystal device, method for producing the same, and electronic apparatus A liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates; a plurality of pixels each including a plurality of pixel regions, each of the pixel regions having a reflective display region and a transmissive display region; a phase difference film provided in the reflective display region, the phase difference film being located at a side of one substrate of the pair of substrates adjacent to the liquid crystal layer; and a partition wall member having light-shielding properties, the partition wall member being provided at the side of the one substrate adjacent to the liquid crystal layer to partition the phase difference film.
US07936415B2	Light source apparatus and liquid crystal display having the same Disclosed is a light source apparatus and a liquid crystal display having the same. The light source apparatus comprises a housing comprising a receiving groove, at least one module substrate which is received in the housing and has connecting terminals mounted at both side ends of the module substrate, a light emitting diode mounted on the module substrate, and a connecting substrate connected to the connecting terminal of the module substrate.
US07936414B2	Liquid crystal display with frame having liquid crystal panel fixing member An exemplary liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal panel, and a one-piece frame accommodating the liquid crystal panel. The frame includes a plurality of side walls arranged end to end, a supporting board extending inward from inner surfaces of the side walls, and at least two liquid crystal panel fixing members. The supporting board abuts the liquid crystal panel. The at least two liquid crystal panel fixing members press at least one respective lateral side of the liquid crystal panel such that the liquid crystal panel is pressed slightly toward the supporting board.
US07936410B2	Array substrate, display apparatus having the same and method for repairing the same In an array substrate, a display apparatus having the same and a method for repairing the same, a substrate includes a display area and a peripheral area that is adjacent to the display area. A plurality of signal transmitting lines are formed in the peripheral area of the substrate. A plurality of signal lines are formed in the display area of the substrate and connected to the signal transmitting lines. A repair part is formed in the peripheral area of the substrate. The repair part intersects and is insulated from the signal transmitting lines so as to repair a first opened signal transmitting line of the signal transmitting lines. Thus, the array substrate may be produced in high-yield and prevent signal distortion.
US07936409B2	Liquid crystal display device and fabrication method thereof A liquid crystal display device including a gate electrode and a gate line formed on a first substrate, a first insulating layer formed on the first substrate, an active pattern, an ohmic-contact layer, and a diffusion preventing layer formed on the gate electrode, a data line to cross source and drain electrodes and the gate line formed on the diffusion preventing layer to define a pixel area, a second insulating layer formed on the first substrate, a contact hole formed by removing a portion of the second insulating layer and exposing a portion of the drain electrode, a pixel electrode electrically connected with the drain electrode via the contact hole, and a second substrate attached with the first substrate in a facing manner, wherein the diffusion preventing layer comprises a metal tip protruded to the side of the source and drain electrodes.
US07936401B2	Communication system, transmitter, receiver, communication method, program, and communication cable The present invention relates to a communication system, a transmitter, a receiver, a communication method, a program, and a communication cable for providing high-speed bidirectional communication while maintaining compatibility. When an HDMI (R) source 71 performs bidirectional IP communication with an HDMI (R) sink 72 using a CEC line 84 and a signal line 141, a switching control unit 121 controls a switch 133 so that, when data is transmitted, the switch 133 selects a constituent signal forming a differential signal output from a converting unit 131 and, when data is transmitted, the switch 133 selects a constituent signal forming a differential signal output from a receiver 82. When bidirectional communication is performed using only the CEC line 84, the switching control unit 121 controls the switch 133 so that the CEC signal output from the HDMI (R) source 71 or the receiver 82 is selected. The present invention is applicable to, for example, HDMI (R).
US07936398B2	Video signal processing apparatus for converting video signal types A video signal processing apparatus that converts, into a video signal of a desired type, the type of a video signal received at an external input terminal, and enables the recording or the display of the video signal. The video signal processing apparatus displays, on a screen, information concerning the conversion of the type of a video signal.
US07936395B2	Printer CPU with VLIW processor A controller is provided having an interface for receiving data and a very long instruction word (VLIW) processor connected to the interface for processing the received data to generate processed data. The VLIW processor has four processing units each connected by a cross bar switch and each interconnected to their nearest neighbors to form a ring, each processing unit providing two inputs to, and taking two outputs from, the crossbar switch.
US07936394B2	Mobile devices having an image sensor for charging a battery Mobile devices and methods of operating mobile devices are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a mobile device includes a rechargeable battery, a battery charger electrically coupled to the battery, and an image sensor operably coupled to the battery charger to selectively charge the battery. As such, the image sensor is configured to capture images and provide current to charge the battery. The image sensor can be a CMOS image sensor or a CCD image sensor. The mobile device may further include a housing, with the battery, battery charger, and image sensor contained within the housing.
US07936393B2	Camera, aperture controlling method and apparatus, lens controlling method and apparatus, and edging amount controlling method and apparatus Maximum and minimum aperture sizes are regulated with regard to a diaphragm in order to secure predetermined optical capability in an optical unit which includes a taking lens and the diaphragm. In a normal taking, the diaphragm is used within a normal taking range from the maximum to the minimum aperture sizes. In the present invention, an aperture size which is larger than the maximum size and a size which is smaller than the minimum size (extra aperture size or extra small size) are respectively set at outside the range that secures the capability. The aperture sizes of the diaphragm at outside the specified range are used at least for one of the following: automatic exposure (AE) adjustment, auto focus (AF) adjustment, electronic zoom, displaying a moving image, taking for recording the moving image, and taking under a low resolution by thinning out pixels.
US07936390B2	Digital camera having input devices and a display capable of displaying a plurality of set information items An LCD (21) for displaying a plurality of set information items is provided for a digital camera (10). When a plurality of input keys disposed around the LCD (21) are depressed, set information which is displayed adjacent to the input key can be changed. A control portion of the digital camera (10) performs a variety of control operations of the digital camera (10) in accordance with set information. Therefore, the position of the input portion which is used when the setting of the digital camera (10) can easily be understood. Thus, the setting can be changed by performing only a simple operation.
US07936386B2	Solid-state imaging device A solid-state imaging device which can, in response to the problem of black-crush occurring in an image when strong light is enters the device, positively detect black-crush in a state in which a variance margin has been secured. The solid-state imaging device outputs a luminance signal in accordance with an amount of received light, and includes: a pixel circuit having a light-receiving element; a signal output circuit having a sampling transistor which outputs, from a second signal output line, a luminance signal in accordance with the amount of light received by the light-receiving element, based on an output signal from the pixel circuit; and a high-intensity judgment circuit which is coupled by the pixel circuit and a judgment input coupling capacitor, judges whether or not light entering the light-receiving element is of high intensity based on the output signal from the pixel circuit, and in the case of judging the entering light to be of high intensity, outputs a luminance signal indicating high intensity.
US07936382B2	Image pickup device, projector including the image pickup device, and image pickup method An image pickup device is provided. The image pickup device includes a pickup device that captures an image, a background image processor that determines a pickup object area to be captured to be an illumination image and displays the pickup object area as a background image, a display that displays the background image, and a main controller that generates a control signal that controls the pickup device, the background image processor, and the display. The image pickup device projects the illumination image instead of the background image on the screen, such that the person's image does not overlap with the background image during the image pickup action. A brightness level of the object image in the corrected pickup picture is adjusted according to a brightness level of the background image, such that the object image can be more naturally harmonized with the background image.
US07936376B2	Image pickup device, integrated circuit of image pickup element, and image pickup result processing method The present invention is applied to for example video cameras recording an image pickup result by moving picture, electronic still cameras, monitoring devices and the like. Image pickup means 3 and image compressing means 6 are connected to each other by a wiring layer formed on a surface on an opposite side from an image pickup surface of the image pickup means 3, and are thereby integrated with each other. A data compression ratio used for data compression of at least a next block is changed on the basis of an amount of code generated by data compression of an image pickup result S1 in a block unit. Also, the image pickup result S1 of each photoelectric conversion unit is output from the image pickup means 3 in such a manner as to correspond to the processing in the block unit.
US07936372B2	Image processing method and system for generating and analyzing metadata and server for such system Disclosed herein is an image processing system including, an image pickup device, a server and a terminal apparatus, wherein said image pickup device including, a video data generating section and a metadata generating section wherein said server including, a video data storing section and a metadata storing section.
US07936361B2	System and method for masking and overlaying images in multiple projector system A system and method for masking images in a multi-projector system, including: converting, using signal processors associated with at least two projectors, at least two independent input video signals into at least two independent signals for masked images, each masked image having an image region and a region of attenuated brightness comprising a mask having substantially no brightness, wherein a mask of one masked image interfaces in a composite image with an image region of another masked image; independently projecting the at least two masked images via the at least two projectors to a common location to form the composite image, such that the at least two masked images are at least partially superimposed; and gradually attenuating brightness in a spatial manner adjacent to a boundary of a mask of at least one of the masked images.
US07936360B2	Reproducing apparatus capable of reproducing picture data A reproducing apparatus includes a graphics processing unit that outputs graphics data, which forms a first screen image, in sync with a vertical sync signal and a pixel clock signal, a video decoder that outputs video data, which forms a second screen image, in sync with the vertical sync signal and the pixel clock signal, a blending process unit that executes a blending process for blending the graphics data, which is output from the graphics processing unit, and the video data, which is output from the video decoder, and a picture data output unit that outputs picture data, which is obtained by the blending process, to a display apparatus.
US07936350B2	Display control circuit and display system In a display control circuit for controlling a display of a display device, data which is stored in a memory is inputted to a FIFO circuit by a DMA controller, and the FIFO circuit transmits the stored data to the display device at a rising edge of an inputted clock PCLK. A clock mask circuit transmits the inputted clock PCLK to the display device as a display clock PCLK′ while the FIFO circuit is not underflow. On the other hand, the clock mask circuit masks the inputted clock PCLK while the FIFO circuit is underflow, and transmits the display clock PCLK′ whose level is kept high to the display device. As a result, a display position of display data does not shift even if underflow occurs in the FIFO circuit.
US07936346B2	Liquid crystal display device implementing photodetector to control backlight A liquid crystal display device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel, a photodetector unit LS1 that is built into the liquid crystal display panel and has a TFT ambient light photosensor, an ambient light photosensor reader Re1 for reading a voltage due to photo-leakage from the TFT ambient light photosensor, and a control means 20 for controlling the photodetector unit and the ambient light photosensor reader, and a backlight 24, etc., according to an output from the ambient light photosensor reader. The photodetector unit has a switching element SW2 coupled between a source line coupled to the TFT ambient light photosensor's source electrode SL and a drain line coupled to the TFT ambient light photosensor's drain electrode DL. The control means 20 makes the source line and the drain line of the TFT ambient light photosensor be coupled to a common potential when changing a gate voltage of the TFT ambient light photosensor by keeping the switching element SW2 turned on. It is therefore possible to provide a liquid crystal display device that utilizes a thin film transistor as an ambient light photosensor and prevents degradation of an ambient light photosensor element due to a biased polarity voltage applied to the gate electrode.
US07936343B2	Sensing device for sensing a position relative to a surface A sensing device for sensing a position relative to a surface. The surface has printed therein or thereon coded data including at least one data portion, and visible information, at least some of the coded data being coincident with the visible information. The sensing device includes a sensor for sensing at least one data portion when placed in an operative position relative to the at least one region and generating indicating data using the sensed data portion. The indicating data is indicative of a position of the data portion relative to the surface and an orientation of the sensing device relative to the data portion. The indicating data is then communicated to a computer system to allow the position of the sensing device relative to the surface to be determined.
US07936328B2	Display panel including amplifier with offset canceling by reversing polarity of amplifier offset A data driver used for driving a display panel is provided with a grayscale voltage generator circuit generating a plurality of grayscale voltages; and a drive circuitry selecting a selected grayscale voltage from the plurality of grayscale voltages in response to input display data, and outputting a data signal having a voltage level corresponding to the selected grayscale voltage to the display panel. The grayscale voltage generator circuit comprises an amplifier generating a voltage bias; and a voltage generator circuit generating the plurality of grayscale voltages from the voltage bias. The amplifier is designed so that a polarity of an offset voltage of the amplifier is reversible. The polarity of the offset voltage of the amplifier is controlled so that the polarity of the offset voltage of the amplifier used for driving a specific pixel of the display panel in a certain frame period is opposite to that of the offset voltage of the amplifier used for driving the c specific pixel in another frame period.
US07936327B2	Driving circuit having compensative unit for providing compensative voltages to data driving circuits based on voltages of two nodes of gate line, method for making same, and liquid crystal panel with same An exemplary driving circuit (20) includes: gate lines (201); data lines orthogonal to the gate lines (202); thin film transistors (203); gate driving circuits (210) for driving the gate lines; data driving circuits (220) for driving the data lines; and a compensative unit (230) having a first input terminal (235), a second input terminal (236), and output terminals (238) coupled to the data driving circuits. The first and second input terminals are coupled to two nodes (a, b) of one of the gate line, and the two nodes are coupled to two gate electrodes of two thin film transistors respectively connected to two data driving circuits. The compensative unit outputs compensative voltages for compensating data voltage signals outputted by the data driving circuits.
US07936323B2	Liquid crystal display device The present invention prevents deterioration of image quality by lowering a heat value of a data driver connected to a liquid crystal display panel. In a liquid crystal display device, a pixel which connects a TFT thereof to one of two neighboring scanning signal lines and a pixel which has a TFT thereof connected to the other scanning signal line are alternately arranged in the extending direction of the scanning signal lines, two pixels which are arranged close to each other with one video signal line sandwiched therebetween have respective TFTs connected to the video signal line, and the connection relationship between the TFT of each pixel and the scanning signal line is inverted for every pair of two pixels arranged in the extending direction of the video signal lines.
US07936321B2	Driving circuit and organic electroluminescence display thereof A driving circuit capable of decreasing an error of a gray level voltage without affecting a voltage drop when a gray level signal of a D/A converter is generated in an analog switch, and an organic electroluminescence display using the same. The driving circuit includes first and second switch units to select respective first and second reference voltages to correspond to a data signal; a resistor including a plurality of resistor arrays to receive and distribute the first and second reference voltages by utilization of at least two resistances to generate a gray level voltage; a third switch unit to select one resistor array out of the plurality of arrays to correspond to the data signal and to transmit the first and second reference voltages to the selected resistor array; and a fourth switch unit to output the gray level voltage, generated by the resistor array, to correspond to the data signal.
US07936320B2	Driving method of plasma display panel and display device thereof A plasma display device includes a plasma display panel (PDP) and a driving method for driving the PDP. The PDP includes discharge cells that are formed by scan electrodes, sustain electrodes, and address electrodes. The driving method divides a frame of the plasma display panel into a plurality of subfields having respective weights in which gray scales are represented by a combination of the subfields. The plurality of subfields are divided into a first group and a second group. In an address period of a subfield of the first having a lowest weight subfield of the plurality of subfields, the method applies a scan voltage and an address voltage respectively to the scan electrode and the address electrode of a discharge cell to be selected from the discharge cells. The scan voltage is applied to the scan electrode and the scan electrode is floated.
US07936319B2	Zero-lag image response to pilot head mounted display control A method and a system for tracking a line-of-sight (LOS) and providing zero-lag image response to a display is disclosed. The method according to one embodiment receives image data having a filed of view (FOV) that is larger than what is displayed on the display using an initial LOS, combines the received image data to create a region of interest (ROI) image, detects a change in the LOS, creates a new ROI image using the received image data to correspond to the changed LOS, and displays the new ROI image to the display.
US07936316B2	Smart antenna The present invention discloses a smart antenna that includes: a switch unit that switches a direction for receiving radio waves; and an outer covering unit that covers the smart antenna and is made of an insulating material.
US07936314B2	Dual polarized antenna To provide a dual polarized antenna capable of reducing correlation between antenna elements.A dual polarized antenna is constituted by a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna formed on a printed circuit board and radiates two kinds of polarized waves. The vertically polarized antenna has a configuration in which: a first microstripline is extended along the longitudinal direction of the printed circuit board from the lower portion of the printed circuit board; a first conductive radiating element is disposed at one end of the first microstripline; a phase delay circuit is serially connected to the first conductive radiating element; a second conductive radiating element is added to one end of the phase delay circuit; and a third conductive radiating element is added to a ground conductor which is disposed on the rear side of the surface of the printed circuit board on which the first conductive radiating element and first microstripline are connected at a corresponding portion thereof.
