Document	Document Title
US08948558B2	Durable optical fiber ribbons and methods of making optical fiber ribbons Durable optical fiber ribbons are formed by promoting a strong bond between fiber ink layers and ribbon matrix material. During curing of the ink layer desired oxygen levels are maintained in the curing environment of the manufacturing process.
US08948557B2	Universal remote radio unit fiber optic cable assembly A fiber optic cable has a cable core that includes at least one optical fiber coupled to a fiber optic connector. A cable adapter sleeve is axially mounted on the cable core to surround the cable core, the cable adapter sleeve including a body portion that has a first outer diameter, a collar that has a second outer diameter that is greater than the first outer diameter, and a stop that has a third outer diameter that is greater than the first outer diameter.
US08948554B2	Slot-line waveguide optical switch system and method A slot-line waveguide optical switch system and method are disclosed. An optical switch system can include a slot-line waveguide optical switch that includes a plurality of wall portions that are each formed from a high refractive-index material and that are arranged to form a channel portion comprising an electro-optic material interposed to extend between the plurality of wall portions. The channel portion can include an input channel to receive an input optical signal and plural output channels to receive the input optical signal from the input channel. A channel switching system can provide a voltage to an electrode coupled to a corresponding wall portion to change a relative refractive index in the output channels via the electro-optic material and thereby switch the input optical signal to one of the output channels.
US08948551B2	Reducing loss at intersection in optical waveguides A core intersection in an optical waveguide formed of a plurality of cores and a clad that surrounds the cores is disclosed, the structure characterized in that the same material as that of the cores is added to two planes, upper and lower planes, of each of core intersection spaces where the plurality of cores intersect (instead of using a clad material). The structure of a core intersection in an optical waveguide formed of a plurality of cores and a clad is disclosed, the structure characterized in that four planes that divide (isolate) each of core intersection spaces where the plurality of cores intersect, that is, four discontinuity spaces between the core intersection space and the cores connected thereto, are filled with the same material as that of the clad (instead of using a core material so that the core intersection space is seamlessly connected to surrounding core intersection spaces).
US08948550B2	Sensing systems and few-mode optical fiber for use in such systems A sensing optical fiber comprising: a few-moded multi-segment core, said core comprising one core segment surrounded by another core segment, and at least one cladding surrounding said core; said core having an F factor (μm2) of 100 μm2 to 350 μm2, and is constructed to provide (i) an overlap integral between the fundamental optical guided mode and the fundamental acoustic guided mode of greater than 0.7 and (ii) the overlap integral between the LP11 optical guided mode and the fundamental acoustic guided mode at least 0.45.
US08948549B2	Polarization rotator assembly including a subwavelength composite portion A polarization rotator assembly for rotating a polarization mode of an electromagnetic signal is provided. The polarization rotator assembly has a waveguiding structure of co-extensive first and second layers defining, successively, an input portion, a subwavelength composite portion and a polarization rotating portion. The subwavelength composite portion is formed by the first and second layers, where the second layer defines a subwavelength pattern. The polarization rotator portion is geometrically configured to rotate the polarization mode of the electromagnetic signal.
US08948547B2	Multi-state polarization preserving optical fiber The inventive chiral polarization preserving optical fiber utilizes a structure composed of specially positioned and configured single mode (SM) and conventional polarization maintaining (PM) fiber elements along with at least two novel circular chiral fiber polarizers (each operable to convert linearly polarized light to circularly polarized light), to preserve any arbitrary polarization state of light signals transmitted therethrough without the limitations and drawbacks of other polarization maintaining solutions. In another inventive embodiment thereof, the inventive chiral polarization preserving optical fiber is configured as an arbitrary polarization state maintaining light signal splitter.
US08948539B2	System and method for image improvement and enhancement System and method for image improvement comprising providing a series of frames; summing pixel values to obtain frame intensity; computing average frame intensity; determining frame intensity deviation for each frame by subtracting average frame intensity from frame intensity; determining an array of average pixel values (AAPV) and subtracting AAPV from the pixel value arrays to determine positive or negative pixel deviation values; grouping frames in first or second groups depending positive or negative frame intensity deviation; selecting all pixel values having a positive or negative deviation value and creating subgroups of positive or negative pixel deviation value frames, multiplying the pixel deviation value frames in each subgroup by frame intensity deviation to create first product arrays, which are summed together and divided by total number of frames to obtain second product arrays for each subgroup; selecting one or more of second product arrays to generate an image.
US08948525B2	Transferring system for huge and high quality images on network and method thereof A transferring system for huge and high quality images on network and a method thereof are disclosed, wherein various individual image data are converted into high quality image data to be converted into layered image data, and classified into a plurality of sub cells, then stored in database as a compressed form. A client system connected to a server requires information, immediately downloads the required information, releases the compression, and then displays on a screen real time. In the present invention, a user can fast see only his wanted part since images of a newspaper and a magazine are converted as they were. Also, various additional information is provided with image, thereby providing multimedia digital publication services on wire or wireless network.
US08948523B2	Data processing method in tree form and data processing device The data processing method reversibly processing data information input to a data processing device by a processing unit including a data volume reducing unit reducing a data volume of the data information, and a developing unit reconstructing data information reduced in the data volume reducing unit. The processing unit is structured by overlaying processing layers formed of a plurality of cells. The data volume reducing unit performs unit processing on each of the plurality of cells having the data information. The unit processing performs identification processing by a weight according to equivalence and distance of data from a cell group adjacent to the cells, and reduces the cells by each of the processing layers in an order from a lower layer to an upper layer of the processing layers until a data position existing on a time axis of the cells stops to thereby reduces the data volume.
US08948519B2	Linear mark detection system, linear mark detection method, and non-transitory computer readable medium storing linear mark detecting program A linear mark detection system includes a filter value calculation unit, a filter value threshold processing unit, and a feature value output unit. The filter value calculation unit calculates, for each pixel of an image, filter values corresponding to each of a plurality of linear mark widths using pixel values inside and outside the linear mark. The filter value threshold processing unit selects the most suitable value from filter values corresponding to each of the plurality of linear mark widths as a feature value. The feature value output unit outputs, for each pixel of the image, the feature value computed by the filter value threshold processing function as the feature value corresponding to the linear mark.
US08948511B2	Automated document processing system An automated document processing system is configured to normalize zones obtained from a document, and to extract articles from the normalized zones. In one configuration, the system receives at least one zone from the document, and applies at least one zone-breaking factor, thereby creating normalized sub-zones within which text lines are consistent with the at least one zone-breaking factor. The normalized sub-zones may be evaluated to obtain a reading order. Adjacent sub-zones are joined if text similarity exceeds a threshold value. Weakly joined sub-zones are separated where indicated by a topic vectors analysis of the weakly joined sub-zones.
US08948509B2	Blending with multiple blend modes for image manipulation In various example embodiments, a system and method are provided for blending a group of layers with multiple blend modes such that additional style layers are applied to the layer group's combined shape, and clipped as if the style layers were applied to a single layer with the combined transparency of the group's layers. In example embodiments, for each of a plurality of layers: a group background is blended behind a group buffer, one of the plurality of layers is blended on top of the group buffer while ignoring a transparency of the group buffer, and the background is factored out from the group buffer. When the blending is complete, a style or effect is applied to the blended layers, and the background is blended behind the group result such that the group result transparency such that the style is clipped to the group result.
US08948489B2	Paper sheet recognition device and paper sheet recognition method A paper-sheet recognition apparatus includes a paper-sheet information acquisition unit that acquires paper-sheet information including an image data of the paper sheet; a candidate narrowing-down unit that narrows down a number of type candidates of the paper sheet to a small number of types based on the image data included in the paper-sheet information; a type determining unit that determines one type from the type candidates narrowed down by the candidate narrowing-down unit based on the image data included in the paper-sheet information; authenticity recognition unit that recognizes authenticity of the paper sheet as to each type candidate narrowed down by the candidate narrowing-down unit; an execution instructing unit that issues an instruction such that the type determining unit and the authenticity recognition unit are operated concurrently; and a final judgment unit that performs a final judgment on the paper sheet by combining the type determined by the type determining unit and authenticity recognition result corresponding to the type from among authenticity recognition results of the candidate types recognized by the authenticity recognition unit.
US08948487B2	Non-rigid 2D/3D registration of coronary artery models with live fluoroscopy images A method for non-rigid registration of digital 3D coronary artery models with 2D fluoroscopic images during a cardiac intervention includes providing a digitized 3D centerline representation of a coronary artery tree that comprises a set of S segments composed of QS 3D control points, globally aligning the 3D centerline to at least two 2D fluoroscopic images, and non-rigidly registering the 3D centerline to the at least two 2D fluoroscopic images by minimizing an energy functional that includes a summation of square differences between reconstructed centerline points and registered centerline points, a summation of squared 3D registration vectors, a summation of squared derivative 3D registration vectors, and a myocardial branch energy. The non-rigid registration of the 3D centerline is represented as a set of 3D translation vectors rs,q that are applied to corresponding centerline points xs,q in a coordinate system of the 3D centerline.
US08948475B2	Method for computing a color-coded analysis image A method for computing a color-coded analysis image of an examination area of an examination object from a temporal sequence of fluoroscopic images of the examination area comprising a vascular system containing arteries and/or veins is provided. An acquisition time instant has been assigned to each of the fluoroscopic images representing a given distribution of a material embolizing some of the vascular system. The fluoroscopic image spatially corresponds to an analysis image pixel by pixel. A computer receives the fluoroscopic images with a color attribute assigned to each pixel of the analysis image at an image point and a time instant. If a pixel differs from a pixel at a preceding time instant, the color attribute assumes a color attribute of the time instant and the difference. If a pixel corresponds to a background color of the analysis image, the color attribute assumes a background color.
US08948472B2	Automated imaging device and method for registration of anatomical structures A device and method for capturing images of a specific part of an anatomical structure using a series of images, wherein an image is taken of the anatomical structure and is compared to a database of information is order to determine and optimize the imaging conditions used for taken subsequent images of the specific part.
US08948468B2	Modification of viewing parameters for digital images using face detection information A method of modifying the viewing parameters of digital images using face detection for achieving a desired spatial parameters based on one or more sub-groups of pixels that correspond to one or more facial features of the face. Such methods may be used for animating still images, automating and streamlining application such as the creation of slide shows and screen savers of images containing faces.
US08948457B2	True space tracking of axisymmetric object flight using diameter measurement Methods and apparatus for determining a trajectory of a axisymmetric object in 3-D physical space using a digital camera which records 2-D image data are described. In particular, based upon i) a characteristic length of the axisymmetric object, ii) a physical position of the camera determined from sensors associated with the camera (e.g., accelerometers) and iii) captured 2-D digital images from the camera including a time at which each image is generated relative to one another, a position, a velocity vector and an acceleration vector can be determined in three dimensional physical space for axisymmetric object objects as a function of time. In one embodiment, the method and apparatus can be applied to determine the trajectories of objects in games which utilize axisymmetric object objects, such as basketball, baseball, bowling, golf, soccer, rugby or football.
US08948453B2	Device, method and non-transitory computer readable storage medium for detecting object A method for detecting objects is provided. The method comprises the steps outlined below. An image having pixels is acquired. Image blocks each corresponding to one of the pixels are generated. A specific image block is filtered using N filtering parameters that gradually enhance the blurriness of the specific image block to generate N filtering results. N RMSE values are computed, in which the M-th RMSE value is computed according to the M-th and the (M−1)-th filtering results. A slope of an approximate line is computed according to the RMSE values as the blurriness value of the specific image block. The above steps are repeated to generate the blurriness values of all the pixels. The blurriness value is compared to a threshold value to detect sharp pixels which are parts of a sharp object and further detect an in-focus object.
US08948450B2	Method and system for automatic object detection and subsequent object tracking in accordance with the object shape A method and system for automatic object detection and subsequent object tracking in accordance with the object shape in digital video systems having at least one camera for recording and transmitting video sequences. In accordance with the method and system, an object detection algorithm based on a Gaussian mixture model and expanded object tracking based on Mean-Shift are combined with each other in object detection. The object detection is expanded in accordance with a model of the background by improved removal of shadows, the binary mask generated in this way is used to create an asymmetric filter core, and then the actual algorithm for the shape-adaptive object tracking, expanded by a segmentation step for adapting the shape, is initialized, and therefore a determination at least of the object shape or object contour or the orientation of the object in space is made possible.
US08948449B2	Selecting visible regions in nighttime images for performing clear path detection A method provides for determining visible regions in a captured image during a nighttime lighting condition. An image is captured from an image capture device mounted to a vehicle. An intensity histogram of the captured image is generated. An intensity threshold is applied to the intensity histogram for identifying visible candidate regions of a path of travel. The intensity threshold is determined from a training technique that utilizes a plurality of training-based captured images of various scenes. An objective function is used to determine objective function values for each correlating intensity value of each training-based captured image. The objective function values and associated intensity values for each of the training-based captured images are processed for identifying a minimum objective function value and associated optimum intensity threshold for identifying the visible candidate regions of the captured image.
US08948444B2	Method for determining the tumbling motion of a vehicle wheel A method for determining the tumbling motion of a vehicle wheel and/or a measurement object attached to the vehicle wheel in the context of an axle measurement. The tumbling motion is executed relative to the precise wheel axis of rotation of the vehicle wheel and at least one orientation value is determined between the precise wheel axis of rotation and a reference axis. Using at least one image recording unit, at least two wheel features that are present on the vehicle wheel or are attached for the measurement are acquired as the vehicle travels past and are evaluated by an evaluation device situated downstream. Using the wheel features recorded as the vehicle travels past, a wheel coordinate system and a feature coordinate system are determined. The wheel coordinate system and the feature coordinate system are set into relation to one another in order to determine the orientation value.
US08948443B2	Luminance evaluation A method comprises providing a change to apply to video; dividing video into blocks; creating propagation map which captures only specific changes to blocks that would be changed by the application of the change; evaluating the change based on a luminance criterion as being a perceptible change or an imperceptible change; for propagation maps of an imperceptible change, storing the propagation map to a list, wherein the propagation map is the principle data structure to be applied to the video. The propagation map can be created by using motion vector changes associated with the change.
US08948441B2	Planar speaker system A planar speaker system may include a bottom frame having a cavity. Within this cavity a plurality of magnets may be arranged to form a substantially circular pattern. A diaphragm that includes a plurality of electrically conductive traces may be connected to the bottom frame and extend across the cavity of the bottom frame. When alternating current flows through the electrically conductive traces, the diaphragm may vibrate in response to the interaction between the current flowing in the electrically conductive traces and the magnetic field, thereby producing sound. The planar speaker system may include a top frame having a cavity, and a second set of magnets may be disposed in the cavity of the top frame.
US08948437B2	Audio speaker assembly including 360° speaker rod such as for incorporating into a watercraft and including portable support module with remote cloud storage and retrieval capabilities An audio speaker assembly for providing a 360° all around audio output. A speaker rod includes an upper audio output portion and a lower extending insertion tube portion. A holder includes a longitudinally extending inner passageway for receiving the rod in inserting fashion, with an electrical output signal representative of a succeeding audio output being communicated to the holder and rod.
US08948432B2	Microphone unit A microphone unit includes a case; a diaphragm arranged inside the case; and an electric circuit unit that processes an electric signal generated in accordance with vibration of the diaphragm. The case has a first sound introducing space that introduces a sound from outside of the case to a first surface of the diaphragm via a first sound hole; and a second sound introducing space that introduces a sound from outside of the case to a second diaphragm, via a second sound hole. A resonance frequency of the diaphragm is set in the range of ±4 kHz based on the resonance frequency of at least one of the first sound introducing space and the second sound introducing space.
US08948425B2	Method and apparatus for in-situ testing, fitting and verification of hearing and hearing aids An improved multi-function hearing aid having in-situ testing, fitting and verification functions is disclosed which solves problems long standing in the art of hearing aid fitting dealing with individual size differences in the size of the pina and ear canal of the user, individual preference to sound level and frequency variation, and verification procedures.
US08948423B2	Micro speaker Disclosed herein is a micro speaker capable of having a high-pitched sound speaker unit and a low-pitched sound speaker unit and allowing the respective speaker units to clearly reproduce an inherent sound without interference. The micro speaker for converting an electrical signal into an acoustic signal includes: a high-pitched sound speaker unit disposed in an outer case; and a low-pitched sound speaker unit disposed in the outer case together with the high-pitched sound speaker unit, wherein the high-pitched sound speaker unit and the low-pitched sound speaker unit are disposed in the outer case so that a high-pitched sound vibrating plate of the high-pitched sound speaker unit and a low-pitched sound vibrating plate of the low-pitched sound speaker unit have directions opposite to each other.
US08948410B2	Active audio noise cancelling A noise canceling system comprises a microphone generating a captured signal and a sound transducer radiating a sound canceling audio signal in the audio environment. A feedback path from the microphone to the sound transducer includes a non-adaptive canceling filter and a variable gain and receives the captured signal and generates a drive signal for the sound transducer. A gain detector determines a secondary path gain for at least part of a secondary path of a feedback loop. The secondary path may include the microphone, the sound transducer, and the acoustic path therebetween but does not include the non-adaptive canceling filter or the variable gain. A gain controller adjusts the in of the variable gain in response to the secondary path gain. The system use simple gain estimation and control to efficiently compensate for variations in the secondary path to provide improved stability and noise canceling performance.
US08948404B2	Apparatus and method encoding/decoding with phase information and residual information Provided is an apparatus and method of encoding and decoding multiple channel signals based upon phase information and one or more residual signals.
US08948387B2	Security key generator A communication system has a first and a second communicating device operable to send and receive data units through a communication channel. Some of the data are encrypted using a security key. The first device comprises a first key generator generating a first embodiment of the key independently of a second embodiment of the key generated by a second generator of the second device, the second embodiment being generated independently of the first, which depends on parameter(s) characterizing a first transmission quality of the channel when receiving a first set of unencrypted data sent by the second device. The second embodiment depends on parameter(s) characterizing a second transmission quality of the channel when receiving a second set of unencrypted data sent by the first device, the first set being different from the second set.
US08948377B2	Encryption device, encryption system, encryption method, and encryption program The object is to enable cipher communication even when a cipher key in a one-time pad cipher (Vernam cipher) is running short. A one-time pad encrypting part encrypts communication data by the one-time pad cipher by sequentially using part of a one-time pad cipher key stored in a one-time pad cipher key storage part, to generate encrypted data. A block-encrypting part encrypts communication data by a block cipher by using a block-cipher key stored in a block-cipher key storage part, to generate encrypted data. An encryption control part controls whether the communication data is to be encrypted by the one-time pad encrypting part, or by the block-encrypting part, depending on a remaining bit count of the one-time pad cipher key stored in the one-time pad cipher key storage part.
US08948358B1	Monitoring of personal and business use of telephony devices According to one or more embodiments, a telecommunication system includes a call routing circuit configured to receive and route calls and data transmissions from a plurality of telecommunication devices. The telecommunication system also includes a processing circuit for monitoring business and personal use of telecommunication devices associated with a client account. The processing circuit is configured to maintain a log of calls and data transmissions routed by the call-routing circuit for a the plurality of telecommunication devices. The processing circuit is further configured to use a set of classification functions in a policy of the client account to determine whether each of the identified first set of calls and data transmissions are business related or personal based on characteristics of each of the first set of calls and data transmissions.
US08948355B2	System and method for dispatching field technicians based on locations of storage locations A method is disclosed for determining a technician to dispatch to a customer site requiring a service call. A first plurality of technicians assigned to a customer site requiring a service call is determined. A location of each of the technicians is also determined. A first plurality of distances is determined between each of the technicians and a plurality of locations at which is disposed equipment needed for the service call. A second plurality of distances is determined between each of the technicians and a plurality of service vehicles at which is disposed the equipment needed for the service call. One of the technicians is dispatched to the customer site based on the location of each of the technicians, on the first plurality of distances, and on the second plurality of distances. A system for implementing the method is disclosed.
US08948352B2	Multi-channel interactive message response system The current application is directed to a multi-channel interactive message response system that allows for interaction between users and the multi-channel interactive message response system through many different types of devices, communications protocols, and communications media. The multi-channel interactive message response system, in one implementation, is implemented within an automated communications system that organizes and facilitates information exchange between members of organizations and between organizations and individuals outside the organizations.
US08948343B2	Arrangement and method for active vibration damping within an X-ray radiator In an arrangement and method for active vibration compensation of an x-ray radiator, a counter-vibration generation unit is arranged within the x-ray radiator to reduce a vibration arising during operation of the x-ray radiator. The counter-vibration generating unit is engaged in an active connection with the x-ray radiator and generates a counter-vibration that is phase-shifted by 180 degrees relative to the operational vibration. Operational vibrations generated by the x-ray radiator can be directly reduced at the point of origin by the application of active counter-vibrations in the immediate proximity of the vibration generator. Additional vibration transmission to other system parts (for example a C-arm) is thereby reduced or prevented.
