Document	Document Title
US08196048B2	Associating website clicks with links on a web page Objects on a web page are associated with stored records indicating historical object usage. Associations between objects and records take into account discrepancies in object identifiers resulting from authorial edits and/or differences in browser assignment of object identifiers. An object having an object identifier that differs from that of a stored record by not more than a predetermined tolerance value, and that has other indicia that match the stored record, is considered to match the stored record. Reports are generated quantifying web page object usage, for example by superimposing color shadings or other visual indicia on a representation of a web page.
US08196044B2	Configuration of user interfaces Configuration of user interfaces is described. In an implementation, a method includes receiving a query from a device. The query is for a user interface (UI) from a client. The UI, when executed by the device, is configured to form a request for execution of a control function by the client. A processing of the request determines whether the execution by the client of the control function is permitted. The processing is performed at a head end by using client state data. The hardware and/or software capabilities of the device to execute the UI are detected. The UI is configured based on the hardware and/or software capabilities of the device.
US08196038B2	System, method and graphical user interface for managing contacts and calendars within an online card system A system, method and graphical user interface (GUI) are described for managing a contacts and calendar database within an online stationery/card service. For example, a system implemented by an online stationery/card service allowing a user to personalize and send non-electronic stationery/cards is described, the system comprising: a graphical user interface for personalizing and sending non-electronic stationery/cards comprising: a reminder list comprised a plurality of reminder entries, each of the reminder entries identifying an upcoming event including events generated based on a specified relationship between the user and one or more contacts stored in a contacts database of the user; a recommendation region comprising a plurality of stationery/card design recommendations, the recommendation region populated with stationery/card designs associated with a specified one or the one or more entries in the reminder list, including the events generated based on the specified relationship between the user and each of the contacts; and a stationery/card personalization engine executed in response to the user selecting one of the stationery/card design recommendations from the recommendation region, the stationery personalization engine providing the end user with a set of personalization options related to the selected stationery/card design, and generating personalized stationery with the selected stationery/card design based on user input.
US08196035B2	Adaptation of a website to mobile web browser A method and a system of adaptation of a website to a mobile web browser. The method includes creating a snapshot version of a presentation layer of a website. The method also includes applying a design layer above the snapshot version and indicating an element of the snapshot version using the design layer. Furthermore, the method includes associating an identifying attribute of the element with a template used to create another website and creating a rule that associates a location of the identifying attribute in the snapshot version with another location in the template.
US08196027B2	Method and device for comparing data in a computer system having at least two execution units A method for comparing data in a computer system having at least two execution units, the comparison of the data taking place in a comparison unit and each execution unit processing input data and generating output data, wherein one execution unit specifies to the comparison unit that the next piece of output data is to be compared to a piece of output data of the at least second execution unit, and thereupon a comparison of the at least two output data takes place.
US08196026B2	Method and computer unit for error detection and logging in a memory In a method for detecting errors in computer data in a memory, a check sum is calculated in runtime and compared to a stored check sum. In this method, the computer data is being subdivided into at least two logical blocks and a check sum is calculated for each logical block. Also provided is a computer unit having a processor and a memory which has a ROM in which firmware is stored, and/or which has a RAM, the memory having at least two logging functions for logging established memory errors, e.g., errors in the ROM and/or the RAM.
US08196023B2	Encoder and optical disk recording apparatus An encoder includes an information holding section which stores flag bytes and an initial address, a data generation section which generates sets of first parity symbols from the initial address and the flag bytes, a parity generation section which generates and outputs sets of second parity symbols, for each column of data units included in the block, from the columns of data units included in the block and input user control data. The data generation section generates the addresses and the sets of first parity symbols, required to generate the columns of data units included in the block, based on the initial address and the flag bytes, selects necessary portions from the flag bytes and the addresses and the sets of first parity symbols generated, and outputs the portions to the parity generation section, as the columns of data units included in the block.
US08196019B2	Error correction in codeword pair headers in a data storage tape format Error correction coding is provided for codeword headers in a data tape format, such as a Linear Tape-Open, Generation 4 (LTO-4) data tape format. The data tape format defines a codeword quad as having first and second codeword headers interleaved with first and second codeword pairs, each codeword header comprising N bytes ck=c0, c1, . . . , cN−2, cN−1 wherein K bytes c0-cK−1 of the first and second headers in a codeword quad differ such that if one is known the other can be inferred. Each header byte ck of a codeword quad is redefined as comprising two interleaved (m/2)-bit nibbles, ek, ok. For each header, nibbles eK-eN−1 and nibbles oK-oN−1 are generated as a function of nibbles, e0-eK−1 and o0-oK−1, respectively. A codeword is assembled with the redefined headers the codeword quad is then recorded onto a recording medium.
US08196016B1	Trapping set decoding for transmission frames Trapping set decoding for transmission frames is disclosed. In one aspect, a trapping set decoder includes a detector including an input to receive a decoded codeword and including circuitry to detect the presence of one or more trapping sets of bits in the decoded codeword. A selection processor is coupled to the detector to select one from a group of trapping sets and correct one or more bits in the decoded codeword based on statistical measures associated with the one or more trapping sets of bits.
US08196013B2	Supporting global input/output interconnect features on ports of a midpoint device In a first embodiment of the present invention, a method for operating a midpoint device utilizing an Input/Output (I/O) interconnect is provided, wherein the midpoint device contains a plurality of ports, the method comprising: receiving a request to initiate a session between a device on a first port of the midpoint device and a device on a second port of the midpoint device; retrieving information regarding whether the first port supports a feature, and information regarding whether the second port supports the feature; and when the first port supports the feature and the second port does not support the feature, permitting the session to be initiated, such that communications between the first device and the second device are performed partially using the feature, independently of support of the feature on other ports.
US08196009B2	Systems, methods, and apparatuses to transfer data and data mask bits in a common frame with a shared error bit code Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to systems, methods, and apparatuses to transfer data and data mask bits in a common frame with a shared error bit code. A memory system uses data frames to transfer data between a host and a memory device. In some cases, the system may also transfer one or more data mask bits in a data frame (rather than via a separate bit lane). The system may generate an error bit checksum (such as a cyclic redundancy code or CRC) to cover the data bits and the data mask bits. In some embodiments, the data bits, data mask bits, and checksum bits are transferred in a common frame.
US08196008B2	Semiconductor memory device and method of controlling the same A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of detecting code generators configured to generate a plurality of detecting codes to detect errors in a plurality of data items, respectively, a plurality of first correcting code generators configured to generate a plurality of first correcting codes to correct errors in a plurality of first data blocks, respectively, each of the first data blocks containing one of the data items and a corresponding detecting code, a second correcting code generators configured to generate a second correcting code to correct errors in a second data block, the second data block containing the first data blocks, and a semiconductor memory configured to nonvolatilely store the second data block, the first correcting codes, and the second correcting code.
US08196005B2	Method and device for decoding LDPC encoded codewords with a fast convergence speed The method includes defining from all the check nodes at least one group of check nodes mutually connected through at least one second variable node defining an internal second variable node. The method includes performing for each group the joint updating of all the check nodes of the group via a Maximum-A-Posteriori (MAP) type process, and the updating of all the first variable nodes and all the second variable nodes connected to the group except the at least one internal second variable node. The method may include iteratively repeating the updates.
US08196002B2	Systems and methods for joint LDPC encoding and decoding Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for LDPC encoding and decoding. For example, a system for performing LDPC encoding and decoding is disclosed that includes a joint LDPC encoder/decoder. The joint LDPC encoder/decoder includes both an LDPC decoder and an LDPC encoder that each utilize a common LDPC decoder circuit to perform the respective functions of encoding and decoding.
US08195996B2	Apparatuses, systems and methods for detecting errors in data streams on point-to-point serial links Methods, apparatuses and systems for physical link error data capture and analysis. A receiver is coupled to receive a data stream via a point-to-point serial link. A control circuit is coupled with the receiver to cause the receiver to selectively sample the data stream according to an offset parameter and an interval parameter. Comparison circuitry compares the data stream sample to expected data values to determine a bit error rate.
US08195995B2	Integrated circuit and method of protecting a circuit part of an integrated circuit A integrated circuit comprises a circuit part to be protected and protective lines located at least one wiring level of the integrated circuit. In addition, the integrated circuit comprises logical gates coupled to the protective lines, whereby a logic circuit is formed, and a processing unit implemented to detect a manipulation of the integrated circuit by applying test patterns to the logic circuit and verifying a logic output value of the logic circuit responsive to the test patterns.
US08195989B1	Detection of ethernet link failure A device may detect and report failure in point-to-point Ethernet links. In one implementation, the device may determine, based on a periodic timing signal, whether at least one packet was received on an incoming Ethernet link during a previous period of the periodic timing signal. The device may update an entry in a circular buffer to indicate whether the at least one packet was received during the previous period of the periodic timing signal and analyze the circular buffer to determine whether there is a signal failure on the incoming Ethernet link.
US08195984B2	System and method for a staggered execution environment A staggered execution environment is provided to safely execute an application program against software failures. In an embodiment, the staggered execution environment includes one or more probe virtual machines that execute various portions of an application program and an execution virtual machine that executes the same application program within a time delay behind the probe virtual machines. A virtualization supervisor coordinates the execution of the application program on one or more probe virtual machines. The probe virtual machines are used to detect and correct software failures prior to the execution virtual machine encountering them. The virtualization supervisor embargos output data in order to ensure that erroneous data is not released which may adversely affect external processes.
US08195982B2	Systems and methods for managing testing functionalities Described herein are systems and methods for managing testing functionalities. One such method includes receiving, from a test tool, data indicative of a user-created test script, being a data-bound test script in the present example. The data-bound test script is created for testing a target application, and is bound to a predetermined data set. This received data is then processed, thereby to define data indicative of an unbound test script. A user interface is provided for allowing a user to associate the unbound test script with one or more data sets selected from a repository of stored data sets. Responsive to a user command, data indicative of a new data-bound test scripts is defined based on the association of the unbound test script with the selected one or more data sets. This new defined data-bound test script is executable via the test tool. For example, instructions are provided to the test tool such that those scripts are executed for the testing of the target application. In some cases, multiple unbound test scripts are effectively bolted together to create more complex scenarios for testing.
US08195980B2	Virtual machine snapshotting and damage containment Some embodiments provide a system that manages the execution of a virtual machine. During operation, the system takes a series of snapshots of the virtual machine during execution of the virtual machine. If an abnormal operation of the virtual machine is detected, the system spawns a set of snapshot instances from one of the series of snapshots, wherein each of the snapshot instances is executed with one of a set of limitations. Next, the system determines a source of the abnormal operation using a snapshot instance from the snapshot instances that does not exhibit the abnormal operation. Finally, the system updates a state of the virtual machine using the snapshot instance.
US08195979B2	Method and apparatus for realizing application high availability A method and apparatus for realizing application high availability. The application is installed on both a first node and a second node, the first node being used as an active node, and the second node being used as a passive node. The method includes: monitoring access operations to files by an application during its execution on the active node; replicating the monitored updates to the file by the application from the active node to a storage device accessible to the passive node if the application performs updates to a file during the access operations; sniffing the execution of the application on the active node; and switching the active node to the second node and initiating the application on the second node in response to sniffing a failure in the execution of the application on the active node.
US08195976B2	Fault-tolerance and fault-containment models for zoning clustered application silos into continuous availability and high availability zones in clustered systems during recovery and maintenance A cluster recovery and maintenance technique for use in a server cluster having plural nodes implementing a server tier in a client-server computing architecture. A first group of N active nodes each run a software stack comprising a cluster management tier and a cluster application tier that actively provides services on behalf of client applications running in a client application tier. A second group of M spare nodes each run a software stack comprising a cluster management tier and a cluster application tier that does not actively provide services on behalf of client applications. First and second zones in the cluster are determined in response to an active node membership change involving active nodes departing from or being added to the first group as a result of an active node failing or becoming unreachable or as a result of a maintenance operation involving an active node.
US08195969B2	Electronic equipment, image forming apparatus, starting method of electronic equipment, and computer program product Each of a plurality of control units starts the control unit with one of a first start method and a second start. When a first control unit among the control units starts with a second start method, the first control unit instructs a second control unit among the control units to start with the second start method. Thus, all the control units are started with the same start method.
US08195966B2	Electronic device for reducing power consumption during off of computer motherboard The present invention is an electronic device having a first device and a second device for reducing power consumption of a computer motherboard. When the computer motherboard is at an S4 or S5 state of an ACPI, the electronic device makes the computer motherboard enter like G3 mechanical off state of the ACPI. The second device determines that when the S4 or S5 state happens makes the first device to cut off a portion of electric components, for example the SIO chip and Southbridge chip, consuming stand-by power, and only supply the stand-by power to the electronic device itself. After the user pressed the power button, the second device will control the first device to connect the stand-by power to the computer motherboard.
US08195964B2	Method and system for energy efficient networking via packet inspection Aspects of a method and system for energy efficient networking via packet inspection are provided. In various embodiments of the invention, a network device may include one or more circuits operable to inspect one or both of ingress and/or egress packets in the network device. The one or more processors may be operable to predict traffic in the network device based on the inspection. The one or more processors may be operable to, based on the predicted traffic, control a mode of operation of the network device to manage power consumption in the network device. A downlink path within the network device may be configured based on inspection of packets conveyed along a corresponding uplink path. An uplink path within the network device may be configured based on inspection of packets conveyed along a corresponding downlink path.
US08195962B2	Method and apparatus for regulating power consumption A method for controlling power consumption while maximizing processor performance. The method includes, for a time interval of operation in a first operational state, determining an amount of power consumed during by one or more cores of a processor, calculating, a power error based on the amount of power consumed in the time interval, obtaining a power error term for the interval by adding the power error to a power error term from a previous time interval, and comparing the power error term to at least a first error threshold. If the power error term is outside a range defined at least in part by the first error threshold, the method exits the first operational state and enters a second operational state. If the power error term is within the range defined at least in part by the first error threshold, operation continues in the first operational state.
US08195961B2	Removable storage device and associated methodology of data encryption A data encryption transmission system and associated methodology is provided including a data input site that compresses and encrypts data based on a shared encryption key and then transmits the compressed and encrypted data to an external network. A database server which is operably linked to the external network and stores, manages, transmits, and receives data. A removable storage stores an identification code, and a client site which is configured to receive the removable storage generates an encryption key based on the identification code, receives encrypted data from the external network, decrypts and expands the received data based on the shared encryption key, encrypts the data based on the encryption key and saves the encrypted data, and finally decrypts the encrypted data and outputs the data using the encryption key.
US08195960B2	Content data management system and method Embodiments of the present invention allow encrypted data to restrict unlimited output of content data recorded in an area where reading can be performed by standard commands. According to one embodiment, a data storage area of a storage device is provided with an accessible area which can be accessed from the outside of an interface by specifying an address, and a hidden access area which can be accessed from the outside only in a specified case where an authentication condition is satisfied. In the hidden area, a table is recorded in which one entry includes an entry number and a field of a content identifier. An expansion area is provided in each sector of the accessible area, and data output control information and an entry number are recorded. The data output control information indicates information of one of (1) output is allowed only when there is information capable of decrypting the data, and (2) output is allowed without limitation. In the case where data recorded in the accessible area is read by a standard read command, output of content data recorded in the storage device is controlled based on the data output control information recorded in the expansion area.
US08195956B2	Re-keying data in place A system comprises an encryption engine and a host processor coupled to the encryption engine. The host processor determines when a time period has expired for a unit of data. Upon determining that the time period has expired, the host processor causes the encryption engine to re-key the unit of data in place.
US08195953B1	Computer program with built-in malware protection A method of creating a protected software program operates upon an executable program that has a number of sections. The sections include an entry section and any number of user sections. An ability set for the executable program is defined that describes allowed behaviors of said executable program and behaviors that are not allowed. The ability set is inserted into the executable program as an ability section. A vaccine code section is inserted into the executable program; the vaccine code section is arranged to monitor behaviors of said executable program for comparison with the allowed and not allowed behaviors of the ability section. A hash value is calculated for the executable program; the hash value is stored in the program itself or in another secure location.
US08195952B2	System and method of facilitating the identification of a computer on a network A system and method for facilitating identification of an attacking computer in a network is provided. A user attempting to login to a network application may be presented with a screen prior to the login which lists preconditions of gaining access to the application. If a user concurs with the preconditions, a security module is downloaded to the user's computer and executed which gathers various configuration settings and transmits the gathered information to a predetermined destination. The security module may also attempt to place a call to a predetermined destination over a modem in the computer to cause registration of caller-ID data when answered at the predetermined destination. Once the security check is completed, login may proceed with the network application. Any data gathered by the security module may be stored for later recall and use to identify the computer in the event of an attack.
US08195951B2	Data processing system for providing authorization keys A computer-implemented method for providing authorization keys, where the method includes receiving a further asymmetrical, cryptographic key pair, where the further asymmetrical key pair is part of a key pair sequence, where the further asymmetrical key pair includes a further first and a further second authorization key; retrieving a ciphertext, where the ciphertext is associated with the key pair which immediately precedes the further key pair in the sequence of key pairs, where the ciphertext includes the initial first key encrypted with the second authorization key of the key pair which immediately precedes the further key pair in the sequence of key pairs; decrypting the initial first authorization key using the first authorization key of the key pair which immediately precedes the further key pair in the sequence of key pairs; generating a further ciphertext through encryption of the decrypted initial first authorization key using the second authorization key of the further key pair; and saving the further ciphertext.
US08195946B2	Protection of data of a memory associated with a microprocessor A method and a circuit for checking the coherence between data read from a first area of a memory of a microcontroller and the address of these data, including calculating a current digital signature of the read data by a function also taking into account the address of these data in the memory, and checking the coherence between the current signature and a previously-recorded signature.
US08195935B2	Systems, methods and computer-accessible media for acquiring and authenticating public key certificate status Exemplary embodiments of systems, methods and computer-accessible medium can be provided for obtaining and verifying a public key certificate status. In particular, it is possible to construct and send a certificate query request, construct and send a combined certificate query request, construct and send a combined certificate status response, deliver a certificate status response, perform a verification by the general access point, and/or perform a verification by the user equipment. The exemplary embodiments address some of the deficiencies of conventional methods which have a complicated implementation as well as likely inability of such conventional methods to be applied to the network architecture of user equipment, a general access point and a server. The exemplary embodiments of the systems, methods and computer-accessible medium can obtain a user certificate status to provide certificate statuses of the user or the user equipment and the general access point when the user equipment accesses the network via the general access point. Message exchanges can be reduced, bandwidth and calculation resources can be saved, and higher efficiency can be achieved. According to another exemplary embodiment, by way of adding random numbers into the certificate query request and the combined certificate query request, as well as the message m, freshness of the certificate status response can be facilitated and even ensured, and security protection can be enhanced.
US08195932B2	Authentication and encryption for secure data transmission A system and method for authenticating and encrypting messages for secure transmission is disclosed. A frame to be transmitted between devices comprises a frame header and a frame body. The frame body includes a security sequence number (SSN), frame payload, and message integrity code (MIC). The SSN is incremented by one for each frame transmitted using a same pairwise temporal key (PTK). A nonce is formed using the frame header and the SSN. Counter blocks Ctri and a first input block B0 are created using the nonce. Payload blocks Bi are created from the frame payload. The frame payload encrypted by sequentially applying the blocks of payload data Bi and corresponding counter blocks Ctri to a cipher function. The MIC is computed by cipher block chaining a cipher function applied to blocks B0 and Bi, and counter block Ctr0. The cipher functions all use the PTK.
US08195928B2	Handheld computing unit with merged mode A handheld computing unit includes a hardware section, an application section, and an operating system section. The hardware section and operating system section are operable to: detect another device; determine whether to merge functionality with the other device; and when it is determined to merge functionality with the other device, initiate a reboot of the handheld computing unit and of the other device in a merged mode, wherein, in the merged mode, the hardware section and a hardware section of the other device function as a single hardware section and the operating system section and an operating system section of the other device function as a single operating system section.
US08195915B2	Mechanism for visualizing memory fragmentation A method, system and computer program product for visualizing memory fragmentation in a data processing system includes determining a mobility status of plural memory pages and generating a map display depicting the plural memory pages and the mobility status.
US08195913B2	Data storage control on storage devices An object of the present invention is to improve the usage efficiency of a storage extent in a storage system using the Allocation on Use (AOU) technique. A controller in the storage system allocates a storage extent in an actual volume to an extent in a virtual volume accessed by a host computer, detects any decrease in necessity for maintaining that allocation, and cancels the allocation of the storage extent in the actual volume to the extent in the virtual volume based on the detection result.
US08195912B2	Apparatus, system, and method for efficient mapping of virtual and physical addresses An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for efficiently mapping virtual and physical addresses. A forward mapping module uses a forward map to identify physical addresses of data of a data segment from a virtual address. The data segment is identified in a storage request. The virtual addresses include discrete addresses within a virtual address space where the virtual addresses sparsely populate the virtual address space. A reverse mapping module uses a reverse map to determine a virtual address of a data segment from a physical address. The reverse map maps the data storage device into erase regions such that a portion of the reverse map spans an erase region of the data storage device erased together during a storage space recovery operation. A storage space recovery module uses the reverse map to identify valid data in an erase region prior to an operation to recover the erase region.
US08195909B2	Data management in a data storage system The present disclosure provides a method in a data storage system. The method includes defining a plurality of jobs for a command received from a host. Each of the plurality of jobs is associated with one or more of a plurality of data storage resources of the data storage system. The plurality of jobs have a defined order that is a function of addresses of data in the plurality of data storage resources. The method also includes issuing the plurality of jobs to the associated data storage resources and receiving information from the data storage resources for the plurality of jobs. The information is received by a controller of the data storage system for the jobs in an order that is different than the defined order. The method includes transmitting the received information to the host for the plurality of jobs in the defined order.
US08195902B2	Method of improving efficiency of replication monitoring Provided is a copy pair monitoring method which is for a storage system having at least one host computer, at least one storage subsystem, and a management computer, the storage subsystem including volumes storing data requested by the host computer to be written, the management computer being accessible to the host computer and the storage subsystem. The copy pair monitoring method is characterized by including the steps of: obtaining every piece of copy pair definition information that is stored in the host computer; removing duplicate copy pair definition information from the whole copy pair definition information obtained; and collecting the copy pair status based on the obtained copy pair definition information from which duplicate copy pair definition information has been removed.
US08195894B2	Data processing apparatus of basic input/output system A data processing apparatus of a basic input/output system (BIOS) is provided. The data processing apparatus includes a BIOS unit, a share memory and a control unit. The BIOS unit writes command data into the share memory, wherein the command data includes identification data stored in an identification field. The control unit reads and performs the command data according to the identification data in the identification field. After the command data is performed, the control unit writes returned data into the share memory for the BIOS unit to read the returned data, wherein the returned data includes the execution result of the command data performed by the control unit and also includes the identification data.
US08195892B2	Structure for silent invalid state transition handling in an SMP environment A design structure embodied in a machine readable storage medium for designing, manufacturing, and/or testing a design can be provided. The design structure includes a symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) system. The system includes a plurality of nodes. Each of the nodes includes a node controller and a plurality of processors cross-coupled to one another. The system also includes at least one cache directory coupled to each node controller, and, invalid state transition logic coupled to each node controller. The invalid state transition logic includes program code enabled to identify an invalid state transition for a cache line in a local node, to evict a corresponding cache directory entry for the cache line, and to forward an invalid state transition notification to a node controller for a home node for the cache line in order for the home node to evict a corresponding cache directory entry for the cache line.
US08195890B1	Method for maintaining cache coherence using a distributed directory with event driven updates The present invention is a protocol for maintaining cache consistency between multiprocessors within a tightly coupled system. A distributed directory is maintained within the data-sharing processors, so that copies can be invalidated when modified. All transfers are event driven, rather the polled, to reduce bus-bandwidth consumption. Deadlocks are avoided by placing to-be-executed command codes in the returned response packets, when the request-forwarding queues are full or not present.
US08195887B2	Processor power management and method A data processing device is disclosed that includes multiple processing cores, where each core is associated with a corresponding cache. When a processing core is placed into a first sleep mode, the data processing device initiates a first phase. If any cache probes are received at the processing core during the first phase, the cache probes are serviced. At the end of the first phase, the cache corresponding to the processing core is flushed, and subsequent cache probes are not serviced at the cache. Because it does not service the subsequent cache probes, the processing core can therefore enter another sleep mode, allowing the data processing device to conserve additional power.
US08195883B2	Resource sharing to reduce implementation costs in a multicore processor A processor may include several processor cores, each including a respective higher-level cache; a lower-level cache including several tag units each including several controllers, where each controller corresponds to a respective cache bank configured to store data, and where the controllers are concurrently operable to access their respective cache banks; and an interconnect network configured to convey data between the cores and the lower-level cache. The controllers may share access to an interconnect egress port coupled to the interconnect network, and may generate multiple concurrent requests to convey data via the shared port, where each of the requests is destined for a corresponding core, and where a datapath width of the port is less than a combined width of the multiple requests. The given tag unit may arbitrate among the controllers for access to the shared port, such that the requests are transmitted to corresponding cores serially rather than concurrently.
US08195879B2	Demand based partitioning of microprocessor caches Associativity of a multi-core processor cache memory to a logical partition is managed and controlled by receiving a plurality of unique logical processing partition identifiers into registration of a multi-core processor, each identifier being associated with a logical processing partition on one or more cores of the multi-core processor; responsive to a shared cache memory miss, identifying a position in a cache directory for data associated with the address, the shared cache memory being multi-way set associative; associating a new cache line entry with the data and one of the registered unique logical processing partition identifiers; modifying the cache directory to reflect the association; and caching the data at the new cache line entry, wherein said shared cache memory is effectively shared on a line-by-line basis among said plurality of logical processing partitions of said multi-core processor.
US08195878B2	Hard disk drive with attached solid state drive cache Methods, systems, and computer programs for managing storage in a computer system using a solid state drive (SSD) read cache memory are presented. The method includes receiving a read request, which causes a miss in a cache memory. After the cache miss, the method determines whether the data to satisfy the read request is available in the SSD memory. If the data is in SSD memory, the read request is served from the SSD memory. Otherwise, SSD memory tracking logic is invoked and the read request is served from a hard disk drive (HDD). Additionally, the SSD memory tracking logic monitors access requests to pages in memory, and if a predefined criteria is met for a certain page in memory, then the page is loaded in the SSD. The use of the SSD as a read cache improves memory performance for random data reads.
US08195868B2	Method and apparatus for smart memory pass-through communication Enhanced functionality is provided in memory devices by enhancing the control logic to recognize predetermined data sequences. Standard (legacy) device operations are used to communicate the predetermined data sequences, thereby allowing existing device drivers to be used with the enhanced devices.
US08195866B2	Adjusting available persistent storage during execution in a virtual computer system The amount of virtual disk space that is available for use by software executing within a virtual machine may be dynamically adjusted while the virtual machine is running in a virtual computer system. According to one aspect, a method for flexible run-time reservation of disk space from a virtual machine is provided. The method includes designating for use by a first virtual machine, a fixed portion of disk space accessible by a computing system. The first virtual machine is activated. During operation of the first virtual machine, a portion of the fixed portion of the disk space designated for use by the first virtual machine is reserved from within the first virtual machine. Use of the reserved portion is controlled from outside of the first virtual machine.
US08195863B2	Information processor capable of supplying power to an electronic device connected thereto According to one embodiment, an information processor has: an input/output module configured to input/output a data signal through a data signal line; a first voltage supply module configured to supply a first differential signal pair; a second voltage supply module configured to supply a second differential signal pair; a first switching module configured to select and output, in response to a first control signal, one of the first differential signal pair supplied from the first voltage supply module and the second differential signal pair supplied from the second voltage supply module; and a second switching module configured to receive one of the first differential signal pair and the second differential signal pair output from the first switching module, and output one of the first differential signal pair and the second differential signal pair to the electronic device through the data signal line, in response to a second control signal.
US08195862B2	Storage device having a plurality of interfaces for connection to an external device A storage device includes a plurality of interfaces for connection to an external device, a storage unit that stores data, an effective interface setting unit, and a switching instruction receiving unit. The effective interface setting unit sets one of the plurality of interfaces as an effective interface that may access the storage unit. The switching instruction receiving unit receives an effective interface switching instruction during operation of the storage device. The effective interface setting unit switches the interface set as the effective interface based on the effective interface switching instruction.
US08195859B2	Techniques for managing processor resource for a multi-processor server executing multiple operating systems A multiprocessor server system executes a plurality of multiprocessor or single-processor operating systems each using a plurality of storage adapters and a plurality of network adapters. Each operating system maintains load information about all its processors and shares the information with other operating systems. Upon changes in the processor load of the operating systems, processors are dynamically reassigned among operating systems to improve performance if the maximum load of the storage adapters and network adapters of the reassignment target operating system is not already reached. Processor reassignment includes shutting down and restarting dynamically operating systems to allow the reassignment of the processors used by single-processor operating systems. Furthermore, the process scheduler of multi-processor operating systems keeps some processors idle under light processor load conditions in order to allow the immediate reassignment of processors to heavily loaded operating systems.
US08195852B2	Configurable connector for system-level communication A host device comprises a controller and a connector. The host connector comprises fixed-function and multi-function pins. A first group of host connector pins comprises one or more of the fixed-function pins and a second group of pins comprises the remainder of the fixed-function pins and the multi-function pins. The host connector can be releasably attached to a connector of an accessory device. The first group of host connector pins can be used to discover the functions of the accessory connector. The host device can select functions to be enabled at the host and accessory connectors from among the functions mutually supported by the two connectors. The host can enable the selected functions at the host connector and can instruct the accessory to enable the selected functions at the accessory connector. The host can reconfigure host connector functions in response to a different accessory being attached to the host.
US08195849B2	Device and method for transferring data between devices A device and method for transferring data is disclosed that facilitates data transfers between devices having different clock domains. The data transfer from one device to another occurs through a First In First Out memory (FIFO). The relative number of FIFO access cycles to the FIFO is controlled to maintain a desired FIFO fullness. Setting the desired FIFO fullness to a desired value allows control of data transfer latency between devices.
US08195837B2	Domain name resolution resource allocation A content delivery network (CDN) for delivering content over the Internet is disclosed in one embodiment. The CDN is configured to deliver content for others and includes a domain resolution service (DNS) server, caching servers and an Internet interface. The DNS server receives a first domain resolution request and produces a first DNS solution, and receives a second domain resolution request and produces a second DNS solution. The first and second domain resolution requests correspond to a same domain. The caching servers correspond to a plurality of addresses. The interface receives domain resolution requests, which include the first and second domain resolution requests, and transmits DNS solutions, which include the first and second DNS solutions. The first DNS solution comprises a first plurality of addresses corresponding to at least a first subset of the plurality of caching servers, and the second DNS solution comprises a second plurality of addresses corresponding to at least a second subset of the plurality of caching servers. The first DNS solution is different from the second DNS solution in that the second subset includes an address for a caching server not in the first subset. The second subset is chosen to generally match a processing power of the first subset.
US08195826B2	UDP broadcast for user interface in a download and configuration gaming method A method for sending a notification message using a modified form of User Datagram Protocol (UDP) multicast notification system in a client-server architecture that otherwise allows only client initiated messages. The method includes: identifying information at a server that has potential for inclusion in a notification message; querying a database for a list of clients that have registered for a particular type of notification by a UDP broadcast processor; receiving a reply with a list of clients that have registered for a particular type of notification from the database; and sending notification to all clients on the list using an assigned port number from the UDP broadcast processor.
US08195824B2	User service profile-based plug-in update method and apparatus for internet protocol television service A method and system for updating a plug-in in a device in Internet Protocol TeleVision (IPTV) system are provided. The method includes determining a second plug-in group selected from among a first plug-in group to be updated according to status information of each plug-in indicated in the first plug-in group in the device; and updating each plug-indicated in the determined second plug-in group.
US08195821B2	Autonomous information processing apparatus and method in a network of information processing apparatuses An apparatus and a method for implementing an execution configuration for efficiently recording and reproducing data using distributed nodes are provided. When data recording processing is performed for a plurality of distributed nodes connected to a network or when data recorded in the distributed nodes is collected and reproduced, a processing command apparatus sets data for determining for the nodes to determine whether to execute data recording or data reproducing and transmits a data processing request, in which the data for determination and data specifying data to be recorded or reproduced are stored, to the nodes so that the node side can autonomously determine whether to execute data processing based on the data for determination. This configuration eliminates the need for the command apparatus, which issues a processing request, to perform preprocessing such as the selection of a particular node, thus increasing the efficiency of data recording and reproducing processing for distributed nodes.
US08195817B2	Authentication of the geographic location of wireless communication devices What is disclosed is a method of operating a wireless communication network to authenticate a geographic location of a wireless communication device. The method includes transferring an authentication key for delivery to a service node, obtaining the geographic location of the wireless communication device, and authenticating the geographic location to create authenticated location information for the wireless communication device. The method also includes wirelessly transferring the authenticated location information to the wireless communication device, wirelessly receiving the authenticated location information from the wireless communication device for delivery to the service node, and transferring the authenticated location information for delivery to the service node, wherein the service node processes authenticated location information and the authentication key to identify the geographic location of the wireless communication device.
US08195813B2	Hybrid ACARS communication system The invention concerns a communication system via ACARS messages intended to be placed onboard an aircraft, said system comprising a router (310, 310′) adapted to route said messages from and to a plurality of VHF, HF, SATCOM sub-networks. The system comprises a switch (360, 365) and an AoIP conversion gateway (380), the switch being connected to an HF or SATCOM transceiver module (340, 350) by means of a first two-way link (341, 351), and to said AoIP gateway by means of a second two-way link (381), the switch being adapted to select said first two-way link when it lies in a first switch position and the second two-way link when it lies in a second switch position, the switch lying in the second switch position if the aircraft is on the ground or less than a predetermined distance from the ground, otherwise it lies in the first position.
US08195812B1	System and method for establishing a secure wireless communication path A communication system automatically provides a secure communication link between a device and a network. A switch initiates a wireless link between the switch and the network. Then, a secure communication path is created between the switch and the network. When a device is linked to the switch, the device is automatically granted access to the secure communication path created by the switch.
US08195807B2	System and method for providing a distributed virtual mobility agent An indication is received from the mobile station (114) indicating that the mobile station (114) is moving from an originating mobility agent (106) to a destination mobility agent (108). An identity of the destination mobility agent (108) is determined using the indication. Routing information is sent from the originating mobility agent (106) to the destination mobility agent (108) using the identity. Incoming data is routed to the mobile station (114) using the routing information.