US07936287B1	Interactive web-based codeset selection and development tool An interactive, web-based codeset selection and development tool transmits hypertext documents from a web server to a web browser of a developer of microcontroller code for a new remote control device. The hypertext documents include selection criteria for groups of codesets stored in a central database of codesets. The developer selects the most appropriate codesets for the new remote control device using the selection criteria. The selection and development tool converts each of the selected codesets into a plurality of strings of timing information. The strings are encrypted and transmitted to the developer along with a signal engine. The developer loads the encrypted strings and the signal engine into a new microcontroller that has a factory-programmed decryption key. The microcontroller decrypts the encrypted strings of timing information and uses them and the signal engine to generate operational signals that control various functions of electronic consumer devices.
US07936286B2	Emergency information and transportation control system A system for providing transportation information to passengers during an emergency, such as a terrorist attack. The system links emergency responders, public transportation operations (including subways, buses and other mass transit systems), and network operations in a coordinated evacuation of a crowded metropolitan area. Information is provided to the public via system of networked kiosks and displays provided strategically throughout a city. In another embodiment of the present invention, the system provides transportation and routing information to passengers during a non-emergency.
US07936282B2	Apparatus and method for controlling moving vehicles Apparatus for controlling vehicles, particularly for security purposes, law enforcement and fleet management, is disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a car unit (CU) permanently mounted in the vehicles, which transmits vehicle identification (ID) and a road unit (RU), which receives the identification and singles out suspect vehicles. The apparatus may include a portable personal unit (PU), which identifies the driver.
US07936273B2	RFID tag manufacturing methods and RFID tags A method includes a step of preparing a strap having a connecting metal pattern formed on a base, and mounted with the circuit chip, the pattern connecting a circuit chip to a metal antenna pattern. A substrate has a concave section which houses the circuit chip and is formed on a first face. The metal antenna pattern extends over a first face and a second face of the base so as to circle them except for the concave section and to have the both ends positioned across the concave section. The method includes a connection step of positioning and directing the strap and the substrate to house the circuit chip in the concave section and covering the strap and the substrate with a covering material so as to fix the strap and the substrate in a state where the connection metal pattern is connected to the metal antenna pattern.
US07936271B2	Anti-tamper cargo container locator system The present disclosure relates to location and communication systems that can be utilized for locating cargo containers using tags with a radio communication subsystem in the form of a transponder or micro-transponder. Each cargo container tag (CCT) is capable of communicating with either other cargo container tags or a base-station (BS) locator devices. The tags can be arranged for tracking the opening and closing of doors on individual cargo containers using radio communication methods. Lost cargo container can be located using communications from a base station and the cargo container tags. CCT devices can also detect intrusions and/or tampering with cargo containers, and store a variety of collected data for later retrieval.
US07936268B2	Selectively coupling to feed points of an antenna system Selectively coupling to feed points of an antenna system. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are systems comprising an antenna system, an antenna communication circuit, a first diode coupled between the antenna communication circuit and a first feed point of the antenna system, and a second diode coupled between the antenna communication circuit and a second feed point of the antenna system. The antenna communication circuit is configured to couple the antenna communication circuit to the first and second feed points by forward biasing the diodes.
US07936254B2	System and method of communicating emergency alerts A set-top box device is disclosed. The set-top box device includes a processor and a memory device accessible to the processor. The memory device includes instructions to communicate with a multi-cast alert server to receive a multicast emergency alert message. The multicast emergency alert message includes data related to a location code and data related to a set-top box action. The memory device stores location information and includes instructions to execute the set-top box action when the location code matches the location information.
US07936251B1	Alerting device and radio communication device having the alerting device In a notifying device comprising a notifying unit 2 having incorporated therein a vibrator to be resonated by a drive signal fed thereto, and a signal preparing circuit 5 for feeding the drive signal to the notifying unit 2, the signal preparing circuit 5 prepares a drive signal Dv varying in frequency within a predetermined range including the resonance frequency of the vibrator of the unit 2 and feeds the signal to the notifying unit 2. The variation of frequency of the drive signal is determined in correspond relation with a variation in the resonance frequency of the vibrator due to tolerances for specifications which govern the resonance frequency. The drive signal has an alternating waveform of rectangular waves or sine waves, and the frequency thereof varies periodically from 1.37 to 2.98 Hz. The notifying device achieves a satisfactory notifying effect despite the variation of the resonance frequency of the vibrator.
US07936249B2	System for security control and/or transportation of persons with an elevator installation, method of operating this system, and method of retrofitting an elevator installation with this system A system for security control and/or transportation of persons with an elevator installation and a method of operating this system. By means of the system, a person is identified from at least one identification code and from at least one authentication signal. For this purpose, an identification code is entered and/or transmitted by the person, and an authentication signal of the person is captured. Assigned to the identification code and the authentication signal is at least one user profile. An access authorization stored in the user profile, and/or a pre-defined travel destination in the user profile, is/are determined. The authentication signal is checked against at least one reference stored in a user profile. If an access authorization to a travel destination is present, and if the authentication signal and reference correspond, a command signal is transmitted to an elevator installation.
US07936247B2	Resistor arrangement and method for producing a resistor arrangement A resistor arrangement with resistor elements is specified that are arranged essentially regularly and that are spaced apart from each other and that are interconnected by a flexible substrate. According to a first preferred embodiment, intermediate spaces that are provided to carry a flow of flowing medium are arranged between the resistor elements. According to a second preferred embodiment, the resistor elements are arranged between two flexible substrates and are rigidly connected to these substrates. According to a third preferred embodiment, an electrically insulating adhesive layer that has openings through which the resistor elements are conductively connected to the substrate is arranged between the resistor elements and the substrate. According to a fourth preferred embodiment, the substrate is composed of, as a ground material, an elastic plastic that is filled with electrically conductive particles. In addition, a method for producing the resistor arrangement is specified.
US07936243B2	Adjustable resistor embedded in multi-layered substrate and method for forming the same An adjustable resistor embedded in a multi-layered substrate and method for forming the same. The adjustable resistor comprises: a planar resistor, having a plurality of terminals; and a plurality of connecting lines connected to the planar resistor, each of the connecting lines being drawn from each of the terminals of the planar resistor so as to form a resistor network, wherein the connecting lines are selectively broken by a process for drilling the substrate to form a number of combinations of opened connecting lines such that the resistance value of the adjustable resistor is varied and thus the resistance value of the adjustable resistor can be precisely adjusted.
US07936239B2	Breaker interlock system and method Disclosed herein is a breaker interlock system. The system includes, a trip unit for a breaker, and a breaker receptive of the trip unit. The breaker is closable when the trip unit is assembled thereto and the breaker is non-closable when the trip unit is not assembled to the breaker. The interlock system is further configured to prevent disassembly of the trip unit from the breaker when the breaker is in a closed configuration. The breaker having a plurality of solenoids and each of the plurality of solenoids is in operable communication with the breaker to trip the breaker on command. A first of the plurality of solenoids is responsive to a signal from the breaker via the trip unit, and a second of the plurality of solenoids is responsive to an externally supplied signal from a source other than the electronic trip unit.
US07936237B2	Multi-band transmit-receive switch for wireless transceiver A transmit-receive switch has a transmit port, an antenna port, and a receive port. A first switch couples the transmit port to the antenna port when a signal TxON is asserted. A LOW_BAND signal indicates the selection of a lower band of frequencies. A tuning structure is formed by a second and third switch in series which couple the antenna port to ground through a first capacitor when TxON and LOW_BAND are both asserted, and LOW_BAND may be provided to one or more such tuning structures for multi-band frequency operation. A second capacitor couples the antenna port to ground when a fourth switch is enabled. An inductor couples the antenna port to the receive port. A third capacitor is placed across the receive port and ground. A fifth switch is closed when TxON is asserted. The first through fifth switches can be a CMOS FET with an isolated substrate coupled to ground through an associated resistor.
US07936230B2	Non-reciprocal component and method for making and using the component in a mobile terminal The invention relates to a non-reciprocal component comprising: a ferrite substrate having a first side and an opposing second side located on a ground layer, a first metal line and a second metal line are located on the ferrite substrate in parallel to each other. To provide a non-reciprocal component having small dimensions and which could be integrated. The ferrite substrate is magnetized parallel to the metal lines and each of the metal lines is running at least from one side of the ferrite substrate to the other side and back forming thereby at least one meander loop, wherein the loops are interlaced to each other and the metal lines are isolated in an area of the loop.
US07936228B2	Frequency modulator and FM transmission circuit using the same An input signal is input via a first resistor to an inverting input terminal of an operational amplifier. A second resistor is provided on a feedback path between an output terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. A control voltage Vcnt output from the operational amplifier is input to a VCO. A frequency divider frequency-divides an output signal Sout of the VCO. A phase comparator compares an output signal from the frequency divider with a reference clock signal and outputs a voltage according to a phase difference. A loop filter removes a high-frequency component of an output voltage Vcp of the phase comparator and outputs the voltage to a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier.
US07936224B2	Voltage controlled oscillator An embodiment of the voltage controlled oscillator is provided. The oscillator comprises a first inductor set, a second inductor set, a second capacitor, a voltage source and a negative resistance element. The inductance of the second inductor set is k times the inductance of the first inductor set. The voltage source applies an ac voltage to the second inductor set. The negative resistance element is coupled to the second inductor set to provide a negative resistance to resonate the second capacitor at the second inductor set.
US07936223B2	Low spur phase-locked loop architecture A low spur phase-locked loop (PLL) architecture is provided. A frequency-synthesizing PLL that includes a differential Kvco gain linearization circuit with adjustable DC offset is used to reduce clock jitter. The free-running oscillation frequency of the VCO of the PLL is centered near the desired frequency using programmable loads to minimize the required control voltage range. The PLL uses a differential architecture that includes a charge pump that compensates for variations in Kvco and a LC tank oscillator with differential controlled varactor. The differential PLL architecture demonstrates that the reference spur can be well controlled to below −80 dBc.
US07936222B2	Phase-locked loop circuit employing capacitance multiplication A phase-locked loop circuit. The phase-locked loop circuit comprises a phase detector, a proportional charge pump, a decimator, an integral charge pimp, and a voltage-controlled oscillator. The phase detector obtains an phase error information according to a phase difference between a reference signal and a clock signal input to the phase detector. The proportional charge pump coupled to the phase detector generates a first voltage according to the phase error information. The decimator generates a decimated version of the phase error information by a decimation factor of N. The integral charge pump generates a second voltage according to the decimated version of the phase error information. The voltage-controlled oscillator generating the clock signal according to a combination of the first and second voltages.
US07936217B2	High-linearity complementary amplifier A complementary amplifier includes an NMOS transistor coupled to a PMOS transistor in a stacked configuration. The NMOS transistor and the PMOS transistor receive and amplify an input signal. The NMOS and PMOS transistors operate as a linear complementary amplifier and provide an output signal. The NMOS and PMOS transistors may have separate bias voltages, which may be selected to overlap the low-to-high and high-to-low transitions of the transconductances of these transistors. The width and length dimensions of the NMOS and PMOS transistors may be selected to match the change in input capacitance and the change in transconductance of the NMOS transistor in moderate inversion region with the change in input capacitance and the change in transconductance of the PMOS transistor in moderate inversion region. The complementary amplifier may have an approximately constant total input capacitance and an approximately constant total transconductance over a range of voltages.
US07936211B2	Controlling the performance of a thermionic tube Controlling the performance of the thermionic tube (102) having a cathode (103), a plate (104) and a grid (105) is disclosed. The tube is configured to provide amplification of an audio derived signal (106) and is arranged to apply a grid bias voltage to the grid. The absence of an input audio signal is detected whereafter output current between cathode and plate is measured to identify actual output current. The actual output current is compared against a preferred output current and the grid bias voltage is adjusted so as to bring the actual output current value towards the preferred output current value.
US07936210B2	Gallium nitride traveling wave structures A traveling wave device employs an active Gallium Nitride FET. The Gallium Nitride FET has a plurality of gate feeding fingers connecting to an input gate transmission line. The FET has a drain electrode connected to an output drain transmission line with the source electrode connected to a point of reference potential. The input and output transmission lines are terminated with terminating impedances which are not matched to the gate and drain transmission lines. The use of Gallium Nitride enables the terminating impedance to be at much higher levels than in the prior art. The use of Gallium Nitride permits multiple devices to be employed, thus resulting in higher gain amplifiers with higher voltage operation and higher frequency operation. A cascode traveling wave amplifier employing GaN FETs is also described having high gain and bandwidth.
US07936209B2	I/O buffer with low voltage semiconductor devices Described embodiments provide for protecting from DC and transient over-voltage conditions an input/output (“I/O”) buffer having first and second I/O transistors. The first I/O transistor is coupled to a first over-voltage protection circuit adapted to prevent an over-voltage condition on at least the first I/O transistor. The second I/O transistor is coupled to a second over-voltage protection circuit adapted to prevent an over-voltage condition on at least the second I/O transistor. First and second bias voltages are generated from an operating voltage of the buffer. A third bias voltage is generated from either i) the first bias voltage, or ii) an output signal voltage of the buffer and a fourth bias voltage is generated from either i) the second bias voltage, or ii) the output signal voltage of the buffer. The third and fourth bias voltages are provided to the first and second over-voltage protection circuits, respectively.
US07936204B2	Temperature sensing circuit A temperature sensing circuit includes a temperature-dependent voltage generating block configured to generate a plurality temperature-dependent voltages having voltage levels that are changed according to temperature; and a comparing block configured to compare each voltage level of the temperature-dependent voltages with a voltage level of a predetermined voltage to output thermal codes.
US07936202B2	Method and apparatus for robust mode selection with low power consumption A low power method and apparatus for selecting operational modes of a circuit. One circuit according to the teachings of the disclosed method and apparatus includes a first current limiting circuit coupled between a selector terminal and a first voltage bus. The first current limiting circuit is adapted to vary a current limit out of the selector terminal in response to a voltage on the selector terminal. The circuit also includes a second current limiting circuit coupled between the selector terminal and a second voltage bus. The second current limiting circuit adapted to vary a current limit into the selector terminal in response to the voltage on the selector terminal.
US07936196B2	First delay locking method, delay-locked loop, and semiconductor memory device including the same According to one embodiment, a method of performing fast locking in a delay locked loop circuit is disclosed. The method includes performing a first comparison comparing an input clock signal to a first feedback clock signal that is a non-inverted feedback clock signal, and performing a second comparison comparing the input clock signal to a second feedback clock signal that is the feedback clock signal inverted. The method also includes, based on the first and second comparisons, selecting one of the non-inverted feedback clock signal or the inverted feedback clock signal to synchronize with the input clock signal. In addition, the method includes synchronizing the selected clock signal with the input clock signal.
US07936189B2	Driver circuit and method for reducing electromagnetic interference An apparatus and a method switch a load through a power transistor. The apparatus includes: a first current generator for generating a current to charge a capacitance of a control terminal of the power transistor during power on of the power transistor; a second current generator for generating a current to discharge the capacitance during power off of the power transistor. The apparatus is equipped with control circuitry having a storage element for storing a voltage value representative of the potential difference between the control terminal and a conduction terminal of the power transistor when the power transistor operates in the saturation region and a discharge circuit for generating an additional current to discharge the capacitance during the power-off process. The additional current is a function of the potential difference of the control terminal and the stored voltage value from the conduction terminal.
US07936183B2	IC output signal path with switch, bus holder, and buffer An electronic integrated circuit includes a signal path connected between the functional logic (15) thereof and an external output terminal. The signal path includes a switch (S), a bus holder circuit (121B), and an output buffer (19).
US07936181B2	Method and circuit for off chip driver control, and memory device using same An off chip driver impedance adjustment circuit includes a storage circuit adapted to receive and store a drive strength adjustment word. A counter circuit is coupled to the storage circuit to receive the drive strength adjustment word and develops a drive strength count responsive to the drive strength adjustment word. A programmable fuse code to preset the counter. An output driver circuit is coupled to the counter circuit to receive the drive strength count and is adapted to receive a data signal. The output driver circuit develops an output signal on an output responsive to the data signal and adjusts a drive strength as a function of the drive strength count.
US07936176B2	Method for providing alignment of a probe A method for aligning a probe relative to a supporting substrate defining a first planar surface, an edge, and a first crystal plane includes the steps of masking the surface of the substrate to define an exposed area on the first surface at the edge; and etching, using an etch reagent, a recess in the exposed area, the recess defining first and second opposed sidewalls, an end wall remote from the edge, and a bottom wall. The method further includes the step of providing a probe substrate defining a second planar surface and a second crystal plane identical to the first crystal plane, and positioning the probe substrate so that the first and the second crystal planes are positioned identically when forming a probe from the probe substrate using the etch reagent, wherein the probe defines congruent surfaces to the first and second sidewalls.
