Document	Document Title
US08392434B1	Random sampling from distributed streams Described herein are methods, systems, apparatuses and products for random sampling from distributed streams. An aspect provides a method for distributed sampling on a network with a plurality of sites and a coordinator, including: receiving at the coordinator a data element from a site of the plurality of sites, said data element having a weight randomly associated therewith deemed reportable by comparison at the site to a locally stored global value; comparing the weight of the data element received with a global value stored at the coordinator; and performing one of: updating the global value stored at the coordinator to the weight of the data element received; and communicating the global value stored at the coordinator back to the site of the plurality of sites. Other embodiments are disclosed.
US08392432B2	Make and model classifier Systems and methods for assigning a product category and/or classification to user data based on a taxonomy of makes and models is provided. User data is received and converted to plain text. A taxonomy is provided, having a plurality of categories corresponding with product descriptions based on product makes and models. Rules are associated with the categories in the taxonomy and used to generate a category score for categories in the taxonomy. The category scores are used to assign at least one category from the taxonomy to the user data. A product class may also be assigned to the user data based on the assigned product category.
US08392431B1	System, method, and computer program for determining a level of importance of an entity A system, method, and computer program product are provided for determining a level of importance of an entity. In use, an identifier of an entity is identified. Additionally, at least one source publishing entity information is searched for the identifier to determine at least one source publishing information associated with the entity. Further, the information associated with the entity is identified from the at least one source publishing the information associated with the entity. Still yet, the information is scored utilizing at least one predefined algorithm to generate at least one score, each score generated for a different one of the at least one predefined algorithm. Moreover, a value indicative of a level of importance of the entity is calculated, utilizing the at least one score.
US08392422B2	Automated boolean expression generation for computerized search and indexing A computer implemented method of indexing a plurality of responses for later retrieval and presentation to a user in response to queries, includes, for each of the plurality of responses, receiving at least one representative query for that response. The representative query(s) represent text (e.g. natural language) query(s) to be input by an end user searching for information addressed by that response. Each representative query is parsed into terms. The terms are analyzed to determine which of these terms are more likely to uniquely identify queries for the particular response among terms in representative queries for all indexed responses. Boolean expression(s) satisfied by a text query containing one of the terms determined to more likely uniquely identify that response, and another one of the parsed terms are formed.
US08392416B2	Dynamic group creation or reconfiguration based upon available metadata The present invention relates to a method for the dynamic creation or reconfiguration of a contact group listing based upon retrieved metadata. The method comprising identifying a contact that is to be added to a primary contact list, the primary contact list being configured to be accessed by at least one sub-list group, wherein sub-list groups are associated with predetermined metadata classification criteria. The method further comprises interrogating data sources in order to identify metadata that is associated with the contact, and retrieving from the data sources all metadata that has been associated with the contact. The retrieved metadata is subsequently utilized to dynamically generate or reconfigure sub-list groupings in accordance with the information that is retrieved from the metadata.
US08392414B2	Hybrid audio-visual categorization system and method Meta-data (tags) for an audiovisual file can be generated by producing an initial estimate of the tags and then revising the estimate (notably to expand it and/or render it more precise) based on the assumption that the relationships which hold between the different tags for a set of manually-tagged training examples will also hold for the tags of the input file now being tagged. A fully-automatic method and system is a hybrid between signal-based and machine-learning approaches, because the initial tag estimate is based on the physical properties of the signal representing the audiovisual file. The initial tag estimate may be produced by inferring that the input content will have the same tags as those files of the same kind, in the training database, which have a global similarity to the input audiovisual file in terms of signal properties.
US08392408B1	Coordinating successive search queries using a query cursor A search server system having one or more processors and memory receives a first search query from a client and, in response, generates a first set of search results corresponding to the first search query by searching in a first set of one or more index portions and generates a query cursor indicating a location in the first set of index portions. The server sends the first set of search results and the query cursor to the client. Subsequently the server receives, from the client, a second search query including the query cursor. The first search query is different from the second search query and/or different index portions are used to perform the second search query. In response to the second search query the server generates a second set of search results identified using the query cursor and sends the second set of search results to the client.
US08392407B2	Method, apparatus and system of searching and downloading mobile telephone file A method of searching for and downloading a mobile telephone file is disclosed, and in the method, a server in a domain where a mobile terminal is located receives a keyword in a searching request, searches for resources in the mobile communication network, and returns a list of resources searched out to the mobile terminal; the mobile terminal receives data resource information selected by a user according to the list of the resources the mobile terminal sends a request for downloading resources to the server in the domain, and the server sends the resources to the mobile terminal. An apparatus of searching for and downloading a mobile telephone file is provided also, which includes a storage module, a receiving module, a sending module, a query module, and can also include a data base, a communication interface and a statistic module. A system of searching for and downloading a mobile telephone file is provided.
US08392405B2	Performing cost-based optimizations of authorization checks in database systems One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates performing a cost-based optimization of authorization checks in a database system. During operation, the system receives a query at the database system. Next, the system estimates a cost for executing the query, which involves estimating a cost for evaluating authorization checks, which involve functional evaluations of access rights for data accessed by the query. The system then rewrites the query to include evaluating authorization checks within the query. The system also estimates a cost for executing the rewritten query. Next, the system determines if executing the rewritten query has a lower cost than executing the query and performing the authorization checks. If so, the system executes the rewritten query. However, if not, the system executes the query.
US08392400B1	Method and apparatus for stress management in a searchable data service Method and apparatus for stress management in a searchable data service. The searchable data service may provide a searchable index to a backend data store, and an interface to build and query the searchable index, that enables client applications to search for and retrieve locators for stored entities in the backend data store. Embodiments of the searchable data service may implement a distributed stress management mechanism that may provide functionality including, but not limited to, the automated monitoring of critical resources, analysis of resource usage, and decisions on and performance of actions to keep resource usage within comfort zones. In one embodiment, in response to usage of a particular resource being detected as out of the comfort zone on a node, an action may be performed to transfer at least part of the resource usage for the local resource to another node that provides a similar resource.
US08392386B2	Tracking file contents A method, system, and computer usable program product for tracking file contents are provided in the illustrative embodiments. A content inode corresponding to a content is created, the content being in a file, the file being stored in a computer memory, and the file being locatable using a file system executing under an operating system in a data processing system. An operation, a component, an application, or a combination thereof, is detected operating with respect to the content. A descriptor and a location corresponding to the operation, the component, the application, or the combination thereof, is determined and added to the content inode. A location identifier corresponding to the location is added to the content inode. The content inode with the added descriptor and location identifier enables an application to learn about the operation, the component, the application, or the combination thereof, having operated with respect to the content.
US08392355B2	Computer software for visualizing genotyping data A computer system for visualizing recombination events in a group of individuals is provided. According to one aspect of the invention, high-density SNP genotype data is obtained from related individuals in a family. A pedigree is created, haplotypes are reconstructed and likely recombination breakpoints are identified with the use of publicly available computer programs. A software tool is then used facilitate the visualization of the recombination events in the family.
US08392349B2	Global adaptation atlas and method of creating same A method and system that provides an “atlas” on global adaptation providing mapping, analysis, and reporting for scientists and decision-makers, of the best-available science on climate impacts and up-to-date information on adaptation projects. The atlas may be web-based. A method of displaying climate change data includes: collecting existing climate data; consolidating the collected data by designed attribute categories; filtering the collected data by attribute(s); presenting climate data to a user based on selected attribute categories; and archiving climate data.
US08392344B2	Systems, devices, and methods for providing multiple services to premises over communication networks Methods, systems, and devices for providing one or more virtual networks for a plurality of services are disclosed. The device may include a secure access node coupled to a wide area communication network and a premises communication network. The secure access node may have a node software platform, one or more node processors, a node storage device, and one or more node communication interfaces. Further, the secure access node may receive a plurality of data packets through one of the one or more node communication interfaces. The node software platform may execute on one of the node processors and may include a node deep packet inspection engine, a node rules generation engine, a node rule check and notification generation engine, a node service segregation engine, a node communication software application, and a node service adapter software application.
US08392331B2	Hybrid secured credit card According to one or more aspects, financial transactions may be conducted using a financial card product, such as a hybrid secured credit card that permits transactions up to a predetermined total credit limit, and then allows transactions in excess using a security interest in assets. The asset may be the available balance in an interest-bearing checking account (e.g., a DDA account), a brokerage account, or other type of account that may hold funds/assets. The available balance of the asset(s) may be monitored in real-time (or near real-time) such that the available spending limit on the hybrid secured credit card may be floating (e.g., dynamic). In one example, backend systems may be configured to monitor in real-time an available balance in security accounts in order to prevent spending over the amount of secured funds. In addition, in some examples, more than one account may be associated with the card such that the total spending limit on the card is greater. The total spending limit may be calculated through arithmetic (e.g., sum) of the available balance of each of the associated accounts.
US08392330B2	Transfer account systems, computer program products, and computer-implemented methods to prioritize payments from preselected bank account A financial institution computer maintains one or more lists of account identifiers for accounts enrolled in a prioritized payment program including pre-authorization of certain payment requests by select creditors. The computer estimates a value of one or more prioritized payments associated with a first account and authorizes a first sweep payment to a second account at a second financial institution from a third stand-in account at a payroll processor, so that the estimated value is held back in the stand-in account. Then the computer receives an automatic deposit associated with an account identifier for a first account. The financial institution computer generates prioritized payments from the first account to select creditors and generates a second sweep payment, if necessary, from the first account to the second account, responsive to the incoming automatic deposit. The second account can be, for example, a demand deposit account or a prepaid card account.
US08392327B2	Mortgage matching system and method A computer-implemented method is disclosed for rewarding mortgage customers of a financial institution with a reward payment amount. The method includes providing enrollment in a mortgage matching system to eligible mortgage customers, wherein eligibility requirements include the requirement that eligible mortgage customers hold both a mortgage account and a checking account with the financial institution. The method additionally includes enabling the customer to make periodic mortgage payments from the checking account to the mortgage account and monitoring continued compliance with the eligibility requirements and submission of the periodic payments using a monitoring engine implemented by at least one computer processor. The method further includes determining a reward payment amount to be made by the financial institution to each complying mortgage customer using a fulfillment engine implemented by the at least one computer processor, wherein the reward payment amount is a predetermined percentage of principal and interest.
US08392326B2	Method and apparatus for payment processing using debit-based electronic funds transfer and disbursement processing using addendum-based electronic data interchange This disclosure describes a payment and disbursement system, wherein an initiator authorizes a payment and disbursement to a collector and the collector processes the payment and disbursement through an accumulator agency. The accumulator agency processes the payment as a debit-based transaction and processes the disbursement as an addendum-based transaction. The processing of a debit-based transaction generally occurs by electronic funds transfer (EFT) or by financial electronic data interchange (FEDI). The processing of an addendum-based transaction generally occurs by electronic data interchange (EDI).
US08392319B2	Controlling an order slicer for trading a financial instrument In one aspect, the present invention provides an order slicer that receives an order that to trade a financial instrument. The order associates a trading strategy with said order. The trading strategy is replaceable. In another aspect, an interface accepts a trading strategy of an order to trade a financial instrument. A transmitter transmits the trading strategy to an order slicer.
US08392318B2	Beehive planet method: collective property buying and mass securitization of real estate through a real estate buyer's club brokerage service and a real estate securities exchange Beehive Planet Method is a computerized method spanning Real Estate and Finance fields. It creates an investment avenue for the registered investor base of a real estate brokerage through mass securitization of investment real estate into single property, no to low leverage, tradable securities created through the brokerage's services leading to a new demand based trading environment where collective purchasing creates real estate securities in primary market that trade on an inseparably linked Securities Exchange in secondary market. It uses Property Management standardization with operation and leverage classifications and exchange determined valuations and limits to convert single properties into tradable financial instruments. Complete computerization with automated property selection and collective purchasing conduct data transformation of investment criteria within buyer groups into trade transactions on an electronic exchange. Finally, it fills a void by opening up large scale investment in properties with complete investor control over choice of invested property.
US08392313B2	Financial options system and method A method and system that allows the valuation of financial, exotic, employee, and strategic real options using a family of highly flexible and customizable lattices, where the method can be used to solve real-life situations and conditions or to value financially engineered situations. The method uses specialized algorithms to solve complex and large models very quickly, and also allow simulation to be run on the inputs.
US08392305B2	System for automatically transferring account information, such as information regarding a financial services account A system for transferring a customer's account information from one account to a new account is described. The system utilizes a switch kit application and associated system that can determine services at the old account and facilitate the transfer of these services to the new account.
US08392297B2	Automotive core fulfillment system and method A system and method for facilitating acquisition of automotive core parts from automotive recyclers for remanufacture includes identifying automotive cores and determining the value of the cores with a core fulfillment system. The system identifies automotive cores for an auction house and uses an aggregate value of the cores to determine a value of a vehicle up for bidding. Vehicle or part type information is compared to automotive core descriptions, automotive interchange numbers, and core supplier indicators to identify the automotive cores. A core value is assigned to the identified automotive cores, and an aggregate value of core inventory is determined based upon a total of assigned core values. A vehicle evaluation page can be displayed to the bidder showing the identified automotive cores and an aggregate core value indicating an offer for purchase price that a core supplier will pay to the bidder for the vehicle up for bidding.
US08392290B2	Seller conversion factor to ranking score for presented item listings Various embodiments include a method and system for a seller conversion factor to ranking score for presented item listings. In an online marketplace with sellers and item listings, a first sum may be calculated by identifying a first set of item listings associated with the seller. A second sum may also be calculated by identifying a second set of item listings, where the second set is a subset of the first set and are successful item listings. Further, a conversion factor may be calculated from the first and second sums by dividing the second sum by the first sum. The conversion factor may then be used as a component in an item listing quality score for a third set of item listings associated with the seller.
US08392286B2	Electronic commerce rule-based multi-selection gifting A method for multi-selection gifting, including identifying a multi-selection gift, the multi-selection gift including a plurality of items of merchandise, and at least one selection rule governing selection of at least two of the items of merchandise, and interactively guiding a gift recipient in selecting at least one item of merchandise in accordance with the at least one selection rule, wherein each selection rule is a member of the group including allowing the gift recipient to select up to a specified total number of items of merchandise in the multi-selection gift, allowing the gift recipient to select items of merchandise in the multi-selection gift up to a specified total cost, and allowing the gift recipient to select items of merchandise in the multi-selection gift up to a specified total measure. A system and a computer-readable storage medium are also described and claimed.
US08392284B2	System and method for generating an alternative product recommendation A method and system for automatically generating a naturally reading narrative product summary including assertions about a selected product. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of determining at least one attribute associated with said specific product; selecting an alternative product based on said at least one attribute; and generating a naturally reading narrative including assertions about the specific product and a recommendation of the alternative product.
US08392267B1	System, method, and software application for dynamically generating a link to an online procurement site within a software application The present invention provides a system, method, and software application for providing a link to an online procurement site from within a supported software application. In one embodiment, when a user starts up a supported software application on a client computer, the client computer sends a request to a server for the Universal Resource Locator (URL) to use in the link. The server, which may be a server associated with a software vendor or the supported client application, determines whether or not the user of the client computer is associated with a business that has a procurement site from which the user can purchase a related application. If the server determines that the user is associated with a business that has a procurement site from which the user can purchase a related software application, then the server provides the client computer with the URL for the procurement site, and the supported client application generates a link to the procurement site.
US08392256B2	System and method for identifying and retrieving targeted advertisements or other related documents A computer system, computer program, and related methods product for selecting one or more targeted advertisements to be displayed along with a set of search results. In general, a computer system and database storage system store one or more campaigns associated with a set of documents and at least one advertisement. The computer system is programmed with an ad targeting module to: identify all campaigns that have at least one document relating to a search result set; analyze the search results set to calculate at least one intersection score between the search result set and at least one of the one or more campaigns; select a matching campaign from the one or more campaigns based on the at least one intersection score, select at least one advertisement from the matching campaign; and cause the at least one advertisement selected from the matching campaign to be displayed with the search result set.
US08392252B2	Scientific targeting for advertisement and content selection, distribution, and creation The invention is a computer-aided method of optimizing advertisements and content by grouping viewers into scientific segments, optimizing an advertisement and pieces of content by scientific segments, selecting an advertisement or content to display to a scientific segment, and creating a scientific targeted advertisement or piece of content.
US08392246B2	Advertiser ad review A review for a content publisher is received, the content publisher publishing content to which advertisements are targeted over a distribution network. An aggregated approval score for the content publisher is generated based on the received review and other reviews for the content publisher. The aggregated approval score is provide to an advertiser. An indication to accept or reject the targeting of the advertisements to the publisher content is received, the indication being received after providing the aggregated approval score to the advertiser.
US08392244B1	Direct onscreen advertising of pharmaceuticals targeted by patient diagnoses within the confines of a medical records software system A method of diagnosis-specific advertisement within a prescription writing software system to enable prescription companies to purchase specific diagnoses for which to have their prescription products advertised.
US08392237B2	Compliance methodology Methods, computer readable media, and apparatuses for evaluating compliance with laws, regulations, and/or policies are presented. A metric definition for a metric may be received, the metric measuring an aspect of a business process. The measured aspect may represent a compliance concern. A first sigma score for the metric may be determined based on a number of opportunities and a number of defects. A second sigma score for the business process may be determined. A third sigma score for a business unit may be determined, the business unit implementing the business process. A fourth sigma score for a business segment may be determined, the business segment managing the business unit. A report may be generated, the report including the first sigma score, the second sigma score, the third sigma score, and the fourth sigma score.
US08392223B2	System for communication of health care data An apparatus for communicating health care data from a sender to a receiver is provided. The apparatus has a first computer system, a second computer system, and a rules engine. The first computer system has health care data stored therein. The second computer system is in operable communication with, and is configured to extract the health care data from, the first computer system. The rules engine normalizes the extracted health care data to a predefined format.
US08392221B1	Method of providing health care insurance to consumers A method of providing insurance (including professional malpractice liability insurance) to consumers against unfavorable outcomes resulting from services, methods of rating risks associated with services, and a method of reducing the risk of unfavorable outcomes. In the twelfth preferred embodiment, hand-held (or other) electronic data processing devices are used throughout a process of providing health insurance. The patient (or another person) inputs initial information into the device. The cost of insurance for a first office visit is determined, and a menu of coverages is outputted. The patient then selects a particular coverage for a first office visit, and pays the premium for it. The doctor (or other health care provider) then evaluates the patient. Complete information is then inputted. The cost of insurance for one year is then determined, and a menu of coverages is outputted. The patient then selects a particular coverage for one year, and pays its premium.
US08392217B2	Disease management system and method including preview mode A system and method for allowing a patient to access an automated process for managing a specified health problem called a disease. The system performs disease management in a fully automated manner, using periodic interactive dialogs with the patient to obtain health state measurements from the patient, to evaluate and assess the progress of the patient's disease, to review and adjust therapy to optimal levels, and to give the patient medical advice for administering treatment and handling symptom flare-ups and acute episodes of the disease. The medical records are updated, the progression of the disease is stored and tracked, and the patient's preferences for treatment are stored and then used to offer medical advice based on the current state of the disease. A prestored general disease trend curve is compared against a patient specific disease trend curve, and the system makes an automated response such as adjusting therapy.
US08392212B2	Medical claims fraud prevention system including patient identification interface feature and associated methods A medical claim fraud prevention system includes a first controller positioned at a medical facility and including a user interface and a second controller positioned at a patient information collection center and adapted to be in communication with the first controller. The first controller may send a first signal to the second controller responsive to an occurrence of a predetermined event. The second controller may request identification information from a patient in response to the first signal received from the first controller, and the patient may enter the identification information using the user interface in communication with the second controller to verify their location. The second controller may transmit an indication to the first controller in response to the first signal received from the first controller regarding whether the patient is within a predetermined vicinity of the medical facility based on the identification information entered by the user using the user interface to verify their location.
US08392211B2	Medical claims fraud prevention system including patient call initiating feature and associated methods A medical claim fraud prevention system includes a first controller positioned at a medical facility and a second controller positioned at a patient information collection center and adapted to be in communication with the first controller. The first controller may transmit a first signal to the second controller responsive to an occurrence of a predetermined event. The second controller may initiate contact with a patient via the patient's mobile phone in response to the first signal received from the first controller, and the patient may be prompted to enter predetermined information to verify their location. The second controller may transmit an indication to the first controller in response to the first signal received from the first controller regarding whether the patient is within a predetermined vicinity of the medical facility based on the predetermined information entered by the patient to verify their location.
US08392207B2	Method and system for managing appeals A system and method for managing insurance claim denials. The system and method reviews a denial of claim from an insurer and a patient medical record received from a healthcare provider to determine if an appeal should be filed for the denial. It prepares an appeal to the denial comprising an appeals overturn letter and supporting document and submits the appeal to the insurer if it determines that an appeal should be filed. The system then tracks and monitors the progress of the appeal and process the appeal determination received from the insurer. The system utilizes these tracking and monitoring information to streamline and improve the insurance claim process of the healthcare provider, such as developing and implementing claim denial reduction program.
US08392205B2	Personalized plan development based on one or more reported aspects' association with one or more source users A computationally implemented method includes, but is not limited to: providing one or more relevant reported aspects associated with one or more source users that are relevant to achieving one or more target outcomes, the providing of the one or more relevant reported aspects being based, at least in part, on the one or more relevant reported aspects' association with the one or more source users; and developing one or more personalized plans designed to facilitate an end user to achieve the one or more target outcomes when one or more emulatable aspects indicated by the one or more personalized plans are emulated, the development of the one or more personalized plans being based, at least in part, on the providing In addition to the foregoing, other method aspects are described in the claims, drawings, and text forming a part of the present disclosure.
US08392195B2	Multiple audio/video data stream simulation A multiple audio/video data stream simulation method and system. A computing system receives first audio and/or video data streams. The first audio and/or video data streams include data associated with a first person and a second person. The computing system monitors the first audio and/or video data streams. The computing system identifies emotional attributes comprised by the first audio and/or video data streams. The computing system generates second audio and/or video data streams associated with the first audio and/or video data streams. The second audio and/or video data streams include the first audio and/or video data streams data without the emotional attributes. The computing system stores the second audio and/or video data streams.
US08392190B2	Systems and methods for assessment of non-native spontaneous speech Computer-implemented systems and methods are provided for assessing non-native spontaneous speech pronunciation. Speech recognition on digitized speech is performed using a non-native acoustic model trained with non-native speech to generate word hypotheses for the digitized speech. Time alignment is performed between the digitized speech and the word hypotheses using a reference acoustic model trained with native-quality speech. Statistics are calculated regarding individual words and phonemes in the word hypotheses based on the alignment. A plurality of features for use in assessing pronunciation of the speech are calculated based on the statistics, an assessment score is calculated based on one or more of the calculated features, and the assessment score is stored in a computer-readable memory.
US08392181B2	Subtraction of a shaped component of a noise reduction spectrum from a combined signal A system and methods of subtraction of a shaped component of a noise reduction spectrum from a combined signal are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method includes identifying a selected frequency component using a corresponding frequency component of a noise sample spectrum. A noise set is comprised of the noise sample spectrum. The method further includes forming a shaped component of a noise reduction spectrum using a processor and a memory based on a combined signal spectrum and the selected frequency component. The method also includes subtracting the shaped component of the noise reduction spectrum from the combined signal spectrum.
US08392177B2	Method and apparatus for frequency encoding, and method and apparatus for frequency decoding Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding the frequency of a continuation sinusoidal signal and a method and apparatus for decoding the same. In the encoding method, a continuation sinusoidal signal successive to a sinusoidal signal in a previous section is extracted from a current section; a frequency of the continuation sinusoidal signal at the boundary between the current and previous sections is changed to a first frequency, based on representative frequencies of the continuation sinusoidal signal and at least one sinusoidal signal that belongs to a section adjacent to the current section and is successive to the continuation sinusoidal signal; and the first frequency is encoded.
US08392176B2	Processing of excitation in audio coding and decoding In an apparatus and method, time-varying signals are processed and encoded via a frequency domain linear prediction (FDLP) scheme to arrive at an all-pole model. Residual signals resulted from the scheme are estimated and transformed into a time domain signal. Through the process of heterodyning, the time domain signal is frequency shifted toward the baseband level as a downshifted carrier signal. Quantized values of the all-pole model and the frequency transform of the downshifted carrier signal are packetized as encoded signals suitable for transmission or storage. To reconstruct the time-varying signals, the encoded signals are decoded. The decoding process is basically the reverse of the encoding process.
US08392175B2	Phrase-based document clustering with automatic phrase extraction Meaningful phrases are distinguished from chance word sequences statistically, by analyzing a large number of documents and using a statistical metric such as a mutual information metric to distinguish meaningful phrases from groups of words that co-occur by chance. In some embodiments, multiple lists of candidate phrases are maintained to optimize the storage requirement of the phrase-identification algorithm. After phrase identification, a combination of words and meaningful phrases can be used to construct clusters of documents.
US08392170B2	Emulation system and method for a no longer available microcontroller An emulation system and emulation method for a no longer available microcontroller, having a supplyable microcontroller and emulation software able to be run thereon, and having an interpreter, the emulation software forming a software layer between the hardware of the available microcontroller and an operating software of the no longer available microcontroller, and the software being adapted in such a way that the hardware of the available microcontroller in conjunction with the additional emulation software behaves like the hardware of the no longer available microcontroller, and the interpreter is adapted in order to represent address, code and data information of the operating software of the no longer available microcontroller to functionally equivalent address, code and data information of the available microcontroller.
US08392155B2	Particle behavior analysis system, information processing system, and computer readable medium A particle behavior analysis system includes a calculation section that, regarding a decomposition portion decomposed in accordance with a decomposition method in a range to be analyzed, considers interaction force with another substance that acts on a particle and calculates behavior of the particle, while performing information communication with other devices; and an output processing section that switches output advisability of an analysis result obtained by the calculation section based on priority of the decomposition portion corresponding to the advisability of output processing of the analysis result.
US08392152B2	Early detection of disease outbreak using electronic patient data to reduce public health threat from bio-terrorism A method is provided for automatically identifying a disease outbreak indicative of a potential bio-terror attack. Patient records are mined from structured and unstructured clinical sources. The patient records are then analyzed by correlating selected patient data contained in the patient records with disease indicia for each of a plurality of diseases. A probability of a disease outbreak is estimated at least in part based on these correlations. Suspicion may also be indicated if anomalous disease clusters are found. If any of the estimated probabilities exceeds a threshold value, a disease outbreak alert is outputted. The disease indicia may be defined by disease progression models, which may be stored in a disease knowledge base.
US08392139B2	Multi-point calibration method for the depth of a horizontal directional drilling guiding instrument A multi-point calibration method for the depth of a horizontal directional drilling guiding instrument comprises: maintaining a constant power output of a normal power transmitter in a specific power supply condition; selecting at least two depth calibrations; receiving a signal transmitted from a transmitter and an intensity of a signal at a depth calibration position by a receiving instrument; performing a signal shaping and an analog/digital conversion to the signal received by a signal receiving instrument; and entering the signal into a central digital signal processor, and performing a depth calibration by any compensation method to obtain a required measuring depth. The invention improves the accuracy of the depth measurement of the horizontal directional drilling guiding instrument by using a plurality of compensation methods to compensate any error caused by the electric fields and environmental noises and occurred in the depth measurement of horizontal directional drilling guiding instrument.
US08392131B2	Portable electronic device and method for controlling the same Provided are a portable electronic device which accurately judges service life of a battery even when the battery is replaced, and a method for controlling such portable electronic device. A control block (48) is provided with a voltage measuring section (100), which is connected to a rechargeable battery (32) and measures a voltage value of the rechargeable battery (32); and a control section (101), which measures the voltage of the rechargeable battery (32) by means of the voltage measuring section (100) each time recharging of the rechargeable battery (32) is started and ended, and controls to store recharge count information specified based on the measured voltage value in a storage section (42). The control section (101) performs prescribed information updating, based on the recharge count information, in the case where the recharge count information is acquired by means of an information acquiring section (49) which acquires the recharge count information relating to the rechargeable battery (32) from the external.
US08392119B2	Analysis of subsurface electromagnetic data through inversion with constrained casing correction coefficients Methods and related systems are described for analyzing electromagnetic survey data. Electromagnetic survey data of a subterranean formation is obtained using at least a downhole transceiver deployed in a borehole and a transceiver positioned on the surface, or in the same or another borehole. Limits are defined for casing correction coefficients that account for effects of the borehole casing. A constrained inversion process is performed solving for the casing correction coefficients within the defined limits, and for one or more parameters of a model representing attributes, such as resistivity, of the subterranean formation.
US08392118B2	System and method for locating a vehicle The invention comprises a method of locating a vehicle, comprising: a) connecting a removable locator device to the vehicle, said locator device automatically noting when it has been connected to the vehicle and then using locating technology to retrieve, at regular intervals, location coordinates for the current location of said locator device, said location coordinates approximating the location of the vehicle; b) sensing a loss of connection between the locator device and the vehicle; c) automatically storing, as a waypoint on the locator device, the last location coordinates retrieved prior to sensing said loss of connection; and, d) removing the locator device from the vehicle to enable use of the locator device to return to the stored waypoint, wherein the stored waypoint represents the approximate location of the vehicle.
US08392115B2	Road surface division mark recognition apparatus, and lane departure prevention apparatus A road surface division mark recognition apparatus includes: a vehicle-mounted camera that takes an image of a road surface ahead of a vehicle; an image processing portion which has a plurality of image processing modes that correspond respectively to a plurality of kinds of road surface division marks, and which recognizes a road surface division mark in a selected image processing mode; a temperature measurement portion that measures the temperature of the vehicle-mounted camera; and a restriction portion that restricts the action of the vehicle-mounted camera if the temperature measured by the temperature measurement portion is higher than or equal to a threshold value. The threshold value differs between the image processing modes.
US08392114B2	Map display system and method Provided are a computer system and methods related to a map display. A method includes but is not limited to receiving a request for the map, the map illustrating one or more locations; determining a status associated with at least one of the one or more locations on the map, the status being a function of one or more location interaction rules associated with the at least one of the one or more locations on the map; and generating a signal related to indicating on the map the status associated with the at least one of the one or more locations.
US08392109B2	Methodology and system for routing optimization in GPS-based Navigation, combining dynamic traffic data Disclosed is a methodology for the collection, processing and distribution of traffic data and delivering more accurate routing in GPS-based Personal Navigation Assistants (PNAs). The methodology includes a) Data Collection Methodology (DCM), b) a Data Incorporation Methodology (DIM), and c) a Routing Methodology (RM). The DCM regards the collection of information related to the traffic flow in each road. The DIM includes a procedure executed at a central system (CS), outside the PNA, performing the incorporation of the “trace data” (i.e. user-submitted route-related information, including a list of periodically collected, time-stamped GPS samples, augmented with other parameter values defining the vehicle-type, weather-conditions, road-type, holiday-type), collected by the DCM. The RM determines, by means of suitable PNA software, the shortest route from a starting point to a final destination, through the combining the static data from existing maps residing inside the PNA, with the dynamic (time-variant) data derived by the DIM.
US08392108B2	Apparatus and method for allocating a current measurement value for a geographical position to a map object An apparatus for allocating a current measurement value for a geographical position to a map object of a geographical map, wherein the current measurement value originates from a series of adjacent measurement values for adjacent geographical positions, having a processor for determining a first probability measure indicating whether the current measurement value can be allocated to a first map object to which at least one adjacent measurement value of the series has already been allocated previously, and for determining a second probability measure indicating whether the current measurement value can be allocated to a second map object having an intersection with the first map object, if the first probability measure indicates that an allocation of the current measurement value to the first map object is unlikely.
US08392105B2	Method, system, and apparatus for operating a vehicle Operating a vehicle includes receiving, by a central controller, positional data related to the vehicle and environmental data related to a current route of the vehicle. The central controller calculates a desired energy allocation based on the positional data and the environmental data, and transmits the desired energy allocation to the vehicle for use in controlling engine function.
US08392096B2	Cylinder combustion performance monitoring and control An engine control system includes a disturbance module, a misfire threshold determination module, a disturbance ratio module, and a spark control module. The disturbance module determines a disturbance value for a past combustion stroke of a cylinder based on rotation of a crankshaft. The misfire threshold determination module determines a jerk value indicative of a misfire within the cylinder. The disturbance ratio module determines a disturbance ratio for the past combustion stroke based on the disturbance value and the jerk value. The spark control module determines a spark timing for a future combustion stroke of the cylinder, determines a spark timing correction for the future combustion stroke based on the disturbance ratio, determines a corrected spark timing based on the spark timing and the spark timing correction, and generates spark during the future combustion stroke based on the corrected spark timing.
US08392095B2	Spark ignition type internal combustion engine In an internal combustion engine, a variable compression ratio mechanism able to change a mechanical compression ratio, a variable valve timing mechanism able to control the closing timing of the intake valve, and an electronic control unit that predicts the temperature of the catalyst arranged in the engine exhaust passage are provided. When it is predicted that the temperature of the catalyst will fall to less than the activation temperature, the actual expansion ratio is lowered while maintaining the actual compression ratio the same or while increasing the actual compression ratio.
US08392069B2	Method for managing faults in a magneto-rheological hydraulic power steering system A system and method for managing faults occurring in a power steering system in a vehicle is disclosed that has particular application for an MRHPS system to provide reliable functioning of the power steering system. The method includes detecting a fault condition in the MRHPS system and selecting a safe mode from a plurality of predetermined safe modes based on the fault condition. The plurality of predetermined safe modes include a normal operation mode, an engine speed follow mode, a manual mode, a fixed duty cycle mode and a voltage control mode. If a fault condition is detected, the method applies the safe mode to manage the fault condition.
US08392066B2	Electric power-assist steering system An electric power-assist steering system that provides a steering assist control in accordance with the steering angle right after the idle stop to reduce an unpleasant steering feeling and is installed in a vehicle having an idle stop mechanism (engine controller) that automatically performs an idle stop operation in a predetermined condition. The electric power-assist steering system includes a torque sensor, a steering angle sensor for detecting a steering angle relative to a midpoint of a steering angle that is learned, an electric motor whose assist force is controlled based on the steering torque and the steering angle, and a resolver for detecting a rotational angle of the electric motor. A steering angle right after the idle stop is determined based on the steering angle detected by the steering angle sensor right before the idle stop and variation in the rotational angle detected by the resolver during the idle stop.
US08392053B2	Graphing device and method To display patient information, a computing device receives a set of diagnostic values for a patient, a processor of the computing device compares the set of diagnostic values with a set of predetermined normal values, and a video image is displayed having a graphical depiction of the diagnostic values in comparison to the related normal values. The related set of normal values is displayed at a predetermined region of the video image and the set of diagnostic values is displayed on the video image in relation to the certain region of the normal values. Varying levels of relative health of the patient are indicated according the placement of an icon relative to areas of the graphical depiction of the diagnostic values. The video image is a plurality of concentric circles with the diagnostic values being displayed relatively closer to a center of the display in response to the diagnostic values being relatively closer to the values of the related normal values.