US08195803B2	Method and apparatus for modeling and managing quality of service (QoS) in a service-oriented architecture (SOA) environment A method is provided for implementing data-driven QoS control in design and development of an SOA solution. The method comprises implementing a QoS layer having a first set of architectural building blocks (ABBs) and configured to specify a QoS requirement definition to be propagated through a set of components of the SOA solution to generate QoS data for controlling and managing QoS in a unified form; and implementing a data architecture layer having a second set of ABBs and configured to facilitate propagation of generated QoS data through the set of components in the SOA solution.
US08195799B1	Smart test article optimizer A method and apparatus to compare a control article against a test article to support a product or service is disclosed. A client indicates a selection of the test article to be compared with the control article. The articles are fed to multiple end users in response to requests from the end users. The requests or responses are tracked to determine whether the control article or test article has more negative or positive responses. The control article may then be replaced with the test article as a primary article to support the product or service if the test article has a predetermined amount of positive or negative responses when compared with the control article to increase efficiency in supporting the product or service.
US08195795B2	Device, method and system for detecting unwanted conversational media session Some embodiments of the invention relate to a method and a system for detecting unwanted conversational media session data. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a method of detecting unwanted conversation media session data according to some embodiments of the invention may include calculating two or more progressive similarity scores each with respect to a different instant during a progress of a real-time conversational media session, wherein each of said scores is associated with a similarity between the conversational media session's media data that was available at the associated instant and a reference data item corresponding to media data of a previous conversational media session, and evaluating progressive similarity between the real-time conversational media session and the reference data item based upon the two or more progressive similarity scores.
US08195794B2	System and method for analyzing remote traffic data in a distributed computing environment A system, method and storage medium embodying computer-readable code for analyzing traffic data in a distributed computing environment are described. The distributed computing environment includes a plurality of interconnected systems operatively coupled to a server, a source of traffic data hits and one or more results tables categorized by an associated data type. Each results table includes a plurality of records. The server is configured to exchange data packets with each interconnected system. Each traffic data hit corresponds to a data packet exchanged between the server and one such interconnected system. Each traffic data hit is collected from the traffic data hits source as access information into one such record in at least one results table according to the data type associated with the one such results table. Each of the records in the results table corresponds to a different type of access information for the data type associated with the results table. The access information collected into the results tables during a time slice is summarized periodically into analysis results. The time slice corresponds to a discrete reporting period. The access information is analyzed from the results tables in the analysis results to form analysis summaries according to the data types associated with the results tables.
US08195789B2	System, apparatus and method for characterizing messages to discover dependencies of services in service-oriented architectures A system, apparatus, computer readable medium and method are disclosed for identifying underlying services of transactions in a service-oriented architecture (“SOA”)-based computer network. In one embodiment, a computer readable medium includes executable instructions to characterize messages communicating among services to form characterizations of the messages. Also included are executable instructions to determine dependencies using the characterizations of messages within a subset of the services. These dependencies can be represented as dependency links interconnecting the subset of the services that effectuate a transaction of interest. By identifying the dependency links, the underlying services in SOA-based networked computer system can advantageously be determined for managing the behavior of the subset of the services and other distributed services of the SOA-based networked computer system.
US08195788B2	Method for checking the functionality of a content delivery network related system and computer product To check the functionality of a content Delivery Network in which the contents made available by at least a Content Provider are made available to a plurality of surrogate sites (POP1, POP2, POP3, . . . ) in the aforesaid contents are included fictitious contents (φ, φ(i), φn) which are selectively recognizable but inaccessible to users and Content. Providers. The functionality of the network is checked verifying the availability of the aforesaid fictitious contents (φ, φ(i), φn) at the surrogate sites (POP1, POP2, POP3, . . . ). The aforesaid fictitious contents are marked with information pertaining to time (TTL), and localization. It is thus possible to verify the updating of the contents made available at the various surrogate sites (POP1, POP2, POP3, . . . ) as well as the proper operation of the network from the geographic point of view, also in regards to the delivery of the contents in conditions of minimum service time.
US08195787B2	Content management application for an interactive environment The content management application is an intranet application which provides a process for implementing changes to an internet website of a company by providing the company the ability to define and enforce a common style of page layout. The application can be accessed via a desktop browser and multiple users may access the application for multiple reasons at the same time. The application also dynamically generates new page designs and new component design with various people assigned to groups or teams enabling the continuous creation and processing of content. Once the content is created and reviewed, it is then launched onto the company's internet site for viewing by the internet users accessing the company's web page.
US08195785B2	Dynamic server consolidation and rationalization modeling tool A method and system for providing efficient and flexible techniques for modeling technical and economic benefits of consolidating information technology (IT) systems, hardware, software, network, and other infrastructure are described. The system includes a data processing system configured to receive data from a user. The system also includes an input collection system communicatively coupled to the data processing system, with the input collection system designed to organize, convert, and sort the data to generate baseline server information. In addition, the system includes an optimization system communicatively coupled to the data processing system, with the optimization system designed to generate one or more server consolidation models based on the baseline server information. Further, based on the generated one or more server consolidation models, a recommendation can be generated.
US08195784B2	Linear programming formulation of resources in a data center An exemplary method for performing work in a data center includes receiving a request for resources in a data center, solving a linear programming formulation that accounts for the request and at least some of the resources in the data center and performing work the request based at least in part on the solving of the linear programming formulation. Such a method can include a linear programming formulation that accounts for multi-core chips and DRAM systems. Various other method, devices, systems, etc., are also disclosed.
US08195783B2	Flexible rating rules and calender rules implemented in a real-time charging system for a telecommunications network By coupling a rating engine with call processing, rating rules are generated that enable a flexible interface between call process and call rating without necessitating that fixed data be passed between them. The real time charging system (RCS) provides a process that creates a generic entity, called a bucket, and uses it to keep track of account information and/or to count types of usage. The bucket allows an operator to define accounts and usage counters and how they are used as part of the rating rules. Use of these buckets is defined in rating rules, thus turning control over subscriber account and usage counters to the network operator. Further, the RCS provides a calendar option for limiting times during which calls to general telephone numbers can be made or received.
US08195781B2	Network management with scalable trap definitions One embodiment disclosed relates to a process of configuring a network management system to support a new event trap. A new trap definition file is created which corresponds to the event trap. The new trap definition file is dropped into a trap definitions folder that is known to the network management system, Another embodiment disclosed relates to a method of processing an event trap by network management software. The trap is received, and a determination is made as to the trap code of the trap. Trap definition files in a trap definitions folder are scanned for a corresponding trap definition file having the trap code. Other embodiments are also disclosed.
US08195780B2	Market data domain and enterprise system implemented by a master entitlement processor A computer system including a master entitlement processor for storing user information, such as user passwords and access permissions, and a user computer system for allowing a user to operate an application in accordance with the user information corresponding to the user. The user computer system preferably includes a plurality of server computers organized into an enterprise including a plurality of domains. Two-way communication between the master entitlement processor and the server computers facilitates accurate storage, reliable access and easy modification of the user information. Organization of the server computers into domains allows good fault tolerance and robust failover and failback operations through static and dynamic loadbalancing.
US08195777B2	System and method for adding a standby computer into clustered computer system There is provided a method of adding a new computer as a standby computer to a computer system that includes an active computer for performing service processing and a standby computer for storing replica of data stored in the active computer. The replica of the data stored in the standby computer is updated when the data stored in the active computer is updated. The method comprising the steps of: selecting the standby computer from the computer system; transferring the replica of the data stored in the selected standby computer to the new computer; and transferring update information on data updated in the active computer after the transferring the replica of the data is started, to the new computer.
US08195774B2	Distributed virtual switch for virtualized computer systems A method for persisting a state of a virtual port in a virtualized computer system is described. A distributed virtual port (DVport) is stored in a persistent storage location, the DVport comprising a state of a corresponding virtual port and configuration settings of the virtual port. In addition, an association between the virtual port and the virtual network interface card (VNIC) connected to the virtual port is stored. When a virtual machine corresponding to the VNIC is restarted, the state from the DVport is restored to a new virtual port from the persistent storage location.
US08195773B2	n-Tier configured IMAP server An n-tier configured Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) compliant mail server. A collaborative messaging application can include an IMAP compliant mail server configured for operation within an n-tier enterprise environment provided by an application server. The collaborative messaging application also can include a markup language driven interface to the IMAP compliant mail server disposed within a Web container in the application server. A data store can be configured to store messages process by the IMAP compliant mail server. Finally, a directory can be configured to provide configuration and addressing data to the IMAP compliant mail server. Importantly, the IMAP compliant mail server can include a set of platform independent classes programmed for execution in a virtual machine and specifically operable in the n-tier enterprise environment. In particular, the virtual machine can be a Java virtual machine and the n-tier enterprise environment can include J2EE.
US08195770B1	System, method and computer program product for asynchronous mirroring Mirroring write operations from a local storage system to a remote storage system. Such mirroring comprises intercepting I/O transactions to a storage disk of the local storage system, identifying a series of write transactions to said storage disk from the intercepted I/O transactions, storing an exact copy of the series of write transactions within a series of files that are created on a file-system of the local storage system, and transmitting the series of files from the local storage system to the remote storage system to accommodate a reproduction at the remote storage system of the series of write transactions as issued to said storage disk of the local storage system.
US08195763B2	Secure method of synchronizing cache contents of a mobile browser with a server A method of securely synchronizing cache contents of a mobile browser with a server includes initiating a session between the browser and server, including transmission of browser state information regarding the cache contents and an authentication key to the server; maintaining a record of data sent from the server to the browser for storage in the cache; maintaining a record of the state information regarding the cache contents transmitted from the browser to the server; and transmitting data requests from the browser to the server, in response to which the server uses the key as a seed generation function and accesses each the record of data and returns only data that does not already form part of the cache contents, and wherein the data includes a result of a hash of data generated by the generation function for authentication by the browser before updating the cache contents with the data.
US08195760B2	File aggregation in a switched file system In a switched file system, a file switching device is logically positioned between clients and file servers and communicates with the clients and the file servers using standard network file protocols. The file switching device appears as a server to the client devices and as a client to the file servers. The file switching device aggregates storage from multiple file servers into a global filesystem and presents a global namespace to the client devices. The file switching device typically supports a “native” mode for integrating legacy files into the global namespace and an “extended” mode for actively managing files across one or more file servers. Typically, native-mode files may be accessed directly or indirectly via the file switching device, while extended-mode files may be accessed only through the file switching device. The file switching device may manage file storage using various types of rules, e.g., for managing multiple storage tiers or for applying different types of encoding schemes to files. Rules may be applied to pre-existing files.
US08195754B2	Unsolicited message communication characteristics A mail server makes use of characteristics of the transport and/or application layer flow (e.g., TCP and SMTP) of received email to determine whether those characteristics are consistent with spam, for example, exhibiting behavior consistent with traffic competing for link access, large round trip times and resource constrained hosts. In some examples, a statistical technique is used to process flow characteristics of a message, optionally with other characteristics of the message, to characterize the message as spam versus a valid message.
US08195747B2	User identity based instant messaging session monitoring A method and a system for managing communications over a network. The method can include receiving from a first user at least one user identifier associated with a second user and receiving at least one session identifier. The session identifier can correlate to a chat session on the network. Responsive to the second user posting a chat in the chat session while the first user is not currently participating in the chat session, a user notification can be generated to alert the first user that the second user has posted the chat, and to identify the chat session. The user notification can be presented to the first user via a client communicatively linked to the network.
US08195730B2	Apparatus and method for conversion into a transformed representation or for inverse conversion of the transformed representation For converting first and second blocks of discrete values into a transformed representation, the first block is transformed according to a first transformation rule and then rounded. Then, the rounded transformed values are summed with the second block of original discrete values, to then process the summation result according to a second transformation rule. The output values of the transformation via the second transformation rule are again rounded and then subtracted from the original discrete values of the first block of discrete values to obtain a block of integer output values of the transformed representation. By this multi-dimensional lifting scheme, a lossless integer transformation is obtained, which can be reversed by applying the same transformation rule, but with different signs in summation and subtraction, respectively, so that an inverse integer transformation can also be obtained. Compared to a separation of a transformation in rotations, on the one hand, a significantly reduced computing complexity is achieved and, on the other hand, an accumulation of approximation errors is prevented.
US08195727B2	Convert significand of decimal floating point data from packed decimal format A decimal floating point finite number in a decimal floating point format is composed from the number in a different format. A decimal floating point format includes fields to hold information relating to the sign, exponent and significand of the decimal floating point finite number. Other decimal floating point data, including infinities and NaNs (not a number), are also composed. Decimal floating point data are also decomposed from the decimal floating point format to a different format. For composition and decomposition, one or more instructions may be employed, including one or more convert instructions.
US08195725B2	Electronic device and method therefor An electronic device comprises a user communication interface, a memory for storing music tracks, a music player capable of playing back the music tracks, and a processor provided for measuring, for each of the music tracks, how many times the music track is played back and how long time the music track is played back each time; calculating a parameter value for each of the music tracks based on how many times the music track is played back and how long time the music track is played back each time; and creating a play list of music tracks based on the parameter values.
US08195723B2	Document management system for building maintenance and operational documents A document management system separates building information into a variety of data sets. Each data set has at least one common attribute that links it to all other types of data sets for the building. The information for maintaining the building is stored in a manner allowing users to retrieve only selective information from a vast amount of stored information. Users can query and retrieve data sets in a vast number of combinations relating to a specific building, or floor, room, system or system component in the building.
US08195713B2	Information life-cycle management system, information management server apparatus, electronic media control apparatus, and storage medium In one embodiment of the present invention, the information management server apparatus includes an information management relation DB which stores the issued management ID and forming time and date information, user information, a medium type, a use limitation policy, and information management server information in a header portion of the copied management file in association with each other with respect to a management ID of a management file in management file copying request information. The electronic medium control apparatus requests an electronic copying of the management file. The management file is managed in the information management relation DB.
US08195712B1	Lattice data set-based methods and apparatus for information storage and retrieval In one aspect, an apparatus according to the invention comprises a lattice data set with a partial order of concepts (LDSWPOC) including a plurality of data elements, each of which belongs to exactly one associated concept. The set of concepts carries the structure of a partial order. Each data elements associated with a concept may be linked to one or more other data elements associated with one or more other concepts. The links define (i) a path between data elements directly linked thereby and/or (ii) a portion of a path between data elements linked by intermediate subsets of data elements. The paths define a relationship between the data elements in accord with the partial order of the concepts with which they are associated, such that selected conditions and/or constraints (collectively, “conditions”) are satisfied.
US08195710B2	Method for summarizing data in unaggregated data streams A method for producing a summary A of data points in an unaggregated data stream wherein the data points are in the form of weighted keys (a, w) where a is a key and w is a weight, and the summary is a sample of k keys a with adjusted weights wa. A first reservoir L includes keys having adjusted weights which are additions of weights of individual data points of included keys and a second reservoir T includes keys having adjusted weights which are each equal to a threshold value τ whose value is adjusted based upon tests of new data points arriving in the data stream. The summary combines the keys and adjusted weights of the first reservoir L with the keys and adjusted weights of the second reservoir T to form the sample representing the data stream upon which further analysis may be performed. The method proceeds by first merging new data points in the stream into the reservoir L until the reservoir contains k different keys and thereafter applying a series of tests to new arriving data points to determine what keys and weights are to be added to or removed the reservoirs L and T to provide a summary with a variance that approaches the minimum possible for aggregated data sets. The method is composable, can be applied to high speed data streams such as those found on the Internet, and can be implemented efficiently.
US08195709B2	Comparison of models of a complex system The invention relates to a method for comparing computer-based and data-processing models of a complex system, with a first model and a second model of the system, whereby the models reflect a model of a system behavior by means of predefined objects which represent activities and units within the system. The inventive method comprises the steps of comparing the models and destination of corresponding respective predefined objects of the first and second model, detecting differences in attributes of corresponding predefined objects and outputting the differences to a user. The use of predefined objects—that is, of objects that pertain to a known set of types—enables a more-efficient comparison of models than in unstructured models.
US08195703B1	System and method for storage of disparate items by a database A computer program for inventorying a items with attributes. The items are recorded as encoded items by the program. The program maintains a contents table with attribute records each with an identity field, a name field, and a value field. There is an interface for inputting and retrieving item attribute values. Each encoded item is assigned a unique identity value. Each encoded item is represented by one or more attribute records, each storing (1) the unique identity value in the identity field, (2) an attribute type value associated with a particular attribute in the name field, and (3) an encoded value associated with the particular attribute in the value field.
US08195700B2	Distributed storage for collaboration servers Distributed storage of collaboration data is managed over internal and external data stores in a collaboration service environment based on categorization of the data. The categorization may be based on type of data (e.g. structured vs. unstructured), how the data is accessed, an expected storage life for the data, back-up requirements, and the like. Data that can be stored externally according to its category is then directed to the external storage through a storage provider. A unique identifier associated with the location of the externally stored data is saved in one of the internal data stores for seamless retrieval of data in a transparent manner to the user.
US08195691B2	Query-based tree formation The structuring of data items in a hierarchical structure. A user interface permits a user to define, for each generation of a hierarchical tree, the child characteristics for child data items of particular nodes in the hierarchical tree. Then, a query, or a query template, may be formulated using the child characteristic and the designated parent data item. This may be repeatedly performed to allow for multiple generations of data items to be formed. The query may, at some point, be submitted to identify which data items are child data items or the parent data item. The data items that result from the query (or at least a portion of the data items) may then be assigned as child data items of the parent data item. The query may be postponed until the node is expanded by the user.
US08195658B2	Method of storing phone book data in mobile communication terminal and a mobile communication terminal implementing the same A method and mobile communication terminal for storing phone book data in the mobile communication terminal are provided in which phone book data can be registered group-by-group, where a predetermined is selected group among the registered groups in response to a user's request, and at least one of phone book data stored in the selected group is moved and stored into a group assigned by the user when a phone book data movement request is input by the user. Accordingly, a plurality of phone book data stored in a predetermined group among phone book data stored in a group basis in a mobile communication terminal can be easily moved and stored into another group. In addition, since the user can easily store phone book data whose group is not identified in a predetermined group, user convenience improves.
US08195654B1	Prediction of human ratings or rankings of information retrieval quality A statistical model may be created that relates human ratings of documents to objective signals generated from the documents, search queries, and/or other information (e.g., query logs). The model can then be used to predict human ratings/rankings for new documents/search query pairs. These predicted ratings can be used to, for example, refine rankings from a search engine or assist in evaluating or monitoring the efficacy of a search engine system.
US08195653B2	Relevance improvements for implicit local queries Computer systems, methods, and media improving the relevance of the search results presented to a user for queries having an implicit local intent are provided. Utilizing the systems and methods described herein locally-biased queries are identified, despite such queries being void of any location-specific terms. A location of a computing device associated with the user is determined and localized web search results associated with the data item pair comprising the input query and the user's determined location are generated and presented to the user.
US08195648B2	Partitioned query execution in event processing systems Methods, systems, and computer-readable media are disclosed for partitioned query execution in event processing systems. A particular method includes receiving a plurality of events via an input stream. The plurality of events is partitioned into one or more groups, and a query application module is instantiated for each of the one or more groups based on a compiled query application plan. Each particular query application module for a particular group is configured to apply a query to events of the particular group to generate partial results. The method includes merging the partial results of each of the query application modules to generate merged output results and providing the output results to an output stream.
US08195644B2	System, method, and computer-readable medium for optimization of multiple parallel join operations on skewed data A system, method, and computer-readable medium that facilitate management of data skew during a parallel multiple join operation are provided. Portions of tables involved in the join operation are distributed among a plurality of processing modules, and each of the processing modules is provided with a list of skewed values of a join column of a larger table involved in the join operation. Each of the processing modules scans the rows of first and second tables distributed to the processing modules and compares values of the join columns of both tables with the list of skewed values. Rows of a larger table having non-skewed values in the join column are redistributed, and rows of the larger table having skewed values in the join column are maintained locally at the processing modules. Rows of the smaller table that have non-skewed values in the join column are redistributed, and rows of the smaller table that have skewed values in the join column are duplicated among the processing modules. Rows of a third table involved in the join operation are redistributed based on the join attribute value of the rows. A local join data set is then generated by each of the processing modules, and the parallel join is completed by merging each of the processing module's local join data set.
US08195643B2	Database calculation engine A select query or a data referencing a calculation scenario is received by a database server from a remote application server. The specified calculation scenario is one of a plurality of calculation scenarios and it defines a data flow model that includes one or more calculation nodes. Each calculation node defines one or more operations to execute on the database server. Thereafter, the database server instantiates the specified calculation scenario and executes the operations defined by the calculation nodes of the instantiated calculation scenario to result in a responsive data set. This data set is then provided by the database server to the application server. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.
US08195639B2	Information processing apparatus, music distribution system, music distribution method and computer program There is provided an information processing apparatus including a music storage portion to store music data, a music playback portion to play back music data, a metadata acquisition portion to acquire metadata describing information about the music data being played back in the music playback portion, a metadata transmission portion to transmit the metadata acquired in the metadata acquisition portion to the distribution server, a music reception portion to receive music data selected in the distribution server based on the information contained in the metadata and distributed from the distribution server, a music acquisition portion to acquire the music data from the music storage portion based on the information contained in the metadata, and a control portion to control the music playback portion to play back the music data distributed from the distribution server and the music data acquired from the music storage portion by the music acquisition portion.
US08195634B2	Domain-aware snippets for search results Techniques are disclosed for providing a domain-aware snippet for a search result. With such techniques, a domain classification component is provided for identifying a template used to generate a plurality of web pages of a domain, associating the template and content of the web pages related to the template with a Uniform Resource Locator pattern of the plurality of web pages, and storing the associated template, the related content, and the Uniform Resource Locator pattern in a database. A snippet extraction component is also provided for extracting text from a section of a web page of the plurality of web pages for a snippet of a search result corresponding to a search query, wherein the extracted text is based on a ranking value of the section and the relevance of the extracted text to the search query.
US08195622B2	Method and apparatus for simplifying the decoding of data The various methods and devices described herein relate to devices which, in at least certain embodiments, may include a method of decoding data or a data stream in a file, which may include checking for a first data portion of a plurality of data portions in the file, the first data portion having a first data value, reading in data from another data portion of the plurality of data portions, decoding or decompressing the data, performing a checksum operation on the decoded data if the first data portion having the first data value is not detected, and skipping a checksum operation on the decoded data if the first data portion having the first data value is detected. In the embodiment, a checksum operation on encoded data may also be skipped. In an embodiment, the first data value may include information or instructions about how a decoder may decode the data and may also include a tag or identifier.
US08195619B2	Extent reference count update system and method Systems and methods for extent reference count updates are presented. In one embodiment; a reference count update method includes: receiving an indication of new reference association with an extent of a shared storage component; generating reference count update log information for a reference count update log to indicate the new reference association with an extent of a shared storage component, wherein the altering occurs inline; forwarding a successful data update indicator to initiator of activity triggering the new reference association with the extent of the shared storage component; and updating a reference count table in accordance with the information in the reference count update log, wherein the updating is included in a background process.
US08195617B2	Managing data across a plurality of data storage devices based upon collaboration relevance A computer-implemented method of managing data storage according to collaborative activity can include determining collaborative activity for each of a plurality of data items associated with a first user and stored within a first data storage device. The method can include calculating a measure of relevancy for each of the plurality of data items according to the collaborative activity and comparing the measure of relevancy of each of the plurality of data items to at least one relevancy threshold. Different ones of the plurality of data items can be selectively migrated from the first data storage device to a second data storage device according to the comparison of the measure of relevancy of each of the plurality of data items.
US08195615B2	Using a heartbeat signal to maintain data consistency for writes to source storage copied to target storage Provided are a method, system, and program for using a heartbeat signal to maintain data consistency for writes to source storage copied to target storage. A copy relationship associates a source storage and target storage pair, wherein writes received at the source storage are transferred to the target storage. A determination is made whether a signal has been received from a system within a receive signal interval. A freeze operation is initiated to cease receiving writes at the source storage from an application in response to determining that the signal has not been received within the receive signal interval. A thaw operation is initiated to continue receiving write operations at the source storage from applications after a lapse of a freeze timeout in response to the freeze operation, wherein after the thaw operation, received writes completed at the source storage are not transferred to the target storage.
US08195589B2	Apparatus for dynamically determining primary adapter in a heterogeneous N-way adapter configuration A method and apparatus are provided for dynamically determining a primary adapter in a heterogeneous N-way adapter configuration. Each of the adapters generates information about itself and exchanges the information with all other adapters. First a decision-making adapter is identified. Then the decision-making adapter compares the adapter-generated information of all the adapters and makes a decision determining the primary adapter. The decision-making adapter communicates the decision to all other adapters. The determined primary adapter assumes a role as the primary adapter and the other adapters assume a role as a secondary adapter.
US08195583B2	Correlating instruction sequences with CPU performance events to improve software performance A system and method are disclosed for correlating instruction sequences. A plurality of instructions is processed to parse a first sequence of instructions comprising a first area of interest. A first instruction sequence pattern is then generated from the first sequence of instructions. Pattern matching operations are performed with the first instruction sequence pattern. A second sequence of instructions are parsed, comprising a second instruction sequence pattern and a second address of interest that is a substantially equivalent match to the first instruction sequence pattern.
US08195572B2	DRM content player and play method for portable terminal A Digital Rights Management (DRM) content player and play method for a portable terminal are disclosed. The DRM content player includes a first memory unit for storing a license stating usage rights upon an associated DRM content, and a content list of DRM contents, a second memory unit for storing the DRM content associated with the license, wherein the DRM content and associated license are received from an external source, a first controller for controlling the first memory unit, and finding a desired license in the first memory and sending the found license to the second memory unit, and a second controller for communicating with the first controller and controlling the second memory unit.
US08195571B2	Web-based system and method to capture and distribute royalties for access to copyrighted academic texts by preventing unauthorized access to discussion boards associated with copyrighted academic texts A system and method for preventing unauthorized access to copyrighted academic texts is provided in which trademark licenses, discussion boards, and grade content are integrated into a web-based system that aligns the interests of teaching professionals, students, and publishers while also enhancing the overarching academic mission to create and disseminate knowledge.
US08195569B2	E-bazaar featuring personal information security Utilization of the E-Metro Community and Personal Information Agents assure an effective and comprehensive agent-rule based command and control of informational assets in a networked computer environment. The concerns of informational privacy and informational self-determination are addressed squarely by the invention affording persons and entities a trusted means to author, secure, search, process, and exchange personal and/or confidential information in a networked computer environment. The formation of trusted electronic communities wherein members command and control their digital persona, exchanging or brokering for value the trusted utility of their informational assets is made possible by the invention. The present invention provides for the trusted utilization of personal data in electronic markets, providing both communities and individuals aggregate and individual rule-based control of the processing of their personal data.
US08195568B2	Method and apparatus for a payment card system A payment card (30) and payment system (12) that can be used by a customer (20) to perform a transaction with a merchant (22) using an existing bankcard (31) of the customer (20). In some of the embodiments, the payment card (30) provides a level of security to the customer (20) because the payment card (30) does not identify the customer (20) by name. Further, the card number and/or expiration date of the bankcard (31) is not disclosed to the merchant (22).
US08195567B2	Methods and systems for providing scanned mail delivery channel and automatic payment of reply mail Exemplary systems and methods eliminate a check or a remittance stub from a bill payment process, which may simplify the bill payment process for consumers, providers, and check processing systems. A delivery service provider receives a delivery item at a delivery processing center. It is determined that an account associated with the delivery item is designated for electronic payment. Contents of the delivery item are scanned, and converted into electronic data, which is made available to a biller.
US08195562B2	System and method for displaying market information and order placement in an electronic trading environment A system and method are provided for displaying a trading screen and placing an order in an electronic trading environment. The system and method may be used to assist a trader in selecting an item of interest, such as the inside market (best bid and best ask) to be displayed relative to a user configured location on the trading screen, such as the center of the trading screen. In a preferred embodiment, the inside market will stay located relative to center of the trading screen and the price levels associated to the inside market will move as the market conditions fluctuate. Other features and advantages are described herein.
US08195554B2	Method and interface for consolidating price levels on a trading screen A trading screen may display price and quantity information for price levels in a static axis of prices. The static axis of prices may be divided into two or more different regions. The price and quantity information for one or more of the regions may be consolidated from price and quantity information from plurality of un-consolidated price levels.
US08195551B2	System and method for presenting a competitive comparison of a recommended or custom card A system, computer product and method for presenting a competitive comparison of a recommended financial transaction instrument. A set of questions is presented to a consumer in order to determine psychographic characteristics of the consumer. At least one subset of questions is presented based on answers to the set of questions, the at least one subset of questions relating more specifically to available benefits. A tailored financial transaction instrument is recommended having benefits which are based on answers to the at least one subset of questions. At least one similar competitive financial transaction instrument is presented to the consumer.
US08195548B2	System and method for regulating order entry in an electronic trading environment A system and method are provided for defining slop parameters to an individual spread order or a customized group of orders. The system and method may be used to, for example, define inside slop, outside slop, and/or adjustable range parameters to one or more orders. The inside slop, outside slop, and/or adjustable range parameters may be input by a trader, and, among other things, allow a trader to prioritize orders, set parameters so that some orders are re-priced more aggressively than other spread orders. Alternatively, slop parameters associated with a spread order may also apply more restrictive slop parameters to orders within the same adjustable range. Slop parameters associated with a spread order can also be configured and modified by a trader based on the trader's preferences. Other features and advantages are described herein.
US08195546B2	Methods and systems for risk evaluation Methods, systems and computer products are provided for risk evaluation. A computer may assign a risk to an object which has an object estimation-value. The computer may also receive a risk estimation-value for the risk. The computer may re-calculate the object estimation-value based on the risk estimation-value.
US08195545B2	Visual representation and configuration of trading strategies A system and method are provided to visually represent and configure trading strategies used in electronic trading. The system and method may be used to visually represent, among other things, an acceptable range of prices for a trading strategy in relation to a graphical user interface. The acceptable range of prices may be input by a trader to limit when one or more orders are moved from one price to another. The acceptable range of prices can be displayed on a graphical user interface using visual indicators. Using the visual indicators, the acceptable range of prices can also be configured and modified by a trader based on the trader's preferences. Other features and advantages are described herein.
US08195543B2	Methods and systems for determining composition of a commodity index Methods and systems provide a commodity index for investing. In one implementation, a method selects a commodity component for inclusion in the commodity index and calculates a target weight of the commodity component. The method further selects a time interval for maturity of the commodity component to be fixed at from a current date. Financial instruments may be purchased corresponding to the commodity component.
US08195540B2	Sponsored facsimile to e-mail transmission methods and apparatus A method for sending an e-mail message comprises receiving a transmission instruction page, entering a plurality of text entries from a user on the transmission instruction page to form a filled-in transmission instruction page, wherein the plurality of text entries includes an e-mail address, and sending a facsimile to a facsimile server, wherein the facsimile includes the filled-in transmission instruction page and one or more pages of a document, wherein the facsimile server converts the facsimile into an e-mail attachment, wherein the facsimile server sends the e-mail message including a service provider indicator and the e-mail attachment to the e-mail address, wherein the facsimile server optically derives the e-mail address from the transmission instruction page of the facsimile, and wherein facsimile server need not know the e-mail address prior to receiving the facsimile.
US08195538B2	Fee allocator system and method A system is provided for automatically billing a designated account for fees associated with the costs of tickets and other similar services. Passenger Record Number data and similar data is provided through a Computerized Reservation System and an accounting system to a Fee Allocator program which automatically interprets the data, determines appropriate fees based on the data and a user profile, and bills the fees to an appropriate account based on the user profile. Billing data provided to the account also facilitates the process of reconciling the fees to the travel ticket costs. Enhanced descriptive billing statements can be created simplifying the process of reconciling fees to the travel ticket costs.
US08195527B2	Method and system for evaluating product substitutions along multiple criteria in response to a sales opportunity A system and method evaluate product substitutions along multiple criteria in response to a sales opportunity, for instance, providing sales recommendations of configurable products in response to a customer request based on propensity functions. A customer propensity is determined to estimate attractiveness of a substitute product to a customer based on one or more attributes. A seller propensity is determined to estimate attractiveness to a seller of selling the substitute product based on one or more attributes. The customer propensity and the seller propensity are combined to find a plurality of substitute products.
US08195521B1	Method of and system for processing transactions A method of and system for conducting electronic commerce segments an enterprise is segmented into a single firm side system, and multiple customer facing and street side systems. The firm side system maintains a single system of record for the enterprise. The customer facing systems provide an interface between the enterprise and the customer. The street side systems are in communication with the customer facing systems. The street side systems provide an interface between the enterprise and various markets.
US08195512B2	System and method for serving relevant question-based advertisements Question-based advertising over a network where question-based advertisement selection takes into consideration the content of adjacent material. In various aspects, the adjacent material may be physical and in proximity to a terminal where the question is presented, it may be virtual and be displayed on the same terminal as the question, and it may precede or succeed the question in time.
US08195506B2	System, method and computer readable medium for billing based on a duration of a service period A system, method, and computer readable medium for billing based on a duration of a service period, comprises sending fleet data from a third party entity to a toll authority via a toll rental entity, matching toll data with the fleet data by the toll authority, if the toll data matches the fleet data: charging an account by the toll authority and sending the matched data to the toll rental entity, determining, by the toll rental entity, if the sent matched data is related to an opt-in for duration based tolling or an opt-out for duration based tolling, if the sent matched data is related to an opt-in for duration based tolling, charging the third party entity for the duration based tolling, and if the sent matched data is related to an opt-out for duration based tolling, applying at least one of: a fee for the duration based tolling, a toll usage amount, a service fee for the duration based tolling, and a service fee for the toll usage.
US08195495B2	Computer system and method for handling encounters A method of computing to produce a schedule of meetings, the method including: entering into a computer parameters defining an event of meetings of members; entering into the computer a data set for each of the members, the set including: at least one classification characterizing the member, at least one classification for meeting other of the members, and if more than one classification for meeting is entered, a corresponding ranking of the classifications for meeting the other members; and generating a schedule of the meetings for the members by using the classifications and the rankings, if any.