US07936174B2	Coupling loop A coupling loop or antenna is provided that can be used with a system that determines the resonant frequency of a sensor by adjusting the phase and frequency of an energizing signal until the frequency of the energizing signal matches the resonant frequency of the sensor. In one embodiment multiple energizing loops energize an implanted sensor and a sensor coupling loop connected to an input impedance that is at least two times greater than the inductance of the sensor coupling loop receives the sensor signal.
US07936171B2	Baluns, a fine balance and impedance adjustment module, a multi-layer transmission line, and transmission line NMR probes using same A pseudo-Marchand balun, compound balun and tunable multi-resonant coaxial balun, and NMR probes employing each such balun, and a fine balance and impedance adjustment module and a multi-layer transmission line for use in such NMR probes.
US07936166B2	Quarter cycle waveform detector A method for extracting peak information from an amplitude varying sinusoidal waveform output from a sensor is provided. The method includes gating a counter with a keying signal having a keying-signal period generated by a sinusoidal waveform associated with the amplitude varying sinusoidal waveform, receiving high frequency clock signals at the gated counter during keying-signal periods, wherein a clock-signal period is much less than the keying-signal periods, disabling the counter at the end of each keying-signal period, generating a quarter-count value based on the disabling, and outputting a sample pulse associated with each keying-signal period. If a current-keying-signal period is the same as a last-keying-signal period, the sample pulse is generated at a quarter-wave of the sinusoidal waveform. If the current-keying-signal period differs from the last-keying-signal period, the associated output sample pulses are adjusted to the quarter-wave of the sinusoidal waveform in the next-keying-signal period.
US07936165B2	Current sensor A current sensor includes a housing having a pair of first slits, a bus bar supported by the housing and electrically connected to a battery post provided on a battery, an annular shield member arranged so as to surround an axis extending in a direction in which a current is flowed in the bus bar, and a magnetic-electric conversion element provided on the housing to detect a magnetic flux density of a magnetic field generated when the current is flowed in the bus bar and produce an electric signal. The magnetic-electric conversion element is arranged between the first slits. The shield member is inserted into the first slits so that the shield member is mounted on the housing.
US07936160B1	Apparatus and method for valley emulated current mode control A valley current mode switching regulator is provided. When the main switch of the switching regulator is closed, the current through the main switch is sensed and sampled. The sensed main switch current is held while the main switch is off. While the main switch is off, the inductor current is emulated. Emulated valley current mode control is provided based on the sensed main switch current and the emulated flywheel current.
US07936158B2	Switching regulator configured to detect and shutdown reverse current A switching regulator includes a first switch, an inductor, a second switch, a controller to control a switching operation by switching the first switch and switching the second switch complementally to the first switch, and a reverse current detector to detect a reverse current that flows from an output terminal toward the second switch. The reverse current detector generates a proportional voltage that is proportional to a voltage at a junction node between the second switch and the inductor, and detects a generation or an indication of the reverse current based on the proportional voltage. The controller turns the second switch off to create a shutdown state when the reverse current detector detects the generation or the indication of the reverse current.
US07936157B2	Switching power supply system A switching power supply system, in which a DC voltage obtained by full-wave rectification of an AC voltage is turned on and off by a switching device, converted to a desired DC voltage and outputted, includes a slope compensating circuit and an overcurrent protecting circuit, and a full-wave rectified voltage inputted to a terminal Tm is subtracted from a reference voltage Vref inputted to a terminal Tr to produce a reference voltage waveform signal (OCP correction value) Vocp to eliminate the influence of slope compensation. The reference signal of the overcurrent protection circuit is varied by a signal having a reverse phased waveform relative to the phase of the full-wave rectified waveform. This enables highly accurate overcurrent protection with a net overcurrent protection level unaffected by the slope compensation varied by the input voltage when the system is operated in a current mode.
US07936153B2	On-chip adaptive voltage compensation Measurement circuit components are included in an integrated circuit fabricated on a semiconductor substrate. These measurement circuits are connected to a voltage regulation circuit that provides the integrated circuit voltage source. These measurement circuits provide signals to control the voltage regulation circuit to adjust the voltage output to the integrated circuit based upon a measurement values obtained on the semiconductor device. These measurements include temperature and IR drop at locations on the semiconductor substrate, along with the frequency response of integrated circuit.
US07936151B2	Battery state monitoring circuitry with low power consumption during a stand-by-state of a battery pack A battery pack including at least one battery cell, a switch, and battery state monitoring circuitry. The battery state monitoring circuitry may be configured to control an ON resistance of the switch to a first ON resistance when the switch is ON and the battery pack is in a stand-by-state and to control the ON resistance to a second ON resistance when the switch is ON and said battery pack is not in said stand-by-state, the first ON resistance greater than the second ON resistance. A cordless electrical device and method consistent with embodiments are also provided.
US07936132B2	LED lamp An LED lamp is provided in which the output light intensity of the LEDs in the LED lamp is adjusted based on the input voltage to the LED lamp. The LED lamp comprises one or more LEDs, and an LED driver configured to receive an input voltage and provide regulated current to said one or more LEDs, where the LED driver is configured to adjust the regulated current to said one or more LEDs according to the input voltage to adjust the output light intensity of said one or more LEDs. The LED lamp can be a direct replacement of conventional incandescent lamps in typical wiring configurations found in residential and commercial building lighting applications that use conventional dimmer switches that carry out dimming by changing the input voltage to the LED lamp.
US07936128B2	Frit seal material, lamp with frit seal, and method for sealing a high intensity discharge lamp A high intensity discharge lamp includes an arc tube with a chemical fill, capillaries extended from the arc tube, electrodes fed through the capillaries into the arc tube, and a frit seal that seals the capillaries, where the frit seal includes silica (SiO2) in a range of more than 0 wt % to less than 5 wt %, alumina (Al2O3), and one of dysprosia (Dy2O3) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3). This frit seal material can withstand a higher operating temperature so that the length of the capillaries can be reduced compared to those sealed with conventional frit seal material.
US07936124B2	Organic light emitting diode device with brightness uniformity design An organic light emitting device (OLED) with brightness uniformity design comprises a substrate, an anode layer, a light emitting layer, a cathode layer, a plurality of anode leads and a plurality of cathode leads. The anode layer has a plurality of separate regions formed on the substrate respectively; the light emitting layer has a plurality of separate regions formed on the plurality of anode layer regions respectively; the cathode layer has a plurality of separate regions formed on the plurality of light emitting layer regions respectively. The anode leads with different cross-sectional areas are respectively connected to the regions of the anode layer, and the cathode leads with different cross-sectional areas are respectively connected to the regions of the cathode layer; the anode leads are connected to a positive input terminal of a power supply, and the cathode leads are connected to a negative input terminal of the power supply. The ratios of the lengths to the cross-sectional areas of the anode leads and cathode leads are the same, such that the currents flowing through the regions of the light emitting layer are the same.
US07936117B2	Structure of spark plug Disclosed is a park plug, which has a conductive plate constituting a side electrode, and a slot is defined through the conductive plate, so that no dead zone is present around the spark plug for a fuel injection system and thereby achieving more complete combustion. The spark plug is threadingly fit into a combustion chamber of an engine and employs a high-voltage electric current to generate spark for ignition and thus enabling combustion and explosion to generate power for driving movement of cylinders. Thus, by providing a slot in the conductive plate of the side electrode, a mixture gas of fuel and air inside the combustion chamber can be completely spread around the spark plug to thereby enhance combustion efficiency. This not only reduces fuel consumption and enhances horsepower, but also eliminates jamming of an injection engine due to less carbon deposition.
US07936115B2	Piezoelectric resonator element, piezoelectric resonator, and acceleration sensor A piezoelectric resonator element includes: a resonating arm extending in a first direction and cantilever-supported; a base portion cantilever-supporting the resonating arm; and an excitation electrode allowing the resonating arm to perform flexural vibration in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. In the piezoelectric resonator element, the resonating arm includes an adjusting part adjusting rigidity with respect to a bend in a third direction that is orthogonal to the first and second directions.
US07936112B2	Apparatus and method for converting energy Exemplary embodiments relate to an energy converting apparatus and a method for converting energy, which may convert energy of an applied signal into electrical energy. The energy converting apparatus may include at least one nanowire which resonates in response to the applied signal. The resonating nanowire may contact an electrode allowing a current to flow through the electrode and the nanowire by a Schottky contact between the electrode and the nanowire. The method for converting energy may include applying a signal to at least one nanowire to resonate the nanowire, and generating electrical energy through the contact between the resonating nanowire and an electrode.
US07936111B2	Apparatus for generating electrical energy and method for manufacturing the same An apparatus for generating electrical energy including a first electrode, a second electrode and one or more nanowires, and a method for manufacturing the apparatus for generating electrical energy. The second electrode may have a concave portion and a convex portion. The first electrode and the nanowire are formed of different materials. The nanowire is formed on the first electrode and is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. Because the nanowire is formed on the first electrode, the nanowire may be grown vertically and the uniformity and conductivity of the nanowires may be improved. When a stress is applied to the first electrode or the second electrode, the nanowire is deformed and an electric current is generated from the nanowire due to a piezoelectric effect of the nanowire and a Schottky contact between the nanowire and the electrode which makes contact with the nanowire. Accordingly, when the apparatus for generating electrical energy is bent or pressed in part, electrical energy is generated in response to the applied stress.
US07936108B2	Multi-layer piezoelectric element with electrodes made of glass and conductive material A multi-layer piezoelectric element of high durability wherein the internal electrodes and the external electrodes do not break even when operated continuously over a long period of time under high electric field and high pressure is provided. The first multi-layer piezoelectric element according to the present invention comprises a stack formed by stacking piezoelectric layers and internal electrodes alternately one on another and external electrodes formed on a first side face and on a second side face of the stack, wherein one of the adjacent internal electrodes is connected to the external electrode formed on the first side face and the other internal electrode is connected to the external electrode formed on the second side face, and the external electrodes include an electrically conductive material and glass and is formed from a porous electrically conductive material that has a three-dimensional mesh structure.
US07936106B2	Surface acoustic wave sensor device Provided herein is a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor device including a surface acoustic wave sensor and an oscillator corresponding to the surface acoustic wave sensor. A horizontal plane defined by the oscillator is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a horizontal plane defined by the surface acoustic wave sensor. The predetermined angle is greater than zero degrees.
US07936105B2	Audible brush wear indicator for rotating electric machines An electric machine incorporates a brush assembly that provides an audible warning when the brush in the brush assembly approaches the end of its useable length. The brush incorporates a device incorporated into the brush or a brush design which cooperates with the brush holder to generate the noise. The noise provides a warning to the user of the electric machine that the useable length of the brush material is near.
US07936103B2	Methods for fabricating a wedge system for an electric machine A method for assembling an electric machine is provided. The method includes providing a rotor having a cavity formed therein. At least one contoured recess is formed in a portion of the cavity. A wedge is inserted into the cavity. The wedge includes at least one contoured protrusion that is configured to mirror the at least one contoured recess of the cavity. The wedge is inserted such that the at least one contoured protrusion is positioned within the at least one contoured recess to facilitate positioning the wedge within the cavity. The at least one contoured protrusion and the at least one contoured recess are shaped to facilitate minimizing stresses within the rotor and the wedge.
US07936099B2	Electric motor stator The invention relates to a stator for an electronically switchable electric motor comprising a cylinder-shaped envelop and several poles, which are made of an ferromagnetic material and inwardly oriented in front of the cylinder axis (3), wherein said poles (P1 to P12) surround a cylindrical cavity for receiving the rotor (2), each pole (P1 to P12) is provided with a coil (L1 to L12) consisting of several wire windings in such a way that a magnetic armature is formed and the windings of coils (L1 to L12) are wound about the poles (P1 to P12) successively and without interruptions.
US07936093B2	Phase control switching device In a phase control switching device that controls a closing phase of a three-phase switching device connected between a power-supply-side transmission line and a compensation transmission line having a shunt reactor, a closing-phase control unit operates based on a closing command to the three-phase switching device, generates, for each phase, a closing phase in which the three-phase switching device is closed at zero points, both polarities of which are inverted into the same polarity, among zero points where zero points of a voltage changing ratio and zero points of the shunt reactor current coincide with each other, and controls the three-phase switching device.
US07936090B2	Driving circuit and method for driving current-driven devices At the driving initiation, whether the output channels are enabled or disabled is determined by judging whether the voltages of the output channels are changed by a charging or discharging operation. The current output sources corresponding to the disabled output channels are turned off for power-saving. In the voltage conversion, the status of the disabled output channels is ignored, for accurately control of the voltage conversion.
US07936088B2	Distributed power supply arrangement Distributed power supply arrangements and related methods are disclosed. Voltage is sensed at least one sense point in a power plane of a power distribution network. The power plane includes distributed source points and load points through which a plurality of power sources supply power to a plurality of loads. Currents supplied to the power plane by the power sources are regulated based on the voltage sensed at each of the at least one sense point.
US07936087B2	Switching controller for parallel power converters A switching controller for parallel power converters is disclosed. The switching controller includes an input circuit coupled to an input terminal of the switching controller to receive an input signal. An integration circuit is coupled to the input circuit to generate an integration signal in response to the pulse width of the input signal. A control circuit generates a switching signal for switching the power converters. The switching signal is enabled in response to the enabling of the input signal. A programmable delay time is generated between the input signal and the switching signal. The pulse width of the switching signal is determined in response to the integration signal.
US07936080B2	Wind turbine, a method for coupling a first drive train component of the drive train of a wind turbine to a second drive train component of the drive train and use of a wind turbine A wind turbine including a drive train. The drive train includes at least a rotor for transforming wind into rotation of a rotor hub, to provide a drive torque, a generator for transforming at least a part of the drive torque into electrical power, and at least one coupling for connecting a first drive train component to a second drive train component for transferring the drive torque between the components. The coupling includes a first coupling part with a first coupling area, the first coupling area being connected with a second coupling area of a second coupling part, whereby the drive torque is transferred from one of the areas to the other of the areas during operation of the coupling.
US07936078B2	Variable speed wind turbine having a constant speed generator A variable speed wind turbine including a variable speed rotor, a large constant speed generator, and a small variable speed generator is characterized by a three-shaft variable ratio gearbox connecting the shaft of the rotor with the two generator shafts. The variable ratio gearbox is an epicyclic gearbox which enables the combination of the high performance of a variable speed rotor with the low cost of a large constant speed generator. The torque of the small variable speed generator controls the rotor speed. Variable frequency power conditioning cost is less than that of a prior art variable speed wind turbine, reduced by the ratio of the rated capacity of the small generator to total rated capacity. Also, the small generator enables efficient low wind velocity energy capture. The low rotational inertia of the small variable speed generator further reduces drive train dynamic stress.
US07936072B2	Semiconductor device having dual damascene structure The semiconductor device includes multilayer wirings of a dual damascene structure. The multilayer wirings include a first wiring layer formed on a semiconductor substrate and a second wiring layer formed on the first wiring layer. The first wiring layer includes a first insulation film, plural first vias provided in the first insulation film, a second insulation film provided on the first insulation film, and a first wiring provided on the first vias and connected to those first vias in the second insulation film. The second wiring layer includes a third insulation film, plural second vias provided in the third insulation film, an adhesive layer provided on the third insulation film, a fourth insulation film provided on the adhesive layer, and a second wiring provided on the second vias and connected to those second vias in the fourth insulation film. In the first wiring layer, the aspect ratio L of a wiring having the minimum wiring width and the via aspect ratio V are in a relationship of L≧V and in the second wiring layer, the aspect ratio L of a wiring having the minimum wiring width and the via aspect ratio V is in a relationship of L
US07936071B2	Semiconductor device having a specified terminal layout pattern A semiconductor device comprises a semiconductor substrate that is provided with an integrated circuit; a multi-layered member that is installed in the semiconductor substrate, including a plurality of conductive members and an insulation member; and an external terminal formed on a part of the surface of the multi-layered member. A pair of the conductive members contacts with the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulation member directly under the external terminal, includes a portion where the conductive members are overlapped each other, and are electrically coupled to each other.
US07936065B2	Semiconductor devices and method of manufacturing them A semiconductor device is provided with a silicon substrate, with a surface for soldering the silicon substrate to a ceramic substrate, and an electrode making contact with the surface of the silicon substrate. The electrode comprises a first conductor layer, a second conductor layer, and a third conductor layer. The first conductor layer makes contact with the surface of the silicon substrate and includes aluminum and silicon. The second conductor layer makes contact with the first conductor layer and includes titanium. The third conductor layer is separated from the first conductor layer by the second conductor layer and includes nickel.