US08392050B2	Vehicle load control device A vehicle load control device comprises a battery that supplies power to an electrical load of the vehicle; a battery sensor that detects a consumption state of the battery; and a control unit that cuts off power supply to the electrical load when the consumption state of the battery reaches a predetermined state. The control unit detects a consumption state of the battery at a relatively short first time interval, in a case where a consumption amount of the battery after the engine stops is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, and detects a consumption state of the battery at a relatively long second time interval, in a case where the consumption amount of the battery after the engine stops is less than a predetermined value, and cuts off power supply to the electrical load depending on the consumption state of the battery detected by the battery sensor.
US08392042B2	Method for driving a hybrid traction chain based on the battery charge state The control method for a hybrid drive system of a vehicle includes (1) acquiring the driver's acceleration desire for determining the power for the corresponding wheel (Pwheel), the charge level of the battery (SOC) between a minimum (SOCmin) and a maximum (SOCmax) thresholds for a predetermined traction mode, and the available braking power (Pfrein) for deciding between electric or dissipative braking; (2) managing the charge (SOC) for, based on a first (SOC1 bmin) and a second (SOC2 bmin) minimum thresholds of the charge (SOC) and the driver's requested wheel power (Pwheel), either imposing a battery recharge or setting input parameters for the traction mode selection; and (3) selecting the traction mode, based on the battery power actually available (Pbat), the driver's requested wheel power (Pwheel), and the maximum power available at the thermal engine output (Pmthmax), for selecting the traction mode most adapted to the actual situation of the vehicle.
US08392039B2	Method and system displaying crosswind correction for approach to a runway An aircraft display system (100) for illustrating a suggested crab angle has a processor (104) adapted to receive data representative of a desired ground tract (214) and representative of a ground tract deviation, and is configured upon receipt of these data to supply a ground tract rendering display command. A display device (116) coupled to receive the ground tract image rendering display commands is operable to render an icon (222) representative of the desired aircraft heading to maintain the desired ground tract (214). The method of how to maneuver an aircraft to correct for crosswind includes determining (306) a difference between a current ground track (224) and a current heading (218), determining a desired heading to maintain the desired ground track (214) based on the difference, and rendering on a display an aircraft icon (222) that is representative of the desired heading.
US08392037B2	Stabilized approach to a point in degraded visual environment A flight control system includes a fly by wire system operable to provide predictive termination point symbology overlaid on a synthetic imagery displayed by a display system in response to a control system and a sensor system. A method to facilitate a VTOL aircraft approach to a terminal point includes integrating a flight director mode with a control system to provide a stabilized approach path to a termination point.
US08392036B2	Point and go navigation system and method A remote operator console provides point and go navigation of a robotic vehicle. The remote operator console provides a display for visual representation of the environment in which the robotic vehicle is operating based on sensor information received from the robotic vehicle. An operator may designate a target point on the display. The robotic vehicle is automatically navigated toward a location in the environment corresponding to the designated target point.
US08392032B2	Method of heating target device in computer system A method is provided to heat a target device of a computer system by a heater equipped therein. The target device is heated to reach a target temperature through multiple temperature intervals. The method senses the current device temperature of the target device to compare with the preset interval temperature of the temperature interval and obtain a phase difference for adjusting a heating power. When heating the target device by the heating power, the current preset interval temperature of the current temperature interval is increased progressively by a preset temperature rising value to obtain the next preset interval temperature of the next temperature interval. Repeat the foregoing steps in every temperature interval until the preset interval temperature or the device temperature reaching the target temperature.
US08392030B2	System and method for control for regenerative energy generators A device and system that can dynamically provide variable load on a generator and intelligently distribute generated power to loads and energy storage devices is disclosed. One system includes load profile controllers that employ a switching strategy to dynamically vary the load the generator induces while producing regenerative energy. This switching strategy may allow for a wide dynamic range of configurable damping characteristics, as well as decouple generator damping and the system output power. Multiple load profile controllers can be used together via a communications network, such as a vehicle controller area network (CAN) bus. A central regeneration controller or existing electronic control unit (ECU) can issue commands to change damping performance in different load profile controllers. By networking multiple load profile controllers together in either a distributed or centralized manner, the system may allow for intelligent power routing, coordination of multiple energy-generating devices (such as regenerative shocks and brakes), and improved utilization of on-board energy storage devices.
US08392025B2	Architectural dynamic control: intelligent environmental control and feedback system for architectural settings including offices A smart, adaptive control system that monitors and influences physical conditions of an architectural setting. The architectural setting in which the system is deployed typically includes a plurality of private spaces and at least one community space. The individual private spaces, and the community spaces, may include an environmental control device that affects one or more physical conditions of the individual private space. Each private space may also include an environmental sensor that measures a particular physical condition of the private space. The private spaces may also include one or more occupant sensors, which measure either behavioral or physiological parameters of an occupant. The environmental control devices, environmental sensors, and occupant sensors are in communication with a computer. The computer is also in communication with a database, which houses a data set that describes how to best modify the physical conditions of the architectural setting.
US08392023B2	Photo-interrupter based force sensing handle and method of use A robotic system includes a robot for moving a payload in response to a calculated input force. Sensors in respective sensor housings are connected to a handle, each sensor including a light emitter and receiver. The sensors measure a light beam received by a respective receiver. A controller calculates the calculated input force using received light. Each sensor housing modifies an interruption of the light beam in a sensor when the actual input force is applied, and the controller controls the robot using the calculated input force. A method of controlling the robot includes emitting the light beam, flexing a portion of the sensor housing(s) using the actual input force to interrupt the light beam, and using a host machine to calculate the calculated input force as a function of the portion of the light beam received by the light receiver. The robot is controlled using the calculated input force.
US08392017B2	Apparatus and method for grouping units Apparatus for grouping a number of units, such as packaging units, when palleting the units, comprising a feed belt for conveying the units (10) and a grouping belt, which defines a grouping plane, said feed and grouping belts being driven for movement parallel to one another, and a robot, which is designed to group the units by positioning and orienting the units on the grouping plane. At least one part of the feed belt (1) runs beside and adjacent to the grouping belt (2). The robot (3) is a multi-axial industrial robot having a robotic arm on which a pusher element (5) is arranged, rotatable about an axis (6) perpendicular to the grouping plane, in order to allow the transfer of at least one unit from the feed belt to the grouping belt under a pushing action supplied by the pushing element, together with orientation and positioning of the unit on the grouping belt.
US08392012B2	Multiple libraries for spectrographic monitoring of zones of a substrate during processing A computer-implemented method includes receiving a first sequence of current spectra of reflected light from a first zone of a substrate. A second sequence of current spectra of reflected light from a second zone of the substrate is received. Each current spectrum from the first sequence of current spectra is compared to a plurality of reference spectra from a first reference spectra library to generate a first sequence of best-match reference spectra. Each current spectrum from the second sequence of current spectra is compared to a plurality of reference spectra from a second reference spectra library to generate a second sequence of best-match reference spectra. The second reference spectra library is distinct from the first reference spectra library.
US08392011B2	Semiconductor wafer processing tape winding body, semiconductor wafer processing tape sticking apparatus and semiconductor wafer processing apparatus that use the semiconductor wafer processing tape winding body A semiconductor wafer processing tape sticking apparatus is provided and is capable of sticking a semiconductor wafer processing tape to a semiconductor wafer under the optimum conditions based on the processing data that has been written to a data carrier member and that has been read from the data carrier member without accessing the host computer unlike a conventional method. The semiconductor wafer processing tape sticking apparatus includes: a feeding apparatus provided with a feeding shaft to which a semiconductor wafer processing tape winding body can be detachably attached; a tape data read/write device for reading and writing the processing data that has been written to a data carrier member of the semiconductor wafer processing tape winding body; and a tape sticking apparatus for sticking a semiconductor wafer processing tape that has been fed out from the feeding apparatus to the semiconductor wafer based on the processing data that has been read by the tape data read/write device.
US08392008B2	Module arbitration and ownership enhancements Arbitrating access to industrial resources as a function of controller identify is provided herein. For example, a unique identifier can be associated with a control module that can distinguish the module from other components of a system. Upon receiving a request to control a resource, the identifier of the requesting module can be associated with that resource. In a case of multiple requests, an arbitrated ID can be chosen and added to an owner queue. The chosen ID is then published and, if the published identifier matches the module identifier, the module can assume control of the resource; if not, the module's request is placed into a request queue for further arbitration. The subject innovation provides for generally applicable arbitration that can reduce redundant code crafted for each module of a system, greatly reducing overhead costs associated with such redundancy.
US08392006B2	Detecting if an audio stream is monophonic or polyphonic The disclosed technology provides for determining whether an audio stream is monophonic or polyphonic. An exemplary method includes analyzing and detecting frequency peaks in a portion of the audio stream. The method includes determining whether the portion of the audio stream is monophonic, by determining if all detected peaks are integer intervals of a lowest detected frequency peak. The method then includes determining that the audio stream portion is monophonic if a greatest common devisor frequency exists between a threshold frequency and the lowest detected frequency peak, wherein each detected peak is an integer multiple of the greatest common devisor frequency. The method includes determining that the portion of the audio stream is polyphonic if any one of the detected peaks is not substantially an integer multiple of the lowest detected frequency and if no greatest common devisor frequency exists between the threshold frequency and the lowest detected frequency peak.
US08392002B2	Hybrid machine control incorporating fast-tool servos Presently disclosed is a method and system for processing standard part description programs in real time into the tool position control data appropriate to a CNC machine's standard and high bandwidth mechanisms, respectively. The result is precise tool tip control that tracks the programmed path at all times while maintaining the appropriate feed rates and accelerations for each type of mechanism. In one exemplary embodiment, a hybrid mechanism employing a high bandwidth mechanism mounted on and moved by a standard mechanism is employed. The command vector for the high-bandwidth mechanism is computed by subtracting the tool tip vector filtered to comprise only the tool tip positions and trajectories realizable by the standard mechanism from an ideal tool tip trajectory vector that represents the complete programmed path. These calculations produce a synchronous set of movements for both standard and high bandwidth mechanisms.
US08391993B2	Using interaction to measure neural excitation Assessment of neuron excitation is implemented by quantifying the interaction between focused and unfocused stimulation applied to a cochlear array. By applying focused and unfocused stimulation to the electrode array and comparing the difference in the responses to the two types of stimulation the interaction may be determined. The magnitude of the interaction may be related to neural excitation and using this data a neural excitation profile may be determined.
US08391990B2	Modular antitachyarrhythmia therapy system This document discusses, among other things, a modular antitachyarrhythmia therapy system. In an example, a modular antitachyarrhythmia system includes at least two separate modules that coordinate delivery an antitachyarrhythmia therapy, such as a defibrillation therapy. In another example, a modular antitachyarrhythmia therapy system includes a sensing module, an analysis module, and a therapy module.
US08391978B2	Method and apparatus for adjusting sensitivity using intracardiac pressure data A method and apparatus for adjusting the electrogram (EGM) sensitivity level of an implantable medical device using intracardiac pressure data. An EGM is monitored to detect electrical events and intracardiac pressure is monitored to detect pressure waves. The electrical waves and pressure waves are analyzed to determine the presence of a one-to-one correlation, with the absence of a one-to-one correlation indicating the need to adjust the sensitivity level.
US08391977B2	Measurement of cardiac information for CRT optimziation in the presence of conduction dysfunction or atrial arrhythmia An exemplary method includes delivering a cardiac pacing therapy that includes an atrio-ventricular delay and an interventricular delay, providing a paced propagation delay associated with delivery of a stimulus to a ventricle, delivering a stimulus to the ventricle, sensing an event in the other ventricle caused by the stimulus, determining an interventricular conduction delay value based on the delivering and the sensing, determining a interventricular delay (ΔSur) based on the interventricular conduction delay and the paced propagation delay and determining an atrio-ventricular delay based at least in part on the interventricular delay (ΔSur). Other exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., are also disclosed.
US08391974B2	Apparatus and method for pacing mode switching during atrial tachyarrhythmias A method for operating a cardiac pacemaker in which the mode of operation of the pacemaker is altered in response to detecting an episode of atrial tachycardia. In accordance with the invention, the pacemaker's pacing mode is altered in a manner that attempts to maintain hemodynamic stability during the atrial tachycardia. Such a mode switch is particularly applicable to pacemaker patients suffering from some degree of congestive heart failure.
US08391970B2	Devices and methods for inhibiting granulocyte activation by neural stimulation Described herein are methods, devices and systems for inhibition of granulocyte activation by appropriate stimulation of the vagus nerve. Methods of treating granulocyte-mediated disorders (including inflammatory disorders) by stimulating the vagus nerve to inhibit granulocyte activation (particularly neutrophil activation) are also described. Appropriate stimulation may be very low levels of stimulation, including stimulation that does not result in desensitization. The level of granulocyte activation may be detected and used to at least partially control stimulation.
US08391967B2	Body-based monitoring of brain electrical activity Apparatus and methods for monitoring electrical activity within the brain of a person (“brainwaves”) employing electrodes or other sensors connected or placed proximate to portions of the body below the head to develop raw signals. The raw signals are filtered to produce analysis signals including frequency components relevant to brain electrical activity while attenuating unrelated frequency components. Purposes include but are not limited to, biofeedback-based attention training, human performance training, gaming, and relaxation training. Either wired or wireless signal connections are made to electronic circuitry, typically including a digital computer, for performing signal processing and analysis functions.
US08391965B2	Determining the position of an electrode relative to an insulative cover A volume of a patient can be mapped with a system operable to identify a plurality of locations and save a plurality of locations of a mapping instrument. The mapping instrument can include one or more electrodes that can sense a voltage that can be correlated to a three dimensional location of the electrode at the time of the sensing or measurement. Therefore, a map of a volume can be determined based upon the sensing of the plurality of points without the use of other imaging devices. An implantable medical device can then be navigated relative to the mapping data.
US08391964B2	Detecting electrical conduction abnormalities in a heart Techniques are described for detecting conduction abnormalities in a heart of a patient. In particular, an IMD may be configured to obtain electrical signals corresponding to cardiac activity of the heart of the patient and periodically analyze a most recent electrical signal of the obtained electrical signals to detect an electrical conduction abnormality of the heart. The IMD adjusts a frequency at which the most recent electrical signal is analyzed based on at least one physiological parameter of the patient. For example, the IMD may increase the frequency at which the most recent electrical signal is analyzed when a heart rate parameter has significantly changed and the number of detected premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) is greater than or equal to a threshold number. In this manner, the most recent electrical signal is analyzed at a higher frequency in situations in which conduction abnormalities are more likely.
US08391959B2	Composition for improving efficiency of drug delivery Method and composition suitable for administering by direct convective interstitial infusion are disclosed. The method comprises: placing at least one direct convective interstitial infusion catheter in contact with the tissue, and pressuring the composition through the catheter. The composition is in a liquefied form having a viscosity above a predetermined value. The predetermined value is selected so as to improve infusion of the compositions into interstitial volumes of the tissue, while minimizing backflow of the compositions along an outer wall of the catheter or leakage into low resistance paths. It is demonstrated that high viscosity results in higher treatment efficiency.
US08391949B2	Systems and methods for determining the electrical activity of a material A system and method to map a biological tissue of alternating electrical polarity having a boundary between a depolarized portion and a polarized portion is provided. The system includes a computer, a transducer probe, and a receiver. The transducer probe is in communication with the computer and configured to transmit acoustic waves at a frequency through the biological tissue of alternating electrical polarity. The receiver is in communication with the computer and operable to detect a variation in an electrical activity at approximately the frequency of the acoustic waves. The computer creates a display of at least a portion of the variation in the electrical activity at approximately the frequency of the acoustic waves.
US08391946B2	Device and method for accurately measuring concentration of blood component In a measurement computation device arranged in a measurement device, an elapse of a predetermined time is detected after acceleration of perspiration, and a concentration of a first component in the perspiration obtained thereafter is converted to concentration of the first component in blood.
US08391941B2	System and method for memory switching for multiple configuration medical sensor A system is provided that includes a monitor, a multiple configuration sensor having a first configuration and a second configuration, and a sensor connector. The sensor connector includes a first memory device and a second memory device, such that the first memory device is accessible by the monitor in the first sensor configuration and the second memory device is accessible by the monitor in the second sensor configuration. Another system is provided that includes a sensor adaptor having a processing circuit that reads a memory of a multiple configuration sensor and provides a first set of calibration data of a first sensor configuration and a second set of calibration data for a second sensor configuration.
US08391934B1	Customized hardware selection for a mobile phone A mobile phone is provided. The mobile phone includes a shell and a hardware component coupled to the shell, wherein the hardware component is selected from a set of interchangeable components having substantially the same size but different functions.
US08391931B2	Mobile communication terminal and communication method A mobile communication terminal and a communication method are provided which can reduce consumed power at the time of intermittent reception operation. The mobile communication terminal according to the present invention includes a RAM, an internal memory operable in a higher speed then the RAM, an arithmetic processing unit for performing a communication operation by using a communication program loaded in the RAM, an intermittent control unit, and a storage unit for storing an intermittent operation program. The intermittent control unit transfers the intermittent operation program stored in the storage unit to the internal memory in response to an intermittent operation start signal issued from the communication arithmetic processing unit. The communication arithmetic processing unit stops the communication operation when the transfer is completed and performs the intermittent reception operation by using the intermittent operation program stored in the internal memory.
US08391928B2	Simultaneously multi-networked handheld multimedia gateways A user may simultaneously access sources of multimedia information via multiple wireless networks using a handheld multimedia gateway. A user interface may support the selection of information services that are each provided separate, but possibly overlapping, viewing spaces. Circuitry in the multimedia gateway manages the operation of the multiple wireless communication paths, and enables the display of visual information through two or more display devices. The user may customize the display, the size, and the location within a display of regions in which the information is presented.
US08391927B2	Multiple mode RF transceiver and antenna structure An antenna structure includes first and second antennas. The first antenna has a first geometry corresponding to a first frequency. The second antenna has a second geometry corresponding to a second frequency. The second antenna is proximal to the first antenna and utilizes electrical-magnetic properties of the first antenna to transceive signals at the second frequency.
US08391924B2	Add-on device for a network device A system for connecting an add-on device to a network device is provided. The system includes a network device, an additional network module, and a socket cover. The additional network module may be disposed in an add-on module of the network device. The add-on module may be separate from a network module that supports a network device circuit of the network device. The socket cover may include an add-on device that is operated by the additional network module.
US08391917B2	Dual standby mobile communication terminal and system access method for the same Disclosed is a mobile communication terminal and system access method for supporting a dual-standby mode, that can access at least two radio communication systems for receiving a system access request signal and attempting, when the system access request signal is received, to access a system of a preset system preference mode.
US08391905B2	Mobile communication method and mobile station A mobile communication method according to the present invention includes the steps of: transmitting, from a mobile station (UE) to a radio base station (eNB), a connection re-establishment request signal to re-establish the connection between the radio base station (eNB) and the mobile station (UE), when the mobile station (UE) detects a failure in the connection; and transmitting, from the mobile station (UE) to the radio base station (eNB), a connection reconfiguration completion signal notifying that processing corresponding to a connection reconfiguration signal is completed, when the mobile station (UE) receives the connection reconfiguration signal from the radio base station (eNB), and when the connection reconfiguration signal contains a release request of a data radio bearer which is not established between the mobile station (UE) and the radio base station (eNB).
US08391903B2	Initialization method and operating method for a wireless network An initialization method for a wireless network is disclosed with at least one receiver node and/or switching node and transmitter node in which one transmitter node is allocated to at least one receiver node. An operating method is also disclosed for a wireless network with at least one receiver node and/or switching node and transmitter node. At least one allocation is made between a transmitter node and a receiver node after such an initialization method with the steps of: transmission of a wireless message at the transmitter node, reception of the wireless message at one or more switching nodes, and if the switching node is not the receiver node, transmission of the wireless message at the switching node and reception of the message at the preset receiver node.
US08391895B2	Method and apparatus for providing location-based information A method and apparatus for providing location-based information to a wireless communication device is disclosed. The wireless communication device receives its geographic position information and provides its geographic position information to a web server while accessing a web service provided by the web server. Based on the geographic position information received from the wireless communication device, the web server provides geographic coordinates of locations relevant to the web service in the form of web geo-cookies. The wireless communication device maintains a database of the received geographic coordinates. When the wireless communication accesses a geographic map of a route or region, the wireless communication device determines if the geographic coordinates in the database lie within boundaries of the accessed map. The geographic coordinates that lie within boundaries of the received map are annotated and displayed on the wireless communication device.
US08391884B2	System and method for managing created location contexts in a location server A system and method for handling a location request for a target device using a location uniform resource identifier (“URI”). A location request may be received for a target device from a requesting entity, the target device having a location context information represented by a location URI and including starting information, initial validating information and policy information. The form of the location URI may be verified by a location information server (“LIS”), the form including at least an encrypted context string. This string may be extracted and decrypted by the LIS and it may be determined whether the request can continue as a function of the policy information. If the request can continue, then an estimated location of the target device may be determined as a function of the starting information. Additional validating information may be collected and correlated the initial validating information. If these validating information correlate, then the estimated location of the target device may be provided to the requesting entity.
US08391880B2	Broad quality of service optimization using policy-based selective quality degradation Devices, methods and computer-readable media for providing broad quality of service optimization using policy-based selective quality degradation. Data associated with a quality of service for customers and QoS policy rules are stored. Customers are grouped for potential degradation. Levels of degradation are defined for each type of user device. Degradation for the group of customers is optimized using policy rules. Degradation is adjusted to account for variations in user treatment within the group. The adjusted degradation is then implemented.
US08391874B2	Method for updating location of user equipment A method for updating location of a user equipment in a cellular system is disclosed. The method comprises the user equipment receiving route update radius information 220. The user equipment further calculates a route update radius from the received route update radius information 230 by using a random number generated by the user equipment. The user equipment then transmits the calculated route update radius to a cellular network 240. Alternatively, the method comprises the cellular network receiving a route update message from a user equipment 420. The cellular network further calculates a route update radius 430 using a random number generated by the cellular network. The cellular network then unicasts the calculated route update radius to the user equipment 440.
US08391865B2	System selection method and arrangement for mobile wireless communication devices An exemplary method for selecting one of a plurality of systems on a multi-mode device capable of communicating on a first air interface technology and a second air interface technology is disclosed. Initially, a carrier input associated with one of the first and second air interface technologies is received. The carrier input typically defines at least one system selection event. Next, a first network acquisition attempt of the other one of the first and second air interface technologies is triggered responsive to the system selection event. The results of the first network acquisition attempt are determined and stored, and subsequently used for subsequent system selection determinations between the first and second air interface technologies.
US08391858B1	Mitigating the impact of handoffs through comparison of non-preferred wireless coverage areas Methods and devices for mitigating the impact of handoffs to non-preferred wireless coverage areas are presented. In particular, a RAN may determine that a first wireless communication device (WCD) and a second WCD are contending for a resource of a preferred wireless coverage area, and that both of the WCDs are likely to be handed off to different non-preferred wireless coverage areas if they are not granted the resource. Both WCDs may be subscribed to a home wireless service provider that also controls and/or operates the preferred wireless coverage area. The RAN may compare the roaming fees of a first non-preferred wireless coverage area with the roaming fees of a second non-preferred wireless coverage area. Based on the outcome of this comparison, the RAN may allocate the resource to the WCD that would likely incur higher roaming fees to the home wireless service provider if that WCD were to roam to a non-preferred wireless coverage area.
US08391853B2	Special mobile radio telephone supply with inherent access The invention relates to a cellular mobile radio telephone system and to a method for operating a cellular mobile radio network, in which mobile radio terminals can be checked in order to use the services of the mobile radio network. According to the invention, each mobile radio terminal that is checked into the mobile radio network can be uniquely identified by a subscriber identity, the subscriber identity of a checked-in mobile radio terminal is compared with a list of released subscriber identities and if there is a match, the use of services of the mobile radio network is released. If no match is found for the subscriber identity on the list of released subscriber identities, the use of the services of this mobile radio network is blocked and/or a general block is placed on the use of all mobile radio networks for said mobile radio terminal.
US08391848B2	Telecommunication call support for mobile devices with presence features A system and method for achieving or assisting dynamic transfer of call support information across a network including at least a wireless portion coupled to a wireless communication device. The call support information providing the wireless communication device with updated caller identification and status or presence information by way of a service or server provisioned product and method.
US08391847B2	Location blocking service from a web advertiser Location-blocking and identity-blocking services that can be commercially offered by a service promoter, e.g., a cellular service provider or a web advertiser. In the identity-blocking service, the service promoter may disclose the current physical location of a mobile subscriber (i.e., a cellular phone operator) to a third party (e.g., a web advertiser) subscribing to the identity-blocking service. However, the service promoter may not send any identity information for the mobile subscriber to the third party. On the other hand, in the location-blocking service, the service promoter may disclose the mobile subscriber's identity information to the third party, but not the current physical location of the mobile subscriber. Blocking of the mobile subscriber's identity or location information may be desirable for privacy reasons, to comply with a government regulation, or to implement a telecommunication service option selected by the mobile subscriber.
US08391841B2	Secure bootstrapping for wireless communications A mutual authentication method is provided for securely agreeing application-security keys with mobile terminals supporting legacy Subscriber Identity Modules (e.g., GSM SIM and CDMA2000 R-UIM, which do not support 3G AKA mechanisms). A challenge-response key exchange is implemented between a bootstrapping server function (BSF) and mobile terminal (MT). The BSF generates an authentication challenge and sends it to the MT under a server-authenticated public key mechanism. The MT receives the challenge and determines whether it originates from the BSF based on a bootstrapping server certificate. The MT formulates a response to the authentication challenge based on keys derived from the authentication challenge and a pre-shared secret key. The BSF receives the authentication response and verifies whether it originates from the MT. Once verified, the BSF and MT independently calculate an application security key that the BSF sends to a requesting network application function to establish secure communications with the MT.
US08391837B2	Method, system and trusted service manager for securely transmitting an application to a mobile phone A Trusted Service Manager (TSM) receives via a first communication channel from a Service Provider (SP) a request (REQ(MIA)) that contains an application (MIA) together with a unique identifier of a mobile phone (MOB), particularly its telephone number. The mobile phone (MOB) is equipped with a memory device (MIF) that comprises multiple memory sectors being protected by sector keys. Preferably the memory device (MIF) is a MIFARE device. The TSM extracts the application (MIA) and the unique identifier from the received request, assigns destination sector(s) and associated sector key(s) of the memory device (MIF), compiles the application (MIA), the sector key(s) and the sector number(s) of the destination sector(s) into a setup-message (SU(MIA)), encrypts the setup-message and transmits it to either the mobile phone via a second communication channel or the Service Provider via the first communication channel (CN). If the setup-message (SU(MIA)) is transmitted to the Service Provider, the Service Provider sends it over the second communication channel to the mobile phone.
US08391830B1	Mobile phone emergency services A mobile phone is configured to detect emergency events and control services enabled on the mobile phone in response to the emergency events. The mobile phone may be configured to detect events such as the mobile phone being turned off or a battery being removed. When the mobile phone detects an event, the mobile phone enables one or more emergency services on the mobile phone to collect and transmit data that may be used by emergency personnel. Other services may be disabled on the mobile phone to conserve battery power.
US08391820B2	Common mixer methods and circuits in mobile communication devices GPS functionality is added to a wireless communication device in an efficient and cost effective manner. Disclosed is a wireless communications device that has a common mixer constructed to be used for a GPS signal and another signal, a common IF filter constructed to be used for a GPS signal and another signal, in addition to other cost effective embodiments.
US08391819B2	Narrow band RF filter circuits, devices and processes using impedance translation An active filter circuit includes an inductance-capacitance (LC) circuit (110) for wireless frequency input, a bi-directional mixer (120) and a filter impedance (130) series-coupled across at least part of the LC circuit (110), and another mixer (420) coupled to at least some portion of the LC circuit. Other circuits, processes, receivers, transmitters and transceivers are disclosed.
US08391816B2	Power supply device, power cable, and reception device A power supply device includes: a power supply unit configured to output the power of a mainframe; and a power transmission cable configured to supply the power output from the power supply unit to the mainframe via a connector; with the power transmission cable including a mainframe side high-frequency cutoff portion disposed between the power supply terminal of the connector, a power supply unit side high-frequency cutoff portion, which is disposed on the power supply unit side at a predetermined length from the connector, configured to restrict the length of a portion serving as an antenna, a first transmission line used for power supply to the mainframe via the mainframe side high-frequency cutoff portion, and a second transmission line to be connected to a tuner of the mainframe via the connector.
US08391814B2	Power control loop, transmitter with the power control loop and method for controlling output power of a transmitter device A power control loop includes a low-frequency signal path and a high-frequency signal path with the delay compensation block. The delay compensation block is used to determine a correlation between an average reference level and an average measured power level. The result may control a delay line to compensate a time misalignment in the power control loop.
US08391811B2	Input-power overload-protection circuit Embodiments of circuits, apparatuses, and systems for a protection circuit having a control element with an attenuation state to protect against overload conditions. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.
US08391801B2	Radio equipment controller, base transceiver station, and method for relaying data A Radio Equipment Controller connected, via a plurality of transmission paths, to a plurality of pieces of Radio Equipment for performing communication with a mobile station, and also connected to an upper-level device is provided. The Radio Equipment Controller includes a required time measurement portion that measures, for each piece of Radio Equipment, required time for the Radio Equipment and the Radio Equipment Controller to relay data that has a predetermined size and is transmitted and received between the upper-level device and the mobile station, and a relaying portion that relays target data that is data to be transmitted and received between the upper-level device and the mobile station by delaying a time to transmit the target data based on the required time for the Radio Equipment relaying the target data.
US08391800B2	Signal acquisition apparatus and method for distributed compressive sensing and joint signal recovery Disclosed is a multiple sensor system including a plurality of different sensor devices to acquire respective signals sensed from a single signal source, and a signal acquisition apparatus to recover an original signal generated from the signal source. The signal acquisition apparatus recovers the original signal by applying joint recovery, based on characteristics and correlations between the respective sensor devices, to compressive sensing signals independently compressively sensed and transmitted from the respective sensor devices. At this time, a sensing matrix F prearranged with the respective sensor devices and channel information C between the original signal and each sensor device are used for joint recovery.
US08391790B2	Communication device and communication method A communication device includes a proximity wireless communication antenna for contactless proximity wireless communication with a counterpart instrument antenna in proximity, a first wireless communication processing unit to conduct contactless proximity wireless communication using the proximity wireless communication antenna, a second wireless communication processing unit to conduct wireless communication in a wireless communication format different from that of the first processing unit, a ground potential to be disposed in a surrounding area of the proximity wireless communication antenna and to be connected to a counterpart instrument ground potential when the instrument is in proximity, a detection unit to detect that the counterpart instrument is connected while allowing contactless proximity wireless communication, and a control unit to restrict wireless communication with the second processing unit when the detection unit detects connection and to remove the restriction after connected to the counterpart instrument ground potential with the ground potential during the restriction.
US08391785B2	Interference rejection in RFID tags RFID tags, tag circuits, and methods are provided that reject at least in part the distortion caused to wireless signals by interference in the environment. When the received RF wave is converted into an unfiltered input (971), a filtered output (972) is generated that does not include an artifact feature deriving from the distortion. The filtered output is used instead of the unfiltered input, which results in tag operation as if there were less interference in the environment, or none at all.
US08391780B2	System and method of satellite communication that reduces the doppler frequency shift of the satellite signals A system and method of communicating signals is provided. The system includes a plurality of satellites, at least one receiver, and at least one satellite uplink station. The plurality of satellites include at least one active satellite. The at least one receiver is in communication with the plurality of satellites, and receives a signal from the at least one active satellite. The at least one satellite uplink station is in communication with the plurality of satellites, and transmits the signal and alters a frequency of the signal based upon a location of the at least one active satellite to reduce a Doppler frequency shift when activating and deactivating the plurality of satellites.
US08391773B2	System and methods for enhancing the experience of spectators attending a live sporting event, with content filtering function A handheld electronic device for use at a venue hosting a live sporting event, having a receiver for receiving a wireless RF transmission conveying a plurality of video streams derived from video cameras filming the live sporting event, a display and a user interface for selecting a video stream among the plurality of video streams to be displayed on the display. The handheld electronic device is capable to acquire a locked mode of operation and an unlocked mode of operation, in the locked mode of operation the handheld electronic device being precluded from displaying the video streams to a spectator, in the unlocked mode of operation the handheld electronic device being enabled to display the video streams to the spectator, the handheld electronic device capable to acquire the unlocked mode of operation in response to reception of authentication data wirelessly transmitted to the handheld electronic device.
US08391771B2	Order-based human interactive proofs (HIPs) and automatic difficulty rating of HIPs The present invention involves a system and method that facilitate identifying human interaction by utilizing HIPs such as order-based HIPs and determining a difficulty rating of any type of HIPs in an automated fashion. Order-based HIPs require a user to identify elements in the sequence as well as to identify a correct order of the elements in the sequence. The invention involves presenting a user with at least two HIPs such that the HIP can be of known and/or unknown difficulty. A user that correctly answers the HIP of known difficulty gains access to the HIP-controlled resource, action or application. The user's response to the HIP of unknown difficulty can then be examined and employed to determine whether that HIP is too difficult for humans to solve. Alternatively, at least one HIP can be presented. Difficulty of individual HIP parameters can also be determined.
US08391757B2	Image forming apparatus and image forming method An image forming method includes forming an image on a latent image bearing member by developing a latent image formed on the latent image bearing member using a liquid developing agent having toner and a carrier liquid, transferring the image onto an image bearing belt that cyclically moves while forming a winding portion by being wound upon the latent image bearing member, detecting positions of the image bearing belt using a first sensor and a second sensor disposed in a different position from that of the first sensor, and adjusting a formation position of the latent image based on the results of the detection, wherein at the winding portion, the transfer member makes contact with the latent image bearing member through the image bearing belt, and a transfer bias of a constant voltage is applied to the transfer member.
US08391750B2	Rotary driving device and image forming apparatus A rotary driving device includes a rotary shaft supported rotatably about an axis thereof on a predetermined supporting member, a rotary load body mounted on the rotary shaft to project radially outward from the rotary shaft in such a manner that the rotary load body can rotate integrally with the rotary shaft about the axis thereof, a driver for rotating the rotary shaft about the axis thereof, a disk mounted on the rotary shaft coaxially therewith for integral rotation with the rotary shaft, the disk having a mounting hole formed therein, a pendulum loosely fitted in the mounting hole, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting a relative position relationship between a central axis position of the mounting hole and a center of gravity position of the pendulum under conditions where the disk is rotating.