US08948339B2	Radiation tomography apparatus One object of this invention is to provide a radiation tomography apparatus for acquiring a tomographic image from a plurality of fluoroscopic images. The radiation tomography apparatus can acquire the tomographic image having superior visibility without being influenced by a shadow of a collimator appearing in the fluoroscopic image when radiation is applied only to a portion of an FPD through control of the collimator. In this invention, a boundary between a shadow area where the shadow of the collimator appears in the fluoroscopic image and a non-shadow area is identified, and the shadow area in the fluoroscopic image is complemented by the non-shadow area, etc., whereby a complement image is generated. Then the complement image is used for generating the tomographic image. According to this invention, an extremely dark area where the shadow of the collimator appears is removed and thereafter the tomographic image is generated. As a result, the tomographic image has superior visibility with no blurring due to the shadow of the collimator.
US08948334B2	System and method for testing the steam system of a boiling water reactor A system and method for predicting acoustic loads expected on a boiling water reactor (BWR) may include a BWR scale model, a test fixture for generating air flow in the scale model, and one or measurement devices for monitoring system behavior to predict how acoustic loads may affect plant operation for the BWR being evaluated.
US08948329B2	Apparatus and methods for timing recovery in a wireless transceiver Apparatus and methods for use in a wireless communication system are disclosed for recovery of timing tracking in a device, such as a wireless transceiver, after decoding errors occur due to incorrect timing tracking. In particular, the disclosed methods and apparatus recover timing tracking by monitoring a decoded signal in the transceiver for decoding errors occurring during a first frame, determining whether a number of decoding errors is greater than a predetermined amount, reacquiring a first pilot channel at a start of a subsequently received second frame when the number of decoding errors is determined to be greater than the predetermined amount, and resetting timing tracking of the transceiver based on the reacquired first pilot channel.
US08948327B2	System and method for discrete gain control in hybrid MIMO/RF beamforming A system for selectively and discretely amplifying or attenuating antennas in a hybrid multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radio distribution network (RDN) receiving system is provided herein. The system includes a MIMO receiving system comprising a MIMO baseband module having N branches; an RDN connected to the MIMO receiving system, the RDN comprising at least one beamformer fed by two or more antennas, so that a total number of antennas in the system is M, wherein M is greater than N, wherein each one of the beamformers include a passive combiner configured to combine signals coming from the antennas coupled to a respective beamformer into a combined signal, wherein the at least one beamformer is further configured to selectively amplify or attenuate in discrete steps, one or more of the signals coming from the M antennas, based on qualitative metrics measured by the MIMO baseband module.
US08948318B2	Incremental lattice reduction systems and methods An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an incremental lattice reduction method comprising: receiving an input signal at a plurality of input terminals; evaluating a reliability assessment condition using a primary symbol vector estimate of at least a portion of the input signal; terminating the incremental lattice reduction method if the reliability assessment condition is satisfied; and if the reliability assessment condition is not satisfied, performing at least one iteration of a lattice reduction detection sub-method to obtain a secondary symbol vector estimate.
US08948317B2	Receiver apparatus, reception method, communication system, and communication method A receiver apparatus includes a channel estimator (b106) to perform channel estimation. The channel estimator includes an interim channel impulse estimating unit (b106-1) that calculates an interim channel impulse response estimation value, a path extracting unit (b106-3) that extracts a path for use in calculation of a channel impulse response estimation value from among paths forming the interim channel impulse response estimation values, a channel impulse response estimating unit (b106-4) that calculates the channel impulse response estimation value using the path extracted by the path extracting unit, and a frequency response estimating unit (b106-5) that converts the channel impulse response estimation value into a frequency response estimation value by time-frequency transforming the channel impulse response estimation value. In this way, a receiver apparatus capable of performing accurate channel estimation results.
US08948315B2	Receiver comprising a device for correcting doppler effect A OFDM digital communication receiver having channel estimate and correction means and inter carrier interference cancellation means based on the use of a temporal digital filter comprising a set of digital coefficients. The receiver includes n Look-Up Tables LUT(n), each corresponding to a given set of digital coefficients and an entry pointer.
US08948314B2	Symbol timing recovery with multi-core processor A method of performing timing error detection includes receiving, by a multi-core processor, a data stream and up-sampling the data stream by a plurality of processing cores of the multi-core processor. The up-sampling is performed in parallel by the plurality of processing cores. The method includes selecting one sample per symbol of the data stream to generate a sampled data output. The method also includes performing symbol timing recovery based on the sampled data output to adjust a resampling point.
US08948307B2	Ask signal generator According to one embodiment, an ASK signal generator includes a differential oscillator, a first modulator, a second modulator, a first transmission line, a second transmission line and an impedance adjustment circuit. The differential oscillator generates first and second signals having an opposite phase, and outputs the first and second signals from first and second output terminals. The first modulator connected to the first output terminal is set in the normally off state. The second modulator connected to the second output terminal is turned on or off according to a digital signal. The first and second transmission lines connected to the first and second output terminals have a length equal to a ¼ wavelength of the oscillation frequency of the differential oscillator. The impedance adjustment circuit is operated together with the second modulator according to the digital signal.
US08948295B1	Preamble generating device, preamble generating method, and non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a program A first calculator generates first computational data by reordering elements in at least one of either a real data sequence or an imaginary data sequence constituting a data sequence having a number of elements determined according to a number of elements in a preamble model. A second calculator generates second computational data in which elements of data obtained by applying a fast Fourier transform to the first computational data are spaced apart by a designated number of elements. A preamble generator generates a preamble by multiplying each element of the second computational data by an element of the preamble model at a same position as the each element. A preamble determiner determines on the preamble as a preamble of the transmit signal in a case in which a peak-to-average power ratio of data obtained by applying an inverse fast Fourier transform to the preamble matches a predetermined criterion.
US08948294B2	Communication of synchronization signals between base station and terminal Present document is related with communication of synchronization signals between base station and terminal. The base station acquires a primary synchronization signal generated using a Constant Amplitude Zero Auto-Correlation (CAZAC) sequence having a root index M and having a length L, and a secondary synchronization signal informing a cell group ID. And, the base station transmits the primary synchronization signal at a last symbol of a specific time domain unit to one or more terminals, and the secondary synchronization signal at a second-to-last symbol of the specific time domain unit to the one or more terminals. Here, the root index M is one among a root index set comprising m0 and m1 meeting “m0+m1=(½L)n” or “m0−m1=±(½L)n”, where ‘n’ is an integer greater than 0.
US08948290B2	Method and arrangement for symbol mapping in communication systems utilizing OFDM-techniques The present invention relates to a method and arrangement for symbol mapping in wireless communication systems utilizing OFDM transmission technology in combination with advanced coding schemes. In the method according to the present invention, adapted for use in a wireless communication system utilizing OFDM transmission technology, an OFDM grid is defined by at least a first dimension and a second dimensions from the dimensions time, frequency or space. The advanced coding scheme, for example Alamouti coding, outputs symbols that are related via the coding. At least some of the symbols, defining a code related symbol group should experience identical, or at least very similar, radio channels. According to one embodiment of the present invention, symbols from the same code related symbol group is placed as close together in the OFDM grid as possible.
US08948282B2	Mapping a transmission stream in a virtual baseband to a physical baseband with equalization Embodiments include processes, systems, and devices for reshaping virtual baseband signals for transmission on non-contiguous and variable portions of a physical baseband, such as a white space frequency band. In the transmission path, a spectrum virtualization layer maps a plurality of transmission components associated with a transmission symbol produced by a physical layer protocol to sub-carriers of the allocated physical frequency band. The spectrum virtualization layer then outputs a physical transmission symbol composed of time-domain samples derived from the mapped frequency components and a cyclic prefix. In the receive path, a time-domain symbol received on the physical baseband is reshaped and equalized by the virtual spectrum layer in order to recompose a time-domain samples of a transmission stream in the virtual baseband.
US08948267B1	System and method of video coding using adaptive macroblock processing An embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-core processor that processes video data. The control core controls a first processing core to process a first set of data blocks of an image frame according to a stairstep pattern. The control core detects, while the first processing core is processing the first set, that a triggering data block has been processed in the first set. The control core controls, while the first processing core is processing the first set, a second processing core to process a second set of data blocks using information from the triggering data block. By processing data blocks in the stairstep pattern, cache hit rate is improved, resulting in improved video decoder performance.
US08948265B2	Motion vector derivation method, moving picture coding method and moving picture decoding method A motion vector derivation unit includes a comparison unit for comparing a parameter TR1 for a reference vector with a predetermined value to determine whether it exceeds the predetermined value or not; a switching unit for switching selection between the maximum value of a pre-stored parameter TR and the parameter TR1 according to the comparison result by the comparison unit; a multiplier parameter table (for multipliers); and a multiplier parameter table (for divisors) for associating the parameter TR1 with a value approximate to the inverse value (1/TR1) of this parameter TR1.
US08948260B2	Adaptive GOP structure in video streaming This system adaptively assigns picture types used for temporal compression to frames of streaming video at the input. Based on threshold testing of two metrics that are measures of distance between the frames at the input, a frame may be assigned to be compressed as an I, P, or B frame or be skipped over by the system without being coded at all.
US08948247B2	System and method for processing video files In accordance with an embodiment, a method of operating a video server includes receiving a first video bitstream, storing the first bitstream in a memory, generating a second video bitstream from the first video bitstream, and storing the second video bitstream in the memory. The first video bitstream has a plurality of independently coded views and the second video bitstream has one of the plurality of independently coded views.
US08948245B2	Displaying graphical output representing the activity of a plurality of monitoring detection devices Graphical output representing the activity of a plurality of monitoring detection devices over a region is displayed. The detection devices are represented as an array of regular polygons in an arrangement substantially analogous to the monitored region, and a characteristic of the graphical output is adjusted within a displayed polygon by a degree dependent upon the level of activity detected by its respective detection device.
US08948243B2	Image encoding device, image decoding device, image encoding method, and image decoding method Disclosed is an image encoding device which is constructed in such a way as to include an encoding mode determining unit 4 for evaluating the degree of efficiency of encoding of a difference image A which is the difference between an image of a macroblock to be encoded, and a prediction image A generated by a motion-compensated prediction unit 2 in a motion prediction mode A, and also evaluating the degree of efficiency of encoding of a difference image B which is the difference between the image of the macroblock to be encoded, and a prediction image B generated by the motion-compensated prediction unit 2 in a motion prediction mode B, and for selecting a difference image having a higher degree of encoding efficiency.
US08948240B2	System and method for terrestrial high-definition television reception An adaptive receiver is disclosed for optimally receiving and processing signals. The receiver utilizes one or more memory blocks to store groups of incoming symbols. The groups of symbols are processed by a channel estimation subsystem to determine channel characteristics. The receiver determines the appropriate demodulation and decoding strategy to implement based on the determined channel characteristics. The receiver includes a plurality of demodulation and decoding schemes, one of which is selected based on the results of a channel estimation analysis.
US08948235B2	Intelligent backhaul radio with co-band zero division duplexing utilizing transmitter to receiver antenna isolation adaptation A intelligent backhaul radio is disclosed, which can operate by zero division duplexing for use in PTP or PMP topologies, providing for significant spectrum usage benefits among other benefits. Specific system architectures and structures to enable active cancellation of multiple transmit signals at multiple receivers within a MIMO radio are disclosed. Further disclosed aspects include the adaptive optimization of cancellation parameters or coefficients.
US08948232B2	Method for transmitting a digital signal for a semi-orthogonal MARC system having half-duplex relay, and corresponding program product and relay device A method and device are provided for transmitting a digital signal intended for a network having at least four nodes including two transmitters, a relay and a receiver separated from one another by non-orthogonal links, except between the relay and the destination, between which the link is orthogonal, implementing a spatially distributed network code. The method includes: encoding, in each transmitter, supplying a code word for every block of K bits of information; transmitting, in the transmitters, the code word during αN transmission intervals, αε[0,1]; jointly, iteratively detecting/decoding, in the relay, in order to separate interfering streams from the transmitters and to determine, for each stream, a vector representing the K bits of information associated with the code word; jointly encoding, in the relay, the two vectors in order to determine redundancy information, and scheduling the relays to transmit the redundancy information during the (1−α)N following transmission intervals.
US08948230B1	Multi-rate coexistence scheme in DSSS O-QPSK network An IEEE 802.15.4 DSSS Offset-QPSK device is proposed that allows an existing system to transfer Offset-QPSK modulation signal into MSK modulation signal, then deliver the MSK modulation signal without DSSS to increase payload data transmission rate. On-the-fly detection of whether a low data rate or a high data rate encoding mode is used for a received frame is attained by the transmitter setting a predetermined bit in the frame length byte of a transmitting frame. Thus an extra high data rate transmission for IEEE 802.15.4 DSSS Offset-QPSK systems can be provided.
US08948225B2	Interband cascade laser amplifier medium An interband cascade laser amplifier medium (M) having a number of cascades (C) strung together along a transport direction (T) of charge carriers and each having an electron injector region (I), an amplifier region (V) and an electron collector region (K), wherein the amplifier region (V) has a hole quantum film (1) having a first semiconductor material and an electron quantum film (2) having a second semiconductor material, and wherein the electron collector region (K) has at least one collector quantum film (4) having a third semiconductor material and separated by a first barrier layer (3), and the electron injector region (I) has at least one injector quantum film (5) having a fourth semiconductor material and separated by a second barrier layer (3).
US08948217B2	Optical fiber with multi section core An optical fiber which includes a core region embedded within a cladding. The core region of the optical fiber further comprises multiple sections, each doped with rare earth ions.
US08948209B2	Transmission over an 12C bus A method and a system of multichannel transmission over a twin-wire bus including a data signal and a synchronization signal, data of a first channel being transmitted by a state coding of the data signal for a time period containing a first state of the synchronization signal, data of a second channel being transmitted by pulse coding outside of said period.
US08948199B2	Fibre channel processing by a host channel adapter A method for data storage includes mapping a queue pair (QP) of a channel adapter to a specified Fiber Channel (FC) exchange for communication with a storage device. Upon receiving at the channel adapter from a host computer a storage command directed to the storage device, the storage command is executed by transmitting data packets over a switched network from the channel adapter to the storage device using the specified exchange and performing a remote direct memory access (RDMA) operation on the channel adapter using the mapped QP.
US08948198B2	Advanced wireless packet transmission scheme with enhancements to accommodate basic wireless packet transmission scheme Methods and systems for signaling on a mixed-mode wireless network comprising a plurality of channels are provided. The mixed-mode wireless network includes high-throughput (HT) wireless devices and legacy wireless devices that use channels of the same width. The HT devices transmit data on at least two channels, while the legacy devices transmit on one channel. The distances between the HT channels and the distances between the legacy channels might differ, however, the channels used by the HT devices and the legacy devices may overlap. As a result, cooperation between the HT devices and legacy devices is provided to enable the devices to coexist on the same wireless network by minimizing collisions and interference. The HT devices are configured to send control information to the legacy devices to coordinate transmission by the HT devices with the legacy devices.
US08948192B2	Data switch A data switch for an integrated circuit comprising at least one link for receiving input data packets from an independently modulated spread spectrum clock (SSC) enabled source having predetermined spread spectrum link clock frequency characteristics, and at least one output for transmitting the data packets after passage through the switch, the switch further comprising at least one receive buffer having a link side and a core side for receiving the SSC modulated input data packets from the link, at least one transmit buffer and a core clock, wherein the core clock operates at a given frequency between predetermined error limits determined by oscillation accuracy alone and is not SSC-enabled, the core clock frequency being set at a level at least as high as the highest link clock frequency such that the receive buffer cannot be filled faster from its link side than it can be emptied from its core side.
US08948190B2	Alternate routing of voice communication in a packet-based network A method for performing alternate and therefore least cost routing in distributed H.323 Voice over IP (VoIP) networks is provided. With this method, the VoIP network consists of a hierarchy of gatekeeper (GK) functions to provide alternate routing, network element redundancy, and scalability. The alternate routing function is performed by a directory gatekeeper with route selection advancing from a first route to a second route by either of two conditions: (1) there are no resources available to terminate the call in the first zone; and (2) a lack of response to the directory GK request for such resources.
US08948165B2	IP telephony on a home network device In one embodiment, a method for providing voice communications in a packet switched network protocol through a home network is provided, the method comprising: receiving, at a first home network device, an incoming call in the packet switched network protocol; notifying a second home network device of the incoming call; receiving an indication from the second home network device that the second home network device accepts the call; and forwarding the incoming call to the second home network device.
US08948164B2	Terminal, method and system for performing combination service using terminal capability version A terminal, method and system for providing a CS service, a SIP-based service, or a CSI service, are provided. According to an embodiment, the terminal includes a controller to receive a terminal capability version of at least one target terminal, to compare the received terminal capability version with a previously stored terminal capability version of the at least one target terminal, and to determine whether to request for terminal capability information of the at least one target terminal based on the comparison result, wherein the terminal capability version identifies a version of capabilities of the at least one target terminal.
US08948156B2	Method and system for generating timed events in a radio frame in an E-UTRA/LTE UE receiver A mobile device coupled to a common system clock receives a signal comprising a primary synchronization sequence (PSS) and a secondary synchronization sequence (SSS) in a radio frame. Sample counts are generated for timed events based on corresponding operating bandwidths. The timed events are detected at modulo sample counts of the generated sample counts according to corresponding operating bandwidths. PSS symbol timing determined via the PSS synchronization is aligned to the generated sample counts based on corresponding operating bandwidth. The generated sample counts are bit-shifted relative to the aligned PSS symbol timing for other timed events based on corresponding operating bandwidths. The one or more timed events are determined via performing modulo counting after the bit-shifting. Timing operations are performed at the determined timed events and the determined one or more timed events are refined, accordingly.
US08948148B2	Apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving data in communication system A data transmission apparatus in a communication system includes a reception unit configured to receive adjacent terminal information from a plurality of terminals through a new frequency band for transmission and reception of data between the terminals and one AP (access point); a verification unit configured to identify positions of the terminals within a service coverage of the AP through the adjacent terminal information, group the terminals into terminal groups through position-based grouping, and verify transmission possible times to the AP, in terminals included in the terminal groups; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the transmission possible times to the terminals included in the terminal groups through beacon frames in the AP, wherein, as the transmission possible times for the terminal groups, different time intervals are allocated in a beacon interval of the beacon frames.
US08948140B2	W-CDMA communication system and method of controlling CQI transmission cycle A base station (20) and a mobile station (10) preliminarily register a transmission cycle of a CQI associated with every free space, in which channelization codes are not defined in a channelization code set of an HS-SCCH. In the case of setting of the transmission cycle of the CQI, the base station (20) transmits identification information of the free spaces associated with the transmission cycle to be set up to the mobile station (10) by the HS-SCCH. When the identification information of the free space is received by the HS-SCCH, the mobile station (10) transmits the CQI to the base station (20) at the transmission cycle associated with the free space.
US08948138B2	Signal compression for backhaul communications using linear transformations A compression/decompression method for backhaul communication of a complex-valued radio signal between base stations and the network processing unit, such as a Central Processor of a Coordinated MultiPoint (CoMP) system, significantly reduces backhaul bandwidth. The spatial and temporal correlations of the wireless IQ signal are exploited in order to remove redundancy and substantially reduce signal bandwidth. Feature component signals of significance are extracted through linear transformation to form the radio signal, and are individually quantized, possibly at different bit rates in accordance with their relative importance. The transformation can either be pre-determined or computed in real-time based on the spatial and temporal statistics of the radio signal. In the latter case, the transformation matrix or matrices are also sent over the backhaul in order to allow the radio signal to be reconstructed at the receiving end. Different methods of generating the transformation matrices are proposed.
US08948130B2	Zone switching method in a broadband wireless access system having regard to security association and device for same The present invention relates to a wireless access system, and more particularly, to a method for supporting security during a handover performance through a zone switch and to a device performing same. According to one embodiment of the present invention, switching a zone by a terminal in a broadband wireless access system comprises the following steps: creating at least one service flow in a first zone that supports the legacy mode of a base station; receiving at the base station a first message, which indicates a zone switch to a second zone that supports an advanced mode; and performing the zone switch, wherein performing the zone switch may further comprise a step for receiving from the second zone a second message, which includes security association information that indicates the security association applied to at least one service flow in the second zone.
US08948125B2	Method and system for handover and domain transfer in a telecommunications system A method and system for handover of a User Equipment (UE) from a source packet system to a target packet system in a packet switched domain of a wireless communications network while transferring the UE to a circuit switched domain. The target packet system includes a radio access network portion and a first core network portion. The circuit switched domain includes a second radio access network portion and a second core network portion. The UE performs an attachment/registration/update procedure towards the second core network portion and/or a signaling connection establishment before the handover between the source packet system and the target packet system is executed.