US07936064B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device, including: a semiconductor layer having an active region; a first conductive layer formed above the semiconductor layer and having a first width; a second conductive layer connected to the first conductive layer and having a second width smaller than the first width; an interlayer dielectric formed above the semiconductor layer; an electrode pad formed above the interlayer dielectric and covering the active region when viewed from a top side; and a forbidden region provided in the semiconductor layer in a specific range positioned outward from a line extending vertically downward from an edge of at least part of the electrode pad. A connection section at which the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are connected is not provided in the forbidden region.
US07936063B2	Carrier assembly for an integrated circuit A carrier assembly for an integrated circuit is disclosed. The carrier assembly has a retainer with electrical contacts for receiving the integrated circuit, and island defining portions arranged about the retainer. Each island defining portion is connected to neighboring island defining portions through a serpentine member. This connection allows resilient deflection between the island defining portions.
US07936061B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor device includes: a first insulating layer having an opening therethrough; a first wiring pattern disposed on the first insulating layer; an external connection terminal provided on a portion of the first wiring pattern exposed from the opening; a second insulating layer which covers the first wiring pattern and having via holes therethrough; a second wiring pattern disposed within the second insulating layer and electrically connected to the first wiring pattern via a conductive material filled in at least one of the via holes; a semiconductor element having an electrode thereon and mounted on the second insulating layer to be electrically connected to the first wiring pattern through the electrode disposed in at least one of the via holes; an underfill resin filled between the semiconductor element and the second insulating layer; and a sealing resin portion which seals the semiconductor element.
US07936060B2	Reworkable electronic device assembly and method An electronic device assembly is provided which includes a substrate, an interposer and an integrated circuit chip. The substrate is fabricated of a first material having a first thermal expansivity, and the interposer and integrated circuit chip are fabricated of a second material having a second thermal expansivity. The second thermal expansivity is different from the first thermal expansivity so that there is a coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the substrate and the interposer or chip. The interposer is coupled to the substrate via a first plurality of electrical contacts and an underfill adhesive at least partially surrounding the electrical contacts to bond the interposer to the substrate and thereby reduce strain on the first plurality of electrical contacts. The integrated circuit chip is coupled to the interposer via a second plurality of electrical contacts only, without use of an adhesive surrounding the second plurality of electrical contacts.
US07936059B1	Lead frame packaging technique with reduced noise and cross-talk Broadly speaking, the present invention fills these needs by providing a lead frame package including a substrate stack having opposed sides, one of which includes a plurality of signal traces, with the remaining side including a ground plane. An integrated circuit is mounted to the substrate stack. The integrated circuit includes a plurality of bond pads. A plurality of leads is in electrical communication with a subset of the plurality of signal traces. A plurality of electrically conductive elements placing a sub-group of the plurality of bond pads in electrical communication with a sub-part of the plurality of electrically leads by being bonded signal traces of the subset, spaced-apart from the plurality of leads.
US07936058B2	Stacked package and method for forming stacked package The present invention provides an inexpensive semiconductor chip module enabling sufficient heat dissipation without complicating the manufacture process.A semiconductor chip module according to the present invention includes a plurality of semiconductor chips to be stacked provided at the side face with a connection terminal to be coupled with a circuit pattern formed on the front face, interlayer wiring mutually connecting the connection terminals on the side faces of the respective semiconductor chips by a wiring pattern, and a formation space contributing to heat dissipation, formed between at least some layers of the semiconductor chips, to secure a formation face of the interlayer wiring.
US07936052B2	On-chip RF shields with backside redistribution lines Structures of a system on chip and methods of forming a system on chip are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of fabricating the system on chip includes forming a through substrate opening from a back surface of a substrate, the through substrate opening disposed between a first and a second region, the first region comprising devices for RF circuitry and the second region comprising devices for other circuitry. The method further includes forming patterns for redistribution lines on a photo resist layer, the photo resist layer disposed under the back surface, and filling the through substrate opening and the patterns for redistribution lines with a conductive material.
US07936048B2	Power transistor and power semiconductor device In a power semiconductor device, the vertically conducting power transistor has at its front side (11) a source zone (14) and a control input (16). A feedthrough for the control input has an electrode on the front side (11) and an electrode on the rear side (12), with the result that contact can be made with the control input both from the front side (11) and from the rear side (12).
US07936042B2	Field effect transistor containing a wide band gap semiconductor material in a drain A field effect transistor comprising a silicon containing body is provided. After formation of a gate dielectric, gate electrode, and a first gate spacer, a drain side trench is formed and filled with a wide band gap semiconductor material. Optionally, a source side trench may be formed and filled with a silicon germanium alloy to enhance an on-current of the field effect transistor. Halo implantation and source and drain ion implantation are performed to form various doped regions. Since the wide band gap semiconductor material as a wider band gap than that of silicon, impact ionization is reduced due to the use of the wide band gap semiconductor material in the drain, and consequently, a breakdown voltage of the field effect transistor is increased compared to transistors employing silicon in the drain region.
US07936041B2	Schottky barrier diodes for millimeter wave SiGe BICMOS applications The structure for millimeter-wave frequency applications, includes a Schottky barrier diode (SBD) with a cutoff frequency (FC) above 1.0 THz formed on a SiGe BiCMOS wafer. A method is also contemplated for forming a Schottky barrier diode on a SiGe BiCMOS wafer, including forming a structure which provides a cutoff frequency (Fc) above about 1.0 THz. In embodiments, the structure which provides a cutoff frequency (Fc) above about 1.0 THz may include an anode having an anode area which provides a cutoff frequency (FC) above about 1.0 THz, an n-epitaxial layer having a thickness which provides a cutoff frequency (FC) above about 1.0 THz, a p-type guardring at an energy and dosage which provides a cutoff frequency (FC) above about 1.0 THz, the p-type guardring having a dimension which provides a cutoff frequency (FC) above about 1.0 THz, and a well tailor with an n-type dopant which provides a cutoff frequency (FC) above about 1.0 THz.
US07936039B2	Backside illuminated CMOS image sensor with photo gate pixel A pixel for a CMOS photo sensor with increased full well capacity is disclosed. The pixel having a photosensitive element, a photo gate, potential well and a readout circuit. The photosensitive element having a front side and a back side, for releasing charge when light strikes the back side of the photosensitive element. The potential well receives the released charge from the photosensitive element. The photo gate located on the front side of the photosensitive element, for transferring the released charge from the potential well to a sense node. The readout circuit coupled to the sense node, for measuring a voltage corresponding to the released charge transferred to the sense node.
US07936037B2	Photoelectric conversion device and manufacturing method of the same, and a semiconductor device A photo-sensor having a structure which can suppress electrostatic discharge damage is provided. Conventionally, a transparent electrode has been formed over the entire surface of a light receiving region; however, in the present invention, the transparent electrode is not formed, and a p-type semiconductor layer and an n-type semiconductor layer of a photoelectric conversion layer are used as an electrode. Therefore, in the photo-sensor according to the present invention, resistance is increased an electrostatic discharge damage can be suppressed. In addition, positions of the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer, which serve as an electrode, are kept away; and thus, resistance is increased and withstand voltage can be improved.
US07936036B2	Solid-state image sensor with two different trench isolation implants A solid-state image sensor includes: a trench isolation region; a photodiode region for converting incident light to signal charges and accumulating the signal charges therein; a floating diffusion region for accumulating the signal charges of the photodiode region; a gate electrode formed over the element formation region located between the photodiode region and the floating diffusion region, and formed so that both ends of the gate electrode respectively overlap a part of the photodiode region and a part of the floating diffusion region; and an inactive layer formed in a region located in a bottom portion and sidewall portions of the trench isolation region. An impurity concentration in a region located under the gate electrode in the inactive layer is lower than that in a region other than the region located under the gate electrode in the inactive layer.
US07936032B2	Film type package for fingerprint sensor A thin-film fingerprint sensor package primarily comprises a fingerprint sensor chip, a plurality of bumps, a wiring film with a plurality of leads and at least an encapsulant to encapsulate the bumps. A sensing area is formed on an active surface of the fingerprint sensor chip. The bumps are disposed on the active surface and located at two opposing sides of the sensing area. The wiring film has an opening to expose the sensing area. Each lead has an inner end and an outer end. The inner ends are located at two opposing sides of the opening and are bonded to the bumps. Preferably, the wiring film has a flexible extension and the outer ends of the leads are rerouted to the extension for external electrical connections.
US07936030B2	Methods of operating semiconductor memory devices including magnetic films having electrochemical potential difference therebetween Provided are a multi-purpose magnetic film structure using a spin charge, a method of manufacturing the same, a semiconductor device having the same, and a method of operating the semiconductor memory device. The multi-purpose magnetic film structure includes a lower magnetic film, a tunneling film formed on the lower magnetic film, and an upper magnetic film formed on the tunneling film, wherein the lower and upper magnetic films are ferromagnetic films forming an electrochemical potential difference therebetween when the lower and upper magnetic films have opposite magnetization directions.
US07936018B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes an active zone doped according to a first type; a drain zone formed in the active zone and doped according to a second type; a source zone formed in the active zone and doped according to the second type; an insulated gate zone separated from the active zone by an insulating layer; a deep well, doped according to the second type such that the active zone is located between the gate zone and the well; a floating gate zone formed in the active zone under a space existing between the drain zone and the source zone, the floating gate zone including defects introducing deep levels in the bandgap of the semiconductor material, the deep levels being suited to trap carriers corresponding to the first type such that a charge state of the floating gate zone is modified and a drain source current varies due to the presence of a supplementary potential on the floating gate zone, a concentration of defects in the floating gate zone being strictly greater than 1018 cm−3.
US07936008B2	Structure and method for forming accumulation-mode field effect transistor with improved current capability An accumulation-mode field effect transistor includes a drift region of a first conductivity type, channel regions of the first conductivity type over and in contact with the drift region, and gate trenches having sidewalls abutting the channel regions. The gate trenches extend into and terminate within the drift region. The transistor further includes a first plurality of silicon regions of a second conductivity type forming P-N junctions with the channel regions along vertical walls of the first plurality of silicon regions. The first plurality of silicon regions extend into the drift region and form P-N junctions with the drift region along bottoms of the first plurality of silicon regions.
US07936004B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device and manufacturing method thereof A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of the memory strings, in which a plurality of electrically programmable memory cells is connected in series. The memory strings comprise a pillar shaped semiconductor; a first insulation film formed around the pillar shaped semiconductor; a charge storage layer formed around the first insulation film; a second insulation film formed around the charge storage layer; and first or nth electrodes formed around the second insulation film (n is natural number more than 1). The first or nth electrodes of the memory string and the first to nth electrodes of at least two other memory strings which are adjacent to the memory string in two directions are shared as first to nth conductor layers spread in two dimensions.
US07935983B2	Nitride semiconductor device A nitride semiconductor device includes: a substrate containing Si; a channel layer provided on the substrate and made of nitride semiconductor material; a barrier layer provided on the channel layer and made of nitride semiconductor material; a first and second main electrode connected to the barrier layer; and a control electrode provided between the first main electrode and the second main electrode on the barrier layer. The substrate includes at least one layer having a resistivity of 1 kΩ/cm or more.
US07935980B2	Method of manufacturing a semiconductor light-emitting device A semiconductor light-emitting device having a high light emission property and preventing an electrode from being peeled off during wire bonding. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor light-emitting device 1 in which an n-type semiconductor layer (13), a light-emitting layer (14), and a p-type semiconductor layer (15) are formed on a substrate (11), a transparent positive electrode (16) is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer (15), a positive electrode bonding pad (17) is formed on the transparent positive electrode (16), and a negative electrode bonding pad (18) is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer (13).
US07935977B2	Method of manufacturing organic light emitting device and organic light emitting device manufactured by using the method Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device, an organic light emitting device manufactured by using the method, and an electronic device including the organic light emitting device. The method includes (a) forming an insulating layer on a lower electrode, (b) etching the insulating layer to form an opening ranging from an upper surface of the insulating layer to the lower electrode so that an overhang structure having a lowermost circumference that is larger than an uppermost circumference is formed, (c) forming a conductive layer on an upper surface of the lower electrode in the opening and a surface of the insulating layer other than the overhang structure, (d) forming an organic material layer on the conductive layer formed on the upper surface of the lower electrode in the opening, and (e) forming an upper electrode on an upper surface of the conductive layer disposed on the upper surface of the insulating layer and an upper surface of the organic material layer.
US07935971B2	Light emitting diode module The present invention relates to a light emitting diode module capable of facilitating the connection between light emitting diode modules.The present invention provides a light emitting diode module including an insulating layer, a first circuit pattern layer and a second circuit pattern layer which are stacked on a top surface and a bottom surface of the insulating layer respectively and have one ends protruding to an outside of the insulating layer and the other ends positioned inside the insulating layer, a solder resist layer coated on the first circuit pattern layer, a first via formed vertically through a portion of the solder resist layer to be electrically connected to the first circuit pattern layer, a second via formed vertically through a portion of the solder resist layer and the insulating layer to be electrically connected to the second circuit pattern layer and a light emitting element mounted on the solder resist layer.
US07935967B2	Light-emitting device, liquid-crystal display device and method for manufacturing same The present invention provides a structure of a semiconductor device that realizes low power consumption even where increased in screen size, and a method for manufacturing the same. The invention forms an insulating layer, forms a buried interconnection (of Cu, Au, Ag, Ni, Cr, Pd, Rh, Sn, Pb or an alloy thereof) in the insulating layer. Furthermore, after planarizing the surface of the insulating layer, a metal protection film (Ti, TiN, Ta, TaN or the like) is formed in an exposed part. By using the buried interconnection in part of various lines (gate line, source line, power supply line, common line and the like) for a light-emitting device or liquid crystal display device, line resistance is decreased.
US07935965B1	Test structures and methods for electrical characterization of alignment of line patterns defined with double patterning A test vehicle and method for electrical characterization of misalignment, for example resulting from double patterning processes, that enables characterization of patterns on wafers which have finished processing. It includes a structure and method for measurement of a space-sensitive electrical parameter to characterize gaps between features of different sub-patterns on a semiconductor wafer portion, and may further comprise a test structure for measuring feature dimensions.
US07935954B2	Artificial band gap A method is disclosed for the induction of a suitable band gap and electron emissive properties into a substance, in which the substrate is provided with a surface structure corresponding to the interference of electron waves. Lithographic or similar techniques are used, either directly onto a metal mounted on the substrate, or onto a mold which then is used to impress the metal. In a preferred embodiment, a trench or series of nano-sized trenches are formed in the metal.
US07935952B2	Non-volatile memory device having threshold switching resistor, memory array including the non-volatile memory device and methods of manufacturing the same Provided are a non-volatile memory device having a threshold switching resistor, a memory array including the non-volatile memory device, and methods of manufacturing the same. A non-volatile memory device having a threshold switching resistor may include a first resistor having threshold switching characteristics, an intermediate electrode on the first resistor, and a second resistor having at least two resistance characteristics on the intermediate electrode.
US07935951B2	Composite chalcogenide materials and devices An electrical device includes a composite switching material. The composite switching material includes an electrically switchable component and a non-switchable component. In one embodiment, the composite switching material includes a heterogeneous mixture of at least one chalcogenide material and at least one dielectric material. The composite switching material is disposed between two electrodes and the switchable component is transformable from a resistive state to a conductive state upon application of a voltage between the two electrodes, without changing phase.
US07935945B2	Ion implantation method and apparatus Using a beam current of an ion beam, and a dose amount to a substrate, and an initial value of a scan number of the substrate set to 1, a scan speed of the substrate is calculated. If the scan speed is within the range, the current scan number and the current scan speed are set as a practical scan number and a practical scan speed, respectively. If the scan speed is higher than the upper limit of the range, the calculation process is aborted. If the scan speed is lower than the lower limit of the range, the scan number is incremented by one to calculate a corrected scan number. A corrected scan speed is calculated by using the corrected scan number, etc. The above steps are repeated until the corrected scan speed is within the allowable scan speed range.
US07935939B2	Radiotherapy apparatus controller and radiation irradiation method A radiotherapy apparatus controller includes: a movement collection section; a sensor control section configured to change a first time interval in which a second sensor measures a position of an irradiation area in the subject, based on the movement information; and an irradiation control section. The movement collection section collects movement information indicating a movement of a subject from a first sensor. The sensor control section changes a first time interval in which a second sensor measures a position of an irradiation area in the subject, based on the movement information. The irradiation control section controls a radiotherapy apparatus such that therapeutic radiation irradiated to the irradiation area is changed based on the position.