US08391749B2	Image forming apparatus, image forming unit, and erase light control method Electric charge remaining on a photoreceptor after transfer causes image deterioration. According to one conventional method widely used in view of this problem, erase light is emitted onto a photoreceptor after the transfer to remove the electric charge remaining on the photoreceptor. However, such a method poses the following problem: emission of erase light leads to light-induced fatigue of the photoreceptor, and as a result, the photoreceptor which has deteriorated from the light-induced fatigue wears down due to abrasion and the like with a cleaner blade, resulting in a shorter lifetime of the photoreceptor. Thus, the thickness of the photosensitive layer is detected to acquire the amount of thickness decrease, and the amount of the erase light is reduced according to the acquired amount of thickness decrease.
US08391744B2	Charger, image forming unit and image forming apparatus having a regular repeating mesh pattern that is changed in a peripheral region A charger includes: a first electrode; a second electrode that has a mesh pattern and is arranged on a side closer to a photoconductor than the first electrode; a cleaner that moves along the second electrode to clean the second electrode by a brush thereof. The second electrode has the mesh pattern successively arranged in a certain direction, and a peripheral region of the mesh pattern of the second electrode has been changed to prevent catching of the brush of the cleaner.
US08391735B2	Recording material determination apparatus and image forming apparatus A recording material determination apparatus includes a first detection unit configured to detect a characteristic corresponding to a surface condition of a recording material based on a captured image of a surface of the recording material, a second detection unit configured to detect a characteristic corresponding to a grammage of the recording material based on an ultrasonic wave detected via the recording material by irradiating the recording material with an ultrasonic wave, and a conveyance unit configured to convey the recording material. The first detection unit and the second detection unit are located opposite each other with respect to the conveyance unit.
US08391731B2	Image forming apparatus and output setting method of consumed status of consumable items of the image forming apparatus An apparatus in which a plurality of consumable items are loadable to the apparatus. The apparatus includes a consumption status detecting unit to detect a respective consumption status of each of the consumable items, a consumption information output setting unit to set whether an exchange message for each of the consumable items is to be output, and a consumable item information output unit to output the exchange message, which is indicative of an exchange time of the respective consumable item, based on the respective consumption statuses detected by the consumption status detecting unit and the setting of the consumption information output setting unit.
US08391727B2	Detector module A detector module for the reception of optical signals (SE) including a module housing having at least one electrical and at least one optical bushing, at least one electrical assembly connected to the electrical bushing, and at least one optical assembly connected to the optical bushing, the electrical and optical assemblies being arranged within the module housing, the optical and electrical assemblies being connected to one another via at least one optical interface, and the electrical assembly having at least one photodiode for converting the optical output signals of the optical assembly into electrical signals. The optical assembly has at least one collimator and on the output side transmits at least one beam comprising collimated electromagnetic rays running parallel to one another via a free-radiating connection as optical interface to the electrical assembly, and the electrical assembly receives the beam from the optical assembly via the free-radiating connection.
US08391726B2	Method and apparatus for frame detection and polarization separation An optical receiver comprising a frame detector configured to receive a polarized signal comprising a first bit stream and a second bit stream, and further configured to identify a plurality of frames in the first bit stream and the second bit stream using a composite header, and a time-domain equalizer (TDEQ) configured to separate the first bit stream and the second bit stream using a portion of the composite header.
US08391724B2	Optical modulator, optical transmission device, and bias adjusting method Included are a first modulator, a second modulator, a first optical amplifier that amplifies an output of the first modulator at an amplification factor based on a first bias signal, a second optical amplifier that amplifies an output of the second modulator at an amplification factor based on a second bias signal, an optical phase adjuster that phase-rotates an output of the second optical amplifier, an optical multiplexer that multiplexes an output of the first optical amplifier with an output of the optical phase adjuster, and a second bias corrector that generates a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal, which are complementary to each other, and obtains a first bias value and a second bias value based on a change of strength of an output signal of the optical multiplexer. The first and second pulse signals are superimposed on the first and second bias signals, respectively.
US08391723B2	Ramen backpumped near-zero dispersion CWDM system and method A system includes an optical transmitter portion, an optical fiber, an optical receiver portion, a laser portion and a combiner portion. Optical signals may be launched by the optical transmitter portion at very low power levels to avoid Raman-induced interactions between the co-propagating signals along the optical fiber. The laser portion and the combiner portion may apply a back-pumped laser signal to the optical fiber. The back-pumped laser signal provides a Raman gain that amplifies the co-propagating signals to a minimum power level such that the optical receiver portion can detect the co-propagating signals within a predetermined acceptable carrier-to-noise ratio.
US08391721B2	Method and apparatus for remote communication using the interpretation of thermoluminescence or photoluminescence signals A method for remote communication using the interpretation of thermoluminescence or photoluminescence signals uses a property of photoluminescence or of thermoluminescence when it is caused by entangled trapped electrons. In this case, stimulation of deexcitation of trapped electrons by heat or radiation occurs when the deexcitation thermal energy is approximately equal to the trap-emptying energy. Stimulation by a temperature rise of a “master” sample induces luminescence of a remote “slave” “entangled” sample, which is reproduced on lowering the temperature of the “master” sample whatever the distance and the media separating the “master” sample and the “slave” sample. This teaching and its generalization to other forms of stimulation is used by the method of interpreting the quantum reception measurements so as to determine, using a correlation method, the transmission of information or commands. This method is particularly suitable for carrying out communication with submarines, communication in mine galleries, or communication with space probes.
US08391708B1	Laser eye safety and fiber receptacle presence detection Provided herein is a novel approach to simultaneous fiber presence detection and improved laser eye safety of an optical transceiver. The subject optical transceiver is fitted with at least one switch in its receptacle that controls the laser diode and indicates the presence of a fiber (or fibers) within such a receptacle. If a fiber is present within the subject module receptacle, the laser switch is permitted to be “on”, whereas the absence of a fiber will prevent the laser switch from turning on, thereby permitting effective control of the laser at a single point of failure within the entire optical transceiver system. The typical optical transceivers of today exhibit limited optical power output due to eye safety limit criteria. With this novel approach, however, a module's output power can be increased to higher level since the only way a person's eye may be exposed to the laser is the removal of the fiber receptacle from the subject module and once the fiber is absent from the module, the laser turns off and/or put optical transceiver into standby mode automatically to save power.
US08391699B2	Focus adjusting apparatus and focus adjusting method There are provided a focus adjusting apparatus and method in which a look of an image plane can be improved when an object area to be focused in the image plane is judged and focused prior to image-taking preparation operation. A first operation for determining the object area to be focused is performed prior to the image-taking preparation operation, and a second operation for performing the focus adjusting operation is performed at the time of the image-taking preparation operation.
US08391696B2	Fuel gas conditioning system with scissor baffles A feed gas conditioner includes a passageway with a plurality of heating elements positioned within the passageway. A plurality of baffle assemblies can cause a fluid flowing through the feed gas conditioner to flow in a serpentine flow pattern so that the fluid flows transverse to at least a portion of the heating elements. The baffle assemblies can each include two or more baffle elements, the baffle elements being positioned at an angle relative to each other. The heating elements can pass through passages within one or more of the baffle elements.
US08391691B2	High-resolution optical disk for recording stereoscopic video, optical disk reproducing device, and optical disk recording device An optical disk for recording stereoscopic videos and high-quality video signals and a system for reproducing the videos and signals from the optical disk are made compatible with the conventional video reproducing system. A reproducing device which is used for reproducing stereoscopic videos and high-quality videos obtains stereoscopic video or high-quality videos by reproducing both first and second interleaved blocks on the optical disk in which first and second video signals are alternately recorded on the left and right sides by dividing the first and second video signals into frame groups of one GOP or more and a reproducing device which is not used for reproducing the stereoscopic videos and high-quality videos obtains ordinary videos by only reproducing either the first or second interleaved block by jumping tracks.
US08391688B2	Smooth rewind media playback Systems and methods for smooth rewind playback of streamed media are provided. The media includes relatively-encoded frames and independently-encoded frames. The method includes receiving a rewind request indicating a rewind speed for rewind playback of the media, selectively dropping relatively-encoded frame(s) based on a receipt constraint and a decoding constraint to form a subset of the media, and receiving frames of the subset. The method further includes selecting, in a reverse order, a selected group of pictures (GOP) included within the subset, and decoding relatively-encoded frame(s) of the GOP in a forward sequential frame order. The method further includes caching relatively-encoded frame(s) of the GOP in the forward sequential frame order, and when caching, dropping and overwriting relatively-encoded frame(s) of the GOP selectively according to a memory constraint and/or a display constraint. The method further includes displaying relatively-encoded frame(s) of the GOP in a reverse sequential frame order.
US08391687B2	Information storage medium having multi-angle data structure and method therefor An information storage medium which stores data structures supporting multi-angles includes clip AV streams for respective angle data of multi-angle motion picture data. As additional information for each clip AV stream, clip information is recorded on a separate storage area from that of the clip AV streams. The clip information includes jumping-point information for jumping into another angle. Each of the clip AV streams may be recorded in a contiguous recording area, or divided into smaller interleaved units that are interleaved with units of the other clip AV streams.
US08391682B2	Recording method A recording method of recording received digital broadcasting on a medium, wherein a stream other than first and last portions is recorded with a predetermined number of recording packets, and the number of recording packets of the first and last portions of an AV stream file is recorded as management data. This method, which records an AV stream basically with a specified number of recording packets in order to improve the performance of access to a medium, thereby makes it possible to improve the splitting accuracy when the user splits a program, overcoming a restriction caused by the specified number of recording packets.
US08391674B2	Information recording method, information recording medium, and information reproducing method, wherein information is stored on a data recording portion and a management information recording portion With this invention, at least one of a video file containing video information, a still picture file containing still picture information, and an audio file containing audio information and a management file having management information on a control method of reproducing the information in the file are recorded on an information storage medium. This realizes a data structure that causes the recording and deleting places on the information storage medium to correspond spuriously to places on a single tape, such as a VTR tape. Use of the data structure provides users with an easy-to-use interface.
US08391671B2	Information processing device and method, recording medium, and program Content that is simultaneously viewed by users of remotely located communication apparatuses is recorded along with images and sound corresponding to the users, for a synthesized reproduction. Synthesis information including parameters relating to setting a synthesis situation of an image and sound of the content and an image and sound of the users, along with information representative of a standard time, is produced and stored. The content being played back is recorded with the standard time added thereto. Similarly, real-time recording of the users includes the standard time. The synthesis information is produced again and stored when a parameter relating to setting the synthesis situation is changed.
US08391668B2	Substrate guided relay having an absorbing edge to reduce alignment constraints Briefly, in accordance with one more embodiments, a substrate guided relay comprises a slab guide having an absorbing edge at a first end of the slab guide. An input coupler is disposed on a surface of the slab guide at an angle with respect to a first edge of the slab guide. An output coupler is disposed on the surface at a second end of the slab guide. Light rays that enter the slab guide toward the first end are absorbed by the absorbing edge, and light rays that enter the slab guide toward the output coupler exit the slab guide via the output coupler. The absorbing edge on the first edge of the slab guide allows the input coupler to be placed on the slab guide without regard to alignment of the input coupler with the first end of the slab guide.
US08391658B2	Fiber optic cable with jacket embedded with reinforcing members A fiber optic cable assembly includes a fiber optic cable and a connector assembly. The fiber optic cable includes an optical fiber, having a core surrounded by a cladding, and a jacket, which surrounds the optical fiber. The jacket includes a plurality of reinforcement members integrated into a matrix material of the jacket. The connector assembly includes a rear housing having a connector end that is directly engaged with an end portion of the jacket. A fiber optic cable includes an optical fiber with a core surrounded by a cladding. The fiber optic cable also includes a jacket that surrounds the optical fiber. The jacket includes about 40% to about 70% by weight of a plurality of reinforcement members integrated into a matrix material of the jacket.
US08391655B2	Waveguide coupler for optical transverse-mode multiplexing An optical coupler for coupling a multimode waveguide and two or more other waveguides. In one embodiment, the optical coupler has an optical phase mask disposed between the multimode waveguide and two or more other waveguides. The optical phase mask imposes on the light passing therethrough a spatial phase pattern that causes selective mode-to-waveguide coupling between the multimode waveguide and the other waveguides. The optical coupler can be used, e.g., in transmitters and receivers of optical transverse-mode-multiplexed signals.
US08391654B2	Wavelength selection switch A wavelength selection switch that includes an optical component for adjusting an optical path with an image magnification of M that is provided between a second imaging position and a mirror array. Therefore, it is possible to provide a small wavelength selection optical switch with a short optical path length that is capable of reducing the focal length of each of a first lens and a second lens to 1/M while maintaining the structure of the spectral element, the fiber array, and the mirror array according to the related art. Since the optical path length is reduced, it is possible to reduce the number of reflecting mirrors used to convert an optical path and thus reduce the size of a housing. Therefore, it is possible to reduce manufacturing costs.
US08391637B2	Image processing device and image processing method Tap coefficients of a filter include one reference tap coefficient having a maximum value that is applied to a pixel of interest in a pixel signal array, and negative tap coefficients having negative values that are applied to surrounding pixels around the pixel of interest located in an image height direction. In a tap coefficient array in which the tap coefficients to be applied to pixel signals located sequentially in the image height direction are sequentially arranged, the reference tap coefficient is positioned off center at a position other than the center of the tap coefficients. Among the negative tap coefficients located on both sides of the reference tap coefficient in the tap coefficient array, the number of the negative tap coefficient on a first side is one, and the number of the negative tap coefficients on a second side is two or more.
US08391628B2	Directional anti-aliasing filter A directional anti-aliasing filter circuit includes an input node and an output node, a directional anti-aliasing filter having an input coupled to the input node, an adaptive gain control having an input coupled to an output of the directional anti-aliasing filter, a summer having a first input coupled to an output of the adaptive gain control, a second input coupled to the input node, and an output coupled to the output node, a texture detector for providing a texture adjust signal to the directional anti-aliasing filter and a texture adaptive gain signal to the adaptive gain control, an edge detector for providing an edge direction signal to the directional anti-aliasing filter, and a corner detector for providing a corner adaptive gain signal to the adaptive gain control.
US08391624B2	Apparatus and method for quantizing image data The value of a diffusing error for an interest pixel is added to image data of the interest pixel, and is calculated from error data occurred in quantization of pixels adjacent to the interest pixel. The image data, to which the value of the diffusing error is added, is quantized using a quantization threshold. Error data of the interest pixel is calculated from the result of the quantization and the image data to which the value of the diffusing error is added. Pixels which are adjacent to the interest pixel and have quantization results corresponding to the image data of the interest pixel are detected, and information between pixels is calculated based on differences between the image data and quantization results of adjacent pixels which fall within ranges corresponding to the detected adjacent pixels. The quantization threshold for the interest pixel is set based on the information between pixels.
US08391620B2	Image processing apparatus, image forming apparatus and image processing method An image processing apparatus divides an input image data string into a first data string and a second data string, and generates a sliding dictionary and a code value, which indicates correspondence between the first data string and the sliding dictionary, from the first data string. The image processing apparatus converts data that has been registered in the sliding dictionary and interpolates the data, which has been obtained by the conversion, at a weighting conforming to the second data string in accordance with a code value.
US08391618B1	Semantic image classification and search A method, system, and computer-readable storage medium for categorizing digital images. A plurality of semantic category scores for a digital image are determined via application of a corresponding plurality of classifiers. A semantic category profile for the image is automatically determined based on the plurality of semantic category scores, where the semantic category profile characterizes semantic content of the image, and is useable to perform semantic based operations with respect to the image.
US08391617B2	Event recognition using image and location information A method of recognizing an event depicted in an image from the image and a location information associated with the image is disclosed. The method includes acquiring the image and its associated location information; using the location information to acquire an aerial image(s) correlated to the location information; identifying the event using both the image and the acquired aerial image(s); and storing the event in association with the image for subsequent use.
US08391604B2	Camera-vision systems, used in collaboration whiteboards, for pre-formatted, reusable, annotatable, movable menus and forms Systems and devices for, and methods of, image-based processing where a device embodiment comprises: (a) a processor; (b) an addressable memory, the memory comprising a set one or more image references, and where the set of image references comprises a rule of interpretation and a rule of execution; and the processor is configured to: (1) compare captured surface indicia of a sheet with the set of at least one image reference; (2) determine the image reference associated with the surface indicia based on the comparison of the surface indicia and the set of at least one image reference; (3) extract a marking by differencing the surface indicia and the image reference; (4) interpret the extracted marking based on the rule of interpretation associated with the image reference; and (5) invoke the rule of execution based on the rule of interpretation.
US08391598B2	Methods for performing local tone mapping Adaptive local tone mapping may be used to convert a high dynamic range image to a low dynamic range image. Tone mapping may be performed on an on a Bayer domain image. A high dynamic range image may be filtered to produce a luminance signal. An illumination component of the luminance signal may be compressed. A reflectance component of the luminance signal may be sharpened. After the luminance signal has been processed, it may be used in producing an output image in the Bayer domain that has a lower dynamic range than the input image. The output Bayer domain image may be demosaiced to produce an RGB image. Tone-mapping may be performed with a tone-mapping processor.
US08391596B2	Effective red eye removal in digital images without face detection Methods and apparatuses for detecting and correcting red-eye in an image are provided. In one aspect, red-eye can be detected without detecting faces. Red-eye candidates are identified and eliminated by evaluating a series of statistics, including color, size, shape, distance, etc. A plurality of regions, including an eye region, a pupil region, an iris region, and a sclera region can be associated with each red-eye candidate. Color distribution statistics are computed with respect to the presence of target color, glint, skin, or other-color pixels in the plurality of regions. Red-eye candidates may be paired with other red-eye candidates for further processing. Further statistics may be computed based on the location of the red-eye candidates in the image, and the location of each red-eye candidate relative to other red-eye candidates. Pixels associated with selected red-eye candidates may be color adjusted.
US08391592B2	System and method for detection of multi-view/multi-pose objects The present invention provides a computer implemented process for detecting multi-view multi-pose objects. The process comprises training of a classifier for each intra-class exemplar, training of a strong classifier and combining the individual exemplar-based classifiers with a single objective function. This function is optimized using the two nested AdaBoost loops. The first loop is the outer loop that selects discriminative candidate exemplars. The second loop, the inner loop selects the discriminative candidate features on the selected exemplars to compute all weak classifiers for a specific position such as a view/pose. Then all the computed weak classifiers are automatically combined into a final classifier (strong classifier) which is the object to be detected.
US08391582B2	System and method for scanning of probe arrays An embodiment of a scanning system is described including optical elements that direct an excitation beam at a probe array, detectors that receive reflected intensity data responsive to the excitation beam, where the reflected intensity data is responsive to a focusing distance between an optical element and the probe array, a transport frame that adjusts the focusing distance in a direction with respect to the probe array, an auto-focuser that determines a best plane of focus based upon characteristics of the reflected intensity data of at least two focusing distances where the detectors further receive pixel intensity values based upon detected emissions from a plurality of probe features disposed on the probe array at the best plane of focus, and an image generator that associates each of the pixel intensity values with at least one image pixel position of a probe array based upon one or more position correction values.
US08391581B2	X-ray inspecting apparatus and X-ray inspecting method An X-ray inspecting apparatus capable of high-speed inspection of a prescribed inspection area of an object of inspection is provided. The X-ray inspecting apparatus includes: a scanning X-ray source for outputting X-ray; an X-ray detector driving unit on which a plurality of X-ray detectors are mounted, and capable of driving the plurality of X-ray detectors independently; and an image acquisition control mechanism controlling acquisition of image data by X-ray detector driving unit and X-ray detectors. A scanning X-ray source emits X-ray while moving the X-ray focal point of the X-ray source to each of X-ray emission originating positions set for each X-ray detector such that the X-ray passes through a prescribed inspection area of an object of inspection and enters each X-ray detector. Image pick-up by some of the X-ray detectors and movement of other X-ray detectors to an image pick-up position are executed in parallel and alternately. An image acquisition control unit acquires the image data picked-up by X-ray detectors, and a computing unit reconstructs an image in the inspection area based on the image data.
US08391577B2	Radiation image processing apparatus, image processing method, X-ray radioscopy apparatus and control method thereof A radiation image processing apparatus which improves contrast and sharpness of radiation images is provided. According to this radiation image processing apparatus, comparison is made between a first image data obtained by radiation imaging without going through the subject but through a grid for removing scattered radiation from a subject, and a second image data which is obtained by radiation imaging through the subject and the grid, and a two-dimensional distribution of abundance of scattered component is calculated. Using this two-dimensional distribution of scattered component, abundance of scattered radiation is locally determined at each position, and a sharpening process is performed with sharpening intensities that are increased in response to abundance of scattered radiation.
US08391576B2	Device, method and recording medium containing program for separating image component, and device, method and recording medium containing program for generating normal image A normal image representing a normal structure of a predetermined structure in an input medical image is generated with higher accuracy. Further, an abnormal component in the input medical image is separated with higher accuracy. A supervised learned filtering unit inputs an input image representing a predetermined structure to a supervised learned filter to generate an image representing a normal structure of the predetermined structure. The supervised learned filter is obtained through a learning process using supervisor images, each representing a normal structure of the predetermined structure in a subject (individual), and corresponding training images, each containing an abnormal component in the corresponding subject (individual). Further, a difference processing unit separates an abnormal component in the input image by calculating a difference between the input image and the image representing the normal structure.
US08391575B2	Automatic image analysis and quantification for fluorescence in situ hybridization An analysis system automatically analyzes and counts fluorescence signals present in biopsy tissue marked using Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH). The user of the system specifies classes of a class network and process steps of a process hierarchy. Then pixel values in image slices of biopsy tissue are acquired in three dimensions. A computer-implemented network structure is generated by linking pixel values to objects of a data network according to the class network and process hierarchy. Objects associated with pixel values at different depths of the biopsy tissue are used to determine the number, volume and distance between cell components. In one application, fluorescence signals that mark Her2/neural genes and centromeres of chromosome seventeen are counted to diagnose breast cancer. Her2/neural genes that overlap one another or that are covered by centromeres can be accurately counted. Signal artifacts that do not mark genes can be identified by their excessive volume.
US08391571B2	Automatic detection of a surgical tool on an image provided by a medical imaging system A device for detecting a surgical tool in an image, the surgical tool going through an incision made in a patient's skin or one of his organs, the device including: means for storing shape parameters of the surgical tool. means for determining the position of the projection of the incision in the image plane and means for determining points and/or straight lines characteristic of the projection of the surgical tool on the image based on the shape parameters and on the position of the projection of the incision.
US08391570B2	Method of guiding an irradiation equipment The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for guiding an irradiation equipment (2) located outside a human body (1) or an animal body. The method comprises the steps of identifying, in an image (4), a three-dimensional element (7) visible in the image (4), said three-dimensional element (7) has been in position in, or being inserted into, a cavity of the human body (1) or the animal body, establishing, in the image (4), a preliminary position of the three-dimensional element (7) visible in the image (4) in relation to a reference, establishing a preliminary position of the irradiation equipment (2) in relation to the reference, and adjusting the irradiation equipment (2) in response to the position the three-dimensional element (7).
US08391568B2	System and method for improved scanning of fingerprint edges A fingerprint analysis method for partial fingerprint scanners that has an improved ability to resolve fingerprints from the tips of fingers, as well as an improved ability to cope with suboptimal finger swipes. The method uses various extrapolation methods to more accurately determine the position of a scanned fingertip is as the tip of the finger passes a partial fingerprint scanner. The method also monitors the image characteristics of the partial fingerprint image returned by the partial fingerprint scanner, and uses these image characteristics to determine exactly where the image of the fingertip itself is lost, and imaging of non-fingerprint data begins. By combining the most probable fingertip position as a function of time data obtained from extrapolated finger motion data, with image analyzed fingerprint images more precisely determined to be near the fingertip edges, superior fingerprint images extending closer to the edge of the fingerprint may be obtained.
US08391564B2	Providing an imaging operator for imaging a subterranean structure To perform imaging of a subterranean structure, an imaging operator is generated through the design of a weight, where the weight is computed according to a design criterion, where the design criterion is selected from the group consisting of: (1) the imaging operator provides a true amplitude image; (2) the imaging operator minimizes mean square error; and (3) the imaging operator corresponds to a least squares inverse of a forward modeling operator. The weighted filter as defined by the computed weights is applied to produce an image of a subterranean structure.
US08391561B2	Pre tension monitoring solution The present invention relates to a tension monitoring system comprising: —at least one camera for acquiring at least one image of at least one pattern located on an object of interest, wherein the pattern comprises a plurality of points and where each point is arranged on the object in such as way as to follow the movement of the object; —a computational device; wherein the computational device is arranged to analyze the acquired image for detecting the position of each pattern point using an image analysis algorithm arranged to determine the geometrical center of a point using a contrast detection method, determining the distance between at least two pattern portions, and calculating the tension induced in the object using a reference value of distance between the two pattern portions when the object is mechanically relaxed.
US08391560B2	Method and system for image identification and identification result output The present invention provides a method and a system for image identification and identification result output, which determines a location coordinate with respect to an image and a rotating angle based on at least one direction of the image according to features of the image. The image is compared to a plurality of sample images stored in a database according to the rotating angle so as to obtain at least one identification result. By means of the method and the system of the present invention, identification can be achieved with respect to various rotating angles and distances so as to improve the identification rate.
US08391556B2	Method and system for video-based road lane curvature measurement A method and system for video-based road lane curvature measurement is provided. An image processing system receives roadway scene images from a vehicle-mounted video camera to measure road curvature. Road boundary indicators, such as lane markings, are used for identifying the road boundaries. The road curvature is approximated using a relation between the slope of a line connecting two points on a lane marking, and the average longitudinal distance from the camera to the line.
US08391550B2	Method and system for diagnosing and treating a pest infested body According to one aspect, the invention provides a method for detecting pest infestation within a body. The method comprises the steps of a) providing an imaging system comprising at least a radiation source, a detector, a processing station and a display monitor; b) positioning at least a section of the body between the radiation source and the detector; c) acquiring a first image of said section of said body; d) acquiring at least one second image of the section of the body; e) removing the common portion of the images by subtracting the first image from the second image, thereby resulting in a digitally subtracted image; and f) observing determining from the digitally subtracted image and determining whether at least one pest is present within the body. Pest infestation may be detected without physical contact with the tree.
US08391548B1	Tracking multiple moving targets in digital video Tracking multiple targets can include making different observations based on multiple different frames of one or more digital video feeds, determining an initial cover based on the observations, performing one or more modifications to the initial cover to generate a final cover, and using the final cover to track multiple targets in the one or more digital video feeds. Performing one or more modifications to generate a final cover can include selecting one or more adjustments from a group that includes temporal cover adjustments and spatial cover adjustments, and can include using likelihood information indicative of similarities in motion and appearance to distinguish different targets in the frames.
US08391542B2	Method for estimating the pose of a PTZ camera Provided is an iterative method of estimating the pose of a moving PTZ camera. The first step is to use an image registration method on a reference image and a current image to calculate a matrix that estimates the motion of sets of points corresponding to the same object in both images. Information about the absolute camera pose, embedded in the matrix obtained in the first step, is used to simultaneously recalculate both the starting positions in the reference image and the motion estimate. The recalculated starting positions and motion estimate are used to determine the pose of the camera in the current image. The current image is taken as a new reference image, a new current image is selected and the process is repeated in order to determine the pose of the camera in the new current image. The entire process is repeated until the camera stops moving.
US08391536B2	Earphone device and earphone device main body An earphone device includes a case main body, a sound conduit, and an ear tip. The sound conduit is formed in a substantially tubular shape and protrudes from the case main body. The sound conduit has a flange disposed at the end on the opposite side from the case main body, and a first restrictor disposed between the flange and the case main body. The ear tip has a ring part formed of a resilient material and configured to be engaged to the sound conduit. The ear tip is configured to be in a first state in which movement in the direction of removal from the sound conduit is restricted by the flange, and is configured to be in a second state in which movement in the direction of removal from the sound conduit is restricted by the first restrictor.
US08391518B2	Condenser microphone There is provided a condenser microphone in which even if strong electromagnetic waves are applied from a cellular phone or the like, the balance between a filter circuit for a No. 2 pin on the hot side and a filter circuit for a No. 3 pin on the cold side is maintained. The condenser microphone includes a printed wiring board 200 housed in a microphone casing and a three-pin type output connector, and is configured so that a No. 1 pin of the output connector is connected directly to the microphone casing and is connected to a ground electrode of the printed wiring board 200 via a high-frequency choke coil IL; on the printed wiring board, a first filter circuit 401 connected to the No. 2 pin on the hot side and a second filter circuit 501 connected to the No. 3 pin on the cold side, both filter circuits each including capacitor devices C and inductor devices L, are mounted; and the first and second filter circuits 401 and 501 are disposed so as to be substantially symmetrical with each other with respect to an imaginary centerline X1-X1. In the condenser microphone, the high-frequency choke coil IL is provided in the number of two, and these choke coils IL1 and IL2, together with the first and second filter circuits 401 and 501, are disposed so as to be substantially symmetrical with each other with respect to the imaginary centerline X1-X1.
US08391511B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device is disclosed. The semiconductor device includes a digital audio circuit which converts an input digital signal into an analog audio signal, a DC-DC converter having a switching power source circuit, and an audible frequency determining circuit. In order that a difference between a frequency of a first clock signal for digital to analog conversion which is used in the digital audio circuit and a frequency of a second clock signal for switching control which is used in a DC-DC converter exceeds a maximum audible frequency, a frequency comparing circuit in the audible frequency determining circuit outputs a signal to a frequency changing circuit in the DC-DC converter. The frequency changing circuit causes a second oscillating circuit to change the second frequency.
US08391506B1	Mitigating audible cross talk Audible crosstalk can be mitigated in a low-cost three-wire device having audio capability and/or voice applications. In some embodiments, a voltage can be introduced in a microphone power supply that is approximately the same as a measured noise voltage and the resulting voltage appearing at a microphone output can be optimized to mitigate the noise voltage and, thus, the presence of crosstalk. In some embodiments, a microphone within a circuit can be isolated to mitigate crosstalk by introducing current into a circuit that is approximately the same as a measured current, but having a flow in an opposite direction.
US08391497B2	Method for importing rights object and rights issuer A method for importing or moving a rights object (RO) is provided, which includes the following steps. A rights issuer (RI) receives a request message of importing or moving an RO to a target device, the request message including key information encapsulated by a public key of the target device; the RI generates the RO according to the request message, the RO including the key information encapsulated by the public key of the target device; and the RI provides the RO for the target device. An RI is also provided. In the present invention, the key information encapsulated by the public key of the target device is provided for the RI, and the real key is hidden from the RI, such that the un-trust RI cannot generate the illegal RO for other devices except the target device, thereby enhancing the security of importing or moving the RO through the RI.
US08391493B2	Probabilistic mitigation of control channel jamming via random key distribution in wireless communications networks An embodiment includes methods that generate random cryptographic keys, and send the keys to client devices. These methods may send representations of channel locator functions to the client devices, which may use the channel locator functions to locate particular control channels, using the random keys as input.
US08391483B2	Storage of digital data A device for locating a DES key value that corresponds to a packet identification (PID) contained at a variable possible location which comprises part only of a 32-bit packet header. A table stored in memory contains for each DES key: (i) a packet header having 32 bits with a PID of either 12, 9 or 8 bits contained at a defined location and with zero values elsewhere, and (ii) a mask value also having 32 bits with ones contained at the said defined location of the PID and zeros elsewhere. The table is divided into regions for respective packet format types. An incoming packet header at an input is combined with a first one of the mask values from the table to provide a combined value that consists of the value held in the input packet header at the defined location and zeros elsewhere. This combined value is compared with the corresponding packet header stored in the table. When they are not equal, the combining and comparison is repeated for the next row of the table. When they are equal, the corresponding DES key value is read from the table and provided as an output. The system can cope with variable PID formats within the packet header without alteration to the hardware but merely with re-programming of the table contents.
US08391479B2	Combining interleaving with fixed-sequence windowing in an elliptic curve scalar multiplication An Elliptic Curve scalar multiplication product involving a scalar and a base point is determined in a manner that acts as a countermeasure to side channel attacks. A key splitting strategy called Additive Splitting Using Division involves selecting a random integer and determining an integer quotient and a remainder by dividing the scalar by the random integer. The product may then be expressed as a sum of scalar multiplications, which may be evaluated using a combination of a fixed-sequence window method with the known Interleaving method. When the integer quotient and remainder are odd, major collisions may be avoided when determining the product. Accordingly, the random integer that determines whether the integer quotient and remainder are odd may be subject to some control.
US08391475B2	Method and apparatus for advanced encryption standard (AES) block cipher The speed at which encrypt and decrypt operations may be performed in a general purpose processor is increased by providing a separate encrypt data path and decrypt data path. With separate data paths, each of the data paths may be individually optimized in order to reduce delays in a critical path. In addition, delays may be hidden in a non-critical last round.
US08391472B2	Acoustic echo cancellation solution for video conferencing Echo cancellation for audio/video conferencing uses an inaudible tone added at an originating conference site to the transmitted voice signal, for echo cancellation. The tone, upon receipt with the voice signal at a remote conferencing site and retransmission back to the originating site, is used to determine both the round trip delay of the conferencing link and the acoustic characteristics of the remote site, so as generate an echo cancellation signal for better audio performance.
US08391470B2	Device, method and system for estimating the termination to a wired transmission-line based on determination of characteristic impedance A system and method for measuring a characteristic impedance of a transmission-line comprises transmitting energy to the line, and shortly after measuring the voltage/current involved and thus measuring the equivalent impedance. The measured characteristic impedance may then be used in order to determine the termination value required to minimize reflections. In another embodiment, the proper termination is set or measured by adjusting the termination value to achieve maximum power dissipation in the terminating device. The equivalent characteristic impedance measurement may be used to count the number of metallic conductors connected to a single connection point. This abstract is not intended to limit or construe the scope of the claims.
US08391465B1	Customer care call routing A system for automatically collecting, displaying, analyzing and projecting data associated with inbound and outbound calls at a plurality of customer care call centers is presented. The system comprises a computer system, a memory, and an application stored in the memory that, when executed by the computer system, stores inbound call metrics about calls to a plurality of customer care call centers, and stores outbound call metrics about calls directed outbound from the plurality of customer care call centers. The system further determines a current call handling status of the plurality of customer care call centers, projects a future status of the plurality of customer care call centers based on the inbound call metrics, on the outbound call metrics, on the current call handling status, and on a call handling plan, and performs an action based on the projected future status of the plurality of customer care call centers.
US08391462B2	Communication platform for providing computer telephony integration services to remote subscribers, and associated method A communication platform for providing computer/telephony integration services to remote subscribers comprises: a hosted call switching unit in communication with an external telephone network or interconnected networks through a communications trunk; for each subscriber, a subscriber telephony component, such as an intelligent agent, executed by processing means belonging to the communication platform and connected to an external subscriber's information system through a permanent private secure data channel, whereby said subscriber telephony component can communicate in a private manner with other information system components of said subscriber so as to be logically part of said information system, each subscriber component being capable of controlling said switching unit according to subscriber data; resources available to each subscriber telephony component in association with call processing or routing; means for allocating resources to each telephone call handled by a subscriber telephony component in response to data communication with said component through a secure interface.