US08948121B2	Method and device for transmitting a downlink reference signal in a wireless communication system supporting multiple antennas A method for a base station to transmit a channel-state-information reference signal for up to 8 antenna ports includes mapping, in accordance with a predetermined pattern, the channel-state-information reference signal for up to 8 antenna ports onto a data region of a downlink subframe having an extended cyclic prefix (CP) structure, and transmitting the downlink subframe onto which the channel-state-information reference signal for up to 8 antenna ports has been mapped; and, in the predetermined pattern, the channel-state-information reference signal for up to 8 antenna ports in mapped onto 2 OFDM symbols on the data region of the downlink subframe, with a definition for mapping onto at least one of 4 subcarrier wave positions in each of the 2 OFDM symbols, and the 4 subcarrier wave positions defined in the predetermined pattern can be disposed at 3 subcarrier wave intervals.
US08948120B2	Exploiting hybrid-channel information for downlink multi-user scheduling A method for determining an optimal network utilization maximization in a communication system with wireless links in which current and coarse channel state information CSI is available from all users, along with a limited amount of fine CSI by way of a frame based entails a scheduling and feedback under which a virtual queue is associated with each user with virtual rates being determined at start of each frame and policy of each frame being determined by solving a decision process.
US08948119B2	Method and apparatus for transmitting uplink Provided are a method and a wireless device for transmitting an uplink. The wireless device transmits a random access preamble to a first serving cell through a first wireless resource, and transmits an uplink channel to a second serving cell through a second wireless resource. The first serving cell belongs to a first timing advance (TA) group, and the second serving cell belongs to a second TA group that differs from the first TA group. All or a portion of the first wireless resource and the second wireless resource overlap.
US08948115B2	Method for controlling uplink transmission power for transmitting a plurality of code words in a wireless communication system that supports a plurality of antennas, and apparatus for performing the method The present invention relates to a terminal which controls uplink transmission power for transmitting a plurality of code words in a wireless communication system that supports a plurality of antennas, and a method in which the terminal performs the control. In a terminal which controls uplink transmission power for transmitting a plurality of code words in a wireless communication system that supports a plurality of antennas, a receiver receives, from a base station, an indicator that concerns the determination of the transmission power for each code word of the plurality of code words. A processor determines uplink transmission power for transmitting the plurality of code words on the basis of the indication value of the indicator. If the indication value is zero, the processor allocates the same uplink transmission power to each of the plurality of code words.
US08948104B2	Method and apparatus for feedback in multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) communication system Provided is a feedback method and apparatus in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. A terminal may determine a preferred pre-coding matrix for a neighboring terminal, based on a reference rank determined by a base station and a preferred pre-coding matrix of the terminal. The terminal may calculate a channel quality indicator (CQI) based on the preferred precoding matrix for the neighboring terminal, and may feed the CQI back to the base station.
US08948076B2	Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving reference signal in wireless communication system Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting processing reference signals in a mobile communication system. A base station determines a reference signal pattern comprising at least one resource element, generates a bitmap indicator indicating whether zero transmission power is assigned to the at least one resource element of the reference signal pattern, and transmits the reference signal pattern and the bitmap indicator to a terminal. The terminal receives the reference signal pattern and the bitmap indicator, and processes a reference signal extracted according to the reference signal pattern and the bitmap indicator.
US08948075B2	Apparatus and method for supporting different system in a broadband wireless communication system using multi-hop relay scheme An apparatus and method for supporting a different system in a broadband wireless communication system using a multi-hop relay scheme are provided. A DownLink/UpLink (DL/UL) frame of a Base Station (BS) includes a legacy access zone for communicating with a legacy Mobile Station (MS), a relay zone for communicating with a legacy Relay Station (RS), and a new zone for communicating with a new MS. A DL/UL frame of an RS includes a legacy access zone for communicating with a legacy MS and a legacy relay zone for communicating with a new BS by legacy standards.
US08948072B2	Method for providing a plurality of services A method comprising providing a plurality of services to be transmitted over a common area by a plurality of nodes; and providing information relating to a quantity of data of said plurality of services for all of said services to said plurality of nodes.
US08948065B2	Information processing system and information processing method A handheld terminal 200 performs wireless communication with a game apparatus 103 and determines whether the wireless communication with the game apparatus 103 is possible. The game apparatus 103 performs wireless communication with the handheld terminal 200 and determines whether the wireless communication with the handheld terminal 200 is possible. The game apparatus 103 performs a return home determination process, based on the determination about whether the wireless communication is possible, when the wireless communication with the handheld terminal 200 has become, after having become disabled, enabled again.
US08948058B2	System and method for improving audio quality during web conferences over low-speed network connections A method that includes: (1) transmitting, at a first transmit time point, a first probe packet over a network connection to a conferencing server immediately before transmitting a data packet, the first probe packet arriving at the conferencing server at a first receive time point; (2) transmitting, at a second transmit time point, a second probe packet over the network connection to the conferencing server immediately after transmitting the data packet, the second probe packet arriving at the conferencing server at a second receive time point, the first and second probe packets being smaller than the data packet; (3) receiving information encoding a first difference between the first and second transmit time points and a second difference between the first and second receive time points; and (4) based on the first and second differences, modifying a transmission parameter associated with data packets to be transmitted thereafter to the conferencing server.
US08948056B2	Spanning-tree based loop detection for an ethernet fabric switch One embodiment of the present invention provides a switch. The switch includes a local database, a packet processor, a data management module, and a tree construction module. The packet processor extracts spanning tree information associated with a remote switch. The data management module stores the extracted spanning tree information in the local database. The tree construction module assigns an interface state associated with a spanning tree to a local interface based on the extracted spanning tree information.
US08948055B2	Resilient interworking of shortest path bridging and Ethernet virtual private networks An Ethernet network, an Ethernet method, and an Ethernet node provide active-active dual-homed interworking between two Ethernet networks. The network, method, and node can include two nodes interconnected each to a Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) network and an Ethernet Virtual Private Network (E-VPN). The two nodes can utilize a same Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI) for the E-VPN network to cause the dual-homed links to appear as a single link from an E-VPN perspective and a dummy node to advertise an extra node in the SPB network enabling two paths therein.
US08948051B2	System and method for efficient MVPN source redundancy with S-PMSI A system, method and apparatus for source redundant MVPN in which a number of Interface Indices is reduced by leaf node Incoming Label Maps (ILM) including one or more Interface Indices common to multiple tunnels.
US08948045B2	Communication system and method of configuring a communication interface A network element has one or more logical communication interfaces each of which has a data set defining parameters for the interface. A data storage medium stores a profile containing information for an interface, the profile having a profile identifier for identifying the profile. The data set associated with an interface includes a profile identifier for enabling the communication interface to access information in the profile by referring to the profile identifier. The profile may include information relating to neighbor discovery communications between one network element and another, and the same profile may be accessed by any number of interfaces.
US08948033B2	Communication system, communication apparatus, and ring network monitoring method A communication apparatus forming a ring network sends a test frame that is not designed to be discarded at a block point in the ring network established to discard the user frame and that is configured to have a data size randomly selected from the data sizes permitted for the user frame, from a first communication port connected to a transfer channel in a first direction in the ring network. The communication apparatus determines that the transfer status of the user frame in the ring network is normal when the sent test frame is received via a second communication port connected to a transfer channel in a second direction in the ring network in a predetermined manner.
US08948026B2	User-preference-based DSL system Operator-controlled implementations of user preferences are provided when feasible. User preference data is obtained by the operator and compared to operational characteristics and parameters of a communication system, such as a DSL system, to determine whether one or more of the user preferences can be implemented in the communication system. When implementation of a user preference would violate operational rules of the system, or where implementation would adversely affect system operation, the preference need not be implemented. However, when a user preference can be implemented in the system without causing problems, the operator can implement (or permit another party to implement) the user preference to effect the user's desires. The user preference data can be obtained directly from users (for example, by surveys and other direct user feedback) or can be obtained indirectly (for example, by constructing a Hidden Markov Model that shows user preferences). The operator may collect the user preference data from a user set (for example, a single user or a plurality of users). The user preference data can be compared to 2 or more performance metrics that can be adjusted, to the extent feasible, to implement the user preference data.
US08948023B2	Enhancing mtrace to detect failure in multicast diverse paths In one embodiment, a network device may receive an mtrace query, where the mtrace query identifies two or more multicast routing paths. The network device may generate two or more mtrace requests using at least a portion of information obtained from the mtrace query such that each of the two or more mtrace requests identifies a different one of the two or more multicast routing paths. The network device may send each of the two or more mtrace requests via a different one of the two or more multicast routing paths. The network device may then receive at least one response including information pertaining to the two or more multicast routing paths.
US08948020B2	Detecting and isolating dropped or out-of-order packets in communication networks A processor-implemented method for analyzing dropped or out of order data packets that are sent from an initiating device over a communications network is provided. The processor-implemented method may include receiving, by a processor, a predetermined plurality of test data packets from the initiating device over the communications network. At least one of the predetermined plurality of test data packets that are dropped or received out of order may be determined by the processor. A header portion corresponding to the at least one of the predetermined plurality of test data packets that are dropped or received out of order may then be accessed. The accessed header portion is sent, by the processor, to the initiating device, whereby the accessed header portion may include information associated with a device location at which the one or more of the predetermined plurality of test data packets are dropped or received out of order.
US08948015B2	Method for enabling the efficient operation of arbitrarily interconnected mesh networks Wireless mesh networks (or “meshes”) are enabled for arbitrary interconnection to each other and may provide varying levels of coverage and redundancy as desired. Interoperability between meshes having differing configurations, internal operations, or both, may be freely intermixed and inter-operated in unrestricted combination. Enhanced explicit inter-bridge control protocols operate using pre-existing control packets. Pre-existing broadcast packet floods are used to learn the best paths across interconnected meshes (termed a “multi-mesh”). Enhanced routing protocols operating within each mesh may optionally examine information limited to the respective mesh when forwarding traffic, thus enabling robust multi-mesh scaling with respect to memory and processing time required by the routing protocols. Communication scalability is improved by enabling frequency diversity across the multi-mesh by configuring meshes within interference range of each other for operation at a plurality of frequencies. Each mesh may operate at a respective non-interfering frequency.
US08948012B2	System and method for interactive session provision Systems and methods applicable, for instance, in interactive session provision. One or more nodes and/or other computers might, for example, provide to one or more other nodes and/or other computers the ability to employ certain software for an interactive session. A node and/or other computer providing the ability might, for instance, provide to a node and/or other computer receiving the ability software to be used in the interactive session, and/or one or more appropriate keys. A node and/or other computer that has received the ability might, for example, lose the ability with interactive session termination.
US08947989B2	Wobble determining apparatus and method, optical disk device, and computer program A wobble determining apparatus is provided with: a calculating device for calculating (i) a first time required until reaching a number of revolutions of a motor which allows a predetermined linear velocity, and (ii) a second time required to move an optical head to a position which allows the predetermined linear velocity, on the basis of the number of revolutions of the motor and the position of the optical head; a judging device for judging whether to keep the optical head in accordance with the calculated first time and the calculated second time; and a controlling device for controlling a moving device not to move the optical head if it is judged to keep the optical head, and for controlling the moving device to move the optical head to the position which allows the predetermined linear velocity if it is judged not to keep the optical head.
US08947978B2	System and method for estimating the direction of arrival of a sound A system and method for estimating the direction of arrival of sounds. One method including the steps of: forming a reference signal; detecting sound with two or more spatially separated, directional or spatially separated directional, microphones to produce two or more output signals; calculating the relationships between each of the two or more output signals and the reference signal; and estimating the direction of arrival based on differences between the relationships.
US08947977B1	Fuzing arrangements A proximity fuzing arrangement for fuzing warheads carried by missiles which reduces the likelihood of the missile being detonated prematurely by such cases as rain or enemy counter measures. The fuzing arrangement includes at least two channels responsive to target signals in different frequency bands and also includes means for comparing the signals in these channels to distinguish between spurious signals such as enemy counter measures or rain and so called “true target signals”.
US08947961B2	Management of non-volatile memory A method for programming a non-volatile memory including a plurality of blocks, each block including a plurality of sections, each section including at least one page, and each page including a plurality of memory cells. The method includes checking a current section of the plurality of sections against a damaged section table to determine whether the current section is damaged. The damaged section table records information about whether a section in the memory is good or damaged. The method further includes using the current section for programming if the current section is not damaged.
US08947957B2	Built-in self repair for memory A method for repairing a memory includes running a built-in self-test of the memory to find faulty bits. A first repair result using a redundant row block is calculated. A second repair result using a redundant column block is calculated. The first repair result and the second repair result are compared. A repair method using either the redundant row block or the redundant column block is selected. The memory is repaired by replacing a row block having at least one faulty bit with the redundant row block or replacing a column block having at least one faulty bit with the redundant column block.
US08947955B2	Semiconductor memory, memory system, and operation method thereof A memory system includes a semiconductor memory including a storage unit configured to store parameter information in response to a test mode signal and to output the stored parameter information in response to a parameter request signal, and a memory controller configured to provide the parameter request signal to the semiconductor memory and receive the parameter information from the semiconductor memory device.
US08947950B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor memory device includes a bit line connected to a memory cell; an input/output line configured to input a data signal to the memory cell during a writing operation and to output a data signal stored in the memory cell during a reading operation; and a column select transistor including a first source/drain connected to the bit line and a second source/drain connected to the input/output line, wherein a resistance of the first source/drain is smaller than a resistance of the second source/drain.
US08947940B2	Structure and method for healing tunnel dielectric of non-volatile memory cells A semiconductor device comprises an array of memory cells. Each of the memory cells includes a tunnel dielectric, a well region including a first current electrode and a second current electrode, and a control gate. The first and second current electrodes are adjacent one side of the tunnel dielectric and the control gate is adjacent another side of the tunnel dielectric. A controller is coupled to the memory cells. The controller includes logic to determine when to perform a healing process in the tunnel dielectric of the memory cells, and to apply a first voltage to the first current electrode of the memory cells during the healing process to remove trapped electrons and holes from the tunnel dielectric.
US08947927B2	Gated diode memory cells A gated diode memory cell is provided, including one or more transistors, such as field effect transistors (“FETs”), and a gated diode in signal communication with the FETs such that the gate of the gated diode is in signal communication with the source of a first FET, wherein the gate of the gated diode forms one terminal of the storage cell and the source of the gated diode forms another terminal of the storage cell, the drain of the first FET being in signal communication with a bitline (“BL”) and the gate of the first FET being in signal communication with a write wordline (“WLw”), and the source of the gated diode being in signal communication with a read wordline (“WLr”).
US08947918B2	Semiconductor memory device According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, a buffer configured to hold data input to an input/output circuit and to hold data read from the memory cell array, and a controller configured to receive a first command and an address from the outside and to read data, in response to the first command, from a memory cell group coupled to a selected word line designated by the address to the buffer. The controller receives a second command which is input after the first command and indicates a last command of a group of commands including write commands and/or read commands, and starts a write operation from the buffer to the memory cell array in response to the second command.
US08947911B1	Method and circuit for optimizing bit line power consumption A bit line power implementing circuit is provided, the bit line power implementing circuit has a bit line discharge oscillator to convert the supply voltage to a pulse; a decoder coupled to the bit line discharge oscillator to decode the pulse, and providing a first pulse with a first frequency and a second pulse with a second frequency; a first and a second counters, coupled to the decoder, and receiving the first and the second pulses respectively, and outputting a signal proportional to an average and a minimum read currents respectively; a divider outputting a read current ratio of the average read current to the minimum read current; and a multiplier for multiplying the supply voltage the read current ratio to output a bit line power consumption corresponding to the supply voltage.
US08947909B1	System and method for creating a bipolar resistive RAM (RRAM) A resistive memory having a plurality of resistive elements, each having a resistance that changes with respect to a state of the resistive memory element. The resistive memory includes a substrate, a first memory access device formed on the substrate, a first contact formed on the first memory access device, and a first resistive memory element formed on the first contact. The first resistive memory element has a first polarity. The first memory access device provides read and write access to the state of the first resistive memory element. A second memory access device is formed on the substrate, a second contact formed on the second memory access device, and a second resistive memory element formed on the second contact. The second resistive memory element has a second polarity. The second memory access device provides read and write access to the state of the second resistive memory element.
US08947901B2	Content addressable memory chip A content addressable memory chip which can perform a high speed search with less error is provided. A match amplifier zone determines coincidence or non-coincidence of search data with data stored in the content addressable memory cells in an entry of a CAM cell array, according to the voltage of a match line. The match amplifier zone comprises one or more NMOS transistors and one or more PMOS transistors. The match amplifier zone has a dead zone to an input of a voltage of the match line, and has a property that no flow-through current is present in the match amplifier zone.
US08947900B2	Stable SRAM cell SRAM cells and SRAM cell arrays are described. In one embodiment, an SRAM cell includes a first inverter and a second inverter cross-coupled with the first inverter to form a first data storage node and a complimentary second data storage node for latching a value. The SRAM cell further includes a first pass-gate transistor and a switch transistor. A first source/drain of the first pass-gate transistor is coupled to the first data storage node, and a second source/drain of the first pass-gate transistor is coupled to a first bit line. The first source/drain of the switch transistor is coupled to the gate of the first pass-gate transistor.
US08947897B2	Current-source power converting apparatus A current-source power converting apparatus in an embodiment includes a current-reference generating unit, a polarity determining unit, a PWM-pulse-signal generating unit, and a drive-signal generating unit. The current-reference generating unit outputs a phase current reference and a line-to-line current reference. The polarity determining unit determines a polarity of the phase current reference. The PWM-pulse-signal generating unit generates a PWM pulse signal by comparing the line-to-line current reference and a carrier signal. The drive-signal generating unit generates a drive signal that drives each of a plurality of switching elements, based on the PWM pulse signal and a polarity of the phase current reference.
US08947896B2	Proportional bias switch driver circuit A switch bias system is provided that includes a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) switch comprising a base, emitter, and collector; a current sense circuit coupled to the emitter, the current sense circuit configured to sense current flow through the emitter of the BJT switch; and a proportional bias circuit configured to generate a bias current to the base of the BJT switch, the bias current set to a fixed proportion of the sensed current flow through the emitter of the BJT switch.
US08947894B2	Switched mode power supply including a flyback converter with primary side control A method and apparatus for controlling a flyback converter are presented. The flyback converter includes a transformer, a semiconductor switch coupled to a primary winding of the transformer, a current measurement circuit coupled to the semiconductor switch, a diode coupled in series to a secondary winding of the transformer, and a controller. The controller is configured to receive a feedback voltage, a reference signal, and the measured primary current and generate a control signal for the semiconductor switch dependent on the feedback voltage, the reference signal, and the measured primary current. The semiconductor switch switches on and off cyclically in CCM operation.
US08947892B1	Electronic device protection Apparatus, systems and methods for electronic device protection are provided. A particular apparatus includes a non-conductive substrate and a plurality of cells including conductive members coupled to the non-conductive substrate. The conductive members are arranged to form a first discontinuous mesh. Regions between the conductive members of the first discontinuous mesh include a phase change material. The phase change material undergoes a phase transition from substantially non-conductive to substantially conductive responsive to a change of energy.
US08947890B2	Fixing component for detachably coupling an electronic component to an electronic apparatus A fixing component fixes a detachable component to a housing of an electronic apparatus. The fixing component includes a first operating portion, a first engaging portion and a second operating portion. The first operating portion is configured to receive a movement operation in a first direction and to permit movement in a second direction intersecting the first direction. The first engaging portion is connected to the first operating portion and is configured to release engagement with the detachable component when the first operating portion is moved in the second direction. The second operating portion is connected to the first engaging portion and is configured to receive a movement operation in the second direction.
US08947877B2	Expanding device for portable electronic apparatus An expanding device for a portable electronic apparatus is disclosed. The expanding device includes a main body for placing the portable electronic apparatus and a sliding assembly disposed in the main body. The sliding assembly includes a slide track element disposed in the main body, a sliding element, and a cover. The sliding element is slidably coupled to the slide track element and slides between a receiving position and an extending position relative to the main body. The cover is pivotally connected to the sliding element and includes a fixing portion. When the sliding element is moved towards outside of the main body to the extending position, the cover can be rotated relative to the sliding element, and the portable electronic apparatus can be fixed on the main body via the fixing portion of the cover.
US08947872B2	Holding frame for hard disk drive A holding frame includes a base plate, a first resisting wall, a second resisting wall, two first elastic arms and two second elastic arms. The base plate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first resisting wall extends from the first surface, and the second resisting wall extends from the second surface. The two first elastic arms are formed on the first surface, and face the first resisting wall. The two first elastic arms and the first resisting wall define a first receiving space configured for receiving a first hard disk drive. The two second elastic arms are formed on the second surface, and face the second resisting wall. The two second elastic arms and the second resisting wall define a second receiving space configured for receiving a second hard disk drive.
US08947868B2	Protective cover and information processor A protective cover includes an input operating unit and a cover unit. Through the input operating unit, an input operation to an electronic apparatus is performed. In the cover unit, the input operating unit is disposed. In the protective cover, the cover unit includes a folding section and two plate sections connected to the folding section. A connection terminal section is provided to which the electronic apparatus is connected. A wiring section which interconnects the input operating unit and the connection terminal section and which is bent attendantly on folding at the folding section is disposed inside the cover unit. Folding at the folding section into a predetermined shape enables setting of a cover mode in which the electronic apparatus is covered.