US07935938B2	Apparatus for measuring fluorescent material in a liquid An apparatus (10) for measuring, in particular, the amount of oil present in a quantity of water. The apparatus comprises a measurement chamber (12) having an optical window (18) through which an excitation signal may be transmitted and fluorescent light may be detected. The apparatus further includes an ultrasonic transducer (34) coupled to the measurement chamber and having a pair of channels (44,45) formed therein, the channels opening onto the measurement window (18). A respective light guide (28) is inserted into each channel, one light guide being arranged to deliver the excitation signal into the chamber through the measurement window, the other being arranged to carry fluorescent light from the chamber.
US07935934B2	Photosensor and photo IC equipped with same The photosensor comprises an insulating layer formed over the silicon substrate; an ultraviolet photosensitive element formed over the insulating layer and having a first diffusion layer, a second diffusion layer provided spaced away from the first diffusion layer, and a third diffusion layer connected with the first diffusion layer and the second diffusion layer respectively; and a visible light photosensitive element formed over the insulating layer with being spaced away from the ultraviolet photosensitive element, and having a fourth diffusion layer, a fifth diffusion layer provided spaced away from the fourth diffusion layer, and a sixth diffusion layer connected with the fourth diffusion layer and the fifth diffusion layer respectively.
US07935933B2	Detector for an x-ray imaging system A detector is provided for an x-ray imaging system. The detector includes a photosensitive region with an area less than half of an area of a scintillator cell, from which the photosensitive region receives light.
US07935926B2	Inspection equipment for fine pattern and morphology using microcolumn Inspection equipment using a microcolumn is disclosed. The inspection equipment of the present invention can conduct inspection of a fine circuit, which could not be conducted using conventional optical inspection equipment. Furthermore, the present invention can rapidly inspect a display, having a relatively large area, and can have a precise inspection function and a repair function. The inspection equipment of the present invention includes a plurality of microcolumns, a shaft, to which the microcolumns are coupled, and which is disposed in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which an object is moved, and a detector for detecting electron beams radiated from the microcolumns onto the object to determine whether errors exist in a circuit of the object.
US07935924B2	Batch fabricated rectangular rod, planar MEMS quadrupole with ion optics A quadrupole mass filter (QMF) is provided. The QMF includes a plurality of rectangular shaped electrodes aligned in a symmetric manner to generate a quadrupole field. An aperture region is positioned in a center region parallel to and adjacent to each of the rectangular shaped electrodes. An incoming ion stream enters the aperture region so as to be controlled by the quadrupole field.
US07935915B2	Induction heating apparatus for heat treating a section of pipe A heating apparatus for heating a pipe prior to performing a welding operation, an interpass welding operation, or a hydrogen bake-out operation is provided. The heating apparatus comprises at least one heating collar placed on one side of a pipe weld joint and a control mechanism for controlling the thermal energy transferred from the heating apparatus to the pipe.
US07935895B2	Structuring and circuitizing printed circuit board through-holes Methods and apparatus for creating independent circuit connections within a through-hole of a substrate are described. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method includes defining a through-hole in a substrate, applying a conductive plating to a holewall of the through-hole, and selectively removing at least a first area of the plating. The through-hole has a height relative to a first axis, and the perimeter of the through-hole at each point along the first axis is approximately the same. Selectively removing the first area of the plating includes defining second areas of the plating. At least one of the plurality of second areas does not span a height of the hole.
US07935890B2	Gas blocking, high temperature conductor-insulation adhesive An adhesive composition includes 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin polymer derived from an olefin monomer copolymerized with at least one co-monomer that is different form the olefin monomer; 1˜100 parts by weight of an adhesion promoting agent comprising a polybutadiene polymer, which has a molecular weight of 1,000˜10,000 and has an anhydride group grafted thereon; 0.1˜5 parts by weight of an antioxidant; and 0.5˜15 parts by weight of a curative agent. An adhesive composition includes 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin polymer derived from an olefin monomer copolymerized with at least one co-monomer that is different form the olefin monomer, where in the polyolefin polymer comprises an anhydride group grafted thereon; 0.1˜5 parts by weight of an antioxidant; and 0.5˜15 parts by weight of a curative agent.
US07935874B2	Enhancing yields of harvested plant seeds by treating sowing seeds with selected doses of a physical plant stressor The present invention relates to a method of enhancing the yield of harvested seed in plants by the application of selected doses of a physical plant stressor such as UV-C light (253.7 nm), X-rays, gamma ray, and electron beam irradiation to sowing seeds. This method can be used alone to enhance seed yield or in combination with standard seed treatments.
US07935872B2	Cotton variety MX0622B2RF The invention relates to the novel cotton variety designated MX0622B2RF. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants, plant parts and derivatives of the cotton variety MX0622B2RF. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the cotton variety MX0622B2RF and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing cotton plants by crossing the cotton variety MX0622B2RF with itself or another cotton variety and plants produced by such methods.
US07935870B2	Plants and seeds of spring canola variety SCV354718 A canola line designated SCV354718 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of canola line SCV354718, to the plants of canola SCV354718, to plant parts of canola line SCV354718 and to methods for producing a canola plant produced by crossing canola line SCV354718 with itself or with another canola line. The invention also relates to methods for producing a canola plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic canola plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to canola lines or breeding lines and plant parts derived from canola line SCV354718, to methods for producing other canola lines, lines or plant parts derived from canola line SCV354718 and to the canola plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid canola seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the line SCV354718 with another canola line.
US07935867B2	Spinach line SSB66-1087F The invention provides seed and plants of the spinach line designated SSB66-1087F. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of spinach line SSB66-1087F, and to methods for producing a spinach plant produced by crossing a plant of spinach line SSB66-1087F with itself or with another spinach plant, such as a plant of another line. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of a plant of spinach line SSB66-1087F, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.
US07935864B2	Spinach line SMB66-1100M The invention provides seed and plants of the spinach line designated SMB66-1100M. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of spinach line SMB66-1100M, and to methods for producing a spinach plant produced by crossing a plant of spinach line SMB66-1100M with itself or with another spinach plant, such as a plant of another line. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of a plant of spinach line SMB66-1100M, including the fruit and gametes of such plants.
US07935854B2	Stilbene derivative, light-emitting element, display apparatus, and electronic appliance An object of the present invention is to provide a novel material having heat resistance which provides blue light emission, and a light-emitting element, a display apparatus, and an electronic appliance using the material. Aspects of the invention are a stilbene derivative represented by the following general formula (1), the light-emitting element in which a layer containing a light-emitting material interposed between two electrodes is included and the stilbene derivative is contained in the layer containing a light-emitting material, the display apparatus including the light-emitting element, and the electronic appliance including the display apparatus.
US07935845B2	Process and apparatus for manufacturing aromatic carboxylic acids including pure forms thereof A process and apparatus for manufacture of aromatic carboxylic acids comprises a liquid phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbon feed materials and treatment of a high pressure off-gas from the liquid phase oxidation to separate water and reaction solvent and preferentially apportion liquid phase oxidation by-product species between gas and liquid phase resulting from separation. Processes for making pure forms of aromatic carboxylic acid also are included.
US07935838B2	Process for production of steroid compound The present invention relates to a process for production of a steroid compound having a partial structure represented by Formula (2) by oxidizing a steroid compound having a partial structure represented by Formula (1), without the need of any special apparatus, in a safe and economical manner, with less adverse affect on environment, in a simple and high efficient manner. Specifically, the invention relates to a process for producing a steroid compound having a partial structure of ring A and ring B of the steroid skeleton represented by Formula (2): wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or C1-6 alkyl group, comprising the step of reacting a steroid compound having a partial structure of ring A and ring B of the steroid skeleton represented by Formula (1): wherein R is the same as above; with a catalytic amount of copper halide in the presence of oxygen.
US07935837B2	Process for synthesis of androstane 17-β carbothioic acid and relative compounds thereof A process for synthesis of androstane 17-β carbothioic acid is provided. The process includes mixing an androstane 17-β carboxylic acid and a coupling reagent, and adding an alkanethioic acid to form an androstane 17-β carbothioic acid, wherein the androstane 17-β carbothioic acid has the formula (I): wherein R1 represents hydrogen or haloalkyl groups, R2 represents C1-8 linear alkyl groups, C1-8 branched alkyl groups, C1-6 unsaturated acyclic groups or aromatic groups, R3 represents hydrogen or hydroxyl, R4 represents hydrogen, bromine, chlorine or fluorine and R5 represents hydrogen, bromine, chlorine or fluorine. The process is a one-pot reaction.
US07935831B2	Process for the preparation of 2-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives The present invention is aimed at a process for the preparation of compounds of the general formula (I). The objective process is in this case based on the Michael reaction of compounds of the general formula (III) with compounds of the general formula (IV), with subsequent hydrogenation and cyclization of the intermediates of the formula (II) obtained.
US07935819B2	Cyclic urea derivatives, preparation thereof and pharmaceutical use thereof as kinase inhibitors Compounds of formula (I): wherein Ra, Rb, R, X1 and X2 are as defined in the disclosure, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds, processes for making and methods of using the same are provided.
US07935817B2	Salt form and cocrystals of adefovir dipivoxil and processes for preparation thereof Provided are a cocrystal of Adefovir dipivoxil and nicotinamide as well as a cocrystal of Adefovir dipivoxil and salicylamide cocrystal and processes for the preparation thereof.
US07935816B2	Molecular transporter compositions comprising dendrimeric oligoguanidine with a triazine core that facilitate delivery into cells in vivo Preparations of novel molecular transporter compositions and their use for transporting bioactive substances into cells in living animals are disclosed. To afford in vivo delivery, the composition is covalently linked to the bioactive substance and the resultant composite structure is introduced into the subject. The transporter composition includes multiple guanidine moieties on a dendrimeric scaffold having a triazine core.
US07935814B2	Nitroguanosine-3′ 5′-cyclic monophosphate compound and protein kinase G activating agent An object of the present invention is to provide a novel compound that is an agonist of guanosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate and has an effect of activating protein kinase G. The present invention provides 8-guanosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate compound which is represented by the following formula, and a pharmaceutical composition, especially a protein kinase G activating agent, which contains the 8-guanosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate compound as an active ingredient.
US07935811B2	Apparatus and system having dry gene silencing compositions A reverse transfection apparatus can be used for introducing siRNA into a cell to effect gene silencing. Such an apparatus can include a well plate having a well configured for transfecting cells. The well can include a substantially dry gene silencing composition that has at least a first siRNA which silences a first target gene. The gene silencing composition can be configured such that the at least first siRNA is capable of being solubilized or suspended in an aqueous medium in an amount sufficient for transfecting cells in the well. Additionally, the at least first siRNA can include a modification or a conjugate. The reverse transfection apparatus can be provided as a kit or system that additionally includes cells, polynucleotide carriers, reverse transfection reagents, and the like.
US07935777B2	Polycarbonate compositions Polycarbonate compositions are disclosed. The compositions comprise a polycarbonate polymer (A) having repeating units derived from 2-phenyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalimidine (PPPBP); a polycarbonate polymer (B) which is different from polymer (A); an impact modifier (C) which is different from polymer (A) and polymer (B); and talc filler (D). The resulting composition has an improved combination of properties, particularly heat resistance, low temperature impact performance, and viscosity.
US07935774B2	Particulate water-absorbent polymer and production method thereof An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a particulate water-absorbent polymer particle having remarkably improved long-term color stability, without an adverse effect (such as a delay in polymerization) on synthesis of the particulate water-absorbent polymer. The method includes the steps of polymerizing a monomer aqueous solution (B) containing (i) at least one type of monomer (A) that is capable of forming a particulate water-absorbent polymer by polymerization, (ii) at least one type of crosslinking agent, (iii) at least one type of polymerization initiator and (iv) an organophosphorus compound in an amount of not less than 1 but not more than 100 ppm by mass with respect to the monomer (A) so as to form a hydrogel polymer, and drying the hydrogel polymer. The method enables to provide an excellent particulate water-absorbent polymer that realizes (i) long-term color stability and improvement in urine tolerance and (ii) absorbing property, which are in such a trade-off relationship. In this way, the above object is attained.
US07935761B2	Process for preparing articles The present invention relates to a process for preparing a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) comprising: contacting a thermoplastic polymer, a cross-linkable elastomer, at least one curative, and at least one cure activator in a solvent to form Composition A. The solvent is then removed, and thereafter the cross-linkable elastomer is at least partially cured. The average particle size of the cross-linkable elastomer is 10 microns or less after the solvent is removed.
US07935760B2	Process of making a heterogeneous polymer blend In a process for producing a heterogeneous polymer blend, at least one first monomer is polymerized in a first reaction zone in the presence of a supported catalyst to produce a thermoplastic first polymer having a crystallinity of at least 30%. At least part of said first polymer is then contacted with at least one second monomer and at least one polyene in a second reaction zone under conditions sufficient to polymerize said second monomer to produce a second polymer having a crystallinity of less than 20%. The second polymer is at least partially cross-linked in the second reaction zone such that at least a fraction of the second polymer is insoluble in xylene and such that the first and second polymers form different phases of the blend.
US07935759B2	Golf ball with heat resistant shield layer The present invention is directed to a golf ball comprising a shield layer having heat resistant properties to facilitate compression molding of a thermosetting polybutadiene-comprising layer over at least one thermoplastic layer. The invention utilizes a thermoplastic inner core comprising of a low vicat highly neutralized ionomer material having a low melting point of less than 100° C., and a Shore C surface hardness of less than 80 and a compression of less than 70, wherein a shield layer is placed around the low vicat softening point temperature thermoplastic to shield it from the high heat necessary to mold a thermoset material about it.
US07935749B2	Production of warm-mix asphalt compositions utilizing a polyhydric alcohol Rubber particles in a water and polyhydric alcohol solution are added to an asphalt whereby the polyhydric alcohol substantially coats the rubber particles resulting in an easily mixed composition with the mixing temperature being reduced to a range of from about 250° F. to about 310° F. resulting in considerable energy savings. In a similar manner, a filler can be substantially coated by polyvinyl alcohol-water solution and the same blended with an asphalt and mixed at reduced temperatures. Another embodiment relates to the utilization of a polyhydric alcohol that is added to an asphalt and mixed therewith at reduced temperatures.
US07935745B2	Self-assembled nanofiber templates; versatile approaches for polymer nanocomposites Polymer nanocomposites, nanoparticle-containing organogels utilized in forming the polymer nanocomposites, and methods for forming the polymer nanocomposites and nanoparticle-containing organogels are disclosed. Relatively simple and versatile methods are utilized to form the polymer nanocomposites. The process is based on the format of a three-dimensional network of well-individualized nanoparticles, such nanofibers through gelation thereof with an appropriate non-polymeric solvent. The nanoparticle-containing organogel is subsequently filled with a solution of a desired matrix polymer, the composite is dried and compacted to create the polymer nanocomposite. Polymer nanocomposites can be prepared which exhibit dramatic changes in mechanical properties, such as increased shear modulus, when compared to the neat polymer.
US07935744B2	Artificial marble having quartz effect using transparent chip and process for preparing the same An artificial marble using transparent chips, and a process for preparing the same, in which transparent chips are prepared by crushing a flat plate made of a composite for the artificial marble, which does not contain an inorganic filler and thus maintains transparency, quartz chips are prepared by crushing a flat plate made of a mixture of the transparent chips and a composite for the artificial marble, which contains an inorganic filler, for uniforming the specific gravity of the quartz chips, and the artificial marble is prepared by applying the quartz chips to a raw material composite for the artificial marble, thereby allowing the artificial marble to have the uniform specific gravity and exhibit a quartz effect.
US07935738B2	Transparent flexible film and fabrication method thereof A transparent flexible film is provided, formed by curing a composition, comprising: about 40-75 parts by weight of a clay; about 15-45 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer; about 1-10 parts by weight of a mono-functional acrylic oligomer of formula (I), wherein n1 is an integer 2-25, R1 is C1-10 alkyl or H, and R2 is H or CH3; and about 10-45 parts by weight of a bi-functional acrylic oligomer of formula (II), wherein n2 is an integer 3-50, R3 and R4 are H or CH3.