US08391458B1	Emergency call prioritization A system and method of operating a communication system is described. A communication interface receives a first user request for a voice service from a communication device. In response to receiving the first user request, the communication interface transfers an initial message requesting access to the voice service. The communication interface receives a response to the initial message that indicates that the voice service is not available. After receiving the response, the communication interface receives a second user request from the communication device. A processing system processes the second user request to determine if the second user request indicates an emergency service. If the second user request indicates the emergency service, then the communication interface transfers a call request for the emergency service. If the second user request does not indicate the emergency service, then the communication interface notifies the communication device that the voice service is not available.
US08391444B2	IP telephone set, IP telephone system, and dialing method in the IP telephone set An IP telephone set 4 is provided with a power failure adapter 5. During power failure, a function of the power failure adapter 5 is enabled so that the IP telephone set 4 is connected to an analog network 3 via the power failure adapter 5. As a result, the IP telephone set 4 is allowed to perform telephone communication via the analog network 3. The IP telephone set 4 includes an emergency call detecting portion 40a and a transmitting portion 40b. The emergency call detection portion 40a detects that an emergency telephone number is dialed as a dialed emergency telephone number. The transmitting portion 40b enables the function of the power failure adapter 5 when the emergency call detecting portion 40a detects that the emergency telephone number is dialed and transmits the dialed emergency telephone number to the analog network 3 via the power failure adapter 5.
US08391440B2	Curtain assembly, scanning system, and method for assembling scanning system A curtain assembly includes at least one curtain including at least one slat. The at least one curtain is configured to be rotatably coupled to a housing of a scanning system having a radiation source and a detector. The at least one curtain is further configured to facilitate drawing an object into the scanning system housing while substantially preventing radiation emitted from the radiation source from exiting the housing through the at least one curtain.
US08391438B2	Method and apparatus for clock frequency division The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for clock frequency division, the method comprises: determining a current frequency division coefficient in real time according to input clock signals and output clock information; then, performing counting on the input clock signals according to an integer portion and a decimal portion of the frequency division coefficient and a decimal scale threshold of the decimal portion; and performing accumulation on the decimal portion according to the counting result; finally, controlling the output clock according to the counting result and the accumulation result. With the method and the apparatus, output signals can be adjusted dynamically according to input signals, and the bit width of the integer portion and the decimal portion of the frequency division coefficient and the decimal scale threshold of the decimal portion can be increased on demand, so that the precision of the frequency division coefficient can be adjusted.
US08391434B2	Receiver for clock reconstitution A receiver for clock reconstitution in a semiconductor field includes a termination resistor arranged between two input stages, to which a pair of input signals are input, the termination resistor including a first resistor and a second resistor; a strobe signal generator for generating a strobe signal, using a first signal corresponding to a differential voltage output from a node between the first resistor and the second resistor; and a clock reconstitutor for generating a clock signal in response to the strobe signal generated from the strobe signal generator.
US08391430B2	Communication device, communication method, computer program and adaptive equalizer A communication device is provided for receiving a packet including a preamble part having a continuous waveform, a sync part having a specific pattern and a data part, which has been modulated by changing electrical load. The communication device includes: a preamble detection unit for detecting the preamble part from a received signal to extract sampling timing based on the continuous waveform; a sync detection unit for detecting the sync part from the received signal based on the sampling timing to output a timing signal indicating a start position of the sync part; a delay buffer for giving a delay to the received signal so that the head of the sync part is not outputted until the detection of the sync part is determined; an adaptive equalization unit for performing adaptive equalization using the sync part based on the timing signal by inputting the delayed received signal; and a decoding unit for performing decoding processing of an equalized output signal from the adaptive equalization unit.
US08391428B2	Auto gain control method in digital communication system Provided is an auto gain control method in a digital communication system. The auto gain control method checks a distribution of a signal and a distribution of a signal envelope during a regular check interval, and determines a state of a current gain value from the distribution of the signal and the distribution of the signal envelope which are obtained through the checking of the distribution. The auto gain control method controls a gain value for auto gain control according to the determined state of the current gain value.
US08391417B2	Receiver circuitry and related calibration methods Apparatus and methods are provided for calibrating and operating a receiver circuit. An exemplary method comprises the steps of applying a first voltage offset to a first input of an amplifier circuit, generating an output signal at an output of the amplifier circuit based on the first voltage offset and a second voltage offset at a second input of the amplifier circuit, adjusting the second voltage offset based on the output signal, and maintaining the second voltage offset at a constant voltage when the output signal is indicative of the second voltage offset cancelling the first voltage offset.
US08391410B2	Methods and apparatus for configuring a pilot symbol in a wireless communication system Methods and apparatus for constructing a pilot symbol for a communication frame transmitted in a wireless communication system, such as an OFDM system, are disclosed. In particular, the methods and apparatus generate at least one pseudo-random noise sequence having at least a predetermined length, where the at least one pseudo-random noise sequence represents a system configuration of a wireless system. A time domain symbol sequence is modulated with the at least one pseudo-random noise sequence to create a timing acquisition pilot symbol. The modulated acquisition pilot symbol is further masked to a prescribed frequency profile and placed in a frame for wireless transmission. Accordingly, different system configurations can be communicated from a transmitter to a receiver with the acquisition pilot symbol modulated with correspondingly different pseudo-random noise sequences, while affording low complexity required to process the acquisition pilot symbol and a minimum peak to average power ratio when using QPSK modulation.
US08391408B2	Method and apparatus for spatial mapping matrix searching A spatial mapping matrix searching apparatus may include a plurality of antennae configured to receive a plurality of transmission signals, a post-coding module configured to generate a post-coding information according to the received plurality of transmission signals and generate a received signal from the received plurality of transmission signals, and a pre-coding module configured to generate a pre-coding information according to the post-coding information.
US08391405B2	Symbol mapping method for repetition channel coding A symbol mapping method for repetition coding is disclosed. The symbol mapping method comprises performing repetition coding on codeword to output repeated codeword symbols, and mapping the repeated codeword symbols with subcarriers located in different localized resource blocks. According to the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to obtain maximum reliability in a receiving side by mapping codeword bits with subcarriers to reduce the number of bits having low reliability when a transmitting side uses repetition coding. Also, it is possible to improve decoding throughput and obtain channel diversity.
US08391404B2	Digital broadcasting system and method of processing data in digital broadcasting system A method of processing a digital broadcast signal in a transmitter includes encoding signaling information including a transmission parameter channel, including transmission parameters and a fast information channel (FIC) including cross layer information for mobile service acquisition, and transmitting the broadcast signal including ensembles including the encoded signaling information. The FIC is divided into FIC segments, each FIC segment including a FIC segment header and a FIC segment payload. The FIC segment header includes type information indicating a type of the FIC segment, the FIC further including a first ensemble identifier identifying a specific ensemble including a service map table (SMT). The SMT includes a header including a second ensemble identifier corresponding to the first ensemble identifier, a payload including service acquisition information of the specific ensemble, and IP access information of a mobile service for acquiring an IP datagram of the mobile service from the specific ensemble.
US08391397B2	Calibration correction for implicit beamforming in a wireless MIMO communication system A transmitter beamforming technique for use in a MIMO wireless communication system determines a partial description of a reverse channel without determining a full dimensional description of the reverse channel. A correction matrix is developed from the partial description of the reverse channel and a description of the forward channel. The correction matrix is used to process signals to be transmitted via the forward channel, and a steering matrix is used to perform beamforming in the forward channel.
US08391395B2	Precoder codebooks for effective channels with structured frequency-selectivity A precoder for an effective channel linking a wireless receiver to a wireless transmitter includes a precoder report and a precoder update report, the effective channel including a propagation channel, transmit filters and receive filters. A structured frequency-selectivity of the effective channel is determined, the structured frequency-selectivity being induced by one or more long term and/or persistent parameters of the effective channel. The precoder update report is generated based on the structured frequency-selectivity. The precoder update report includes frequency-dependent phase compensation which accounts for the structured frequency-selectivity. The precoder report is generated for the effective channel based on channel state information determined for the effective channel. The precoder report and the precoder update report are transmitted to the wireless transmitter. The transmitter determines a transmission operation based on the precoder report and the precoder update report, and transmits data to the wireless receiver in accordance with the transmission operation.
US08391388B2	Digital television transmitter/receiver and method of processing data in digital television transmitter/receiver A digital television (DTV) transmitter and a method of coding data in the DTV transmitter are disclosed. A data formatter generates an enhanced data packet including the enhanced data and a known data sequence. A data randomizer randomizes the enhanced data packet. A RS encoder RS-codes the randomized data packet by adding first parity data, and a data interleaver interleaves the RS-coded data packet. A trellis encoding unit trellis-encodes the interleaved data packet. Herein the trellis encoding unit includes a TCM encoder for generating a first output bit by trellis-encoding a first input bit and generating a second output bit by bypassing the first input bit, and a pre-coder for generating a third output bit by pre-coding a second input bit, wherein memories included in the TCM encoder and the pre-coder are initialized when the known data sequence is inputted to the trellis encoding unit.
US08391386B2	Communication method and radio transmitter Radio transmission is performed even to a communication party whose bandwidth that can be used for transmission and reception is limited without having an influence of an offset of a DC component. A radio transmitter applied to an OFDMA communication system in which a plurality of different terminals performs communication using OFDM signals at the same time that includes a mapping part that allocates transmission power to each subcarrier, and also selects a subcarrier to which minimum power of the transmission power to be allocated is allocated and modulates transmission data in units of communication slots to output the modulated data; and a transmission part for transmitting radio signals including the modulated data using each of the subcarriers.
US08391378B2	Metric computation for lowering complexity of MIMO detection algorithms Included are embodiments of method for method for computing metrics. At least one embodiment includes searching a MIMO detection tree, the detection tree configuration being formed by a plurality of nodes and a plurality of leaves connected via a plurality of branches, the computational complexity associated with computing a node metric decreases with the node depth in the tree configuration and providing an estimate on a transmitted signal.
US08391368B2	Macro-block based mixed resolution video compression system A system and method of compressing a video signal can include the steps of: receiving a video signal, the video signal including frames; analyzing, for each frame, the video signal on a macroblock-by-macroblock level; determining whether to downsample a macroblock residual for each of the macroblocks; selectively downsampling a macroblock residual for some of the macroblocks; and coding the macroblocks. A system and method of decompressing a video signal can include the steps of receiving a compressed video signal, the video signal including frames; analyzing, for each frame, the video signal on a macroblock-by-macroblock level; determining whether to upsample a macroblock residual for each of the macroblocks; selectively upsampling a macroblock residual for some of the macroblocks; and decoding the macroblocks.
US08391364B2	Moving picture encoding device, moving picture decoding device, moving picture encoding method, moving picture decoding method, program, and computer readable recording medium storing program An object of the present invention is to express a predicted picture signal with light overheads, and to provide motion compensation of different pixel accuracy. A moving picture encoding device 20 according to the present invention includes a motion vector detection means 32 for detecting a motion vector of a predetermined area to be encoded in a frame picture, a prediction means 33c for predicting the motion vector of the predetermined area to be encoded by using an encoded motion vector of a predetermined area in the frame picture, a determination means 33d for determining whether or not the motion vector detected by the motion vector detection means 32 is a predetermined motion vector set in accordance with the motion vector predicted by the prediction means 33c, and a switching means 33e for switching a method of calculating a motion compensation value of the predetermined area to be encoded depending on whether or not the motion vector detected by the motion vector detection means 32 is the predetermined motion vector.
US08391360B2	Method and apparatus for coding image information, method and apparatus for decoding image information, method and apparatus for coding and decoding image information, and system of coding and transmitting image information A multiplexing method for multiplexing a bit stream in a multiplexing apparatus. The method includes encoding, in an encoding unit in the multiplexing apparatus, a chroma component of image data using a chroma quantization parameter calculated on the basis of a luma quantization parameter weighted by an addition operation that adds a weight parameter and generating the bit stream. The method further includes multiplexing, in an multiplexing unit in the multiplexing apparatus, the bit stream and generating a system stream.
US08391359B2	Method and apparatus for coding image information, method and apparatus for decoding image information, method and apparatus for coding and decoding image information, and system of coding and transmitting image information A packetizing method for packetizing a bit stream in a packetizing apparatus. The packetizing method includes encoding, in an encoding unit in the multiplexing apparatus, a chroma component of image data using a chroma quantization parameter calculated on the basis of a luma quantization parameter weighted by an addition operation that adds a weight parameter and generating the bit stream. The method further includes packetizing, in a packetizing unit in the packetizing apparatus, the bit stream and generating a packetized stream.
US08391349B1	Equalizer with automatic gain control (AGC) A combination equalizer and automatic gain control (AGC) is provided for high-speed receivers. The combination circuit comprises a first AGC having an input to accept a communication signal and an input to accept a first control signal. The first AGC modifies the communication signal gain in response to the first control signal, to supply a first stage signal at an output. An equalizer has an input to accept the first stage signal and an input to accept a second control signal. The equalizer modifies the frequency characteristics of the first stage signal in response to the second control signal, to supply an equalized signal at an output. A second AGC has an input to accept the equalized signal and an input to accept a third control signal. The second AGC modifies the equalized signal gain in response to the third control signal, to supply a second stage signal at an output.
US08391340B2	Low cost, high performance GPS/GNSS receiver architecture A low-cost GPS/GNSS receiver receives a satellite signal at an RF frequency (fRF). The GPS/GNSS receiver includes a front end section for receiving the satellite signal and generating a digital complex signal having a first bandwidth, the received satellite signal being converted into a complex signal before digitizing, a signal capturing section for searching for and acquiring the satellite signal, the signal capturing section including a capture memory, a baseband processor for tracking the acquired satellite signal, and a signal splitter coupled to the front end section. The signal splitter splits the digital complex signal into two bandwidths, by generating a narrowband digital complex signal having a second bandwidth substantially smaller than the first bandwidth. The signal splitter provides the narrowband digital signal to the capture memory and the wider first bandwidth digital complex signal to the baseband processor.
US08391330B2	Fracture resistant metallization pattern for semiconductor lasers Metallization patterns are provided to reduce the probability of chip fracture in semiconductor lasers. According to one embodiment disclosed herein, the pad edges of a metallization pattern extend across a plurality of crystallographic planes in the laser substrate. In this manner, cracks initiated at any given stress concentration would need to propagate across many crystallographic planes in the substrate to reach a significant size. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the respective geometries and orientations of adjacent pairs of contact pads. Still further embodiments are disclosed and claimed.
US08391317B2	Unit of the transmission of data in a serial bidirectional bus A system is described for transmitting data in a serial bidirectional bus with a control device (1) comprising a send and receiving unit (34) for data fields (7, 8 and 9) combined into a data frame (6), and with bus subscribers (2, 3 and 4) which comprise an evaluation circuit (10) for reading in and reading out data fields (7, 8, 9, 14, 15 or 16) in data frames (6, 11), with at least the bus subscriber (4) at the bus end opposite of the control device (1) comprising a send device (12) for a data frame (11). In order to provide simple constructional conditions it is proposed that at least the bus subscriber (4) at the end of the bus comprises a control stage (13) which is activated by a received data frame (6) and triggers the send device (12) depending on the receipt of a data frame (6) within the terms of the transmission of a data frame (11) for at least the data fields (14, 15 and 16) of the bus subscribers (2, 3 and 4).
US08391316B2	Front-end system for processing composite wideband signals and method for utilizing same According to one exemplary embodiment, a front-end system for processing a composite wideband signal comprises a pre-receiving unit including a multiplexer for separating the composite wideband signal into a plurality of filtered signals. The front-end system further comprises a plurality of discrete frequency band outputs corresponding to the plurality of filtered signals, and a tuner/down-converter coupled to at least one of the plurality of discrete frequency band outputs. In one embodiment, the pre-receiving unit of the front-end system further comprises a second multiplexer for separating at least one of the plurality of filtered signals into a second plurality of filtered signals. In one embodiment, the pre-receiving unit may further comprise a low noise amplifier for processing at least one of the plurality of filtered signals before it is input to the second multiplexer.
US08391304B2	Ethernet-MOST gateway apparatus An Ethernet-MOST gateway apparatus for exchanging data between a MOST network transferring multimedia data within a vehicle and a packet network for a computer and Internet communications. The Ethernet-MOS gateway apparatus including: an Ethernet frame interface unit connected with a packet network to transmit and receive an Ethernet frame, and converting the Ethernet frame into a MOST frame; a MOST frame interface unit connected with a MOST network to transmit and receive the MOST frame, and converting the MOST frame into the Ethernet frame; and a switch fabric connecting the Ethernet frame interface unit and the MOST frame interface unit.
US08391285B2	Communication apparatus, communication system, and communication method A communication apparatus configured to transmit data by configuring a plurality of virtual communication pathways in a physical communication pathway established with another communication apparatus, the communication apparatus includes a configuration unit that configures information related to an order of priority of the virtual communication pathways, a first storage unit that stores the configured information, a second storage unit that stores data, which includes signals, based on the configured information, and a transmission processing unit that carries out transmission processing on the stored data based on the configured information.
US08391277B2	Interoperability of legacy alarm system A base station and system configured to support interfacing digital and analog devices with a legacy alarm system in a manner that allows messages from the legacy alarm system to pre-empt other messaging, if needed, when the messaging takes place through the same gateway as that which is used by the legacy alarm system.
US08391275B2	Providing calling party information in a request to establish a call session A method and apparatus are provided for providing calling party information in a request to establish a call session. The method comprises receiving a call request from an entity to establish an interactive call session. The method comprises receiving information associated with the entity. The method further comprises providing the information in the call request.
US08391266B2	Direct link setup procedure in tunneled direct link setup wireless network and station supporting the procedure Provided are a Tunneled Direct Link Setup (TDLS) establishment procedure for a TDLS initiator and a station supporting the establishment procedure. In the establishment procedure, a requesting Non-AP QSTA transmits a TDLS setup request frame via an access point (AP) to an intended peer Non-AP QSTA. And, the requesting Non-AP QSTA receives a TDLS setup response frame via the AP from the intended peer station in response to the TDLS setup request frame. And, the requesting Non-AP QSTA transmits a TDLS setup confirm frame via the AP to the intended peer station in response to the TDLS setup response frame.
US08391247B2	Base station device and signal processing method A base station device of the present invention includes a base-station main body connected to a network, and multiple antenna units connected in series to the base-station main body. The base-station main body multiplexes signals acquired from the network and outputs the multiplexed signals to an antenna unit. The antenna unit demultiplexes the multiplexed signals into a signal to be transmitted by the antenna unit and another signals to be transmitted by another antenna unit, and transmits the other signal to the other antenna unit. The antenna unit multiplexes a signal received by the antenna unit and a signal received by the other antenna unit, and outputs the multiplexed signals to the base-station main body. The base-station main body demultiplexes the multiplexed signals, and transmits the demultiplexed signals to the network. Each antenna unit includes a demultiplexer of a single-input and three-outputs and a multiplexer of three-inputs and a single-output.
US08391245B2	Terminal device, base station device, and frequency resource allocation method It is possible to realize reduction of inter-cell interference by an adaptive FFR with a low delay. A terminal (200) includes: an interference condition detection unit (209) which detects an interference condition of other cell to the local cell; a cell identification unit (210) which acquires signals for cell identification of each base station; and a sub-band selection unit (211) which selects a sub-band used for the downstream line transmission to the local station according to the interference condition detected by the interference condition detection unit (209) and the signals for cell identification of each base station obtained by the cell identification unit (210). Thus, the terminal (200) can autonomously select a small sub-band of inter-cell interference and to realize reduction of the inter-cell interference by the adaptive FFR with a low delay.
US08391233B2	Method for mapping downlink dedicated pilots to resource elements in extended cyclic prefix frame structure A method for mapping downlink dedicated pilots to resource elements in an Extended Cyclic Prefix frame structure, applied in a long term evolution system, includes the following steps: the first downlink dedicated pilot of each port is mapped to the specific position of a physical resource block; other downlink dedicated pilots of the port are mapping-processed according to the time-domain interval, frequency-domain interval and a preset regulation; the time-domain interval is two or three OFDM symbols, and the frequency-domain interval is two subcarriers of the same time domain. By defining the positions of pilots in the physical resource block, downlink dedicated pilots can obtain the information of all channels when a base station uses a beamforming of more than four antennas. Making the channel information obtained by dedicated pilots contain the real channel information and the process-weight-value of a beamforming, a UE does not need to obtain the transmission-weight-value of a beamforming, thereby avoiding the feedback overhead of beamforming weight-values.
US08391214B2	Assigning radio channels in a wireless network A method and apparatus are provided for assigning radio channels to a set of base stations in a wireless network, including determining a plurality of available radio channels that the set of base stations have at their disposal for communications, selecting at least one of the plurality of available radio channels for a first plurality of the base stations, selecting at least another one of the plurality of available radio channels for at least a second plurality of the base stations, and assigning the selected radio channels to the corresponding pluralities of base stations.
US08391210B2	Radio communication system and radio transmission path control method An IP address is assigned to each of IP bearers, and a mobile anchor device (GWN) 33, which serves as an anchor in a mobile communication system, manages association among an identifier of a mobile terminal 7, those IP addresses, and identifiers that identify radio access means. A handover between different radio access networks 1 and 3 is implemented by assigning an IP address already used in a handover source IP bearer to a handover destination IP bearer. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a mobile communication system and a communication method for enabling a handover between radio transmission paths respectively established by different radio communication methods in a next generation mobile communication system.
US08391207B2	Method for transmitting data in a relay system and system therefor A method and system for transmitting data from a base station to a mobile station in a wireless communication system using a multiple hop relay scheme is In a multi-hop system having a plurality of nodes, performing bidirectional data transmission between the nodes comprises: grouping the plurality of nodes into a first node group to a fourth node group, and assigning data transmission intervals to the grouped node groups at each frame, the data transmission intervals dividing each frame in time; receiving, by a second group node, data from an upper group node at a first frame and, at the same time, receiving, by a third group node, data from a lower group node; and transmitting by the second group node data to the upper group node at a second frame and, at the same time, transmitting by the third group node data to the lower group node.
US08391204B2	Method and apparatus for setting an integrity protection uplink application time for signalling bearer RBO in a universal mobile telecommunications system The details of an apparatus and method are disclosed for setting the Uplink RRC message sequence number for a new integrity protection configuration to be applied for signalling radio bearer RB0, on completion of a UTRAN MOBILITY INFORMATION procedure. The sequence number is set to a value such that the next RRC message to be sent on uplink RB0 will use the new integrity protection configuration.
US08391203B1	System and method for data link layer handoffs in a wireless network A wireless device may establish a data connection with a 2G or 3G wireless network, which the wireless device can then use to engage in packet data communications with other devices on packet data networks. The wireless device may then roam from one wireless network to the other wireless network, such by roaming from the 2G wireless network to the 3G wireless network or vice versa. The wireless device may then transfer its data connection between the networks, thereby allowing the wireless device to continue in any established data sessions with other devices.
US08391198B2	Reliable synchronization apparatus and method within a multicast and broadcast service zone A reliable synchronization apparatus and method within a multicast and broadcast service (MBS) zone having m sync executers (SEs) belonging to n retransmission zones is provided. Each retransmission zone has a selected leader SE and other member SEs. The apparatus comprises a sync controller and the n selected leader SEs. When the Sync controller multicasts a sync ruler to all SEs in a retransmission zone, the leader SE that loses the Sync ruler sends a NACK message to request the sync controller to retransmit the sync ruler. An election is triggered for updating leader information and announcing election to all SEs. The member SE that loses the sync ruler sends a NACK message to request its leader or the Sync controller to retransmit the sync ruler.
US08391195B1	Assisted transport of communications for wireless communication devices What is disclosed is a method of operating a wireless communication device. The method includes establishing an assisted wireless link between the wireless communication device and an assisted wireless communication device, where the assisted wireless link comprises a first wireless communication mode that requires tuning to a first frequency spectrum, and establishing a transport wireless link between the wireless communication device and a wireless access node, where the transport wireless link comprises a second wireless communication mode that requires tuning to a second frequency spectrum. The method includes receiving forward communications for the assisted wireless communication device from the wireless access node over the transport wireless link, transferring the forward communications over the assisted wireless link for receipt by the assisted wireless communication device, receiving reverse communications transferred by the assisted wireless communication device over the assisted wireless link, and transferring the reverse communications for receipt by the wireless access node over the transport wireless link.
US08391193B2	Wireless communication device, wireless communication system, wireless communication method, and computer program There is provided a wireless communication device including a beacon signal exchanging unit for exchanging a beacon signal with another wireless communication device, a connection management unit for establishing a connection relationship with the another wireless communication device by exchanging the beacon signal, a pause management unit for exchanging information on a predetermined pause period with the another wireless communication device, with which the connection relationship is established, and pausing the own operation until the predetermined pause period has elapsed from the predetermined time, and a beacon slot management unit for setting a beacon slot to be used for transmission of the beacon signal. The beacon slot management unit sets the beacon slot after elapse of the predetermined pause period, and the beacon signal exchanging unit transmits the signal for a predetermined period using the beacon slot after the predetermined pause period has elapsed and the beacon slot is set.
US08391186B2	VoIp dial plan analysis and improvement based on design patterns A computer implemented method that analyzes and improves a dial plan. A dial plan design template system receives an existing dial plan. The dial plan design template system models the existing dial plan as a directed graph. The dial plan design template system analyzes the directed graph to determine compliance with a set of edge rules. The dial plan design template system analyzes the directed graph to determine compliance with a set of connectivity type rules.
US08391177B2	Use of minimal propagation delay path to optimize a mesh network The present technology relates to protocols relative to utility meters associated with an open operational framework. More particularly, the present subject matter relates to protocol subject matter for advanced metering infrastructure, adaptable to various international standards, while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field. The present subject matter supports meters within an ANSI standard C12.22/C12.19 system while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field, all to permit cell-based adaptive insertion of C12.22 meters within an open framework. Particular present features relate to the use of minimal propagation delay path to optimize a mesh network.
US08391167B2	Method to precisely and securely determine propagation delay and distance between sending and receiving node in packet network and packet network node system for executing the method A system and method for determining a propagation delay between nodes in a packet network are provided. The system and method include sending a ping packet from a source node to a destination node, determining an intermediate node delay of the ping packet at an intermediate node and recording the intermediate node delay in the ping packet and determining the propagation delay at the destination node by using the intermediate node delay.
US08391166B2	Adaptive packet size modification for voice over packet networks A system and method for reducing end-to-end delay associated with telephone calls carried over a voice over packet network in a manner that avoids overloading of the network. The system and method involves monitoring one or more parameters indicative of an amount of bandwidth being utilized on the voice over packet network, responsive to the monitoring, determining that a level of bandwidth utilization on the voice over packet network has changed, responsive to the determination that the level of bandwidth utilization on the voice over packet network has changed, issuing a command to a telephony device, and responsive to receipt of the command by the telephony device, changing the size of packets used for carrying frames of encoded voice signals associated with a telephone call from a first packet size to a second packet size.
US08391164B2	Computing time-decayed aggregates in data streams Aggregates are calculated from a data stream in which data is sent in a sequence of tuples, in which each tuple comprises an item identifier and a timestamp indicating when the tuple was transmitted. The tuples may arrive out-of-order, that is, the sequence in which the tuples arrive are not necessarily in the sequence of their corresponding timestamps. In calculating aggregates, more recent data may be given more weight by multiplying each tuple by a decay function which is a function of the timestamp associated with the tuple and the current time. The tuples are recorded in a quantile-digest data structure. Aggregates are calculated from the data stored in the quantile-digest data structure.
US08391143B2	Classification and verification of static file transfer protocols Classification and verification of static file transfer protocols is provided. A network node sitting in the path of packets classifies traffic according to its content, and then statistically verifies that the content actually matches the initial classification. Classification and verification are standard building blocks in networks systems that provide quality-of-service. However, unlike traditional quality-of-service building blocks, a system of the present invention takes a trust-but-verify approach, and thus can rely on longer-timescale statistical online or offline verification to reduce computational requirements. This improves scalability and reduces the cost and complexity that in part has prevented prior service differentiation systems from succeeding in the Internet. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can combine the classification and verification building blocks with a networked directory service to allow further classification as to whether particular content is for pay.
US08391140B2	Deduplicated data processing rate control A plurality of workers is configured for parallel processing of deduplicated data entities in a plurality of chunks. The deduplicated data processing rate is regulated using a rate control mechanism. The rate control mechanism incorporates a debt/credit algorithm specifying which of the plurality of workers processing the deduplicated data entities must wait for each of a plurality of calculated required sleep times. The rate control mechanism is adapted to limit a data flow rate based on a penalty acquired during a last processing of one of the plurality of chunks in a retroactive manner, and further adapted to operate on at least one vector representation of at least one limit specification to accommodate a variety of available dimensions corresponding to the at least one limit specification.
US08391130B2	Method and apparatus for estimating and reducing interference in wireless communication systems Methods and apparatuses for estimating and reducing interference in wireless communication systems are disclosed. As one example, a method for reducing interference in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method includes the steps of generating a tile for transmission, the tile including a first portion and a second portion, inserting small message information into the first portion or the second portion, if the small message information is inserted into the first portion, inserting data into the second portion, and if the small message information is inserted into the second portion, inserting the data into the first portion.
US08391128B2	Mobile communication system, receiver and method A transmitter in a mobile communication system code-multiplexes transmission symbols together with spreading codes, performs inverse Fourier transform and transmits the result from multiple transmit antennas. A receiver in the mobile communication system performs Fourier transform on signals received at multiple receive antennas, extracts signal components of individual subcarriers and estimates symbols in accordance with a QR decomposition algorithm. A unitary matrix is derived such that a product of a spreading matrix including spreading elements as its elements and a channel matrix representing radio channel states is equal to a product of the unitary matrix and a triangular matrix. A reception vector, a unitary matrix and a triangular matrix are used to estimate symbol candidates transmitted from individual transmit antennas.
US08391125B2	Method and device for managing channel matrix A method for managing a channel matrix is provided. The method includes: obtaining whether a user logs on or logs off; adding a history record of channel information of the user to a channel matrix when the user logs on; recording current channel information of the user in the channel matrix and deleting the channel information of the user from the channel matrix when the user logs off. The channel matrix may be timely updated based on when the user logs on or off. Accordingly, the channel crosstalk is eliminated timely and correctly according to the channel matrix, and the affection on the crosstalk eliminating capacity caused by the user logs on or logs off can be avoided.
US08391123B2	Optical recording medium including multiple layers and a pre-write area An optical recording medium provided with one or a plurality of recording layers includes an adjustment data recording area for recording therein adjustment data used for adjusting focus or spherical aberration of laser light used for recording/reproduction, the adjustment data recording area being disposed at a predetermined position on each of the one or plurality of recording layers, and a determination information recording area for recording therein determination information indicating whether or not the adjustment data has been recorded in the adjustment data recording area in each of the one or plurality of recording layers.
US08391121B2	Optical head device and reading system for multi-layered optical recording medium A recording and reading system for a multi-layered optical recording medium includes: a multi-layered optical recording medium including a plurality of recording layers and a single servo layer; and an optical head. The optical head includes a recording and reading objective lens of a signal recording and reading optical system and a servo objective lens of a servo signal detection optical system that are disposed on a common actuator. The recording and reading objective lens is mounted on the common actuator through a minute-drive apparatus so as to be minutely driven in a focusing direction relative to the servo objective lens. When the servo objective lens is focused on the servo layer, a reading light beam is quickly focused on a target one of the plurality of recording layers.
US08391107B2	Slider for heat assisted magnetic recording including a photo detector for monitoring laser power An apparatus includes a slider including an air bearing surface and a waveguide configured to receive light from a light source, a sensor positioned to receive a portion of light emitted by the light source prior to the light exiting the slider at the air bearing surface, and a controller controlling the light source power in response to a characteristic of the sensor.
US08391103B2	Method for accentuating specular and non-specular seismic events from within shallow subsurface rock formations A method for evaluating subsurface formations includes deploying at least two intersecting seismic transducer lines above an area of the subsurface to be surveyed. Each line includes spaced apart seismic transmitters on one side of the intersection and spaced apart seismic receivers on the other side. On each line, one of the transmitters is actuated and signals are detected at one of the receivers. The foregoing is repeated for each of the remaining receivers. The foregoing is then repeated for each of the remaining transmitters on each line. The detected signals are processed to enhance both specular and non-specular seismic events in the subsurface. The enhanced events may be stored and/or displayed.
US08391100B2	Semiconductor memory apparatus A semiconductor memory apparatus includes a counting control circuit and an address counting circuit. The counting control circuit is configured to generate a first counting start signal, a second counting start signal and a counting count signal in response to an auto-refresh signal, a voltage stabilization signal and a fuse control signal. The address counting circuit is configured to count a plurality of count addresses in response to the first counting start signal, and to count one or more specified count addresses from among the plurality of count addresses in response to the second counting start signal and the counting control signal.
US08391098B2	Data input/output circuit and method of semiconductor memory apparatus A first timing control unit controls an active timing of a first control signal to output a first driving control signal. A first data input/output unit transmits write data from a data input/output buffer to a global input/output line or transmits read data from the global input/output line to the data input/output buffer, in response to the first driving control signal. A second timing control unit controls an active timing of a second control signal to output a second driving control signal. A second data input/output unit transmits the write data from the global input/output line to a local input/output line or transmits the read data from the local input/output line to the global input/output line, in response to the second driving control signal.
US08391097B2	Memory word-line driver having reduced power consumption A word-line driving circuit for driving a word-line in a memory array includes a NAND circuit having a pair of address inputs and an output, an output inverter circuit having an inverter power supply node, an input coupled to the output of the NAND circuit and an output for providing a word line signal, a power gate coupled between a first power supply node and the inverter power supply node, and a control circuit coupled to the power gate. The control circuit controls the power gate to place the word line driver circuit in active or standby mode in response to the output of the NAND circuit.
US08391088B2	Pseudo-open drain type output driver having de-emphasis function, semiconductor memory device, and control method thereof A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, an output driver having a pseudo-open drain (POD) structure and providing read data from the memory cell array in a de-emphasis mode, and control logic controlling the output driver in response to a read command to activate the de-emphasis mode. The control logic activates the de-emphasis mode only during an output period during which the read data is output by the output driver.
US08391076B2	Nonvolatile memory device using interleaving technology and programming method thereof A nonvolatile memory device using interleaving technology is provided. The nonvolatile memory device includes a first controller configured to allocate one of 2N threshold voltage states to N-bit data where N is 2 or a natural number greater than 2, a second controller configured to set a difference between adjacent threshold voltage states among the 2N threshold voltage states so that the difference increases as a threshold voltage increases, and a programming unit configured to form a threshold voltage distribution state corresponding to the allocated threshold voltage state and to program the N-bit data to a multi-level cell. The second controller controls the difference between the adjacent threshold voltage states to equalize the number of read errors for all intersections among the 2N threshold voltage states at the end of life.