US08195493B2	Concise communication of real-time business information in an enterprise network A method, system, computer program product, and related business methods for concisely communicating real-time business information to end users in an enterprise network is described. An integrated business system having at least ERP and CRM functionality is accessed via a browser-based user interface. A plurality of portlet windows are simultaneously displayed within a browser window, each portlet window occupying a relatively small area therein. The portlet windows are selected and arranged according to a customizable user profile for each user, and include reporting portlets displaying up-to-date business results retrieved from the integrated business system. Each reporting portlet further comprises report access links associated with at least one of the business results that, when selected by the user, invoke browser-based displays of up-to-date business data underlying those business results. Preferably, in accordance with a user-customizable alert setting stored in the user profile, regular electronic mail messages are sent to the user communicating up-to-date versions of those business results. Preferably, data labels that identify business items within the browser-based user interface and on the electronic mails are expressed in a business vernacular tuned to each user according to customizable business vernacular settings in their user profiles.
US08195490B2	Agent security via approximate solvers Efficient heuristic methods are described for approximating the optimal leader strategy for security domains where threats come from unknown adversaries. These problems can be modeled as Bayes-Stackelberg games. An embodiment of the heuristic method can include defining a patrolling or security domain problem as a mixed-integer quadratic program. The mixed-integer quadratic program can be converted to a mixed-integer linear program. For a single follower (e.g., robber or terrorist) scenario, the mixed-integer linear program can be solved, subject to appropriate constraints. For embodiments applicable to multiple follower situations, the relevant mixed-integer quadratic program and related mixed-integer linear program can be decomposed, e.g., by changing the response function for the follower from a pure strategy to a weighted combination over various pure follower strategies where the weights are probabilities of occurrence of each of the follower types.
US08195488B1	System and methods for managing dynamic teams A system and methods for managing dynamic teams, and in particular, for dynamically creating and modifying a team-based workflow is provided. The methods include defining a plurality of generic roles; assigning participants to the team; defining focus items; associating the focus items with the plurality of generic roles; and assigning each of the participants at least one of the plurality of generic roles.
US08195487B2	Computer networks According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of analyzing a computer infrastructure providing a service, an intended quality level of the service being defined by at least one service level objective defining a service level quality objective and a related compliance level, the computer infrastructure comprising a plurality of components, the method comprising: obtaining first service level objective compliance data for a selected service level objective, the compliance data being calculated using data collected from the computer infrastructure; calculating second service level objective compliance data for the selected service level objective using in part the collected data and for a selected service level quality objective a value that meets that objective; calculating a difference between the first and second data; and identifying, based on the calculated difference, one or more components suitable for modification.
US08195479B2	Maintaining person's medical history in self-contained portable memory device A method of recording, updating, and accessing a person's medical history over time includes the steps of maintaining the person's medical history in a portable memory device that includes both the medical history and a program that stores medical records in a secure database in the portable memory device, updates the medical records in the secure database, and provides access to the medical records in the secure database. The program is executable using any electronic device having a processor that is capable of accessing the portable memory device. Using the method, a person is able to record, update, and access that person's medical history without the need for special software, and without the need for access to a website or to a database of medical records, that is external to the memory device.
US08195475B1	Method for optimally determining appropriate ergonomics for occupants of a workspace A business method for optimally determining appropriate ergonomics of occupants of a workspace including a metric determined from personal-, environmental- and task-related attributes.
US08195468B2	Mobile systems and methods of supporting natural language human-machine interactions A mobile system is provided that includes speech-based and non-speech-based interfaces for telematics applications. The mobile system identifies and uses context, prior information, domain knowledge, and user specific profile data to achieve a natural environment for users that submit requests and/or commands in multiple domains. The invention creates, stores and uses extensive personal profile information for each user, thereby improving the reliability of determining the context and presenting the expected results for a particular question or command. The invention may organize domain specific behavior and information into agents, that are distributable or updateable over a wide area network.
US08195466B2	Methods and systems for sight impaired wireless capability A method for sending data to a sight impaired user, the method comprising, receiving data from a data resource, determining whether the data is compatible with a Symbian API, transcoding the data into a first format compatible with the Symbian API, determining whether the data is compatible with a TALKS filter, transcoding the data into a second format compatible with the TALKS filter, determining whether the data is usable by a sight impaired user, transcoding the data into a third format usable by a sight impaired user responsive to determining that the data is not usable by a sight impaired user, converting a data type definition associated with the data into a format compatible with a user profile, sending the received data to a user mobile device, wherein the mobile device is operative to convert the data into an audible output.
US08195465B2	Time-warping of decoded audio signal after packet loss A technique is described for use in a decoder configured to decode a series of frames representing an encoded audio signal. The technique is for transitioning between a lost frame and one or more received frames following the lost frame in the series of frames. In accordance with the technique, an output audio signal associated with the lost frame is synthesized. An extrapolated signal is generated based on the synthesized output audio signal. A time lag is calculated between the extrapolated signal and a decoded audio signal associated with the received frame(s), wherein the time lag represents a phase difference between the extrapolated signal and the decoded audio signal. The decoded audio signal is time-warped based on the time lag, wherein time-warping the decoded audio signal comprises stretching or shrinking the decoded audio signal in the time domain.
US08195460B2	Speaker characterization through speech analysis A computer implemented method, data processing system, apparatus and computer program product for determining current behavioral, psychological and speech styles characteristics of a speaker in a given situation and context, through analysis of current speech utterances of the speaker. The analysis calculates different prosodic parameters of the speech utterances, consisting of unique secondary derivatives of the primary pitch and amplitude speech parameters, and compares these parameters with pre-obtained reference speech data, indicative of various behavioral, psychological and speech styles characteristics. The method includes the formation of the classification speech parameters reference database, as well as the analysis of the speaker's speech utterances in order to determine the current behavioral, psychological and speech styles characteristics of the speaker in the given situation.
US08195459B1	Augmentation and calibration of output from non-deterministic text generators by modeling its characteristics in specific environments Outputs of an automatic probabilistic event detection system, such as a fact extraction system, a speech-to-text engine or an automatic character recognition system, are matched with comparable results produced manually or by a different system. This comparison allows statistical modeling of the run-time behavior of the event detection system. This model can subsequently be used to give supplemental or replacement data for an output sequence of the system. In particular, the model can effectively calibrate the system for use with data of a particular statistical nature.
US08195457B1	System and method for automatically sending text of spoken messages in voice conversations with voice over IP software A communications system and method, comprising means for receiving a speech input from a user; converting the received speech input to a text representation thereof; communicating the text representation remotely from the user; and at least one of reproducing the speech input and displaying the text representation remotely from the user; and converting the text representation into speech remotely from the user.
US08195455B2	Apparatus and method for sound recognition in portable device Provided are an apparatus and a method capable of recognizing a sound through a reduced burden of computations and a noise-tolerant technique. The sound recognition apparatus in a portable device includes a memory unit that stores at least one base sound and a sound input unit that receives a sound input. The sound recognition apparatus also includes a control unit that receives the sound input from the sound input unit, extracts peak values of the sound input, calculates statistical data by using the peak values, and determines whether the sound input is equal to a base sound by using the statistical data.
US08195453B2	Distributed intelligibility testing system A distributed intelligibility testing system provides standardized audio tests to a plurality of remotely located client systems. The testing system includes a test manager that records a plurality of audio test words based on established intelligibility standards and generates a test protocol corresponding to the audio test words. A database receives and stores the audio test words and the test protocol. The audio test words are stored as a plurality of audio test files. Respective client systems in communication with the database receive and play the audio test files in accordance with the test protocol. The client systems record test responses when the audio test files are played. The test responses are stored in a database, and then evaluated.
US08195449B2	Low-complexity, non-intrusive speech quality assessment A non-intrusive signal quality assessment apparatus includes a feature vector calculator that determines parameters representing frames of a signal and extracts a collection of per-frame feature vectors (φ;(n)) representing structural information of the signal from the parameters. A frame selector preferably selects only frames (Ω\with a feature vector (φ;(n)) lying within a predetermined multi-dimensional window (Θ). Means determine a global feature set (ψ) over the collection of feature vectors (φ;(n)) from statistical moments of selected feature vector components ((1^,02, . . . O11). A quality predictor predicts a signal quality measure (Qj from the global feature set (ψ)).
US08195446B2	Monitoring physical parameters in an emulation environment A method and system is disclosed for monitoring and viewing physical parameters while the emulator is emulating a design. Additionally, the parameters are in real time or substantially real time, such as after a periodic update. In one embodiment, a monitoring portion of the emulator periodically monitors the emulator boards and power supplies for physical information. The physical information is communicated to a workstation for communication to a user. For example, the workstation can display the physical information in a graphical user interface (GUI) that shows which boards are plugged in the system and which slots are empty. In yet another aspect, the user can select a particular board in the system and view communication information, such as data errors, status, link errors, global errors, etc.
US08195435B2	Hybrid diffraction modeling of diffracting structures Diffraction modeling of a diffracting structure employing at least two distinct differential equation solution methods. In an embodiment, a rigorous coupled wave (RCW) method and a coordinate transform (C) method are coupled with a same S-matrix algorithm to provide a model profile for a scatterometry measurement of a diffracting structure having unknown parameters. In an embodiment, a rigorous coupled wave (RCW) method and a coordinate transform (C) method generate a modeled angular spectrum of diffracted orders as a prediction for how a diffracting photolithographic mask images onto a substrate.
US08195434B2	System and method for generating finite element models In an embodiment, a drawing file and an interface application are activated. Geometry data is extracted from the drawing file with the interface application. In another embodiment, contents of a geometry file can be automatically read into a drawing application to create a drawing file. Contents of the geometry data file may be revised before being read. In another embodiment, a finite element model can be generated. A control file for an item to be modeled is selected. Contents of the selected control file and part geometry data files identified in the selected control file are read. A finite element model for each part is generated simultaneously from all of the part geometry data files. When more than one part geometry data files are identified in the control file, all of the finite element models of the parts can be integrated into a finite element model of a product.
US08195420B2	Device for measuring alignment of adjoining structures The invention relates to the field of micro- and nanotechnologies. In these techniques, it is sometimes necessary to glue several structures face to face and it is important to be able to check the alignment of the structures. A new method for measuring alignment, which comprises the following operations, is proposed for this purpose: activation of a heating element placed on the surface of the first structure, generation of electronic signals representative of a distribution of temperatures, on the basis of an array of temperature sensitive elements placed on the surface of the second structure, determination of a relative position of the heating element with respect to the array of sensitive elements, therefore of the first structure with respect to the second, on the basis of the distribution of temperatures, in a calculation circuit receiving the electronic signals engendered in the array of sensitive elements.
US08195419B2	General purpose protocol engine In one embodiment, a protocol aware circuit for automatic test equipment, which includes a protocol generation circuit constructed to retrieve protocol unique data and format the protocol unique data with a selected protocol definition corresponding to a device under test for testing the device under test. The protocol generation circuit may be constructed to retrieve the selected protocol definition from a protocol definition table.
US08195418B2	Pressure measurement instrument and method A measurement instrument having a processor, a first sensor and a second sensor. The processor is adapted to output a measurement signal embodying a measurement of a physical quantity. The first sensor and second sensor are connected to the processor and are operable to generate respectively first and second measurements of the physical quantity. The processor defines a first measurement range within which the measurement signal is dependent on the first measurement and not the second measurement. The processor defines a second measurement range within which the measurement signal is dependent on the second measurement and not the first measurement. The first and second ranges meet at a predetermined transition. The first and second measurements are different at the transition and the measurement embodied in the measurement signal crosses the transition without an abrupt change.
US08195415B2	Noninvasive diagnosis of fetal aneuploidy by sequencing Disclosed is a method to achieve digital quantification of DNA (i.e., counting differences between identical sequences) using direct shotgun sequencing followed by mapping to the chromosome of origin and enumeration of fragments per chromosome. The preferred method uses massively parallel sequencing, which can produce tens of millions of short sequence tags in a single run and enabling a sampling that can be statistically evaluated. By counting the number of sequence tags mapped to a predefined window in each chromosome, the over- or under-representation of any chromosome in maternal plasma DNA contributed by an aneuploid fetus can be detected. This method does not require the differentiation of fetal versus maternal DNA. The median count of autosomal values is used as a normalization constant to account for differences in total number of sequence tags is used for comparison between samples and between chromosomes.
US08195407B2	Online method to estimate hydrogen concentration estimation in fuel cell systems at shutdown and startup A system and method for estimating the amount of hydrogen and/or nitrogen in a fuel cell stack and stack volumes at system start-up and shut-down. The method defines the fuel cell stack and stack volumes as discrete volumes including an anode flow-field and anode plumbing volume, a cathode flow-field volume and a cathode header and plumbing volume. The method estimates the amount of hydrogen and/or nitrogen in the anode flow-field and anode plumbing volume, the cathode flow-field volume and the cathode header and plumbing volume when the fuel cell system is shut down, during a first stage when the hydrogen partial pressure between the anode and cathode is not in equilibrium and during a second stage when the hydrogen partial pressure between the anode and cathode is in equilibrium by considering various flows into and out of the volumes.
US08195390B2	Navigation device and method for operating a navigation device A navigation device (1) including an input device for inputting operator commands and/or location data, particularly starting points and/or destinations, a road network database, a route calculating unit for calculating a planned route with consideration of the location data and the road network database, wherein the route leads from the starting point to the destination, a signal receiving unit for receiving position signals, particularly GPS-signals, a position determining unit that determines the current position based on the position signals, and at least one optical display device, has an editable image database, in which image data files (7) provided for being displayed on the display device can be managed in a user-defined fashion and method of operation.
US08195388B2	Method and system of monitoring and retrieving device usage A method and system for monitoring and retrieving device usage for a device at a vehicle including storing a vehicle data record in the telematics unit, monitoring the device usage for device data, storing the device data at the vehicle, requesting the telematics unit to upload the device data, and transmitting the device data from the telematics unit to a remote location. At least one of the monitoring and the requesting is performed in accordance with the vehicle data record.
US08195384B1	Systems and methods for a social network for roadside assistance A system for facilitating assistance requests may comprise at least one subsystem that receives an assistance request from a requester, at least one subsystem that identifies a current location of the requester, and at least one subsystem that identifies members of an assistance network that are within a particular area relative to the current location of the requester.
US08195379B2	Multi-pulse injection fuel and load balancing control system A method for adjusting fuel injection quantities in an internal combustion engine configured to operate multi-pulse fuel injections in a cylinder of the engine includes monitoring in-cylinder pressure, determining a burnt fuel mass for main combustion based upon the in-cylinder pressure, determining a burnt fuel mass for post combustion based upon the in-cylinder pressure, determining a main fuel quantity offset based upon the burnt fuel mass for main combustion, determining a post fuel quantity offset based upon the burnt fuel mass for post combustion, and controlling fuel injections into the cylinder based upon the main fuel quantity offset and the post fuel quantity offset.
US08195369B2	Control apparatus and control method of continuously variable transmission, program for realizing that method, and recording medium on which that program is recorded An ECU executes a program that includes a step of increasing belt squeezing pressure to a value P (ON) greater than a normal value P (OFF) that is set as the belt squeezing pressure when a footbrake switch is off, when the footbrake switch is on and the time elapsed after the footbrake switch was turned on is less than a threshold value T (0); and a step of gradually reducing the belt squeezing pressure to the normal value P (OFF) when the time elapsed after the footbrake switch was turned on is equal to or greater than the threshold value. As a result, a decrease in fuel efficiency of a vehicle in which a continuously variable transmission is mounted, as well as a reduction in the durability of a belt of this continuously variable transmission, can be reduced.
US08195352B2	Method and apparatus for multivariate active driveline damping A multivariate control method and system to control torque output from a powertrain system to a driveline is provided, to reduce driveline oscillations. The powertrain preferably comprises hybrid powertrain having a plurality of torque-generative devices connected to a transmission. Desired powertrain and driveline operating states are determined, as are a plurality of operating state errors. Each torque-generative device is controlled, based upon the operating state errors, and operating mode of the transmission. A damping torque command, additive to a commanded torque, is determined for one or more of the torque-generative devices based upon the determined transmission operating mode. Determined operating states include operator input, and powertrain/driveline including driveline torque; transmission input torque, rotational speed of the torque-generative devices; road load; and, accessory load.
US08195350B2	Vehicle and control method thereof In a hybrid vehicle 20, when the ECO switch 88 is turned on, a maximum allowable charging power Pcmax is set based on a vehicle speed and an ECO mode maximum allowable charging power setting map that is a second relationship having a tendency to allow charging of a battery 50 in comparison with a normal maximum allowable charging power setting map (Step S130), and an engine 22, motors MG1 and MG2 are controlled so that the battery 50 is charged with an effective charge-discharge power demand Pb* as a charging power demand set at Step S140 in accordance with state of the battery 50 within a range of the maximum allowable charging power Pcmax and a torque demand Tr* for driving is ensured (Steps S150-S280).
US08195334B2	Hand device A hand device (1) of the present invention includes a palm (10) and a plurality of finger mechanisms (11-15). The palm (10) is provided with a palm protruding portion (101-103) that protrudes upward from a palm surface region (100) when the palm surface region (100) faces upward. Accordingly, a reaction force against the force acting on an object to be grasped from an inner side of part or all of the finger mechanisms (11-15) can be exerted on the object from the protruding portion (101-103).
US08195328B2	Combination disposal and dispensing apparatus and method A system and method related to dispensing and disposing medical items is provided. The dispensing portion is generally configured to dispense medical items stored within compartments based on dispensing instructions. The disposal portion is generally configured to sort waste items into a plurality of containers according to applicable rules and regulations governing the handling and/or disposal of such items. In some embodiments, a system comprises sorting stations each of which houses a number of disposable containers. Each station can identify an item of waste, determine the most appropriate container for the item, and facilitate disposal of the item in the appropriate container.
US08195315B2	Detection of inconsistencies between a reference and a multi format soundtrack Automatic detection of errors among different formatted sound tracks of the same language on a motion picture film stock can be achieved by first acquiring successive audio segments from each of the sound tracks. During a time window of prescribed duration, the audio of each different formatted track undergoes analysis to yield a numeric value. The successive analysis of the audio continues until no further audio exists for analysis. The resultant collection of numeric values undergoes formatting into a numeric file for comparison against a reference file representing audio obtained from a particular source, such as originally recorded material, a sound print, or a duplicated copy of a sound film. If the difference between a formatted numerical file and the reference file exceeds a threshold value, then an error exists in that formatted sound track, and an operator can take appropriate action.
US08195310B2	Generation of a CNC machine tool control program A machine tool program editor is used to insert auxiliary operations e.g. measurement, process control and program logic into a CNC work producing program. The editor has representations of the operations which can be placed in the correct position in the program. User input in the form of parameters is prompted when a representation is selected. The program is post processed and run on a machine tool whereat the operations are performed.
US08195304B2	Implantable systems and methods for acquisition and processing of electrical signals Improved assemblies, systems, and methods provide an electrical signal processor for acquisition and processing of electric signals from tissue. The electrical signal processor is sized and configured to be implanted in subcutaneous tissue. The electrical signal processor includes an electrically conductive case of a laser welded titanium material. Control circuitry is located within the case, the control circuitry including a rechargeable power source, a receive coil for receiving a first radio frequency wireless telemetry to recharge the power source, and an antenna for receiving a second radio frequency wireless telemetry for communication with the electrical signal processor.
US08195301B2	Video configuration file editor for visual prosthesis fitting and related method A method of editing a video configuration file downloadable to or from a video processing unit of a fitting system for a visual prosthesis is shown. The visual prosthesis has a plurality of electrodes and the video configuration file defines mapping of a video signal captured from a camera of the visual prosthesis to an electrical signal for the electrodes. The editing controls a brightness map for an individual electrode or electrode groups, together with a temporal stimulation pattern to which an individual electrode or electrode groups are assigned. A related computer-operated system is also disclosed.
US08195298B2	Method for treating neurological/psychiatric disorders with stimulation to the subcaudate area of the brain A method for treating a patient with a neurological or psychiatric disorder, comprising applying stimulation to at least a portion of the patient's subcaudate white matter of the subcaudate area under conditions effective to provide the patient with at least a partial relief from the neurological or psychiatric disorder. The stimulation may be electrical and/or pharmacological.
US08195295B2	Shielded three-terminal flat-through EMI/energy dissipating filter A shielded three-terminal flat-through EMI/energy dissipating filter includes an active electrode plate through which a circuit current passes between a first terminal and a second terminal, a first shield plate on a first side of the active electrode plate, and a second shield plate on a second side of the active electrode plate opposite the first shield plate. The first and second shield plates are conductively coupled to a grounded third terminal. In preferred embodiments, the active electrode plate and the shield plates are at least partially disposed with a hybrid flat-through substrate that may include a flex cable section, a rigid cable section, or both.
US08195289B2	Baroreflex stimulation system to reduce hypertension Various aspects of the present subject matter provide an implantable medical device. In various embodiments, the device comprises a pulse generator, a lead, a sensor, and a controller. The pulse generator generates a baroreflex stimulation signal as part of a baroreflex therapy. The lead is adapted to be electrically connected to the pulse generator and to be intravascularly fed into a heart. The lead includes an electrode to be positioned in or proximate to the heart to deliver the baroreflex signal to a baroreceptor region in or proximate to the heart. The sensor senses a physiological parameter regarding an efficacy of the baroreflex therapy and provides a signal indicative of the efficacy. The controller is connected to the pulse generator to control the baroreflex stimulation signal and to the sensor to receive the signal indicative of the efficacy of the baroreflex therapy. Other aspects are provided herein.
US08195279B2	Portable electrocardiogram An apparatus for measuring cardiac electric activity of a patient includes a tubular structure embodied in a lightweight, gently u-shaped form factor. The tubular structure includes: a center portion, a left handle in an upright end of the tubular structure, a right handle in a contralateral upright end; a connector positioned in the center portion; first and second receiving electrodes in the right and left handles; and an efferent cable for coupling the connector with a processor for electronically inverting signals obtained from the electrodes to produce vectors enabling a calculation of a conventional twelve-lead electrocardiogram. The processor is operatively coupled with a fourth electrode affixed to the patient's ear.
US08195278B2	Method for automatically determining an image plane having a biopsy device therein A method for detection of the position and orientation of the tip of a needle-like medical device inserted into a tissue of a patient using scanning apparatus. The method obtains a first scan of the tissue correlating the needle-like medical device with a plurality of needle-like templates, each one having a different angular orientation to obtain an feature image of the device; obtains eigenvalues and an eigenvector of image to obtain the angular orientation of an image plane for a subsequent scan; transforms the orientation of the device in the determined image plane into scanning system reference coordinates with the longitudinal axis of the needle like device having a predetermined orientations with respect to the reference coordinate system; and makes observations along each of a sequence of lines transverse to the longitudinal axis of the image of the device in the determined plane to detect the tip of the device.
US08195277B2	Prospective position detecting magnetic field control based on a possible existence range of an object A position detecting apparatus having a magnetic field generator that generates a position detecting magnetic field having variable strength, a position calculator that acquires magnetic information relating to the position detecting magnetic field at a position where a detected object is present, and calculates a position of the detected object based on the magnetic information, a range calculator that calculates a possible existence range in which the detected object can be present at a second time instant when a predetermined time has passed since a first time instant, based on the position of the detected object at the first time instant calculated by the position calculator, and a magnetic-field strength controller that controls a strength of the position detecting magnetic field so that the position detecting magnetic field having a strength detectable by the detected object-is generated within the possible existence range.
US08195275B2	Vessel size imaging for antiangiogenic therapy A system and method of evaluating the effectiveness of antiangionetic therapy is described. A patient or test animal is treated with an antiangionetic substance. Magnetic resonance imaging data is obtained prior to and subsequent to the treatment. The parameters of the imaging process are configured so that, by administering a intravascular contrast agent, the relative size of the microvascular and the total vascular volumes in a region of interest may be obtained, so as to form a vascular size index. The value of the vascular size index and other pharmacokinetic data obtained by the administration of a diffusible contrast agent are used to assess the efficacy of the treatment or the antiangionetic substance being studied.
US08195271B2	Method and system for performing ablation to treat ventricular tachycardia A system and method of treating tachycardias and similar syndromes by the use of catheter ablation of tissue is described. A computed tomography (CT)-like image of the heart is obtained and processed to segment the various types of tissue. Papillary muscle areas are identified and displayed differently from the other nearby tissues so that the muscles can be avoided during treatment to avoid or minimize damage to the muscles during ablation treatment. Electrophysical data and scar tissue may also be identified in the image, which may be of the endoscopic type. The position of the catheter may be displayed as a synthetic image on the endoscopic view.
US08195264B2	Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same A sensor may be adapted to reduce motion artifacts by mitigating the effects of the tissue moving within the sensor. A sensor is provided with an elastic sensor body adapted to accommodate patient motion. Further, a sensor is provided in which the sensor cable is arranged to mitigate its pressure on a patient's tissue.
US08195261B2	Vital information measuring device A vital information measuring device includes: a first light emitter for outputting light having a first wavelength; a second light emitter for outputting light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength; a light detector for detecting the light outputted from the first light emitter and the light outputted from the second light emitter; an emission controller for controlling the first light emitter and the second light emitter to emit the respective light at sampling frequencies different from each other a detection controller for controlling the light detector to detect the light from the first light emitter and the light from second light emitter in synchronism with the emission timing of the first light emitter and the emission timing of the second light emitter, respectively; and a storage for storing therein a light detection signal outputted from the light detector as measurement data.
US08195249B2	Location based pattern for scanning for wireless local area networks A mobile device having a wireless local area network interface and one or more other wireless interfaces identifies a location of the mobile device via one or more of the other wireless interfaces, estimates a likelihood of finding a wireless local area network at the location, and scans for wireless local area networks while at the location during scan sessions that are separated by intervals, where the intervals are determined by the estimated likelihood.
US08195248B2	Disguised power-off method for a mobile communication terminal The present invention relates to a method of determining the location of a mobile terminal using disguised power-off, wherein if a mobile terminal is powered off in a state where a mobile communication service subscriber does not intend to do so, only the location indication function of the mobile terminal operates, but the remaining functions are terminated as if power of the mobile terminal is turned off. In accordance with the present invention, it is determined whether the subscriber terminal is actually powered off or powered off in a disguised manner. All the power of the subscriber terminal is shut off, or all the power except for power for a function of sending a location signal is shut off, depending on the type of power-off. Furthermore, when a location request signal is received from the server of a mobile communication service provider after the subscriber terminal has been powered off in a disguised manner, the subscriber terminal sends a location signal to a call originator that corresponds to call originator information stored therein. The present invention is advantageous in that, when a mobile terminal is powered off by a disguised power-off key when a user, such as a child or teenager, is in danger, the location of the mobile terminal can be determined through locating thereof.
US08195244B2	Multi-directional display communication devices, systems, and methods The illustrative embodiments described herein are directed to a systems, methods, and communication devices for displaying an image in a plurality of directions. In one embodiment, the communication device includes a memory adapted to store an image and a plurality of display surfaces. Each of the plurality of display surfaces may face a different direction. Also, the plurality of display surfaces may each be operable to display a different portion of the image.
US08195235B2	Method and device for customising a radio communication terminal, corresponding radio communication terminal, SIM card, server, computer program product and storage means A method is provided for customizing a radio communication terminal possessing an operating mode requiring first customization data so as to allow a first radio communication link with a radio communication network. The method includes the following steps: placing the terminal in an actual usage condition, not including the first customization data; transmitting the first customization data from a customization device to the radio communication terminal, via a second link distinct from the first link.
US08195222B2	Shared phone, medium having recorded therein program for controlling shared phone, and method for controlling shared phone The present invention provides a shared phone, a medium having recorded therein a program for controlling the shared phone, and a method for controlling the shared phone, which can make the shared use by a plurality of users easy. The shared phone switches phone numbers depending on users, and includes a user information storage unit that stores user information including phone numbers for each user, a public line communication unit that performs public line communication, and registers phone numbers stored in the user information storage unit to a public line, and detects an incoming call to a registered phone number, a display unit that, in case an incoming call is detected by the public line communication unit, displays user information corresponding to the incoming call from among user information stored by the user information storage unit, and an operation unit that accepts instruction for public line communication from a user, and sends the instruction to the public line communication unit.
US08195220B2	User interface for mobile devices A device and method for controlling the user interface of a mobile device, are discussed. According to an embodiment, the method includes determining a distance relationship between a user's body and the mobile device, and changing a configuration of at least one of at least one input unit and at least one output unit depending upon the determined distance relationship.
US08195216B2	Radio communication system A radio communication system has means for improving power control of a communication channel for the transmission of data after an interruption in the transmission. This is done by adjusting the transmission power immediately after the interruption by an offset from the power used before the interruption. The offset may be fixed or may be determined from the transmission power in the period before the interruption. This technique reduces, on average, the time taken for power control to be re-established, thereby addressing the problem that data transmissions immediately after the interruption are likely to be corrupted if the power level is too low, or to generate extra interference if the power level is too high.
US08195213B2	System and method for permitting recordation of voice transmissions among group members of a communication group of wireless communication devices A system, method, and computer readable product for allowing a member of a mobile communications group, such as a push-to-talk (PTT) group, to receive indications from at least one other mobile communication device that a current conversation or talk spurt may be recorded. The member may further record or receive the recorded conversation or talk spurt, and store the recorded conversation or spurt in a local memory for later retrieval or automatic playback.
US08195209B2	Text messaging over an eHRPD network Systems and methods are disclosed for providing text messaging over an eHRPD network. A text message gateway implemented in the eHRPD network receives a Mobile Originated (MO) text message from a mobile device that is registered with the eHRPD network, and identifies a network where the destination of the text message is registered. If the destination is registered in the eHRPD network, then the text message gateway identifies an HRPD Serving Gateway (HSGW) in the eHRPD network that is serving the destination. The text message gateway then forwards the MO text message to the HSGW for delivery of the MO text message directly to the destination.
US08195208B2	System and method for transmitting and receiving ranging information in sleep mode in a communication system A Base Station (BS) for transmitting a ranging response message to a Mobile Station (MS) in a communication system is provided. The ranging response message comprises a Unified Type-Length-Value (TLV) encoding for a power saving class parameter. The Unified TLV encoding comprises only a value parameter for each of a plurality of Information Elements (IEs) used for defining a power saving class.
US08195203B1	Location-based mobile device alarm A user may rely on an alarm application on the wireless device. Oftentimes, users interface with an alarm application to ensure that the user alerted to certain information or awake at certain times. The alarm application may be configured to automatically surface various information upon activation of the alarm. User interest in a particular subject or piece of information may vary depending on the user's environment. For example, a user waking up at home may find it useful to review news traffic and weather. In contrast, a business traveler may be interested in a flight status, taxi availability, and information related to travel plans. In order to better serve a user, the wireless device may be configured to support various configurations responsive to a user's environment so that a user at home receives home environmental information and a business traveler receives travel environmental information.
US08195196B2	Mobility based service in wireless environment A system and method are described for providing proximity-based Internet server access in mobile network environments such as cellular environments to reduce latency and enhance customer satisfaction. In an embodiment of the invention, a Mobile Positioning Center (MPC) caches location information regarding the mobile device. When the mobile device later attempts to resolve the domain name of a distributed service, the domain name service (DNS) server, via a policy manager, queries the MPC for the location of the user. The policy manager of the DNS server may then choose a server based on a number of criteria, including, for example, the geographical proximity of the user to the server.
US08195194B1	Alarm for mobile communication device A user may rely on an alarm application on the wireless device. Oftentimes, users interface with an alarm application to ensure that the user alerted to certain information or awake at certain times. The alarm application may be configured to automatically surface various information upon activation of the alarm. User interest in a particular subject or piece of information may vary depending on the user's environment. For example, a user waking up at home may find it useful to review news traffic and weather. In contrast, a business traveler may be interested in a flight status, taxi availability, and information related to travel plans. In order to better serve a user, the wireless device may be configured to support various configurations responsive to a user's environment so that a user at home receives home environmental information and a business traveler receives travel environmental information.
US08195193B2	Grouping mobile instant messaging contacts based on position The present invention relates to communication technologies, and provides a method, system and device for grouping a mobile Instant Messaging (IM) contact. The system includes a positioning module, configured to query information of a region at which a mobile terminal of a mobile IM contact locates; and an automatic grouping module, configured to obtain the information of the region at which the mobile terminal of the mobile IM contact locates from the positioning module, and group the mobile IM contact according to the information of the region. Embodiments of the present invention may improve the accuracy of the grouping result, and may greatly improve the efficiency of the grouping.
US08195192B2	Personal tracking device with low power consumption An portable tracking device integrating a mobile phone module (e.g. based on GSM or 3G networks), a GPS module, a radio Beacon and ultrasonic beacon. The tracking device is normally in a hibernated state when the entire device consumes little energy and require no periodically changing or recharging batteries to power the device. It consumes power from the primary battery only when a tracking process is actually taken place. With this portable tracking device on the person who is unable to affirmatively report his or her whereabout, the remote center and/or a search team can communicate the GPS module, radio beacon and ultrasonic beacon of the tracking device via the mobile phone module based on existing wireless communication technologies, such SMS, GPRS, ect, on GSM or 3 G networks, which also serves as a means of initial rough estimation of the tracking device's location.
US08195190B1	Method and system of determining a location of a dual-mode device A method and system for determining a location of a wireless communication device (WCD) provisioned to operate in (a) a first access network that defines a first plurality of coverage areas and (b) a second access network that defines a second plurality of coverage areas. A location system may receive a request to determine a location of the WCD. In response, the location system may identify (a) a first coverage area of the first access network in which the WCD is located and (b) a second coverage area of the second access network in which the WCD is located. Thereafter, the location system may determine an overlapping area between the first coverage area and the second coverage area. In turn, the location system may determine an indication of the overlapping area's location, which the location system may define as a low precision indication of the WCD's location.
US08195188B2	Location reporting satellite paging system with optional blocking of location reporting A location reporting paging communication system comprising space satellites, ground stations and a remote receiving unit adapted to resolve a global position from signals transmitted from a communication transmitter. The subscriber in possession of the remote receiving unit updates the paging network with global positioning information. A caller paging a subscriber in possession of the remote receiving unit may request the global location of the remote receiving unit. The paging network could divulge or block such information from a caller depending on the requirements of the subscriber.
US08195187B2	Radio network control In a radio access network, multiple radio network controllers are connected to several radio nodes using a network. The interconnected radio network controllers and radio nodes are addressable, and, therefore, each radio network controller can communicate directly with each radio node and visa versa. The radio access network can be configured to avoid active handoffs between radio network controllers by maintaining a traffic channel set up between an access terminal and a radio network controller even as the flow.