US07935736B2	Method for recycling polyesters or polyester mixtures from polyester-containing waste The invention relates to a method for recycling polyesters or polyester mixtures from polyester-containing waste, in which the polyester or the polyester mixture is dissolved in a solvent and subsequently free-flowing particles are precipitated herefrom with a precipitant. The precipitant is thereby chosen such that subsequent separation of precipitant and solvent is made possible in a simple manner.
US07935732B2	Antimicrobial compositions What is described herein are antimicrobial compositions which are defined blends of a 1,2-diol and phenoxyethanol which show broad activity against bacteria, fungi and mold spores. This activity is potentiated by the addition thereto of small amounts of a co-biocide for which the blend acts as a delivery system for the otherwise water-insoluble co-biocide.
US07935725B2	Aryl-substituted bridged or fused diamines as modulators of leukotriene A4 hydrolase Aryl-substituted bridged or fused diamine compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods of using the compounds and the pharmaceutical compositions for leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H or LTA4H) modulation and for the treatment of disease states, disorders, and conditions mediated by LTA4H activity, such as allergy, asthma, autoimmune diseases, pruritis, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, and cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis and prevention of myocardial infarction.
US07935723B2	Use of organic compounds A method for improving glucose control by administering metformin in combination with a DPP-IV inhibitor to a patient in need thereof, in an amount sufficient to control the glucose level over an extended period of time.
US07935716B2	Carboxamide compound and use of the same A carboxamide compound represented by the formula (I): [wherein Q represents a nitrogen-containing 5-membered heterocyclic group optionally fused with a benzene ring, R1 represents a C1-C3 alkyl group or the like, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or the like, and R3 represents a hydrogen atom.] has an excellent plant disease controlling effect.
US07935709B2	2-quinazolinone compounds and methods of use The present invention comprises a new class of compounds useful for the prophylaxis and treatment of pro-inflammatory cytokine mediated diseases, including inflammation and related conditions. The compounds have a general Formula I wherein s, T, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are defined herein. The invention also comprises pharmaceutical compositions including one or more compounds of Formula I, methods of use such as treatment of p38 mediated diseases by administering the compounds of Formula I or compositions including the compounds of Formula I, and intermediates and processes useful for the preparation of compounds of Formula I.
US07935706B2	Nitrogen-containing heterocycle derivatives substituted with cyclic group It was found out that the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative represented by the formula (I) specifically binds to a receptor of NR1/NR2B, and is used as a NR2B receptor antagonist.A compound represented by: wherein Z is N or CR1, A1 is a nitrogen-containing aromatic monocyclic group which is optionally substituted, a nitrogen-containing aromatic fused cyclic group which is optionally substituted etc., A2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon cyclic group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, each optionally having a substituent, R1, R2, Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each independently hydrogen, hydroxy, etc., w is 2 or 3, t is 1 or 2, X is —(CR3R4)m-, —CO(CR3R4)n-, —CONR5(CR3R4)n- etc., m is an integer of 1 to 4, n is an integer of 0 to 4, R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, hydroxy etc., and R5 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or a solvate thereof.
US07935701B2	Microbicidal composition based on formaldehyde donor compounds and antioxidants Microbicidal composition for product preservation, including a microbicidal composition which comprises a) at least one formaldehyde donor compound and b) at least one antioxidant chosen from gallic esters, phenol derivatives, L-ascorbic acid, and salts and derivatives thereof, and tocopherols and derivatives thereof, and to the use thereof for the preservation of technical products, for example fuels and lubricants.
US07935699B2	Pyrazole glucokinase activators Disclosed herein are pyrazole glucokinase activators of the formula (I) useful for the treatment of metabolic diseases and disorders, preferably diabetes mellitus.
US07935687B2	Methods for treating spinal muscular atrophy using tetracycline compounds Methods for using tetracycline compounds for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy are described.
US07935685B2	Process for preparation of inclusion compounds between a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and betacyclodextrin by microwave treatment A process for the preparation of inclusion complexes of a drug (piroxicam or ibuprofen) and a cyclodextrin, characterised in that: a) the drug and cyclodextrin, in the form of finely divided powders, are mixed in the presence of aqueous or hydroalcoholic solutions, ammonia solutions or acid solutions; b) the resulting mixture is treated in a microwave oven; c) the resulting product is dried under vacuum at room temperature or with heating.
US07935678B2	Therapeutic use of CPG oligodeoxynucleotide for skin disease Disclosed is the therapeutic use of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides for skin diseases. The CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) of the present invention show excellent immunoactive effects against skin diseases in both cases of CpG ODNs with a phosphorothioate backbone and CpG ODNs with a phosphodiester backbone.
US07935675B1	Immunostimulatory nucleic acid molecules Nucleic acid sequences containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides that modulate an immune response including stimulating a Th1 pattern of immune activation, cytokine production, NK lytic activity, and B cell proliferation are disclosed. The sequences are also useful a synthetic adjuvant.
US07935673B2	Polyphenol glycoside isolated from acerola It is an objective of the present invention to provide a polyphenol glycoside isolated from acerola, which has a binding mode that has not been conventionally known, and to provide the use of the same.The present invention relates to a compound represented by formula (I): and an antioxidant, a glucosidase inhibitor, a food, a cosmetic, and a skin preparation for external use, each of which comprises such compound.
US07935672B2	Derivatives of genkwanin and sakuranetin, cosmetic and therapeutic use thereof and preparation method of same The invention relates to: (i) the use of osyl derivatives of genkwanin and sakuranetin having formula (I) in (a) cosmetics or dermatology and (b) therapeutics; (ii) the use of novel derivatives having formula (I) as industrial products; and (iii) the production method thereof [Formula (I)], wherein symbol [Formula (II)] represents a single or double bond, R represents H or an osyl residue, particularly with structure S1 or s2 [Formula (III)], Z represents H, an alkyl group at C1-C4, acyl at C1-C5, monosaccharide or sulphate.
US07935657B2	Recording medium for thermal transfer printers A recording medium for thermal transfer printers includes: a base layer; a dye accepting layer applied to a surface of the base layer; and an inorganic material aid layer which is interposed between the base layer and the dye accepting layer. The inorganic material and layer contains an organic binder resin, an inorganic material having a particle diameter of 10 μm or greater and a brightening agent. The recording medium has the inorganic material aid layer interposed between the base and the dye accepting layer, which facilitates transfer of a recording ribbon dye. As a result, stain and wrinkle free and clear image quality can be obtained and light resistance can also be improved.
US07935654B2	Oxide catalyst and phosphoric oxide catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking, method for preparing the same and method for preparing olefin by using the same The present invention relates to an oxide catalyst and a phosphoric oxide catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking, method for preparing the same and a method for preparing olefin by using the same. More precisely, the present invention relates to an oxide catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking represented by formula 1 and a phosphoric oxide catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking represented by formula 3 which would be used for the production of olefin such as ethylene and propylene by hydrocarbon steam cracking, and a method for preparing the same. The present invention provides an oxide catalyst and a phosphoric oxide catalyst for hydrocarbon steam cracking that has excellent thermo-stability at high temperature and improved olefin yield. CrZrjAkOx [Formula 1] CrZrjAkPlOx [Formula 3] Wherein, j, k, l and x are as indicated in the description.
US07935644B2	Machine for the production of non-woven material, adjustment procedure for the same and non-woven material produced thus A machine for producing a nonwoven feeds continuous filaments onto two surfaces that form a convergent passage. At least one of the surfaces is moving to drive the continuous filaments through the passage to form the nonwoven web. The continuous filaments have filament portions that are respectively received on the two surfaces to form spaced lateral web parts joined by a central web part formed by the continuous filament portions bridging the convergent passage. A vacuum is applied through the surfaces to assist placement of the filament portions and to direct the web as it emerges from the passage onto a horizontal take-up conveyor.
US07935640B2	Method for forming a damascene structure A method of forming a damascene structure comprises preparing a film stack on the substrate, wherein the film stack comprises a SiCOH-containing layer formed on the substrate, a silicon oxide (SiOx) layer formed on the SiCOH-containing layer, and a first mask layer formed on the silicon oxide layer. A trench pattern is created in the first mask layer. The trench pattern in the first mask layer is transferred to the silicon oxide layer, and then the first mask layer is removed. A second mask layer is formed on the silicon oxide layer. A via pattern is formed in the second mask layer. The via pattern is transferred to the SiCOH-containing layer using a first etching process, and then the second mask layer is removed. The trench pattern is transferred to the SiCOH-containing layer using a second etching process with plasma formed from a process composition comprising NF3.
US07935633B2	Poly etch without separate oxide decap The use of an ammonium hydroxide spike to a hot tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) solution to form an insitu poly oxide decapping step in a polysilicon (poly) etch process, results in a single step rapid poly etch process having uniform etch initiation and a high etch selectivity, that may be used in manufacturing a variety of electronic devices such as integrated circuits (ICs) and micro electro-mechanical (MEM) devices. The etching solution is formed by adding 35% ammonium hydroxide solution to a hot 12.5% TMAH solution at about 70° C. at a rate of 1% by volume, every hour. Such an etch solution and method provides a simple, inexpensive, single step self initiating poly etch that has etch stop ratios of over 200 to 1 over underlying insulator layers and TiN layers.
US07935628B2	Silicon carbide semiconductor device and method for producing the same A low on-resistance silicon carbide semiconductor device is provided to include an ohmic electrode of low contact resistance and high adhesion strength formed on a lower surface of silicon carbide. Specifically, the silicon carbide semiconductor device includes at least an insulating film, formed on an upper surface of a silicon carbide substrate, and includes at least an ohmic electrode, formed of an alloy comprising nickel and titanium, or formed of a silicide comprising nickel and titanium, and which is formed on the lower surface of the silicon carbide substrate.
US07935619B2	Polarity dependent switch for resistive sense memory Methods of forming polarity dependent switches for resistive sense memory are described. Methods for forming a memory unit include implanting dopant material more heavily in a source contact than a bit contact of a semiconductor transistor, and electrically connecting a resistive sense memory cell to the bit contact. The resistive sense memory cell is configured to switch between a high resistance state and a low resistance state upon passing a current through the resistive sense memory cell.
US07935616B2	Dynamic p-n junction growth Methods of fabricating semiconductor p-n junctions and semiconductor devices containing p-n junctions are disclosed in which the p-n junctions contain concentration profiles for the p-type and n-type dopants that are controllable and independent of a dopant diffusion profile. The p-n junction is disposed between a layer of semiconductor doped with a p-type dopant and a layer of semiconductor doped with an n-type dopant. The p-n junction is fabricated using a crystal growth process that allows dynamic control and variation of both p-type and n-type dopant concentrations during the crystal growth process.
US07935611B2	Method for manufacturing substrate for photoelectric conversion element A silicon layer having a conductivity type opposite to that of a bulk is provided on the surface of a silicon substrate and hydrogen ions are implanted to a predetermined depth into the surface region of the silicon substrate through the silicon layer to form a hydrogen ion-implanted layer. Then, an n-type germanium-based crystal layer whose conductivity type is opposite to that of the silicon layer and a p-type germanium-based crystal layer whose conductivity type is opposite to that of the germanium-based crystal layer are successively vapor-phase grown to provide a germanium-based crystal. The surface of the germanium-based crystal layer and the surface of the supporting substrate are bonded together. In this state, impact is applied externally to separate a silicon crystal from the silicon substrate along the hydrogen ion-implanted layer, thereby transferring a laminated structure composed of the germanium-based crystal and the silicon crystal onto the supporting substrate.
US07935606B2	Transistor manufacture A method in which an oxide layer is formed on material defining and surrounding an emitter window. The technique comprises depositing a non-conformal oxide layer on the surrounding material and in the emitter window, whereby the thickness of at least a portion of the oxide layer in the emitter window is smaller than the thickness of the oxide layer on the surrounding material outside the emitter window; and removing at least a portion of the oxide layer in the emitter window so as to reveal at least a portion of the bottom of the emitter window whilst permitting at least a portion of the oxide layer to remain on the surrounding material. The technique can be used in the manufacture of a self-aligned epitaxial base BJT (bipolar junction transistor) or SiGe HBT (hetero junction bipolar transistor).
US07935605B1	Lateral resurf NPN with high holding voltage for ESD applications In an ESD protection circuit an NPN BJT snapback device is provided with high breakdown voltage by including a RESURF region or by forming a PIN diode in the BJT. Holding voltage is increased by forming a sub-collector sinker region with the desired configuration.
US07935602B2	Semiconductor processing methods The invention includes methods of forming isolation regions. An opening can be formed to extend into a semiconductor material, and an upper periphery of the opening can be protected with a liner while a lower periphery is unlined. The unlined portion can then be etched to form a widened region of the opening. Subsequently, the opening can be filled with insulative material to form an isolation region. Transistor devices can then be formed on opposing sides of the isolation region, and electrically isolated from one another with the isolation region. The invention also includes semiconductor constructions containing an electrically insulative isolation structure extending into a semiconductor material, with the structure having a bulbous bottom region and a stem region extending upwardly from the bottom region to a surface of the semiconductor material.
US07935593B2	Stress optimization in dual embedded epitaxially grown semiconductor processing Embodiments of the present disclosure provide stress optimization during manufacturing of dual embedded epitaxially grown (EPI) semiconductor structures using just two masks, such as nFET and pFET open for embedded epitaxial using SiC and SiGe, and separated halo implantation masks for both horizontal and vertical PC
US07935588B2	Enhanced transistor performance by non-conformal stressed layers NFET and PFET devices with separately strained channel regions, and methods of their fabrication is disclosed. A stressing layer overlays the device in a manner that the stressing layer is non-conformal with respect the gate. The non-conformality of the stressing layer increases the amount of stress that is imparted onto the channel of the device, in comparison to stressing layers which are conformal. The method for overlaying in a non-conformal manner includes non-conformal deposition techniques, as well as, conformal depositions where subsequently the layer is turned into a non-conformal one by etching.
US07935579B2	Thin film transistor array substrate and method for fabricating the same A TFT array substrate includes a gate line, a gate electrode, and a gate pad on a substrate, each of which including stacked layers of a first metal and a transparent conductive material, respectively, a pixel electrode formed of the transparent conductive material, a gate insulation layer on the substrate including the gate line and the gate electrode, the gate insulation layer having first and second open areas exposing the pixel electrode and the gate pad, a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulation layer, a data line crossing the gate line to define a sub-pixel region, a source electrode diverging from the data line, a drain electrode spaced apart from the source electrode and connected to the pixel electrode, a data pad at an end of the data line; a masking layer covering the data line, the source electrode and the drain electrode, and an oxidation-prevention layer covering the gate pad and the data pad.
US07935572B2	Semiconductor multi-package module having package stacked over die-up flip chip ball grid array package and having wire bond interconnect between stacked packages A semiconductor multi-package module having stacked second and first packages, each package including a die attached to a substrate, in which the first and second package substrates are interconnected by wire bonding, and in which the first package is a flip chip ball grid array package in a die-up configuration. Also, a method for making a semiconductor multi-package module, by providing a first package including a first package substrate and having a die-up flip chip configuration, affixing a second package including a second package substrate an upper surface of the first package, and forming z-interconnects between the first and second package substrates.
US07935569B2	Components, methods and assemblies for stacked packages A bottom unit including a bottom unit semiconductor chip is mounted to a circuit board and one or more top elements such as packaged semiconductor chips are mounted to the bottom unit. Both mounting operations can be performed using the same techniques as commonly employed for mounting components to a circuit board. Ordinary packaged chips can be employed as the top elements, thereby reducing the cost of the assembly and allowing customization of the assembly by selecting packaged chips. The assembly achieves benefits similar to those obtained with a preassembled stacked chip unit, but without the expense of special handling of the bare dies included in the packaged chips.
US07935552B2	Ink composition and method of fabricating liquid crystal display device using the same Disclosed are an ink composition and a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the same, wherein in forming patterns of the LCD device using an imprint lithography and a roll printing, an ink composition with high thermal resistance, consisting of polymer resin and additive both endurable even at a high temperature is used to form fine patterns with constantly maintaining pattern linewidths and line intervals, the ink composition consisting of 5-45% by weight of polymer resin, 5-45% by weight of additive added to retain thermal stability, and 50-90% by weight of organic solvent, wherein the ink composition is endurable even at a high temperature of 90-250° C.
US07935544B2	Method of manufacturing organic light-emitting device The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting device which is applicable to a large-screen display device. The method includes the steps of: forming, over a drive substrate, an element region including a drive transistor, and an organic electroluminescence element in which, an anode, an organic layer and a cathode are stacked in this order; and after the formation of the element region, repairing a short circuit area while setting at least the element region in an atmosphere in which an oxygen concentration is 0.1% or higher and less than 1% and a dew point is −50 degrees or less, and applying a voltage across the anode and the cathode.