US08391071B2	Readout circuit and semiconductor storage device A readout circuit has a sense amplifier to compare a cell current which changes according to whether a memory cell is on or off to a reference current to output a comparison signal of a first logic value upon detecting that the cell current is smaller than the reference current, and to output a comparison signal of a second logic value upon detecting that the cell current is greater than the reference current, the readout circuit outputting a data output signal depending upon an output of the sense amplifier. The reference current is set to be greater than a middle value between a first cell current, which flows when the memory cell is in an off-state, and a second cell current, which flows when the memory cell is in an on-state, the reference current is greater than the first cell current and is smaller than the second cell current. The sense amplifier outputs the comparison signal of the second logic value unless the sense amplifier detects that the cell current is smaller than the reference current as a result of a comparison made between the cell current and the reference current, wherein the sense amplifier outputs the comparison signal of the second logic value regardless of whether the sense amplifier detects that the cell current is greater than the reference current.
US08391062B2	Nonvolatile memory device and related method of programming A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises pre-programming multi-bit data in a plurality of multi-level memory cells, reading the pre-programmed multi-bit data from the plurality of multi-level cells based on state group codes indicating state groups of the plurality of multi-level cells, and re-programming the read multi-bit data to the plurality of multi-level cells.
US08391061B2	Flash memory and associated methods In a method of operation, a flash memory cell coupled to a bit-line is programmed, a word-line voltage is coupled to the flash memory cell, a first voltage pulse is coupled to a bias transistor coupled between the bit-line and a sense capacitance at a first time to couple the bit-line to the sense capacitance to generate data to indicate the state of the flash memory cell, a second voltage pulse is coupled to the bias transistor at a second time having a second magnitude that is different from a first magnitude of the first voltage pulse, and a third voltage pulse is coupled to the bias transistor at a third time having a third magnitude that is different from the second magnitude of the second voltage pulse. In a method of operation, the second voltage pulse occurs a first delay period after the first voltage pulse and the third voltage pulse occurs a second delay period after the second voltage pulse, the second delay period being different from the first delay period.
US08391046B2	Memory cell array Disclosed is a memory cell array including: word lines and first and second bit lines respectively connected to memory cells, wherein each memory cell includes a MOS transistor and a switching element formed inside a contact hole, the switching element includes first and second conductive layers and a gap in which a resistance value is changed by applying a predetermined voltage, each word line is connected to a gate electrode, each first bit line is connected to a second electrode, each second bit line is connected to the second conductive layer, and data is written by supplying a write voltage to the first bit line connected to the selected memory cell and specifying the word line connected to the memory cell, and data is read by supplying a read voltage to the first bit lines connected to the memory cell and specifying the word line connected to the memory cells.
US08391041B2	Magnetic memory device The present invention provides a magnetic memory device capable of providing high-speed access without increasing an array area. Gate word lines are respectively linearly disposed between source impurity regions and drain impurity regions within a memory cell array area. Gate word line protrusions are respectively provided at boundary regions of memory cell forming regions. Contacts relative to the gate word line protrusions are respectively provided at boundary regions of memory cells at adjacent columns. The drain impurity regions are respectively disposed with being shifted from the centers of the memory cell forming regions in such a manner that spaces between the drain impurity regions become large in the regions in which the protrusions are disposed.
US08391040B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device According to one embodiment, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a first memory chip, a second memory chip, and a control chip. The first chip includes a first inductor configured to transmit/receive a signal, and a memory cell. The second chip is disposed on the first chip and includes a second inductor configured to transmit/receive a signal, and a memory cell. The control chip includes a control circuit configured to control the first and second chips, and a third inductor configured to transmit/receive a signal to/from the first and second inductors. The outer peripheries of the first and second inductors are included in a closed space produced by extending the outer periphery of the third inductor in a direction perpendicular to a plane that includes the third inductor. The inductance of the third inductor is greater than at least one of the inductances of the first and second inductors.
US08391036B2	Selective enablement of power supply sections for improving efficiency Systems and methods are disclosed for maximizing the efficiency of a power supply according to the value of a load to be powered. One embodiment provides a power supply system including a first and second stage. The first stage has at least one AC to DC conversion section for converting an AC input to DC at an upper DC voltage value. The second stage has at least one DC to DC regulation section for converting at least a portion of the DC at the upper DC voltage value to DC at a lower DC voltage value and supplying the lower DC voltage value to a DC output. One or both of the first and second stages includes more than one section operating in parallel. A controller selectively enables a selected combination of the AC to DC conversion sections and the DC to DC regulation sections according to an expected or actual value of the load.
US08391035B2	Integrated-type high step-up ratio DC-AC conversion circuit with auxiliary step-up circuit An integrated-type high step-up ratio DC-AC conversion circuit with an auxiliary step-up circuit applies to converting a low DC voltage of alternative energy into a high AC voltage. The conversion circuit uses an isolated Cuk integration unit and an auxiliary step-up unit to form a multi-phase input and uses parallel charging and cascade discharging to boost the DC voltage in the DC side with a low voltage power switches and low duty cycle and then converts the boosted DC voltage into AC voltage. The auxiliary step-up unit not only shares the entirety of power but also exempts the DC-side circuit from using high voltage power switches, whereby the cost of elements is reduced. Further, the conversion circuit can decrease the switching loss and conduction loss of the DC-side switches and promote the efficiency of the circuit.
US08391033B2	Power transfer devices, methods, and systems with crowbar switch shunting energy-transfer reactance The present application discloses methods, circuits and systems for power conversion, using a universal multiport architecture. When a transient appears on the power input (which can be, for example, polyphase AC), the input and output switches are opened, and a crowbar switch shunts the inductance which is used for energy transfer. This prevents this inductance from creating an overvoltage when it is disconnected from outside lines.
US08391030B2	Switching mode power supplies and associated methods of control Switching mode power supplies and associated methods of control are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method for controlling a switching mode power supply includes determining whether the switching mode power supply is in a burst mode. If the switching mode power supply is in the burst mode, the method includes recording a switching time with and without switching pulses to obtain a current value of an equivalent frequency and generating a peak current limit that decreases as a load becomes lighter based on the equivalent frequency, thereby maintaining the equivalent frequency at the current value above an audible range. If the switching mode power supply is not in the burst mode, the method includes continuing to monitor whether the switching mode power supply is in the burst mode.
US08391025B2	Preemptive protection for a power convertor Among many embodiments, a power conversion apparatus and a method for converting power are disclosed. The power conversion apparatus may include switching components configured to create an alternating current; a preemptive detector arranged and configured to provide, in advance of the alternating current reaching a zero-crossing, a control signal responsive to the alternating electrical current approaching the zero-crossing; and a controller configured, at least in part, to change a state of the switching components before the zero crossing, in response to the control signal.
US08391006B2	Water jacket for cooling an electronic device on a board A water jacket includes a channel which accommodates MCM and through which a coolant runs, and the channel has a throttle part of which a flow passage sectional area is smaller than other parts and which is at the upstream of the MCM.
US08390984B2	Capacitor substrate structure The disclosed is a capacitor substrate structure to reduce the high leakage current and low insulation resistance issue of organic/inorganic hybrid materials with ultra-high dielectric constant. The insulation layer, disposed between two conductive layers, includes multi-layered dielectric layers. At least one of the dielectric layers has high dielectric constant, including high dielectric constant ceramic powder and conductive powder evenly dispersed in organic resin. The other dielectric layers can be organic resin, or further include high dielectric constant ceramic powder dispersed in the organic resin. The substrate has an insulation resistance of about 50KΩ and leakage current of below 100 μAmp under operational voltage.
US08390982B2	Thin-film capacitor having a connecting part of a lead conductor disposed within an opening in a protective layer A thin-film capacitor and a method for making the thin-film capacitor having a structure that can prevent vertical stress acting on outer connecting terminals, such as bumps, from concentrating on electrode layers, and capable of easily increasing the equivalent series resistance to a desired value. The thin-film capacitor includes a substrate, a capacitor unit disposed above the substrate and composed of at least one dielectric thin film and two electrode layers, a protective layer covering at least part of the capacitor unit, a lead conductor electrically connected to one of the electrode layers of the capacitor unit, and a bump disposed above the lead conductor. The lead conductor includes a connecting part disposed in an opening in the protective layer and electrically connected to one of the electrode layers of the capacitor unit, and a wiring part extending over the protective layer. The bump is disposed above the wiring part.
US08390971B2	Protection for an integrated circuit The present invention relates to a discharge structure for an overvoltage and/or overcurrent protection, in particular to a discharge structure for an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection, for an integrated circuit (IC), and to an ESD protection device for an IC comprising such a discharge structure and to a method for making such a structure. The present invention particularly relates to such a discharge structure (50, 52) which comprises at least two discharge paths (40, 80) provided to conduct a current to a terminal (60), whereas substantially all of the discharge paths (40, 80) present substantially the same resistance for the current.
US08390965B2	Over-current protection device for multiple high-voltage motive devices and method thereof An over-current protection device for multiple high-voltage motive devices is provided. The over-current protection device includes a comparison module and a logic operation module. The comparison module receives a plurality of voltages generated from a plurality of operating currents of a plurality of high-voltage motive devices and respectively compares the voltages with at least one reference voltage to generate a plurality of comparison results, wherein the high-voltage motive devices are solenoids, electronic clutches, or a combination of solenoids and electronic clutches. The logic operation module receives the comparison results and generates at least one control signal for a plurality of high-voltage motive device driving circuits according to the comparison results. The high-voltage motive device driving circuits respectively drive the high-voltage motive devices according to the control signal.
US08390958B2	Suspension substrate, suspension, head suspension, hard disk drive, and method for manufacturing the suspension A suspension substrate according to the present invention includes an insulating layer, a metallic support layer provided on one face of the insulating layer, a wiring layer provided on the other face of the insulating layer, the wiring layer including a plurality of wirings and an alignment section located in a substrate main body region and isolated from each wiring. Further, in the substrate main body region, an alignment through hole is provided to extend through the metallic support layer, insulating layer and alignment section of the wiring layer. This alignment through hole is used for alignment for the actuator elements.
US08390950B2	Reducing the obstruction of air flow through a bypass channel associated with a disk drive using an electrostatic pass-by filter Embodiments of the present invention pertain to reducing the obstruction of air flow through a bypass channel associated with a disk drive. According to one embodiment, disk drive filtering system includes a selective filtering region, an electrostatic pass-by filter, and a filter free region. The selective filtering region is disposed within a bypass channel. The electrostatic pass-by filter is disposed within the selective filtering region and is used for filtering the air that flows through the selective filtering region. The filter free region is disposed proximate to the electrostatic pass-by filter so that a substantial portion of the air is allowed to flow unobstructed through the selective filtering region.
US08390938B2	Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus equipped with same A zoom lens has a plurality of lens units including, in order from its object side to image side, a first lens unit having a negative refracting power composed of two lens elements including a biconcave negative lens and a positive lens, and a second lens unit having a positive refracting power composed of four lens elements including a positive lens and a negative lens. During zooming from the wide angle end to the telephoto end, a distance between the lens units changes, and the second lens unit moves toward the object side. The zoom lens has an aperture stop that moves integrally with the second lens during the zooming and satisfies a specific condition.
US08390936B2	Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus having the zoom lens A zoom lens includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power, a third lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a rear lens unit including one or more lens units. An interval between respective adjacent lens units varies during zooming such that an interval between the first lens unit and the second lens unit is larger at a telephoto end than at a wide-angle end and an interval between the second lens unit and the third lens unit is smaller at the telephoto end than at the wide-angle end. The third lens unit includes at least one negative lens. An Abbe number (νd3n) and a relative partial dispersion (θgF3n) of a material of the negative lens are appropriately set based on predetermined conditional expressions.
US08390935B2	Projection zoom lens and projection display device A projection zoom lens includes: a first lens group that has a negative refractive power, is fixed when power varies, and has a focusing function; a second positive lens group; a third positive lens group; a fourth negative lens group; a fifth positive lens group; and a sixth lens group that has a positive refractive power, is fixed when power varies, and includes an aperture diaphragm arranged closest to a magnification side. The first to sixth lens groups are arranged in this order from the magnification side, and the second to fifth lens groups are moved when power varies. All lenses are single lenses. The ratio of the back focal length Bf of the entire system to the focal length f of the entire system at a wide angle end is more than 2.5. The Fno. is constant in the entire power variation range.
US08390930B2	Optical element and manufacture method thereof An optical element and image capture lens structure. The optical element includes a substrate and an optical component with at least one effective area and non-effective area, formed on the substrate, wherein the non-effective area has a rough surface. The image capture lens structure includes a substrate, an optical component formed on the substrate, and a spacer with a micro structure, attached to the substrate by an adhesive, wherein the micro structure is located between the adhesive and the optical component to prevent the overflow of the adhesive.
US08390925B2	Laboratory slide A laboratory slide (2) for mounting, processing or storing a laboratory sample, has a recess (3) in a surface (4) of the slide (2). An inert sheet (5) has a chip (8) applied to the sheet (5) and the sheet (5) covers the recess (3) so that the chip (8) is fully received in the recess (3). The sheet (5) includes an antenna (6) which is arranged to establish communication between the chip (8) and an electric or electronic read/write device and the sheet (5) covers both the chip (8) and antenna (6) to protect them.
US08390923B2	Optical amplifier and optical amplification method There is provided an optical amplifier including a pump light source to generate a pump light being capable of changing a wavelength thereof, a first rare earth doped medium to amplify an input signal light by using the pump light generated by the pump light source, a second rare earth doped medium to amplify the input signal light output from the first rare earth doped medium by using a residual pump light that is a portion of the pump light generated by the pump light source, and a wavelength controller to control a wavelength of the pump light generated by the pump light source, based on an input level of the input signal light.
US08390922B1	Phase matching for difference frequency generation and nonlinear optical conversion for planar waveguides via vertical coupling A high index contrast waveguide based source for radiation. In some embodiments, the radiation is in the 0.5-14 Terahertz regime. Waveguides are provided that permit the generation of radiation at the sum and/or difference frequency of two input beams. In order to control the power level within the waveguide, embodiments in which pluralities of similar or identical waveguide are provided, and the input radiation is divided among the plurality of waveguides. The output radiation can be steered by applying phased array methods and principles.
US08390919B2	Electronic paper display device and manufacturing method thereof There is provided an electronic paper display device and a manufacturing method thereof. The electronic paper display device includes first and second electrodes facing each other with a predetermined gap therebetween; partitions dividing a space between the first and second electrodes into a plurality of cell spaces; first and second ridge portions formed on the first and second electrodes and allowing for a streamlined electric field in the cell spaces; and rotatable balls disposed in the respective cell spaces and having electrical and optical anisotropy. The electronic paper display device controls the linear movement of the rotatable ball through a streamlined electric field, and thus the stability of an image is achieved, and a superior contrast ratio is provided.
US08390917B1	Multiple line single-pass imaging using spatial light modulator and anamorphic projection optics Two substantially one-dimensional scan line images are simultaneously generated by modulating a two-dimensional homogenous light field using a spatial light modulator having light modulating elements arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. An upper group of modulating elements are configured using a first scan line image data group, and a lower group of modulating elements are configured using a second scan line image data group. The homogenous light source is then pulsed (toggled) to direct the two-dimensional homogenous light field onto the spatial light modulator. The resulting two-dimensional modulated light field is directed through an anamorphic optical system, which images and concentrates the modulated light on an imaging surface such that two parallel one-dimensional scan line images are simultaneously formed on the imaging surface.
US08390913B2	Circularly polarized light-emitting nanoparticle Provided is a compound semiconductor nanoparticle that exhibits circularly polarized luminescence characteristics. CdS prepared inside a core of ferritin, which is a cage-like protein, exhibits a high circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). A wavelength of the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) can be controlled by laser irradiation, thereby enabling utilization of the compound semiconductor nanoparticle in the field of bionanotechnology, for example, in creating a WORM (Write-Once Read-Many times) memory. As the cage-like protein, which is a protein with a cavity formed therein, a protein belonging to the ferritin protein family, such as apoferritin, or a recombinant thereof can be used.
US08390903B2	Image reading apparatus An image reading apparatus includes: a reading unit outputting an output value based on reflection light from a sheet or a reference member; a white reference value generating unit generating a group of white reference values based on the output value under one of the plurality of reading conditions while the light source unit is turned on; a white reference value storing unit; a white reference value converting unit converting the group of white reference values into a group of white reference values of a different reading condition based on a correlation between the reading condition and the different reading condition; a sheet reading control unit controlling the reading unit to read the sheet while turning the light source unit on with the luminosity and lighting time stored in the white reference value storing unit; and a shading correcting unit performing a shading correction for the output value.
US08390898B2	Image recording apparatus An image recording apparatus includes a sheet feed tray, a sheet feed roller, an image recording unit, an output unit, a first conveying unit configured to convey a recording medium from the sheet feed tray to the output unit via the image recording unit, and a second conveying unit configured to return the recording medium, which has conveyed via the image recording unit, to the sheet feed tray. The image recording medium further includes an image memory configured to store image data to be recorded by the image recording unit and a controller configured to control the sheet feed roller, the image recording unit, the first conveying unit, and the second conveying unit to record the image on the recording medium. The controller is configured to control the sheet feed roller to start feeding a following recording medium subsequent to a preceding recording medium fed by the sheet feed roller irrespective of whether or not the image data for the following recording medium is stored in the image memory. The controller is further configured to, when it is determined that there is no image data stored therein, return the following recording medium to the sheet feed tray via the image recording unit and via the second conveying unit.
US08390897B2	Method and system for controlled production of security documents, especially banknotes A method and system for controlled production of security documents, especially banknotes, wherein the security documents are subjected to a plurality of successive printing and processing operations on a plurality of processing stations. At least one production order is defined that may be subdivided into a plurality of production loads each being assigned a machine-readable load identifier. Selected processing stations are assigned to process the production order according to the production workflow. Each production load is selectively processed through the processing stations depending on the determined production workflow of the corresponding production order defined for each production load, whereby each production load is first subjected to a load acceptance procedure based on its machine-readable load identifier before being authorized to be processed on a selected processing station among the available processing stations.
US08390893B2	Encoding and screening electronic integral images in printing systems A method for encoding and screening electronic integral images in a printing system includes receiving an electronic integral image having a plurality of sub-images comprised of image data, wherein at least one sub-image is spaced apart from another sub-image by a background area; adding temporary image data to at least a portion of the background area image data based on image data of one or more surrounding sub-images so as to reduce the spatial variance across at least a portion of the electronic integral image and to make it more compatible to data compression without significant signal or data loss; and subsequently removing the temporary image data added to the electronic integral image so as to reconstruct an accurate representation of the electronic integral image. A system for encoding and screening electronic integral images is also disclosed.
US08390891B2	Image processing apparatus and method for quantizing pixel of interest by error diffusion method A quantizing unit, error detector, error diffusion matrix, and adder quantize a pixel of interest of an input image by an error diffusion method. A calculation unit and gain adjuster calculate a value to be added to the pixel of interest with reference to quantized pixels. The adder adds the calculated value to the pixel of interest. A control unit controls the calculation of the gain adjuster.
US08390890B2	Halftone image generation method and image processing system and computer program product thereof A halftone image generation method used in a system including an image input module and a halftoning processing module for generating a halftone image is disclosed. First, an original image is received by the image input module and a dot diffusion process is performed to the original image to generate the halftone image using a first class matrix with a first size and a corresponding first diffused weighting matrix with a first diffused area size, wherein the first class matrix indicates a processing order of the dot diffusion process and the first class matrix with the first size, the first diffused area size and the corresponding first diffused weighting matrix with the first diffused area size are optimized results determined in advance by the halftoning processing module according to class matrixes of different sizes and diffused areas of different sizes.
US08390885B2	Methods and system for improved color characterization Methods and systems are presented for characterizing a printer, display or other color reproduction device in which parametric and nonparametric forward color transforms are generated to construct a forward color device transform to characterize the mapping of CMYK input data to Lab data of the device, with the parametric transform adapted to compensate for drifting performance of the color reproduction device.
US08390883B2	Image processing apparatus, image forming apparatus, and recording medium for overprint processing An image processing apparatus that comprises an obtaining section that obtains data of numerical values or numerical expressions used to describe a drawing process, and a generating section that generates, based on data obtained by the obtaining section, image information including color information on a color of each of a plurality of pixels, the image information having a first set of color information that describes using a color space different from a color space defined by colors of colorants used by an image forming section, and a second set of color information that specifies an amount of black colorant used by the image forming section.
US08390882B2	Systems and methods for estimating the color of coated prints A method for estimating the color of a coated print includes: measuring the color of an uncoated print with a color measuring device; and estimating the color of the print when coated by a coating process based on the uncoated color measurement using a function that correlates uncoated color measurements and coated color measurements; and adjusting at least one parameter of the printing process based on the coated color estimation. The correlating function may be derived by measuring the color of a plurality of uncoated color patches; measuring the color of the plurality of patches after the patches have been coated by the coating process; and correlating the color of the coated patches with the uncoated patches based on the coated and uncoated color patch measurements.
US08390880B2	Printing apparatus, method and program for automatic image quality adjustment based on combination of correction amounts and display of image and correction information A printing apparatus having a displaying portion, a display controlling unit, and a print controlling unit.
US08390879B2	Image forming apparatus An image forming apparatus includes a effective resolution determinator for forming a plurality of patch patterns different in resolution by the output engine, checking by sensor whether or not the patch patterns formed by the output engine are developed with developer, and determining that a resolution of the patch pattern with highest resolution recognizable by the sensor is an effective resolution which can be outputted by the output engine; and a dot counter for counting number of dots constituting an image of not less than effective resolution in the printing data, by which an error in estimated toner consumption, caused by dots too small to be developed, is reduced.
US08390870B2	Recording apparatus, control method therefor, program, and computer-readable storage medium for printing on surface A recording apparatus comprises a writing unit adapted to write data on a recording medium, a selection unit adapted to select data to be written on the recording medium from a storage medium configured to store a plurality of data, and a display control unit adapted to cause a display device to display a display screen concerning printing before the data selected by said selection unit is copied from the storage medium onto the recording medium, wherein said display control unit causes the display unit to display the display screen if there is a restriction on the number of times of copying of the data.
US08390862B2	Scan solution system A document data producing part produces document data in which first meta data is embedded based on a document template and a data source; a printing part prints the document data in a paper document; a scanning part obtains a scanned image from scanning the paper document after predetermined processing is carried out thereon after the printing, and obtains various sorts of information provided at the time of the scanning as second meta data; and a processing part carries out predetermined processing according to the paper document with reference to the document template, based on the first meta data obtained decoded from the scanned image and the second meta data obtained at the time of scanning.
US08390845B2	Image processing apparatus, image processing system, cooperation method for the image processing apparatus, and computer-readable medium An image processing apparatus is provided with a terminal designation accepting portion that accepts a designation by a user to designate an IP address of a terminal to be connected to the image processing apparatus and a setting data control portion that sends, to the terminal, setting data that includes an IP address of the image processing apparatus itself based on the IP address of the terminal that is designated by the user. Thereby, in the case where the image processing apparatus is caused to cooperate with other apparatus via a communication line, a more user-friendly operation for the cooperation can be provided with the security of the image processing apparatus protected compared to conventional systems.
US08390836B2	Automatic review of variable imaging jobs A VI production system and method for automatic review of variable imaging job output includes a VI interpreter includes raster image processing for producing electronic output document images based on a variable imaging job included in a VI job stream. A proofing process includes obtaining sample document images from the output document images, and for each obtained sample document image, performing a review procedure. The review procedure includes comparing the obtained sample document image to a corresponding expected document image selected from the expected database to determine differences between the obtained sample document image and the corresponding expected document image. Based on at least one difference being determined, the differences are resolved by displaying the obtained sample document image on the user interface, indicating in the displayed sample document image each of the differences, and performing a difference procedure based on an operator input.
US08390827B2	Drawing processing apparatus, image outputting apparatus, method for drawing processing and computer readable medium A drawing processing apparatus is provided and includes: a plurality of character definition information memories each storing definition information on a character shape; a registering portion that, when a drawing command containing the definition information on the character shape is received, determines one of the plurality of character definition information memories for each character contained in the drawing command, depending on whether the definition information on the character shape is simple definition information that defines the character shape itself of the character or is a combinational definition information that defines a combination of simple or combinational definition information defining components of the character; and a drawing process instructing portion that instructs to read, from the plurality of character definition information memories, the definition information on the character shape corresponding to the character to be processed, to execute a drawing process of the each character contained in the drawing command.
US08390824B1	Laser based focusing method A method for adjusting an object distance for focusing upon a face of an item, including a data carrying graphical that is placed within a field-of-view of a fixed focal length imaging device. The method employs using parallax focusing techniques to produce a laser spot indicator, and further calls for providing a fixed on-screen focusing target to indicate a location to which the laser spot indicator must be moved and positioned before in-focus imaging activities can be realized. This abstract is provided to comply with rules requiring abstracts, and is submitted with the intention that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope and meaning of the claims.
US08390814B2	Interactive variable pathlength device This disclosure relates generally to a sampling device, and more particularly, a sampling device that facilitates spectroscopic measurements with a variable path length and the necessary software controlled algorithms and methods for such a device.
US08390810B2	Color sensing device A color sensing apparatus (10) includes an optical system (16) that produces a spatially uniform light beam (18).
US08390808B1	Enhanced OVL dummy field enabling “on-the-fly” OVL measurement methods A semiconductor wafer may include a dummy field configured to enable overlay measurements. The enhanced dummy field may include a plurality of encoding blocs that enable OVL measurements to be made throughout the enhanced dummy field.
US08390807B2	Light guiding device A light guiding device is operable to receive incident light emitted by a light source through a capture surface. The received light exits the light guiding device through an exit surface provided adjacent to and aligned with an aperture of light receiver. In this manner, light from the light source can be inserted into the receiver where it may be combined with additional incident light captured by the receiver. The light source might be a projector and the light projected may correspond to operational data relating to the operation of the receiver or images corresponding to data captured by a further receiver device operating with a different form of sensor or in a different region of the spectrum. In order to improve the composite image observed by a user of the light receiving device, the operation of the light source can be controlled to vary the intensity of the light emitted. In one example, this variation can be in response to the ambient light level, as sensed by a suitable sensor. An additional or alternative variation is to vary the intensity in a pulsed manner between a peak and a low level.
US08390804B2	Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy employing vibrating nanorods A surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) apparatus, system and method employ a plurality of nanorods configured to vibrate. The apparatus includes the nanorods having tips at free ends opposite an end attached to a substrate. The tips are configured to adsorb an analyte and to vibrate at a vibration frequency. The apparatus further includes a vibration source configured to vibrate the free ends of the nanorods at the vibration frequency in a back-and-forth motion. Vibration of the nanorods is configured to facilitate detection of a Raman scattering signal emitted by the analyte adsorbed on the nanorod tips. The system further includes a synchronous detector configured to receive the Raman signal and to be gated cooperatively with the vibration of the nanorods. The method includes inducing a vibration of the nanorods, illuminating the vibrating tips to produce a Raman signal, and detecting the Raman signal using the detector.
US08390796B2	Oil state monitoring method and oil state monitoring device Disclosed are an oil state monitoring method and an oil state monitoring device which monitor the state of degradation of oil used in machinery or equipment. In monitoring the oil state by the oil state monitoring method and by the oil state monitoring device, oil used in machinery or equipment is filtered when the degradation state of the aforementioned oil is to be monitored. By means of filtration, the oil content is removed from the filter which captured contaminants that were present in oil prior to filtration. Light is projected onto the filter from which oil was removed. The projected light detects the color components of the transmitted light which penetrated the aforementioned filter.
US08390788B2	Spectral purity filters for use in a lithographic apparatus According to an aspect of the present invention, a spectral purity filter includes an aperture, the aperture being arranged to diffract a first wavelength of radiation and to allow at least a portion of a second wavelength of radiation to be transmitted through the aperture, the second wavelength of radiation being shorter than the first wavelength of radiation, wherein the aperture has a diameter greater than 20 μm.
US08390779B2	Exposure apparatus, exposure method, and method for producing device An exposure apparatus includes a projection optical system which is capable of forming an image of a first pattern in a first exposure area and which is capable of forming an image of a second pattern in a second exposure area, the second pattern being different from the first pattern, and a first detecting system which obtains at least one of position information about the image of the first pattern and position information about the image of the second pattern. A positional relationship between the images of the first and second patterns and a predetermined area on a substrate is adjusted based on a detection result to perform multiple exposure for the predetermined area on the substrate with the images of the first and second patterns. The substrate can be subjected to the multiple exposure efficiently.
US08390776B2	Thin film transistor array and method of manufacturing the same A method of manufacturing a thin film transistor array substrate includes: forming a gate pattern on a substrate; forming a first gate insulating film and a second gate insulating film on the substrate; forming a source/drain pattern and a semiconductor pattern on the substrate; forming a passivation film on the substrate; forming a photo-resist pattern on the passivation film; patterning the passivation film using the photo-resist pattern to form a passivation film pattern, the patterning of the passivation film including over-etching the passivation film to form an open region in the passivation film; forming a transparent electrode film on the substrate; removing the photo-resist pattern and a portion of the transparent electrode film on the photo-resist pattern; and forming a pixel electrode on the first gate insulating layer.
US08390772B2	Liquid crystal display device A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, a plurality of pixels each one of which has a tranmissive display portion for performing a tranmissive display operation and a reflective display portion for performing a reflective display operation, a first electrode provided in the first substrate, a second electrode provided in the first substrate and a third electrode provided in one of the first substrate and the second substrate. The first electrode is arranged both in the tranmissive display portion and in the reflective display portion. The second electrode is arranged in the tranmissive display portion. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to control an alignment of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is provided with a plurality of slits formed to extend along a perpendicular axis that is perpendicular to an interface of the tranmissive display portion and the reflective display portion. The third electrode is arranged in the reflective display portion. The second electrode and the third electrode are configured to be provided with voltage independently.
US08390767B2	Display panel and method for manufacturing the same A method of manufacturing a display panel, the method includes forming a display panel including a first substrate, the first substrate including a pixel electrode disposed thereon, a second substrate including a common electrode disposed thereon, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and the second substrates, the liquid crystal layer including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules and a plurality of ultraviolet (“UV”)-curable particles; and curing a portion of the UV-curable particles by irradiating light on the display panel, wherein an exposure voltage, which is greater than a maximum data voltage corresponding to maximum grayscale data of the display panel, is applied between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. Also described is a display panel.
US08390766B2	Light-regulation membrane A light-regulation membrane easy for installation and maintenance is disclosed to include a PDLC film having two conducting layers prepared by high-reflection black and transparent materials made by means of depositing titanium oxide on a base layer of polyethylene terephthalate by means of spattering deposition and electrically connected to an external power source and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the conducting layers, a surface structure consisting of a hard coating layer and an anti-stain layer on one side of the PDLC film, and an adhesion layer formed the opposite side of PDLC film and releasably adhered to a transparent object. So, the transparency of the light-regulation membrane can be regulated from opaque to clear or reversely while the transmittance of the PDLC film being adjusted by the power, and then any light source passing through the light-regulation membrane can be controlled.
US08390756B2	Backlight unit, method for assembling the same and liquid crystal display device using the backlight unit A back light unit includes a light guide plate having a rectangle shape with first and second edges and a light source having a light element to emit light to a first edge of the light guide plate. The light guide plate emits the incident light from the light source to a liquid crystal display panel as a flat light source. An elastic frame is integrally formed with first and second frame elements in a rectangle shape so as to surround the light guide plate. The light source includes a metal frame clipped by a clip shape implemented provided in the first frame element. The first edge facing the second edge of the light guide plate is fitted to the metal frame. The second edge of the light guide plate is fitted to a second frame element having a clip portion for clipping the light guide plate.
US08390754B2	Display device A display device includes a substrate, a display region having a pixel switch, a pixel electrode which is connected to the pixel switch, and a transparent common electrode formed over the substrate, a peripheral region having a gate signal line which is connected to the pixel switch, and a common connection line which is connected to the transparent common electrode, an insulating layer which is disposed on the gate signal line and the common connection line, a conductive layer which is disposed on the insulating layer and crosses the gate signal line and crosses the common connection line in the peripheral region, a first semiconductor film which is disposed between the insulating layer and the conductive layer, and a second semiconductor film which is disposed between the insulating layer and the conductive layer and is separated from the first semiconductor film.
US08390753B2	Thin film transistor array panel and liquid crystal display having the same A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a colored subsidiary light blocking member covering a space between first and second pixel electrodes. First and third shield electrodes are placed under a data line. The first and third shield electrodes are disposed parallel to the data line and across the data line from each other. A second shield electrode connects the bottom end of the first shield electrode with the top end of the third shield electrode at an angle of about 30 degrees to about 150 degrees. With this structure, light leakage at a gap between the pixel electrode and a possible short between the shield electrodes are prevented.
US08390750B2	Liquid crystal display device In a liquid crystal display device where pixel electrodes and counter electrodes are arranged on one substrate in a stacked manner by way of an insulation layer, it is possible to lower a drive voltage while maintaining optical transmissivity. Pixels each of which includes a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode and a counter electrode are arranged on a substrate in a matrix array. A first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode in one pixel include a plurality of comb-teeth portions respectively. The first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode are alternately arranged on the same layer in an opposed manner with a gap defined between the comb-teeth portion of the first pixel electrode and the comb-teeth portion of the second pixel electrode. The first and second pixel electrodes and the counter electrode are arranged in a stacked manner with an insulation layer sandwiched therebetween.
US08390746B2	Remote control method and remote control apparatus A remote control method for a device under control which selects one of an information signal of the device under control and an information signal from at least one external device is disclosed. The device under control is inquired about an information signal selection state when a key in common with the device under control and the external device is operated on an operation section. A remote control signal corresponding to the key that has been operated is transmitted to the device under control when the information signal selection state replied from the device under control represents a signal selection state of the device under control. A remote control signal corresponding to the key that has been operated is transmitted to the external device when the information signal selection state replied from the device under control represents a signal selection state of the external device.
US08390738B2	Video apparatus and method of measuring jitter/wander A video apparatus for processing an input video signal in synchronization with an external reference signal is provided. The video apparatus includes a phase compensation FIFO memory and a measuring device. The phase compensation FIFO memory is configured such that the input video signal is written in synchronization with a clock demodulated from the input video signal and the video signal is read in synchronization with an internal reference clock of the apparatus generated from the external reference signal. The measuring device is configured to measure an amount of jitter/wander of the input video signal based on a calculation of a difference between data volume of the video signal obtained in the FIFO memory and a predetermined reference volume.
US08390728B2	Image processing apparatus and method An image processing apparatus may include an image frame determiner to determine one standard image frame and at least one reference image frame using light field data about a scene, a point spread function determiner to determine a point spread function based on sub-pixel displacement between the standard image frame and the at least one reference image frame, an image interpolator to interpolate the standard image frame into a high-resolution standard image frame having a higher resolution than the standard image frame, and an image restorer to restore a high-resolution image by updating the high-resolution standard image frame using the generated high-resolution standard image frame, the point spread function, and the at least one reference image frame.