US08195186B2	Resource allocation Resource allocation information is signalled to user devices (UE1, UE2, UE3, UE4) in a mobile telecommunications communications system in which each user device is allocated plural resource allocations (RB) in a TTI (50) by, for each user device, providing information (I1) regarding a selected resource allocation allocated to that user device in a control channel (L1, L2, L3, L4) and providing information (I2, I3) regarding at least one other resource allocation allocated to that user device in a data channel (52) in the selected resource allocation. In one example, the selected resource allocation is the first resource allocation (RB1) allocated to that user device (UE1) and information regarding each successive further resource allocation is provided in a data channel in the resource allocation preceding that successive further resource allocation. In another example, the selected resource allocation is the first resource allocation allocated to that user device and information regarding each successive further resource allocation is provided in a data channel in the first resource allocation. In another example, the selected resource allocation is the resource allocation that is indicated to have the best channel quality. The resource allocation information may be provided in the data channel of the one resource allocation as a list of RFI fields or as a bit map.
US08195174B2	Apparatus and method for allocating frequency resource in a communication system A method and apparatus for allocating resources for a mobile station in a communication system is provided. The method includes determining if a mobile station within a cell is located in one of a first region corresponding to a cell center, a third region corresponding to a cell edge, and a second region corresponding to an area between the first and third regions, allocating frequency resources within an entire frequency band to the mobile station when the mobile station is located in the first region, wherein the entire frequency band comprises at least a first frequency band and a second frequency band, allocating frequency resources within the first frequency band to the mobile station when the mobile station is located in the third region, and allocating frequency resources within the second frequency band to the mobile station when the mobile station is located in the second region.
US08195163B2	Client device method and apparatus for routing a call A telecommunication method, server and system that route an outbound telephone communication initiated by a wireless remote device through an enterprise communication network. The system also routes an incoming call to a device associated with an enterprise communication network to a plurality of telephony devices including wireless devices and other remote devices.
US08195159B1	Session restoration upon return to EV-DO Methods and systems are provided for session restoration upon return to EV-DO. In one embodiment, a first radio network controller (RNC) receives from an access terminal a session-establishment request, where the session-establishment request requests establishment of a session for the access terminal. The first RNC determines that the session-establishment request indicates that the access terminal does not currently have a session, and responsively queries a second RNC to determine whether the access terminal currently has a session with the second RNC, which the access terminal does. After querying the second RNC, the first RNC receives session data from the second RNC, where the session data corresponds to the session that the access terminal currently has with the second RNC. The first RNC uses the received session data to set up a session with the first RNC for the access terminal.
US08195153B1	Mobile access to backup and recovery services Providing access to a backup application is disclosed. A request to access a service associated with a backup application is received via a mobile telecommunication network from a client running on the mobile telecommunication device. The backup application is communicated with on behalf of the client running on the mobile telecommunication device to provide access to the service associated with a backup application.
US08195145B2	User interface unit for a telephone A user interface apparatus for remote control of a telephone having an input adapted for inputting telephone control signals; a display for outputting visual information, a communications unit adapted for short distance wireless signal communication; circuitry adapted to convey input telephone control signals and display control signals between the user interface apparatus and the telephone by the short distance wireless signal communication unit; wherein the circuitry is configured to adapt the input and output signals of the user interface apparatus to have the same properties as corresponding signals of the telephone.
US08195135B2	Mobile communication device and audio processing method thereof A mobile communication device capable of communicating with a remote communication device includes a communication unit, a microphone, an input unit, a control unit, and a switching unit. The communication unit is used for generating a remote audio signal according to remote audio information received from the remote communication device. The microphone is used for generating a local audio signal according to a local sound. The input unit is used for receiving a trigger signal. The control unit is configured for generating a switching signal in response to the trigger signal. The switching unit is configured for transmitting the remote and local audio signals to the remote communication device via the communication unit alternately according to the switching signal.
US08195134B2	Information distribution system, information distribution server, mobile terminal, and information distribution method There is provided an information distribution system capable of distributing a content to a mobile terminal in a predetermined area, distributing content guide information to the mobile terminal, and distributing the content selected by the mobile terminal, within the area. The information distribution system includes an information distribution server, a mobile terminal, and a content DB. The content DB contains content information to be provided to the mobile terminal and information on the area to which the content is provided. The information distribution server distributes the content guide information to the mobile terminal. According to this content guide information, the mobile terminal performs a content distribution request. The information distribution server judges the position of the mobile terminal according to position judgment means. When the mobile terminal is in the distribution area of the content requested, the content is downloaded.
US08195129B2	Authenticating a short message service (SMS) message A vehicle telematics unit or other electronic hardware in a vehicle authenticates an incoming SMS message and provides additional security features above and beyond those inherent to the SMS protocol. A call center uses a mathematical function to derive a security code, and then sends an SMS message to the vehicle. The telematics unit can utilize the transmitted information to authenticate the sender of the SMS message and/or its contents. One group of suitable mathematical functions utilizes keyed-hash message authentication codes (HMACs).
US08195127B1	Systems and methods for protecting emails Systems and methods are provided for protecting email messages. In accordance with one implementation, a phone is provided that includes allowing users to protect the users' emails in mobile devices from tampering by third parties, if the mobile devices are lost to the third parties. In addition, the phone may be configured to apply electronic maps to divide locations into different regions. Moreover, the phone may be configured to erase emails either temporarily or permanently, when certain conditions occur.
US08195122B1	Method and apparatus for adjusting the frequency of testing for a wireless communications signal A method and apparatus for adjusting the frequency of testing for a wireless communications signal are described. The computer-implemented method comprises detecting a change in a wireless communications signal and adjusting a frequency of testing for the wireless communications signal. The method further comprises receiving motion data and determining, based on the motion data whether and whether to adjust the frequency of testing for the wireless communications signal.
US08195121B2	Method and system for establishing messaging communication with a service provider, such as a PSAP (public safety answering point) Described in detail herein is a system and method for allowing a device, such as a cell phone, to establish a messaging dialogue with a service provider, such as SMS messaging with a 911 call center. Furthermore, the service provider can receive location data of the mobile device. Further details and features are described herein.
US08195119B2	Switchable input pair operational amplifiers Techniques for designing a switchable amplifier are described. In one aspect, a switchable amplifier including a core amplifier circuit configured to selectively enable one or more parallel input transistor pairs is described. The core amplifier circuit comprises a permanently enabled input transistor pair. In another aspect, a device operable between a first mode of operation and a second mode of operation comprising a receiver logic circuit for selectably enabling and disabling a plurality of input transistor pairs within a switchable amplifier is described where the switchable amplifier also includes a core amplifier circuit coupled to the receiver logic circuit for selectably enabling and disabling a transistor pair therein. The described switchable amplifiers result in the ability to provide varying amplifier performance characteristics based upon the current mode of operation of the device.
US08195118B2	Apparatus, system, and method for integrated phase shifting and amplitude control of phased array signals An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for phase shifting and amplitude control. A two-phase local oscillator generates an in-phase sinusoidal signal of a fixed frequency and a quadrature sinusoidal signal of the fixed frequency having a ninety degree phase shift from the in-phase sinusoidal signal. A signal generator receives the in-phase sinusoidal signal and the quadrature sinusoidal signal and generates a controllable sinusoidal signal of the fixed frequency. The controllable sinusoidal signal has a variable amplitude and a shiftable phase. A mixer varies the amplitude and shifts the phase of an input signal by mixing the input signal with the controllable sinusoidal signal to generate an output signal. The input signal and the output signal carry phase and amplitude information required for phased array signal processing. Either a receiver or a transmitter may be implemented using the present invention.
US08195115B2	Receiver architectures for digital radio broadcasts and associated methods Receiver architectures and related methods are disclosed for high definition (HD) and digital radio FM broadcast receivers. The radio receiver architectures are configured to utilize multiple analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) to handle the digital radio spectrum and can be configured to modify a target IF frequencies depending upon the mode of operation of the receiver. For example, the receiver can include an analog FM reception mode and a digital FM reception mode for which different down-conversions are used for the same analog-plus-digital audio broadcast channel. If desired, the radio broadcast receivers disclosed can be configured so that they only receive digital FM radio content, for example, if the analog FM broadcast was of no interest and/or if the broadcast was all digital.
US08195103B2	Linearization of a transmit amplifier A novel apparatus and method of linearization of a digitally controlled pre-power amplifier (DPA) and RF power amplifier (PA). The mechanism is operative to perform predistortion calibration to compensate for nonlinearities in the DPA and PA circuits. A predistortion look up table (LUT) stores measured distortion compensation data that is applied to the TX data before being input to the digital to frequency converter (DFC), DPA and PA. The mechanism of the invention takes advantage of the on-chip receiver, which is normally inactive during the TX burst in a half-duplex operation, to demodulate the RF PA output and use the digital I/Q RX outputs to perform calibration of the TX pre-distortion tables. Controlled RF coupling is used to provide a sample of the RF output signal that to the receiver chain. The contents of the predistortion LUT are typically updated during the PA power up or down ramp. While the digitally-controlled PA (DPA) code is increasing (or decreasing), the amplitude and phase of the recovered I/Q samples are used to determine the instantaneous value of the AM/AM and AM/PM pre-distortion from which an update to the predistortion tables may be computed.
US08195098B2	Method for beamforming training and communications apparatuses utilizing the same A communication system includes a trainee communications device and one or more trainer communications devices. The trainee communications device announces a first period of time for beamforming training, switches a receiving antenna pattern to a sector and stays in the sector for a second period of time. The trainer communications devices transmit one or more predetermined bit sequences in the first period of time. The predetermined bit sequences are transmitted in at least one sector. Each of the predetermined bit sequences carries an identifier identifying the transmitting trainer communications device. The trainee communications device further estimates channel characteristics and computes receiving antenna weighting vectors of the trainer communications devices by using the received predetermined bit sequences, respectively, and the trainer communications devices obtain pertinent information including the estimated channel characteristics and receiving time of the predetermined bit sequences about beamforming training from the trainee communications device.
US08195092B2	Method and system for utilizing a high frequency PHY layer for high speed data transmission between wireless devices A single communication stack may be utilized to setup a data transmission session between wireless devices. A primary physical layer corresponding to the single communication stack may be utilized by the wireless devices to perform discovery, pairing, and security setup operations when setting the data transmission session. A secondary physical layer may be utilized to perform high speed data transmission. The secondary physical layer may be integrated or managed via the single communication stack corresponding to the primary physical layer, and applications running on top of the single communication stack may utilize the secondary physical layer transparently. A portion of the transmitted data may be multiplexed onto other secondary physical layers that may be available to the wireless devices. Alternatively, transmission of data may comprise switching among available secondary physical layers. The primary physical layer may be utilized during data transmission to continually monitor and/or manage the data transmission.
US08195087B2	Controlling of wireless connection of a portable device including an illuminating component or switch A portable media player that provides for wireless connectivity is disclosed. In some examples, the portable media player contains a button that causes the player to search for, connect with, and disconnect from wireless networks. In some examples, the button provides indicators of the connectivity of the player, such as different colors or modes of illumination. In some examples, the functionality of the button changes depending on the connectivity of the player or characteristics of the playback or navigation of media within the player. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.
US08195086B2	Wireless data delivery via streaming media and broadcast devices A system and method for optimizing network delivery of streaming data is provided. Streaming delivery of data using point-to-point transmitters and broadcast transmitters can be dynamically controlled to maximize the usage of network resources. Current usage of respective systems can be analyzed, as can projected usage be analyzed. Network resources can be reallocated, and connecting devices can be redirected as needed to maintain high efficiency of allocated resources.
US08195085B2	Method of developing educational materials based on multiple-choice questions The present invention comprises methods of developing and implementing educational products or materials, including testing products or materials, by utilizing multiple-choice questions. Starting with a given set of facts to be presumed in a question, the method may require one to examine each answer choice, and inquire how a set of facts to be presumed could be modified to make that answer choice the “correct” or “best” answer choice. If a given answer choice is already correct, no modification is needed. If a given answer choice is not correct, various modifications may be employed, including changing some of the words or phrases, or other symbols or objects within the set of facts to be presumed.
US08195084B2	Apparatus and method of simulating a somatosensory experience in space A method of providing a user with an extra-terrestrial somatosensory experience includes equipping the user with an underwater breathing apparatus, having the user occupy an underwater environment, such environment providing buoyancy to the user, and while the user occupies the underwater environment, using a computer-implemented virtual reality system to present to the user a virtual reality environment modeling an extra-terrestrial setting. The virtual reality system inhibits visual perception by the user of items outside of the virtual reality environment so that the user experiences the virtual reality environment under a buoyancy condition provided by the underwater environment. The buoyancy condition enhances the experience of the virtual reality environment.
US08195083B2	Duplex architecture for an imaging apparatus An imaging apparatus including an image transfer device, a first motor, a redrive section and a duplexing section. The first motor is drivingly connected to the image transfer device. The reversible redrive section is downstream from the image transfer device, and the reversible redrive section includes a second motor. The duplexing section includes a third motor. The duplexing section is positioned to receive media from the redrive section. The first motor, the second motor and the third motor are each independently controlled.
US08195080B2	Waste cyclone dispense system with controlled rotating cylinder gate This is a waste cyclone toner dispense system with a controlled gate and a collection bag below the gate. The controlled gate prevents pressure from entering the bag thereby permitting the use of relatively inexpensive bags for collection of toner debris. The gate has rotating blades tightly pushed against a sealing wall, such as rubber or the like. The wall must prevent pressure from reaching the bag and remaining only above the bag. The rotating blades convey waste toner from an upper collection to the collection bag.
US08195078B2	Processing method of waste toner and processing device of waste toner and image forming device A processing method of waste toner which is collected from an image forming device generated when an electrophotography image is formed, including: adding citrus oil to the waste toner.
US08195071B2	Developing device In an embodiment, a reducing plate that dams up a part of a developer scraped up by a blade is provided. The reducing plate suppresses swell of the developer held up by a discharge mixer from fluctuating according to the rotation of the blade. Fluctuation in an excess developer discharged from a discharge port is suppressed and replace a deteriorated carrier in a development container with a new carrier little by little.
US08195069B2	Developing cartridge for image-forming device and method of manufacturing the same A developing cartridge includes: a casing configured of a first frame and a second frame with a space formed therebetween; and a developer-carrying member that is supported in the first frame and that is configured to carry developer. The first frame includes a bottom wall and a pair of side walls erected from both sides of the bottom wall and has a box shape that is open on a side opposite the bottom wall. The second frame is mounted over the pair of side walls so as to cover the open side of the first frame and has a partition extending into the space formed in the casing. The partition contacts the bottom wall of the first frame and spans between the pair of side walls of the first frame, thereby separating the space within the casing into a first chamber on a side near the developer-carrying member and a second chamber on a side far from the developer-carrying member. Developer is accommodated in the first chamber only.
US08195062B2	Electrically conducting structure and electrical apparatus provided with electrically conducting structure An electrically conducting structure includes: an electrically conductive bar member; a frame member supporting the bar member; and a conducting metal plate, provided with a base portion for mounting the conducting metal plate to the frame member and provided with a contact portion, extending out from the base portion and bending to make contact with a side face of the bar member.
US08195061B2	Image forming apparatus and a control method thereof A print method of an image forming apparatus that loads at least one sheet of print media in a print media feeding tray, the method including: setting a print-all-paper mode to perform a print operation on the print media loaded in the print media feeding tray without selecting a number of sheets of print media; and performing a print operation on the loaded print media according to the set print-all-paper mode.
US08195060B2	Electronic device, method for forming error information of electronic device, and image forming apparatus An electronic device includes a touch panel that includes an operation plane displaying various operation screens, and detects a press position on the operation screen as detection signal; a first storage portion that stores press information of the touch panel; a second storage portion that stores error information; a first control unit that stores the press position indicated by the detection signal from the touch panel as first press information in the first storage portion; a second control unit creates screen data with a mark indicating the press position on the operation screen when an error occurred, based on the first press information stored in the first storage portion, and stores the screen data as first error information in the second storage portion, when the error occurs in the electronic device; and a third control unit that outputs the error information based on an error information output command.
US08195058B2	Toner fixing device with light control mirrors and image forming apparatus incorporating same In a fixing device, a first reflection plate covers a part of an outer circumferential surface of an infrared heater in a circumferential direction of the infrared heater along an axial direction of the infrared heater substantially perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the infrared heater. The first reflection plate reflects light emitted by the infrared heater toward a fixing member. At least one light control mirror is provided in at least one end of the first reflection plate in an axial direction of the first reflection plate. At least one second reflection plate opposes the infrared heater via the at least one light control mirror to reflect the light emitted by the infrared heater and passing through the at least one light control mirror toward a center portion of the fixing member in an axial direction of the fixing member.
US08195052B2	Optical wavelength multiplexing system, optical wavelength multiplexing method, and computer product An optical wavelength multiplexing system includes transmission-side and reception-side optical wavelength multiplexers, and terminal devices, which are connected to each other by optical fiber cables. Optical wavelength converters in the transmission-side optical wavelength multiplexers are connected to ports respectively. The optical wavelength converter converts an input optical signal into an arbitrary preset wavelength to generate a converted optical signal. The port has a predetermined wavelength preset therein. Each optical power level of input converted optical signals is compared with each optical power level of optical signals of respective wavelengths set in the ports. When a difference is detected in the comparison result, it is determined that an optical wavelength converter is incorrectly connected to the port.
US08195044B2	Biometric camera mount system A system for reducing the substantially vertical extent of a wide-area biometric system and for reducing the cost and complexity of installation while maintaining high biometric performance, using a substantially horizontally configuration of cameras, preferably with an attention mechanism, and using a precision calibration system that can be used by an unskilled technician and that does not require an accurate site survey or additional materials or equipment.
US08195038B2	Brief and high-interest video summary generation A video is summarized by determining if a video contains one or more junk frames, modifying one or more boundaries of shots of the video based at least in part on the determination of if the video contains one or more junk frames, sampling a plurality of the shots of the video into a plurality of subshots, clustering the plurality of subshots with a multiple step k-means clustering, and creating a video summary based at least in part on the clustered plurality of subshots. The video is segmented into a plurality of shots and a keyframe from each of the plurality of shots is extracted. A video summary is created based on a determined importance of the subshots in a clustered plurality of subshots and a time budget. The created video summary is rendered by displaying playback rate information for the rendered video summary, displaying a currently playing subshot marker with the rendered video summary, and displaying an indication of similar content in the rendered video summary.
US08195035B2	Link-based DVR scheduling with conflict resolution A method, system and computer program provide a mechanism for scheduling recording of video content by a digital video recorder (DVR) from web links. Scheduling conflicts with previously-scheduled recording are displayed as indicators within the web links, such as a background color of the selectable video program time-slot in a program guide display that differs from the background color(s) user for non-conflicting links. When a user selects a video program link to record, recording of the program is automatically scheduled, and if a conflict exists, recording of the previously-selected conflicting program (or the conflicting portion) is canceled. If more than one DVR is present, and conflicting programs are scheduled for all DVRs, then the user is provided with a prompt to select which previously-scheduled program to cancel. The conflict resolution may be performed at a web service that maintains a database of previous selections, or by a local script/program.
US08195031B2	Recording medium, reproduction device, program, and reproduction method A BD-ROM stores a video stream and a plurality of pieces of Copy Control Information (CCIforSD and CCIforHD). The video stream carries video composed of a plurality of frame images. Each piece of Copy Control Information indicates, for one of a plurality of quality levels, restrictions imposed on recording of a video signal generated by converting the plurality of frame images and output at a respective quality level.
US08195025B2	Systems, methods, and computer products for digital video recorder management and scheduling Systems, methods and computer products for DVR management and scheduling. In exemplary embodiments, a system is provided that includes DVR management and scheduling services including, but not limited to: DVR capacity indication; recorded and viewed programs indication; cancellation options for recorded and viewed programs; deletion priority for recorded and viewed programs; schedule change conflict resolution; DVR scheduling; remote and local DVR interface management; DVR searching and programming; multi-level DVR content searching, storage and management; search saving and favorite channel management; DVR management alerts and notifications; offsite DVR recovery; and DVR capacity provisioning.
US08195013B2	Miniature fiber optic temperature sensors An intensity-based fiber optic temperature sensor having a fiber probe with a multimode transmit/receive fiber, a reflector spaced apart from the end of the fiber, and a housing affixed at its ends to the fiber probe and reflector, the housing having a larger or smaller thermal expansion coefficient than those of the fiber probe and reflector. Temperature changes cause a change in the gap distance between the fiber end and the reflector, changing the amount of reflected light coupled into the optical fiber. Temperature sensors can also have a fiber probe with two or more multimode receiving fibers surrounding a transmitting fiber. Other temperature sensors include a fiber probe with a multimode transmitting fiber, a reference multimode receiving fiber and a sensing multimode receiving fiber for reducing noise effects.
US08195008B2	Method and system for processing video data in a multipixel memory to memory compositor A method and system for processing video data using multi-pixel scaling in a memory system are provided. The multi-pixel scaling may include reading pixel data for one or more data streams from the memory system into one or more scalers, wherein each of the plurality of data streams includes a plurality of pixels, scaling the pixel via the one or more scalers and outputting the scaled pixels from the one or more scalers. Pixel data may be sequential or parallel. The plurality of scalers may be in parallel, scaling sequential pixel data with independent phase control, or scaling parallel pixel data in substantially equal phase. Pixel data may be transposed, replicated, distributed and aligned prior to reading by scalers, and may be aligned merged and transposed after scaling. Scaling may include interpolation or sub sampling using pixel phase, position, step size and scaler quantities.
US08195002B2	Adaptive post-deringing filter on compressed images An image filtering method, apparatus and system, wherein the method comprising the steps of detecting at least one portion of an edge, wherein the portion of the edge provides an indication that ringing artifact are probable; subjecting at least one portion of a pixel, related to the at least a portion of the edge, to a low pass filter to produce a filtered pixel; and blending the filtered pixel with a value relating to the filter prior to filtering to produce a filtered image.
US08195001B2	In-loop adaptive wiener filter for video coding and decoding A video encoder may use an adaptive Wiener filter inside the core video encoding loop to improve coding efficiency. In one embodiment, the Wiener filter may be on the input to a motion estimation unit and, in another embodiment, it may be on the output of a motion compensation unit. The taps for the Wiener filter may be determined based on characteristics of at least a region of pixel intensities within a picture. Thus, the filtering may be adaptive in that it varies based on the type of video being processed.
US08194991B2	Out-of-order coding A block encoder is operable to encode a target region of an image. The encoder encodes blocks from a target region of an image. The encoded blocks are stored in a scan order of the image. The encoded blocks are reordered into a scan order for the target region, and are output as an encoded image bit stream.
US08194983B2	Method and system for preprocessing an image for optical character recognition The present invention provides method and system for preprocessing an image including one or more of Arabic text and non-text items for Optical Character Recognition (OCR). The method includes determining a plurality of components associated with one or more of the Arabic text and the non-text items, wherein a component includes a set of connected pixels. A first set of characteristic parameters is then calculated for the plurality of components. The plurality of components are subsequently merged based on the first set of characteristic parameters to form one or more of one or more sub-words and one or more words.
US08194973B2	Decoding information from a captured image A method for decoding information from a captured image is disclosed. The captured image has a plurality of color patches including a plurality of payload patches, a plurality of calibration patches, and an orientation patch. The orientation patch has a unique characteristic with respect to the payload patches and the calibration patches. The method includes identifying, within the captured image, the color patch having the unique characteristic as the orientation patch. The plurality of calibration patches are identified within the captured image. Each of the calibration patches has a unique predetermined location with respect to the identified orientation patch. A relative orientation of the image is determined based on a location of the identified orientation patch within the captured image. Calibration information is discerned according to characteristics of the identified calibration patches. The relative orientation and the calibration information are utilized to decode the information from the payload patches in the captured image.
US08194967B2	Article visual inspection apparatus An article visual inspection apparatus capable of detecting that the surface conditions of an article are so inferior as to render the article unusable as a product and rejecting the same as a defective article by inspecting the article for external defects, occurring on the surface of the article, such as streaks, dice marks and rough surfaces of an aluminum extruded shape. The visual inspection apparatus comprises an imaging device (1) for imaging the surface of the article, and an image processing device (3) for capturing the picked up image. The image processing device (3) has a plurality of image processing units that compare a captured image with a set judging reference value to evaluate the result, whereby the quality of surface conditions is evaluated based on external defects such as streaks, dice marks and rough surfaces of an aluminum extruded shape, and evaluations by the respective image processing units are weighted by a weighting unit to thereby comprehensively judge whether to accept or reject the article.
US08194965B2	Method and system of providing a probability distribution to aid the detection of tumors in mammogram images Methods and systems are disclosed to aid in the detection of cancer or lesion in a mammogram images. Two mammogram images are input into an application that aids in determining the probability of a cancer or lesion being present in one or both of the images. The images are divided into different nodes and labels are applied to the nodes. The first node is compared to different variants of corresponding nodes on the second image as well as neighboring nodes on the first image. Based upon the comparisons, a unary and binary potential is calculated for the label that is applied to the node. The process is repeated for every possible label and for every node. Once the unary and binary potentials have been calculated, the potentials are input into a Conditional Random Field model to determine the probability of cancer for each node of the images.
US08194964B2	Analysis of anatomic regions delineated from image data Systems and methods for delineating anatomical boundaries from two- and three-dimensional image data are described. A template shape is used to examine new image element (e.g. pixel and/or voxel) locations and determine boundary intersection based on characteristics determined from the plurality of image elements contained within this template. The result is a polyline/surface delineation of the desired anatomy, which can be used for morphometric/shape analysis, patient specific output, and knowledge-based queries.
US08194963B2	Efficient estimator of pharmacokinetic parameters in breast MRI A method for performing pharmacokinetic analysis in magnetic resonance (MR) images includes administering a dose of contrast agent (CA) into a subject. A sequence of medical images is acquired of the subject at set temporal intervals. The time-based behavior of concentrations of CA is described within the subject for each voxel of each medical image of the sequence of medical images based on a reference voxel using a compartmental model for pharmacokinetic analysis that is based on a set of compartmental model parameters. The compartmental model is solved for each of the compartmental model parameters. The solution for the compartmental model parameters is used to estimate one or more parameters of physiological significance.
US08194958B2	Image display device An image display device that includes: a region-of-interest setting section that sets regions-of-interest respectively for multiple medical images representing a photographed subject; a difference image creating section that creates a difference image representing a difference between images of the regions-of-interest set by the region-of-interest setting section; and an image displaying section that displays the difference image as well as the images arranged side by side.
US08194955B2	Method and system for detection of contrast injection in fluoroscopic image sequences A method and system for detecting a spatial and temporal location of a contrast injection in a fluoroscopic image sequence is disclosed. Training volumes generated by stacking a sequence of 2D fluoroscopic images in time order are annotated with ground truth contrast injection points. A heart rate is globally estimated for each training volume, and local frequency and phase is estimated in a neighborhood of the ground truth contrast injection point for each training volume. Frequency and phase invariant features are extracted from each training volume based on the heart rate, local frequency and phase, and a detector is trained based on the training volumes and the features extracted for each training volume. The detector can be used to detect the spatial and temporal location of a contrast injection in a fluoroscopic image sequence.
US08194945B2	Computer aided image acquisition and diagnosis system A computer-aided image acquisition and diagnosis system, which generates and files images for facilitating the reading and diagnosis based on the acquired images. The X-ray CT apparatus for obtaining diagnosis image from the projection data of imaging of a subject, includes a selector means for selecting the detection object to be anticipated, a scanner means for scanning the subject placed in position, an image processing means for reconstructing the subject image from the projection data obtained from the scanner means, an extractor means for extracting the detection object selected in the selector means from within the reconstructed image, and a display means for displaying the detection object extracted by the extractor means.
US08194944B2	Method of automatically displaying medical measurement data In a method of automatically displaying medical measurement data, a computer receives medical measurement data, automatically, in real time, converts the received measurement data into data for histograms, and outputs the converted data as picture signals. A readout (10) displays histogram columns (12) and a cumulative curve (14).
US08194941B2	Character noise eliminating apparatus, character noise eliminating method, and character noise eliminating program To provide a character noise eliminating apparatus that can eliminate a character noise when a fingerprint ridgeline area has a higher density than a character noise area. A character noise eliminating apparatus includes a device for repeating a processing in which a binary image is generated by binarizing an image with a binarization threshold that is inputted by an operator and the binary image is displayed on a data display device, and determining the character noise area, a device for setting density conversion area layers inside and outside the character noise area, and a device for setting a neighboring pixel group within the same density conversion area layer as the density conversion area layer to which a target pixel belongs as a reference area of the target pixel, with respect to pixels in the density conversion area layers, and generating a density converted image applying a local image enhancement.
US08194934B2	Apparatus for and method of using reliability information to produce and update image recognition data In an information processing apparatus, an acquisition unit acquires information of a predetermined type, and a reliability information producing unit produces reliability information indicating reliability of the information of the predetermined type on the basis of a deviation from a predetermined standard condition. A storage unit stores the reliability information indicating the reliability of the information of the predetermined type produced by the reliability information producing unit, in association with the information of the predetermined type.
US08194929B2	Position/attitude recognizing method, part holding method, part arranging method, part assembling method, position/attitude recognizing apparatus, part holding apparatus, part arranging apparatus and part assembling apparatus A group of light spots dispersed and disposed three-dimensionally to be disposed not in one plane on an object-to-be-measured are shot by a camera. A position and an attitude of the object-to-be-measured are recognized based on an optical image representing each of the light spots included on a shot image by the camera.
US08194927B2	Road-lane marker detection using light-based sensing technology A method is provided for detecting road lane markers using a light-based sensing device. Reflectivity data is captured using the light-based sensing device. A light intensity signal is generated based on the captured reflectivity data. The light intensity signal is convolved with a differential filter for generating a filter response that identifies a candidate lane marker region and ground segment regions juxtaposed on each side of the candidate lane marker region. A weighted standard deviation of the data points within the identified candidate lane marker region and weighted standard deviation of the data points within the ground segment regions are calculated. An objective value is determined as a function of the respective weighted standard deviations. The objective value is compared to a respective threshold for determining whether the identified candidate lane marker region is a lane marker.
US08194916B2	Method and apparatus for monitoring tree growth A system for identifying forest stands within an area of interest that are exhibiting abnormal growth determines a relationship between vegetation index (VI) values determined from a first and a second image of the area of interest. From the relationship, an expected or predicted VI value for each forest stand is determined and compared with the actual VI value computed for the forest stand from the first image. Those forest stands with a difference between the actual and predicted VI values that exceed a threshold are identified as exhibiting abnormal growth.
US08194912B2	Method and apparatus for analyzing image, and computer product In analysis of a panorama image that is created by processing a series of picture frames, a partial image to constitute a part of the panorama image is extracted from one picture frame among the picture frames, optical flows of the one picture frame is calculated, each of the optical flows with each pixel in the partial image are associated with each other, and a distance to a subject appearing in the partial image is calculated based on the associated optical flows.
US08194903B2	Hearing apparatus with battery compartment locking A hearing apparatus is provided with a housing and/or frame and a battery compartment that is mounted rotatably in or on the housing or frame between an open position and a closed position. The battery compartment, radially relative to the axis of rotation, has a first locking element within the battery charger area. A second locking element that corresponds to the first locking element is arranged on the housing or frame so that the battery compartment engages removably in a specified pivoted position between the open position and the closed position.
US08194901B2	Control device and method for wireless audio signal transmission within the context of hearing device programming A method for programming a hearing device is described, in which audio data and programming data is transmitted from a programming device to the hearing device, with the audio data and the programming data being converted into data packets and transmitted via a common channel of a digital radio connection from the programming device to the hearing device.
US08194895B2	Condenser microphone There is provided a condenser microphone in which electromagnetic shielding in the connecting part of a microphone capsule and a microphone main body is made more reliable. In the condenser microphone including a microphone capsule 10 and a microphone main body 20, the microphone capsule 10 being configured so that an electrostatic acoustic-electric converter is accommodated in a metallic capsule housing 11, and an extraction electrode 15 of a backplate 142 is disposed in substantially the central portion of a connection-side opening part 120, and the microphone main body 20 being configured so that a circuit board 22 is disposed at a predetermined depth position in a connection-side opening part 210 of a metallic microphone housing 21 to which the capsule housing 11 is detachably connected, and a field effect transistor 23 and a conductive contacting means for connecting the gate of the field effect transistor 23 to the extraction electrode 15 are disposed; and configured so that the extraction electrode 15 is connected to the gate of the field effect transistor 23 via the conductive contacting means with the connection of the capsule housing 11 to the microphone housing 21, as the conductive contacting means, a conductive elastic material 31 such as a conductive resin foam or a conductive cloth is used, and a ferrite material 32 is disposed on the circuit board 22 so as to surround the conductive elastic material 31.
US08194893B1	Wired in-ear monitor system A portable in-ear audio monitor system for a musician having reduced and simplified overall parts. The in-ear audio system providing the musician with time saving setup and teardown instrumentation for a performance. The invention provides an improved method and apparatus to allow a musician precise monitoring, more movement about stage, reduction in cables needed and improved simplicity of pre-performance setup of equipment. It eliminates the need for a hip pack, distribution box and wedge speaker providing a single cable system having a small and simple splitter jack for the headset and the instrument. Direct ‘in-ear’ monitoring is provided via a monitor box, having line level or speaker level input signals from a sound monitor, and feeding a headphone without using a wired or wireless hip pack. Monitor signal radio interference and noise is greatly reduced. Headset volume control is provided along with an optional reverb and/or sound equalizer.
US08194890B2	Detecting and processing button press events for performing electronic device operations This is directed to processing inputs received from an input mechanism to control media playback operations and volume. The input mechanism can include a first button providing inputs by shorting an electrical circuit, and a second button providing inputs by changing the resistance or tone detected or received by a processor. To process inputs, a processor can first detect and process short events from the first button, and subsequently process button events from the second button.