US08947863B2	Electronic device According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes a first main unit having a surface thereof provided with a display panel, a second main unit having a surface thereof provided with another display panel, a hinge mechanism coupling the first and second main units, and two operation buttons arranged symmetrical with respect to a center line passing through the respective centers of the first and second main units.
US08947859B2	Modular power distributor A power distributor for use in vehicles is provided. The power distributor includes a base module having a central power feed and at least two universal modules, thereby forming a modular structure of the power distributor. The universal modules have defined geometries and are mechanically and electrically removably connectable to corresponding locations on the base module. Each universal module includes at least one electrical component. The base module includes a printed circuit board having at least one of current conducting paths and at least one bus bar. The base module comprises contact connectors for connection to loads of the vehicle. An electrical component is also provided as a semi-finished product for further processing in vehicles. The electrical component includes a bus bar and a lamellar contact attached thereto.
US08947851B2	Laminated ceramic capacitor The laminated ceramic capacitor has a laminate block made of alternately laminated ceramic dielectric layers and internal electrodes, a pair of cover layers, laminated on top and bottom of the laminate block, ceramic bodies formed on both side faces of the laminate block, and a pair of external electrodes that are electrically connected to the internal electrodes, wherein the average grain size of the ceramic dielectric grains constituting the ceramic body is smaller than the average grain size of the ceramic dielectric grains constituting the ceramic dielectric layer in the laminate block.
US08947849B2	Multilayer ceramic electronic component and manufacturing method thereof There is provided a multilayer ceramic electronic component. The multilayer ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic main body including a dielectric layer, and first and second internal electrodes disposed to face each other within the ceramic main body and having the dielectric layer interposed therebetween. When an average roughness of center lines of the first and second internal electrodes is Ra, a maximum distance from a virtual line corresponding to Ra to a bottom of a pit (d) formed below the virtual line is 0.1 μm to 13 μm. The surface roughness of the internal electrode printed surface is improved to decrease the occurrence of electrical shorts.
US08947836B2	Test device for buck circuit A test device includes a transformer, a loop analyzer, and a protection circuit. The protection circuit includes a control unit, a signal acquisition and amplification unit, and an electronic switch. When the loop analyzer outputs a signal, the signal acquisition and amplification unit acquires the signal output from the loop analyzer, amplifies the acquired signal, and outputs the amplified signal to the control unit. The control unit transforms the received signal from analog form to digital form, and compares the digital signal with a reference value. If the digital signal is greater than the reference value, the control unit outputs a control signal to the electronic switch, to turn off the electronic switch. The signal output from the loop analyzer cannot be transmitted to a buck circuit.
US08947833B2	Disk drive suspension with interface intersection corner formed between insulating resin layer and adhesive block A slider and a microactuator element are disposed on a gimbal portion of a flexure. The gimbal portion comprises a metal base, an electrically insulating resin layer, a conductor disposed on the resin layer, an electrically insulating adhesive block, and an electrically conductive paste. The adhesive block secures an end portion of the microactuator element to the metal base. The conductive paste is provided between the conductor and an electrode of the microactuator element. A first adhesive interface extending along the thickness of the resin layer, a second adhesive interface extending along a surface of the resin layer, and a corner portion are formed between the metal base and the conductive paste.
US08947815B2	Disk storage apparatus and data storage method According to one embodiment, a disk storage apparatus includes a disk, a detector, and a controller. The disk includes a first recording area for recording with a first track density, and a second recording area for recording with a second track density lower than the first track density. The detector is configured to detect a variation of an outside environment. The controller is configured to select a nonvolatile memory or the second recording area as a storage destination of write data transferred from a host, based on a content of the variation of the outside environment detected by the detector, and a state of capability or incapability of storage of the nonvolatile memory.
US08947811B1	Disk drive using preamble and postamble to adjust asynchronous signal samples of payload A disk drive is disclosed comprising a head actuated over a disk, wherein data is written to the disk comprising a first periodic pattern, a payload, and a second periodic pattern. The data is first read from the disk to generate a first read signal, and the first read signal is sampled asynchronously to generate first asynchronous signal samples. The first asynchronous signal samples representing the first periodic pattern are processed to measure a first phase, and the first asynchronous signal samples representing the second periodic pattern are processed to measure a second phase. A first phase error is generated based on a difference between the first phase and the second phase. The first asynchronous signal samples representing the payload are adjusted in response to the first phase error to generate first adjusted asynchronous signal samples.
US08947808B1	Preamp circuit including a loopback mode for data storage devices A read channel of a storage device. The read channel includes a data generator configured to generate a test symbol. An encoding circuit in a write path of the read channel is configured to encode the test symbol as a write signal and provide the write signal to a preamplifier circuit to be amplified by the preamplifier circuit. A decoding circuit in a read path of the read channel is configured to receive the write signal as amplified by the preamplifier circuit and decode the write signal as amplified by the preamplifier circuit to determine a received symbol corresponding to the encoded test symbol. A comparator is configured to compare the received symbol to the test symbol and output, based on the comparison of the received symbol and the test symbol, an indication of whether the preamplifier circuit is operational.
US08947807B2	Independently driven write coils A writer assembly having two separately driven write coils allows a combined write field generated by the writer assembly to be fine turned and optimized for a particular application. Two preamplifiers may be incorporated into a printed circuit board in order to separately drive the write coils. In other implementations, there may be more than two write coils and corresponding preamplifiers.
US08947806B1	Cross-talk compensation in array based reader systems A method of enhancing read performance in array-reader hardware includes generating, by the array-reader hardware, a plurality of signals, according to data read from a magnetic disk, and canceling at least a portion of cross-talk in the plurality of signals to generate a plurality of corrected signals.
US08947799B2	Light directing film Light directing film is disclosed. The light directing film includes a first structured major surface and an opposing second major surface. The first structured major surface includes a plurality of unitary discrete structures. Each unitary discrete structure includes a light directing portion that is primarily for directing light and includes a plurality of first side facets. Each first side facet makes an angle with the plane of the light directing film in a range from about 35 degrees to about 55 degrees. Each light directing portion also includes a first base that is defined by the plurality of first side facets and has a first minimum dimension. Each light directing portion also has a first maximum height. Each unitary discrete structure also includes a bonding portion that is primarily for bonding the light directing film to a surface. The bonding portion is disposed on and between the plurality of first side facets and includes a plurality of second side facets. Each second side facet makes an angle with the plane of the light directing film greater than about 70 degrees. The bonding portion also includes a second base that is defined by the plurality of second side facets and has a second minimum dimension less than about 10% of the first minimum dimension. The bonding portion also has a second maximum height. The ratio of the second maximum height to the second minimum dimension is at least about 1.5.
US08947797B2	Miniature MEMS actuator assemblies In one embodiment, an electrostatic actuator includes a generally planar fixed frame, a generally planar moving frame coupled to the fixed frame by a flexure for substantially coplanar, perpendicular movement relative to the fixed frame, a plurality of interdigitated teeth, a fixed portion of which is attached to the fixed frame and a moving portion of which is attached to the moving frame, and an elongated output shaft having opposite input and output ends, the input end being coupled to the moving frame.
US08947793B2	Inner focus lens system and image pickup apparatus using the same An inner focus lens system comprises, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit, an aperture stop, a second lens unit having a positive refractive power, a third lens unit having a negative refractive power, and a fourth lens unit having a positive refractive power. The first lens unit has at least one negative lens and at least one positive lens, the second lens unit has at least one negative lens and at least one positive lens, the third lens unit has at least one negative lens, and the fourth lens unit has at least one positive lens. When focusing on an object at a short distance from an object at infinity, the third lens unit moves to lengthen a distance to the second lens unit and to shorten a distance to the fourth lens unit.
US08947791B2	Large aperture zoom optical system and image pickup apparatus A large aperture zoom optical system and an image pickup apparatus have a five-lens-group arrangement of positive-negative-positive-negative-positive refractive powers. At the time of zooming, the fifth lens group is fixed, and at least the second lens group, the third lens group and the fourth lens group are moved. The third lens group for use in focusing is composed of a single lens element.
US08947787B2	Lens barrel A lens barrel of the present invention comprises: first and second guide shafts arranged parallel to an optical axis X and provided in one of adjacent lens holding frames; first and second guide receiving holes formed in another of the adjacent lens holding frames for allowing the first and second guide shafts to be inserted therethrough and guided by the first and second guide shafts respectively; a first urging means of urging the one and the another of the adjacent lens holding frames along the direction of the optical axis; and a second urging means to rotate another of the adjacent lens holding frames in a circumferential direction of the first guide shaft. The first guide receiving hole is guided by the first guide shaft at two positions that are spaced apart from each other in the direction of the optical axis.
US08947782B2	Wavelength variable interference filter, optical module, and light analyzer A wavelength variable interference filter includes: a first movable mirror disposed on a first substrate; a second movable mirror disposed so as to be opposed to the first movable mirror with a predetermined gap interposed therebetween; and an electrostatic actuator which varies the length of the gap between the mirrors. The first substrate has a first movable portion on which the first movable mirror is disposed, and a first linkage portion which holds the first movable portion in such a manner that the first movable portion can shift in the thickness direction of the substrate. The second substrate has a second movable portion on which the second movable mirror is disposed, and a second linkage portion which holds the second movable portion in such a manner that the second movable portion can shift in the thickness direction of the substrate.
US08947775B2	Catadioptric optical system with total internal reflection for high numerical aperture imaging A catadioptric optical system includes, in order from an object side to an image side and arranged along an optical axis, a first catadioptric unit, a second catadioptric unit disposed in axial alignment with the first catadioptric unit and with a space therebetween; and a lens group disposed in axial alignment with the first and second catadioptric optical units. Light rays arriving from an object plane undergo a first reflection at the image-side surface of the first catadioptric optical unit, a second reflection at the object-side surface of the first catadioptric optical unit, a third reflection at the image-side surface of the second catadioptric optical unit, and a fourth reflection at the object-side surface of the second catadioptric optical unit. Advantageously, the sum the outward Petzval curvatures is cancelled out by the sum of inward Petzval curvatures.
US08947764B1	High-speed photonic modulator designs An optical device includes a microdisk optical resonator element. The microdisk resonator element is formed on a substrate and has upper and lower portions respectively distal and proximal the substrate. An arcuate semiconductor contact region partially surrounds the microdisk resonator element. A first modulator electrode is centrally formed on the upper portion of the microdisk resonator element, and a second modulator electrode is formed on the arcuate contact region. A laminar semiconductor region smaller in thickness than the microdisk resonator element separates the arcuate contact region from the microdisk resonator element and is formed on the substrate so as to electrically connect the arcuate contact region to the lower portion of the microdisk resonator element.
US08947757B2	Electrochromic glazing with series connected cells, and production method therefor An electrochromic glazing containing: a substrate including a layer structure thereon, which contains a first and second electrode layer, between which a first and second electrochemically active layer are situated, which each reversibly incorporate ions, wherein the first active layer contains an electrochromic material and the two active layers are separated from each other by an electrolyte layer, the layer structure being subdivided into series-connected electrochromic cells by a transition zone comprising: a first trench; a second trench; and a third trench between the first and second trenches, wherein the first and second trenches subdivide the first and second electrode layers into first electrode sections electrically insulated from each other and second electrode sections electrically insulated from each other, respectively, and the third trench is filled with an electrically conductive material, by which the first and second electrode sections of the cells adjacent the transition zone are electrically connected.
US08947745B2	Apparatus and method for scanning and decoding information in an identified location in a document A imaging scanner identifies first and second locations in a first and second captured image of a document, analyzes each character in the identified locations, and produces a first and second string, each including a character and a confidence value. The device determines that a first measurement of the confidence values in each of the first and second string is beyond a range of a first threshold. The device compares the confidence value for each character in the first string with a corresponding confidence value in the second string, selects a character from one of the first or second string with a higher confidence value; and produces a combined string including the selected characters and the confidence value associated with each selected character.
US08947740B1	Method and apparatus for adjusting light intensity based on content to achieve a uniform exposure A method, non-transitory computer readable medium, and apparatus for adjusting a light intensity of a printhead are disclosed. For example, the method receives an image comprising a plurality of pixels, calculates a correction factor for each one of a plurality of pixels of the image by applying a filter to each one of the plurality of pixels of the image and summing a contribution of the light intensity of each one of a plurality of surrounding pixels to a pixel being analyzed to calculate an overlap value and comparing the overlap value to a development threshold range and adjusts the light intensity of a light source of the printhead in accordance with the correction factor of each one of the plurality of pixels of the image that require toner.
US08947737B2	Image processing that generates and density corrects ink amount data An image processing device adjusts black separately from chromatic colors and applies density adjustment capable of controlling the amount of color material according to the density. Such image processing device, capable of communicating with an image recording device, includes a color conversion unit that converts image data expressed in a first color space to color material amount data expressed in a second color space used by an image recording device; a density adjustment unit that increases or decreases the color material amount data based on a specified adjustment value; a dot breakdown unit that converts the increased or decreased color material amount data to dot quantity data expressed as a dot quantity for each of different sizes of dots formed by the image recording device; and a halftone process unit that converts the dot quantity data to data denoting whether or not the dots are formed.
US08947736B2	Method for binarizing scanned document images containing gray or light colored text printed with halftone pattern A method for binarizing a scanned document images containing gray or light colored text printed with halftone patterns. The document image is initially binarized and connected image components are extracted from the initial binary image as text characters. Each text character is classified as either a halftone text character or a non-halftone text character based on an analysis of its topology features. The topology features may be the Euler number of the text character; a text character with a Euler number below −2 is classified as halftone text. The gray-scale document image is then divided into halftone text regions containing only halftone text characters and non-halftone text regions. Each region is binarized using its own pixel value statistics. This eliminates the influence of black text on the threshold values for binarizing halftone text. The binary maps of the regions are combined to generate the final binary map.
US08947733B2	Color conversion apparatus, color conversion method, and recording medium Device color signals are converted such that a total amount of used color materials in the first image area, in which image granularity is more important, is not reduced from a total amount before the device color signals are converted, and/or such that a total amount of used color materials in the second image area, in which cost of the used color materials is more important, is not increased from a total amount before the device color signals are converted.
US08947729B2	Color processing apparatus, color processing method and storage medium There is provided a color processing apparatus comprising: a calculation unit configured to calculate, for each of a plurality of light sources, a first colorimetric value that is obtained by measuring a color having a spectral reflectance indicated by spectral reflectance information under the light source; a mapping unit configured to obtain, for each of the plurality of light sources, a second colorimetric value by mapping the first colorimetric value of the light source within a gamut under the light source; a color separation unit configured to obtain the output information from a plurality of the second colorimetric values, by adjusting the output information such that an error between a colorimetric value obtained by measuring a color output by the image output apparatus according to the output information under each of the light sources and the second colorimetric value for the light source is minimized.
US08947718B2	Data processing apparatus A data processing apparatus includes a display portion, a control portion including a display control portion for causing the display portion to display a preview image of output target data, a touch sensor for receiving, on the display portion, a user operation for performing output setting for the output target data concerning the preview image, an output portion for outputting the output target data based on the output setting, and a control portion for, in a state where the display control portion arranges objects in page unit sequentially to be displayed as the preview image, when the touch sensor receives a predetermined pinch operation for the objects, performing page setting concerning the objects to be operated.
US08947716B2	Information storage device and image forming cartridge for image forming apparatus The present invention provides an information storage device and an image forming cartridge for an image forming apparatus. The information storage device comprises at least two communication interfaces, at least two storage units, a detection unit, a first control unit and a second control unit, wherein the communication interfaces are configured to connect with a controller in the image forming apparatus and establish an information communication path between the first control unit and the controller in the case of being connected with the controller; the storage units and the communication interfaces are arranged corresponding to each other; the detection unit is connected with each foregoing communication interface; the first control unit and the second control unit are respectively connected with each foregoing storage unit and the detection unit. By adoption of the information storage device, the quality of executing the task of the image forming apparatus can be improved.
US08947709B2	Printing apparatus which is capable of editing printing data, and a printing method for use with the printing apparatus A printing apparatus, including a user input unit which receives a first user command to initiate a printing operation, a display unit which displays information relating to the printing operation, a printing unit which performs printing with respect to printing data, and a controller which controls the display unit to display reference information of the printing data before the printing, and which controls the printing unit to perform the printing according to a second user command.
US08947707B1	Method and apparatus for printing raster page Aspects of the disclosure provide a method. The method includes allocating, by a host computer, a bandwidth of a communication port to a printer that shares the communication port of the host computer with other peripheral devices, generating, by the host computer, a raster page having a file size smaller than a maximum file size, and transferring, by the host computer, the raster page to the printer at the bandwidth to satisfy a print rate of the printer.
US08947706B2	Information processing system and method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for using identification information, for first authentication to an information system, with a print service system that performs second authentication An information processing system includes a setting unit and an identification information extracting unit. The setting unit obtains first identification information that is identification information of a user in an information system that performs first authentication, the identification information being input by the user for user authentication to an image forming apparatus connected to the information system, sends setting information including the first identification information to a print service system that performs second authentication, thereby establishing a logical printer in which the setting information is set in the service system, and sets, as identification information of a person who uses the logical printer, second identification information that is identification information of the user in the service system. The extracting unit receives, from the service system, print data to be printed by the image forming apparatus, and extracts and outputs the first identification information set in the received print data.
US08947705B2	Non-transitory recording medium and print processing method This disclosure discloses a non-transitory recording medium storing a print processing program for executing steps comprising: an instruction determining step for determining whether or not there is an input of a printing instruction; an identification information determining step for determining whether or not there is a plurality of sets of the identification information registered; a first printer determining step for attempting to perform information transmission and reception with one first printer for which a printing operation history log that satisfies a predetermined condition, and determining whether or not information transmission and reception are possible with the first printer; and a first print data transmitting step for transmitting desired print data associated with the input of the printing instruction to the first printer in a case where the determination is made in the first printer determining step that information transmission and reception are possible with the first printer.
US08947698B2	Moving a portion of a print job from one printer queue to another printer queue One or more methods, systems and computer program products enables selectable management and queuing of print jobs across multiple available printers available to a device generating the print job. One or more embodiments present a smart print queue with document level view and printer-level transfer of queued print jobs.
US08947694B2	Peripheral device control system, printing device, peripheral device control method, and program An application in an image processing apparatus presents information about ink installed in a peripheral device, such as the shape, color, size, arrangement direction, and a remaining ink level of an ink tank, in a visually realistic manner using accurate graphics. The image processing apparatus acquires ink information about, in particular, a remaining ink level, arrangement direction, and the order of the arrangement of the ink tank, and displays the information about the peripheral device in a user interface of the application using the acquired ink information.
US08947690B2	Image reading apparatus and image forming apparatus An image reading apparatus includes a carriage, a carriage detector, and a control unit. The carriage detector outputs a detection signal of the carriage when the carriage is at the home position, and outputs a non-detection signal of the carriage when the carriage is located closer to a document size reading position than a predetermined position between the home position and the document size reading position. The control unit moves the carriage to the home position when the image reading apparatus enters a sleep mode, keeps the carriage detained while performing initialization after the sleep mode is cancelled, and moves the carriage, upon receipt of a scanning instruction after the initialization is completed, toward the document size reading position in the case where the carriage detector outputs the detection signal of the carriage.
US08947684B2	Printing apparatus and processing method therefor A printing apparatus includes a first processor which is connected to a first memory and converts print data into an image data format based on a page description language, a second processor which is connected to a second memory and performs image processing for print data of the image data format to generate data of a format interpretable by a printing unit, and a communication control unit which externally receives print data and transfers the received print data to either the first memory or second memory based on a descriptor. The second processor determines the format of received print data. When the print data has the page description language format, the first memory is set as the transfer destination in the descriptor. When the print data has the image data format, the second memory is set as the transfer destination in the descriptor.
US08947682B2	Image forming apparatus and control method thereof An image forming apparatus which includes a plurality of operating modes, the apparatus including a main body, a scanning unit to move along the main body and obtains an image data from an object to be scanned, an operation state display unit to display a position of the scanning unit, and a controller to set a display mode corresponding to an operating state that includes at least one operating mode of the plurality of operating modes and controls the operation state display unit to display the display mode set corresponding to the operating state.
US08947679B2	Portable handheld device with multi-core microcoded image processor A portable handheld device including a CPU for processing a script; a multi-core processor for processing an image; an input buffer for receiving data for processing by the multi-core processor, the input buffer being provided under the control of the multi-core processor to send data thereto; and an output buffer for receiving data processed by the multi-core processor, the output buffer being provided under the control of the multi-core processor to receive data therefrom. The multi-core processor comprises a plurality of micro-coded processing units. The CPU is configured with authority to clear and query the input and output buffers.
US08947672B2	Systems and methods for artifact suppression by frequency shifting or cavity length adjustment Swept source designs that eliminate or significantly reduce artifacts in optical coherence tomography are presented. One embodiment of the present invention is a source design that frequency shifts the coherence revival interference signal to a frequency larger than the A/D detection bandwidth or the post-processing bandwidth. In another embodiment, the introduced frequency shift is large enough to introduce a Doppler shift of the modes of the laser, which causes a blurring of the comb function, and thus eliminates or reduces mode hopping. In another embodiment, adjusting the cavity optical path length prior to data acquisition depending on the given optical layout configuration to reduce or eliminate coherence revival artifacts is described.