US08390726B2	Solid-state imaging device with pixels having first and second optical waveguides with shifted positions, and imaging apparatus including the solid-state imaging device An imaging device includes a basic cell having two or more the pixels that share floating diffusion. The imaging device also includes a transistor shared by the two or more pixels in the basic cell and arranged on the outside of the two or more pixels. The imaging device further includes a light receiving unit connected to the floating diffusion shared by the pixels in the basic cell through a transfer gate. In the imaging device, on-chip lenses are arranged substantially at regular intervals. Also, an optical waveguide is formed so that the position thereof in the surface of the solid-state imaging device is located at a position shifted from the center of the light receiving unit to the transistor and in the inside of the light receiving unit and the inside of the on-chip lens.
US08390714B2	Solid-state imaging device and camera system When making a potential of a floating node 0V at the time of nonselection, electrons leak from the floating node to a photodiode and noise is generated. A MOS type solid-state imaging device comprised of unit pixels 10, each having a photodiode 11, a transfer transistor 12 for transferring a signal of this photodiode 11 to a floating node N11, an amplifier transistor 13 for outputting a signal of the floating node N11 to a vertical signal line 22, and a reset transistor 14 for resetting the floating node N11, arranged in a matrix, wherein, as a buffer final stage 29 for driving a drain line 23, a buffer final stage having an inverter configuration formed by arranging a P-type MOS transistor on a ground side is used, thereby making the potential of the floating node N11 for example 0.5V at the time of nonselection and preventing electrons from leaking to the photodiode 11 through the transfer transistor 12.
US08390713B2	Photoelectric conversion device and image-pickup apparatus In a photoelectric conversion device, groups of unit pixels are arranged in a well, where each of the unit pixels includes photoelectric conversion elements, an amplifier transistor, and transfer transistors. The photoelectric conversion device includes a line used to supply a voltage to the well, a well-contact part used to connect the well-voltage-supply line to the well, and transfer-control lines used to control the transfer transistors. The transfer-control lines are symmetrically arranged with respect to the well-voltage-supply line in respective regions of the unit-pixel groups.
US08390697B2	Image processing apparatus, image processing method, imaging apparatus, and program An image processing apparatus includes: a global motion estimation apparatus that performs global Motion Estimation on current and reference images and then outputs a Motion Vector, wherein the global motion estimation apparatus includes a motion estimation processing unit that has a function of executing an LK method two or more times across a whole screen to perform the global motion estimation between the current and reference images; and the motion estimation processing unit obtains a set of motion vectors based on at least information about pixel value variations and information in which a calculation result of an arbitrary calculation expression is added across a whole screen in first motion estimation, and determines whether to perform addition on each pixel according to a set condition when obtaining the at least information, and obtains and outputs a new set of motion vectors as a result of a second LK method when the condition is satisfied in second motion estimation.
US08390691B2	Device and method for processing photographic image data Disclosed herein is a photographing device that includes a number of light-receiving elements, a number of vertical transfer registers, a first drive-voltage applying electrode, and a second drive-voltage applying electrode. The light-receiving elements are arranged in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. The vertical transfer registers transfers the electric charges accumulated in the light-receiving elements in the vertical direction. The first drive-voltage applying electrode is arranged parallel to the vertical transfer registers, for applying a drive voltage to a specific one of the vertical transfer registers. The second drive-voltage applying electrode is arranged perpendicular to the vertical transfer registers, for applying a second drive voltage to the vertical transfer registers at the same time. The electric charges accumulated in the light-receiving elements are transferred to the vertical transfer registers, due to the voltage output from the first drive-voltage applying electrode or the second drive-voltage applying electrode, or the voltages output from both electrodes. Therefore, the light-receiving elements can have different sensitivities, and the photographing device can photograph dynamic scenes in a broad dynamic range.
US08390690B2	Dynamic range extending method and apparatus using subsampling A method and apparatus subsampling a plurality of signals from one frame of a pixel array, pixels within the pixel array belonging to one of at least two sets, each set configured to sense values of a same image parameter, includes controlling integration times for first and second signals for each set output from the pixel array, controlling including using a first integration time for the first signal of the set and using a second integration time, different than the first integration time, for the second signal of the set, and calculating a synthesized value for each set using the first and second signals having different integration times.
US08390689B2	Optical apparatus that prevents displacement of subject images due to an initializing operation An optical apparatus is disclosed which can prevent displacement of subject images due to an initializing operation of the image stabilizing unit from being seen by a photographer through a finder. The apparatus comprises an image-stabilizing unit which includes a movable unit movable for image stabilization and balls movable in conjunction with the movement of the movable unit, and a controller which controls operations of the movable unit. The controller causes the movable unit to perform a specific operation for moving the balls to a specific position in response to mounting of the optical apparatus on another optical apparatus, the specific operation being a different operation from an image stabilization operation of the image-stabilizing unit.
US08390688B2	Device, method and system of registering wireless communication modules Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods of registering wireless video communication modules. A method of registering wireless video modules may include, for example, transmitting a first registration message from a first wireless video communication module to a second wireless video communication module, wherein the first registration message includes first information identifying the first module to the second wireless video communication module; receiving at the first module a second registration message from the second wireless video communication module, wherein the second registration message includes second information identifying the second module to the first wireless video communication module; and based on the first and second registration messages, registering the first video communication module at the second wireless video communication module and the second video communication module at the first wireless video communication module. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US08390679B2	Capsule endoscope device A capsule endoscope device includes an illumination unit that illuminates a living tissue using at least one of a white light illumination unit and a special light illumination unit; an imaging unit that captures an image of the tissue; a transmission unit that transmits imaging information containing the image; a storage unit that stores a threshold with respect to information on a distance between the endoscope and the tissue; a detection unit that detects the information; and an output unit that compares the information with the threshold, selects an image capturing condition of a special light observation mode if the distance is not larger than the threshold, selects an image capturing condition of a normal light observation mode if the distance is larger than the threshold, and outputs the selected image capturing condition to an operation unit related to image capturing.
US08390666B2	Terminal and control method thereof A mobile terminal includes: a first controller configured to control a function related to a call; a second controller configured to control a multimedia function such as a camera; and a relay module configured to transfer information required between the first and second controllers, wherein the second controller provides control to continuously capture an image during call communication, and when displaying of the captured image is stopped for the call communication, the controller provides control to display the image by displaying it starting from the point at which the displaying was stopped when the call communication is terminated.
US08390665B2	Apparatus, system and method for video call Provided are an apparatus, system and method for facilitating a video call between a first caller and a second caller, the apparatus including: an image sensor which captures an image of the first caller; a display which displays an image of the second caller; a microphone which captures audio input by the first caller; a speaker which plays audio input by the second caller; a detector which is operable to determine a location of the first caller; and a controller which controls the detector to determine the location as corresponding to an original location, wherein if the first caller changes from the original location to a new location, the controller controls the detector to determine the location as being the new location and controls the microphone to readjust based on the determined new location of the first caller.
US08390664B2	Hand-held electrical communication device and image processing method thereof A hand-held electrical communication device including an image sensing unit, a mobile TV receiver, an image signal processing unit, a display unit and a baseband processing unit is provided. The image sensing unit generates an original image frame. The mobile TV receiver receives a compressed video data. The image signal processing unit adjusts the original image frame to be an adjusted image frame or decompresses the compressed video data into a video image frame, and respectively scales the adjusted image frame or the video image frame to be a scaled image frame. The baseband processing unit displays the scaled image frame on the display unit.
US08390663B2	Updating a local view A method including creating a local view for a local endpoint, where the local view is created from a local topology for the local endpoint, where the local topology is created from a central topology, scanning for a request to change the local view for the local endpoint, and updating the local view for the local endpoint when the request to change the local view will not violate the local topology for the local endpoint and will not violate the central topology.
US08390649B2	Electronic device input control system and method An electronic device comprises an input translation module configured to translate relative motion of the electronic device into input to an application executing on the electronic device, the application causing image content to be displayed on a display screen of the electronic device, and an input control interface configured to indicate at least one component of the relative motion relative to a reference point.
US08390645B1	Method and system for rendering connecting antialiased line segments A method for rendering a plurality of line primitives. The method includes the step of accessing a first line primitive and a second line primitive of a line strip. For a junction between the first line primitive and the second line primitive, the first line primitive and the second line primitive are geometrically modified to generate an abutting edge between the first line primitive and the second line primitive. A majority status is assigned to a pixel on the abutting edge. A first color of the first line primitive or a second color of the second line primitive is allocated to the pixel in accordance with the majority status.
US08390644B2	Methods and apparatus for color uniformity Methods and apparatus for achieving color and luminance uniformity in color output devices. In one embodiment, measurements of luminance and chrominance are taken at various regions of the display surface for a range of color inputs. Using the collected data, a color volume is formed for each of the measured regions. This color volume comprises a set of all colors producible at the measured region. The color volumes for each of the measured regions are then used to generate a common color gamut, i.e., a volume of colors that are producible in each of the measured regions. A gamut mapping can then be performed for all or a portion of the positions on the display surface to a target color gamut. Input data for the gamut mapping process may be determined by conventional interpolative techniques.
US08390632B1	Rendering device, non-transitory computer readable medium, and image output apparatus A rendering device includes a temporary memory, rendering processing units, and a rendering control unit. The temporary memory stores one or more rendering instructions and rendered results therefor in association. The rendering processing units perform rendering processing in accordance with a rendering instruction, store, when one or more similar rendering instructions exist for pages for which rendering processing was consecutively performed, the rendering instructions and rendered results therefor in association in the temporary memory, and read and use, when rendered results associated with one or more rendering instructions are stored, the rendered results. The rendering control unit performs control for assigning a rendering instruction to one of the rendering processing units and causing the rendering processing unit to perform rendering processing, calculates the usage rate of stored rendered results at a timing, and performs switching of an assigning method when the usage rate is lower than a threshold.
US08390631B2	Synchronizing queued data access between multiple GPU rendering contexts Synchronized access to a shared surface from multiple rendering contexts is provided. Only one rendering context is allowed to access a shared surface at a given time to read from and write to the surface. Other non-owning rendering contexts are prevented from accessing and rendering to the shared surface while the surface is currently owned by another rendering context. A non-owning rendering context makes an acquire call and waits for the surface to be released. When the currently owning rendering context finishes rendering to the shared surface, it release the surface. The rendering context that made the acquire call then acquires access and renders to the shared surface.
US08390628B2	Facial animation using motion capture data Methods and apparatus for facial animation using motion capture data are described herein. A mathematic solution based on minimizing a metric reduces the number of motion capture markers needed to accurately translate motion capture data to facial animation. A set of motion capture markers and their placement on an actor are defined and a set of virtual shapes having virtual markers are defined. The movement of the virtual markers are modeled based on an anatomical model. An initial facial capture is correlated to a corresponding virtual reference shape. For each subsequent facial capture, a delta vector is computed and a matrix solution determined based on the delta marker, initial positions, and set of virtual shapes. The solution can minimize a metric such as mean squared distance. The solution can be manually modified or edited using a user interface or console.
US08390627B2	Text processing device and text processing method thereof A text processing device and text processing method are provided. The method includes steps: receiving input characters; displaying current input characters with a predetermined magnification ratio; judging whether length of the input characters is more than the predetermined maximum length, if not, receiving input characters, and if yes, adjusting display state on the text processing device according to the predetermined magnification ratio and the predetermined maximum length.
US08390621B2	System and method for calculating multi-resolution dynamic ambient occlusion A system and method for generating a three-dimensional image is provided. An embodiment of the present invention includes calculating the ambient occlusion at a vertex in multiple, independent stages. Determining the global AO at the vertex may be performed using a first technique. Determining the local AO at the vertex may be performed using a second technique. The total AO can be found as a function of the local AO and global AO.
US08390620B1	Technique for converting non-conforming hexahedral-to-hexahedral interfaces into conforming interfaces A technique for conforming an interface between a first mesh and a second mesh is disclosed. A first interface surface in the first mesh and a second interface surface in the second mesh residing along the interface are identified. The first and second interface surfaces are initially non-conforming along the interface. Chords within the first and second interface surfaces that fall within a threshold separation distance of each other are paired. Sheets having chords that reside within the first or second interface surfaces are recursively inserted into or extracted from one or both of the first and second meshes until all remaining chords within the first interface surface are paired with corresponding chords in the second interface surface and all remaining chords within the second interface surface are paired with corresponding chords in the first interface surface.
US08390608B2	Plasma display apparatus A plasma display apparatus according to the present invention efficiently accumulates charges in respective electrodes, using a driving signal supplied in a second set-down period, to prevent a flickering erroneous discharge caused by deficiency of wall charges. As a result, the plasma display apparatus can improve picture quality of a display image.
US08390607B2	Liquid crystal display panel, liquid crystal display device, photo detecting device and light intensity adjustment method The present invention discloses a liquid crystal display panel, liquid crystal display device, photo detecting device and light intensity adjustment method. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a plurality of first scan lines, a plurality of first data lines, a plurality of first thin film transistors, a plurality of liquid crystal pixel units and a built-in photo detecting module. The plurality of first thin film transistors are respectively disposed at intercrosses of the plurality of first scan lines and the plurality of first data lines, and each of the first thin film transistors is connected to the first data line and the first scan line. Each of the first thin film transistors is used to drive a liquid crystal pixel unit. The built-in photo detecting module detects light and outputs a multi-bit digital signal corresponding to the intensity of the light.
US08390592B2	Detection system for approach recognition A detection system for the approach recognition of a hand or arm movement in the direction a display or control unit. The detection takes place in two stages by way of long-range detection and close-range detection. The first stage detects using at least one optical or acoustic sensor.
US08390591B2	Proportional area weighted sensor for two-dimensional locations on a touch-screen A touch sensor is provided including a controller and a planar layout having an edge and an interior portion. Further including a connector coupling the touch controller to the layout; a substrate made of a first material; and sensing elements made of a second material formed on the substrate and covering the layout without overlapping. Sensing elements have non-monotonic widths from the center along two perpendicular directions, and a centroid. The touch sensor including pass-through traces to couple edge to interior portions to determine two-dimensional locations for touches using a weighting that is proportional to an overlap area of the sensor elements and their centroids. The substrate may be made of a dielectric and the sensing elements made of a conductor. A method for using a controller circuit having a memory to store centroid locations and determine a two-dimensional location on a touch screen as above is also provided.
US08390590B2	Information input apparatus and information input method An information input apparatus which displays a plurality of buttons on a display unit, detects an indicated position by a positional coordinate detection unit arranged on the display unit and inputs information corresponding to an indicated button includes: an incorrect input judgment unit for judging whether or not input information which is input when a to-be-selected button selected from the plurality of buttons is indicated is incorrect input; a pattern selection unit which makes a user select one button arrangement pattern from a plurality of button arrangement patterns including the to-be-selected button at a predetermined position when the incorrect input judgment unit judges that the input information is incorrect input.
US08390585B2	Method and device for releasing lock function of mobile terminal A method and device for releasing a lock function of an input device of a mobile terminal are provided. The method of releasing a lock function of an input device of a mobile terminal includes detecting a user's input, determining whether the lock function of the input device is set, displaying, if it is determined that the lock function of the input device is set, display data representing that the input device is in a locked state and displaying function data of a function to be entered upon release of the lock function of the input device, and entering, immediately upon performance of a preset lock release operation, a specific function corresponding to the function data.
US08390581B2	Software based touchscreen A software touchscreen displayed on start up for a LAN for an automated light. The software touchscreen is displayed by the software on initial startup, and later, after the initial startup, the same touchscreen is used for controlling the light.
US08390578B2	Sensing device, display device, electronic apparatus, and sensing method A sensing device includes: a plurality of sensors that are arrayed on a screen and that generate first detection signals each having a level corresponding to a touch state of an object on the screen or a distance between the object and the screen; a read unit that reads the first detection signals from the plurality of sensors at predetermined periods; a binarization unit that compares a level of each of the first detection signals read by the read unit with a threshold value and generates a second detection signal that is binarized; a determination unit that determines whether or not the object touches the screen on the basis of each second detection signal; a detection unit that detects a touch position of the object on the screen on the basis of each second detection signal; and a control unit that controls the read unit such that the predetermined period becomes a first period when the determination unit determines that there is no touch and that controls the read unit such that the predetermined period becomes a second period shorter than the first period when the determination unit determines that there is a touch.
US08390570B2	Method of operating a handheld device for directional input A directional input device for use in a handheld device is disclosed herein. The directional input device provides input to an element of the user interface in response to the inclination of the handheld. The input device can be embedded into any handheld communicating or computing device to provide directional input to an element of the user interface of the handheld without consuming space on the face of the device that could otherwise be used for a larger screen.
US08390569B2	Optical trackpad module and method of using same An optical trackpad module is described herein. The module includes a light source and a trackpad that is optically coupled to the light source such that light from the light source can reach the trackpad. The trackpad is configured to receive an input object. The module also includes a sensor array that receives at least some of the light from the light source that is reflected off the input object. The sensor array is divided into sub-sections, and each sub-section corresponds to a portion of the trackpad. In addition, each sub-section detects at least translational movement of the input object on the corresponding trackpad portions to enable detection of rotational motion of the input object on the trackpad.
US08390564B2	Display A display including a first substrate, a first electrode, a second substrate, a second electrode, and a mixed solution is provided. The first electrode is disposed on the first substrate, and the second electrode is disposed on the second substrate. In addition, the mixed solution is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. Moreover, the mixed solution includes a solution and a plurality of first neutral micro-particles disposed in the solution.
US08390562B2	Aging based white point control in backlights Systems, methods, and devices are provided for maintaining a target white point on a light emitting diode based backlight. In one embodiment, the backlight may include two or more strings of light emitting diodes, each driven at a respective driving strength. Each string may include light emitting diodes from a different color bin, and the respective driving strengths may be adjusted, for example, through pulse width modulation or amplitude modulation, to maintain the target white point. In certain embodiments, the driving strengths may be adjusted to compensate for shifts in the white point that may occur due to temperature or aging. A controller may adjust the driving strengths based on feedback from a temperature sensor, from an optical sensor, from a user input, or from calibration data included within the backlight or system.
US08390555B2	Liquid crystal display capable of compensating common voltage signal thereof An exemplary liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal panel having a plurality of pixel units arranged in rows, a scanning circuit configured to activate the pixel units row by row by outputting a plurality of corresponding scanning signals, a data circuit configured to provide data voltage signals to the activated pixel units, and a common voltage circuit. Each pixel unit includes a coupling member. When a row of pixel units is activated, all the coupling members in the row of pixel units cooperatively generate a coupling signal according to the data voltage signals applied to the activated row of pixel units, and superpose the coupling signal to the corresponding scanning signal so as to form a feedback signal. The common voltage circuit adjusts a reference voltage signal according to the feedback signal, and provides at least one common voltage signal to the pixel units.
US08390550B2	Method and module for regulating color distribution The invention relates to a method and module for regulating color distribution. In this method, a reference point in a first gamut and a second reference point in a second gamut are found, and then the first gamut is converted to the second gamut based on the first and second reference point.
US08390544B2	LED array with photodetector Embodiments of the present invention provide for an array, and corresponding method of forming an array, that includes a plurality of light emitting devices. The light emitting devices are disposed over a substrate, and a photodetector detects light emitted through the substrate from the light emitting devices. Further, a substantially constant brightness may be maintained in a plurality of light emitting devices disposed over the upper surface of a substrate in an array. Light emitted through the substrate from each of the light emitting devices is measured, and the voltage level applied to each of the light emitting devices is varied to maintain a substantially constant brightness level of light emitted from the light emitting devices.
US08390525B2	Circularly polarized omnidirectional antennas and methods An antenna, suitable for battlefield identification use, employs a multifunctional design. A closed-end coaxial line structure with center conductor has slanted slot radiators provided in its outer conductor. The slot radiators excite a pattern between upper and lower disks of a radial waveguide radiator configuration so that horizontal and vertical components reach the disk circumference with a 90 degree phase differential to provide an omnidirectional antenna pattern of circular polarization. Antennas and methods are described.
US08390522B2	Antenna, component and methods An antenna component (and antenna) with a dielectric substrate and a plurality of radiating antenna elements on the surface of the substrate. In one embodiment, the plurality comprises two (2) elements, each of them covering one of the opposite heads and part of the upper surface of the device. The upper surface between the elements comprises a slot. The lower edge of one of the antenna elements is galvanically coupled to the antenna feed conductor on a circuit board, and at another point to the ground plane, while the lower edge of the opposite antenna element, or the parasitic element, is galvanically coupled only to the ground plane. The parasitic element obtains its feed through the electromagnetic coupling over the slot, and both elements resonate at the operating frequency. Omni-directionality is also achieved. Losses associated with the substrate are low due to the simple field image in the substrate.
US08390514B1	Detection and geolocation of transient signals received by multi-beamforming antenna A bank of order statistic filters applied to a set of antenna or transducer beams are used to detect and determine the line-of-bearing to the source of transient RF (or other, e.g., acoustic) signals. By applying order statistic filters to signals received by a set of antenna or transducer beams, this system sets a detection threshold that is unaffected by transient signals, thereby allowing the detection of these transient signals. Knowing which antenna beam the transient signals are located within allows the determination of a line of bearing to the source of the transient signals.
US08390501B2	Successive approximation register ADC with a window predictive function A successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is disclosed. A first and second capacitor DACs receive a first and second input signals respectively. A first coarse comparator compares an output of the first capacitor DAC with a window reference voltage, a second coarse comparator compares an output of the second capacitor DAC with the window reference voltage, and a fine comparator compares the output of the first capacitor DAC with the output of the second capacitor DAC. A SAR controller receives outputs of the first and second coarse comparators to determine whether the outputs of the first and second capacitor DACs are within a predictive window determined by the window reference voltage. The SAR controller bypasses at least one phase of analog-to-digital conversion of the SAR ADC when the outputs of the first capacitor DAC and the second capacitor DAC are determined to be within the predictive window. The SAR controller decodes the outputs of the first and second coarse comparators and the fine comparator to obtain a converted output of the SAR ADC.
US08390500B1	Asynchronous pulse processing apparatus and method providing signal reverberation An asynchronous pulse processing (APP) apparatus, APP system and a method of signal reverberation employ asynchronous pulse processing to provide signal reverberation. The APP apparatus includes a gain block configured to scale an input signal by a first scale value and a summation block configured to produce a composite signal. The composite signal represents the scaled input signal minus an input summation signal multiplied by a reverberation signal, minus the reverberation signal scaled by a second scale value, and plus a function-modified feedback signal. The APP apparatus further includes an integrator and a time encoder configured to produce the reverberation signal from the composite signal. The APP system includes a plurality of APP apparatuses as APP channels. The method of signal reverberation includes generating a composite signal from a scaled input signal, and integrating and time encoding the composite signal to produce a reverberation signal.
US08390497B2	Method and circuit for encoding and transmitting numerical values from an analog-to-digital conversion process An analog-to-digital converter system and methodology comprising an analog-to-digital converter circuit configured to provide sequentially a plurality of codes designating a numerical value in a first number system. The analog-to-digital converter system further comprising an encoder interface circuit configured to receive the plurality of codes and to derive a redundant digital representation. A portion of the redundant digital representation is transmitted during the conversion period. The encoder interface circuit may be configured to use a numerical successive-approximation algorithm to derive the redundant digital representation. A substantial portion of the redundant digital representation may be transmitted via a serial interface during the conversion period to reduce an overall latency.
US08390496B2	System and method for common mode translation System and method for common mode translation in continuous-time sigma-delta analog-to-digital converters. An embodiment includes a loop filter having an RC network coupled to a differential signal input, a Gm-C/Quantizer/DAC circuit (GQD) coupled to the loop filter, a common-mode level adjust circuit coupled to signal inputs of the GQD, and a tuning circuit coupled to the GQD and the common-mode level adjust circuit. The GQD evaluates an input signal provided by the RC network. computes a difference between a filtered input signal and the feedback quantization signal to generate an error signal, measures the error signal, and compensates for the error signal with sigma-delta noise-shaping. The common-mode level adjust circuit alters a common-mode level of a differential input signal to be substantially equal to a desired common-mode level and the tuning circuit provides a compensation voltage to the common-mode level adjust circuit based on a difference between the common-mode levels.
US08390495B2	MIMO delta-sigma delta analog-to-digital converter using noise canceling A multi-input-multi-output-system (MIMO) is provided that includes a first input signal and a second input signal. A plurality of analog-to-digital converter (ADC) cell structures receive as input a combination of the first input signal and the second input signal as well as a combination of quantization noise signals from the respective other ADC cell structures of the plurality of ADC cell structures. The ADC cell structures generate a plurality of first output signals and the noise quantization signals. A plurality of adder modules receive the first output signals and performing either addition or subtraction on a selected combination of the first output signals, the adder modules generate a plurality of second output signals. A plurality of division modules receive the second output signals and perform a division operation on the second output signals by a predetermined factor. The division modules generate a plurality of final output signals of the MIMO.
US08390486B2	Automatic offset adjustment for digital calibration of column parallel single-slope ADCs for image sensors Various embodiments of the present invention include enabling, during a calibration phase, a counter to count one less than a number of clock periods associated with a determined offset. The counted number of the clock periods is stored in calibration memory. In a conversion phase, inverted outputs are loaded from the calibration memory to the counter, where the counter is enabled to count the clock periods to determine a digital equivalent value of an analog signal amplitude.
US08390477B2	Space monitoring detector Disclosed is an inventory control system or parking space detector including an inductive loop technology that is either embedded in the concrete or located atop the concrete, or any other feasible method of setting an inductive loop. By monitoring the change in inductance of the magnetic field that is generated by the loop as cars of various sizes and weights enter the looped area, a determination of whether or not the inventory is controlled or the parking spaces are all full is made when the inductance value reaches a certain predetermined level. This predetermined level will be determined by calibration in the initial installation in order to determine the exact inductance values when a group of parking spaces are full.
US08390464B1	Integrating refrigerated transport operations and logistics by creating operational states via wireless communications A system allows a remote asset, via an Intelligent Device and interconnected Central Data Server to autonomously, and continuously monitor and update its status on various parameters; and from these, to calculate an overall asset state that may be caused by various combinations of the parameters and to infer the operational states and logistical position of a transport refrigeration unit.
US08390463B2	Emergency signal bracelet A bracelet (100) for use during escape in the event of fire, comprising a housing (110) attached to a strap (120) where the housing (110) is pressed against the wrist when the strap (120) is tightened, and where the housing (110) comprises control electronics for warning by sound- and light units, and where the bracelet (100) comprises a device in the housing (110) which is connected to control electronics in order to detect whether the bracelet (100) is in motion or not, and means for controlling transmission of sound and light on the basis of said detection, and an attachment mechanism for the strap (120) to the housing (110) comprising means for activating the bracelet (100) when the strap (120) is tightened round the wrist.
US08390459B2	Wireless IC device A wireless IC device includes an electromagnetic coupling module, which includes a feeder circuit board having a wireless IC chip arranged to process transmission and reception signals mounted thereon, and a radiation plate. Linear loop electrodes provided in the radiation plate are electromagnetically coupled to planar electrodes located on a surface of the feeder circuit board. A signal received by the radiation plate drives the wireless IC chip. A response signal from the wireless IC chip is transmitted to the outside from the radiation plate. A frequency of the transmission and reception signals is substantially determined by inductance of the loop electrodes, capacitance between the loop electrodes and the planar electrodes, and stray capacitance generated between lines of the loop electrodes.
US08390453B2	Integrated circuit with a rectifier element An integrated circuit with a rectifier element. One embodiment provides a signal source, an electronic circuit and a rectifier element with a copper layer and a cuprous oxide layer adjacent to and in direct contact with the copper layer. The signal source is configured to drive a signal on a signal output terminal that is electrically coupled to the copper layer. The electronic circuit is electrically coupled to the cuprous oxide layer. The rectifier element may be formed between wiring layers of an integrated circuit.
US08390431B1	RFID tags that backscatter more codes RFID reader systems, readers, components, software and methods cause RFID tags to backscatter a combination made from at least portions of a first code and a second code, without transmitting any commands in the interim. The first and/or second codes may include a tag response to a reader challenge. In a number of embodiments, a separate command does not have to be sent for reading the second code along with the first code, thereby saving time in inventorying the tags. Plus, the combination can enable reading tag codes during tag manufacturing that are not otherwise readily available to read in the field. In some embodiments, the combination may further include one or more error-checking codes.
US08390428B2	Identity verification badge and security system An identification and verification security badge is disclosed. The badge includes a keypad that allows the entry of user information that is monitored and verified by a processor within the badge. The processor compares an inputted personal identification number with one that is stored within a memory within the badge. When a match is found, an access code is transmitted that includes at least a badge identification code that uniquely identifies the badge. The badge also includes an on-body sensor that determines the status of the badge with respect to a user. When the sensor determines that the badge is not in close proximately to the user, then transmission from the badge is inhibited. In another aspect, when a transition from one state of the badge sensor to another state is determined, the personal identification number is required to be entered.
US08390422B2	Electric control device for an automobile The invention relates to an electric control device for an automobile, that comprises a touch-surface sensor using pressure-sensitive resistors and to be assembled with a holder (3) having a recessed or protruding three-dimensional surface, characterized in that the touch-surface (1) of the sensor is shaped so that, at the assembled state, a portion of at least the shaped touch-surfaces (1) meet each other while conforming to the shape of said three-dimensional surface (4) in order to define an essentially continuous touch-surface (1).
US08390418B2	Apparatus and method for reducing inductor saturation in magnetic fields This document discusses, among other things, an inductive component that can include a core having two portions: (1) a first portion composed of a first material having a first magnetic saturation level; and (2) a second portion composed of a second material selected to provide inductance for the inductive component when an external magnetic field is greater than the first magnetic saturation level. In an example, the first portion can be composed of a material having a relatively low magnetic saturation level (e.g., a ferrite), and the second portion can be composed of a material having a relatively high magnetic saturation level (e.g., a high permeability iron alloy).
US08390411B2	Tablet device A magnetic attachment mechanism and method is described. The magnetic attachment mechanism can be used to releasably attach at least two objects together in a preferred configuration without fasteners and without external intervention. The magnetic attachment mechanism can be used to releasably attach an accessory device to an electronic device. The accessory device can be used to augment the functionality of usefulness of the electronic device.
US08390407B2	Electromechanical actuator with interdigitated electrodes A micromachined electromechanical (MEMS) actuator including, for example, an electrostatically actuated electrical switch, is provided, including a first set of conducting plates forming part of the movable element of the switch, interdigitated with a set of conducting plates forming part of the substrate. The plates are, in principle, vertical relative to the surface of the substrate; they are in partial heightwise overlap and a control voltage applied between the two sets of plates exerts a vertical force acting so as to move the movable element closer to the substrate. The conducting plates of the movable element are connected to one another by conducting end crosspieces connecting the ends of these plates so as to surround, laterally, the stationary conducting plates. The distance separating one stationary plate end from the mobile crosspiece is the same at both ends so that the forces exerted in the elongation direction of the plates cancel out. This distance is preferably the same for all the plates.
US08390406B2	Mold cased circuit breaker A mold cased circuit breaker, which includes a casing, a switching unit disposed in the casing to open or close an electric circuit, and movable and stationary contactor units present within the casing, includes an arc-extinguishing unit. The arc-extinguishing unit includes a pair of side plates facing each other with being spaced from each other, at least one first grid arranged between the side plates and spaced apart from one another with preset intervals, and a second grid coupled to upper ends of the side plates, spaced apart from the first grid, and having a bent portion with a preset angle.
US08390395B2	High power RF switch with active device size tapering In an improved T/R switch configuration of a radio transceiver, the sizes of active switches coupled in series between the receive port and the common port are tapered such that the voltage referenced to ground across the active devices of the T/R switch is more evenly distributed among the switches which increases the power handling capability of that path. According to one embodiment of the present invention, an RF switch includes a plurality of first switches coupled in series between a transmit port and a common port for transmitting an RF signal, and a plurality of second switches coupled in series between a receive port and the common port. At least two of the plurality of second switches have different sizes such that the at least two of the second switches have substantially the same nodal impedance with respect to a frequency of the RF signal and an RF ground.
US08390371B2	Tunable transconductance-capacitance filter with coefficients independent of variations in process corner, temperature, and input supply voltage A transconductance-capacitance (Gm-C) filter of arbitrary order is provided that is biased by a bias circuit such that the Gm-C filter is robust to variations in process corner and temperature as well as input supply noise. The bias circuit includes a biased transistor that has a width-to-length ratio that is a factor X times larger than a corresponding transistor in the Gm-C filter. The biased transistor couples to ground through a switched capacitor circuit.
US08390365B2	Charge pump system for low-supply voltage A charge pump system for low-supply voltage includes: a clock generator to generate a plurality of clock signals; a clock pump circuit coupled to said clock generator to generate high voltage; a level shifter coupled to said clock generator and said clock pump circuit to generate a plurality of HV (high voltage) clock signals; a main pump circuit coupled to said clock generator and said level shifter to generate output voltage.
US08390364B2	Internal voltage generation circuit for semiconductor apparatus A semiconductor apparatus for generating an internal voltage includes a control code output block and an internal voltage generation block. The control code output block is configured to output a variable code having a code value corresponding to a voltage level of an internal voltage. The internal voltage generation block is configured to compare the variable code to a setting code and controls the voltage level of the internal voltage according to the comparison.
US08390363B2	Circuit, trim and layout for temperature compensation of metal resistors in semi-conductor chips A temperature compensation circuit for generating a temperature compensating reference voltage (VREF) may include a Bandgap reference circuit configured to generate a Bandgap reference voltage (VBGR) that is substantially temperature independent and a proportional-to-absolute-temperature reference voltage (VPTAT) that varies substantially in proportion to absolute temperature. The circuit may also include an operational amplifier that is connected to the Bandgap reference circuit and that has an output on which VREF is based. The circuit may also include a feedback circuit that is connected to the operational amplifier and to the Bandgap reference circuit and that is configured so as to cause VREF to be substantially equal to VPTAT times a constant k1, minus VBGR times a constant k2.
US08390359B2	Low distortion MOS attenuator An attenuation circuit uses a voltage controlled variable resistance transistor as a signal attenuator for receivers operating in the zero Hz to about 30 MHz range. The transistor functions in the linear region to linearize the transistor resistance characteristics used for signal attenuation. In an exemplary application, the attenuation circuit is used as an RF attenuator for AM radio broadcast receivers and amplifiers with automatic gain control. Multiple attenuation circuits can be coupled in parallel, each attenuation circuit having a different sized variable resistance transistor, to form sequentially activated stages that increase the range of attenuation while minimizing distortion.
US08390356B2	Method and system for open loop compensation of delay variations in a delay line The present invention provides a method and system for open loop compensation of delay variations in a delay line. The method includes sensing the Process, Voltage, Temperature (PVT) variations in the delay line using a sensing circuit. A first and second sensitive current are generated based on the PVT variations. The first and second sensitive currents are mirrored currents from the sensing circuit. Then, a first compensation current is generated based on the first sensitive current and a first summing current. The first summing current is a reference current independent of the PVT variations. Further, the first compensation current is mirrored as a second summing current and a second compensation current is generated from the second sensitive current and the second summing current. The second compensation current compensates the delay variations and has a sensitivity based on the sensitivities of the first and second sensitive currents.