US08194880B2	System and method for utilizing omni-directional microphones for speech enhancement Systems and methods for utilizing inter-microphone level differences (ILD) to attenuate noise and enhance speech are provided. In exemplary embodiments, primary and secondary acoustic signals are received by omni-directional microphones, and converted into primary and secondary electric signals. A differential microphone array module processes the electric signals to determine a cardioid primary signal and a cardioid secondary signal. The cardioid signals are filtered through a frequency analysis module which takes the signals and mimics a cochlea implementation (i.e., cochlear domain). Energy levels of the signals are then computed, and the results are processed by an ILD module using a non-linear combination to obtain the ILD. In exemplary embodiments, the non-linear combination comprises dividing the energy level associated with the primary microphone by the energy level associated with the secondary microphone. The ILD is utilized by a noise reduction system to enhance the speech of the primary acoustic signal.
US08194862B2	Video game system with mixing of independent pre-encoded digital audio bitstreams A computer-implemented method of encoding audio includes accessing a plurality of independent audio source streams, each of which includes a sequence of source frames. Respective source frames of each sequence include respective pluralities of pulse-code modulated audio samples. Each of the plurality of independent audio source streams is separately encoded to generate a plurality of independent encoded streams, each of which corresponds to a respective independent audio source stream. The encoding includes, for respective source frames, converting respective pluralities of pulse-code modulated audio samples to respective pluralities of floating-point frequency samples that are divided into a plurality of frequency bands. An instruction to mix the plurality of independent encoded streams is received; in response, respective floating-point frequency samples of the independent encoded streams are combined. An output bitstream is generated that includes the combined respective floating-point frequency samples.
US08194859B2	Efficient key hierarchy for delivery of multimedia content A Digital Rights Management (DRM) system provides a lightweight layering of encryption and decryption of keys that allows efficient use of different cryptographic techniques to effect the secure delivery of multimedia content. Asymmetric cryptography, where a public key is used to encrypt information that can only be decrypted by a matched private key, is used by the DRM system to deliver symmetric keys securely.
US08194857B2	Multiple-stage system and method for processing encoded messages System and methods for processing encoded messages at a message receiver are described. Encoded message processing is performed in multiple stages. In a first stage, a new received message is at least partially decoded by performing any decoding operations that require no user input and a resulting context object is stored in memory, before a user is notified that the new message has been received. When the user accesses the new message, any further required decoding operations are performed on the stored context object in a second stage of processing. The message can subsequently be displayed or otherwise processed relatively quickly, without repeating the first stage decoding operations. Decoding operations may include signature verification, decryption, other types of decoding, or some combination thereof.
US08194849B2	System and method for providing audible messages in replacement of telephone tones A computer implemented system and method for providing at least one audible message at a communication device in replacement of a pre-determined telephone tone. There is provided a tone detector interface for detecting the pre-determined telephone tone provided at the communication device; an audible messages database accessible to the tone detector interface and the communication device, the audible messages database storing the audible messages; and a tone replacement module in communication with the tone detector interface. The tone replacement module, in response to detecting the pre-determined telephone tone, may provide the audible message in replacement of the pre-determined telephone tone.
US08194840B2	Teleconference subscription control for agenda subscription tools A method, system, and computer program product for autonomously controlling caller access to a teleconference based on specified preferences of a moderator. Using preferences established by the moderator of a teleconference, a conference control system may grant or restrict access of participants of the teleconference. The conference control system may authorize callers of a teleconference based on the current agenda item being discussed or the amount of time a caller has been on the ongoing teleconference. When a specific caller is not authorized to be on a conversation, the conference control system may mute the conversation for a specific caller, or disconnect the caller. The conference control system may autonomously re-connect the caller when an authorized agenda item for the caller is being discussed.
US08194834B2	Method for selective call-waiting in a communication system A system and method (300) are disclosed for selective call-waiting in a communication system. A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a communication device (102) having a controller (206) that manages operations of a transceiver (202) for exchanging messages in a communication system, and a user interface (UI) (204) for exchanging messages with an end user of the communication device. The controller can be programmed to establish (302) voice communications with a first party, receive (308) a caller ID associated with a call from a second party while voice communications are taking place with the first party, compare (314) the caller ID with a phonebook, and if an entry in the phonebook matches the caller ID, submit (316, 320) a notification to the end user of the communication device that identifies the call from the second party. Additional embodiments are disclosed.
US08194832B2	Methods, systems and devices for providing voice mail caller identification for display on a telephone Caller identification information is transmitted from a voice mail server to a telephone in response to receiving a voice mail message for the telephone at the voice mail server, and independent of receiving a request from the telephone to access the voice mail server. Caller identification information for the voice mail message may thereby be provided as a notification that the voice mail message was received at the voice mail server. Related methods, systems and devices are disclosed.
US08194825B2	Methods and apparatus for call surveillance in internet protocol communication networks Methods and apparatus for call surveillance in Internet protocol communication networks are disclosed. An example method to perform call surveillance in a communication network disclosed herein comprises determining an overall path delay measurement associated with using a first media server to perform surveillance of a call between a first user device and a second user device in an Internet Protocol Multimedia Subsystem network, and determining whether to perform surveillance of the call with one of the first media server or a second media server based on the overall path delay measurement.
US08194822B2	X-ray inspection based on scatter detection Systems and methods for inspecting an object with a scanned beam of penetrating radiation. Scattered radiation from the beam is detected, in either a backward or forward direction. Characteristic values of the scattered radiation are compared to expected reference values to characterize the object. Additionally, penetrating radiation transmitted through the inspected object may be combined with scatter information. In certain embodiments, the inspected field of view is less than 0.1 steradians, and the detector is separate from the source of penetrating radiation and is disposed, with respect to the object, such as to subtend greater than 0.5 steradians in the field of view of the object.
US08194811B2	Clock repeater and phase-error correcting circuit Embodiments of a clock repeater and phase-error correcting circuit are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. In some embodiments, a clock repeater and phase-error correcting circuit may include a polyphase network having a non-symmetrical frequency response selected to reduce static phase error from a multi-phase clock signal, and an output buffer to buffer and to amplify the phase-corrected multi-phase clock signal.
US08194805B2	Digital demodulating apparatus, digital receiver, controlling method of the apparatus, computer program product, and recording medium recording thereon the product A digital demodulating apparatus includes an intensity changing unit that changes the intensity of a received signal; a channel selecting unit that applies channel selection processing to the signal whose intensity has been changed by the intensity changing unit; a demodulating unit that applies demodulation processing to the signal to which the channel selecting unit has applied channel selection processing; a noise evaluating unit that evaluates an influence of noise components on a desired component in the signal to be input to the demodulating unit; and a gain changing unit that changes, on the basis of a result of the evaluation by the noise evaluating unit, the gain of the change in the intensity of the received signal by the intensity changing unit so that the influence of the noise components is decreased in the signal to be input to the demodulating unit.
US08194803B2	Method and apparatus for regaining watermark data that were embedded in an original signal by modifying sections of said original signal in relation to at least two different reference data sequences Every watermarking processing needs a detection metric to decide at decoder side whether audio signal content is marked, and which symbol is embedded inside the audio signal content. The invention provides a new detection metric that achieves a reliable detection of watermarks in the presence of additional noise and echoes. This is performed by taking into account the information contained in the echoes of the received audio signal in the decision metric and comparing it with the corresponding metric obtained from decoding a non-marked audio signal, based on calculating the false positive detection rates of the reference sequences for multiple peaks. The watermark symbol corresponding to the reference sequence having the lowest false positive error is selected as the embedded one.
US08194802B2	Apparatus and method for detecting cyclic prefix length in mobile communication system An apparatus and method for detecting a Cyclic Prefix (CP) length in a mobile communication system are provided. The apparatus includes first, second, third and fourth correlators, an average unit, and a length detector. The first, second, third and fourth correlators respectively correlate first, second, third and fourth CP parts within a frame boundary. The average unit averages the correlation values of the first, second, third and fourth correlators. The length detector determines the CP as an extended CP if the average value minus the correlation value of the fourth correlator is greater than a first threshold value. Accordingly, less memory may be required to determine a CP length as compared to the conventional art.
US08194801B1	Efficient decoding of spatially-multiplexed signals A method for communication includes receiving a spatially-multiplexed signal using multiple receivers to produce multiple respective received signals. The spatially-multiplexed signal includes multiple simultaneously-transmitted symbols, which are selected from respective sets of constellation symbols, each constellation symbol representing a respective set of values of a group of data bits.Combinations of the constellation symbols are traversed iteratively. Each combination includes one constellation symbol from each of the sets of the constellation symbols and represents N data bits. The traversed combinations are searched for a combination that matches the received signals.During traversal of the combinations, at least 2N measures of likelihood regarding the values of the data bits represented by each traversed combination are accumulated. The accumulated measures of likelihood are processed to produce soft bit metrics. The values of the data bits carried by the multiple transmitted symbols are reconstructed responsively to the soft bit metrics.
US08194793B2	Multi-stage frequency offset estimation and compensation method and its circuit A multi-stage frequency offset (FO) estimation and compensation method and its circuit are described. The method includes performing at least a stage of primary-level FO estimation and compensation procedure, and a stage of advance-level FO estimation and compensation procedure. The first stage receives an input carrier signal of a larger FO and outputs a corrected carrier signal with an estimation error within the required estimation range of the next stage, to the next stage. Generated and fed forward stage-by-stage, the corrected carrier signal free of FO may be approached. Besides, since a feed-forward rather than a closed-loop approach is employed, the SNR requirement may be lower. Also, at primary-level, modulation may be first removed so the whole input carrier signal may be used to estimate FO; at advance-level, the periodic PN sequence in the input carrier signal may be utilized to estimate FO, thereby no dedicated training symbols are required.
US08194791B2	Joint, adaptive control of equalization, synchronization, and gain in a digital communications receiver Various aspects and embodiments of the present invention derive statistics of received signal quality and use these statistics to jointly control operation of timing recovery, carrier recovery, automatic gain control, and equalization functions.
US08194790B2	Spaced one-hot receiver A mobile device that incorporates the MIPI D-PHY specification has data lanes for carrying data between electronic modules within the device. The data lanes may incorporate a spaced-one-hot approach for asynchronously receiving a data signal over a two-wire interface. A two-wire receive interface is provided that uses an exclusive-NOR to capture a timing signal along with a set-reset flip-flop which holds the state of the data line so that a D flip-flop that is clocked on the falling edge of the timing signal received from the exclusive-NOR gate can sample the data and provide an accurate asynchronous data output.
US08194783B2	Variable rate coding for a forward and reverse link A technique for encoding a signal used in a digital communication system in which individual traffic channel data rates may be adapted to specific channel conditions. In particular, a forward error correction coding rate is adapted for individual channels while at the same time maintaining a fixed block size independent of the FEC coding rate. This allows the system data rate to adapt to the channel conditions experienced by a specific user. Thus, users experiencing good communication conditions with low multipath distortion may be allocated higher capacity, whereas users with significant multipath distortion may make use of lower rate (higher levels of coding) error codes to maintain high quality. Messages are sent from a transmitter to a receiver to inform the receiver of the coding rate implemented at any given point in time. These parameters may be adjusted independent of transmitted power level through the expedient of ensuring that size of a transmitted frame remains constant, while permitting the ability to change FEC coding rates and FEC block sizes.
US08194768B1	Channel estimation using linear phase estimation Systems and methods are provided for channel estimation using linear phase estimation. These systems and methods enable improved channel estimation by estimating a linear channel phase between received pilot subcarrier signals. The estimated linear phase can then be removed from the received pilot subcarrier signals. After the estimated linear phase is removed from the received pilot subcarrier signals, a channel response can be estimated. A final estimated channel response can be generated by multiplying the results of the linear channel estimation by the estimated linear phase.
US08194760B2	Method and apparatus for distributed space-time coding in wireless radio networks A method and apparatus is disclosed herein for performing distributed space-time coding. In one embodiment, the distributed space-time coding is used for downlink communications in wireless radio networks. In one embodiment, the method comprises storing information-bearing sequence at two or more base stations in a group of base stations; and transmitting data corresponding to the information-bearing sequence from a number of base stations for receipt by a receiver of a user, where the number of base stations is not globally known a priori and indicates a diversity of order, such that the diversity of order M is obtained if a total of M number of antennas spread over multiple base stations transmit the information-bearing sequence, where M is an integer.
US08194750B2	System and method for digital communication having a circulant bit interleaver for equal error protection (EEP) and unequal error protection (UEP) A system and method for processing uncompressed high definition video data to be transmitted over a wireless medium is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes i) a plurality of convolutional encoders configured to input a plurality of video data streams and output a plurality of encoded data streams, respectively, wherein each data stream includes a plurality of data bits, ii) a group multiplexer configured to multiplex the plurality of encoded data streams into a multiplexed data stream, wherein the group multiplexer is further configured to multiplex a plurality of data bits together at one time and iii) a circulant bit interleaver configured to receive an m×n data stream block having n columns and m rows or convert the multiplexed data stream to an m×n data stream block, wherein the m×n data stream block comprises m×n data bits, and wherein the bit interleaver is further configured to interleave the received data bits diagonally and in a circulant manner with respect to the m×n block. The circulant bit interleaver interleaves the multiplexed data bits such that all data bits in one QAM symbol come from different convolutional encoders.
US08194736B2	Video data compression with integrated lossy and lossless compression A method and apparatus to compress video data to smaller size and embed extra information into the compressed data using the integrated lossy and lossless compressions is described. The method can be used to compress reference frames of a video codec (coder/decoder) combines codec where the small noise is critical and to reduce bus bandwidth. Data transfer between an encoder and an external frame memory connected via an external bus in a video codec is reduced by compressing data from the encoder prior to inputting into the frame memory over the external bus, and decompressing the compressed data from the frame memory after retrieving over the external bus. Reference frames are compressed to variable size without causing any considerable artifact to reduce bus bandwidth between the encoder core and external memory. In the method, lossy and lossless compression is integrated to maximize the compression efficiency.
US08194728B2	Tap/group-revivable decision feedback equalizing method and equalizer using the same A tap/group-revivable decision feedback equalizing method and equalizer using the same is disclosed. The equalizer includes a feed-forward filter and a feedback filter each with a plurality of taps divided in groups. The tap/group-revivable decision equalizing method includes training all the taps to generate their tap coefficients, and selecting all the taps of any of the groups with a tap coefficient greater than a predetermined value and selecting a number of taps of any of the groups without a tap coefficient greater than the predetermined value, but with a neighboring group with a tap coefficient greater than the predetermined value are selected, and having the selected taps utilized for equalization.
US08194726B2	Filter weight estimation device with update at HSDSCH symbol rate, for a symbol level equaliser A filter weight estimation device (D), for an equaliser of a communication receiver, comprises i) a tap delay line connected to N branches each comprising a descrambler (DS1-DSN) and a despreader (DE1-DEN), for despreading received signals, corresponding to one or more available multiplexed channels associated with different channelization codes, with a reference code equal to the sum of all the channelization codes associated to the available multiplexed channels, Ë) an adaptive filter (AF) comprising N input filter taps respectively connected to the N branches and a regression input and arranged to estimate the sum of the symbols outputted by the despreaders (DE1-DEN) and associated to each available channel, said symbol sum constituting a pseudo-symbol estimate defining a reference symbol estimate (rs), and to implement a mechanism of a LMS type to deliver a chosen number of filter weights (fi), iË) a quantiser (SM) arranged to quantise the reference symbol estimate (rs) to estimate a desired reference symbol (d), and iv) an error computation module (AM) for subtracting the reference symbol estimate (rs) from the desired reference symbol (d) to output an error signal (e) feeding the regression input.
US08194725B2	Communication system A method for reducing ringing in a signal output from a filter comprising inputting a signal into a filter; filtering a first portion of the input signal to generate a filtered portion of the output signal; analyzing the filtered portion of the output signal; detecting if ringing is present in the filtered portion of the output signal based on said analysis; and adjusting the filter characteristics to reduce ringing in a subsequent filtered portion of the output signal if it is determined that ringing is present.
US08194723B2	Test apparatus for 64B/66B encoding process The present invention provides a test apparatus for a 64B/66B encoding process capable of precisely performing a test with a high reproducibility on a certain pattern of a 64B/66B encoder or decoder. A frame generator generates frame data in a layer higher than a physical coding sublayer of Ethernet (registered trademark) and inputs the frame data to a 64B/66B encoder such that the 64B/66B encoder performs a 64B/66B encoding process of the physical coding sublayer with respect to the frame data. A sequence pattern generator generates a certain 66B sequence pattern written in advance, and a controller writes a desired sequence pattern in the sequence pattern generator and, at the same time, controls a data selector to select one of data encoded by the 64B/66B encoder and a sequence pattern output from the sequence pattern generator and to provide the selected one to a test subject.
US08194719B2	Method and apparatus for maximizing standby time in remote stations configured to receive broadcast databurst messages A wireless telecommunications system includes a base station, a plurality of remote stations, a first channel for general page messages containing paging information and broadcast databurst message references, and an auxiliary channel for broadcast databurst notification indicators for the purpose of increasing standby time in remote stations configured to receive broadcast databurst messages.
US08194717B2	Resource sharing A method comprising: determining which of a first process and a second process uses a first resource, wherein the first process requires use of a first resource to produce a result and the second process competes with the first process for use of the first resource; and controlling the first process, when the second process uses the first resource, to produce a result without use of the first resource.
US08194715B2	Apparatus and method for generating a monocycle An apparatus for generating a monocycle comprises an input signal source (76) for providing an input signal, and a step recovery diode (SRD) (80) for receiving the input signal and producing an impulse. A shunt inductor (102) is provided to act as a first differentiator and a capacitor (92) connected in series to the output of the step recovery diode acts as a second differentiator. The first and second differentiators are arranged to double differentiate the impulse to produce a monocycle.
US08194713B2	Optical semiconductor device An optical semiconductor device includes: a beam splitter that splits an input optical axis into a first split axis having a first split angle and a second split axis having a second split angle larger than the first split angle; a first unit that is located on the first split axis of the beam splitter and has one or more optical components, an interval between a more distant end of the first unit and the beam splitter having a first length; a second unit that is located on the second split axis of the beam splitter and has one or more optical components, an interval between a more distant end of the second unit and the beam splitter having a second length larger than the first length; and an optical semiconductor element that has a first outputting end having a first output axis coupled optically to the input optical axis of the beam splitter, a second outputting end having a second output axis, and optical gain, the optical semiconductor element being inclined so that the second output axis is arranged away to a side of the second split axis from the first output axis.
US08194712B2	Monolithically integrated laser diode chip having a construction as a multiple beam laser diode A monolithically integrated laser diode chip having a construction as a multiple beam laser diode, which, on a semiconductor substrate (3) comprised of GaAs, has at least two laser stacks (4a, 4b, 4c) which are arranged one above another and which each contain an active zone (7). The active zone (7) is in each case arranged between waveguide layers (8). The waveguide layers (8) each adjoin a cladding layer (6) at a side remote from the active zone. At least one of the waveguide layers (8) or cladding layers (6) of at least one laser stack (4a, 4b, 4c), comprises AlxGa1-xAs, where 0≦x≦1, and at least one additional material from main group III or V, such that the lattice mismatch between the at least one waveguide layer (8) or cladding layer (6) comprising the at least one additional element and the semiconductor substrate (3) composed of GaAs is reduced. This increases the lifetime of the laser diode chip.
US08194695B2	Terminal and method for wireless sensor network for determining contention windows in contention-based channel access A communication terminal and method is provided for improving channel utilization efficiency in a wireless sensor network using contention-based channel access mechanism is disclosed. The communication method according to the present invention comprises initializing, when a packet transmission is required, a contention window to a size; resetting, when a channel is assessed to be busy, the size of the contention window in a hybrid expansion mode; and attempting, when the channel is assessed to be idle, the packet transmission through the channel.
US08194693B2	Autonomous wireless networks A device is operable to use received signals to divide time into a succession of frames, each frame having plural consecutive timeslots, and into a succession of four or more superframes. A transmitter is operated only in a single timeslot in one frame. A receiver is operated in the other timeslots in the frame and for all timeslots of immediately preceding and following frames, and in no other frames. This allows devices to predict periods in which to hibernate or carry out intensive tasks. The device determines which timeslots of the first frame are occupied to provide local awareness information, and transmits it as a code on its transmit timeslot along with payload data. This allows other devices in a network to obtain information about their local environment and about the environment of their neighbors. Routing decisions are made on this basis.
US08194688B2	Node disposition apparatus, node disposition method and computer readable medium thereof A node disposition apparatus, a node disposition method and a computer readable medium thereof are provided. The node disposition apparatus may determine where a base station (BS) and a relay station (RS) should be disposed according to a connected mobile station amount of each node disposition candidate position in a non-transparent wireless network. Thereby, the BS and the RS may be disposed effectively to overcome the defects of the conventional BS and RS disposition way.
US08194686B2	Communications relay device, program and method, and network system The present invention relates to a communications relay device placed between networks. The communications relay device includes a unit of translating a content of a call control packet flowing between the networks, a unit of storing translation information for translating a content of a data packet for each session, a unit of translating a data packet in accordance with the stored translation information, a unit of analyzing a content of a call control packet flowing between a first communication device placed in the first network and a communication device for call control and registering translation information, and a unit of associating two pieces of translation information generated based on call control packets relevant to a session between communication devices placed in the first network.
US08194671B2	Method for reactivating connections in a cellular telephony system A method for a cellular communications system (100) with a user (UE, 110) and a hierarchy of nodes between a UE (110) and an external network (150). The hierarchy comprises at least first (125) and second (130) nodes, and there can be a plurality of connections between the UE (110) and the network (150) via data channels (160) between the nodes, and plurality of data containers (170) with data regarding the data channels. A connection between a UE (110) and the external network (150) can be inactivated whilst the corresponding data container (170) is preserved, and an inactivated connection can be reactivated by the external network (150). When a connection is to be reactivated, the second node (130) utilizes information from the external network (150) in order to reactivate the data channel or channels which is/are concerned and which have had their data containers (170) preserved.
US08194669B1	Method and system for identifying media type transmitted over an atm network A system and method suitable for identifying the type of communication that is transferred between two intermediate nodes over a communication link that has a plurality of different channels or sub-channels each of which carry user's data. With accurate identification of the communication types, subsequent bandwidth management decisions can be made such that a telecommunications system can have increased bandwidth utilization without jeopardizing user contracted QoS levels.
US08194655B2	Digraph based mesh communication network In a packet communication network, a method of packet switched transport is provided using digraphs defining paths among nodes in which a graph identifier, instead of a literal destination address, is used to determine paths through the network. The nodes themselves implement a real-time mesh of connectivity. Packets flow along paths that are available to them, flowing around obstructions such as dead nodes and lost links without need for additional computation, route request messages, or dynamic routing tree construction.
US08194654B1	Virtual dial-up protocol for network communication A layer two forwarding protocol (L2F) provides virtual direct dial-up service into private networks through public internet service providers. An authorized remote client appears as a direct dial-up client to the home gateway, even through the client is accessing the home gateway remotely through the ISP. The new forwarding protocol allows the remote client to conduct point-to-point link protocols, such as point-to-point protocol (PPP) and serial line interface protocol (SLIP) directly with the local network home gateway. The network access server changes from a routing mode where a communication protocol is conducted with the client to a switching mode where the POP simply sends data from one port to a tunnel. The tunnel then transmits the data to another port, regardless of the header information on transmitted data packets. The remote client can then be managed through databases controlled by the local network and gain access to resources not typically accessible through the internet. The layer two forwarding protocol conducts an independent authorization session to prevent unauthorized access to the private network and provides point-to-point protocol transport over the internet independently of internet transport protocols.
US08194650B2	Method for establishing the IP flow map updating connection in a high rate packet data network The present invention discloses a method for establishing connections in IP flow mapping update in a HRPD network, comprising steps of: (1) when a PCF receives a request for establishing A8 connections that need to be re-mapped, if determining that there is A8 connection supported, sending an A11-registration request to a PDSN; (2) when the PDSN receives the information on A10 connections in the A11-registration request, if determining that there is A10 connection supported, establishing those A10 connections and sending an A11-registration reply; (3) when the PCF receives the reply message, establishing all the A8 connections corresponding to the A10 connections and sending an A9-connect-A8 to the AN; (4) an AT and the AN releasing and removing the IP flow that can not be mapped to any of the A8 connections or resource reserved by the IP flow according to the A9-connect-A8 received.
US08194648B2	Cellular communication system and a method of operation therefor A cellular communication system comprises a media gateway (111) which interfaces between a packet switched network (113) and a circuit switched network (115). The media gateway (111) time aligns received packet data in response to timestamps of these. Each of first and second RNC (105, 109) comprise a Node B interface (201) which receives real time data being data of an air interface communication from the remote station (101) to a base station (103, 107) supported by the RNC (105, 109). A packet processor (203, 205) then transmits the data packets to the media gateway (111) via the packet switched network (113). A timestamp processor (207) determines timestamps for the data packets in response to a timing characteristic of the air interface communication.
US08194646B2	System and method for providing requested quality of service in a hybrid network Telephone calls, data and other multimedia information is routed through a hybrid network which includes transfer of information across the internet. A media order entry captures complete user profile information for a user. This profile information is utilized by the system throughout the media experience for routing, billing, monitoring, reporting and other media control functions. Users can manage more aspects of a network than previously possible, and control network activities from a central site. The hybrid network also contains logic for responding to requests for quality of service and reserving the resources to provide the requested services.
US08194645B2	System for blind/attended transfer in session initiation protocol (SIP)-based network and method of controlling the transfer A method for controlling blind/attended transfer in an SIP-based network includes: transmitting, by an SIP-based terminal, a call request message to a third terminal, which is an object of a call transfer, after pausing a communication with a second terminal by transmitting a call waiting message to the SIP server; determining, by the SIP-based terminal, whether a call transfer function (Hook on) has been activated prior to receiving a call response (200OK) signal from the SIP server; and performing, by the SIP-based terminal, the blind transfer with the third terminal by transmitting a call transfer message (REFER) to the SIP server upon the call transfer function (Hook on) being activated prior to receiving the call response message from the SIP server. The SIP-based terminal processes the blind/attended transfer using one input, thereby providing convenience to a user.
US08194623B2	Evolving-type user resource structure/channelization with enhanced diversity for OFDMA based time-varying channels An evolving-type resource structure supports high data rate services at high mobile speeds. The evolving-type resource structure is an efficient diversity-exploiting user resource structure for fast time-varying frequency-selective fading channel environments. In one example, an evolving-type resource structure takes advantages of both band-type and interleaved-type structures which exploit both multiuser diversity and frequency diversity in fast time-varying channels. The evolving-type resource structure is applicable to centralized, semi-distributed and distributed access schemes and may be used in both downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmissions in a cellular system.
US08194617B2	Method and apparatus for increasing efficiency of data packet transmission An apparatus and method for increasing efficiency of data packet transmission comprising receiving a TCA message and a new pilot signal; determining if the TCA message includes at least one scheduler tag; performing one of the following: determining if there are other pilot signals associated with the at least one scheduler tag or determining if the new pilot signal is in a softer handoff with a member of an active set; and performing one of the following: associating the new pilot signal to the at least one scheduler tag or creating a new scheduler group and associating the new pilot signal with it. In one aspect, one of the following additional steps is performed: determining if all the other pilot signals are newly added to the at least one scheduler tag or determining if at least one of the other pilot signals is associated with the active set.
US08194606B2	Method for scanning access points during station's handoff procedure in wireless communication system and station performing the method, and network interface supporting the method and wireless communication system enabling the method A wireless communication system includes at least one AP assigned with a unique MAC address and a shared virtual MAC address; and at least one mobile station to search the at least one AP, receive AP information from the retrieved AP, and perform a handoff, wherein the mobile station transmits query data to the shared virtual MAC address, receives response data from the AP, determines whether the AP exists on a predetermined channel, and when the AP exists on the channel, requests the AP having the shared virtual MAC address for AP information, and receives the AP information from the AP.
US08194605B2	Global virtual local area network for voice communication sessions in a wireless local area network A first wireless AP of a WLAN in a first subnet segment of a network has both a local ESSID and a global ESSID for mobile devices to associate with it. Similarly, a second wireless AP of the WLAN in a second subnet segment of the network has both a local ESSID and the global ESSID for mobile devices to associate with it. The global ESSID is used for accessing a global VLAN which spans across the first and the second subnet segments. Initially, a mobile device associates with the first wireless AP using the local ESSID. Just prior to a VoIP session, the mobile device reassociates with the first wireless AP using the global ESSID. If a handoff to the second wireless AP is made during the VoIP session, the mobile device associates with the second wireless AP using the global ESSID.
US08194603B2	Subframe component reduction and notification in a heterogeneous wireless communication system A wireless base unit (102) supporting carrier aggregation determines a truncation time period (159, 169) in order to create a reduced subframe component (154, 164) on an additional component carrier (120) such that the truncated subframe component (154, 164) does not interfere with the control region (171, 172) of a subframe (170, 180) transmitted on an overlapping component carrier (130) by an uncoordinated second base unit (105). The wireless base unit (102) transmits the truncated subframe component (154, 164) and also transmits truncation time period information within a control region (151, 161) of an anchor carrier (110). A remote terminal (104, 108) that supports carrier aggregation searches a control region (151, 161) of a subframe (150, 160) transmitted on the anchor carrier (110) for truncation information and uses the truncation information to determine a boundary of a data region in a subframe component (154, 164) received on the additional component carrier (120).
US08194599B2	Method and system for autonomous channel coordination for a wireless distribution system A method and system for autonomous channel coordination for a wireless distribution system (WDS) are disclosed. A wireless communication system includes a plurality of access points (APs) and the APs communicate each other via a WDS. A coordinated channel group (CCG) of a plurality of member APs is established. The member APs of the CCG camp on a WDS channel used for the WDS among the member APs of the CCG. One AP among the member APs of the CCG is designated as a master AP. The master AP coordinates with other member APs of the CCG for selecting and configuring the WDS channel for the CCG and addition and deletion of member APs. By allowing APs to define a CCG, changes of the WDS channel are performed autonomously while maintaining connectivity.
US08194587B2	Adaptive network supporting single to concurrent interfering wireless transmissions A wireless network infrastructure supporting a plurality of wireless end point devices containing a wireless access point and a plurality of end point wireless devices that supports single transmission and reception and/or concurrent interfering transmission and reception. The wireless access point transmits data to the end point wireless devices that supports single transmission and reception during a first portion of a first data transmission period and simultaneously transmits data to the end point wireless devices that supports concurrent interfering transmission and reception during a second portion of the first data transmission period. The wireless access point simultaneously receives data from the end point wireless devices that supports concurrent interfering transmission and reception during a second data transmission period. The wireless access point detects and separates data that arrive from the Plurality of end point wireless devices that supports concurrent interfering transmission and reception.
US08194586B2	Cellular phone terminal having built-in wireless LAN, cellular phone system and personal information protection method therefor Disclosed are a cellular phone terminal having built-in wireless LAN, a cellular phone system and a privacy protection method therefore that enable to prevent leakage of private information (or privacy) of the user of the cellular phone terminal from the communication data when conducting a search for wireless LAN base stations. The cellular phone terminal 10 comprises, in addition to the cellular phone function section 11, a cellular phone network transmitter/receiver section 14, a wireless LAN transmitter/receiver section 13 and a wireless LAN connection control section 12, an SSID•MAC address management section 15 connected to the wireless LAN connection control section 12 and the cellular phone network transmitter receiver section 14. The SSID•MAC address management section 15 is allocated by a MAC address management server 25 one or more temporary MAC addresses together with their time limit by way of the cellular phone network transmitter/receiver section 14 and a cellular phone base station 23 and the temporary MAC addresses are used when conducting a search for wireless LAN base stations 21.
US08194578B2	System and method for transmitting/receiving multicast/broadcast signal in a communication system A system and method for transmitting/receiving a multicast/broadcast signal in a communication system are provided, in which if the communication system includes at least one zone to which the same service is provided and the zone includes at least one ASN_GW and at least one BS connected to the ASN_GW, the ASN_GW generates a second multicast/broadcast signal using a received first multicast/broadcast signal according to information about the zone, generates time information indicating a time when the BS is to transmit the second multicast/broadcast signal, and transmits the second multicast/broadcast signal and the time information to the BS.
US08194565B2	Service level agreements based on objective voice quality testing for voice over IP (VOIP) networks An objective, service-level specific voice call listening quality test scheme for a Voice Over IP (VOIP) network is presented. Test probes are deployed along the border of the VOIP network. Each test probe is capable of placing calls over the VOIP network to the other test probes at different levels of service and measuring call quality using an objective measurement algorithm such as PAMS or PSQM. The measurement results are collected on an ongoing basis to obtain information on the VOIP network's voice call quality. The information is compared to thresholds to measure performance against Service Level Agreement guarantees.
US08194563B2	Closed-loop rate control for a MIMO communication system In a MIMO system, rate control is achieved with an inner loop that selects rates for data streams sent via a MIMO channel and an outer loop that regulates the operation of the inner loop. For the inner loop, SNR estimates are obtained for each data stream based on received pilot symbols and/or received data symbols. An effective SNR is derived for each data stream based on the SNR estimates, a diversity order, a MIMO backoff factor, and an outer loop backoff factor for the data stream. The rates are then selected for the data streams based on the effective SNRs for the data streams. The outer loop adjusts the outer loop backoff factor for each data stream based on the performance (e.g., packet errors and/or decoder metrics) for the data stream.
US08194560B2	Access point identifier configuration procedure In an access point identifier configuration scheme, different procedures are used for configuring (e.g., updating) different types of access points. For example, the criteria used to determine which identifiers are to be assigned to mobile access points may be different than the criteria used to determine which identifiers are to be assigned to stationary access points.
US08194556B2	Latency-aware adaptive bandwidth request mechanism for real-time communication in WiMAX A method and apparatus for requesting bandwidth in a subscriber station is disclosed. The method dynamically changes the size of the bandwidth request based on the prediction of the number of packets needed to be transmitted. The average delay experienced by packets in a queue is measured, and this information is then used to change the coefficient of a prediction equation. When the experienced average delay is below the agreed upon QoS latency parameter or delay target, the method reduces the size of the bandwidth requests by making the prediction equation more conservative. On the other hand, when the experienced delay is above the agreed upon latency, the algorithm will make the prediction equation more aggressive, increasing the bandwidth requests and reducing the latency for future packets. By modifying the prediction equation based on the measured delay, the method is able to select the optimal point for achieving time delay requirements while preserving air-link resources.