US08947668B2	Method for determining the path length of a sample and validating the measurement obtained A for traceably determining an unknown optical path length of a sample in an optical measuring device comprises the steps of: providing a drop analyzer connected to a standard spectrophotometer; providing a certified reference material contained in first and second closed high accuracy cuvettes; measuring absorbance of the certified reference material to obtain a first absorbance measurement for the first specified path length; measuring absorbance of the certified reference material for a second path length to obtain a second absorbance measurement; using a dropping device to drop a specified volume of the solvent on an optical surface so that the path length of the specified volume can be determined by reference to the first and second absorbance measurement; and using the dropping device to drop the same volume of sample as the specified volume of solvent on the optical measuring device.
US08947667B2	Spectrophotometer The spectrophotometer of the present invention measures a spectral reflectance of an object to be measured to thereby determine a color value of the object to be measured based on a color-matching function of an XYZ color system and the spectral reflectance. The spectrophotometer includes an irradiation unit configured to irradiate the object to be measured with light having a spectral intensity distribution in which a relative intensity at a wavelength at which the value of z reaches its peak in the color-matching function is equal to or greater than 0.5.
US08947665B2	Measurement method, measurement apparatus, exposure method, and exposure apparatus To perform high-speed and highly accurate measurement by setting desired measuring conditions for each measuring object. In an alignment sensor of exposure apparatus, in the case of performing position measurement for a plurality of sample shots, measurement is performed by changing the measuring conditions, in response to a measuring axis direction, a mark or a layer whereupon a mark to be measured exists. At that time, for the measuring objects to be measured under the same measuring conditions, for example, a position in a Y axis direction and a position in an X axis direction, measurement is continuously performed. When the measuring condition is changed, a baseline value is remeasured. The changeable measuring conditions are wavelength of measuring light, use and selection of a retarder, NA and σ of an optical system, a light quantity of measuring light, illumination shape, signal processing algorithm, etc.
US08947664B2	Apparatus and method for aligning a wafer's backside to a wafer's frontside Structures of a backside of a wafer can be aligned to structures of a frontside of the wafer for a lithographic treatment of the backside. The wafer is transparent for electromagnetic radiation of a specific wavelength. The wafer is placed on a wafer stage such that the frontside is facing the wafer stage and the backside is facing alignment optics. The backside is illuminated with electromagnetic radiation of the specific wavelength in a dark-field configuration, such that the electromagnetic radiation propagates through the wafer towards three-dimensional structures of a three-dimensional alignment target located at the frontside or inside the wafer and is scattered at the three-dimensional structures. The scattered electromagnetic radiation is captured with the alignment optics, and the backside is aligned to the frontside of the wafer based on the scattered electromagnetic radiation.
US08947663B2	Dual-modulation faraday rotation spectroscopy A dual-modulation Faraday rotation spectroscopic (FRS) system is disclosed. The FRS system uses an FRS sample cell configured to subject a sample to a low frequency modulated magnetic field. The system includes a polarized laser light source configured to generate a high frequency wavelength-modulated light beam incident on the sample, the high frequency wavelength-modulated light beam being modulated at a higher frequency than the low frequency modulated magnetic field. A polarizer is configured to receive from the sample a transmitted light beam having a modulated polarization having a polarization rotation and translate the modulated polarization of the transmitted light beam into an intensity modulated beam. A photodetector is configured to detect the intensity modulated beam and generate a photodetector signal. A dual demodulator is coupled to the photodetector and is configured to demodulate the photodetector signal.
US08947659B1	Time correlated single photon counting by time to digital conversion A time correlated single photon counting system having a time to digital converter triggered by a laser fire event detector and the reception of a single photon. The system may be used for chemical agent detection based on Rayleigh scattering using optical time domain reflectometry techniques. The system may also be used for Raman detection using frequency to time transformations.
US08947653B1	Bottle coating detection system and method A method for detecting a coating on a bottle includes directing light at a first point of incidence on the bottle and detecting a first intensity of reflected light from the first point of incidence on the bottle. Further, light is directed at a second point of incidence on the bottle and a second intensity of reflected light from the second point of incidence on the bottle is detected. The first intensity is compared to the second intensity to determine whether the coating on the bottle has been uniformly deposited.
US08947652B2	Photoelectric sensor The disclosure provides a photoelectric sensor that provides useful information to set measurement conditions. The photoelectric sensor includes a light emitting unit having a light emitting element configured to emit detection light toward a detection area, a light receiving unit having a light receiving element configured to receive the detection light from the detection area and to obtain a detection value corresponding to the amount of light received, and a display unit configured to display information about the detection value in the light receiving unit. When the detection value varies across a predetermined threshold, the display unit displays a transit time that is the time from when the detection value crosses the predetermined threshold until when it crosses the predetermined threshold again, and a variation amount of the detection value in the variation.
US08947636B2	Lithographic apparatus, device manufacturing method, and substrate exchanging method A lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system configured to condition a radiation beam; a support constructed to support a patterning device, the patterning device being capable of imparting the radiation beam with a pattern in its cross-section to form a patterned radiation beam; at least three substrate tables that are each constructed to hold a substrate; and a projection system configured to project the patterned radiation beam onto a target portion of the substrate, wherein the substrate tables are moveable in a common moving area extending substantially in a plane perpendicular to the patterned radiation beam, the moving area comprising at least three working locations of which at least one working location is arranged for exposure of the substrate to the patterned radiation beam and at least one working location is arranged for non-exposure purposes.
US08947635B2	Illumination optical system, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method According to one embodiment, an illumination optical system is provided with an optical integrator which forms a predetermined light intensity distribution on an illumination pupil plane in an illumination optical path of the illumination optical system with incidence of exposure light from a light source device thereinto; a transmission filter arranged on the reticle side with respect to the optical integrator and in a first adjustment region set including the illumination pupil plane in an optical-axis direction of the illumination optical system, and having a transmittance characteristic varying according to positions of the exposure light incident thereinto; and a movement mechanism which moves the transmission filter along the optical-axis direction in the first adjustment region.
US08947634B2	Apparatus for supporting an optical element, and method of making same An apparatus for supporting an optical element is provided. The apparatus includes a lens cell (1003) and a plurality of fingers (1000) coupled to the lens cell. Each finger includes a base (1012) configured to be coupled to the optical element when mounted therein, first (1006a) and second (1006b) flexures coupled at first respective ends to and extending from the base (1012) at a divergence angle between about 75 and 165 degrees, and a mounting member (1008) configured to couple together second respective ends of the first and second flexures. The mounting member thereby couples the base (1012) to the lens cell (1003).
US08947632B2	Lithographic apparatus, device manufacturing method, and method of applying a pattern to a substrate A lithographic apparatus includes a patterning subsystem for transferring a pattern from a patterning device onto a substrate controlled in accordance with recorded measurements of level variations across a surface of the substrate. A level sensor is provided for projecting a level sensing beam of radiation to reflect from a location on the substrate surface and for detecting the reflected sensing beam to record the surface level at said location. The level sensor incorporates at least one moving optical element to scan the substrate surface by optical movement in at least one dimension to obtain measurements of surface level at different locations without mechanical movement between the level sensor and the substrate. Optical path length equalization measures may be employed, using shaped reflectors and/or additional moving mirrors, to avoid focus variation during the scan.
US08947616B2	Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device and liquid crystal display device The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, which includes (1) providing a backlight module, a liquid crystal display panel, and a front bezel, wherein the liquid crystal display panel includes a TFT substrate, a CF substrate attached to the TFT substrate, and liquid crystal interposed between the substrates, an interval zone being formed between an edge of the TFT substrate and an edge of the CF substrate, flip chip films being mounted at intervals to the interval zone; (2) attaching cushioning tapes to the interval zone of the TFT substrate at locations other than the flip chip films; (3) assembling the liquid crystal display panel to the backlight module; and (4) assembling the front bezel to the liquid crystal display panel in such a way that the front bezel is positioned on the cushioning tapes of the liquid crystal display panel.
US08947607B2	Active matrix substrate and display device A storage capacitor counter electrode (22) provided on an active matrix substrate (100) includes a first portion (22b) creating a storage capacitance with a storage capacitor bus line (12), a second portion (22a) interposed between the first portion (22b) and a drain electrode (24), and a third portion (22c) being provided opposite from the second portion (22a) with the first portion (22b) sandwiched therebetween and protruding from the first portion (22b). The third portion (22c) is disposed so as not to overlie any pixel electrode other than a pixel electrode (30) that is electrically connected to the drain electrode (24).
US08947602B2	Television receiver and electronic device According to one embodiment, television receiver includes: first component; second component; pressing member. The pressing member includes: two second fixing portions; pressing portion; first and second arms; first and second reinforcements. Pressing portion presses the first component. First and second arms extend between the pressing portion and the two second fixing portions, respectively. First reinforcement includes a first portion extended from one of the second fixing portions to a first middle point between the one of the second fixing portion and the pressing portion, and positioned away from one of the first fixing portions. Second reinforcement includes a second portion extended from other one of the second fixing portions to a second middle point between the other one of the second fixing portions and the pressing portion, and positioned away from other one of the fixing portions. Second fixing portions are positioned on one side of the first component.
US08947601B2	Image processing apparatus and method An image processing apparatus and image processing method are provided. The image processing apparatus includes a video processor which processes and displays an image; a receiver which receives a key signal of a color; and a controller which controls the video processor to display contents corresponding to the color when receiving the key signal of the color.
US08947595B1	Fingerprinting to match videos having varying aspect ratios A combined fingerprint is generated for a video that can match two near-identical videos that differ only in their aspect ratios or formats. A transformation strategy is selected by selecting a first and a second aspect correction method. A first transformed video is generated by applying the first aspect correction method to the video. A second transformed video is generated by applying the second aspect correction method to the video. A first fingerprint is generated using the first transformed video. A second fingerprint is generated using the second transformed video. The combined fingerprint is generated by combining the first half of the first fingerprint with the second half of the second fingerprint.
US08947585B2	Image capturing apparatus, image processing method, and storage medium An image capturing apparatus includes: an imaging element; a main lens that condenses light from a subject toward the imaging element; a micro lens array that is configured by a plurality kinds of micro lenses with different focal lengths that is disposed between the imaging element and the main lens and causes light transmitted through the main lens to form an image on the imaging element; and a CPU that, in response to receiving a designation of a distance to a side of a subject that is photographed, performs weighting for each image that is imaged by the plurality kinds of micro lenses of the imaging element based on the distance so as to constitute one captured image.
US08947579B2	Imaging apparatus, imaging system, and imaging apparatus control method and program for setting a range of lens positions In an imaging apparatus, an imager generates an imaged picture by converting incident light from a subject that is incident via a focus lens. A setting unit sets, as a movement range for the focus lens, a range of focus lens positions corresponding to imaging magnifications where the rate of change in the imaging magnification lies within a fixed range from a basis, the basis being an imaging magnification corresponding to the position of the focus lens. A focus controller configured to conduct focus control with respect to the subject by moving the focus lens in the set movement range.
US08947572B2	Dual-sided image sensor An apparatus for a dual-sided image sensor is described. The dual-sided image sensor captures frontside image data incident upon a frontside of the dual-sided image sensor within an array of photosensitive regions integrated into a semiconductor layer of the dual-sided image sensor. Backside image data incident upon a backside of the dual-sided image sensor is also captured within the same array of photosensitive regions.
US08947563B2	Reducing crosstalk A method for reducing video crosstalk in a display-camera system includes capturing a first image of a local site while projecting an image of a remote site with a first intensity gain; capturing a second image of the local site while projecting the image with a second gain that is different from the first gain; capturing a first mixed image of the local site that includes the first image combined with the projected image having first gain and a second mixed image of the local site that includes the second image combined with the projected image having second gain; performing crosstalk reduction on the mixed images to create a reconstructed image of the local site, wherein performing crosstalk reduction of the mixed images includes determining whether a pixel value variation between the mixed images is affected by motion in the first and the second image of the local site.
US08947561B2	Capturing device, capturing system and capturing method A capturing device includes an image sensor that generates an image signal by performing photoelectric conversion for light from a subject, a control unit that generates a setting value for setting a range where an image resulting from the image signal is cut, based on a first instruction input from a user, a setting value storage unit that stores the setting value generated by the control unit, an image conversion unit that reads the setting value from the setting value storage unit, and cuts a specific region specified by the setting value from the image and enlarges the cut region, when there is a second instruction input from the user, and an output unit that converts a signal of the image cut and enlarged by the image conversion unit into an image signal of a predetermined format and outputs the converted image signal.
US08947555B2	White balance optimization with high dynamic range images Systems and methods to improve the white balance of a high dynamic range image are disclosed. In a particular embodiment, an imaging device includes a camera sensor and a processor, the processor configured to capture a lighter image and a darker image of a scene. The processor is then configured to white balance the lighter image based on the lighter regions of the image, and to white balance the darker image based on the darker regions of the image. The two images can then be combined to produce a final image.
US08947548B2	Camera body and interchangeable lens A camera body at which an interchangeable lens, holding a plurality of sets of optical characteristics data, each expressing specific optical characteristics in one of a plurality of representation formats, can be detachably mounted, includes: an identification information reception unit that receives lens-side identification information from the interchangeable lens, which indicates the plurality of representation formats; an identification information storage unit in which body-side identification information indicating each representation format that the camera body is capable of recognizing among the plurality of representation formats, is stored; a selection unit that selects a single representation format included in both the lens-side and the body-side identification information, among the plurality of representation formats; a request unit that issues a request to the interchangeable lens for the optical characteristics data corresponding to the selected representation format; and an optical characteristics reception unit that receives the requested optical characteristics data from the interchangeable lens.
US08947539B2	Apparatus for evaluating quality of video data based on hybrid type and method thereof The present invention provides an apparatus for evaluating video quality based on a hybrid type which, when bit stream data is received, extracts first evaluation parameters based on the received bit stream data to calculate a preliminary video quality score based on the first extracted evaluation parameters and then extracts second evaluation parameters, and calculates a final video quality score by adjusting the preliminary video quality score based on the second extracted evaluation parameters and methods thereof.
US08947534B2	System and method for providing depth imaging A device for use with an imaging system that is operable to provide an image signal based on an object disposed at a first distance from the imaging system. The imaging system includes a first camera, a second camera and a display. The first camera is operable to generate a first image signal based on the object and includes a first optics system and a first detector. The first optics system has a focal length, whereas the first detector has a resolution. The second camera is operable to generate a second image signal based on the object. The second camera includes a second optics system and a second detector. The second optics system has the same focal length of the first optics system and the second detector has the same resolution as the first detector. The second camera is separated from the first camera by a second distance. The display is operable to display an image based on a modified image. The device comprises an image processor that is operable to establish a virtual separation membrane and to output a modified image based on the first image signal, the second image signal, the virtual separation membrane, the second distance, the focal length and the resolution.
US08947528B2	Container-classification identification using directional-antenna RFID A classification of a container is identified using a mobile station including an image capture device and an RFID reader having a reader antenna. The container has two RFID tags affixed thereto at respective, different locations. Each tag has a directional antenna steered in a different direction, so that a reader location is defined in the intersection of the antenna propagation patterns. Using the image capture device, one or more images of the container are captured. A controller determines, using the captured image data, whether the mobile station is in a candidate reader location. When the mobile station is in the candidate reader location, the RFID reader attempts to read both tags. If both tags are read while the mobile station is in the candidate reader location, the controller determines the classification of the container is a classification corresponding to the candidate reader location.
US08947527B1	Zoom illumination system Zoom illumination system for use with closed circuit TV cameras in applications requiring long distance illumination, such as surveillance and night vision. The system includes multiple strings of LEDs, which may have additional lenses, with each LED string capable of providing illumination for a predetermined viewing angle. The LED strings can be switched on and off to provide illumination as desired.
US08947521B1	Method for reducing aliasing in TDI based imaging The invention may be embodied in a time delay integration (TDI) based sensor wafer inspection system that introduces controlled blur into the sampled image to suppress high spectral frequencies and thereby mitigate the occurrence of aliasing in the sampled image. Image blur may be introduced in the scan direction by desynchronizing the image motion (scan rate) from the charge transfer rate within the TDI sensor (sample clock rate). The scan rate may be desynchronized from the TDI sample clock rate by altering the speed of wafer movement, the sample clock rate, or the magnification of the imaging optics. Image blur may be introduced in the cross-scan direction by imparting a small alignment difference between the direction of image motion (image scan direction) and the direction that charges transfer within the TDI sensor (sensor direction).
US08947503B2	Method and system for processing 3-D video A video processing system may receive a first frame comprising pixel data for a first 3-D view of an image, which may be referred to as first 3-D view pixel data, and receive a second frame comprising pixel data for a second 3-D view of the image, which may be referred to as second 3-D view pixel data. The system may generate a multi-view frame comprising the first 3-D view pixel data and the second 3-D view pixel data. The system may make a decision for performing processing of the image, wherein the decision is generated based on one or both of the first 3-D view pixel data and/or the second 3-D view pixel data. The system may process the 3-D multi-view frame based on the decision. The image processing operation may comprise, for example, deinterlacing, filtering, and cadence processing such as 3:2 pulldown.
US08947499B2	Rate control for a communication Methods and systems for communicating with rate control. A communication is sent and received from a first device to a second device over a network, wherein the communication comprises at least one audio stream and a second communication stream. A capacity of the network is probed at the first device for the sending and receiving the communication. A presence of a voice in the at least one audio stream is detected at the first device via a voice activity detection of the at least one audio stream. A rate limit is set for the sending and receiving the communication at the first device based on the capacity of the network and the detection of the presence of the at least one audio stream.
US08947495B2	Telepresence apparatus for immersion of a human image in a physical environment A telepresence device allows a remote meeting participant to establish a telepresence at a remote meeting location. The telepresence device provides a video image of the remote meeting participant on a video display screen at a meeting location To enhance the visual sensation that the remote person is present at the meeting location, the telepresence device may display the silhouette image of the remote meeting participant without the image of the background scene of the remote participant's location (e.g., office, home or home office). Further, the telepresence device may be equipped with a rear-facing camera that captures a video image of the background scene behind the telepresence device at the meeting location. The silhouette image of the remote meeting participant may be superimposed on the video image of the background scene at the meeting location, which is captured by the rear-facing camera.
US08947494B2	Pointer information processing device, computer-readable recording medium and conference system A pointer information processing device includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor executes a process including acquiring a position of a conference participant in a first image captured toward the conference participant, detecting a light-emitting point of a laser pointer, detecting a radiated point of the laser pointer, identifying the conference participant that is using the laser pointer having the light-emitting point by comparing a position of the detected light-emitting point within the first image to the acquired position of the conference participant, associating the detected light-emitting point with the detected radiated point, and recording respective position information of the detected light-emitting point and the detected radiated point associated with each other at the associating and information about the conference participant identified at the identifying in the memory in an associated manner.
US08947492B2	Combining multiple bit rate and scalable video coding Video streams are generated using a combination of Multiple Bit Rate (MBR) encoding and Scalable Video Coding (SVC). Capabilities and requests of the clients are used in determining the video streams to generate as well as what video streams to deliver to the clients. The clients are placed into groups based on a resolution capability of the client. For each resolution grouping, MBR is used for generating spatial streams and SVC is used for generating temporal and quality streams.
US08947490B2	Method and apparatus for video processing for improved video compression Systems, apparatuses, and methods are provided for processing video. In one method, analog image information is acquired over an exposure period, and digital image information is generated from the analog image information at a frame period where the exposure period is greater than the frame period. In another method, stored characteristic information such as images of parties are compared to a received characteristic information. If there is a match, a communication link is established between the parties.
US08947480B2	Apparatus supplying a signal for generating a multitone image The printer (1) includes a control unit (20) including a function reproducing multiple tones by outputting energization data that is dot control data in multiple cycles in line units to a head unit (10) including a plurality of dot generating elements disposed in a line. The control unit (20) includes: a thermal head control circuit (60) supplying the energization data of each cycle and a latch signal for the energization data of each cycle to the head unit (10); and a mask circuit (70) operable when the energization data of the current cycle is the same as the energization data of the previous cycle, to erase the current energization data and the signal for latching to be supplied to the head unit (10).
US08947476B2	Liquid-crystal display and signal converting circuit A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a driving circuit that supplies display signals to a plurality of subpixels of the liquid crystal display panel. The plurality of subpixels are a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a yellow subpixel. When achromatic colors of at least some gray levels among all gray levels are to be displayed by the pixel, display signals which are supplied to a first subpixel group composed of certain two subpixels are display signals of the same grayscale level, whereas display signals which are supplied to a second subpixel group composed of the other two subpixels are display signals of a different grayscale level from the grayscale level of the display signals supplied to the first subpixel group. The first subpixel group includes the yellow subpixel, and the second subpixel group includes the blue subpixel.