US08390355B2	Delay cell for clock signals An integrated circuit for delaying a clock signal using a delay cell is described. The integrated circuit includes a current starved inverter. The current starved inverter includes a switched capacitor current source with a first dummy inverter, a first amplifier coupled to the first dummy inverter and a first capacitor coupled to the first amplifier via a first switch. The current starved inverter also includes a first transistor coupled to the current source. The integrated circuit also includes a second capacitor. A delay applied to the clock signal is dependent on a ratio between the first capacitor and the second capacitor. The first capacitor and the second capacitor may be located in proximity such that process, voltage and temperature variations affect the first capacitor and the second capacitor similarly and the delay applied to the clock signal is independent of process, voltage and temperature variations.
US08390345B2	Apparatus and method for generating ramp waveform A ramp waveform generating apparatus generates a reference waveform by using an input signal and generates a driving control signal for turning on and off a switch having a first terminal connected to a load and a second terminal connected to a power supply by comparing the voltage of the reference waveform with the voltage of the load. While the switch is repetitively turned on and off in accordance with the driving control signal, a ramp waveform may be generated.
US08390332B2	Noise reduction circuit and semiconductor device provided with noise reduction circuit Noise reduction circuit includes first and second reset signal generation circuits generating first and second reset signals activated when a data input signal goes to a low level or a high level and are deactivated in synchronization with a clock signal when a high or low level is maintained, and first and second counter circuits that count an inverted signal of clock signal and are reset by the first or second reset signal. The noise reduction circuit further includes a data output circuit including a selector circuit and an output flip-flop circuit that outputs a signal selected by the selector circuit in synchronization with the clock. The selector circuit selects and outputs any of: signal fixed at a high level or low level, and output signal of the output flip-flop circuit, according to logic levels of output signals of the first and second counter circuit.
US08390327B1	Radiation-tolerant level shifting A system and method for radiation-tolerant level shifting are disclosed. In some embodiments, an integrated circuit may include a plurality of level shifters, where each of the plurality of level shifters configured receive a same logic level in a first voltage domain and to output candidate logic levels in a second voltage domain, and where at least one of the candidate logic levels subject to being different from another one of the candidate logic levels. The integrated circuit may also include a voting circuit coupled to the plurality of level shifters, where the voting circuit is configured to evaluate the candidate logic levels and output a selected logic level based, at least in part, upon the evaluation.
US08390326B2	Method for fabrication of a semiconductor element and structure thereof Re-programmable antifuses and structures utilizing re-programmable antifuses are presented herein. Such structures include a configurable interconnect circuit having at least one re-programmable antifuse, wherein the at least one re-programmable antifuse is configured to be programmed to conduct by applying a first voltage across it and is configured to be re-programmed not to conduct by applying second voltage across it, wherein the second voltage is higher than the first voltage. Additionally, the re-programmable antifuses may be configured to a permanently conductive state by applying an even higher voltage across it.
US08390322B2	Non-volatile logic circuit and a method for operating the same In a non-volatile logic circuit, a first input electrode and a second input electrode are formed on a semiconductor layer and interposed between an electric current source electrode and an output electrode in a plan view. The semiconductor layer is disposed on a ferroelectric layer. A method of operating the non-volatile logic circuit includes a step of writing one state selected from four states by applying voltages to the first and second input electrode, respectively, a step of measuring current generated by applying the voltage between the electric current source electrode and the output electrode to determine, on the basis of the measured current, which of the high or low resistant state the non-volatile logic circuit has.
US08390319B2	Programmable logic fabric A programmable logic circuit comprising a plurality of programmable logic elements and a plurality of programmable interconnect means, and memory means for storing the configuration of the logic elements and interconnect means, wherein said memory means is formed and arranged to store a multiplicity of different configurations for each said logic element.
US08390316B2	Termination resistor scheme An example embodiment of the present invention relates to a method and corresponding apparatus that terminates circuit connectivity in a bus by determining location of an instrument on the bus, and based on coupling a terminating resistance to the instrument. The example embodiment may couple a terminating resistance with the instrument placed at the end of a bus by employing at least one male-to-male connector arranged to establish a connection between the female receptacles of the terminating resistance and the bus. In order to determine a state of termination of circuit connectivity in a bus, an example embodiment of the present invention may connect a transceiver to a terminating resistance and determine a state of termination of circuit connectivity in the bus as a function of sensing receive activity in the transceiver.
US08390315B1	Configurable input-output (I/O) circuitry with pre-emphasis circuitry Circuits and techniques for operating an integrated circuit (IC) with a configurable input-output circuit are disclosed. A disclosed circuit includes a single-ended input-output buffer coupled to an output terminal. The single-ended input-output buffer is operable to transmit an input signal to the output terminal as an output signal. A pre-emphasis circuit that is operable to sharpen a first edge and a second edge of the output signal is coupled between the single-ended input-output buffer and the output terminal. The first edge of the output signal is sharpened when the input signal switches from a first logic level to a second logic level while the second edge of the output signal is sharpened when the input signal switches from the second logic level to the first logic level.
US08390310B2	Test system and test method of semiconductor integrated circuit Provided is a test system of a semiconductor integrated circuit including an output device and an input device for conducting an input/output characteristics test of the output device and the input device inside the semiconductor integrated circuit. In the system, a transmission line provided in a test board where the semiconductor integrated circuit is mounted on establishes a wired connection between an external terminal of one circuit of one of the output device and the input device and external terminals of a plurality of circuits of another one of the output device and the input device.
US08390309B2	Apparatus and method for inspecting homogeneity of solar cell quantum efficiency using imaging device The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for inspecting quantum efficiency homogeneity of a solar cell using a spatial light modulating device. The apparatus includes a light emitting device configured to radiate predetermined light; a spatial light modulating device configured to change a light path of rays emitted from the light emitting device according to individual control of a plurality of pixels; a spatial light modulating device controller configured to individually control the states of the plurality of pixels; a solar cell which the rays passing through or reflected from the spatial light modulating device irradiate; and a calculation controller configured to calculate quantum efficiency of the solar cell based on a photocurrent signal generated from the solar cell.
US08390294B2	Multi-resolution borehole resistivity imaging An apparatus, method and computer-readable medium for obtaining a resistivity image of an earth formation. The apparatus includes a downhole assembly configured to be conveyed in a borehole penetrating the earth formation; a plurality of sensor electrodes on the downhole assembly, at least one of the electrodes having a different area than another of the electrodes; and at least one processor configured to: (i) process measurements using each of the sensor electrodes; (ii) process a subset of the measurements substantially unaffected by the different capacitances to produce an image of the borehole wall; and (iii) record the image on a suitable medium.
US08390285B2	Side-band suppression method and side-band suppression device In a method and device for side-band suppression, a positive eddy current correction factor and negative eddy current correction factor are determined and scanning N/2 times by a positive gradient takes place, and the positive gradient scanning signal is collected during each scan. Scanning N/2 times by a negative gradient also takes place, and the negative gradient scanning signal is collected during each scan. N is an even number. An eddy current correction of the N/2 positive gradient scanning signals collected according to the positive eddy current correction factor is performed as an eddy current correction of the N/2 negative gradient scanning signals collected according to the negative eddy current correction factor. The side-band suppressed spectrum signal according to the N/2 positive gradient scanning signals that have undergone the eddy current correction is calculated, as is the N/2 negative gradient scanning signals that have undergone the eddy current correction. The method and device according to the present invention can effectively suppress the side band.
US08390270B2	Measurement signal coupling device with electrical isolation and electrical equipment unit comprising one such device The coupling device with electrical isolation comprises at least one input signal, an output of an output signal representative of said input signal, and signal transfer means with electrical isolation receiving the input signal and supplying said output signal. The transfer means comprise at least one signal transformer having at least one primary winding to receive a primary signal representative of said input signal, switching means to switch the input signal and supply the latter to said primary winding, and electrically isolated control means of the switching means comprising a control input receiving control signals during switching periods. The electrical switchgear unit comprises one such coupling device connected to measuring resistors and to a processing unit processing electrical protection functions.
US08390247B1	Disconnect for a charging unit for an electric vehicle A device for a plug in vehicle includes a cord with a ball-like covering that allows it to be dropped. The cord bounces when dropped, and no damage is caused. There is also an electrical actuator that is based on when the vehicle is in a mode that allows it to be charged. When the vehicle is in the charge mode, the actuator either magnetically attracts the cord, or tightens against the cord to hold it more tightly If the vehicle is put in reverse, for example, the actuator is deenergized, and the cord is less tightly held, facilitating its disconnection.
US08390243B2	Charge-controlling system and method therefor A charge-controlling system and a method therefor are applicable to a backup power system having a fuel-cell-based power supply and a battery. The charge-controlling system includes a bidirectional converter, a feedback circuit, a voltage controller, a PWM generator, a switch unit and an over-charging protection circuit. The feedback circuit generates a feedback signal corresponding to an output voltage of the bidirectional converter. The voltage controller generates a control voltage according to the feedback signal and a constant voltage, such that the PWM generator generates a PWM signal based on the control voltage. The over-charging protection circuit controls operation of the switch unit according to the feedback signal and a saturation voltage of the battery. When the switch unit electrically connects the bidirectional converter and the PWM generator, the bidirectional converter charges the battery with the power generated by the fuel-cell-based power supply according to the PWM signal.
US08390238B2	Softstarter for controlling an asynchronous three-phase motor A softstarter for starting and stopping an asynchronous motor having three phases, including two pairs of semiconductor devices of the type turning off at zero-crossing of the current therethrough, wherein each of the two pairs of semiconductor devices is connected in anti-parallel, and the first pair of the semiconductor devices is adapted to control the voltage of one of the phases of the motor and the second pair of the semiconductor devices being adapted to control the voltage of another of the phases of the motor, a DC reducing unit associated with the two pairs of semiconductor devices, a first voltage measuring unit for measuring voltages across the two pairs of semiconductor devices, and a first zero-crossing detecting unit configured for detecting zero-crossings of the measured voltages across the two pairs of semiconductor devices and providing zero-crossing signals to the DC reducing unit.
US08390236B2	Drive system for operating an electric device A drive system is disclosed for operating an electric device. The drive system includes an electric motor having a permanent magnet rotor connectable to the electric device for controlling the operation of it by a limited-angle rotation, the electric motor further including a stator winding. The drive system includes a drive circuit connected to the stator winding. The permanent magnet rotor can be arranged to be aligned to a magnetic field created by the stator winding when supplied with current from the drive circuit, so that a maximum torque can be applied to the rotor and thereby to the movable part within an interval of ±25 degrees around a middle position between two end positions of the limited-angle rotation of the rotor.
US08390233B2	High resolution flexural stage for in-plane position and out-of-plane pitch/roll alignment An adjustment structure used in conjunction with an imprinting structure is provided. The adjustment structure includes a sample mount for mounting a sample. An actuator mechanism is coupled to the sample mount, the actuator mechanism producing actuated forces on a X-Y plane to produce movements on a sample mount. A plurality of bladed flexures are positioned on the sample mount. The bladed flexures controls the movements of the sample mount produced by the actuator mechanism so as to allow adjustments in angular alignment about the pitch-roll (θX-θY) rotation axes or the X-Y plane relative to the sample mount so the imprinting structure can perform its operations on the sample.
US08390231B2	Method for obtaining a criterion for detecting obstacles to the closure of an opening The invention relates to a method for obtaining a criterion for detecting obstacles in a closure movement of a motor-driven opening. The obtaining method includes the step of determining a speed of rotation of a motor shaft and the step of determining a quantity representative of a motor voltage. The detection criterion is then obtained by a step for calculating the criterion according to the speed of rotation of the motor shaft and the quantity representative of the motor voltage. This makes it possible to obtain a criterion, which is both robust and inexpensive, for detecting obstacles in a closure movement of a motor-driven opening.
US08390227B2	Electric power control system and efficiency optimization process for a polyphase synchronous machine A system and process includes continuously determining an applied armature voltage supplied to a polyphase synchronous machine for which a maximum mechanical load is characterized by a pull-out torque. The armature voltage is supplied from a power source via one of many taps of a regulating transformer. The armature voltage being supplied from the power source to the machine is changed by selecting one of the voltage levels from the taps of the regulating transformer. The tap voltage levels are selected based on the determined applied armature voltage to minimize power consumption of the machine while ensuring based on a predetermined confidence level that the pull-out torque of the machine will not be exceeded.
US08390226B1	Voltage mode using pseudo current limit According to an aspect of the invention, a method includes: applying a voltage across a motor to accelerate the motor over a predetermined number of time intervals; determining whether a current flowing through the motor decreases as the motor accelerates over the predetermined number of time intervals; and increasing the voltage by a predetermined voltage amount during each time interval if it is determined that the current is decreasing.
US08390215B2	Light emitting diode circuit, light emitting diode driving circuit, voltage selection circuit, and method for driving thereof A voltage selection circuit selecting a minimum voltage from the remainder voltages outputted from the light emitting diode channels is disclosed. The voltage selection circuit includes a first picking circuit, which has the first operation amplifiers, a positive input terminal, an output terminal, a negative input terminal, and an output stage. Each of the first operation amplifiers includes a positive input terminal, an output terminal, a negative input terminal, and an output stage. The positive input terminal receives one of the remainder voltages from one of the first ends of the light emitting diode channels. The output terminal outputs the minimum voltage, in which the output terminals of the first operation amplifiers are connected together. The negative input terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal. The output stage is electrically connected to the output terminal, in which the output stage has current sinking ability stronger than current sourcing ability.
US08390211B2	Constant lumen output control system A constant lumen output control system for providing a constant lumen output throughout the life of a lamp at the mean or preset lumen level. The lumen con system (315) coupled to a lamp driver (310) initially reduces the power to the lamp (330) to prevent the lamp from being operated at power levels that result excess mean or preset lumen levels. With increased lamp usage, the lumen control system gradually increases power to the lamp to compensate for lamp lumen depreciation due to light-reducing mechanisms. By compensating for lamp lumen depreciation the lamp is operated at a constant mean or preset lumen output throughout the life of the lamp.
US08390205B2	LED control using modulation frequency detection techniques A light emitting diode (LED) controller for controlling a plurality of LED channels includes channel select circuitry, detection circuitry, and error processor circuitry. The channel select circuitry is configured to drive N−1 LED channels of a plurality of (N) LED channels at a nominal modulation frequency and to selectively drive a selected one of the N LED channels at a probe modulation frequency. The detection circuitry is configured to receive a composite brightness signal corresponding to brightness signals from the N LED channels. The detection circuitry is further configured to filter the composite bright signal and generate a selected brightness signal corresponding to a brightness of the selected LED channel at the probe modulation frequency. The error processor circuitry is configured to compare the selected brightness signal to user defined and/or preset photometric quantities and generate a control signal for adjusting the brightness of the selected LED channel.
US08390204B1	Automated memorial system A memorial display system is described including at least one memorial device having a plurality light fixtures with each light fixture having at least one light source. Each of the light sources are in electrical communication with a controller circuit that automatically activates and deactivates the at least one light source of each light fixture according to at least one anniversary date and for a duration period stored in the memory. In one embodiment, each light source is part of a light bar with up to 5 lights. The light bars are commonly strung together to create various runs of lighting opportunities allowing for different overall sizes of the automated memorial system.
US08390201B2	Multi-column electron beam exposure apparatus and magnetic field generation device A multi-column electron beam exposure apparatus includes: multiple column cells; an electron beam converging unit in which two annular permanent magnets and electromagnetic coils are surrounded by a ferromagnetic frame, the two annular permanent magnets being magnetized in an optical axis direction and symmetrical about the optical axis, where the electromagnetic coils adjust magnetic fields of the annular permanent magnets; and a substrate provided with circular apertures through which electron beams used in the column cells pass, respectively, where the electron beam converging unit is disposed in each of the circular apertures. The two annular permanent magnets may be disposed one above the other in the optical axis direction, and the electromagnetic coils may be provided inside or outside the annular permanent magnets in their radial direction.
US08390197B1	Long arc column gas discharge tube A low pressure Ultra Violet (UV) light source produces a high intensity output proportional to the inside diameter and length of a arc discharge column. The light source includes a cathode and anode contained within a high density ceramic body and a sapphire window mounted in line with the arc discharge column. The anode is in line with the arc column at the end opposite the sapphire window, and the cathode is disposed to an area outside the arc discharge column to which the arc moves through an aperture in the side of the arc discharge column structure. As the electrons move through the low pressure gas ionization of the gas occurs releasing photons in the UV region of the spectrum. The sum of the photons generated at each location along the arc discharge column produces the high intensity UV radiation that exits the lamp through a sapphire window.
US08390195B2	High pressure discharge lamp A high pressure discharge lamp may include a ceramic discharge vessel and a longitudinal axis, wherein at least one electrode is led out of the discharge vessel by means of a metal-containing feed-through, wherein the feed-through is connected to one end of the discharge vessel by way of a ceramic-containing adjustment part, wherein the adjustment part is tubular and consists of individual layers with different compositions, at least two materials A and B forming a plurality of layers of the adjustment part, these materials being chosen such that their coefficient of thermal expansion is between that of the feed-through and that of the end of the discharge vessel or at most is just outside, the layer thickness of each layer being so low that no shearing forces can occur, and the layer thickness of each layer of the same material being different.
US08390193B2	Light emitting device with phosphor wavelength conversion A light emitting device comprises: a thermally conductive substrate (MCPCB); at least one LED mounted in thermal communication with a surface of the substrate; a housing attached to the substrate and configured such the housing and substrate together define a volume that totally encloses the at least one LED, the housing comprising at least a part that is light transmissive (window); and at least one phosphor material provided on an inner surface of the housing within said volume said phosphor being operable to absorb at least a part of the excitation light emitted by the at least one light emitting diode and to emit light of a second wavelength range. The housing is attached to the substrate such that the volume is substantially water tight, preferably air/gas tight.
US08390187B2	High-transparency polarizing plate and organic light emitting device including the same A polarizing plate including a polarizing film, a retardation film, and a color adhesive layer disposed between the polarizing film and the retardation film, and an organic light-emitting device including the polarizing plate. The color adhesive layer may include a first dye that absorbs a first light beam having a peak wavelength of about 470 to about 510 nm, a second dye that absorbs a second light beam having a peak wavelength of about 540 to about 610 nm, and a binder.
US08390179B2	Piezoelectric film and method of manufacturing the same, ink jet head, method of forming image by the ink jet head, angular velocity sensor, method of measuring angular velocity by the angular velocity sensor, piezoelectric generating element, and method of generating electric power using the piezoelectric generating element It is an object of the present invention to provide a lead-free piezoelectric film including a lead-free ferroelectric material and having low dielectric loss and high piezoelectric performance comparable to that of PZT, and a method of manufacturing the lead-free piezoelectric film.The present invention is directed to a piezoelectric film comprising a (NaxBiy)TiO0.5x+1.5y+2—BaTiO3 layer with a (111) orientation, where 0.30≦x≦0.46 and 0.51≦y≦0.62.
US08390173B2	MEMS switch and method of manufacturing the MEMS switch The MEMS switch comprises a substrate with signal-lines having fixed-contacts, a movable-plate with a movable-contact, a flexible support-member supporting the movable-plate, a static-actuator and a piezoelectric-actuator configured to contact the movable-contact with the fixed-contact. The movable-contact is provided at its longitudinal center with the movable-contact, and its both the longitudinal ends with static-movable-electrode-plate. The support-member is four strips disposed on portions outside of the both width ends of the movable plate. The strip extends along the longitudinal direction of the movable plate, provided with a first end fixed to the movable plate, and provided with a second end fixed to the substrate. The piezoelectric-element is disposed on an upper surface of the strip to be located at a portion outside of the width ends of the movable-plate. The piezoelectric-actuator is configured to develop the stress applied to the coupling-portion which is created between each the strip and the movable-plate.
US08390171B2	Ultrasonic motor mechanism A linear drive ultrasonic motor includes at least an ultrasonic vibrator having a piezoelectric element, a driven member which is driven relatively by a frictional force between the ultrasonic vibrator and the driven member, a plurality of coupling members which are coupled with the driven member, a frame body which is coupled with the coupling member, a bias applying member which applies a bias to the driven member by the ultrasonic vibrator, a base member which movably supports the driven member, and a rolling member having a spherical shape which movably supports the driven member with respect to the base member. The plurality of coupling members include a positioning portion which determines a position of the respective frame body, and which have a shape which enables to fix by a point contact, sandwiching the frame body.
US08390169B2	Low energy or minimum disturbance method for measuring frequency response functions of ultrasonic surgical devices in determining optimum operating point An ultrasonic system is provided that includes an ultrasonic device having an elongated member configured to impart ultrasonic energy to tissue and a resonator configured to impart a frequency to the elongated member. The system also includes an ultrasonic generator configured to supply power to the resonator of the ultrasonic device. The ultrasonic generator has a drive signal generator configured to provide a drive signal, a noise signal generator configure to provide a noise signal, and a controller. The controller receives an output signal from the ultrasonic device and the noise signal from the noise signal generator, calculates a transfer function based on the output signal and the noise signal, and adjusts the drive signal generator based on the calculated transfer function.
US08390168B2	Permanent-magnet-less machine having an enclosed air gap A permanent magnet-less, brushless synchronous system includes a stator that generates a magnetic rotating field when sourced by an alternating current. An uncluttered rotor disposed within the magnetic rotating field is spaced apart from the stator to form an air gap relative to an axis of rotation. A stationary excitation core spaced apart from the uncluttered rotor by an axial air gap and a radial air gap substantially encloses the stationary excitation core. Some permanent magnet-less, brushless synchronous systems include stator core gaps to reduce axial flux flow. Some permanent magnet-less, brushless synchronous systems include an uncluttered rotor coupled to outer laminations. The quadrature-axis inductance may be increased in some synchronous systems. Some synchronous systems convert energy such as mechanical energy into electrical energy (e.g., a generator); other synchronous systems may convert any form of energy into mechanical energy (e.g., a motor).
US08390165B2	Synchronous motor drive system Provided is a synchronous motor including a rotor having magnetic poles distributed circumferentially along a rotation direction of the rotor at equal intervals, and a stator having stator teeth arranged circumferentially along the rotation direction of the rotor, each tooth wound with a stator coil by concentrated winding. Every M consecutive stator teeth belong to one of stator teeth groups arranged at equal intervals. The M consecutive stator teeth in each stator teeth group are arranged at intervals different from the intervals of the magnetic poles of the rotor. The stator coils wound around the M consecutive stator teeth are connected to separate terminals. A motor driver supplies currents of different phases to the stator coils via the respective terminals.
US08390155B2	Coil former for a linear motor stator for an automatic door A coil former for a linear motor stator for an automatic door having a coil arrangement, which, upon appropriate activation, is able to produce an interaction with a linear motor rotor, which causes thrust forces, with a body for the reception of a winding wire to form a coil, and at least one flange terminating the body at the front side, wherein the at least one flange of the coil former has at least one wire reception, which is able to receive a predetermined length of the winding wire and is able to, at least partially, release it again.
US08390144B2	Overheating protection of an electric control device A method for operating an electric control device for at least one power unit of a motor vehicle, an operating temperature range being assigned to the control device, and the control device being automatically switched off if its temperature exceeds the operating temperature range. A switch-on of the automatically switched-off control device may be implemented only if its temperature is within the operating temperature range. Furthermore, a corresponding electric control device.
US08390142B2	Vertical axis wind turbine A vertical axis wind turbine including: a vertical axis wind mill having a vertical shaft and a generator having a generator rotor shaft, wherein the vertical shaft of the wind mill share the same shaft with the generator rotor shaft. This arrangement simplifies the structure and increases the stability, reliability, and service lifetime of vertical axis wind turbines by making on-site assembly easy and cutting the on-site workload and cost, without undermining the wind resistance capability and safety prompting wider application of vertical axis wind turbines.
US08390139B2	Wind energy installation having converter control A method for controlling a converter of a wind energy installation. The converter is connected to a rotor of a doubly-fed asynchronous generator for feeding electrical power into an electrical grid and comprises a generator-side inverter, a grid-side inverter, and at least one converter regulator for regulating and/or controlling currents emitted from at least one of the inverters to at least one of the generator and the electrical grid. The method includes detecting a change in electrical voltage present in at least one of emitted real currents and emitted reactive currents at one of the inverters, determining whether the detected change corresponds to a predetermined change, and changing nominal values of at least one of real currents to be emitted and reactive currents to be emitted from the other inverter if the detected change corresponds to the predetermined change.
US08390138B2	Wind energy installation with negative sequence system regulation and operating method A wind energy installation can include a generator which is driven by a rotor and generates electrical power in a multiphase manner for feeding into a network, a converter which is connected to the generator and to the network, and a control system which interacts with the converter and includes a negative sequence system regulation mechanism. The negative sequence system regulation mechanism can include a phase control module configured to determine an electrical variable of the negative sequence system according to the phase. Accordingly, an available current can be provided according to the operating situation for active power or idle power in the negative sequence system regulation mechanism. The negative sequence system regulation mechanism can thus help stabilize the network in the event of asymmetrical network conditions. Also, this relates to a correspondingly equipped wind park and an operating method.
US08390134B2	Semiconductor device having surface protective films on bond pad To provide: a technique capable of suppressing a titanium nitride film that is exposed at the side surface of an opening from turning into a titanium oxide film even when water permeates the opening over a pad from outside a semiconductor device and thus improving the reliability of the semiconductor device; and a technique capable of suppressing a crack from occurring in a surface protective film of a pad and improving the reliability of a semiconductor device. An opening is formed so that the diameter of the opening is smaller than the diameter of another opening and the opening is included in the other opening. Due to this, it is possible to cover the side surface of an antireflection film that is exposed at the side surface of the other opening with a surface protective film in which the opening is formed. As a result of this, it is possible to form a pad without exposing the side surface of the antireflection film.
US08390132B2	Chip card, and method for the production thereof A chip card in the form of an ID-1 card, a plug-in SIM or a USB token has a layered compound (12) with two (4, 5) or three (4, 5, 9) layers extending over the complete chip card (1). An exterior foil layer (4) has on its outward facing front side (4a) a communication contact layout (2) and on its back side (4b) a flip chip (7), as well as a flip chip contact layout (6) which is electroconductively connected with the communication contact layout (2) on the front side.
US08390128B2	Semiconductor package and stack semiconductor package having the same A semiconductor package includes a semiconductor chip having a first region defined at a center portion of a first surface of the semiconductor chip, and having second and third regions defined on both sides of the first region, respectively. Bonding pads are disposed in the first region and a substrate having a substrate body is disposed in the second region of the semiconductor chip. The substrate includes an extension portion projecting away from the semiconductor chip. The substrate also includes circuit patterns disposed on the substrate body having a first ends placed adjacent to the bonding pads and second ends placed on the extension portion. Connection members electrically connect the first ends of the circuit patterns and the bonding pads.
US08390127B2	Contact trenches for enhancing stress transfer in closely spaced transistors Scalability of a strain-inducing mechanism on the basis of a stressed dielectric overlayer may be enhanced by forming a single stress-inducing layer in combination with contact trenches, which may shield a significant amount of a non-desired stress component in the complementary transistor, while also providing a strain component in the transistor width direction when the contact material may be provided with a desired internal stress level.
US08390118B2	Semiconductor package having electrical connecting structures and fabrication method thereof A semiconductor package having electrical connecting structures includes: a conductive layer having a die pad and traces surrounding the die pad; a chip; bonding wires; an encapsulant with a plurality of cavities having a depth greater than the thickness of the die pad and traces for embedding the die pad and the traces therein, and the cavities exposing the die pad and the traces; a solder mask layer formed in the cavities and having a plurality of openings for exposing the trace ends and a portion of the die pad; and solder balls formed in the openings and electrically connected to the trace ends. Engaging the solder mask layer with the encapsulant enhances adhesion strength of the solder mask layer so as to prolong the moisture permeation path and enhance package reliability.
US08390112B2	Underfill process and materials for singulated heat spreader stiffener for thin core panel processing A method of making a microelectronic package, and a microelectronic package made according to the method. The method includes: bonding and thermally coupling a plurality of IC dies to an IHS panel to yield a die-carrying IHS panel, and mounting the die-carrying IHS panel onto a substrate panel including a plurality of package substrates by mounting perimeter ribs of the IHS panel to a corresponding pattern of sealant on the substrate panel and by mounting each of the plurality of dies to a corresponding one of the plurality of package substrates to yield a combination including the die-carrying IHS panel mounted to the substrate panel. Other embodiments are also disclosed and claimed.
US08390111B2	Wafer bonding method One embodiment of a micro-electronic device includes a substrate including micro-electronic components thereon, and a cover including a ring of sealing material secured to the substrate and a raised ring of material positioned opposite the cover from the ring of sealing material.
US08390106B2	Circuit board with built-in semiconductor chip and method of manufacturing the same A circuit board includes an insulating member and a semiconductor chip encapsulated with the thermoplastic resin portion of the insulating member. A wiring member is located in the insulating member and electrically connected to first and second electrodes on respective sides of the semiconductor chip. The wiring member includes a pad, an interlayer connection member, and a connection portion. A diffusion layer is located between the first electrode and the connection portion, between the pad and the connection portion, and between the second electrode and the interlayer connection member. At least one element of the interlayer connection member has a melting point lower than a glass-transition point of the thermoplastic resin portion. The connection portion is made of material having a melting point higher than a melting point of the thermoplastic resin portion.
US08390105B2	Lead frame substrate, manufacturing method thereof, and semiconductor apparatus A lead frame substrate, including: a metal plate having a first surface and a second surface; a semiconductor element mount portion and a semiconductor element electrode connection terminal that are formed on the first surface; an external connection terminal formed on the second surface and electrically connected to the semiconductor element electrode connection terminal; a conducting wire that connects the semiconductor element electrode connection terminal and the external connection terminal to each other; a resin layer formed on the metal plate; a hole portion that is partly formed in the second surface of the metal plate and does not penetrate the metal plate; and a plurality of protrusions that are formed on a bottom surface of the hole portion and protrude in a direction away from the metal plate, the protrusions having a height lower than a position of the second surface, not being in electrical conduction with the conducting wire, and being dispersed separately.
US08390097B2	Insulated gate bipolar transistor having contact region with variable width An IGBT comprises trenches arranged in strips, first emitter diffusion layers formed so as to extend in a direction intersecting the trenches, and contact regions formed to have a rectangular shape. The portions of the contact regions on the first emitter diffusion layers have a smaller width than the other portions, the width extending in the direction intersecting the trenches. This configuration allows for an increase in the emitter ballast resistance of the emitter diffusion layers, resulting in enhanced resistance to electrical breakdown due to short circuit.
US08390095B2	Reducing high-frequency signal loss in substrates An integrated circuit structure includes a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type; and a depletion region in the semiconductor substrate. A deep well region is substantially enclosed by the depletion region, wherein the deep well region is of a second conductivity type opposite the first conductivity type. The depletion region includes a first portion directly over the deep well region and a second portion directly under the deep well region. An integrated circuit device is directly over the depletion region.
US08390093B1	System and method of galvanic isolation in digital signal transfer integrated circuits utilizing conductivity modulation of semiconductor substrate A galvanic isolation system provides galvanic isolation in digital transfer integrated circuits by using conductivity modulation of the semiconductor substrate. Modulation of the conductivity of the substrate affects eddy current losses of a (differential) RF inductor that is isolated from the substrate by a sufficient amount of dielectric material, which provides a basis for signal transfer from the modulated substrate to the inductor across the isolation barrier.
US08390089B2	Image sensor with deep trench isolation structure Provided is a back side illuminated image sensor device. The image sensor device includes a substrate having a front side and a back side opposite the front side. The image sensor also includes a radiation-detection device that is formed in the substrate. The radiation-detection device is operable to detect a radiation wave that enters the substrate through the back side. The image sensor further includes a deep trench isolation feature that is disposed adjacent to the radiation-detection device. The image sensor device further includes a doped layer that at least partially surrounds the deep trench isolation feature in a conformal manner.
US08390088B2	Photoelectric conversion device A photoelectric conversion device comprises a semiconductor substrate and a multilayer wiring structure, wherein the multilayer wiring structure includes a first wiring layer which serves as a top wiring layer in an effective region and contains aluminum as a principal component, a first insulation film arranged in the effective region and an light-shielded region so as to cover the first wiring layer, and a second wiring layer which serves as a top wiring layer arranged on the first insulation film in the light-shielded region and contains aluminum as a principal component, and wherein the first insulation film has, in the effective region, a first portion which is positioned above the photoelectric conversion unit, and the first portion functions as at least a part of an interlayer lens.
US08390080B2	Transistor with dopant-bearing metal in source and drain A transistor and method of manufacturing thereof. A gate dielectric and gate are formed over a workpiece, and the source and drain regions of a transistor are recessed. The recesses are filled with a dopant-bearing metal, and a low-temperature anneal process is used to form doped regions within the workpiece adjacent the dopant-bearing metal regions. A transistor having a small effective oxide thickness and a well-controlled junction depth is formed.
US08390074B2	Structure and method for latchup improvement using through wafer via latchup guard ring A structure for preventing latchup. The structure includes a latchup sensitive structure and a through wafer via structure bounding the latch-up sensitive structure to prevent parasitic carriers from being injected into the latch-up sensitive structure.
US08390071B2	ESD protection with increased current capability A stackable electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection clamp (21) for protecting a circuit core (24) comprises, a bipolar transistor (56, 58) having a base region (74, 51, 52, 85) with a base contact (77) therein and an emitter (78) spaced a lateral distance Lbe from the base contact (77), and a collector (80, 86, 762) proximate the base region (74, 51, 52, 85). The base region (74, 51, 52, 85) comprises a first portion (51) including the base contact (77) and emitter (78), and a second portion (52) with a lateral boundary (752) separated from the collector (86, 762) by a breakdown region (84) whose width D controls the clamp trigger voltage, the second portion (52) lying between the first portion (51) and the boundary (752). The damage-onset threshold current It2 of the ESD clamp (21) is improved by increasing the parasitic resistance Rbe of the emitter-base region (74, 51, 52, 85), by for example, increasing Lbe or decreasing the relative doping density of the first portion (51) or a combination thereof.
US08390070B2	Electrostatic discharge protection device and electrostatic discharge protection circuit thereof The ESD protection device includes a substrate, a well, a first doped region and a second doped region. The substrate has a first conductive type, and the substrate is electrically connected to a first power node. The well has a second conductive type, and is disposed in the substrate. The first doped region has the first conductive type, and is disposed in the well. The first doped region and the well are electrically connected to a second power node. The second doped region has the second conductive type, and is disposed in the substrate. The second doped region is in a floating state.