US08194551B2	Methods and apparatus for network controlled mobile IP flow movement Methods and apparatus for network controlled mobile IP flow movement. An infrastructure node, such as a home agent, signals a mapping between care-of-addresses (CoAs) and flows to be transmitted from a mobile device in uplink communications. The CoA associated with each flow is determined from network, device, and/or flow information. A mobile node or mobile gateway receives the mapping and updates its local policy information. When a selected flow is to be transmitted in an uplink transmission, the local policy information is used to determine the CoA associated with the selected flow. The CoA is then used to determine an access network (or access path) on which the uplink transmission of the selected flow is to occur.
US08194542B2	Method and equipment for performing flow shaping that maintains service quality in packet-switched telecommunications The invention relates to a method and equipment for performing flow shaping that maintains service quality in packet-switched telecommunications. Using the method according to the invention, the speed properties (OR, PIR, CBS) of an aggregate flow (A) can be monitored and limited in a situation, in which the aggregate flow contains delay-critical traffic (V1), the forwarding of packets representing which cannot be delayed. The invention is based on the fact that, when forwarding packets representing the aggregate flow, a variable is updated, the value of which expresses the earliest permitted moment, at which a packet, representing traffic (V2) other than the delay-critical traffic, can be forwarded. In that case, the transfer speed of the traffic (V2) other than delay-critical traffic adapts to the variations in the transfer speed of the delay-critical traffic, allowing the speed properties of the aggregate flow to be monitored and limited.
US08194539B2	System and method for monitoring congestion in communication systems A system and method for monitoring congestion in a communication system including an external packet switched network. The communication system includes a plurality of interconnected host devices, such as base stations, consoles, zone controllers. To determine the presence of congestion on links between a pair of host devices, a series of sequential packets are transmitted between the pair. The sequentially transmitted packets are then monitor fluctuations in transmission delays and lost packets. These two criteria are used to identify congestion levels present on the various links in the communication system, and communications on the relevant interzone link are controlled based on the identified congestion level.
US08194534B2	Blade server system with at least one rack-switch having multiple switches interconnected and configured for management and operation as a single virtual switch Described is a rack-switch including a rack and a plurality of blade server chassis within the rack. Each blade server chassis has a plurality of server blades in communication with at least one switch. Each switch includes a plurality of external ports. At least two of the external ports of each switch are inter-switch link (ISL) ports. The rack-switch also includes a plurality of inter-switch links. Each inter-switch link electrically connects one ISL port of one of the switches to one ISL port of another of the switches. The plurality of inter-switch links interconnects the switches such that the switches are daisy chained in a loop. The inter-switch links convey Ethernet packets representing server-to-server communications between server blades of different blade server chassis.
US08194530B2	Dual packet configuration for wireless communications A dual packet configuration for wireless communications including a first portion that is modulated according to a serial modulation and a second portion that is modulated according to a parallel modulation. The serial modulation may be DSSS whereas the parallel modulation may be OFDM. The first portion may include a header, which may further include an OFDM mode bit and a length field indicating the duration the second portion. The first portion may be in accordance with 802.11b to enable dual mode devices to coexist and communicate in the same area as standard 802.11b devices. The dual mode devices can communicate at different or higher data rates without interruption from the 802.11b devices. The packet configuration may include an OFDM signal symbol which further includes a data rate section and a data count section. In this manner, data rates the same as or similar to the 802.11a data rates may be specified between dual mode devices. The first and second portions may be based on the same or different clock fundamentals. For OFDM, the number of subcarriers, pilot tones and guard interval samples may be modified independently or in combination to achieve various embodiments. Also, data subcarriers may be discarded and replaced with pilot tones for transmission. The receiver regenerates the discarded data based on received data, such as using ECC techniques.
US08194525B2	Information storage medium, information read/write device, coordination system, control program for the device or system, and computer-readable storage medium There are provided at least a first information storage area 20A and a second information storage area 40A. The first information storage area 20A contains, in advance, an OS or mpeg data. The second information storage area 40A is either write-once or rewriteable and available for writing OS update information or movie correction information. The configuration enables easy backup and restoration of software, content, and various information including update information for use by the software and content with reduced user time and workload.
US08194522B2	Aspheric lens and optical pickup including the same An aspheric lens includes at least one aspheric lens surface, and an angle of inclination on the aspheric lens surface is smaller than or equal to 65°. The aspheric lens surface is given by the equation Z ⁡ ( r ) = cr 2 1 + 1 - ( 1 + K ) ⁢ c 2 ⁢ r 2 + Lr 2 + Ar 4 + Br 6 + Cr 8 + Dr 10 + Er 12 + Fr 14 + Gr 16 + Hr 18 + Jr 20 where L≠0, c is a curvature, r2=x2+y2, K is a conic integer, and L and A through J are aspheric coefficients.
US08194520B2	Disc structure for bit-wise holographic storage An optical disc for micro-holographic data storage, including: optically-enabled material configured to store holographic data; guide grooves; a first coating disposed on the guide grooves and configured to reflect a tracking beam and to transmit a read or record beam; and a second coating disposed to cover the guide grooves and disposed on the first coating.
US08194505B2	Time display control device, navigation device, method for controlling time displayed, and program A self-position detecting unit detects a self-position. A time calculating unit calculates a time of a time zone where the self-position detected using the self-position detection unit exists. A time display unit displays the time calculated using the time calculating unit. A display control unit causes the time display unit to display time of the first time zone where the self-position exists continually in an area in a second time zone, which is adjacent to the first time zone, when determining that the self-position moves into the second time zone. The area has a predetermined width from a boundary between the first time zone and the second time zone. The display control unit further causes the time display unit to display time of the second time zone when determining that the self-position moves beyond the area.
US08194502B1	Variable directivity loud hailing device A system and method for varying the directionality of an acoustic output of a loud hailing and warning device is disclosed. The method includes the operation of placing a sliding high-pass filter in a signal path of a transducer array having a frequency-dependant dispersion characteristic. A control is provided that varies a lower cutoff frequency of the sliding high-pass filter. The lower cutoff frequency of an electronic audio signal is variably controlled and sent to the transducer array to variably control the directionality of the acoustic output of the loud hailing and warning device.
US08194487B2	Refreshing data of memory cells with electrically floating body transistors A semiconductor device along with circuits including the same and methods of operating the same are described. The device comprises a memory cell including one transistor. The transistor comprises a gate, an electrically floating body region, and a source region and a drain region adjacent the body region. Data stored in memory cells of the device can be refreshed within a single clock cycle.
US08194484B2	Circuit precharging DRAM bit line A bit line pre-charge circuit for a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) uses a charge sharing scheme. The pre-charge circuit includes switching elements disposed between a power voltage node and an output node, capacitors connected between intermediate nodes and ground. The switching elements being operated by successively activated control signals to effectively charge a bit line pair to one half a power voltage using charge sharing between the capacitors.
US08194480B2	Method for initializing memory device A method for initializing a memory device is provided. The method includes a step for transmitting at least N+1 clock cycles to the memory device, wherein the N is an amount of bits of output serial data of the memory device. During a clock cycle of the at least N+1 clock cycles, a first start/stop signal is transmitted to the memory device. During another clock cycle of the at least N+1 clock cycles, a second start/stop signal is transmitted to the memory device.
US08194478B2	Systems and methods for writing to multiple port memory circuits A multiple-port RAM circuit has a data-in line coupled to multiple bit lines and multiple bit line bars. The circuit also has multiple word lines. A memory cell is coupled to the bit lines, bit line bars, and word lines. The circuit further includes a controller than enables the word lines to substantially simultaneously write a value from the bit lines to the memory cell.
US08194477B2	Subtraction circuits and digital-to-analog converters for semiconductor devices A memory device that, in certain embodiments, includes a plurality of memory elements connected to a bit-line and a delta-sigma modulator with a digital output and an analog input, which may be connected to the bit-line. In some embodiments, the delta-sigma modulator includes a circuit with first and second inputs and an output. The circuit is configured to combined (add or subtract) input signals. The first input may be connected to the analog input. The delta-sigma modulator may also include an integrator connected to the output of the circuit, an analog-to-digital converter with an input connected to an output of the integrator and an output connected to the digital output, and a digital-to-analog converter with an input connected to the output of the analog-to-digital converter and an output connected to the second input of the circuit.
US08194475B2	Capacitive divider sensing of memory cells The present disclosure includes devices and methods for sensing resistance variable memory cells. One device embodiment includes at least one resistance variable memory cell, and a capacitive divider configured to generate multiple reference levels in association with the at least one resistance variable memory cell.
US08194473B2	Non-volatile semiconductor memory circuit A non-volatile semiconductor memory circuit includes a memory cell array, and a verification sense amplifier controller configured to control switching devices, which receive external input data, depending on a level of the input data such that distribution voltage is changed when controlling a write operation by comparing the input data with cell data written in the memory cell array so as to provide cell data.
US08194470B2	Methods of forming flash device with shared word lines Word lines of a NAND flash memory array are formed by concentric, rectangular shaped, closed loops that have a width of approximately half the minimum feature size of the patterning process used. The resulting circuits have word lines linked together so that peripheral circuits are shared. Separate erase blocks are established by shield plates.
US08194466B2	Charge pump operation in a non-volatile memory device A charge pump in a memory device is activated to produce a programming voltage prior to data loading during a programming operation. During an initial programming cycle, first and second load voltages are charged from the charge pump. The first load is removed from the charge pump during a verify operation. The first load voltage is subsequently recharged by charge sharing from the second load voltage so that the charge pump is not initially necessary for recharging the first load voltage.
US08194465B2	Non-volatile semiconductor storage device A non-volatile semiconductor storage device according to one aspect has a memory cell array, a first wiring, a second wiring, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to, at the time of the write operation, control the write operation in each of the memory strings such that a memory cell positioned closer to the second wiring is subject to the write operation earlier, and the write operation sequentially proceeds to farther memory cells. On the other hand, the control circuit is also configured to, at the time of the read operation, apply a higher voltage to gates of unselected memory cells as a selected memory cell is located at a region closer to the first wiring.
US08194463B2	Flash memory device and programming method thereof A programming method of a flash memory device having memory cells, and a flash memory device to perform the method, including programming selected memory cells according to loaded data, sensing states of the programmed memory cells and firstly latching the sensed states, and determining whether a program-inhibited memory cell among the selected memory cells has been programmed, with reference to the loaded data and the latched states, before determining whether the selected memory cells have been properly programmed.
US08194457B2	Soft program method and computer readable medium thereof A soft program method is provided for recovering memory cells of a memory array. In an embodiment, the method includes the following steps. Memory blocks of the memory array are soft programmed with first bias voltage. A selected memory unit within a selected memory block is then soft programmed with second bias voltage. Next, whether a judging criterion is met is determined. If not, the method is repeated from the step of soft programming with the second bias voltage; if so, whether the selected unit is a last memory unit is determined. If the selected unit is not the last memory unit, other memory unit is assigned as the selected memory unit and the method is repeated from the step of soft programming with the second bias voltage. When the selected unit is the last memory unit, the memory array is bit-by-bit soft programmed with a third bias voltage.
US08194455B2	Methods for programming nonvolatile memory devices Provided is a method for programming a nonvolatile memory device. The nonvolatile memory device includes a local word line to divide a memory cell string into a first area including a selected word line and a second area not including the selected word line. In the method, word lines of the first area are driven by a first pass voltage and word lines of the second area driven by a second pass voltage higher than the first pass voltage. A cell transistor corresponding to the local word line is turned off after the first pass voltage and the second pass voltage are applied. The selected word line is driven by a program voltage after the cell transistor is turned off.
US08194442B2	Apparatus and systems using phase change memories Apparatus and systems that use phase-change memory devices are provided. The phase-change memory devices may include multiple phase-change memory cells and a reset pulse generation circuit configured to output multiple sequential reset pulses. Each sequential reset pulse is output to a corresponding one of multiple reset lines. Multiple write driver circuits are coupled to corresponding phase change memory cells and to a corresponding one of the reset lines of the reset pulse generation circuit.
US08194428B2	Unified control of single and three-phase power converters Provided herein is are unified control methods and implementations for controlling single and three-phase power converters. In an exemplary embodiment, a unified controller is provided that can be used to control a three-phase three-wire Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), a three-phase four-wire VSI, a three-phase grid-connected power converter for current shaping, and a single-phase full bridge VSI.
US08194424B2	Automatic zero voltage switching mode controller A switching DC to AC power converter includes an automatic zero voltage switching (ZVS) mode controller. The automatic zero voltage switching mode controller may adjust a ZVS dead-time in accordance with a range of load currents being supplied by the power converter that range from quiescent conditions to a predetermined loading level of the power converter. The variable ZVS dead-time may be larger nearer to quiescent conditions, and become progressively smaller as load currents increase. Outside a predetermined range of load currents, the variable ZVS dead-time may be disabled or minimized.
US08194414B2	Sensor device for occupant protection system A sensor device includes a communication line having a high-level line and a low-level line, and printed wiring layers. The printed wiring layers are connected to the communication line so as to have a differential communication with an electronic control unit of an occupant protection system. First and second layers are ungrounded, and have a low-level conduction pattern connected to the low-level line and a circuit element having a standard corresponding to the low-level line. Third printed wiring layer is arranged between the first and second layers through insulations, and has a high-level conduction pattern connected to the high-level line.
US08194412B2	Printed circuit board A printed circuit board includes a signal plane and a reference plane. The signal plane includes a pad, a passive element mounted on the pad, and a signal transmission line electrically connected to the passive element via the pad. The reference plane provides a return path for a signal transmitted through the passive element and the signal transmission line. A void is defined in the reference plane corresponding to the passive element, to increase a length of the return path. A length of a first axis, perpendicular to the signal transmission line, of the void satisfies a following equation: W 1 ≈ 8 ⁢ Wpad + 10 ⁢ T 0.8 ⁢ Wtrace + T , wherein Wpad is a width of the pad, Wtrace is a width of the transmission line, T is the height of the pad.
US08194411B2	Electronic package with stacked modules with channels passing through metal layers of the modules One aspect of the present invention provides an electronic package, comprising at least a first module and a second module arranged on top of the first module, the modules together in the form of a module stack, wherein the first and second modules are adhesively connected together, each module includes a substrate layer having at least one metal layer, at least one die and a plastic(s) package molding compound layer molded over said die or dice, in each module the die or dice are bonded on said substrate layer via the metal layer, a plurality of channels formed generally vertically acting as vias to connect the metal layers and arranged adjacent to the die or dice in at least one of the modules, some or all the channels provided with an inner surface coated with a conductive material layer or filled with a conductive material for electrical connection whereby the dice are electrically connected together, and means serving as an intermediary for providing electrical, mechanical and thermal connectivity, communication externally and connected to the channels.
US08194407B2	Heat radiation material, electronic device and method of manufacturing electronic device The electronic device includes a heat generator 54, a heat radiator 58, and a heat radiation material 56 disposed between the heat generator 54 and the heat radiator 58 and including a plurality of linear structures 12 of carbon atoms and a filling layer 14 formed of a thermoplastic resin and disposed between the plurality of linear structures 12.
US08194406B2	Apparatus and method with forced coolant vapor movement for facilitating two-phase cooling of an electronic device Apparatus and method are provided for two-phase dielectric cooling of an electronic device. The apparatus includes a coolant flow path, a vapor condenser and one or more vapor fans. The coolant flow path is in fluid communication with the electronic device, where liquid dielectric coolant within the flow path vaporizes upon contacting the electronic device, forming dielectric coolant vapor, and thereby facilitating cooling of the electronic device. The vapor condenser is also in fluid communication with the coolant flow path and facilitates condensate formation from the dielectric coolant vapor. The one or more vapor fans are disposed within the flow path to actively move dielectric coolant vapor into contact with the vapor condenser, and thereby enhance cooling of the electronic device by facilitating coolant condensate formation and thus recirculation of the coolant condensate as liquid dielectric coolant.
US08194397B2	Computer case and adapter module thereof A computer case includes a housing, a fixing bracket and an adapter module. The fixing bracket is fixed in the housing. The adapter module is detachably fixed in the fixing bracket. The adapter module includes a shell and a rear plate fixed to an end of the shell. The shell defines a receiving portion to receive a slim drive. The rear plate includes a first jack received in a port of the slim disc drive.
US08194392B2	Ceramic material and electronic device A ceramic material has a perovskite structure and is represented by formula of (1−x)ABO3-xYZO3. In the formula, “x” is a real number that is greater than 0 and is less than 1 each of “A,” “B,” “Y,” and “Z” is one or more kinds selected from a plurality of metal ions M other than a Pb ion and alkali metal ions, “A” is bivalent, “B” is tetravalent, “Y” is trivalent or combination of trivalent metal ions, and “Z” is bivalent and/or trivalent metal ions, or a bivalent and/or pentavalent metal ions.
US08194389B2	Multilayer chip capacitor including two terminals A multilayer chip capacitor includes a capacitor body including first and second longer side surfaces facing each other and first and second shorter side surfaces facing each other, first and second external electrodes respectively disposed at the first and second longer side surfaces, one or more first internal electrode pairs each including first and second internal electrodes, and one or more second internal electrode pairs each including third and fourth internal electrodes. The first to fourth internal electrodes each have one lead and are sequentially disposed in a stacked direction. The first to fourth internal electrodes have first to fourth leads respectively extending to first to fourth corners or portions adjacent thereto, and alternately connected with the first and second external electrodes. The first internal electrode pair and the second internal electrode pair cause a current to diagonally flow in opposite directions with respect to a long side direction.
US08194387B2	Electrostrictive resonance suppression for tunable capacitors A multi-layered capacitor includes three or more capacitor layers. A first layer includes a first DC-biased, tunable capacitor. A second layer, acoustically coupled to the first layer, includes a second DC-biased, tunable capacitor. A third layer, acoustically coupled to the second layer, includes a third DC-biased, tunable capacitor. Each dielectric of the first, second, and third capacitors has a resonance of about the same frequency, within 5%, and inner electrodes of the first, second, and third capacitors have a resonance of about the same frequency, within 5%. The resonance of each layer is a function of at least thickness, density, and material. The first, second, and third layers are biased to generate destructive acoustic interference, and the multi-layer capacitor is operable at frequencies greater than 0.1 GHz.
US08194382B2	Method and apparatus for driving a switch A method of driving a switch having a movable member and a contact first applies (to the switch) a first signal having a first level, and then applies a second signal having a second level to the switch (after applying the first signal). The first level is greater than the second level. One or both of the first and second signals cause the movable member to move to electrically connect with the contact.
US08194381B2	Electrical ground transient eliminator assembly An electrical ground transient eliminator assembly for attenuating high frequency transients and protecting a continuous attenuator circuit of the assembly from overheating due to excessive transients generated on an electrical load is provided. The electrical ground transient eliminator assembly includes a continuous attenuator circuit, which is electrically coupled in parallel to a relay. The assembly includes three lead wires, which are interconnectable to an earth ground line, a neutral line and a load ground of a system that has an electrical load coupled to external AC power lines.
US08194380B2	Endoscope apparatus A scope unit 2 including a control unit 3 and an insertion portion 4 is attached to a main unit 1 via a scope connector 5. An optical adaptor 8 is attached to a tip of the insertion portion 4. The CCD 31, HICs 32, 33, and the thermistor 34 are attached to the tip of the insertion portion 4. A liquid crystal module 36 is attached to the optical adaptor 8. A barrier circuit 64 limits energy supplied to these components in a circuit disposed in the scope unit 2. By disposing the barrier circuit 64 in the scope connector 5, the portion extending from the barrier circuit 64 to, i.e., the control unit 3, the insertion portion 4, and the optical adaptor 8 are of the explosion-proof construction. Thus, these can be used in a hazardous explosive location. Thus, an endoscope apparatus that can be used in combustible gas or dust can be provided.
US08194379B2	Inrush current control system with soft start circuit and method A method of and system for controlling the inrush current generated in a MOSFET of an inrush current control system, wherein the MOSFET includes a source, gate and drain. The dV/dt at the drain of the MOSFET is controlled so as to set the inrush current level as a function of dV/dt, independent of current limit without requiring a separate capacitor connected between the gate and drain of the MOSFET so that the MOSFET can turn on and off more quickly.
US08194378B2	Line commutation type fault current limiter A line commutation type fault current limiter which can reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs, carry out line commutation by operating a cutoff switch by fault current energy, respond rapidly to a fault, be immediately restored to an original state, and perform either an active or a passive operation. The line commutation type fault current limiter includes a coupled inductor having a primary side connected to a main circuit and a secondary side matched with the primary side, a Zener diode switch electrically connected to the secondary side of the coupled inductor, a line commutation switch connected to the Zener diode switch as well as the primary side of the coupled inductor to form a bypass path in parallel with the primary side of the coupled inductor and to cut off the main circuit, when the Zener diode switch is turned on, and a current limiting unit electrically connected in parallel with the line commutation switch to limit a current flowing into the main circuit.
US08194371B2	Integrated circuit protection device A semiconductor device is provided. In an embodiment, the semiconductor device includes an inverter. The inverter is coupled to an NMOS device. The NMOS device may be protection device which protects the inverter from charging effects and/or plasma induced damage. The NMOS device may be coupled to a power source (e.g., Vss). The NMOS device may be further coupled to a capacitor. The charge of the capacitor may discharge a current through the NMOS device to the power source.
US08194363B2	Thin film magnetic head provided with dual synthetic free layers A thin film magnetic head includes a first through fourth free layers, a spacer layer, and a bias magnetic field application layer. The first and second free layers are magnetized in opposite directions of each other in the orthogonal direction to the ABS when the bias magnetic field is applied to the first and second free layers, and are exchange-coupled such that an angle between the magnetization direction of the bias magnetic field and the first free layer is acute and such that an angle between the magnetization direction of the bias magnetic field and the second free layer is acute. Similarly, the third and fourth layers have the same configuration.
US08194362B2	Magnetoresistive effect device including a nitride underlayer, an antiferromagnetic layer, a first ferromagnetic layer, a nonmagnetic layer and a second ferromagnetic layer which are multilayered in this order on a substrate, magnetic head including the same magnetoresistive effect device, and information storage apparatus including the same magnetic head A magnetoresistive effect device includes an underlayer, an antiferromagnetic layer, a first ferromagnetic layer, a nonmagnetic layer, and a second ferromagnetic layer which are multilayered in this order on a substrate. The underlayer is formed of a metal nitride, and the antiferromagnetic layer is formed of an antiferromagnetic material including Ir and Mn.
US08194345B2	Method and apparatus for dampening and filtering air flow effects in a hard disk drive A hard disk drive is disclosed including at least one air filter mounted on a shroud wall of the base and at least two disk dampers where at least one disk damper covers a fraction of the maximal covering angle configured with the air filter to optimize both the air filter and disk dampening. Methods of manufacturing the hard disk drive are also disclosed.
US08194344B1	Position gain calibration in disk drives A system including a read channel module, a signal generating module, and a position module. The read channel module is configured to read, using a head of the disk drive, servo bursts from a servo region of a track of a disk drive. The signal generating module is configured to generate signals based on a position of the head relative to the servo bursts. The position module configured to generate a first difference and a second difference based on the signals, and determine the position of the head relative to the track based on (i) the first difference and (ii) the second difference.
US08194340B1	Disk drive framing write data with in-line mapping data during write operations A disk drive is disclosed comprising a head actuated over a disk having a plurality of tracks, wherein each track comprises a plurality of data sectors each assigned a physical block address (PBA). A first write command is received identifying a number of logical block addresses (LBAs) and write data. A header identifier is written to a first data sector that identifies a beginning of the first write command. The write data is written to a plurality of the data sectors and after writing the write data, a footer identifier is written to a second data sector that identifies the end of the first write command. The LBAs are written to at least one of the first data sector and the second data sector.
US08194337B2	Dynamic alternating panel reflector apparatus Skins for light reflecting umbrellas and for methods of using light reflecting umbrellas. The invention includes skins with a series of panels in stripes of alternating colors, in a shifted configuration, in a checkered shift configuration, in a half and half configuration, in a modified half and half configuration with a center portion having a separate color combination, in a tricolor configuration, in a shifted tricolor configuration and in a center black configuration.
US08194336B2	Lens driving device A lens driving device has a carrier, a coil, an upper spring, a lower spring, a yoke, a magnet, and a lower member. The carrier is cylindrical and has a hollow part along a vertical direction so that a lens can be carried. The coil is fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the carrier. The upper spring is arranged over the carrier, and fixed to the yoke. The lower spring is arranged below the carrier. The yoke is formed into a box shape having a side wall and an opening on the lower side, and arranged around the carrier. The magnet is arranged in the yoke so as to be opposed to the coil. The lower member is arranged below the yoke. The lower member has a projection part connected to the yoke. The projection part is inserted between an inner surface of the side wall of the yoke and an outer surface of the magnet and connected to the yoke. Thus, the yoke and the lower member can be connected such that space for the magnet to be arranged in the yoke is less affected.
US08194333B2	Imaging lens and imaging device using the same The present invention provides an imaging lens composed of four lenses that can be made compact (downsized, thinned), allows a reduction in cost and is compatible with a high pixel imaging element having a megapixel or more incorporated in a small mobile product such as a mobile phone. The imaging lens 7 includes, in order from the object side to the image surface side: an aperture stop 5; a first lens 1 having positive power; a second lens 2 composed of a meniscus lens having negative power whose lens surface facing the image surface side is concave; a third lens 3 composed of a meniscus lens having positive power whose lens surface facing the image surface side is convex, and a fourth lens 4 having negative power whose lens surfaces are both aspheric and lens surface facing the image surface side is concave in the vicinity of the optical axis. A diffractive optical element is formed on one of the lens surfaces of the first lens 1 or one of the lens surfaces of the second lens 2.
US08194331B2	Lens for concentration photovoltaic module A lens device includes a base, groups of prism-like elements formed on the base and at least two alignment points formed on the base. Each of the groups and a related portion of the base form a lens. Each of the prism-like elements comprises an incidence surface in the form of a camber. The alignment points are used for alignment of a laser device with the lens device.
US08194326B2	Optical device, method of producing the device and optoelectronic component comprising the device An optical device having a specific form is provided that includes a resin molding compound having an adhesion-reducing, chemically modified surface layer.
US08194324B2	Fresnel lenses A solar concentrator comprises a curved linear Fresnel lens (16) which has a plurality of prismatic features (10, 12, 14). The prismatic features are arranged into at least two segments, in each segment the prismatic features have a common apex angle, the common apex angle differing between adjacent segments. A method of manufacturing a mold (2) for producing a Fresnel lens optical film (16) is disclosed. The method comprises rotating a mold blank, and forming a plurality of different prismatic features (10, 12, 14) on the mold blank by repeatedly advancing a cutting tool (4) onto and then withdrawing the tool away from the surface of the mold blank.
US08194321B2	Photographing lens and camera A small shooting lens has high optical performance and is suitable for mass production. To attain this, the shooting lens includes at least three lens groups disposed in order from an object side, wherein an adhesion multiple-layer diffractive optical element is formed on one of surfaces disposed between an object surface and an imaging plane, and a maximum image height Y and an entire length L satisfy 0.1
US08194316B2	Three-dimensional image display apparatus It is aimed to reduce the occurrence of crosstalk attributable to the thermal expansion/contraction of a retarder and an image display section, and the unevenness in color attributable to the uneven surfaces of the retarder and the image display section. It is also aimed to reduce the misalignment of the retarder with respect to the image display section. The exit surface of an image display section 130 and the entrance surface of a retarder 180 are adhered to each other by using an adhesion layer 300. Additionally, the left and right edges of the image display section 130 are adhered to the left and right edges of the retarder 180 by using adhesion regions 400. Here, the adhesion regions 400 have a higher glass transition temperature than the adhesion layer 300.
US08194310B1	All fiber pulse generator for pumping a non-linear converter An all fiber mid-IR pulse generator is disclosed that may be used to drive an external non-linear converter. The generator comprises fiber laser oscillator and fiber amplifier elements wherein diode lasers are used to cladding pump the different fiber elements depending on different configurations of the pulse generator. Gain switching of the fiber lasers precludes the need for discrete devices such as Q-switches to generate pulses. The fiber laser and fiber amplifier elements are all fused together, along with fiber isolators and reflective gratings, so there is no free space coupling, and there are no optical elements except as may be needed to couple the output of the generator to a non-linear converter. The all fiber implementation has a single transverse mode at the lowest order mode of operation which results in a nearly diffraction limited output which causes non-linear converters to operate more efficiently. To further increase the efficiency of the non-linear converters the fiber laser oscillator has Bragg gratings with a narrow spectral bandwidth of less than 0.5 nanometers.
US08194301B2	Multi-spot scanning system and method A multi-spot scanning technique using a spot array having a predetermined gap between spots can advantageously provide scalability to a large number of spots as well as the elimination of cross-talk between channels. The multi-spot scanning technique can select a number of spots for the spot array (1D or 2D), determine a separation between the spots to minimize crosstalk, and perform a scan on a wafer using the spot array and a full field of view (FOV). Performing the scan includes performing a plurality of scan line cycles, wherein each scan line cycle can fill in gaps left by previous scan line cycles. This “delay and fill” scan allows large spacing between spots, thereby eliminating cross-talk at the detector plane. In one embodiment, the scan is begun and ended outside a desired scan area on the wafer to ensure full scan coverage.
US08194294B2	Image reading device and image forming device The present invention is aimed at providing an image reading device that suppresses generation of a so-called edge shadow while suppressing uneven intensity of light emitted onto an original. A color copy machine 1 includes an illumination portion 347a that irradiates an original G with light. The illumination portion 347a includes a plurality of LEDs 501 disposed at predetermined intervals in a main scanning direction, an elliptical diffuser plate 507 that is disposed between the plurality of LEDs 501 and the original G and causes the light emitted by the plurality of LEDs 501 to diffuse, and a second reflection mirror 541B that reflects light, which is a portion of the light diffused by the elliptical diffuser plate 507 and not directly irradiated onto the original G, so as to irradiate the light onto the original G.
US08194292B2	Imaging apparatus having an LCD document glass An imaging apparatus includes an image capturing system, and a controller communicatively coupled to the image capturing system. A scanner body has a scanner opening. The image capturing system is located adjacent the scanner opening. An LCD document glass is adjacent to the scanner opening. The LCD document glass is communicatively coupled to the controller. The LCD document glass is controlled to be in a transparent state wherein the LCD document glass is clear and a translucent state wherein the LCD document glass is darkened.
US08194276B2	Data processing apparatus, control method therefor, and program Print setting is executed using, as print setting items associated with printing, a setting item on the paper type of printing paper used for printing and a setting item which designates whether to execute manual duplex printing. When execution of manual duplex printing is set, the print page order of a target of manual duplex printing is controlled in accordance with the set paper type. A print command to the target of manual duplex printing is output to a printing apparatus on the basis of the controlled print page order.
US08194274B2	Apparatus and method for automated capture of document metadata and document imaging The present invention provides for automated capture of metadata associated with paper-based documents. A “reservation” for the metadata and a digital image of the paper-based document is created whenever a digital image of a paper-based document is to be associated with a computer record. The relevant metadata is automatically captured from a computer screen and is then stored in a previously created database record associated with the reservation. The metadata can also be associated with a later-captured digital image of the paper-based document by placing a label on the paper-based document. The label contains identifying information for the reservation and this information becomes embedded in the digital image of the paper-based document, which is subsequently created by scanning the paper-based document and label. The subsequently created digital image can then be related to the appropriate metadata by extracting the reservation identification information from the label embedded in the digital image.
US08194270B2	Printing control method and printing system An object of the present invention is to provide a printing control method and a printing controller which are capable of performing high-quality printing in a short period of time, and which are capable of reducing human error. To achieve this end, the printing control method is used to control a printing system, which is equipped with a server to store printing data which contains platemaking data and related information, a printing machine equipped with a plurality of printing presses, a terminal unit for acquiring the printing image data and outputting command information to the printing machine, detectors for detecting a state of a printed page, and controllers for controlling the printing presses based on the printing data and detection information. In a pre-printing step, the operating conditions of the printing machine are loaded from the server, a supply of ink is preset based on the printing data, one of a plurality of sets of data for selection is selected as printing data, platemaking data is displayed on a display unit, and the state of arrival of the platemaking plate data to the terminal unit and the data that arrived are confirmed. In a printing step, feedback control employing the detection information is performed based on the data sent from the terminal unit.
US08194267B2	Image forming apparatus and method of the same When a sheet P is jammed after start of a print job, it is determined whether an automatic resumption mode for automatically resuming the print job is set. When a determination result of this determination is affirmative, the print job is resumed after the jam is released. When the determination result is negative, the print job is stopped.
US08194265B2	Method of authenticating content provided to image forming apparatus and image forming apparatus to perform the method A method of authenticating at least one piece of content provided to an image forming apparatus in which at least one consumable is disposed includes determining whether the at least one consumable includes authentication information of the at least one piece of content, displaying the at least one piece of content on a user interface according to a license policy corresponding to the authentication information, selecting at least one piece of content from the at least one piece of content displayed on the user interface, and executing the selected at least one piece of content.
US08194260B2	Data processing method in network system connected with image processing apparatus When an ID card (41, 81) including user ID stored therein is set in an image processing apparatus (1, 71), the user ID is read out of the IC card. Upon depression of a key instructing individual setting, ID information including the user ID and apparatus ID is transmitted to a computer terminal (3; 3-1, 3-2) which stores a plurality of user ID's and setting information corresponding to the apparatus. Responding to the ID information transmitted, the computer terminal transmits individual setting information stored therein for each user back to the image processing apparatus, whereupon the apparatus stores the individual setting information in a memory and realizes the individual setting for each user, which corresponds to the set user ID, in a control panel (8) of the apparatus.
US08194259B2	Information processing apparatus, information processing method and computer-readable recording medium An information processing apparatus is connected to a client apparatus and an image forming apparatus, the information processing apparatus including a large capacity memory device; a common interface device; a reception part compatible with the common interface device; and a transmission part compatible with the common interface device, wherein the reception part receives data for an image forming request from the client apparatus via the common interface device and stores the data on the large capacity memory device, and the transmission part transmits the data for the image forming request stored on the large capacity memory device to the image forming apparatus via the common interface device.
US08194254B2	Print device preconditioning Various embodiments relating to preconditioning of a print device are disclosed.
US08194253B2	Fiber optic sensor head and interferometric measuring system A fiber optic sensor head for detecting the shape or the distance of a test object has an optical fiber, in particular a glass fiber, for conducting and returning partial beams to and from the test object, and an injection/extraction lens on the test object side. For conducting partial beams, injected on the sensor head side and having an optical path length difference, to the test object and returning partial beams injected on the test object side without an optical path length difference, a Fizeau interferometer having a nondiscrete design is associated with the optical fiber and compensates for the optical path length difference between the partial beams.