US08947474B2	Liquid crystal display device An LCD device is discussed which includes: a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines arranged on a substrate; a data driver configured to apply data voltages the data lines; a gamma generator configured to apply a plurality of gamma voltages to the data driver, wherein the data line receives the data voltage which has an inverted polarity to those of data voltages on the adjacent data lines thereto, is inverted n times in polarity for every frame, and is over-driven for the gate lines opposite to time points of the polarity inversions.
US08947441B2	System and method for database driven action capture There is provided a system and method for database driven action capture. By utilizing low cost, lightweight MEMS devices such as accelerometers, a user friendly, wearable, and cost effective system for motion capture is provided, which relies on a motion database of previously recorded motions to reconstruct the actions of a user. By relying on the motion database, calculation errors such as integration drift are avoided and the need for complex and expensive positional compensation hardware is avoided. The accelerometers may be implemented in an E-textile embodiment using inexpensive off-the-shelf components. In some embodiments, compression techniques may be used to accelerate linear best match searching against the motion database. Adjacent selected motions may also be blended together for improved reconstruction results and visual rendering quality. Various perceivable effects may be triggered in response to the reconstructed motion, such as animating a 3D avatar, playing sounds, or operating a motor.
US08947435B2	Host apparatus connected to image forming apparatus and information displaying method thereof Disclosed are a host apparatus connected to an image forming apparatus and an information displaying method thereof. An information displaying method of a host apparatus which receives a data of at least one image forming apparatus including: receiving a data of the image forming apparatus; displaying a User Interface (UI) screen including a data area displaying the data by item and a graphic area displaying a graph of the data in the data area; adding a data of an item in the data area to the graphic area; determining whether the data of the item added is graphicalizable; and graphicalizing and displaying the data of the item added in the graphic area according to the determination result. With this, the host apparatus provides a user with convenience in facilitating graph reprocessing and data expansion as the user needs with regard to a web solution or an application to control information of the image forming apparatus.
US08947433B2	Spatiotemporal visualization of sensor data An apparatus for visualizing data includes memory for storing sensor data and a processor. The processor is configured to generate a map of a geographic area, and to display at a first location on the map at least one icon graphically representing a measurement of the sensor at the first location over a period of time and graphically representing the period of time.
US08947430B1	System and method for rendering a particle-based fluid surface A method for rendering a particle-based fluid surface includes generating a depth image of a plurality of particles which form a fluid surface, and smoothing the depth image to generate a smoothed depth image. From the smoothed depth image, a smoothed surface position and a smoothed surface normal for each of a plurality of pixels included within the smoothed depth image is determined, and a shaded surface of the fluid is rendered as a function of the smoothed surface positions and the smoothed surface normals.
US08947426B2	Display control apparatus and display control method A display control apparatus of the present invention displays a plurality of images on a display device capable of performing three-dimensional representation by laying out the images at a predetermined interval in a depth direction of three-dimensional representation, and includes a determination unit configured to determine a display interval between the plurality of images belonging to an identical group depending on the number of images contained in the group, a layout unit configured to lay out the plurality of images in a depth direction based on the display interval of each group determined by the determination unit, and a display control unit configured to display the images laid out by the layout unit on the display device.
US08947424B2	Spectral stereoscopic projection system A stereoscopic digital projection system that projects stereoscopic images including first-eye images and second-eye images onto a display surface. The first-eye images are formed using red, green and blue first-eye light emitters having corresponding spectral bands with red, green and blue first-eye central wavelengths, λR1, λG1 and λB1. The second-eye images are formed using red, green and blue second-eye light emitters having corresponding spectral bands with red, green and blue second-eye central wavelengths, λR2, λG2 and λB2. The central wavelengths are arranged such that λB1<λB2<λG2<λG1<λR1<λR2. An image forming system including at least one spatial light modulator is used to form first-eye and second-eye modulated images by modulating light from the first-eye and second light emitters. Projection optics are used to deliver the first-eye and second-eye modulated images to a display surface.
US08947405B2	Electromagnetic stylus and computer apparatus thereof An electromagnetic stylus includes a hollow body, a pen-nib device, an energy transforming device, a circuit board, and an electricity storage device. The pen-nib device is disposed at one end of the hollow body. The energy transforming device is disposed in the hollow body for converting variations in a physical quantity into electrical signals. The circuit board is disposed in the hollow body and electrically connected to the energy transforming device for rectifying the electrical signals transformed by the energy transforming device. The electricity storage device is disposed in the hollow body and electrically connected to the pen-nib device, for receiving the electrical signals transmitted from the circuit board to generate electrical energy and providing the electrical energy to the pen-nib device to generate electromagnetic signals.
US08947398B2	Dual-substrate capacitive touch panel A capacitive touch panel sequentially has a first glass substrate, a lower touch sensitive layer, a lower insulation ink layer, a lower conductor layer, a lower insulation layer, a lower conductive adhesive layer, a flexible circuit board, a transparent insulation adhesive layer, an upper insulation layer, an upper conductive adhesive layer, an upper conductor layer, an upper insulation ink layer, an upper touch sensitive layer and a second glass substrate. The aforementioned structure allows fabrication of the capacitive touch panel to be separated into a lower panel fabrication process and an upper panel fabrication process. The two independent fabrication processes prevent the capacitive touch panel from being damaged in one of the processes when the process is completed so as to increase the yield in production and further facilitate producing large-size touch panel.
US08947397B2	Electronic apparatus and drawing method According to one embodiment, an apparatus includes a display detects a position of a first contact in which an area of contact with an object is equal to or smaller than a first threshold value, and a position of a second contact in which an area of contact with an object is equal to or larger than a second threshold value, a corrector corrects the position in which the first contact is sensed, and a drawing module draws at least one of a locus of a position corrected by the correction module, and a locus of the position of the first contact. The corrector corrects the position in which the first contact is sensed, by using at least one of whether the second contact is sensed, and a positional relationship between the first contact and the second contact.
US08947390B1	Line spacing in mesh designs for touch sensors In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a touch sensor that includes a mesh of conductive material configured to extend across a display that includes multiple pixels that each include sub-pixels. The mesh includes multiple first and second lines of conductive material. The first lines are substantially parallel to each other, and the second lines are substantially parallel to each other. Each of the pixels has a first pixel pitch (PPx) along a first axis and a second pixel pitch (PPy) along a second axis that is substantially perpendicular to the first axis. The first pixel pitch is a distance between corresponding features of two adjacent pixels along the first axis, and the second pixel pitch is a distance between corresponding features of two adjacent pixels along the second axis. The first lines extend across the display at a first angle relative to the first axis.
US08947385B2	Method and device for interactive stereoscopic display Disclosed is a method of interactive display that includes providing a touch-based display screen capable of stereoscopic displaying of object images that further includes displaying a plurality of object images on the display screen, wherein at least a first of the object images is selectable and displayed so as to appear to be located at least partially in a zero-plane of the display screen, wherein at least a second of the object images is displayed so as to appear to be located at least one of inwardly and outwardly of the zero-plane, receiving a first input at a location of the display screen substantially corresponding to the first of the object images, and identifying the first input as corresponding to the first of the object images that is selectable and taking at least one further action upon the identification.
US08947382B2	Wearable display device, corresponding systems, and method for presenting output on the same An electronic device can include detectors for altering the presentation of data on one or more displays. In a wearable electronic device, a flexible housing can be configured to enfold about an appendage of a user, such as a user's wrist. A display can disposed along a major face of the flexible housing. A control circuit can be operable with the display. A gaze detector can be included to detect a gaze direction, and optionally a gaze cone. An orientation detector can be configured to detect an orientation of the electronic device relative to the user. The control circuit can alter a presentation of data on the display in response to a detected gaze direction, in response to detected orientation of the wearable electronic device relative to the user, in response to touch or gesture input, or combinations thereof. Secondary displays can be hingedly coupled to the electronic device.
US08947377B2	System and method for synchronization of touch panel devices A system and method for synchronization of touch-panel devices is described. In one embodiment, the system includes a first controller device configured to control operations of a first portion of a touch-panel device such that the first controller device is further configured to generate a single master timing signal. The single master timing signal is configured to synchronize operation of the first controller device and a second controller device that is configured to control operations of a second portion of a touch-panel device.
US08947376B2	Desktop reveal expansion A dual-screen user device and methods for revealing a combination of desktops on single and multiple screens are disclosed. Specifically, a determined number of desktops is displayed to at least one of the screens of the device conditioned upon input received and the state of the device. Where a screen of the device is determined to be inactive, the desktop is not displayed to the screen, but is stored in a virtually displayed state by the device. Upon receiving input that the inactive screen is active, the device can actually display the desktop to the screen.
US08947373B2	Method and apparatus for reducing coupled noise influence in touch screen controllers A method and apparatus for reducing influence of noise for touch screen controllers employing noise listening synchronization, delay lines, filtering and sensing selected touch screen electrodes.
US08947368B2	Touch screen panel A touch screen panel includes a transparent substrate; a plurality of first sensing patterns at a first side of the transparent substrate and coupled to each other along a first direction; a plurality of second sensing patterns at the first side of the transparent substrate and coupled to each other along a second direction, the second sensing patterns being alternately arranged with the first sensing patterns not to overlap with the first sensing patterns; and a phase difference compensating layer at the first side of the transparent substrate and adapted to compensate for a birefringence phase difference of a liquid crystal layer in a liquid crystal display panel at a second side of the transparent substrate.
US08947359B2	Information processing apparatus and operation method of information processing apparatus An information processing apparatus includes: an apparatus body including a body having a keyboard and a display unit attached to the body so as to be opened and closed; an acceleration sensor mounted on the apparatus body; a gesture motion determination unit mounted on the apparatus body and determining a reference posture of a holding state of the apparatus body taken when a user executes a given gesture function while holding the apparatus body based on acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor as well as determining a gesture motion executed by the user by detecting posture change of the apparatus body from the reference posture based on acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor; and an operation execution unit mounted on the apparatus body and executing a given operation corresponding to the gesture motion executed by the user based on the determination result in the gesture motion determination unit.
US08947353B2	Photosensor array gesture detection Photosensor array gesture detection techniques are described. In one or more embodiments, a computing device includes an array of photosensors. The photosensor array can be configured in various ways to measure changes in the amount of light that occur based upon a user's hand position above the photosensor array. In at least some embodiments, capacitance associated with the photosensors is charged and data regarding discharge rates for the sensors is collected that is indicative of the amount of incident light. Sequential changes in the amount of light that is measured across the array of photosensors can be used to determine positioning and/or movement of the user's hand in three dimensions (e.g., track position/motion in three-dimensional (3D) space relative to the computing device.) Accordingly, various gestures can be defined in terms of input obtained via the photosensor array and recognized to trigger corresponding operations by the computing device.
US08947352B2	Image processing apparatus capable of displaying operation item, method of controlling the same, image pickup apparatus, and storage medium An image processing apparatus which is capable of preventing the display of an operation item, such as an icon, from hindering user's viewing an image which the user desires to view. A distance and position-detecting section and a system controller detect a distance between a screen and an operation element. The system controller displays at least one operation candidate item on the screen when the detected distance becomes not larger than a first threshold distance. Further, when the detected distance becomes not larger than the first predetermined threshold distance, the system controller changes a display form of the operation candidate item depending on the detected distance and displays the operation candidate item as an operable item.
US08947350B2	System and method for generating screen pointing information in a television control device A system and method, in a television control device, for generating screen pointing information, substantially as shown in and/or described in connection with at least one of the figures, as set forth more completely in the claims.
US08947342B2	Method and apparatus for controlling the partitions of a backlight unit of a 3D display apparatus A method and apparatus for controlling a backlight unit of a three-dimensional (3D) display apparatus receiving a 3D video sequence is provided. The method includes determining the image brightness level of the 3D video sequence displayed on a liquid crystal display (LCD) unit, for each of a plurality of partial regions of the LCD unit to which a plurality of sub-blocks of the backlight unit emit light; determining turn-on times of the plurality of sub-blocks of the backlight unit, based on the image brightness of each of the partial regions of the LCD unit; and determining turn-on periods of the plurality of sub-blocks of the backlight unit by synchronizing with a switching period between a set including a left visual point frame and a right visual point frame of the 3D video sequence.
US08947339B2	Noise-compensated LCD display A method for displaying an input image on a display includes receiving the input image to be displayed on the display. The image is modified with a first process to determine a driving signal for a two-dimensional backlight array of independently selectable light emitting elements of the display. The first modified image is modified with a second noise reducing process to determine a driving signal for a two-dimensional liquid crystal layer defining pixels of the display. The two-dimensional backlight array has a different density of light emitting elements than the two-dimensional liquid crystal layer defining the pixels of the display.
US08947336B2	Display driving method with variable scan driving signal, driving module with variable scan driving signal, and display apparatus with variable scan driving signal A display driving method comprises the steps of: determining a first target-level voltage and a second target-level voltage of a signal of the scan line; determining a first switch time and a second switch time according to an RC loading of the scan line; determining at least one first precharge-level voltage and at least one second precharge-level voltage according to the first target-level voltage, the second target-level voltage, the first switch time, and the second switch time; and outputting the first precharge-level voltage, the first target-level voltage, the second precharge-level voltage, and the second target-level voltage to drive the display panel, wherein the first precharge-level voltage is switched to the first target-level voltage after the first switch time, and the second precharge-level voltage is switched to the second target-level voltage after the second switch time.
US08947322B1	Context detection and context-based user-interface population Exemplary methods and systems relate to a wearable computing device determining a user-context and dynamically changing the content of a user-interface based on the determined user-context. The device may determine a user-context based on digital context; such as a text document a user is reading or a current website the device is accessing. User-context may also be based on physical context; such as the device's location or the air temperature around a user. Once a user-context is determined, a device may identify content that is related to the user-context and add objects representing this related content to a user-interface.
US08947317B2	Microwave resonator configured by composite right/left-handed meta-material and antenna apparatus provided with the microwave resonator A reflective impedance element is connected to a port of a composite right/left-handed transmission line, and operates at a predetermined operating frequency so that an impedance when the reflective impedance element is seen from the port becomes a pure imaginary number jB. A reflective impedance component is connected to a port of the composite right/left-handed transmission line, and operates at the predetermined operating frequency so that an impedance when the reflective impedance element is seen from the port becomes −jB.
US08947301B2	Multi-band loaded antenna A planar antenna for wireless information transfer can include a planar loading portion electrically coupled to a driven node of a wireless communication circuit, and a folded conductive strip portion coupled to the planar loading portion, the folded conductive strip portion comprising at least two segments laterally offset from each other and at least partially laterally overlapping with each other. The planar loading portion can be configured to establish a specified bandwidth of a second operating frequency range, leaving a first specified operating frequency range substantially unchanged.
US08947296B2	Method and system for measuring a distance with narrowband radar A system includes a radar antenna and a radar controller. The radar controller generates two narrowband radar signals, each narrowband radar signal having substantially constant frequency, the frequencies of the two narrowband radar signals differing from one another. The controller operates the radar antenna to transmit each of the generated narrowband radar signals as a transmitted signal, each transmitted signal being characterized by a transmitted power. The controller also measures a received power of received signals that are received by the radar antenna, each received signal including a portion of a corresponding one of the transmitted signals that was returned from an object or from a calibration surface at a known calibration range. A processor operating in accordance with programmed instructions calculates a range to the object on the basis of the transmitted and received powers.
US08947280B2	Analogue-to-digital converter An integrated-circuit, continuous-time, sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter has a single-ended analog input, a converter reference input, and a ground connection. The converter has a resistor-capacitor integrator arranged to receive the single-ended analog input. The integrator comprises a differential amplifier. The converter also has a clocked comparator connected to an output from the integrator, and circuitry arranged so that reference inputs to the amplifier and to the comparator can be maintained at a common voltage derived from the converter reference input.
US08947275B2	Method and apparatus for calibrating digital background through capacitor division and swapping for reducing capacitor mismatch effect of analog-to-digital converter A high-quality Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is used to calibrate a difference attributable to a capacitor mismatch in a Digital to Analog Converter (DAC). The present invention is advantageous in that it can fabricate a low-power high-resolution ADC by calibrating an error attributable to a capacitor mismatch through a digital background calibration apparatus and method using a Successive Approximation Register (SAR).
US08947273B2	Entropy coding An encoder for encoding a sequence of symbols is described which has an assigner configured to assign a number of parameters to each symbol of the sequence of symbols based on information contained within previous symbols of the sequence of symbols; a plurality of entropy encoders each of which is configured to convert the symbols forwarded to the respective entropy encoder into a respective bitstream; and a selector configured to forward each symbol to a selected one of the plurality of entropy encoders, the selection depending on the number of parameters assigned to the respective symbol.
US08947268B2	Stepped instrument panel for aircraft An instrument panel for a rotorcraft having two pilot seats, said instrument panel being arranged under an anti-glare shield (4) and including display means (2), at least some of the display means (2) being suitable for acting as communications means, said display means (2) comprising a first set (5) of display means (2) arranged on the instrument panel, and a second set (6) of display means (2) arranged on the instrument panel, wherein the instrument panel includes, symmetrically relative to a longitudinal axis, a central dashboard (3), and at least two lateral dashboards arranged on either side of the central dashboard (3), the dashboards being mutually parallel and presenting a forward longitudinal offset from one dashboard to the next starting from the central dashboard (3).
US08947263B2	Assessing traffic status with sensors A computer-implemented method for assessing traffic status with sensors is provided. The method includes receiving sensor readings from a plurality of mobile sensors for detecting a traffic parameter and obtaining traffic information associated with the received sensor readings. The method also includes identifying a change in traffic based on the obtained traffic information and the received sensor reading, and determining whether a traffic incident has occurred based on the identified change. Systems and machine-readable media are also provided.
US08947256B2	Monitoring system for sucker rod An intelligent monitoring system for a sucker rod including a monitor center, a remote wireless communication equipment communicating with the monitor center and connected with a movement detection and storage equipment of the sucker rod, a radio frequency reader/writer, and a radio frequency storage chip. The movement detection and storage equipment of the sucker rod is connected with the radio frequency reader/writer. The radio frequency storage chip is disposed on the sucker rod to store the information of the sucker rod. The monitoring system can detect and record reciprocating or circumvolving movement of the sucker rod as well as the motion state of the sucker rod in an oil well.
US08947254B2	Systems and methods for managing information associated with boxes used in the delivery of packages There is disclosed methods and systems for managing drop boxes. Events reflecting outputs from one or more sensors are detected. Information that is a function of the detected event is forwarded to a drop box management system. This information, along with additional information received by the drop box management system, is utilized to generate instructions including display instructions for each drop box. Displays of drop boxes are then updated based on the instructions.
US08947225B2	Providing information about mobile communication devices with respect to an area of interest A method and system for providing information about mobile communication devices with respect to an area of interest is disclosed. Initially, information about an event having an area of interest is received. A request is provided to one or more communications providers that cover the area of interest for a listing of any mobile communication devices located within the area of interest. The listing of any mobile communication devices located within the area of interest is utilized to establish an approximate number of persons in the area of interest.
US08947223B2	Warning and scene lighting system A lighting system for use with an emergency vehicle comprises at least one elongated lighting bar mounted to an exterior surface of the emergency vehicle, the lighting bar comprises a plurality of lighting elements operable to emit light, the at least one lighting bar operable to be placed in a first substantially horizontal lowered position and a second substantially vertical raised position, and a controller electrically coupled to the at least one lighting bar and configured to receive user input and controllably place the at least one lighting bar in one of a raised and lowered positions in response to the user input, the controller further configurable to operate the plurality of lighting elements in a predetermined repeating on/off sequence involving increasing number of lit lighting elements and increasing light intensity over time.
US08947221B2	Method and apparatus for tracking device connection and state change A system includes a processor configured to determine if a vehicle computing system (VCS) has been placed in a monitoring mode. The processor is also configured to detect and log the connection or disconnection of any remote devices. The processor is further configured to flag logs if the VCS is in a monitoring mode. Also, the processor is configured to detect the presence of a known vehicle driver or the termination of the monitoring mode and report any flagged logs upon known driver detection or monitoring mode termination.
US08947217B2	Human machine interface for an automotive vehicle A human machine interface (HMI) for an automotive vehicle comprises an instrument cluster and at least one head-up display for displaying information. The HMI includes at least one picture generation unit, each of which includes a laser for generating a modulated laser beam and a micro-electromechanical scanning minor arranged in the optical path of the laser beam for sweeping the laser beam over a diffuser in a two-dimensional Lissajous pattern. The HMI further comprises a central control unit that may be interfaced with a vehicle's on-board computer and/or another on-board device. A processor of the central control unit is configured to determine the pictures to be generated by the at least two picture generation units and to calculate, for each picture generation unit, the two-dimensional Lissajous pattern and the modulation of the at least one laser beam, the combination of which results in the respective picture to be displayed.