US07935541B2	Immunochromatography method using fragmented antibody An object of the present invention is to overcome the problem of nonspecific adsorption of a labeled antibody on the detection site and to provide an immunochromatography method by which the false positive signal can be suppressed, and wherein the detection sensitivity is high and the highly reliable measurement can be performed. The present invention provides an immunochromatography method, which comprises developing an analyte and a labeling substance modified with a first antibody against the analyte on a porous carrier in a state where the analyte and the labeling substance is mixed, and capturing the analyte and the labeling substance at the reaction site on the porous carrier having a second antibody against the analyte, so as to detect the analyte; wherein a fragmented antibody is used as the first antibody and/or the second antibody; an analyte is detected via amplification using an amplification solution which contains a compound containing silver and a reducing agent for silver ions; and the ratio of the non-specifically adsorbed labeling substance in the pre-amplification detection site and the non-detection site of the porous carrier is between 0.4 to 2.5 in a system where the density of the non-specifically adsorbed labeling substance is 106/mm2 or less.
US07935535B2	Nanostructure material with metallic oxide and method for detecting phosphorus-containing compounds The invention provides a nanostructure material with metallic oxide including a product fabricated by the following steps: condensing silicon oxide or titanium oxide with a surfactant, obtaining a mesoporous silicon oxide or titanium oxide; mixing the mesoporous silicon oxide or titanium oxide with a metal or metallic compound and subjecting the mixture to a heterogeneous nucleation. According to another embodiment of the invention, the nanostructure material can also be fabricated by the following steps: subjecting silicon oxide or titanium oxide and a carbon black template to a calcination; mixing the results with a metal or metallic compound; and subjecting the mixture to a second calcinations. Further, in the invention, a method for detecting phosphorus-containing compounds employing the aforementioned nanostructure material is also provided.
US07935521B2	Methods and compositions for rapidly detecting and quantifying viable Legionella Methods and compositions detect and quantify viable Legionella. Dip-slides that include an absorbent medium, growth promoting, and growth selective substances are useful in rapid detection and quantification of microcolonies of Legionella. Most probable number method of detection and quantification of Legionella are disclosed.
US07935515B2	Recombinant microalgae cells producing novel oils Disclosed herein are obligate heterotrophic microalgae cells containing an exogenous gene. In some embodiments the gene is a sucrose utilization gene, and further disclosed are methods of manufacturing triglyceride oils using sugar cane or sugar beets as a feedstock in a heterotrophic fermentation. In other embodiments the feedstock is depolymerized cellulosic material. Also disclosed are cells that produce medium chain fatty acids at levels not produced in non-recombinant cells of the same species and genus.
US07935513B2	Combinatorial DNA library for producing modified N-glycans in lower eukaryotes The present invention relates to eukaryotic host cells having modified oligosaccharides which may be modified further by heterologous expression of a set of glycosyltransferases, sugar transporters and mannosidases to become host-strains for the production of mammalian, e.g., human therapeutic glycoproteins. The invention provides nucleic acid molecules and combinatorial libraries which can be used to successfully target and express mammalian enzymatic activities such as those involved in glycosylation to intracellular compartments in a eukaryotic host cell. The process provides an engineered host cell which can be used to express and target any desirable gene(s) involved in glycosylation. Host cells with modified oligosaccharides are created or selected. N-glycans made in the engineered host cells have a Man5GlcNAc2 core structure which may then be modified further by heterologous expression of one or more enzymes, e.g., glycosyltransferases, sugar transporters and mannosidases, to yield human-like glycoproteins. For the production of therapeutic proteins, this method may be adapted to engineer cell lines in which any desired glycosylation structure may be obtained.
US07935509B2	Intracellular production of a nuclease Methods and compositions are provided that relate to obtaining a recombinant DNA and RNA cleaving nuclease. This involves the over-expression of a fusion protein between maltose-binding protein and a truncated nuclease in a soluble form in the cytoplasm of a host cell from which it can be readily extracted.
US07935507B2	Method for testing substances on biomatrices The invention relates to a method for testing one or several substances. According to said method, a tissue equivalent is cultivated, the substance/s is/are made to affect the tissue equivalent, and it is determined whether the effect of the substance/s has resulted in a modification of the tissue equivalent and/or the substance/s. The tissue equivalent comprises at least one cell and a porous matrix based on a biologically compatible polymer or polymer mixture. The matrix is provided with pores having a maximum size of 150 μm as well as pores having a minimum size of 300 μm while the degree of porosity is 93 to 98 percent.
US07935498B2	Methods for identifying patients with increased risk of an adverse cardiovascular event Methods, compositions and kits are disclosed for identifying patients with an increased risk of experiencing an adverse cardiovascular event where the patient is undergoing aspirin antiplatelet therapy. A platelet-containing sample from the patient is evaluated for platelet hyperactivity and platelet hyperactivity in the sample is related to the patient's risk of an adverse cardiovascular event. In some embodiments the evaluation for platelet hyperactivity is carried out by assessing the function of platelets in the sample using a high shear platelet function test.
US07935489B2	Methods and devices for analyte detection Methods for detecting one or more analytes, such as a protein, in a fluid path are provided. The methods include resolving, immobilizing and detecting one or more analytes in a fluid path, such as a capillary. Also included are devices and kits for performing such assays.
US07935488B2	Selective restriction fragment amplification: fingerprinting The invention relates to a process for the controlled amplification of at least one part of a starting DNA containing a plurality of restriction sites for a determined specific restriction endonuclease, and of which at least part of its nucleic acid is unknown. This technology can be applied to human, animal or plant DNA fingerprinting, to identify restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Also encompassed by the inventive technology are kits for the application of the process.
US07935487B2	Method of detecting tumor-associated DNA in plasma or serum from humans without cancer This invention relates to detection of specific extracellular nucleic acid in plasma or serum fractions of human or animal blood associated with neoplastic or proliferative disease. Specifically, the invention relates to detection of nucleic acid derived from mutant oncogenes or other tumor-associated DNA, and to those methods of detecting and monitoring extracellular mutant oncogenes or tumor-associated DNA found in the plasma or serum fraction of blood by using rapid DNA extraction followed by nucleic acid amplification with or without enrichment for mutant DNA. In particular, the invention relates to the detection, identification, or monitoring of the existence, progression or clinical status of benign, premalignant, or malignant neoplasms in human or other animals The invention permits the detection of extracellular, tumor-associated nucleic acid in the serum or plasma of humans or other animals recognized as having a neoplastic or proliferative disease or in individuals without any prior history or diagnosis of neoplastic or proliferative disease. The invention thereby provides methods for early identification of colorectal, pancreatic, lung, breast, bladder, ovarian, lymphoma and all other malignancies carrying tumor-related mutations of DNA and methods for monitoring cancer and other neoplastic disorders in humans and other animals.
US07935485B2	Genetic polymorphisms for identifying individuals at risk for drug-induced vestibular dysfunction In this application is described the identification of genetic variants that contribute to susceptibility to drug-induced vestibular dysfunction, more particularly, GM-induced vestibular dysfunction. Methods, compositions and kits for determining whether an individual has susceptibility for drug-induced vestibular dysfunction are disclosed.
US07935483B2	Method of effecting lysis of acid-fast bacteria and method of performing gene amplification or detection therewith A method of effecting lysis of acid-fast bacteria, comprising heating acid-fast bacteria in a liquid containing a non-ionic surfactant at a temperature of below the boiling point of the liquid. This method enables accomplishing secure lysis of acid-fast bacteria in a simple manner within a short period of time without the use of special apparatus and agent and enables extracting genes. The heating is preferably conducted at 96° C. for 10 min. As the nonionic surfactant, use can be made of a d-sorbitol fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene glycol sorbitan alkyl ester, a polyoxyethylene glycol p-t-octylphenyl ether or the like. The pH value of the liquid is preferably 8, and the liquid preferably contains EDTA. It is also preferred that before the heating, the acid-fast bacteria be treated with lipase.
US07935476B2	Negative laser sensitive lithographic printing plate having specific photosensitive composition High speed violet or ultraviolet laser sensitive lithographic printing plate comprising on a hydrophilic substrate a specific photosensitive composition is described. The photosensitive layer comprises an alkaline soluble polymeric binder, a multifunctional (meth)acrylate monomer, a free-radical initiator, and a sensitizing dye. The plate is imagewise exposed with a violet or ultraviolet laser at a dosage of less than 300 μJ/cm2, and then developed with an aqueous alkaline developer. Higher monomer to polymer weight ratio is advantageously used. A pigment is preferably incorporated into the photosensitive coating solution as a liquid dispersion. The exposed plate is preferably developed on a processor with an alkaline developer coupled with a replenisher having higher pH.
US07935471B2	NIR/IR curable coatings for light directed imaging An imaging medium comprises a substrate and an imaging composition disposed on the substrate. The imaging composition comprises a matrix, a thermochromic compound dispersed or dissolved in the matrix; and at least two photoinitiators dispersed or dissolved in the matrix.
US07935463B2	Reusable paper media with compatibility markings and printer with incompatible media sensor A reusable image forming medium, including a substrate; an imaging layer coated on or impregnated into the substrate, wherein an irradiation of the imaging layer produces an image; and a signature material coated on or impregnated into the substrate or the imaging layer, the signature material being detectable by a sensor.
US07935461B2	Phase shift mask blank, phase shift mask, and method for manufacturing phase shift mask blank Problem: There is a demand for a phase shift mask that makes it possible to decrease the film thickness of the phase shift film, can satisfy the requirement relating to pattern accuracy, without collapsing the OPC pattern, and enables control of optical characteristics and pattern defect inspection, and also for a phase shift mask blank as an original plate for such a phase shift mask.Means for Solving the Problems: A phase shift mask blank of the present invention has, on a transparent substrate, a phase shift film including, as main components, a metal, silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N), having optical characteristics of a transmittance of equal to or greater than 9% and equal to or less than 30% with respect to a wavelength of the ArF excimer laser beam and a phase difference of equal to or greater than 150° and less than 180°, and a light-shielding film formed on the phase shift film. A thickness of the phase shift film is equal to or less than 80 nm, and a refractive index (n) with respect to the wavelength of the ArF excimer laser beam is equal to or greater than 2.3, and an extinction coefficient (k) is equal to or greater than 0.28.
US07935450B2	Method for operation of an energy system, as well as an energy system An energy system, in at least one embodiment, includes an energy production device for production of energy for the energy system with the aid of an working medium, a superconductor for low-loss conduction of electrical energy in the energy system, and a cooling device for cooling of the superconductor with the aid of a liquid phase of a cooling medium. The liquid phase of the cooling medium is, according to at least one embodiment of the invention, produced in the cooling device by condensation of a gaseous phase of the cooling medium, with the condensation of the gaseous phase of the cooling medium taking place by heat transfer from the gaseous phase of the cooling medium to the working medium. The overall efficiency of the energy system can improved by the heat transfer step.
US07935446B2	Method for operating a fuel cell system and fuel cell system During the operation of a fuel-cell assembly, the latter is supplied with ambient air with the aid of a liquid ring pump. Any foreign matter that is contained in the air is taken up by the service fluid of the liquid ring pump. The charging of the service fluid with foreign matter is controlled. In particular, the service fluid is continuously conducted in an circuit via a purification device.
US07935437B2	Reversibly-activated nanostructured battery A battery includes a plurality of closed cells disposed in a predetermined feature pattern on at least a first surface of an electrode. Each of the closed cells has an inner surface. The battery also includes a plurality of cell electrodes. Each of the cell electrodes is disposed along a portion of the inner surface of a respective one of the closed cells in the plurality of closed cells.
US07935427B2	Magnesium alloy part and production method thereof A magnesium alloy part includes a part body composed of a magnesium alloy containing aluminum; a paint film at least partially covering the part body; and a magnesium fluoride layer provided immediately under the paint film. The magnesium alloy has an aluminum content of about 6.5 weight % or less.
US07935426B2	Layer arrangement for the formation of a coating on a surface of a substrate, coating method, and substrate with a layer arrangement The invention relates to a layer arrangement (1) for the formation of a coating on a surface (2) of a substrate (3), in particular on the surface (2) of a tool (3), wherein the layer arrangement comprises at least one hard layer (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) having the composition SiaBbMecNuCvOw with a,b>0 and 33 at %>c ≧0, preferably 25 at %>c≧0, in particular 10 at %>c≧0 and u,v,w≧0, and Me being a metal. Furthermore, the invention relates to a coating method for depositing a layer arrangement (1), as well as to a substrate (3), in particular a tool (3) or a wearing part (3) having a layer arrangement (1) according to the invention.
US07935421B2	Polyurea coatings for golf equipment A polyurea-based curable coating for use with sports equipment, such as golf balls, golf shoes, golf clubs, footballs, billiard balls, baseballs, and the like, of which the coating may be cured over time, with heat, or a combination thereof, providing enhanced adhesion to equipment surfaces, improved abrasion resistance, and increased water resistance.
US07935418B2	Functional porous fibres The invention relates to a method for the preparation of porous polymeric fibres comprising functionalized or active particles. By extruding a mixture of one or more dissolved polymers with particulate material a porous fibre is obtained in which the particulate material is entrapped. Extrusion of the fibre occurs under two-step phase inversion conditions. In particular the porous fibres can be used for the isolation of macromolecules such as peptides, proteins, nucleic acids or other organic compounds from complex reaction mixtures, in particular from fermentation broths. Another application is the immobilization of a catalyst in a reaction mixture.
US07935413B2	Layer system with layer having different grain sizes The layer system according to the invention uses different grain size distributions for the layer, in order to improve the bonding of the layer to a substrate; a different grain size distribution is used for the outer part of the layer.
US07935399B2	Low melting polyester polymers A bulk of polyester polymer particles comprising polyester polymer comprising greater than 75% virgin polyester polymer, the particles having: A) an It.V. of at least 0.72 dl/g, and B) 10 ppm or less of residual acetaldehyde; and C) at least two melting peaks, wherein one of said at least two melting peaks is a low peak melting point within a range of 140° C. to 220° C. and having a melting endotherm area of at least the absolute value of 1 J/g. The particles may also have a degree of crystallinity within a range of 20% and a maximum degree of crystallinity Tcmax defined by the equation: Tcmax=50%−CA−OH where CA is the total mole % of all carboxylic acid residues other than terephthalic acid residues, based on 100 mole % of carboxylic acid residues, and OH is the total mole % of all hydroxyl functional compound residues other than ethylene glycol residues, based on 100 mole % of hydroxyl functional compounds residues. The preforms and bottles made from these particles can be obtained by melt processing these particles at either lower overall power, faster screw speeds, lower residence time, or lower overall cycle time to thereby reduce the level of residual acetaldehyde generated in the melt.
US07935394B2	Polar nematic liquid crystal assembly and liquid crystal device using the same Disclosed herein is a polar nematic liquid crystal assembly. The liquid crystal assembly comprises 5˜7.5% by weight of a dopant having the structure of Formula 1 below: (wherein X is an alkyl, alkenyl or heteroalkyl group having three or more carbon atoms) and 92.5˜95% by weight of smectic liquid crystal molecules having a linear alkyl chain wherein the N-bonding moiety of the dopant is spontaneously bonded to the alkyl chain of the smectic liquid crystal molecules to induce macroscopic spontaneous polarization in a particular direction.
US07935389B2	Liquid spraying apparatus and method A printer is provided which sprays ink from nozzles to print recording paper P. It includes a paper feed/delivery mechanism (72) to carrying the paper P to which the ink is to adhere, nozzles (52a) to spray the ink as droplets, an ink-spraying head (45) to spray the ink from the nozzles toward the paper P having been carried to a position opposite to the nozzles, an ink-spraying controller (123) to control the ink-spraying head (45) to spray the ink from the nozzles in predetermined timing, a temperature sensor (74) to detect the ambient temperature and/or humidity when spraying the ink from the nozzles, a speed discrimination unit (73) to judge whether the carrying speed of the paper P has been changed, a memory (128) having stored therein ink-spraying control data intended for controlling the spraying timing correspondingly to the type of the paper P, and a controller (129) to delay, when the carrying speed of the paper P has been increased in the process of printing, the timing of spraying ink in other color than black based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and ink-spraying control data for the type of the paper P, pre-stored in the memory, in relation to that which is before the carrying speed of the paper P is increased, thereby projecting the other ink than the black ink to a position to which the black ink is to be projected.