US08194250B2	Wideband RF detection The present invention relates to a method of wideband RF detection. The method may include transmitting a signal from a plurality of transmit positions along a drive path. Reflections of the transmitted signal are received at a plurality of receive positions along the drive path. A signature is formed based on arrival angles of the reflections at each of the receive positions. The signature includes the arrival angles of the reflections at each of the receive positions with respect to a distance along the drive path of a corresponding transmit position and a corresponding receive position of each of the reflections.
US08194245B2	Method for on-line measurement in simulated moving bed units and application to control and regulation of said units The present invention describes a method for measuring the concentrations of species present at one point of a separation unit functioning in simulated moving bed mode (SMB), using an immersing probe located at one point in the unit or on one of the streams entering or leaving said unit, and a thermocouple located in the vicinity of the immersing probe, in which a Raman spectrum obtained using a laser source functioning at a wavelength of 785 nm is utilized.
US08194242B2	Substrate distortion measurement A distortion measurement apparatus comprising a detector arranged to measure distortion of a substrate, and a processor arranged to receive distortion data indicating the measured distortion of the substrate and to transform the distortion data into a frequency domain representation. The distortion data may alternatively be transformed into an orthogonal polynomial or an orthonormal polynomial representation.
US08194238B1	Optical sensor component identification and interrogation system A system includes a microprocessor, storage device, test instrument, switching system, main switching system with subsidiary, switching systems and the sensors. The program that is executed by the microprocessor accesses the database stored on the storage device. The microprocessor accesses information in the database and directs the switching system to select the appropriate sensor. Once the switching system has selected the appropriate sensor, the microprocessor then tells the test instrument to send a signal to the sensor. The test instrument sends the signal and collects the measured data. The measured data is then sent to the microprocessor, where the measured data is analyzed and compared with the baseline data. The comparison between the measured data and the baseline data reveals any anomalies that are occurring over the length of the sensor. The microprocessor displays the anomalies and keys an alarm when the anomalies are detected.
US08194235B2	Sample analyzer The present invention is to present a sample analyzer, comprising: an imaging device for imaging a sample container which has translucency and contains a sample; a measuring device for aspirating the sample contained in the sample container and measuring the aspirated sample; a transporting device for transporting the sample container to a supply position for supplying the sample contained in the sample container to the measuring device; a sample volume obtainer for obtaining sample volume information relating to volume of the sample in the sample container, based on an image obtained by imaging the sample container by the imaging device; and a transport controller for controlling the transporting device to perform a transport operation in accordance with the sample volume information obtained by the sample volume obtainer.
US08194226B2	Device for cooling LCD panel and heat treatment apparatus having the same A heat treatment apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel through an in-situ process includes a body and a hardening unit, an annealing unit, and a transferring unit disposed on the body. The hardening unit heats a sealing member within a liquid crystal display panel to harden the sealing member. The annealing unit anneals liquid crystal within the liquid crystal display panel sealed by the sealing member. The transferring unit transfers the liquid crystal display panel between the hardening unit and the annealing unit. Therefore, the sealing member may be hardened and the liquid crystal may be sealed through an in-situ process to enhance productivity.
US08194224B2	Liquid crystal display device having particular conductive layers Techniques are provided for unifying steps of sealing material so that the yield and the reliability of a liquid-crystal display device become high. A starting film of scanning lines is patterned so that prismatic dummy wirings 301 for the first layer which are not electrically connected are formed in regions R1 and R2, and wirings 302 extending from the pixel section are formed in a region R3, and wirings 303 having connection end portions 303a are formed in a region R4. After an interlayer insulation film is formed, the starting film of the signal lines is patterned so that the dummy wirings 304 for the second layer are formed to embed the gaps between the wirings 301 to 303, and also the wirings 305 and the wirings 303 which extend from the pixel portion are connected to each other. This permits unification of the cross-sectional structure of the sealing material formation region.
US08194221B2	Liquid crystal display panel In a liquid crystal display panel, a pixel electrode includes at least a main electrode strip and a plurality of sub electrode branches. The sub electrode branches extend outwardly from two opposite edges of the main electrode strip. The main electrode strip includes at least a node-controlling portion, the controlling width of the node-controlling portion are different from a trunk width of the main electrode strip. Otherwise, a plurality of first sub electrode branches and a plurality of second sub electrode branches are extend outwardly from two opposite edges of the main electrode strip respectively. Relating to the position of the first sub electrode branches, the second sub electrode branches has a position-shift amount along the extending direction of the main electrode strip. The position-shift amount is smaller than the branch width of the first or second sub electrode branch.
US08194220B2	In-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device In an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal layer is interposed between a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate is provided with a first electrode member having a comb-tooth-like portion and a second electrode member so as to generate an electric field between the first electrode member and the second electrode member. Further, a protruded electrode member is provided so as to be branched from at least one of a portion short of a tip end portion and a portion short of a base portion of the comb-tooth-like portion so as to form a branched shape of an L-shaped portion in an integrated planar shape with combination of the protruded electrode member and one of the tip end portion and the base portion.
US08194216B2	Display substrate and liquid crystal display device having the same A display substrate includes an insulation substrate, an (n)-th gate line, a data line, first and second source electrodes, first and second drain electrodes, a pixel electrode, a third drain electrode, and a storage line. The first source electrode overlaps a first portion of the (n)-th gate line and is electrically connected to the data line. The first and second drain electrodes overlap a second portion of the (n)-th gate line. The pixel electrode is connected to the first drain electrode. The second source electrode overlaps a first portion of an (n+1)-th gate line, while the third drain electrode overlaps a second portion thereof. The storage line overlaps a portion of each of the pixel electrode and the second and third drain electrodes. The second source electrode is formed by extending the second drain electrode in a direction substantially from the (n)-th gate line towards the (n+1)-th gate line.
US08194212B2	Liquid crystal display device with quarter plates and birefringent layers and liquid crystal having substantially vertical alignments in black state The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that has a higher contrast ratio in a wide viewing angle and that can be easily produced at low cost. The present invention is a liquid crystal display device, including in the following order: a first polarizer; a first quarter-wavelength plate (nx>ny≧nz); a liquid crystal cell; a second quarter-wavelength plate having an Nz coefficient substantially the same as that of the first quarter-wavelength plate; a birefringent layer (II) (nx
US08194211B2	Transflective liquid crystal display unit A LCD unit includes a reflective area and a transmissive area in each pixel, which are driven by respective drive electrode assemblies. A first substrate and a second substrate that sandwich therebetween a LC layer include respective shied films in the boundary area between the reflective area and the transmissive area.
US08194210B2	Polarizing plate protective film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device A polarizing plate protective film is provided and has a transparent substrate that is insoluble in a solvent having a dielectric constant of 10 or more and provided with an easily-adhesive layer and a hard coating layer on at least one side thereof in this order.
US08194207B2	Backlight assembly, liquid crystal display having the same, and manufacturing method thereof A liquid crystal display (“LCD”) with a backlight assembly includes a liquid crystal (“LC”) panel displaying an image, a backlight assembly providing light to the LC panel, a middle frame disposed between the LC panel and the backlight assembly, and a top frame to complete the LCD assembly. The backlight assembly includes a plurality of light sources, an optical member, a bottom frame and a plurality of optical member supporters. The optical member supporters each support the optical member and are mutually spaced apart from each other to effectively dissipate heat and reduce the weight of the LCD.
US08194206B2	Planar light-emitting device and liquid crystal display apparatus A planar light-emitting device allowing for high luminance uniformity has a plurality of light-emitting units (4), each including a lightguide plate (3) having a light-exiting surface, an opposite surface opposite to the light-exiting surface, a peripheral side surface extending between the respective peripheral edges of the light-exiting surface and the opposite surface, and a light-entrance surface (3a) defined by a part of the peripheral side surface. Each light-emitting unit further includes a light source (2) adjacently disposed to face the light-entrance surface to emit light into the lightguide plate through the light-entrance surface. The light-emitting units are arranged in a plurality of mutually adjacent rows with the light-exiting surfaces (3a) of their respective lightguide plates being substantially flush with each other. Adjacent rows of the light-emitting units are displaced relative to each other in the direction of the rows.
US08194201B2	Display panel and liquid crystal display including the same The present invention relates to a display panel and a liquid crystal display including the same. The display panel includes a pixel electrode, which includes a first subpixel electrode, a second subpixel electrode, and a third subpixel electrode insulated from each other, a first thin film transistor connected to the first subpixel electrode, a second thin film transistor connected to the second subpixel electrode, a third thin film transistor connected to the third subpixel electrode, a gate line connected to the first, second, and third thin film transistors, a data line connected to the first, second, and third thin film transistors, and a voltage differentiating member to change voltages of the first, second, and third subpixel electrodes, the voltages of the first, second, and third subpixel electrodes being different from each other.
US08194196B2	Liquid crystal display device using a magnetic driving field and driving method thereof A liquid crystal display device and a fabricating method thereof for driving the liquid crystal display device using a magnetic field are disclosed. In the device and method, a current is applied to a first electrode in a first direction, and a current is applied to a second electrode in a second direction. A liquid crystal layer is driven with a magnetic field induced by the currents from the first and second electrodes modulating a light.
US08194193B2	Method and apparatus for a wide field of view display A method and apparatus for a uniform resolution display screen. In one embodiment, the uniform resolution display screen comprises a surface of the uniform resolution display screen having a curvature configured to display images with a uniform resolution across the display screen. The curvature is based on a projection distance from a projector to the uniform resolution display screen and a viewing distance from an eyepoint of an observer to the uniform resolution display screen. The geometry of the display screen is configured to display images associated with a high definition imaging format.
US08194181B2	Camera module capable of calibration A camera module includes a circuit board; a lens electrically connected to the circuit board; a adjusting base disposed on the circuit board and having at least two through-hole disposed adjacent to opposite sides of the lens; at least two fixed posts; at least two adjusting screw respectively passing through the through-holes of the adjusting base so as to be secured in the fixed posts; and at least two springs respectively encircling the adjusting screws, wherein two ends of each spring are positioned against the adjusting base and one of the fixed post respectively.
US08194169B2	Compound eye camera module and method of producing the same An optical filter array (2) having a plurality of optical filters (2a to 2d) and a light shielding block (6) having light shielding walls (61a to 61d) forming a plurality of openings (6a to 6d) independent from each other are placed between a lens module (7) integrally having a plurality of lenses (1a to 1d) arranged on a single plane and a plurality of imaging regions (4a to 4d). The light shielding block is provided with first sliding surfaces (66 to 69). The lens module is provided with second sliding surfaces (56 to 59) sliding on the first sliding surfaces so that the lens module can rotate with respect to the light shielding block with an axis normal to the plurality of imaging regions as a rotation center axis. Thus, a small, thin, and low-cost compound eye camera module can be realized.
US08194160B2	Image gradation processing apparatus and recording An image processing system includes a frequency decomposition unit adapted to decompose an image signal into a high frequency component and a low frequency component, a high frequency separation unit adapted to separate the high frequency component into an invalid component caused by noise and other valid component, a conversion characteristic calculation unit adapted to calculate a conversion characteristic on the basis of the low frequency component, a gradation processing unit adapted to perform a gradation processing on the low frequency component and the valid component on the basis of the calculated conversion characteristic, and a frequency synthesis unit adapted to generate an image signal on which a gradation conversion has been performed by synthesizing the low frequency component on which the gradation conversion has been performed, the valid component on which a gradation conversion has been performed and the invalid component.
US08194153B2	Imaging apparatus, imaging method and program In an imaging apparatus capable of selectively performing an imaging operation in normal imaging mode and that in composite imaging mode, auto exposure control is stopped after the auto exposure control for long-time exposure image signals and short-time exposure image signals is temporarily completed in composite imaging mode and if, after the auto exposure control is stopped, a predetermined brightness change in images is detected continuously for a predetermined time or longer based on brightness values detected from the images obtained from a composite image signal, the imaging mode of the imaging apparatus is switched from the composite imaging mode to the normal imaging mode.
US08194147B2	Image presentation angle adjustment method and camera device using the same An image presentation angle adjustment method is provided for a camera device to process images through the method. An image presentation angle assigning device module is integrated in the camera device. When the camera device captures a target image, the image presentation angle assigning device will automatically or through the operation of a user generate an image orientation parameter associated with the target image. Furthermore, the captured target image is stored in an image file within the image storage memory of the camera device associated with the image orientation parameter. Accordingly, when the target image is opened by the user for display, the target image will be displayed in the orientation indicated the image orientation parameter for viewing convenience.
US08194130B2	Monitoring camera device, dehumidifying device, dehumidifying method, and dehumidifying program A surveillance camera (1) comprises a camera housing (2), a dehumidifying element (3) provided in the camera housing (2), a current value detection unit (8) that detects the value of the drive current applied to the dehumidifying element (3), a target current value determination unit (10) that determines a target current value (It), on the basis of a first current value (I0) detected at the period start time (t0) of a predetermined current change judgment period and a second current value (I1) detected at the period end time (t1) of the period, and a voltage control unit (13) that controls the drive voltage applied to the dehumidifying element (3). The dehumidifying element (3) is driven at the target current value (It) until target time (t2) to remove a target dehumidification amount (S) from the camera housing (2) by the target time (t2). There is thus provided the surveillance camera (1) capable of quickly removing moisture when the humidity in the camera housing (2) is high.
US08194128B2	Surveillance device There is provided a surveillance device capable of transmitting an operation history of an appliance and image data while suppressing an increase in data transmission cost. A surveillance camera includes a control unit controlling an operation of the surveillance camera, a light receiving unit receiving an infrared signal transmitted from a remote controller, converting the infrared signal into an electric signal and sending the electric signal to the control unit, a storage unit storing image data, an image capturing unit performing an image capturing operation and sending an image signal generated by the image capturing operation to the storage unit, a time keeping unit generating time information concerning the surveillance camera and sending the information to the control unit, and a communication unit outputting data sent from the control unit to an external device.
US08194127B2	Method and apparatus for masking surveillance video images for privacy protection The present invention makes a privacy protection area set on a video frame always match a masking block for the privacy protection area, thereby preventing video images taken from the privacy protection area from being exposed. One embodiment of the invention sets a masking zone corresponding to a privacy protection area on a taken video frame, keeps examining if the set masking zone does not match the privacy protection area, and adjusts the position of the masking zone on the video frame if it is determined that the masking zone does not match the privacy protection area, thereby preventing video signals taken from the initially set privacy protection area from being outputted.
US08194123B2	Device and system for in vivo imaging The present invention provides a system and method for obtaining in vivo images. The system contains an imaging system and a transmitter for transmitting signals from a camera to a receiving system located outside a patient.
US08194121B2	Miniature camera head An electronic imaging device (27) includes an optical objective (28) for collecting optical radiation from an object, the objective having an optical axis, and an image sensor (24), including a matrix of optical detectors arranged in a plane that is substantially non-perpendicular to the optical axis, the image sensor having a lateral dimension in the plane. A turning mirror (38) has an optical surface that is positioned so as to reflect the radiation collected by the objective in order to form a focused image in the plane of the image sensor, while a maximum distance from the optical surface to the plane of the image sensor is substantially less than the lateral dimension of the image sensor.
US08194120B2	Image capturing apparatus, display apparatus, image capturing method, displaying method and program therefor It is possible to appropriately select an image important for a user than ever before among various images taken by an image capturing apparatus. An image capturing apparatus that records a plurality of captured images and an album information file for designating a display order making a display apparatus display at least one the captured image in a recording medium as files different from each other. The image capturing apparatus includes: an operation acquiring section that acquires an operation before or after a user of the image capturing apparatus takes the captured images; and an operation recording section that records operation information showing the operation in the album information file in order to displays the captured image with a level of importance according to the operation before or after capturing the captured image, in association with the captured image to be displayed on the display apparatus.
US08194118B2	Performance display system An Improved method and device for entertainment and the display of images incorporating the audience in a performance including the integration of independent,-mobile three-dimensional audience display elements. Improved methods for manufacturing an integrated visual display incorporating scanned light sources in the audience display elements.
US08194114B2	High definition video conference system The invention discloses a high definition video conference system comprising a plurality of transmitting terminals and a receiving terminal. Each transmitting terminal comprises a digital imaging/processing apparatus and a first data processing apparatus. The receiving terminal comprises a second data processing apparatus and at least one display apparatus. The digital imaging/processing apparatus is used for capturing an image of a participant and for compressing the captured image into a high definition image. According to a standard communication protocol, the first data processing apparatus converts the high definition image into a standard-format communication image and then transmits the standard-format communication image. The second data processing apparatus is used for receiving and decoding the standard-format image transmitted from each transmitting terminal into the high definition image. Accordingly, the high definition can be displayed on the display apparatus.
US08194106B2	Line head and image forming apparatus using the same A line head includes multiple light emitting element groups each including multiple light emitting elements. In each light emitting element group, the multiple light emitting elements are disposed in a two-dimensional arrangement so that a distance Gx is greater than a distance Gy. The light emitting element groups are arranged so that pitches Px are greater than pitches Py.
US08194103B2	Method and module for regulating luminance The invention relates to a method and a module for regulating luminance. In this method, a gray-level input signal is received and a power operation is performed on the gray-level input signal by a gamma parameter to obtain a first regulation scale. Then, the gray-level input signal is regulated according to the first regulation scale to obtain a gray-level output signal.
US08194100B2	Electronic device Electronic devices with more than one video output terminals and capable of providing distinct videos at different video output terminals. The electronic device comprises first and second display processors driving first and second video output terminals, respectively. The first display processor comprises a blender and a multiplexer. The blender blends a video with image signals, provides a fully-blended video for the first video output terminal, outputs the video, the partly-blended videos and the fully-blended video to the multiplexer. The second display processor is coupled between the output terminal of the multiplexer and the second video output terminal.
US08194098B2	Apparatus, method, and product for downscaling an image An average filter or filters is used in line with the output of an interpolation filter to downscale an image. The interpolation filter upscales a source image or bitmap of pixels into an intermediate form and the average filter or filters downscales the intermediate form to a destination image or bitmap of pixels. This configuration incorporates a small amount of logic with a relatively low incremental cost, enabling high quality downscaling of text and computer graphics content. The invention achieves quality comparable to a filter/scalar combination with more taps or a separate decimation pass.
US08194096B2	Image display apparatus An image display apparatus includes a display unit that displays images contained in a plurality of image groups inside a subject picked up by a plurality of imaging devices, and a control unit that extracts a related image related to a currently displayed image currently displayed in the display unit from the plurality of image groups to make the display unit display the related image extracted.
US08194095B2	Color image display device and color conversion device A color image display device is provided to reproduce colors determined by an input video signal in a color space of the display device while keeping a wide color reproducing region of the display device with natural hues. On the assumption that a color space is hypothetically considered so that an input signal is originally in hue in a first color range while an increasing saturation is reproduced with hues changed gradually to a widening direction of color reproduction in a second color range or more, the color converting portion 12 converts a video signal, so that an input video signal 10 is reproduced on a color image displaying portion 13 with a tristimulus value represented in this hypothetical color space, and the color image displaying portion 13 displays, and reproduces, a vivid video image without a feeling of wrongness by making use of a wide color reproduction range of the color image display device.
US08194083B2	Color computation of pixels using a plurality of vertex or fragment shader programs A plurality of vertex or fragment processors on a graphics processor perform computations. Each vertex or fragment processor is capable of executing a separate program to compute a specific result. A combiner manages the combination of the results from the respective processors, and produces a final transformed vertex or pixel value. The vertex or fragment processors and the combiner can be programmable to modify their operations. As such, the vertex or fragment processors can operate in a parallel or serial configuration, or both. The combiner manages and resolves the operations of the serial and/or parallel configurations. A synchronization barrier enables the combiner to perform data-dependency analysis to determine the timing and ordering of the respective processors' execution. A transformation module can include one or more programmable vertex processors that transforms three-dimensional geometric data into fragments. The fragment processors subsequently receive and compute a result for each fragment, which is combined using the combiner to produce the final pixel value.
US08194073B2	Image generation apparatus, image generation program, medium that records the program, and image generation method It is an object of the present invention to move a viewpoint position and a direction of a line of sight a player character with an intuitive operation method without requiring pre-study. In a case where a player touches a point within a movement determination region, a virtual 3D spatial image moved forward in the direction of the line of sight is displayed. In a case where a player touches a point at the left side outside the movement determination region, a virtual 3D spatial image as viewed by a virtual camera panned to the left is displayed, whereas in a case where a player touches a point at the right side, a virtual 3D spatial image as viewed by a virtual camera panned to the right is displayed. Furthermore, in a case where a player touches an upper point, a virtual 3D spatial image as viewed by a virtual camera tilted in the upper direction is displayed, whereas in a case where a player touches a lower point, a virtual 3D spatial image as viewed by a virtual camera tilted in the lower direction is displayed.
US08194072B2	Method for synthetically relighting images of objects An image of an object from a known object class is synthesized by first obtaining reflectance fields for various training objects from the object class. A reflectance field model is defined for the object class using a combination of the reflectance fields of the training objects. The parameters of the reflectance field model are optimized to estimate a particular reflectance field of a particular object from the object class given one or more input images of the particular object. The particular reflectance field is fitted to the particular object, and then the new image of the particular object is synthesized by changing the illumination parameters of the particular fitted reflectance field model after the fitting.
US08194071B2	Tile based graphics rendering A graphics system for tile-by-tile converting of vertex data into output images for displaying on a screen. The vertex data represents objects by a set of polygons and comprises 3D space coordinates for each vertex (q1, q2, . . . , q12) in the image. A polygon is constituted of at least three vertices (q1, q2, . . . , q12). The system comprises a tile processor, for subdividing the image into a plurality of tiles (t21, 22, t23) and for determining polygon strips (q1-q12), comprising a sequence of polygons. The tile processor is also operative to determine sub-strips (q3-q10) for each polygon strip (q1-q12). Each sub-strip (q3-q10) comprises those polygons of the polygon strip (q1-q12) which at least partly overlap a single one of the tiles (t21, 22, t23). For processing a tile (t21, 22, t23), only the sub-strips (q3-q10), i.e. the polygons covering that tile (t21, 22, t23), have to be processed.
US08194068B1	Hexahedral finite element mesh coarsening using pillowing technique A techniques for coarsening a hexahedral mesh is described. The technique includes identifying a coarsening region within a hexahedral mesh to be coarsened. A boundary sheet of hexahedral elements is inserted into the hexahedral mesh around the coarsening region. A column of hexahedral elements is identified within the boundary sheet. The column of hexahedral elements is collapsed to create an extraction sheet of hexahedral elements contained within the coarsening region. Then, the extraction sheet of hexahedral elements is extracted to coarsen the hexahedral mesh.
US08194059B2	Portable multimedia playback apparatus A portable multimedia playback apparatus is provided. The portable multimedia playback apparatus comprises a first video processing unit, a second video processing unit, a third video processing unit, a multiplexer, and a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The first video processing unit generates a digital video signal. The second video processing unit processes the digital video signal to generate a TV compatible signal. The third video processing unit processes the digital video signal to generate a flat panel compatible signal. The multiplexer selects one of the TV compatible signal and the flat panel compatible signal. The DAC outputs an analog video signal after converting the selected signal.
US08194051B2	Multiple fingers touch sensing method using matching algorithm A touch sensing method for detecting positions of touching is disclosed. In the present invention, a reference touch profile is provided. A variable ideal combination profile indicating multiple touches is obtained by synthesizing a plurality of reference touch profiles at different positions. The variable ideal combination profile is matched with a sensing signal. Actual touch positions can be identified from the sensing signal when the matching of the variable ideal combination profile with the sensing signal is optimal.
US08194047B2	Multi-channel touch panel The present invention relates to a multi-channel touch panel. In one embodiment, the multi-channel touch panel includes a plurality of driving electrodes spatial-separately arranged in the form of a matrix, a plurality of sensing electrodes associated with the plurality of driving electrodes such that each sensing electrode is surrounded by a corresponding driving electrode, N driving lines spatial-separately arranged along a row direction and M pairs of sensing lines spatial-separately arranged crossing over the N driving lines along a column direction, where each driving electrode in the row of the electrode matrix is electrically connected to each other by a corresponding driving line, and each odd sensing electrode in a column of the electrode matrix is electrically connected to each other by a first sensing line of the corresponding paired sensing lines, and each even sensing electrode in the column of the electrode matrix is electrically connected to each other by a second sensing line of the corresponding paired sensing lines.
US08194043B2	Mobile communication terminal having multiple displays and a data processing method thereof A mobile communication terminal includes a display unit comprising a plurality of displays, one of which being formed as a touch panel, and a controller for analyzing a signal inputted through the touch panel to determine whether movement distance of data satisfies pre-set conditions, and outputting a control signal for displaying the corresponding data through a different display region according to the corresponding result.
US08194041B2	Keypad with key pairs A keypad has a plurality of keys. The plurality of keys includes one or more key pairs. Each of the one or more key pairs includes physically coupled first and second keys. The physically coupled first and second keys are configured to be actuated independently of each other.
US08194034B2	Systems and methods for controlling a display An apparatus is provided for controlling a display. The apparatus is moveable by an individual user and includes a motion sensor for detecting and providing an indication of one or more types of movement of the apparatus. The apparatus also includes a transmitter, which is configured to receive the indication of movement, either directly or indirectly, from the motion sensor. The transmitter is further configured to transmit at least one signal based on movement of the apparatus which is configured to initiate display changes in data displayed in a remote display device. A system and a method for controlling a display are also provided.
US08194027B2	Liquid crystal device, light emitting device, electronic apparatus, method of controlling liquid crystal device, and method of controlling light emitting device A liquid crystal device is provided. The liquid crystal device includes: a liquid crystal panel including a pair of substrates which interpose a liquid crystal layer; a plurality of light receiving elements which detect ambient light; and a control unit which controls a display state of an image displayed on the liquid crystal panel based on an intensity of the ambient light detected by a plurality of the light receiving elements, wherein the control unit includes a determination unit determining that the intensity of the ambient light is changed when changed amounts of the intensities of the ambient light detected by equal to or more than half of the light receiving elements exceed a predetermined value.
US08194025B2	Liquid crystal display The present invention provides a liquid crystal display (LCD). The LCD includes: a liquid crystal panel that includes a plurality of gate lines; and a gate driver that includes a plurality of stages, which are connected to the gate lines, respectively, and sequentially provide a plurality of gate signals to the gate lines, respectively, and a first dummy stage and a second dummy stage that are separated from each other, wherein the first dummy stage is enabled by a carry signal of one of the stages, and the second dummy stage is enabled by a carry signal of the first dummy stage and initializes each of the stages.
US08194020B2	Liquid crystal display device A LCD device, in which a multi-grayscale level state is produced in a liquid crystal layer by applying a different voltage thereto, includes a liquid crystal display panel having the liquid crystal layer between first and second electrodes, an electrode drive circuit applying drive voltage pulses generated from multi-voltage power sources to the first and the second electrodes, and a multi-voltage power generator circuit. The LCD device further includes a multi-voltage power switch circuit supplying the first or the second multi-voltage power sources from the first or the second multi-voltage power units to the electrode drive circuit, and a control circuit, in a first drive step, setting the first multi-voltage power unit to an active state, and, in a second drive step, setting the second multi-voltage power unit to the active state.
US08194016B2	Liquid crystal display with peep-preventing function In an active matrix LCD, different signal voltages are applied to adjacent pixels or sub-pixels. Averaged brightness of the adjacent pixels or sub-pixels displays a typical γ curve while viewing right from the front, and on the other hand, displays a constant γ curve within a specified color level (signal voltage) range while viewing at a skew angle from the front. Accordingly, a true image can be seen from the front while the image becomes visibly unidentified at a skew angle from the front.
US08194012B2	Pixel and organic light emitting display using the same A pixel capable for compensating for the degradation of an organic light emitting diode. The pixel includes an organic light emitting diode; a pixel circuit including a driving transistor for controlling an electric current capacity flowing from a first power source to a second power source via the organic light emitting diode; and a compensation unit for controlling a voltage of a gate electrode of the driving transistor to correspond to a degradation of the organic light emitting diode. The compensation unit includes first and second feedback capacitors coupled in series between an anode electrode of the organic light emitting diode and the gate electrode of the driving transistor and a switching transistor coupled between a common node of the first and second feedback capacitors and a reset power source and for turning on when a control signal is supplied to a control line coupled to the switching electrode.
US08194011B2	Electronic apparatus, electronic system, and driving method for electronic apparatus An electronic apparatus includes unit circuits provided with electronic devices, data lines connected to the unit circuits, a first output device to output, as a first output, a current or a voltage corresponding to an externally supplied data signal, a second output device to output, as a second output, a current or a voltage corresponding to the magnitude of the first output, and a selection supply device to select one of or both the first output from the first output device and the second output from the second output device and to supply the selected output to the data line. With this configuration, the image reproducibility in a low-luminance/low-grayscale display area of a display apparatus using EL devices is enhanced.
US08194008B2	Display device The present invention is intended to suppress power consumption of an EL display. In accordance with the brightness of an image to be displayed in a pixel portion, the contrast of the image is determined whether to be inverted or not, and the number of bits of the digital video signal to be input into the pixel portion is reduced, and the magnitude of a current to flow through the EL element is allowed to be maintained at a constant level even when a temperature of an EL layer changes by providing the EL display with another EL element to be used for monitoring a temperature.
US08194005B2	Method of driving plasma display device A high quality, three-electrode type plasma display apparatus, of which the display of low-luminance gradations has been improved by reducing the minimum luminance of the subfield, has been disclosed. In the plasma display apparatus, a subfield of even lower luminance is provided by: providing at least one subfield made up of only a reset period and an address period, without a sustain period, in one frame, and causing an address discharge to occur only between Y (second) electrodes and address (third) electrodes; or providing at least two second subfields made up of only a reset period and an address period in one frame, and making the intensity of an address discharge differ between the two second subfields.
US08193994B2	Millimeter-wave chip-lens array antenna systems for wireless networks Embodiments of chip-lens array antenna systems are described. In some embodiments, the chip-lens array antenna systems (100) may comprise a millimeter-wave lens (104), and a chip-array antenna (102) to generate and direct millimeter-wave signals through the millimeter-wave lens (104) for subsequent transmission.
US08193993B2	Antenna sub-assembly for electronic device A portable electronic device (100) having an antenna sub-assembly (204) including a conductor with a first portion (216) along a first surface of a circuit board, a second portion (218) connected to the first portion along an edge of the circuit board, and a third portion (220) connected to the second portion. The third portion is along a second surface of the circuit board. A feed leg (222) couples to the conductor to radio circuitry.
US08193990B2	Microstrip array antenna The microstrip array antenna includes a dielectric substrate formed with a conductive ground plate at a back surface thereof, and strip conductors formed on a front surface of the dielectric substrate. The strip conductors includes a linear main feeding strip line, and a plurality of array elements connected to the main feeding strip line, the array elements being disposed at least one of both sides of the main feeding strip line at a predetermined interval along a longitudinal direction of the main feeding strip line. Each of the array elements includes a sub-feeding strip line connected to the main feeding strip line, a rectangular radiating antenna element connected to a terminal end of the sub-feeding strip line, and a stub connected to the sub-feeding strip line. The stub is disposed between the main feeding strip line and the radiating antenna element.
US08193983B1	Automated antenna alignment system A system for automatically aligning two data antennae is disclosed. Each antenna is provided with a pan and tilt unit, a GPS receiver for locating a respective antenna's location, a position reporting radio for broadcasting a local position to the remote antenna, and a magnetic compass including tilt sensors for determining tilt of the antenna and for establishing a reference heading. A computer at each location receives the local coordinates, remote coordinates reference heading and tilt information, and calculates a difference between the reference heading and bearing to the remote antenna. This information is converted to pan and tilt commands to drive the antenna to the bearing of the remote antenna. Two antenna equipped in this manner can be aligned simultaneously.
US08193982B2	Controlling a GPS receiver by detecting motion based on radiofrequency signal traces Operation of a GPS receiver on a wireless communications device is controlled by determining whether the device is stationary or in motion. Motion determination is accomplished by analyzing radiofrequency signal traces, e.g. GSM signal traces, received from one or more nearby base stations. A three-tiered analysis provides a progressively more accurate determination as to whether the device is moving or stationary while providing, in certain instances, a more rapid determination than prior-art techniques. When the device is determined to be stationary, the GPS receiver can be deactivated. When the device is determined to be moving, the GPS receiver can be reactivated.
US08193974B2	Systems and methods for suppressing ambiguous peaks from stepped frequency techniques Signal compensation systems and methods compensate an estimated range profile from a plurality of detected signal returns from a true range profile, wherein the signal returns correspond to an emitted stepped frequency pulse-train. An exemplary embodiment utilizes knowledge of the radar system design to identify locations, predict power levels, and suppress the contributions of stepped-frequency range sidelobes (ambiguous peaks) in the estimated range profile, resulting in a cleaner and more accurate radar display.
US08193970B2	Processing of a radio-communication frame in a system comprising at least three radio transmitter/receiver devices The invention relates to a method of implementing operations involving the processing a radio-communication frame (CMF) in a system comprising at least three radio transmitter/receiver devices (1-5), consisting in transmitting the frame in response to a first request signal (REQ1) transmitted by a device belonging to the system (1). According to the invention, the frame is processed in the device (1) that transmitted the first request signal (REQ1) as well as in other devices belonging to the system (1, 3-5) which transmitted respective request signals (REQ2-REQ4) within a pre-determined time period.
US08193968B1	Systems and methods for space situational awareness and space weather Systems and methods for detecting objects and weather in space are disclosed. A system for detecting an object in space and space weather includes at least one spacecraft, at least one radiation source, at least one detector, and a controller. The at least one radiation source and the at least one detector are coupled to the at least one spacecraft. The at least one radiation source is configured to transmit a signal. The at least one detector is configured to detect the signal. The signal may be reflected from an object in space. The controller is coupled to the spacecraft and is in communication with the plurality of detectors. The controller is programmed to calculate either a relative position of the object based or a plasma parameter in a region traversed by the signal based on the detected signal.