US08947207B2	Method and apparatus for a deployable radio-frequency identification portal system In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first assembly, a second assembly, and a coupling element coupled to the first assembly and the second assembly. The first assembly includes a processor, a memory, and a radiator module, the processor operatively coupled to the memory and the radiator module. The second assembly includes a radiator operatively coupled to the radiator module. The second assembly is movable relative to the first assembly about the coupling element between a first configuration and a second configuration. The processor is configured to interrogate a radio-frequency identification module via the radiator module and the radiator when the second assembly is in the second configuration.
US08947204B1	Optical interrogation and registration system A system and method for identifying an object are provided. An encoded substrate includes at least one layer of material having a matrix of zones arranged on surface thereof to represent optically coded information. At least one zone of the matrix of zones is configured to absorb a predetermined first wavelength of an electromagnetic radiation. A scanner is configured to receive a reflected electromagnetic radiation associated with the matrix of zones. The optically coded information is extracted from the reflected electromagnetic radiation.
US08947202B2	Accessing a vehicle using portable devices A primary portable device can access a vehicle by transmitting an activation message including a vehicle access credential to the vehicle. The primary portable device can additionally enable a secondary portable device to access the vehicle by transmitting the vehicle access credential to the secondary portable device. The connections between the primary portable device, secondary portable device, and vehicle can be based on a short-range wireless protocol, such as Bluetooth or Bluetooth LE.
US08947200B2	Method of distributing stand-alone locks An authentication server for a wireless lock system comprising a wireless lock and a key device is configured to receive and authenticate a validation message. The validation message is created at the wireless lock from a secret key contained in the wireless lock. The authentication server receives the validation message from the key device, receives a certificate of ownership provided by the user, and authenticates the validation message and key device using copies each stored in a database of the authentication server. The authentication is configured to associate the user with the lock ID upon successfully authenticating the validation message, thereby enabling the authorizations server to provide the user with digital credentials to open the lock.
US08947190B2	Planar transformer The present invention relates to a planar transformer, the transformer including a core provided to induce formation of a magnetic field, a bobbin coupled to a core, at least one primary winding interposed between the core and the bobbin to supply a power signal, a first insulation unit provided to the at least one primary winding to insulate the at least one primary winding, at least one secondary winding provided to the first insulation unit and insulated by the first insulation unit to transform the power signal, and a second insulation unit provided to the at least one secondary winding to insulate the at least one secondary winding.
US08947188B2	Tap changer and vacuum interrupter for such a tap changer The invention relates to a tap changer for the interruption-free switchover between winding taps of a tap-changing transformer. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a novel vacuum interrupter which is particularly suitable for such a tap changer. The tap changer according to the invention is based on the general concept of combining in each case one main contact (V1) and one mechanical switching means (U1), connected in series therewith, of a first load branch and an additional resistive contact (V3) of a second load branch in only a single vacuum interrupter (1) with a common housing (5). The vacuum interrupter (1) according to the invention is furthermore based on the general inventive concept of replacing the functionalities of two required vacuum interrupters in accordance with the prior art and an additional mechanical switching means with a single vacuum interrupter (1) according to the invention by virtue of combining the design of a vacuum interrupter (1) with a plurality of moveable contact systems (I, II, III), which are arranged in separate vacuum interrupter chambers (2, 3, 4) which are sealed with respect to one another.
US08947175B2	Low-pass filter A low pass filter includes a laminate including a plurality of insulating layers stacked in a z-axis direction and a mounting surface on a negative side in the z-axis direction. An external electrode is disposed on a lower surface of the laminate and is grounded. The laminate houses a substantially spiral coil having a central axis extending in the z-axis direction. Via-hole conductors extend from the end on the positive side in the z-axis direction of the coil toward the negative side in the z-axis direction. The external electrode and the end on the positive side in the z-axis direction of the coil are electrically coupled to each other through the via-hole conductors.
US08947173B2	Ferrite circulator with asymmetric features A ferrite element for a circulator comprises a first segment extending in a first direction from a center portion of the ferrite element; a second segment extending in a second direction from the center portion of the ferrite element; and a third segment extending in a third direction from the center portion of the ferrite element. Each of the first segment, the second segment, and the third segment has a respective width and include a channel located at a respective distance from a center point of the ferrite element. At least one of the respective width of each segment or the respective distance from the center point for the channel in each segment is different for each respective segment such that the first segment operates over a first frequency sub-band, the second segment operates over a second frequency sub-band, and the third segment operates over a third frequency sub-band.
US08947169B2	Oscillating device and electronic apparatus An oscillating device includes an atomic oscillator, an oven controlled crystal oscillator, a correcting unit configured to correct an output signal of the oven controlled crystal oscillator on the basis of an output signal of the atomic oscillator, a housing configured to house the atomic oscillator and the oven controlled crystal oscillator, and a temperature adjusting unit configured to adjust the temperature in the housing to a predetermined temperature.
US08947166B2	Radio frequency power amplifier A radio frequency power amplifier includes: an amplifying element which amplifies an input signal and outputs the signal from an output terminal; and an output load circuit which includes a first resonant circuit and a second resonant circuit that are connected to the output terminal. The first resonant circuit has a resonance frequency higher than the frequency of the second harmonic of the input signal, and the second resonant circuit has a resonance frequency lower than the frequency of the third harmonic of the input signal. The output load circuit has such an impedance looking from the output terminal that a phase of a reflection coefficient at the second harmonic of the input signal is greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees, and a phase of a reflection coefficient at the third harmonic of the input signal is greater than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
US08947165B2	Multi-mode Doherty power amplifier The present invention relates to a Doherty power amplifier in which a new operation mode for accomplishing high efficiency at a lower output power level is added to operation of a conventional Doherty power amplifier, thereby achieving high efficiency at various output power levels of the power amplifier. The multi-mode Doherty power amplifier to which a second power mode is added may be reduced in size so as to be integrated into a chip.
US08947160B2	On-chip millimeter wave Lange coupler A Lange coupler having a first plurality of lines on a first level and a second plurality of lines on a second level. At least one line on the first level is cross-coupled to a respective line on the second level via electromagnetic waves traveling through the first and second plurality of lines. The first and second plurality of lines may be made of metal, and the first level may be higher than the second level. A substrate may be provided into which the first and second plurality of lines are etched so as to define an on-chip Lange coupler.
US08947155B2	Solid-state relay A solid-state relay is provided, which includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first transmission circuit, and a second transmission circuit. A gate of the first transistor is connected to one of a source and a drain of the second transistor, one of a source and a drain of the first transistor is connected to a first terminal, and the other of the source and the drain of the first transistor is connected to a second terminal. The first transmission circuit supplies a first signal to the gate of the first transistor. The second transmission circuit supplies a second signal to a gate of the second transistor. The first terminal is connected to the second terminal when the first transistor is turned on by the first signal.
US08947143B2	Duty cycle corrector The duty cycle corrector for correcting a system clock signal comprises a duty cycle detector and a duty cycle adjuster. The duty cycle detector is configured for detecting a system duty cycle of the system clock signal and generating the first control signal and the second control signal, wherein the first control signal and the second control signal are complementary to each other. The duty cycle adjuster comprises an inverter and the duty cycle adjuster is configured for delaying a change in an input status of the inverter and adjusting of the inverter in accordance with the first control signal and the second control signal.
US08947141B2	Differential amplifiers, clock generator circuits, delay lines and methods A differential amplifier may be configured to have a duty cycle and/or gain that is adjustable, such as by adjusting the switch points of circuitry in the differential amplifier. The differential amplifier may alternatively or additionally have a hysteresis function by, for example, using a signal feedback from the output of the amplifier to adjust the switch points of circuitry in the differential amplifier. The differential amplifier may be used for a variety of purposes, such as in an input buffer or delay line, either of which may be used, for example, in a clock generator circuit.
US08947138B2	Phase adjustment circuit and interface circuit In a phase adjustment circuit, a first phase adjuster has a plurality of parallel-connected first inverters that receives an input signal to be phase-adjusted, wherein a first inverter to be activated is selected by a first control signal. A second phase adjuster has a plurality of parallel-connected second inverters that receives the input signal with a predetermined delay time, wherein a second inverter to be activated is selected by a second control signal. An output circuit receives output signals of the first and second phase adjusters and outputs a signal whose phase is adjusted within a range of the delay time. The second phase adjuster further includes transistors connected to the second inverters. During the delay time, these transistors block a current path between the first and second phase adjusters, under the control of the input signal.
US08947135B2	Output circuit and voltage signal output method An output circuit includes: a first PMOS transistor and a second PMOS transistor connected in series between a high potential side power supply and an output node; a first NMOS transistor and a second NMOS transistor connected in series between a low potential side power supply and the output node; a bias voltage generation circuit outputting a first bias voltage to a first bias node connected to a gate terminal of the second PMOS transistor and a second bias voltage to a second bias node connected to a gate terminal of the second NMOS transistor; first and second bias voltage stabilization circuits suppressing fluctuations in the first and second bias voltages; and a control circuit detecting a change in a signal that fluctuates the first bias voltage and the second bias voltage and controlling the first and second bias voltage stabilization circuits.
US08947129B2	High voltage switching circuits The preferred embodiments of the present invention use low voltage transistors to support high voltage switching circuits by connecting low voltage circuits in a stacking configuration. High voltage switching signals are divided into a plurality of small amplitude switching signals before sending into transformers, filters or other circuits. The resulting circuits can support high voltage applications while achieving cost and performance advantages of low voltage circuits.
US08947114B2	Inspecting method and program for object to be inspected An inspecting method for an object to be inspected is provided to bring probes of a probe card into electrical contact with a predetermined number of devices of target devices of the object at a time to inspect electrical characteristics of the target devices by moving a mounting table for mounting thereon the object under the control of a control unit. Upon completion of the inspection of the target devices, if inspection errors have occurred in specific devices of the target devices in a regular pattern, the target devices are re-examined, and when the re-examination is carried out, a contact position between the probe card and the object is displaced from a contact position in a previous inspection by a distance of at least one device to inspect electrical characteristics of the number of devices of the target devices at a time.
US08947112B2	Switching apparatus and test apparatus Provided is a switching apparatus that switches a connection state between two terminals, comprising a switch that switches the connection state between the two terminals according to a control voltage supplied thereto; a driving section that provides the switch with the control voltage corresponding to a control signal supplied thereto; and a changing section that changes the control voltage output from the driving section, according to a designated switching time. The changing section may change power supplied as a power supply to the driving section, according to the designated switching time. The changing section may change the control voltage output from the driving section prior to switching of the switch.
US08947110B2	Suspension device for a membrane test system Embodiments of suspension clamps for use in testing membrane samples used in fuel cells are provided. One example of a suspension clamp comprises a frame, a clamp member, a plurality of electrodes, and a suspension component. The clamp member is hingedly attached to one end of the frame. Each of the plurality of electrodes extends along a membrane-facing surface of at least one of the clamp member and the frame. A suspension component is attached to at least one of the clamp member and the frame and is configured to suspend the suspension clamp during testing of a membrane sample. The suspension clamp can be used to measure one or more of resistance, impedance, conductance, proton permeability and through-thickness of the membrane sample.
US08947109B2	Protection device, corresponding method and computer software product A device is provided for protecting an electronic payment terminal, which includes at least one printed circuit and one casing. The device includes at least one capacitive detector having a first part electrically connected to the printed circuit and a second part mounted within the casing of the electronic payment terminal without being electrically connected to the first part. The at least one capacitive detector is configured to deliver a reference capacitance when it is mounted in the electronic payment terminal. The device also includes a capacitive measurement microprocessor electrically connected to the at least one capacitive detector and configured to detect a variation in capacitance of the at least one capacitive detector. The device includes a transmitter for transmitting a piece of information representing the variation in capacitance when an absolute value of a difference between the measured capacitance and the reference capacitance exceeds a predetermined threshold.
US08947104B2	In situ membrane monitoring A method for in situ monitoring of a membrane of a membrane separation system comprises measuring a complex impedance of the membrane at a plurality of frequencies to provide an indication of the electrical conduction and electrical polarization properties of the membrane. The membrane based separation system for removing or reducing the concentration of materials carried in a fluid including a separation membrane has a first pair of electrodes separated by the membrane and arranged for measurement of the complex impedance of the membrane at a plurality of frequencies to provide the indication of the membrane properties. There may also be a second pair of electrodes separated by the membrane for injecting the stimulus current such that the injecting and monitoring functions are separated.
US08947095B2	Multi-array laterolog tools and methods Multi-array laterolog tool systems and methods acquire a set of array measurements sufficient to provide laterolog tool measurements of differing array sizes. Such systems and method offer multiple depths of investigation while offering greater measurement stability in borehole environments having high resistivity contrasts. In at least some system embodiments, a wireline or LWD tool body has a center electrode positioned between multiple pairs of guard electrodes and a pair of return electrodes. The tool's electronics provide a current from the center electrode to the pair of return electrodes and currents from each pair of guard electrodes to the pair of return electrodes. Each of the currents may be distinguishable by frequency or distinguishable by some other means. This novel arrangement of currents provides a complete set of measurements that enables one tool to simultaneously emulate a whole range of laterolog tools.
US08947082B2	Dual-axis anisotropic magnetoresistive sensors An integrated dual-axis anisotropic magnetoresistive sensor can include first and second sensor units. A resistor bridge of the first sensor unit can include a plurality of magnetoresistors, each having at least one strip of anisotropic magnetoresistive material with a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to the technological anisotropy axis of the material. A resistor bridge of the second sensor unit can include a plurality of magnetoresistors having a plurality of strips of the anisotropic magnetoresistive material, the plurality of strips including a first subset having longitudinal axes aligned at a first angle to the technological anisotropy axis and a second subset having longitudinal axes aligned at a second angle to the technological anisotropy axis. The second angle can have the same magnitude as the first, but be rotated in an opposite direction from the technological anisotropy axis.
US08947081B2	Micromachined resonant magnetic field sensors A micromachined magnetic field sensor is disclosed. The micromachined magnetic field sensor includes a substrate; and a drive subsystem partially supported by the substrate with a plurality of beams, and at least one anchor; a mechanism for providing an electrical current through the drive subsystem along a first axis; and Lorentz force acting on the drive subsystem along a second axis in response to a magnetic field vector along a third axis. The micromachined magnetic field sensor also includes a position transducer to detect the motion of the drive subsystem and an electrostatic offset cancellation mechanism coupled to the drive subsystem.
US08947080B2	High sensitivity solid state magnetometer A magnetometer for sensing a magnetic field may include a solid state electronic spin system, and a detector. The solid state electronic spin system may contain one or more electronic spins that are disposed within a solid state lattice, for example NV centers in diamond. The electronic spins may be configured to receive optical excitation radiation and to align with the magnetic field in response thereto. The electronic spins may be further induced to precess about the magnetic field to be sensed, in response to an external control such as an RF field, the frequency of the spin precession being linearly related to the magnetic field by the Zeeman shift of the electronic spin energy levels. The detector may be configured to detect output optical radiation from the electronic spin, so as to determine the Zeeman shift and thus the magnetic field.
US08947078B2	Measuring apparatus, particularly measuring apparatus for sensing metal articles A measuring apparatus for sensing metal articles, comprises a transmission coil for producing a magnetic field, two reception coils, which are oriented relative to one another, and electrically connected to one another, in the region of the magnetic field such that a resulting received voltage on the reception coils is zero when the magnetic field acts on both reception coils in the same way, a control device configured to supply the transmission coil with an alternating transmission voltage, and a determination device configured to determine the metal article on the basis of the received voltage. In this arrangement, the control device is further configured to control RMS value for the transmission voltage such that the received voltage remains below a predetermined threshold value.
US08947070B2	Apparatus and method for testing driver writeability strength on an integrated circuit An apparatus and method for testing driver write-ability strength on an integrated circuit includes one or more drive detection units each including a number of drivers. At least some of the drivers may have a different drive strength and each may drive a voltage onto a respective driver output line. Each drive detection unit may include a number of keeper circuits, each coupled to a separate output line and configured to retain a given voltage on the output line to which it is coupled. Each detection unit may also include a number of detection circuits coupled to detect the drive voltage on each of the output lines. In one implementation, the drive voltage appearing at the output line of each driver may be indicative of that the driver was able to overdrive the voltage being retained on the output line to which it is coupled by the respective keeper circuits.
US08947067B1	Automatic bandgap voltage calibration Disclosed is bandgap voltage reference generator having a programmable resistor. The programmable resistor can be programmed to provide a proper ratio between the PTAT current and the CTAT current to reduce the effect of process variations on the bandgap voltage. The bandgap voltage reference generator includes a calibration circuit that programs the programmable resistor.
US08947066B2	Control apparatus According to one embodiment, a control apparatus communicable with a power measuring apparatus includes a communication unit, a threshold storage, and a controller. The communication unit acquires a usable power value from the power measuring apparatus. The threshold storage stores a threshold value. The controller changes a working state thereof in accordance with a comparison result of the usable power value and the threshold value.
US08947063B2	Power converter with the function of digital error correction An output voltage regulator of step-down switching power converters is described, with the regulator provided with digitally adjusted output voltage. It solves the problem of low regulation due to low error amplifier (EA) gain. This invention includes a power converter with the function of Digitally Error Correction, having Logic Control, EA, PWM comparator, Driver, power devices and passive components. A Digital Calibration Circuit whose input terminal is connected to the output voltage and output terminal is connected to the error signal. When the output voltage exceeds the tolerance range, this Digital Calibration Circuit will increase or decrease the error signal step by step, keeping the output voltage in the tolerance range. The Digital Calibration Circuit can be applied not only in nanometer scale process, but also in traditional process. For those power converters in traditional process, it is also quite promising in applications.
US08947062B2	Power supply circuit In the case where the duty cycle of the PWM signal exists and the duty cycle of the PWM signal is constant for a certain period, a feedback control circuit is operated intermittently with the duty cycle fixed. Specifically, a power supply circuit includes an A/D converter circuit for forming a digital value based on an analog value obtained by monitoring an output voltage based on a reference voltage, a digital filter circuit for smoothing the digital value, a PWM signal generator circuit for generating a PWM signal based on an output value of the digital filter circuit, and an operation mode control circuit for controlling a circuit operation mode based on the duty cycle of the PWM signal.
US08947061B2	Hysteretic switching regulator with reduced switching frequency variation Embodiments of a hysteretic switching regulator with reduced switching frequency variation over changes in one or more of input voltage, output voltage, and temperature are provided herein. A frequency adjust controller is specifically used to adjust a parameter of an integrator within the hysteretic switching regulator to compensate for changes in one or more of input voltage, output voltage, and temperature to maintain the switching frequency of the regulator within a narrow frequency range. Limiting the potentially wide switching frequency variation makes filtering of electromagnetic interference (EMI) caused by the switching action of the hysteretic switching regulator more effective and simpler to implement.
US08947059B2	Symmetrical output switch-mode power supply The invention relates to a switched-mode power supply delivering a first (VPOS) and a second (VNEG) voltage which are symmetrical. It comprises a power stage (30) comprising an inductor (L), and switches (A, B, C, D, E) controlled by control signals. It also comprises a control circuit (34), coupled to the power stage (30), that is able to produce error signals (Verr1, Verr2) as a function of the difference between a reference voltage (Vref) and the first (VPOS) and second (VNEG) voltages. The power supply comprises a synchronization circuit (38), coupled to the power stage (30) and to the control circuit (34), for generating the control signals in a manner that applies a control strategy adapted to minimize error signals, maintain a non-zero amount of energy in the inductor (L), and maintain the absolute value of the first (VPOS) and second (VNEG) voltages at substantially equal values.
US08947058B2	Switching power supply device, AC power supply device, and image forming apparatus A switching power supply device includes a switching power supply integrated circuit that includes a dead time generating unit that generates high-side and low-side drive signals having a dead time based on a PWM signal, a drive signal generating unit that generates first and second PWM signals based on the drive signals and a voltage of an output terminal, and a driver that includes high-side and low-side switch elements driven by the PWM signals; a filter that is connected to the output terminal; a first diode having a cathode connected to the source of the high-side switch element and an anode connected to the output terminal; and a second diode having a cathode connected to the source of the low-side switch element and an anode connected to the output terminal. The first and second diodes are arranged outside the switching power supply integrated circuit.
US08947052B2	Charge-discharge control circuit, semiconductor integrated circuit, method of controlling charging and discharging A charge-discharge control circuit includes a cell balance detection circuit that detects that a voltage of a cell reaches a predetermined voltage; a memory circuit that stores the cell that reaches the predetermined voltage first among plural of the cells; bypass circuits respectively connected to the plural cells in parallel, each of the bypass circuits including a switch unit for bypassing the current that flows through the corresponding cell when charging; and a control circuit that controls the switch units, wherein the control circuit controls the switch unit based on the cell stored in the memory circuit so that an ON/OFF status of the switch unit is maintained from a start to an end of a next charging operation subsequent to a charging operation during which the cell is stored in the memory circuit.
US08947050B2	Charging of vehicle battery based on indicators of impedance and health A method for charging a battery may include determining a degradation condition of the battery based on impedance parameters of the battery, altering a default charge profile for the battery based on the degradation condition, and charging the battery with the altered charge profile.