US08390064B2	Semiconductor device having gate trenches and manufacturing method thereof A semiconductor device includes a first gate trench, a second gate trench, and a dummy gate trench provided in an active region extending in an X direction; and a first gate electrode, a second gate electrode, and a dummy gate electrode extending in a Y direction crossing the active region, at least a part of which are buried in the first gate trench, the second gate trench, and the dummy gate trench, respectively. The dummy gate electrode arranged between second and third diffusion layers isolates and separates a transistor constituted by the first gate electrode and first and second diffusion layers provided on both sides of the first gate electrode, respectively, from a transistor constituted by the second gate electrode and third and fourth diffusion layers provided on both sides of the second gate electrode, respectively.
US08390055B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device A memory string comprises a semiconductor layer, a charge storage layer, and a plurality of first conductive layers. The semiconductor layer includes a columnar portion that extends in a perpendicular direction to a substrate. The charge storage layer is formed around a side surface of the columnar portion. The plurality of first conductive layers are formed around the side surface of the columnar portion and the charge storage layer. A control circuit comprises a plurality of second conductive layers, an insulating layer, and a plurality of plug layers. The plurality of second conductive layers are formed in the same layers as the plurality of first conductive layers. The insulating layer is formed penetrating the plurality of second conductive layers in the perpendicular direction. The plurality of plug layers are formed penetrating the insulating layer in the perpendicular direction. The insulating layer has a rectangular shaped cross-section with a constricted portion in a horizontal direction to the substrate. The constricted portion is positioned on a long side of the cross-section.
US08390051B2	Methods of forming semiconductor device structures and semiconductor device structures including a uniform pattern of conductive lines Methods of forming semiconductor device structures are disclosed. One method comprises forming a plurality of loops of a conductive material. Each loop of the plurality of loops comprises a uniform pattern. In one embodiment, a portion of the conductive material is removed from at least one location in each loop of the plurality of loops. Contacts are formed to the conductive material. A semiconductor device structure is also disclosed.
US08390048B2	Method of manufacturing a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device, and a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device For enhancing the high performance of a non-volatile semiconductor memory device having an MONOS type transistor, a non-volatile semiconductor memory device is provided with MONOS type transistors having improved performance in which the memory cell of an MONOS non-volatile memory comprises a control transistor and a memory transistor. A control gate of the control transistor comprises an n-type polycrystal silicon film and is formed over a gate insulative film comprising a silicon oxide film. A memory gate of the memory transistor comprises an n-type polycrystal silicon film and is disposed on one of the side walls of the control gate. The memory gate comprises a doped polycrystal silicon film with a sheet resistance lower than that of the control gate comprising a polycrystal silicon film formed by ion implantation of impurities to the undoped silicon film.
US08390046B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device of the present invention has a semiconductor substrate having a transistor formed thereon; a multi-layered interconnect formed on the semiconductor substrate, and having a plurality of interconnect layers, respectively composed of an interconnect and an insulating film, stacked therein; and a capacitance element having a lower electrode (lower electrode film), a capacitor insulating film, and an upper electrode (upper electrode film), all of which being embedded in the multi-layered interconnect, so as to compose a memory element, and further includes at least one layer of damascene-structured copper interconnect (second-layer interconnect) formed between the capacitance element and the transistor; the upper surface of one of the interconnects (second-layer interconnect) and the lower surface of the capacitance element are aligned nearly in the same plane; and at least one layer of copper interconnect (plate line interconnect) is formed over the capacitance element.
US08390041B2	High efficiency module A module (1) includes a first functional device (2) and a second functional device (3). The first functional device (2) includes a base electrode, an emitter electrode and a collector electrode. The second functional device (3) includes at least one electrode. The module (1) further includes a conductive frame (4). One of the base electrode, the emitter electrode, and the collector electrode of the first functional device (2) is directly connected to the frame (4). The electrode of the second functional device (3) is also directly connected to the frame (4). The frame (4) includes a portion serving as a terminal for external connection.
US08390033B2	Metal structure for memory device A semiconductor device is provided that includes a substrate, a static random access memory (SRAM) unit cell formed in the substrate, a first metal layer formed over the substrate, the first metal layer providing local interconnection to the SRAM unit cell, a second metal layer formed over the first metal layer, the second metal layer including: a bit line and a complementary bit line each having a first thickness and a Vcc line disposed between the bit line and the complementary bit line, and a third metal layer formed over the second metal layer, the third metal layer including a word line having a second thickness greater than the first thickness.
US08390032B2	Depletion mode field effect transistor for ESD protection A field effect transistor is provided having a reduced drain capacitance per unit gate width. A gate electrode 21 (G) having a plurality of sides is formed in first-conductivity first semiconductor region 14. Drain region 18D (D) is formed inside the gate electrode, and source regions 18S (S) are formed in respective regions outside the plurality of sides in widths that do not reduce the corresponding channel widths of the drain region. The gate electrode is formed along all the plurality of sides of the drain region in order to form a transistor.
US08390030B2	Nitride semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes: a first semiconductor layer made of an AlxGa1−xN (0≦×<1); a second semiconductor layer provided on the first semiconductor layer and made of an undoped or first conductivity type AlyGa1−yN (0
US08390023B2	Sapphire substrate, nitride semiconductor luminescent element using the sapphire substrate, and method for manufacturing the nitride semiconductor luminescent element The present invention provides an inexpensive substrate which can realize m-plane growth of a crystal by vapor phase growth. In a sapphire substrate, an off-angle plane slanted from an m-plane by a predetermined very small angle is prepared as a growth surface, which is a template of the crystal, at the time of growing a crystal of GaN or the like, by a polishing process to prepare a stepwise substrate comprising steps and terraces. According to the above-described configuration, even if an inexpensive sapphire substrate, which normally does not form an m-plane (nonpolar plane) GaN film, is used as a substrate for crystal growth, the following advantages can be attained. Specifically, c-axis growth can be carried out from the plane of each step as an a-plane on the terrace by vapor phase growth, which is advantageous in the fabrication of a device, in order to grow an excellent GaN single crystal which has been epitaxially grown so that the m-plane is opposite to the surplane of the terrace, and, in the mean time, the steps become integrated (fused), whereby a device can be fabricated from a substrate of a GaN single crystal having no significant threading dislocation. Further, the use of the m-plane can advantageously eliminate the influence of piezo electric fields.
US08390018B2	Nitride-based compound semiconductor light emitting device and method of fabricating the same A nitride-based semiconductor light emitting device with improved characteristics of ohmic contact to an n-electrode and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The nitride-based semiconductor light emitting device includes an n-electrode, a p-electrode, an n-type compound semiconductor layer, and an active layer and a p-type compound semiconductor layer formed between the n- and p-electrodes. The n-electrode includes: a first electrode layer formed of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Ni, Co, Rh, Ir, Fe, Ru, Os, Cu, Ag, and Au; and a second electrode layer formed on the first electrode layer using a conductive material containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, Mo, W, Re, Ir, Al, In, Pb, Ni, Rh, Ru, Os, and Au.
US08390016B2	Method for coating semiconductor device using droplet deposition Methods and systems for coating of semiconductor devices using droplets of wavelength conversion or phosphor particles in a liquid medium. A plurality of nozzles delivers a controlled amount of the matrix material to the surface of the semiconductor device, with each of said nozzles having an opening for the matrix material to pass. The opening has a diameter wherein the diameter of the phosphor particles is less than or approximately equal to one half the diameter of the opening. The phosphor particles are also substantially spherical or rounded. The nozzles are typically arranged on a print head that utilizes jet printing techniques to cover the semiconductor device with a layer of the matrix material. The methods and systems are particularly applicable to covering LEDs with a layer of phosphor materials.
US08390014B2	Light emitting device and light emitting device package Disclosed is a light emitting device including a second conductive semiconductor layer; an active layer on the second conductive semiconductor layer; a first semiconductor layer on the active layer, the first semiconductor layer having at least one lateral side with a step portion; and a lateral electrode on the step portion formed at the at least one lateral side of the first semiconductor layer.
US08390008B2	LED device structure to improve light output A light-emitting device, including a substrate; a LED element formed over the substrate including a transparent or semi-transparent electrode, a reflective electrode, and one or more layers, at least one of which is light-emitting, formed between the transparent or semi-transparent electrode and reflective electrode, the transparent or semi-transparent electrode and reflective electrode defining a single, controllable light-emitting area, wherein the LED element emits light into a waveguide defined by the transparent or semi-transparent electrode, reflective electrode, and the one or more layers; and one or more first topographical features and one or more second topographical features different from the first topographical features formed over the substrate within the single, controllable light-emitting area, wherein the first and second topographical features disrupt the waveguiding of light within the single, controllable light-emitting area to increase the emission of light in at least one direction.
US08390002B2	Light emitting device and method of manufacturing the same There are provided a light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same. A light emitting device according to the present invention includes a substrate; an N-type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a P-type semiconductor layer, sequentially formed on the substrate; one or more trenches formed to expose the N-type semiconductor layer by partially removing at least the P-type semiconductor and active layers; a first insulating layer formed on sidewalls of the trenches; and a conductive layer filled in the trenches having the first insulating layer formed therein. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a characteristic of uniform current diffusion, and thus, light is uniformly emitted to thereby enhance the light emitting efficiency.
US08389999B2	Method to reduce dislocation density in silicon using stress A crystalline material structure with reduced dislocation density and method of producing same is provided. The crystalline material structure is annealed at temperatures above the brittle-to-ductile transition temperature of the crystalline material structure. One or more stress elements are formed on the crystalline material structure so as to annihilate dislocations or to move them into less harmful locations.
US08389997B2	Light emitting device The invention provides a light emitting device which is capable of displaying on both sides, has a small volume, and is capable of being used as a module. A light emitting element represented by an EL element and the like is used in a pixel portion, and two pixel portions are provided in one light emitting device. A first pixel portion has a structure to emit light only from a counter electrode side of the light emitting element. A second pixel portion has a structure to emit light only from a pixel electrode side of the light emitting element. That is, in the first pixel portion and the second pixel portion, directions of light emission are reverse in front and back.
US08389996B2	Method for forming semiconductor film, method for forming semiconductor device and semiconductor device A method for forming a SnO-containing semiconductor film includes a first step of forming a SnO-containing film; a second step of forming an insulator film composed of an oxide or a nitride on the SnO-containing film to provide a laminated film including the SnO-containing film and the insulator film; and a third step of subjecting the laminated film to a heat treatment.
US08389992B2	Organic thin film transistor array panel and manufacturing method thereof A method of manufacturing a thin film transistor array panel is provided, the method includes forming a gate line on a substrate; forming a gate insulating layer on the gate line; forming a data line and a drain electrode on the gate insulating layer; forming an organic semiconductor layer on the data line, the drain electrode and an exposed portion of the gate insulating layer between the data line and the drain electrodel; forming a protective member fully covering the organic semiconductor layer; forming a passivation layer on the protective layer, the data line, and the drain electrode; forming a contact hole in the passivation layer to expose a portion of the drain electrode; and forming a pixel electrode on the passivation layer, the pixel electrode connected to the drain electrode through the contact hole.
US08389991B2	Thin film transistor, display device, and electronic device The present invention provides a thin film transistor using an oxide semiconductor as a channel, controlling threshold voltage to a positive direction, and realizing improved reliability. The thin film transistor includes: a gate electrode; a pair of source/drain electrodes; an oxide semiconductor layer provided between the gate electrode and the pair of source/drain electrodes and forming a channel; a first insulating film as a gate insulating film provided on the gate electrode side of the oxide semiconductor layer; and a second insulating film provided on the pair of source/drain electrodes side of the oxide semiconductor layer. The first insulating film and/or the second insulating film contain/contains fluorine.
US08389975B2	Group III nitride semiconductor light-emitting device A Group III nitride semiconductor light-emitting device comprises a substrate (1) and a light-emitting layer (5) having the multiple quantum well structure that comprises barrier layers (5a) and well layers (5b) formed of a gallium-containing Group III nitride semiconductor material provided on the substrate. Each of the well layers constituting the multiple quantum well structure is made of a Group III nitride semiconductor layer to which acceptor impurities are added, and which has thicknesses different from one another and the same conductivity type as that of the barrier layer. The present invention can provide a Group III nitride semiconductor white light-emitting device which can enhance luminous intensity, can obtain high color rendering properties has a simple structure that can be easily formed without fine adjustment of a composition of a phosphor.
US08389972B2	Nonvolatile memory device and method of manufacturing the same To realize miniaturization and increased capacity of memories by lowering break voltage for causing resistance change and suppressing variation in break voltage.The nonvolatile memory device (10) in the present invention includes: a lower electrode (105) formed above a substrate (100); a first variable resistance layer (106a) formed above the lower electrode (105) and comprising a transitional metal oxide; a second variable resistance layer (106b) formed above the first variable resistance layer (106a) and comprising a transitional metal oxide having higher oxygen content than the transitional metal oxide of the first variable resistance layer (106a); and an upper electrode (107) formed above the second variable resistance layer (106b), wherein a step (106ax) is formed in an interface between the first variable is resistance layer (106a) and the second variable resistance layer (106b). The second variable resistance layer (106b) is formed covering the step (106ax) and has a bend (106bx) above the step (106ax).
US08389967B2	Programmable via devices A device comprises a heater, a dielectric layer, a phase-change element, and a capping layer. The dielectric layer is disposed at least partially on the heater and defines an opening having a lower portion and an upper portion. The phase-change element occupies the lower portion of the opening and is in thermal contact with the heater. The capping layer overlies the phase-change element and occupies the upper portion of the opening. At least a fraction of the phase-change element is operative to change between lower and higher electrical resistance states in response to an application of an electrical signal to the heater.
US08389964B2	Ion implanting apparatus and deflecting electrode An ion implanting apparatus includes: an electrostatic accelerating tube for causing an ion beam extracted from an ion source to have a desirable energy, and deflecting the ion beam to be incident on a target, the electrostatic accelerating tube including deflecting electrodes provided to interpose the ion beam therebetween. The deflecting electrodes include a first deflecting electrode and a second deflecting electrode to which different electric potentials from each other are set. The second deflecting electrode is provided on a side where the ion beam is to be deflected and includes an upstream electrode provided on an upstream side of the ion beam and a downstream electrode provided apart from the upstream electrode toward a downstream side. An electric potential of the upstream electrode and an electric potential of the downstream electrode are independently set from each other.
US08389954B2	System for fast ions generation and a method thereof The present invention discloses a system and method for generating a beam of fast ions. The system comprising: a target substrate having a patterned surface, a pattern comprising nanoscale pattern features oriented substantially uniformly along a common axis; and; a beam unit adapted for receiving a high power coherent electromagnetic radiation beam and focusing it onto said patterned surface of the target substrate to cause interaction between said radiation beam and said substrate enabling creation of fast ions.
US08389953B2	Focused ion beam apparatus A focused ion beam apparatus includes an ion gun unit having an emitter tip, a gas supply unit that supplies gas to the tip, and an ion source gas supply source. An extracting electrode ionizes the gas adsorbed onto the surface of the tip and extracts ions by applying a voltage between the extracting electrode and the tip. A cathode electrode accelerates the ions toward a sample. An aperture member has an opening that passes therethrough a part of the ion beam ejected from the ion gun unit, and a lens system focuses the ion beam onto the sample.
US08389952B2	Particle beam irradiation apparatus and particle beam therapy system There is provided a particle beam irradiation apparatus in which two or more pairs of scanning electromagnets are utilized so that scanning of a charged particle beam can be performed with a high accuracy and with a high flexibility in the speed, from a low speed to a high speed. In a particle beam irradiation apparatus that scans an incident charged particle beam on X-direction and Y-direction (two-direction) desired orbits perpendicular to the travelling direction of the charged particle beam and irradiates the charged particle beam onto an irradiation subject, there are provided two or more pairs of scanning electromagnets that scan a charged particle beam in the two directions; the desired orbit is given by time-series desired orbit data in which desired irradiation positions corresponding to time are determined; and command values for respective scanning electromagnets in the two or more pairs of scanning electromagnets are generated based on plural pieces of data obtained by frequency-separating the time-series desired orbit data.
US08389948B2	Aharonov-bohm sensor An Aharonov-Bohm (AB) sensor is provided. The AB sensor includes a beam splitter configured to split a first electron beam into a first wave and a second wave. The beam splitter is configured to direct the first wave along a first path through a field-free cage. A phase of the first wave is configured to shift in response to a vector potential of a signal. The vector potential is present within the field-free cage. The AB sensor includes a beam combiner configured to combine the phase shifted first wave with the second wave to generate a second electron beam, which is modulated based on the phase shift of the first wave. The AB sensor includes a detector configured to receive the second electron beam and to detect the signal based on the modulation of the second electron beam.
US08389940B2	Discriminating molecule family for neutron and gamma radiation The invention relates to a novel discriminating molecule family for neutron and gamma radiation, and to the preparation method thereof. Said molecules are also useful for detecting radiation (X, gamma, electrons, protons, ions), and thus for manufacturing radar, and industrial or medical dosimetry instruments.
US08389930B2	Input port for mass spectrometers that is adapted for use with ion sources that operate at atmospheric pressure A mass spectrometer and method for operating the same. The mass spectrometer includes a vacuum chamber and an input port that receives ions to be analyzed in the mass spectrometer. The chamber is adapted to operate at a pressure less than a first pressure, and includes a wall that separates the chamber from an environment outside the chamber at atmospheric pressure. The input port provides a pressure drop between the outside environment at a second pressure and the chamber. The input port includes a plurality of channels, each channel having first and second electrodes arranged on opposing surfaces of that channel and having first and second ends. The first end of each channel is at a pressure equal to the first pressure and the second end is at a pressure less than the second pressure.
US08389928B2	X-ray detector comprising a directly converting semiconductor layer and calibration method for such an X-ray detector An X-ray detector includes a directly converting semiconductor layer for converting an incident radiation into electrical signals with a band gap energy characteristic of the semiconductor layer, and at least one light source for coupling light into the semiconductor layer, wherein the generated light, for the simulation of incident X-ray quanta, has an energy above the band gap energy of the semiconductor layer. One embodiment includes at least one evaluation unit for calculating an evaluation signal from the electrical signals generated when the light is coupled into the semiconductor layer, and at least one calibration unit for calibrating at least one pulse discriminator on the basis of the evaluation signal. This provides the prerequisites for a rapidly repeatable calibration of the X-ray detector taking into account of the present polarization state without using X-ray radiation. Another embodiment additionally relates to a calibration method for such an X-ray detector.
US08389924B2	Detector and optical system Embodiments of the present invention relate to a detector comprising first and second lenses for use with respective first and second sensing means; each lens comprising a plurality of Fresnel facets having respective fields of view adapted such that the fields of view of the first lens are alternately arranged with the fields of view of the second lens such that the fields of view of the first lens are adjacent only to, but do not overlap with, the fields of view of the second lense in a single direction.
US08389922B2	Sensing Devices and Manufacturing Methods Therefor A sensing device is provided. The sensing device includes a sensing pixel array and a memory unit. The sensing pixel array is formed in a substrate and includes a plurality of pixels for sensing light. The substrate has a first side and a second side opposite to the first side and receives the light through the first side for sensing the light. The memory unit is formed on the second side of the substrate for memorization.
US08389918B2	Actuated feedforward controlled solar tracking system An actuated feedforward controlled solar tracker system including a sub-frame supporting at least one solar panel, a post supporting the sub-frame, and a linking mechanism connecting the sub-frame and post, where the linking mechanism includes a first axle, second axle and body member. The linking mechanism's first and second axles are disposed orthogonal to each other and are separated by the body member. The system includes at least two linear actuators, a rotational joint connecting the linear actuators and sub-frame, and a driver system that drives the actuators. Additionally, the system includes a feedforward control system including a computer that calculates desired positions of the linear actuators using multiple inputs and communicates with the driver system to drive the linear actuators, and a feedback control system that relays information gathered by sensor devices to the feedforward control system, where the feedforward and feedback control systems function in an integrated manner.
US08389910B2	Inductively heated windshield wiper assembly A wiper assembly having a wiper with an inductively heatable portion, and an induction heating device including an induction work coil which is configured to be placed near the wiper to inductively heat the inductively heatable portion. The inductively heatable portion may be in the wiper blade, the wiper arm which supports the blade, or both. The induction work coil may be placed on or near the windshield or other surface which is cleaned by the wiper and may heat the wiper regardless of its position or only when the wiper is at a specific location such as its retracted “rest” position. The wiper assembly may also include a temperature sensor for sensing a current temperature of the wiper and control circuitry associated with the induction heating device for controlling operation of the work coil.)
US08389903B2	Electrothermal focussing for the production of micro-structured substrates The invention relates to methods and devices for the production of micro-structured substrates and their application in natural sciences and technology, in particular in microfluidic and analysis devices and provides a method of introducing a structure, preferably a hole or cavity or channel or well or recess, in a region of an electrically insulating substrate (s), said method comprising the steps: a) providing an electrically insulating substrate (s), b) storing electrical energy across said substrate using an energy storage element (c) which is charged with said electrical energy, said energy storage element being electrically connected to said substrate, said electrical energy being sufficient to significantly heat, and/or melt and/or evaporate parts or all of a region of said substrate, c) applying additional energy, preferably heat, to said substrate or a region thereof to increase the electrical conductivity of said substrate or said region thereof, and thereby initiate a current flow and, subsequently, a dissipation of said stored electrical energy within the substrate and d) dissipating said stored electrical energy, wherein the rate of dissipating said stored electrical energy is controlled by a current and power modulating element, said current and power modulating element being part of the electrical connection between said energy storage element and said substrate. A device for performing the method is also provided.
US08389896B2	Rapid prototyping device and method with indirect laser exposure It is desirable for the production of workpieces, which are sometimes produced by a rapid prototyping method, to be further automatable. To this end a device is provided having a laser for generating a laser beam in order to set a material, and a workpiece support which can be exposed directly to the laser. There is also provided an optical instrument for redirecting and deviating the laser beam so that the workpiece support can also be exposed indirectly to the laser. Material can therefore also be cured more easily in undercuts of workpiece blanks.
US08389892B2	X-ray microscopy for characterizing hole shape and dimensions in surgical needles A novel method of characterizing laser drilled boreholes is disclosed. The method uses x-ray microscopy for dimensional characterization. The x-ray output may be processed to control manufacturing equipment in automated production systems, including laser drilling systems and swaging apparatus.
US08389890B2	Method for minimizing sample damage during the ablation of a first biological material disposed on a second biological material using a focused ultrashort pulsed laser beam wherein the slope of fluence breakdown is a function of the pulse width In one aspect the invention provides a method for laser induced breakdown of a material with a pulsed laser beam where the material is characterized by a relationship of fluence breakdown threshold (Fth) versus laser beam pulse width (T) that exhibits an abrupt, rapid, and distinct change or at least a clearly detectable and distinct change in slope at a predetermined laser pulse width value. The method comprises generating a beam of laser pulses in which each pulse has a pulse width equal to or less than the predetermined laser pulse width value. The beam is focused above the surface of a material where laser induced breakdown is desired. The region of least confusion (minimum beam waist or average spot size) is above the surface of the material in which laser induced breakdown is desired since the intensity of the beam falls off in the forward direction, preferably the region of the beam at or within the surface is between the region of least confusion and sufficient to remove material and the minimum intensity necessary for laser induced breakdown of the material to be removed, most preferably the region of minimum intensity is disposed at the surface of the material to be removed. The beam may be used in combination with a mask in the beam path. The beam or mask may be moved in the x, y, and Z directions to produce desired features. The technique can produce features smaller than the spot size and Rayleigh range due to enhanced damage threshold accuracy in the short pulse regime.
US08389876B2	High voltage bushing A high voltage bushing including a voltage grading shield in two parts.
US08389868B2	Packaged integrated circuits having inductors and methods to form inductors in packaged integrated circuits Packaged integrated circuits having inductors and methods to form inductors in packaged integrated circuits are disclosed. An example method comprises forming a substrate having a first trace and a contact, attaching an integrated circuit to the substrate over the first trace, and electrically coupling the first trace to the contact via an electrical conductor that extends over the integrated circuit to form the inductor in the packaged integrated circuit.
US08389857B2	Structure for mounting a wireless battery-powered remote control A mounting structure enables a portable remote control device, that operates a load control device of a wirelessly controlled lighting system, to be mounted to a vertical surface (e.g., to an opening of an electrical wallbox). The mounting structure comprises a mounting fixture for attaching to the vertical surface, an opening sized to receive the remote control device, and a flexible leaf in the opening that receives the remote control device. The flexible leaf may project upwardly in the opening for receiving a flanged recess of the remote control device disposed on a rear surface of the remote control device, whereby the remote control device can be slidably received on the flexible leaf and when fully received on the leaf is retained in position on the mounting structure such that the remote control device is framed by the opening in the mounting structure.
US08389856B2	Waterproof structure of electrical junction box There is provided a waterproof structure for the electrical junction box includes a stepwise portion in which a punched hole has to be provided for molding a locking projection on a peripheral wall of a main-body case. The waterproof structure prevents intrusion of a droplet from an outside into the main-body case via the punched hole and thereby improves waterproof performance. An extended portion 37d is provided on a left wall portion 22 of the main-body case 2 for moving the position of the punched hole which should be provided in the stepwise portion 35 toward the side of the locking projection 33. A hole-sealing portion 47a is provided at a edge portion 42a of the left wall portion 42 of the cover 4, the hole-sealing portion 47a is configured to cover the entire opening of the punched hole 37 moved toward the side of the locking projection 33 in a state where the cover is attached to the main-body case 2.
US08389853B2	Asphaltene based photovoltaic devices Photovoltaic devices and methods of making the same, are disclosed herein. The cell comprises: a first electrically conductive layer; at least one photoelectrochemical layer comprising metal-oxide particles, an electrolyte solution, an asphaltene dye, and a second electrically conductive layer.
US08389844B2	Tone generation apparatus In response to detection of a note-on instruction, a CPU assigns a tone generating unit comprising two tone generating channels and sets tone color control data of the assigned tone generating unit into tone generator registers. The tone color control data includes a parameter common to the two channels. Once the CPU gives a tone generation start instruction to a tone generator, the tone generator accumulates a frequency number common to the two channels to thereby generate a progressive phase common to the two channels. Waveform readout section reads out left-channel and right-channel waveform data from a waveform memory on the basis of the phase and waveform selecting information of the left and right channels. Tone characteristics of the read-out left- and right-channel waveform data are controlled by a characteristic control section on the basis of a characteristic control parameter common to the two channels.
US08389843B2	Interactive music notation layout and editing system A system and method for positioning, on an electronic display, an additional musical symbol based on the location of one or more existing musical symbols can include determining one or more positional constraints on the additional musical symbol. The one or more positional constraints can include one or more preferred quantities. Each of the one or more positional constraints can be automatically defined as being either a time-based positional constraint or a space-based positional constraint. The additional symbol can be positioned in a measure of a staff at a distance away from one of the one or more existing musical symbols. The distance can be at least in part determined by at least one of the one or more preferred quantities.
US08389842B2	System and method for handle grip improvement A system and method for improving the gripping surface of the handle of a manual tool, implement, or instrument. In a preferred embodiment the present invention includes one or more elastomeric bands stretched over the handle of the tool, implement, or instrument. A shrinkable sleeve is then placed over the bands and shrunk tightly over the handle. The result is a ribbed gripping surface on the handle to improve gripability of the tool, implement, or instrument. In another preferred embodiment, adhesive is used to secure the elastomeric band to the handle before shrinking the sleeve to improve precision in the placement of the rings and durability of the finished gripping surface.
US08389839B2	Thumb pick A thumb pick formed as a unitary one-piece body having a substantially inflexible pick point portion including at least one slot extending between an upper surface and a lower surface of the pick point portion. A pliable strap portion extends away from the pick point portion toward a tail portion including a terminal end. The pliable strap portion is designed to wrap around a musician's thumb, while the tail portion becomes engaged in the slot with the tail portion confined between the upper and lower surfaces of the pick point portion. A gusset can be included on an upper surface of the pick point portion to strengthen the inflexibility of the pick point portion. The tail portion of the strap can include a series of grooves while the slot includes a pawl designed to engage at least one of the series of grooves to secure the strap within the slot.
US08389834B2	Key drive device and keyboard musical instrument A key drive device to be installed on a musical instrument with a keyboard partly located above a leg block via a key bed, including: drive units to be at least partly inserted into a removal space in the key bed. In a state in which the drive units are installed, at least one drive unit which drives at least one key located above the leg block includes: (a) a first portion at least a part of which is inserted into an insertion space portion of the removal space between the leg block and the keyboard; and (b) a second portion at least a part of which is disposed in other space portion of the removal space, a dimension of the second portion in at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal short-side direction being larger than that of the first portion.
US08389827B1	Maize variety hybrid X6K288 A novel maize variety designated X6K288 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X6K288 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X6K288 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X6K288, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X6K288. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X6K288.
US08389816B1	Soybean cultivar 02062556 A soybean cultivar designated 02062556 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 02062556, to the plants of soybean cultivar 02062556, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 02062556, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 02062556. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 02062556. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 02062556, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 02062556 with another soybean cultivar.
US08389815B2	Soybean variety A1023761 The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1023761. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1023761. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1023761 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1023761 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.
US08389807B2	Method for increasing efficiency of germplasm screening in plant transformation A method for increasing efficiency of germplasm screening for transformability may include providing a plurality of lines of plant target tissue to be transformed, characterizing each of the lines to provide characterization data, the characterization data comprises DNA or nucleic acid delivery technique response data and tissue culture response data, eliminating one or more of the plurality of lines based on the characterization data without performing transformation of the plurality of lines, such that a subset of the plurality of lines remains, and performing transformation experiments on the subset of the plurality of lines. The method may also include selecting a DNA or nucleic acid delivery technique protocol and a tissue culture protocol prior to the characterization.
US08389799B1	Maize variety hybrid X8M238 A novel maize variety designated X8M238 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X8M238 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X8M238 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X8M238, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X8M238. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X8M238.
US08389798B2	Method to identify disease resistant quantitative trait loci in soybean and compositions thereof The present invention is in the field of plant breeding and genetics, particularly as it pertains to the genus, Glycine. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for screening soybean plants containing one or more quantitative trait loci for disease resistance, species of Glycine having such loci and methods for breeding for and screening of Glycine with such loci. The invention further relates to the use of exotic germplasm in a breeding program.
US08389797B2	Methods to identify soybean aphid resistant quantitative trait loci in soybean and compositions thereof The present invention is in the field of plant breeding and aphid resistance. More specifically, the invention includes a method for breeding soybean plants containing quantitative trait loci that are associated with resistance to aphids, Aphis glycines. The invention further includes method for monitoring the introgression quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring aphid resistance into elite germplasm in a breeding program.
US08389781B2	Catalyst with supplement component for hydroprocessing of bio-feedstock The catalyst comprises at least a metal component and at least a non-metallic conducting component as supplement component. The metal component generally contains one or more metals of the groups VIb, VIIb or VIIIb of the periodic table. The supplement component is e.g. a conducting carbon material like graphite, a conducting polymer or a conducting metal oxide. Preferably it is hydrophobic or made hydrophobic. The catalyst is used for hydroprocessing of bio-feedstock like vegetable oils to produce fuels, which are aliphatic hydrocarbons comparable to conventional fuel from mineral oil.
US08389778B2	Preparation of mannitol modification III Methods for preparing mannitol modification III are described herein. The methods relate to preparing solutions of mannitol in a suitable solvent and an auxiliary agent and solidifying from the solutions mannitol of modification III.
US08389777B2	Continuous method for making chlorhydrines Continuous process for producing a chlorohydrin, wherein a polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, an ester of a polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon or a mixture thereof is reacted with a chlorinating agent and an organic acid in a liquid reaction medium whose steady-state composition comprises the polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon and esters of the polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon whose sum content, expressed as moles of polyhydroxylated aliphatic hydrocarbon, is greater than 1.1 mol % and less than or equal to 30 mol %, the percentage being based on the organic part of the liquid reaction medium.
US08389766B2	Insecticidal compounds A compound of formula (I): wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, R1, R2, G1, G2, Q1 and Q2 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for preparing compounds of formula (I), to insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal compositions comprising them and to methods of using them to combat and control insect, acarine, mollusc and nematode pests.
US08389752B2	Preparation of alicyclic diepoxides Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide alicyclic diepoxide compounds and methods for forming such compounds. Such methods encompass charging a reaction vessel with an appropriate diene and an appropriate dienophile and causing such to react to form and recover a desired alicyclic diepoxide precursor where such precursor is subsequently epoxidized. Such compounds encompass alicyclic diepoxides having purities of at least 95 percent or at least 98 percent with respect non-isomeric residues and are essentially free of any isomeric alicyclic diepoxide residues.
US08389750B2	Purification of propylene oxide The invention is a method of purifying propylene oxide containing acetone, water, methanol, methyl formate, aldehydes, and hydrocarbons impurities. The method comprises contacting the propylene oxide with a glycol and a C7 or greater alkane in a liquid/liquid solvent extraction, and separating propylene oxide having reduced impurities content. The purified propylene oxide may be produced by reacting propylene and a hydroperoxide to produce a crude propylene oxide effluent, distilling the crude effluent to produce a propylene oxide stream which contains 1-5 weight percent of the impurities, contacting the propylene oxide stream with a glycol and a C7 or greater alkane in a liquid/liquid solvent extraction, then separating an alkane fraction comprising propylene oxide from a glycol fraction, and distilling the alkane fraction in one or more steps to produce an alkane bottoms stream and a propylene oxide product having less than 0.1 weight percent impurities.
US08389748B2	Method for preparing prostaglandin derivative Disclosed is a method for preparing a prostaglandin derivative of formula (A): which comprises reacting an aldehyde represented by formula (1): with a 2-oxoalkyl phosphonate in a reaction solvent under the presence of alkali hydroxide as sole base. By carrying out the reaction using an alkali hydroxide as sole base in the reaction system, the desired prostaglandin derivative can be obtained by simple procedures and with high yield.
US08389746B2	Cyclic carbonyl compounds with pendant carbonate groups, preparations thereof, and polymers therefrom A one pot method of preparing cyclic carbonyl compounds comprising an active pendant pentafluorophenyl carbonate group is disclosed. The cyclic carbonyl compounds can be polymerized by ring opening methods to form ROP polymers comprising repeat units comprising a side chain pentafluorophenyl carbonate group. Using a suitable nucleophile, the pendant pentafluorophenyl carbonate group can be selectively transformed into a variety of other functional groups before or after the ring opening polymerization.
US08389745B2	Phosphonate fluorescent dyes and conjugates Reagents are provided for the introduction of phosphonate groups into fluorescent dyes. Methods are also provided for preparing dye conjugates.
US08389744B1	TTPO (5 6,7-trithiapentacene-13-one) and its derivatives: a new class of thermally stable, photooxidatively resistant organic semiconductors The present invention is directed towards a new class of semi-conducting acene derivatives. These compounds are soluble species and they all possess superior thermal stability and photooxidative resistance as compared to their counterparts that lack the substitution patterns disclosed herein.

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