US08193967B2	Method and system for forming very low noise imagery using pixel classification A method and system for generating images from projection data comprising inputting first values representing correlated positional and recorded data; forming an image by processing the projection data utilizing a pixel characterization imaging subsystem to form the SAR imagery utilizing one of a back-projection algorithm or range migration algorithm; integrating positional and recorded data from many aperture positions, comprising: forming the complete aperture A0 comprising collecting the return radar data, the coordinates of the receiver, and the coordinates of the transmitter for each position k along the aperture of N positions; forming an imaging grid comprising M image pixels; selecting and removing a substantial number of aperture positions to form a sparse aperture Aifor L iterations; classifying each pixel in the image into target class based on the statistical distribution of its amplitude across L iterations; otherwise, the pixel is given the value of zero.
US08193964B2	System and method for suppressing radio frequency transmissions A system and method for suppressing radio frequency (“RF”) transmissions includes a transmitter for transmitting electronic signals that suppresses (e.g., prevents, disrupts, jams, interferes with or otherwise disables) RF transmissions. Some embodiments of the invention include a transmitter that suppresses one or more signals transmitted from a target transmitter in an RF transmission system to a target receiver in a wireless device operating in the RF transmission system to prevent, disrupt, jam, interfere with or otherwise disable an RF transmission between the target transmitter and the target receiver in the wireless device (i.e., target wireless device). These systems and methods may be used to interrupt communication, command and control of non-friendly combatant. These systems and methods may also be used to suppress RF transmissions to prevent the detonation of improvised explosive devices, or IEDs.
US08193962B1	High resolution A/D conversion based on piecewise conversion at lower resolution Piecewise conversion of an analog input signal is performed utilizing a plurality of relatively lower bit resolution A/D conversions. The results of this piecewise conversion are interpreted to achieve a relatively higher bit resolution A/D conversion without sampling frequency penalty.
US08193958B2	Signal regenerator Pulses that are generated from multiple analog input signals are sampled, and signal elements contained in the analog signals are extracted accurately using the said sampling pulses. Binarization circuits where analog input signals A, B, C, and D are converted into pulse signals; a logic operation circuit that generates a sampling pulse upon receiving the input of the 4 pulse signals; and a sample-and-hold circuit samples and holds an input RF signal based on the sampling pulse in order to extract accurately signal elements contained in said RF signal by means of sampling of the RF signal.
US08193955B2	Modular units for synchro-to-digital conversion and digital-to-synchro conversion The inventive data conversion device is typically embodied as a modular unit including a PCBA and a frame that houses it. The PCBA includes a PCB and electronic components mounted thereon including a computer and one or more conventional conversion devices, viz., at least one conventional synchro-to-digital converter and/or at least one conventional digital-to-synchro converter. According to typical inventive synchro-to-digital conversion, analog synchro data (received from a synchro) is converted by the synchro-to-digital converter(s) to lower-level-format parallel-binary-angle digital synchro data, which in turn is converted by the computer to higher-level-format digital synchro data. According to typical inventive digital-to-synchro conversion, higher-level-format digital synchro data (received from a modern-day digital device/system/network) is converted by the computer to lower-level-format parallel-binary-angle digital synchro data, which in turn is converted by the digital-to-synchro converter(s) to analog synchro data.
US08193953B1	Data width scaler circuitry Circuitry for scaling data from a first width (e.g., number of simultaneously presented parallel data signals) to a second width can preferably operate for any of a wide range of different ratios between the first and second widths (including ratios that are non-integer or even non-rational) without the need for more than one clock signal.
US08193949B2	Alert and warning system and method The present inventions provide a system and method for providing a warning using at least one wireless communication link between an approaching object and the location where a warning is to be given based in part on the location of the object and its proximity to the warning location. One aspect of the inventions includes receiving a communication from an object, for example a vehicle, which includes location information, at an alert node, wirelessly communicating alert information to a warning node, and causing a warning device to generate a warning. Preferably the alert node communicates with a plurality of vehicles and a plurality of warning nodes and determines to which of the plurality of warning nodes to communicate alert information based in part on the location information received from at least one of the vehicles and the location of the warning device.
US08193948B1	System, module, and method for presenting runway advisory information to a pilot A present novel and non-trivial system, module, and method for presenting runway advisory information are disclosed. A runway reference may be established using data received from a source of navigation reference data, where such data could represent runway information, runway awareness zone information, landing awareness zone information, and/or runway threshold line information. Navigation data representative of at least aircraft location and input factor data may be received from a source. Phase of flight may be determined using input factor data, and a runway advisory data set may be generated as a function of phase of flight and the positional relationship between aircraft location and the runway reference. Runway advisory data set may be representative of advisory information comprised of visual runway advisory information, aural runway advisory information, tactile advisory information, or a combination thereof. A presentation system receives the runway advisory data set and presents advisory information.
US08193942B2	Method of detecting fluid flow through a domestic fluid source The disclosed invention is a method of detecting flow conditions in a fluid supply system and is particularly useful for detecting flow in a toilet system. The flow detection method uses a device comprising a processor associated with a flow sensor and a memory which stores predefined flow criteria. When the processor detects flow through the fluid supply system, the processor uses the flow criteria to characterize the detected flow. If such flow complies with predefined flow conditions, a flow event is noted and an alert is issued. Such alert is configured according to predefined alert-criteria stored in a memory.
US08193931B2	Adaptive communication methods and systems for facilitating the gathering, distribution and delivery of information related to medical care Automated methods and systems are disclosed for persistently facilitating the timely gathering, monitoring, distribution and delivery of information related to medical care where such may include: (1) finding a communications channel for effectively attempting a message delivery to a specific target person at a specified time; (2) deliverable message content to limitations of a chosen communications channel; adaptively finding a targeted recipient even if the latter is highly mobile and/or has travel patterns or communications-channel preferences that change over time; (3) verifying that a targeted recipient has actually received an attempted delivery within an applicable time limit; (4) automatically recognizing that an urgent message delivery-attempt was not timely completed and adaptively alerting responsible entities of the in completion; and (5) automatically recognizing that an urgent change or non change of condition has occurred by virtue of information gathered during an automated or manually-conducted Interview where physician expected positive progress prior to Interview and adaptively alerting responsible entities of the changed or unchanged condition based on the urgency of the change or non-change.
US08193928B1	Visible and audible warning signal operating and control apparatus integrated into a single unit Apparatus for controlling visible and audible warning signals, particularly signals from light bars, traffic director lighting, and siren and public address outputs for police and emergency vehicle applications, is provided in a single unit. Mounted in a chassis of the unit in layered relationship are a siren board and a relay board. The siren board contains amplifier and associated circuitry for generating and amplifying siren signals, and for providing microphone signals and signals from a 2-way radio of the vehicle, to a speaker which projects these audible signals for warning of and controlling emergency conditions. The relay board contains circuitry for switching power from the vehicle battery to the traffic director lighting and warning lighting (as may be provided by light bars) mounted on or in the vehicle. A microcontroller switches the lighting to the selected lighting units via relays on the board. A controller utilizing buttons providing a keypad, rotary and slide switches, is mounted on the chassis at one end thereof to provide manual access to the police or other emergency personnel for controlling the lighting and the siren, as well as public announce and radio audible signals. The entire unit is sufficiently small to be mounted to the dash or console of the vehicle and for example, may be about 6″ wide, 8″ deep, and 3″ high.
US08193921B2	Motorcycle handlebar lock system A motorcycle handlebar lock system (10) includes a control section (16) that executes a process of authenticating information necessary for driving a motorcycle (30), and a switch part (12L, 12R) for initiating the authentication process, the switch part being disposed within a grip (61 or 62) of a handlebar (31) of the motorcycle.
US08193918B1	Interactive medication dispensing system This invention provides a medication dispensing system that instructs the user through visual and audio cues, such as the illumination of individual medication cups that are arrayed in accordance with a daily and weekly schedule in separate orifices within the dispenser body. The system and method monitors compliance by determining when an indicated cup is accessed, based upon at least one of manipulating a lid and/or placing into, removing from, or replacing into the correct orifice based upon the indication. The cups can be refilled at an appropriate time based upon an indication by the system, and/or can be provided in removable refill tray (that is prefilled by a pharmacist) which simplifies the refill process. The dispenser can include an on-board processor that stores a current configuration including the treatment schedule. The configuration can be programmed/re-programmed, and compliance can be monitored, via a wired or wireless server connection that communicates with interested parties (e.g., the user, family, caregivers, physicians and the like), and that supports a graphical user (web-based) interface. The server allows interested parties to generate reports regarding compliance. The server also transmits alerts to interested parties via a variety of communications mechanisms (telephone, e-mail, text-messaging (SMS), etc.) in cases of current or continuing non-compliance by the user/patient.
US08193911B2	Controlling radio frequency identification tag signal range A method, apparatus, and computer usable program product for controlling a range of a radio frequency identification tag signal. The process identifies an operative range for the radio frequency identification tag signal of a radio identification tag. The process then selects a set of conductive paths in the radio frequency identification tag corresponding to the desired operative range. The set of conductive paths controls the range of the radio frequency identification tag signal in the radio identification frequency tag.
US08193897B2	Integrated lateral short circuit for a beneficial modification of current distribution structure for xMR magnetoresistive sensors The invention relates to a magnetoresistive device formed to sense an externally applied magnetic field, and a related method. The magnetoresistive device includes a magnetoresistive stripe formed over an underlying, metallic layer that is patterned to produce electrically isolated conductive regions over a substrate, such as a silicon substrate. An insulating layer separates the patterned metallic layer from the magnetoresistive stripe. A plurality of conductive vias is formed to couple the isolated regions of the metallic layer to the magnetoresistive stripe. The conductive vias form local short circuits between the magnetoresistive stripe and the isolated regions of the metallic layer to alter the uniformity of a current flow therein, thereby improving the position and angular sensing accuracy of the magnetoresistive device. In an advantageous embodiment, the metallic layer is formed as electrically conductive stripes oriented at approximately a 45° angle with respect to an axis of the magnetoresistive device.
US08193896B2	Polyamide electrical insulation for use in liquid filled transformers An aliphatic polyamide film or fibrous material is employed for electrical insulation in individual conductors, groups of conductors, magnet wire, magnet wire coils, and layers in liquid filled electrical transformers. The material is stabilized with additives that produce improved moisture resistance, moisture stability, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, reduced insulation thickness, reduced shrinkage, and improved insulation elasticity for the insulation material thereby providing a longer useful life for the material.
US08193895B2	Magnetic assembly and fabricating method thereof A magnetic assembly includes a magnetic core, a circuit board and multiple conductive elements. The circuit board includes multiple conductive regions. The conductive elements stride over the magnetic core. Each of the conductive elements includes a first terminal, a second terminal and a connecting part. The connecting part is arranged between the first terminal and the second terminal for connecting the first terminal with the second terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal of each conductive element are respectively connected to two adjacent conductive regions. The multiple conductive elements and the multiple conductive regions collectively define multiple loops. The multiple loops interact with the magnetic core to generate inductance.
US08193890B2	Method and arrangement for winding a winding wire onto a winding body and associated magnet assembly for a solenoid valve The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for winding a winding wire onto a winding body, and to an associated magnet assembly. The start of the winding wire is threaded into a first wire-receiving slot of a first electrical connection dome. By a winding operation a predefinable number of turns are then wound onto the winding body, and one end of the winding wire is threaded into a second wire-receiving slot of a second electrical connection dome and cut off. According to the invention, the start of the winding wire which has been threaded into the first wire-receiving slot is placed on a first wire support which is arranged downstream of the first wire-receiving slot. The winding wire is shaped and held before the winding operation such that the diameter of the winding wire is increased at one region positioned on the first wire support, in the direction of the width of the first wire-receiving slot, and the start of the winding wire is prevented from slipping back into the first wire-receiving slot.
US08193881B2	Relay A relay having a first opening and closing part including an openable and closable first gap; a second opening and closing part including an openable and closable second gap, the second opening and closing part being placed side by side with the first opening and closing part so that the first gap and the second gap are arranged side by side; a magnetization driving part to cause the first opening and closing part and the second opening and closing part to simultaneously operate; and a permanent magnet to apply a magnetic field on the first and second gaps in the same direction.
US08193874B2	High-frequency module A high-frequency switch module includes a FET switch mounted on a multilayer substrate and a low pass filter arranged between the FET switch and a transmission signal input terminal. The low pass filter includes at least one inductor connected in series between a transmission input port and the transmission signal input terminal, a first capacitor, one end of which is connected to the transmission input port and the other end of which is grounded, and a second capacitor, one end of which is connected to the transmission signal input terminal and the other end of which is grounded, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor have different capacitance values.
US08193869B1	Feedthrough capacitance compensation for resonant devices A device has a resonator coupled to input and output nodes, the resonator being characterized by a transducer to drive the output node, and further characterized by a feedthrough capacitance such that portions of the input signal bypass the transducer to allow a spurious signal to reach the output node. The device includes a compensation capacitor coupled to the output node to define a compensation capacitance in accordance with the feedthrough capacitance. A phase inversion circuit is coupled to the compensation capacitance to generate a compensation signal and coupled to the output node such that the spurious signal is offset by the compensation signal. In some cases, a differential amplifier of the phase inversion circuit has the compensation capacitance in a feedback path to offset the feedthrough capacitance. In these and other cases, the compensation capacitance and the feedthrough capacitance may be unmatched to avoid overcompensation.
US08193868B2	Switched capacitor circuit for a voltage controlled oscillator A switched capacitor circuit for use at at least one operating frequency is provided. The switched capacitor may include an inductive element having a first terminal coupled to a switching voltage and a second terminal. The switched capacitor circuit may further include a hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) having a base terminal coupled to the second terminal of the inductive element, a first conducting terminal, and a second conducting terminal coupled to a voltage supply terminal. The switched capacitor circuit may further include a capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the first conducting terminal of the HBT and a second terminal coupled to a node, wherein a capacitance value at the node is a function of the switching voltage, and wherein the inductive element is configured such that a combined impedance of an impedance of the capacitor, an impedance of the HBT, and an impedance of inductive element resonates at the at least one operating frequency only when the HBT is substantially non-conducting.
US08193858B2	Setting an output level of an amplifier apparatus An amplifier module comprises an amplifier with an output and a coupling element for receiving a signal at the output. It also comprises a control input for receiving a control signal and a power detector which can be changed over and is intended to determine a power signal from the signal. The power detector which can be changed over is coupled to the control input and is set up in such a manner that a dynamic range of the power detector can be changed on the basis of the control signal.
US08193857B1	Wideband doherty amplifier circuit An amplifier circuit includes a signal summing node, a first amplifier configured to operate in a first mode, an impedance inverter, a second amplifier configured to operate in a second mode and a wideband impedance transformer. The impedance inverter couples an output of the first amplifier to the signal summing node. The impedance inverter is configured to provide impedance transformation and load modulation to the first amplifier. The second amplifier has an output coupled to the signal summing node. The wideband impedance transformer has a first end coupled to the signal summing node and a second end forming a terminal node. The wideband impedance transformer is configured to present a real impedance to the first amplifier over at least 25% of a radio frequency bandwidth of the amplifier circuit.
US08193854B2	Bi-directional trimming methods and circuits for a precise band-gap reference A bandgap reference circuit has trimming-up resistors and trimming-down resistors for bi-directional trimming. PNP transistors have base and collectors grounded and emitters connected to parallel resistors. A difference resistor drives an inverting input of an op amp that drives a transistor that generates the bandgap reference voltage Vbg. A sensing resistor connects Vbg to a splitting node that connects to the non-inverting input through a first parallel resistor. The splitting node also connects through a second parallel resistor to the inverting input. Fuses or switches enable the trimming-up and trimming-down resistors. The trimming-up resistors are in series with the sensing resistor and the trimming-down resistors are in series with an output resistor that connects Vbg to reference voltage Vref. The circuit can be designed for a more typical process since bi-directional trimming allows Vref to be raised or lowered. Many circuits need no trimming when targeted for the typical process.
US08193852B2	Precise control component for a substrate potential regulation circuit A control circuit for substrate potential regulation for an integrated circuit device. The control circuit includes a current source configured to generate a reference current. A variable resistor is coupled to the current source. The variable resistor is configured to receive the reference current and generate a reference voltage at a node between the current source and the variable resistor. The reference voltage controls the operation of a substrate potential regulation circuit coupled to the node.
US08193850B2	Mix mode wide range multiplier and method thereof A mix mode wide range multiplier and method are provided for multiplying a first signal by a second signal to generate an output signal. A reference signal is generated according to a first gain and a reference value, the output signal is generated according to a second gain and the first signal, a target value is generated according to the second signal, the first gain is adjusted to make the reference signal equal to the target value, and the second gain is adjusted to maintain a ratio of the second gain to the first gain.
US08193846B2	Selectable delay pulse generator A programmable pulse generator having a clock signal delay chain, multiplexer, and reduced voltage charge circuit. The clock delay chain comprises a plurality of propagated delays, coupled to the multiplexer. The multiplexer selects a particular clock delay signal from a plurality of delay chain taps. The multiplexer is driven by a tap select register coupled to a state machine. The state machine controls the programmable pulse output, encoding the data by varying the pulse width and delay between pulses. The delay of pulse outputs from the multiplexer are reduced by coupling a reduced voltage pre-charge circuit to the multiplexer.
US08193840B2	System timer and a mobile system including the same A system timer including a divider unit configured to fractionally divide a first clock signal and output a second clock signal having an asymmetric duty ratio and an interrupt generation unit configured to count a cycle of the second clock signal and output an interrupt signal according to the count.
US08193839B2	Multi-level transmitter circuit having substantially constant impedance output A multi-level transmitter circuit with substantially constant output impedance has a capacitive transducer connected between a voltage input and ground. A first voltage path connects the voltage input to a first positive voltage source. The first voltage path is controlled by a first control signal. A second voltage path connects the voltage input to a second positive voltage source, less than the first positive voltage source. The second voltage path passes through a diode and is controlled by a second control signal. A third voltage path connects the voltage input to a third voltage source, less than ground, and is controlled by the second control signal. The impedance at the voltage input during the first control signal is substantially the same as the impedance at the voltage input during the second control signal.
US08193830B2	Configurable circuits, IC's, and systems Some embodiments of the invention provide a configurable integrated circuit (IC). The IC includes a logic circuit for receiving input data sets and configuration data sets and performing several functions on the input data sets. Each configuration data set specifies a particular function that the logic circuit has to perform on the input data set. The IC also includes a connection circuit for supplying sets of the configuration data to the logic circuit at a particular rate for at least a particular time period. At least two supplied configuration data sets are different and configure the logic circuit to perform two different functions on the input data.
US08193829B2	Semiconductor device, memory system, and method for controlling termination of the same A semiconductor device includes a plurality of first input units configured to receive a command, a second input unit configured to receive a termination command, a termination control unit configured to be enabled by the termination command and decode the command to control a termination operation, and a termination unit configured to be controlled by the termination control unit and terminate an interface pad.
US08193828B2	Buffer apparatus, integrated circuit and method of reducing a portion of an oscillation of an output signal A buffer apparatus for a communications bus comprises a driver circuit having an output. An amplifier circuit having an input is coupled to the output of the driver circuit. The driver circuit is arranged to generate, when in use, a drive signal having a waveform that comprises a step therein so as to substantially suppress generation by the amplifier circuit of a portion of an oscillation of an output signal.
US08193826B2	Auto probe device and method of testing liquid crystal panel using the same An auto probe device used in a method of testing a plurality of signal lines of a liquid crystal panel includes a printed circuit board having a shorting bar, a flexible printed circuit board having a plurality of connection patterns electrically connected to the shorting bar of the printed circuit board, and a plurality of contact pins contacting the plurality of pads formed in a non-display area of the liquid crystal panel. Such an auto probe device reduces a defect generation rate in a lighting test of the liquid crystal panel so that accuracy of the lighting test may be improved.
US08193820B2	Occupant detection system An occupant detection system is a part of a vehicle occupant protection system. The vehicle occupant protection system is enabled to be activated when the occupant detection system determines an ON state indicative of existence of an occupant on a seat. The vehicle occupant protection system is disabled to be activated when the occupant detection system determines an OFF state. The system includes a capacitive sensor which detects the occupant based on a capacitance around the seat. The system determines the ON state or the OFF state based on the detected value of the capacitive sensor and a predetermined threshold value. The system evaluates whether the determination result in the determination block is appropriate or not. Then, the system biases the threshold value to suppress a reversal determination from the determination result which is evaluated as appropriate.
US08193819B2	Method and apparatus for improving yield ratio of testing A method and apparatus for improving yield ratio of testing are disclosed. The method includes the following steps. First of all, devices are tested and electromagnetic interference is measured. Next, the test results are examined for whether the devices pass the test or not. Then, electromagnetic interference data are examined for whether the electromagnetic interference data are over a predetermined standard if the devices fail the test. The above-mentioned steps are performed again if the electromagnetic interference data are over a predetermined standard. The test is terminated if the devices still fail the test and the values of electromagnetic interference are still over a predetermined standard.
US08193818B2	Partial corona discharge detection A method of detecting partial corona discharge in a targeted circuit of an electrical apparatus, comprises the steps of: wrapping a Rogowski coil around a leg of the targeted circuit to produce a Rogowski coil signal that represents electrical current rate of change in the leg of the targeted circuit; coupling the Rogowski coil signal to a three-dimensional display device that may represent the dimension of time, the dimension of amplitude as a function of a time, and the dimension of duration of amplitude as a function of time in successive periods of that have a preselected duration; monitoring the display device to detect deviations of the duration of amplitude as a function of time from a normal waveform in the leg of the targeted circuit; and correlating ones of the detected deviations of the duration of amplitude as a function of time from a normal waveform that exceed a preselected deviation level as indicative of partial corona discharge within the targeted circuit.
US08193806B2	Object detecting apparatus An object detecting apparatus that detects an object including a magnetic body including: a detection signal acquiring unit that acquires a detection signal based on a magnetic signal; a disturbance source detection signal storage unit that stores a detection signal of a disturbance source that generates a disturbance component with respect to the detection signal; a determining unit that determines whether the detection signal acquired by the detection signal acquiring unit contains the disturbance component; an amplitude correction unit that corrects an amplitude of the disturbance source detection signal and generates an amplitude-corrected disturbance source detection signal; a disturbance component suppression unit that generates a determination signal by suppressing the disturbance component contained in the detection signal; and an object determination unit that determines whether the object is the object to be detected based on the determination signal.
US08193805B2	Magnetic sensor A magnetic sensor capable of detecting a magnetic field with high sensitivity is provided. The magnetic sensor includes a bridge circuit having a plurality of magneto resistive effect elements connected with each other, and is capable of detecting a differential voltage between predetermined connecting points. The magneto resistive effect elements output resistance values which vary in accordance with a direction of a magnetic field to be input, and are arranged such that fixed magnetization directions of all magneto resistive effect elements are in the same direction. Further, a magnetic body which changes the direction of the magnetic field to be input to the magneto resistive effect elements is also provided in the vicinity of the bridge circuit.
US08193801B2	Method and a device for feeding DC power to an amplifier module for a pulsed load A method for feeding DC power to an amplifier module for a pulsed load, the method comprising providing current pulses from a DC power supply; charging a capacitor configuration in the amplifier module; providing an output voltage via a voltage regulated power supply; feeding current pulses to the pulsed load from the capacitor configuration, determining an output current (Iout) pulse configuration appearing during feeding the load from the capacitor configuration; providing a pulsed input current (Iin) from the DC power supply based upon the determined output pulsed current; and limiting the maximum current level of the input current pulses to a pre-determined level by a control and pulse shaping circuit to be substantially lower compared to the peak current of the output current pulses.
US08193799B2	Interposer including voltage regulator and method therefor A device that includes an electronic device referred to as an integrated circuit interposer is disclosed. The integrated circuit includes a voltage regulator module. The interposer is attached to an electronic device, such as another integrated circuit, and facilitates control and distribution of power to the electronic device. The integrated circuit interposer can also conduct signaling between the attached electronic device and another electronic device. The voltage regulator module at the integrated circuit interposer can be configured to provide a voltage reference signal to the attached electronic device. Generation of the voltage reference signal by the integrated circuit interposer can be enabled or disabled and the value of the voltage reference signal can be adjusted, depending on operating requirements of the electronic device.
US08193798B1	Buck regulators with adjustable clock frequency to achieve dropout voltage reduction A method includes generating a drive signal for a transistor in a switching regulator. The drive signal turns the transistor on and off to generate a regulated output voltage. The drive signal is generated based on a clock signal. The method also includes dynamically decreasing a frequency of the clock signal to decrease a dropout voltage of the switching regulator. Dynamically decreasing the frequency of the clock signal can increase a duration of switching periods defined by the clock signal. The dropout voltage could have a first value proportional to TOFF—MIN/TON—MAX during shorter switching periods and a second value proportional to TOFF—MIN/TON—MAX—DFC during longer switching periods. TOFF—MIN represents a minimum amount of off-time for the transistor during each switching period, TON—MAX represents a maximum amount of on-time for the transistor during shorter switching periods, and TON—MAX—DFC represent a maximum amount of on-time for the transistor during longer switching periods.
US08193785B2	Power supply A switching regulator for regulating an ac signal, and method of supplying power thereto wherein the regulator includes a positive half cycle part and a negative half-cycle part arranged to regulate the respective parts of an input ac signal. Each half-cycle part includes a modulating transistor, having an associated modulator diode, and a clamping diode arranged to protect the modulating transistor from reverse-bias voltages and having an associated clamp switch. The regulator further has a first switching controller operable to cause the modulating transistors to switch and a second, separate switching controller operable to cause the clamp switches to switch.
US08193781B2	Harnessing power through electromagnetic induction utilizing printed coils Systems for harnessing power through electromagnetic induction utilizing printed coils are provided. A system can include one or more moveable magnets adjacent to printed coils on a circuit. For example, a system can include one or more magnets that are operative to move alongside a circuit board that includes printed coils. The one or more magnets may move, for example, when a user shakes the system or when the user walks or runs while holding the device. The movement of the one or more magnets may create an electromotive force (e.g., a voltage) across the printed coils, and this force may be used to generate electric power.
US08193779B2	Battery charging and discharging by using a bi-directional transistor A battery charger for an electronic device receives current limited power from an external power source, such as a Universal Serial Bus power interface. The battery charger can linearly regulate a charging current to an internal battery and limit the charging current so as not to demand current in excess of what the external power source can provide. A bi-directional pass element coupled between a system power terminal and the internal battery controls the charging current and effectively isolates the internal battery from a system load during charging of the battery while providing a low impedance path from the internal battery to the system load during discharging of the battery.
US08193777B2	Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery charging method, electronic device, battery pack, and charging device The present invention aims to quickly charge a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a heat-resistant layer between a negative electrode and a positive electrode. A method according to the present invention for charging a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a heat-resistant layer between a negative electrode and a positive electrode is provided with a step of performing pulse charge on the secondary battery, a step of detecting a change amount of a cell voltage associated with a change in the concentration polarization of the non-aqueous electrolyte as a polarization voltage, and a step of terminating the pulse charge when the polarization voltage increases to or above a predetermined threshold value. According to the present invention, it is possible to quickly charge the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the heat-resistant layer between the negative electrode and the positive electrode at such a borderline level as not to cause overcharge.
US08193772B2	Overvoltage protection utilized when a battery is removed from a system A system and method are provided for safely recharging a battery. A current source is coupled to a node and configured to produce a current. The battery is coupled to the node, and is configured to recharge during a recharging cycle based on receiving the current through the node. An overvoltage protection system is coupled between the node and the current source, and configured to disable the current source when a voltage at the node exceeds a threshold value. For example, the current source may be substantially instantaneously disabled when this occurs.
US08193769B2	Inductively chargeable audio devices An inductively enabled audio speaker is disclosed configured to receive power inductively from an inductive power outlet. The audio speaker device has a voice coil which, as well as being able to produce an audible output, is further configured to function as a secondary inductor to inductively couple with a primary inductor. The inductively enabled audio speaker may be used to power an electrical device such as a Bluetooth earpiece, a telephone or the like.
US08193766B2	Time remaining to charge an implantable medical device, charger indicator, system and method therefore System and method for estimating a time to recharge a rechargeable power source of an implantable medical device. A plurality of measured parameters relating to the implantable medical device and an external charging device are applied to a model of recharging performance and an estimate is provided to a patient, perhaps in advance of charging. Once charging has begun, updated estimates can be provided until charging is complete. Once charging is complete, the model may be updated to reflect any differences in the estimated time to complete charging and the actual time required to complete charging. The model may be based on limitations to the rate at which charge may be transferred to the rechargeable power source over a plurality of intervals.
US08193761B1	Hybrid power source A hybrid power system is comprised of a high energy density element such as a fuel-cell and high power density elements such as a supercapacitor banks. A DC/DC converter electrically connected to the fuel cell and converting the energy level of the energy supplied by the fuel cell. A first switch is electrically connected to the DC/DC converter. First and second supercapacitors are electrically connected to the first switch and a second switch. A controller is connected to the first switch and the second switch, monitoring charge levels of the supercapacitors and controls the switching in response to the charge levels. A load is electrically connected to the second switch. The first switch connects the DC/DC converter to the first supercapacitor when the second switch connects the second supercapacitor to the load. The first switch connects the DC/DC converter to the second supercapacitor when the second switch connects the first supercapacitor to the load.
US08193753B2	Motor controller and electric power tool having the same A motor controller is provided with a velocity processing unit that determines a corrected target rotation velocity by correcting the inputted target rotation velocity of the motor in accordance with a velocity deviation between the inputted target rotation velocity and an actual rotation velocity detected from the motor, a first PWM circuit that repeatedly outputs an on-signal having a first pulse width at a first carrier frequency, wherein the first pulse width of the on-signal is modulated by the first PWM circuit in accordance with the corrected target rotation velocity, a second PWM circuit that repeatedly outputs an on-signal having a second pulse width at a second carrier frequency, wherein the second pulse width is different from the first pulse width, the second carrier frequency is lower than the first carrier frequency, and the second pulse width of the on-signal is modulated by the second PWM circuit in accordance with the corrected target rotation velocity, an AND circuit that receives the on-signal outputted from the first PWM circuit and the on-signal outputted from the second PWM circuit and outputs third on-signal which is a logical product of the on-signals, and a voltage apply circuit that applies voltage to the motor intermittently in synchronization with the third on-signal outputted from the AND circuit. As a result, the rotation velocity of the motor may be correctly controlled.
US08193752B2	Actuator assembly having operation indication function An actuator assembly having an operation indication function is disclosed. The actuator assembly includes an actuator, a controller and an indication lamp set. The actuator has a motor, a screw, and an extension rod, which has limit positions connected with a limit switch set. The controller controls the motor of the actuator to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise. The indication lamp set is settled on at least one point on a circuit between the actuator and the controller and electrically communicated with the limit switch set. Thereby, when the extension rod touches any of the limit positions and thus triggers the limit switch set, the indication lamp set illuminates to indicate that the extension rod of the actuator reaches the corresponding limit position.
US08193750B2	Electrical machine arrangement Electrical machine arrangements have advantages with regard to providing local electrical power and starting. Embedding such electrical machine arrangements in machinery such as gas turbine engines is advantageous in removing mechanical linkages and reducing aerodynamic drag. However, the components utilized must be able to withstand harsh environmental conditions and therefore the DC link capacitor used for smoothing of voltage fluctuations are limited to relatively low capacitance densities. Low density DC link capacitors require large sizes which render electrical machines less acceptable for embedded usage. By providing offset of electrical current in inductance elements such as stator windings and stator coils of electrical machines in dead periods of the cycle a reduction in DC link capacitor requirements is achieved reducing the size, weight and complexity of installing electrical machines in gas turbine engines.
US08193748B2	Integrated brushless DC motor and controller An integrated brushless DC motor and controller including a brushless DC motor having a rotating shaft with a 2 pole permanent magnet affixed to the shaft for rotation thereby in a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the shaft. An X-Y Hall Effect Sensor is carried by a controller mounted on a circuit board attached to the motor and the Hall Effect Sensor is positioned proximate the magnet with the Hall Effect Sensor producing the Sine and Cosine components of the magnetic field as the magnet is rotated by the motor shaft. The electronic controller includes software for determining the motor angle and commutation logic from the Sine and Cosine components generated by the Hall Effect Sensor response to the rotating magnetic field. A controller on the board positioned over the rotating shaft contains the highly integrated functions of internal analog digital converters, pulse width modulation registers for driving the power amplifier, internal communication ports and all of the random excess memory and FLASH non-volatile memory that is typically required for motor control.
US08193747B2	Methods, systems and apparatus for controlling operation of two alternating current (AC) machines A system is provided for controlling two alternating current (AC) machines via a five-phase PWM inverter module. The system comprises a first control loop, a second control loop, and a current command adjustment module. The current command adjustment module operates in conjunction with the first control loop and the second control loop to continuously adjust current command signals that control the first AC machine and the second AC machine such that they share the input voltage available to them without compromising the target mechanical output power of either machine. This way, even when the phase voltage available to either one of the machines decreases, that machine outputs its target mechanical output power.
US08193743B2	Control device for electric rotating machine and method of controlling the machine A control device has a unit for preparing a pattern having first and second periods by comparing a triangular wave and a sine wave having an amplitude ratio set at each value of a modulation factor, and selecting one pattern corresponding to an instructed modulation factor, and a unit for applying a controlled voltage, set at low and high levels in response to first and second periods of the selected pattern, to a generator. The triangular wave has a cycle duration obtained by dividing the cycle duration of the generator by product of 3 and odd number, a crest having a level higher than the sine wave at a timing of each first period, and a trough having a level lower than the sine wave at a timing of each second period.
US08193739B2	Apparatus for lighting LEDs An apparatus for lighting LEDs includes an LED group load having the LEDs, a converter to generate a voltage applied to the LED group load, a current controller to control a current of the LED group load, a voltage controller to control an output voltage provided by the converter, a time division circuit to intermittently pass a current through the LED group load, and a selector. The selector, during a period in which the time division circuit passes a current through the LED group load, selects the current controller to control a current of the LED group load and thereby control an output voltage provided by the converter, and during a period in which the time division circuit passes no current through the LED group load, selects the voltage controller to control an output voltage provided by the converter.
US08193735B2	LED lamp with high efficacy and high color rendering and manufacturing method thereof A LED lamp and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. At least one blue LED chip can be used as an excitation light source. A number of red LED chips are arranged around the blue LED chip. The blue LED chip and red chips are covered with a packaging material with phosphor. The intensity of red light can be adjusted by a control circuit. Thus, the white LED lamps with high efficacy and high color rendering at different color temperatures can be achieved.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10