US07935382B2	Method for making crystalline composition A method of making a metal nitride is provided. The method may include introducing a metal in a chamber. A nitrogen-containing material may be flowed into the chamber. Further, a hydrogen halide may be introduced. The nitrogen-containing material may react with the metal in the chamber to form the metal nitride.
US07935373B2	Packaging of meat products with modified atmospheres and/or enhancers Packaged meat products, methods of packaging meat, and systems for packaging meat. With respect to packaged meat products, one particular embodiment of a packaged meat product comprises a container having a low gas permeability and an enclosed interior volume. The packaged meat product further includes a meat product enclosed within the interior volume of the container and a modified atmosphere comprising not greater than about 10% carbon monoxide within the interior volume of the container. The meat product has a first volume less than the interior volume, and the modified atmosphere has a second volume such that a volume ratio of the second volume to the first volume is not greater than approximately 1:1.
US07935371B2	Method for producing nucleation of solid phase from a supercooled liquid A method of manufacturing a frozen or partially-frozen product which method includes: a) providing a liquid material in a substantially sealed vessel; b) subjecting liquid material to a negative pressure; and c) subjecting the liquid material, whilst under the negative pressure, to a temperature substantially less than 0° C.
US07935365B2	Glycerophospholipids for the improvement of cognitive functions This invention provides a preparation comprising serine glycerophospholipids which comprise a mixture of serine glycerophospholipids comprising eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and serine glycerophospholipids comprising docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), wherein each such serine glycerophospholipid comprising EPA and each such serine glycerophospholipid comprising DHA has the formula (I): wherein R″ is serine; wherein one of R or R′ is acyl EPA or acyl DHA and the other of R or R′ is hydrogen or an acyl group; wherein the combined amount of EPA and DHA present in such mixture of serine glycerophospholipids constitutes 10-50% by weight of the total fatty acids content of the serine glycerophospholipids in said preparation; and wherein the mixture is not identical to naturally occurring human or mammalian brain PS.
US07935364B2	Patterned gradient wound dressing and methods of using same to promote wound healing The present invention provides a wound dressing that includes a patterned gradient of immobilized growth factor molecules that promote directed migration of cells during dermal wound healing. Growth factor is immobilized on a support substrate to present a gradient pattern of increasing growth factor concentration to migrating cells. Methods of promoting wound healing using the patterned gradient wound dressing and fabrication methods of same are also provided.
US07935360B2	Means for biologically controlling cryptogamic plant diseases The invention concerns the application of compositions of micro-organisms in biological control of vine cryptogamic diseases. Said composition comprises a mixture of at least one bacterium and at least one yeast, the bacterium or bacteria and the yeast(s) being non-toxic for the plant. The invention also concerns bacterial and yeast strains, as well as biofungicide formulations containing an efficient amount of at least one composition of micro-organisms including in mixture at least one bacterium and one yeast, the bacterium or bacteria and the yeast(s) being non-toxic for the plant, and a composition of filamentous fungi, in particular of the genus Pichia, Pythium, Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Ampelomyces, Talaromyces, Epicococcum, combined with an inert carrier. The invention is useful for treating cryptogamic plant diseases, in particular crop plants and vine.
US07935357B2	Proteins with repetitive Bacterial-Ig-like (Big) domains present in Leptospira species The invention relates to three isolated DNA molecules that encode for proteins, BigL1, BigL2 and BigL3, in the Leptospira sp bacterium which have repetitive Bacterial-Ig-like (Big) domains and their use in diagnostic, therapeutic and vaccine applications. According to the present invention, the isolated molecules encoding for BigL1, BigL2 and BigL3 proteins are used for the diagnosis and prevention of infection with Leptospira species that are capable of producing disease in humans and other mammals, including those of veterinary importance.
US07935356B2	Attenuated Mycoplasma gallisepticum strains The present invention provides live, attenuated Mycoplasma gallisepticum bacteria that exhibit reduced expression of a protein identified as MGA_0621. In certain embodiments, the attenuated bacteria may additionally exhibit reduced expression of one or more proteins selected from the group consisting of pyruvate dehydrogenase, phosphopyruvate hydratase, 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase, and ribosomal protein L35, relative to a wild-type M. gallisepticum bacterium. Also provided are vaccines and vaccination methods involving the use of the live, attenuated M. gallisepticum bacteria, and methods for making live attenuated M. gallisepticum bacteria. An exemplary live, attenuated strain of M. gallisepticum is provided, designated MGx+47, which was shown by proteomics analysis to exhibit significantly reduced expression of MGA_0621, and was shown to be safe and effective when administered as a vaccine against M. gallisepticum infection in chickens.
US07935354B2	Generation of new BCG vaccine strains protecting against the establishment of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and reactivation from the latent or persistent state A vaccine for treating or preventing the establishment of latent tuberculosis infections is provided. The vaccine comprises a recombinant mycobacterium that overexpresses the transcription factor DosR, at a level sufficient to induce production of the dosR regulon genes or proteins. A host to whom the vaccine is administered mounts an immune response to the dosR regulon proteins and is thus protected from the establishment, persistence or reactivation of latent tuberculosis.
US07935352B2	Compositions and methods for vaccinating against HSV-2 This invention relates to a method for systemic immune activation which is effective for eliciting both a systemic, non-antigen specific immune response and a strong antigen-specific immune response in a mammal. The method is particularly effective for protecting a mammal from herpes simplex virus. Also disclosed are therapeutic compositions useful in such a method.
US07935345B2	Monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to and neutralize bacillus anthracis toxin, compositions, and methods of use The invention features compositions relating to antibodies that specifically bind to the protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis, fragments thereof, and nucleic acids encoding same. The invention further features methods of using such compositions.
US07935344B2	Human anti-IL-23 antibodies, compositions, methods and uses A human anti-IL-23p19 antibody, including isolated nucleic acids that encode at least one anti-IL-23p19 antibody, vectors, host cells, and methods of making and using thereof have applications in diagnostic and/or therapeutic compositions, methods and devices.
US07935340B2	Antibodies to IL-6 and use thereof The present invention is directed to antibodies and fragments thereof having binding specificity for IL-6. Another embodiment of this invention relates to the antibodies described herein, and binding fragments thereof, comprising the sequences of the VH, VL and CDR polypeptides described herein, and the polynucleotides encoding them. The invention also contemplates conjugates of anti-IL-6 antibodies and binding fragments thereof conjugated to one or more functional or detectable moieties. The invention also contemplates methods of making said anti-IL-6 antibodies and binding fragments thereof. Embodiments of the invention also pertain to the use of anti-IL-6 antibodies, and binding fragments thereof, for the diagnosis, assessment and treatment of diseases and disorders associated with IL-6. These antibodies may bind at least one of soluble IL-6, cell surface expressed IL-6, IL-6/IL-6R and/or prevent the association of IL-6 and IL-6R, the association of IL-6/IL-6R and gp130 and or the formation of IL-6/IL-6R/gp130 multimers and thereby inhibit a biological effect associated with any of the foregoing.
US07935337B2	Method of therapy for degenerative intervertebral discs To treat diseases accompanied by degenerative intervertebral discs, in particular, disk herniation, lumbar pain, discopathy and osteoarthritits of the spine, it is intended to provide a drug for administering a human-origin protease directly to an affected part of such a disease accompanied by degenerative intervertebral discs. As the human-origin protease, use can be made of MMP-3, MMP-7, etc.
US07935333B2	Method and compositions for modifying target receptor function associated with neurological disorders A method of treating or preventing development of a neurological disorder has been developed wherein a subject with the disorder, or at risk of developing a disorder, is vaccinated against a brain protein or antigen. Alternatively, the antibodies can be directly administered to the individual in need of treatment thereof. Animal studies demonstrate potent efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy, stroke and cognition in animal models vaccinated against the NMDA receptor.
US07935330B2	Method of making porous crystalline materials The present invention relates to new methods of making crystalline materials, as well as to new crystalline materials obtainable by such methods, and their use in hydrocarbon conversion processes. In one of its aspects, the invention relates to a method for preparing a crystalline molecular sieve comprising oxides of one or more tetravalent element(s), optionally one or more trivalent element(s), and optionally one or more pentavalent element(s), said method comprising submitting to crystallization conditions one or more sources of said oxides in the presence of at least one organic templating agent R of formula C1C2R1R2N+ A− (I), in which C1 and C2 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexyl or cyclopentyl group, R1 and R2 each independently represent a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom they are connected to form a ring containing 5 or 6 atoms, and A represents hydroxyl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
US07935316B2	Chemical reaction cartridge and method for using Disclosed is a chemical reaction cartridge including an elastic body with which at least a portion of the chemical reaction cartridge is formed and a plurality of chambers and a flow path to connect the plurality of chambers, which contain solution inside, and the solution is moved or blocked in the chambers and the flow path by applying external force to the elastic body from outside, the elastic body is structured in at least two elastic body layers which are layered vertically and the plurality of chambers and the flow path are provided between an upper elastic body layer and a lower elastic body layer, and the elastic body is attached to a surface of a substrate made of hard material.
US07935309B2	Multi-transduction mechanism based microfluidic analyte sensors In various aspects are provided a microfluidic and/or nanofluidic sensor that can provide an indication of the reliability of its measurement of the presence of an analyte in a sample under investigation, an analyte concentration in the sample under investigation, or both. The provided sensors, microfluidic devices, and methods of analyte detection, utilize two transduction mechanisms from the same molecule to determine analyte presence, analyte concentration, or both. An analyte sensing molecule is used that can provide both an optical signal and electrochemical signal when an analyte is recognized by an analyte binding portion of the sensing molecule.
US07935308B2	Methods and devices for analyte detection Methods for detecting one or more analytes, such as a protein, in a fluid path are provided. The methods include resolving, immobilizing and detecting one or more analytes in a fluid path, such as a capillary. Also included are devices and kits for performing such assays.
US07935303B2	Low alloy steel According to a low alloy steel of the present invention, compositional elements thereof are limited, and a metal structure thereof comprises bainite or martensite. Further, proper amounts of Nd inclusions are formed by appropriately selecting timings of deoxidation and Nd addition in melting a steel. Consequently, compatibility between high-temperature creep strength and long-term creep ductility, which is hardly established in conventional steels, can be achieved even in hostile conditions. Accordingly, the low alloy steel of the present invention can be widely applied as the material for the heat-resistant structural member used for a long time under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions such as power plant boilers, turbines, and nuclear power plants.
US07935294B2	Reduced density foam and method for molding reduced density foam A system and method for operating an injection system to create a reduced density polymeric component uses a resin/blowing agent mixture, an injection molding machine having an injection molding screw positioned in a screw section, accumulators, a hydraulic pump, multiple molds, and a cooling system. Coolant is directed into each mold. The injection molding screw is rotated moving the mixture proximate to a receiving portion of the screw section. The injection molding screw is incrementally displaced to one of a plurality of successive injection positions each injecting a portion of the mixture into one of the molds by operating the hydraulic pump and discharging the accumulators. The accumulators are recharged after each injection molding screw displacement using the hydraulic pump. The injection molding screw is displaced and the accumulators recharged for each of the successive injection positions, each defining a stage for filling the molds in a single operating cycle of the injection system.
US07935291B2	Method for producing molded plastic parts having functional surfaces A process for producing polymer moldings with functional surfaces, in which a coating is produced on a support sheet, the coated support sheet is shaped and backed by injection molding or foaming with a liquid polymeric material, and the coating, if this has not already taken place, is cured or aftercured, the coating is covered at least temporarily with a protective sheet.
US07935288B2	Method of making a golf ball with a multi-layer core A method for making a multilayer golf ball including a solid center having a center hardness, a plurality of laminates cut into a plurality of shapes formed around the center to create an inner ball, and a cover formed around the inner ball, wherein the plurality of layers can include at least a first layer having a hardness greater than the center hardness and a second layer having a hardness greater than the first layer hardness, and optionally a third layer disposed between the first and the second layers having a hardness greater than the first layer hardness.
US07935287B2	Keyboard case manufacturing system and method Methods for forming a keyboard case are provided. A mold cavity configured to provide a keyboard case having a plurality of apertures disposed therethrough can be at least partially filled with a molten material. At least one runner can traverse at least a portion of the apertures forming the plurality of apertures. The molten material can be at least partially solidified within the mold cavity to provide the keyboard case. The keyboard case can be removed from the mold cavity and the at least one runner can be removed from at least a portion of the apertures forming the plurality of apertures.
US07935286B2	Sports racquet with string port holes A sports racquet having a plurality of string port holes and conventional string holes is formed of a single tube of prepreg material. When molded, mold elements press opposed portions of the prepreg tube into contact with one another, and shape the adjoining prepreg material into a string port hole blanks. The portion of the pressed-together material which initially blocks the string port hole is removed after molding so that the string port holes extend through the frame. Alternatively, the mold elements cause the prepreg tube to follow a serpentine shape, thereby defining string port holes which are open alternately along the top and bottom surface of the frame. A pair of cover rings may be secured to the top and bottom racquet surfaces to cover the open sides of the string port holes.
US07935282B2	Method for producing microfine fiber and friendly artificial leather made therefrom A method for producing microfine fibers having low resistance to deformation and high elasticity in accordance with the present invention comprises acts of: (a) providing polymer A and polymer B; (b) melting polymer A and polymer B to make a filament; (c) drawing the filament to make a staple fiber; (d) entangling the staple fiber to form a non-woven; (e) impregnating the non-woven with a impregnating agent; and may further have the acts of (f) impregnating the nonwoven with polyurethane; (g) coagulating the non-woven with dimethylformamide (DMF); (h) washing the non-woven with hot water; (i) impregnating the non-woven with a treatment agent; (j) abrading the non-woven to attain a split type mirofine fiber substrate; and (k) bonding a coating to the microfine fiber substrate. Therefore, the method can attain an artificial leather product having low resistance to deformation and high elasticity.
US07935280B2	Core locking assembly and method for orientation of asymmetric tooling An apparatus and method is provided for injection molding an ophthalmic lens mold section having an optical surface and a non-optical surface opposite the optical surface. The apparatus includes a non-optical tool assembly for forming the non-optical surface of the ophthalmic lens mold section. An optical tool assembly is in opposed relation to the non-optical tool assembly and together therewith forms a mold cavity for forming the ophthalmic lens mold section. In the preferred embodiment, the optical tool assembly includes a rotatably mounted core member and an optical insert removably secured the core member. The optical insert has an optical molding surface for forming an optical surface of the ophthalmic lens mold section opposite the non-optical surface thereof. A locking mechanism having, in a preferred embodiment, a locking pin selectively movable between a first position wherein the pin allows rotation of the core member and a second position wherein the pin prevents the core member from rotation.
US07935277B2	Conductive compositions and processes for use in the manufacture of semiconductor devices The present invention is directed to a thick film conductive composition comprising: (a) electrically conductive silver powder; (b) zinc-containing additive; (c) glass frit wherein said glass frit is lead-free; dispersed in (d) organic medium. The present invention is further directed to an electrode formed from the composition above wherein said composition has been fired to remove the organic vehicle and sinter said glass particles. Still further, the invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device from a structural element composed of a semiconductor having a p-n junction and an insulating film formed on a main surface of the semiconductor comprising the steps of (a) applying onto said insulating film the thick film composition detailed above; and (b) firing said semiconductor, insulating film and thick film composition to form an electrode. Additionally, the present invention is directed to a semiconductor device formed by the method detailed above and a semiconductor device formed from the thick film conductive composition detailed above.
US07935268B2	Azeotrope-like compositions comprising trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene An azeotrope-like mixture consisting essentially of chlorotrifluoropropene and at least one component selected from the group consisting of pentane, hexane, methanol, and trans-1,2-dichloroethene.
US07935264B2	Liquid discharge head and method of manufacturing the same A liquid discharge head includes a plurality of liquid chambers for pressurizing a liquid, the plurality of liquid chambers communicating with discharge ports respectively; and a plurality of piezoelectric elements provided in correspondence with the plurality of liquid chambers, respectively, the plurality of piezoelectric elements each including a lower electrode, a piezoelectric body film, and an upper electrode which are sequentially laminated in the stated order from the plurality of liquid chambers side. The lower electrode is provided up to a region corresponding to a portion between the plurality of liquid chambers. The piezoelectric body film is reduced in thickness at the region corresponding to the portion between the plurality of liquid chambers relative to the thickness of a region corresponding to the plurality of liquid chambers and completely covers at least the lower electrode provided to the region corresponding to the portion between the plurality of liquid chambers.

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