US08947042B2	Wireless power and data transfer for electronic devices Exemplary embodiments are directed to wireless power. A wireless charging device may comprise a charging region configured for placement of one or more chargeable devices. The charging device may further include at least one transmit antenna configured for transmitting wireless power within the charging region. Furthermore, the charging device is configured to exchange data between at least one chargeable device of the one or more chargeable devices.
US08947037B2	Method for estimating a torque of a three-phase drive motor for a vehicle A method for estimating a torque of a three-phase motor for a vehicle includes measuring a respective current strength in at least two of three phase lines, wherein the three-phase motor is supplied with power by a converter, and wherein the three phase lines lead from the converter to the three-phase motor of the vehicle, measuring a respective voltage at each of the three phase lines, determining a rotating field frequency as a function of the measured current strengths or the measured voltages; and determining an estimated value for the torque as a function of the measured current strengths, the measured voltages and the determined rotating field frequency.
US08947030B2	Low switch count AC-to-AC power converter A load control device to control current flow to an AC load includes a circuit having line-side switches and floating-neutral side switches, along with a controller connected to the circuit that is programmed to control the circuit so as to cause each of the line-side switches and each of the floating-neutral side switches to switch between an On condition or an Off condition to selectively operate the circuit in an active mode and a free-wheeling mode. A full phase voltage is provided to the AC load during the active mode and a zero voltage is provided to the AC load during the free-wheeling mode. The controller applies a modulating function to the circuit, so as to modulate a supply voltage to control a frequency and an average of a load voltage present across terminals of the AC load, thereby enabling variable frequency operation of the AC load.
US08947027B2	High efficiency roller shade and method for setting artificial stops The present invention advantageously provides a motorized roller shade that includes a shade tube, a motor/controller unit and a power supply unit. The motor/controller unit is disposed within the shade tube, and includes a bearing, rotatably coupled to a support shaft, and a DC gear motor. The output shaft of the DC gear motor is coupled to the support shaft such that the output shaft and the support shaft do not rotate when the support shaft is attached to the mounting bracket.
US08947026B2	Self-propelled working machine with electrical drive system and processes for operating the same The present invention relates to a self-propelled working machine, especially in the form of a surface milling machine, such as asphalt-milling machine or snow-milling machine comprising a main operating unit and/or a drive unit, which is operable in a steady-state or near steady-state operating status and is drivable by a drive device comprising at least an electrical motor, the electrical motor being associated with a start-up including a frequency converter for the limitation of starting current. The invention also relates to a process for operating such a self-propelled working machine. According to the invention an operating circuit for steady-state operation is provided, comprising a jumper for bridging the frequency converter following starting or reaching steady-state operational status. Optionally, the jumper is switchable to activate or inactivate the frequency converter of the start-up circuit, respectively.
US08947024B2	Battery operated electric motor in a work apparatus An electric motor includes an arrangement of windings provided for driving the rotor, with the windings being connected to an energy source to develop torque which drives the rotor. The electric circuits of corresponding ones of the windings each have a potential point, the voltage (UL, UG) of which is supplied to an evaluation unit via an adaptation device. The adaptation device can be operated in two switchable adaptation stages and is connected to a drive circuit that operates in dependence upon the rotational position of the rotor. The drive circuit switches the adaptation device into the first stage having a high sensitivity or into the second stage having a low sensitivity in dependence upon the rotational position of the rotor of the motor, such that the number of required analog inputs at a microprocessor in the evaluation unit can be kept low.
US08947010B2	Dimmer decoder with low duty cycle handling for use with LED drivers A method includes receiving a sense signal having multiple pulses, where the sense signal is based on an output of a dimmer. The method also includes, for each of multiple sampling periods, (i) identifying a pulse duty cycle by sampling at least one pulse in the sense signal and calculating a duty cycle of the at least one pulse and (ii) generating an output value identifying a duty cycle for driving one or more LEDs. The output value is based on the pulse duty cycle. The method further includes generating a holding current for the dimmer (i) during the sampling of the at least one pulse in at least one of the sampling periods and (ii) when the pulse duty cycle is less than a specified threshold. The holding current can be applied continuously when the pulse duty cycle is less than the specified threshold (such as 15%).
US08947007B2	High efficiency inductor-less off-line LED driver The present document relates to providing power for driving SSL devices. A power converter converts a varying input voltage to supply an output voltage to a SSL device in series with a current source. The power converter comprises one or more capacitors; a plurality of switches to couple the capacitors in a plurality of configurations. A control unit operates the power converter in a plurality of operational modes providing a corresponding plurality of different conversion ratios between the input/output voltages. The operational modes comprise a first phase and a second phase, during which the capacitors are differently arranged. The control unit controls the switches to alternate between the phases at a commutation cycle rate. The control unit sets the operational mode based on the varying input voltage.
US08947005B2	Programmable lighting device A flashlight (1) having a control unit (4) with a push button (12) for activating the flashlight (1). The control unit (4) connects to a computer via USB port, whereby user-configurable control information is downloaded. A computer program running on the computer enables operating conditions of the flashlight to be selected by a user according to predetermined types of activation e.g. of the push button (12). The operating conditions are collated into operating instructions associated with the predetermined types of activation. The operating instructions are converted into byte code and downloaded to and stored on a memory in the control unit (4). Upon detecting a predetermined activation type, the control unit accesses the operating conditions and configures the flashlight accordingly.
US08946999B2	Light emitting device A light emitting device including a light emitting diode having a semiconductor body that generates electromagnetic radiation; a converter element downstream of the first light emitting diode which converts at least part of the electromagnetic radiation into first color light; a second light emitting diode having a semiconductor body that generates light of the first color; a radiation exit area from which the first color light emerges; and a drive circuit operating the second light emitting diode, wherein the converter element contains at least one luminescence conversion material that emits the first color light, as the operating duration of the first light emitting diode increases, intensity of the first color light emitted by the converter element decreases, the drive circuit controls the second light emitting diode dependent on at least one of measurement values: intensity of the first color light emitted by the converter element, temperature of the converter element, operating duration of the first light emitting diode, and color locus of the light emerging from the radiation exit area.
US08946998B2	LED-based light emitting systems and devices with color compensation A light emitting system comprises an LED-based light emitting device and a controller for controlling operation of the device. The device comprises at least two LEDs that are operable to generate light of different colors that contribute to the emission product of the device. The controller is operable to control light emission from the LEDs in response to the measured intensity of the first and second color light contributions in the emission product. To measure the individual light contributions the controller is operable to interrupt, or at least change, light emission from one LED for a selected time period and during this time period to measure the intensity of the emission product of the device. The intensity of light of the first and second color can be determined by comparing the measured intensity with the measured intensity when the light emission from the other LED is interrupted or changed.
US08946996B2	Light and light sensor An LED-based light tube for use in a conventional fluorescent fixture includes a housing including a light transmitting portion, at least one electrical connector attached to the housing and configured for engagement with the conventional fluorescent fixture, at least one LED arranged to produce light in a direction toward the light transmitting portion, a sensor operable to detect a brightness level and output a signal corresponding to the detected brightness level, and a controller in electrical communication with the at least one electrical connector, operable to: compare the signal to a predetermined value corresponding to a desired brightness level and control an amount of power provided to the at least one LED in response to the signal to adjust the light produced by the at least one LED to achieve the desired brightness level.
US08946986B2	Organic lighting device and lighting equipment An organic luminous means and an illumination device comprising such a luminous means are specified. An optical display apparatus, emergency lighting, motor vehicle interior lighting, an item of furniture, a construction material, a glazing and a display comprising such a luminous means and, respectively, comprising an illumination device having such a luminous means are furthermore specified.
US08946984B2	Electroluminescent device Disclosed are electroluminescent devices that comprise organic layers that contain dibenzofuran compounds. The compounds are suitable components of, for example, blue-emitting, durable, organo-electroluminescent layers. The electroluminescent devices may be employed for full color display panels in, for example, mobile phones, televisions and personal computer screens.
US08946980B2	Method for assembling a socket for a discharge lamp and discharge lamp A method for fitting a base for a discharge lamp is provided. The method may include providing a discharge lamp with an end region, on which an option is provided for making contact with an electrode located in the interior of the discharge vessel; applying material to the end region; positioning a base sleeve onto the end region with the material; and positioning a clamping ring onto the base sleeve; wherein the clamping ring is of the kind that has at least one bead.
US08946966B2	Electric rotating machine An electric rotating machine is provided. A tooth portion of a stator is divided into a first tooth portion and a second tooth portion that are movable relative to each other between a first position, in which a magnetic resistance between the first and second tooth portions is small, and a second position, in which the magnetic resistance is relatively large. In a state in which the second tooth portion is in the second position, a region from a stator yoke portion side end of a current-carrying winding disposed around the tooth portion to a rotor side end of a winding arrangeable region is divided into a first region and a second region. A current-carrying winding space factor in the first region is set to be relatively smaller than in the second region.
US08946965B2	Armature of electric motor and electric motor An armature of an electric motor includes a core and a winding. The core has a plurality of slots and a plurality of teeth formed between the slots. The winding is composed of a plurality of wires. The winding has a plurality of coil parts and connecting portions. The coil parts are inserted into the slots and wound around and across the teeth. The connecting portions connect the coil parts together. The winding has a twisted shape in the connecting portions.
US08946961B2	Motor with power-generating coil set A motor with power-generating coil set including a base, a rotor, a driving circuit and a power-storing unit is disclosed. The base has a shaft coupling portion and a supporting surface, wherein the supporting surface surrounds the shaft coupling portion, and a driving coil set and a power-generating coil set are disposed above the supporting surface. The rotor has a carrier, a shaft and a magnetic member, wherein the carrier has a coupling surface, the shaft rotatably couples with the shaft coupling portion of the base, and the magnetic member is mounted on the coupling surface and has a magnetic face facing the driving coil set and the power-generating coil set. The driving circuit electrically connects with and sends a driving signal to the driving coil set. The power-storing unit electrically connects with and stores electric power generated by the power-generating coil set.
US08946949B2	Electric power tool with an electronic cooling An electric power tool for processing a substrate is disclosed. The electric power tool includes a tool which is designed to be rotatable around a rotational axis, a motor assembly having at least one motor which rotates the tool around the rotational axis, a motor housing having at least one receiving area for the at least one motor, a cooling element for cooling the at least one motor, and an electronic assembly having at least one electronic component to be cooled. The cooling of the at least one electronic component to be cooled is carried out via the motor housing.
US08946946B2	Converter device and method for converting electrical power A converter device (for power conversion in e.g. a power plant such as a wind turbine is disclosed. An individual controller is provided for each phase of an electrical output power of the converter. If a voltage of one phase is indicated as being out of a predetermined voltage band, an active current of this phase is set to zero and optionally a reactive component of this phase is set to a value that depends on the indicated voltage.
US08946944B2	Toggle switch and variable actuator control The present invention is directed to a device for regulating an amount of electrical power provided to at least one electrical load, the device comprising a control circuit disposed in the housing and including at least one switch device movable between a first switch state and a second switch state. The control circuit further includes a power control element that has a power control actuator configured to adjust the amount of power provided to the at least one electrical load. A variable control actuator is accessible to the user via the control aperture and coupled to the power control actuator via a linkage structure. The linkage structure further includes a pin and channel arrangement configured to convert a user control action into a power control actuator adjustment by translating rotational motion into linear motion or linear motion into rotational motion.
US08946938B2	Safety systems for wireless energy transfer in vehicle applications A vehicle powering wireless receiver for use with a first electromagnetic resonator coupled to a power supply. The wireless receiver including a load configured to power the drive system of a vehicle using electrical power, a second electromagnetic resonator adapted to be housed upon the vehicle and configured to be coupled to the load, a safety system for to provide protection with respect to an object that may become hot during operation of the first electromagnetic resonator. The safety system including a detection subsystem configured to detect the presence of the object in substantial proximity to at least one of the resonators, and a notification subsystem operatively coupled to the detection subsystem and configured to provide an indication of the object, wherein the second resonator is configured to be wirelessly coupled to the first resonator to provide resonant, non-radiative wireless power to the second resonator from the first resonator.
US08946937B2	Switching circuits for extracting power from an electric power source and associated methods An integrated circuit chip includes a first input port, a first output port, and first and second transistors electrically coupled in series across the first input port. The second transistor is also electrically coupled across the first output port and is adapted to provide a path for current flowing through the first output port when the first transistor is in its non-conductive state. The integrated circuit chip additionally includes first driver circuitry for driving gates of the first and second transistors to cause the transistors to switch between their conductive and non-conductive states. The integrated circuit chip further includes first controller circuitry for controlling the first driver circuitry such that the first and second transistors switch between their conductive and non-conductive states to at least substantially maximize an amount of electric power extracted from an electric power source electrically coupled to the first input port.
US08946935B2	Method for reducing electromagnetic interference radiated from a power supply arrangement A method for reducing electromagnetic interference radiated from a power supply arrangement. A plurality of switching mode power supply units are connected to an external device. Each switching mode power supply unit includes a ground point. The radiated electromagnetic interference is reduced by synchronizing a switching frequency of each switching mode power supply unit, such that all of the synchronized switching mode power supply units have an identical switching frequency, thereby reducing the difference in electric potential between the ground points. A corresponding power supply arrangement.
US08946930B2	Uninterruptible power supply having an integrated transformer An interruptible power supply (UPS) has a surge cancellation and electromagnetic interference (EMI) prevention device, a charger, a battery set and a power converter. The power converter has multiple power switches, an integrated transformer and a controller. An input terminal of the surge cancellation and EMI prevention device is connected with the AC mains, and an output terminal is connected with the integrated transformer. The charger is connected with the battery set. The battery set is connected with the power switches. The integrated transformer has a primary side having a first winding and a second winding serially connected. The first and second windings respectively have multiple sub-windings. The first winding is connected with the power switches. The second winding is connected with a power output terminal and shares a part of the first winding, thereby decreasing turns of the windings and reducing the size and cost of the UPS.
US08946929B2	Method and apparatus for effective utilization of energy storage components within a microgid A method for effectively utilizing energy storage components within a microgrid may include the steps of connecting a first plurality of energy storage components to a DC bus through switches, connecting a second plurality of energy storage components to an AC bus through inverters, connecting controllers to the energy storage components, connecting a first plurality of the controllers to the DC bus to regulate bidirectional flow of energy between the DC bus and the first plurality of energy storage components and connecting a second plurality of the controllers to the AC bus to regulate bidirectional flow of energy between the AC bus and the second plurality of energy storage components. The controllers may be interconnected with a local energy storage system bus and controlled via a master microgrid controller connected to the local energy storage system bus. The controllers may have a state of charge and a state of health algorithm adapted to measure the state of charge and the state of health of the energy storage components under dynamic charge or discharge conditions.
US08946925B2	Operating module for an anti-theft lock and associated anti-theft lock The invention relates to an operating module for a vehicle anti-theft lock comprising a stator and a rotor that can be turned in the stator by a conforming key comprising an electronic identifier, the said module comprising a support (3) intended to be mounted on the stator and carrying an antenna (5) intended to be connected to an identification unit capable of authenticating the electronic identifier of the said key by exchanging signals, and authorizing the starting of the vehicle when an authorized identifier has been detected. According to the invention, the said support (3) further carries at least one contactless switch (7A, 7B) that can be switched by the rotor when the rotor is turned. The invention also relates to a vehicle anti-theft lock comprising a stator and a rotor that can be turned in the stator and comprising an operating module according to the invention.
US08946924B2	Load control system that operates in an energy-savings mode when an electric vehicle charger is charging a vehicle A load control system for a building having a lighting load, a window, a heating and cooling system, and an electric vehicle charger for charging a vehicle (e.g., an electric or hybrid vehicle) operates in an energy-savings mode to reduce the total power consumption of the load control system when the vehicle charger is presently charging the vehicle. The load control system may comprise a lighting control device for controlling the intensity of the lighting load, a daylight control device for adjusting the amount of natural light admitted through the window, and a temperature control device for controlling a setpoint temperature of the heating and cooling system to thus control a present temperature in the building. When the vehicle charger is presently charging the vehicle, the load control system automatically controls the lighting control device, the daylight control device, and the temperature control device to decrease the total power consumption of the load control system.
US08946917B2	Method for controlling power flow within a wind park system, controller, computer program and computer program products A method is provided for controlling power flow within a wind park system for power transmission to a main power grid, the wind park system including two or more parallel-connected island wind park grids. The method includes the steps of: controlling a first voltage source converter as a swing bus in frequency control, the frequency control including controlling frequency to a steady state reference operating point for operating points within a power dead band and by frequency droop control when exceeding an end point of the power dead band, and controlling at least a second voltage source converter in power control, the power control including controlling power flow to a steady state reference operating point for operating points within a frequency dead band and by power droop control when exceeding an end point of the frequency dead band. A controller and computer program product are also provided.
US08946916B2	Controlling a wind turbine to stabilize an electric grid A variable speed wind turbine is configured to provide additional electrical power to counteract non-periodic disturbances in an electrical grid. A controller monitors events indicating a need to increase the electrical output power from the wind turbine to the electrical grid. The controller is configured to control the wind turbine as follows: after an indicating event has been detected, the wind turbine enters an overproduction period in which the electrical output power is increased, wherein the additional electrical output power is taken from kinetic energy stored in the rotor and without changing the operation of the wind turbine to a more efficient working point. When the rotational speed of the rotor reaches a minimum value, the wind turbine enters a recovery period to re-accelerate the rotor to the nominal rotational speed while further contributing to the stability of the electrical grid by outputting at least a predetermined minimum electrical power.
US08946901B2	Microelectronic package and method of manufacture thereof A microelectronic assembly may include a substrate having an opening extending between first and second oppositely facing surfaces of the substrate, the opening elongated in a first direction; and at least one microelectronic element having a front face facing and attached to the first surface of the substrate and a plurality of contacts at the front face overlying the opening, the microelectronic element having first and second opposite peripheral edges extending away from the front face. The first peripheral edge extends beyond, or is aligned in the first direction with, an inner edge of the opening, and the opening extends beyond the second peripheral edge.
US08946892B2	Semiconductor package A semiconductor package includes a package substrate including a first wiring embedded in the package substrate, a second wiring embedded in the package substrate, the second wiring electrically insulated from the first wiring, and a capacitor embedded in the package substrate, the capacitor including a first electrode electrically connected to the first wiring and a second electrode electrically connected to the second wiring. At least a first semiconductor chip is disposed on the package substrate. A plurality of connection terminals are disposed between the package substrate and the first semiconductor chip and contact the package substrate, and form at least a first group of at least two connection terminals formed continuously adjacent to each other and electrically connected to the first wiring, and at least a second group of at least two connection terminals formed continuously adjacent to each other and electrically connected to the second wiring.
US08946889B2	Semiconductor module with cooling mechanism and production method thereof A semiconductor module is provided which includes a semiconductor unit which is made by a resin mold. The resin mold has formed therein a coolant path through which a coolant flows to cool a semiconductor chip embedded in the resin mold. The resin mold also includes heat spreaders, and electric terminals embedded therein. Each of the heat spreaders has a fin heat sink exposed to the flow of the coolant. The fin heat sink is welded to a surface of each of the heat spreaders through an insulator, thus minimizing an electrical leakage from the heat spreader to the coolant.
US08946886B1	Shielded electronic component package and method An electronic component package includes a substrate having a first surface, an electronic component mounted to the substrate, traces on the first surface, a terminal on the first surface, and a solder mask on the first surface. The solder mask includes a solder mask opening exposing the terminal. An electrically conductive coating and/or conductive coating feature is formed on the solder mask and extends into the solder mask opening to contact and be electrically connected to the terminal. The conductive coating may be grounded to shield the electronic component from electromagnetic interference (EMI). Further, the conductive coating provides a ground plane for the traces facilitating impedance matching of signals on the traces. In addition, the conductive coating has a high thermal conductivity thus enhancing heat dissipation from the electronic component. The conductive coating feature can be used as a conductive path to transmit electrical signals and/or to form circuit patterns that can be used as passive devices.
US08946878B2	Integrated circuit package-in-package system housing a plurality of stacked and offset integrated circuits and method of manufacture therefor An integrated circuit package-in-package system is provided including mounting first integrated circuits stacked in a first offset configuration over a die-attach paddle having a first edge and a second edge, opposing the first edge; connecting the first integrated circuits and a second edge lead adjacent the second edge; mounting second integrated circuits stacked in a second offset configuration, below and to the die-attach paddle; connecting the second integrated circuits and a first edge lead adjacent to the first edge; and encapsulating the first integrated circuits, second integrated circuits, and the die-attach paddle, with the first edge lead and the second edge lead partially exposed.
US08946873B2	Redistribution structures for microfeature workpieces Microfeature dies with redistribution structures that reduce or eliminate line interference are disclosed. The microfeature dies can include a substrate having a bond site and integrated circuitry electrically connected to the bond site. The microfeature dies can also include and a redistribution structure coupled to the substrate. The redistribution structure can include an external contact site configured to receive an electric coupler, a conductive line that is electrically connected to the external contact site and the bond site, and a conductive shield that at least partially surrounds the conductive line.
US08946872B2	Method for producing a semiconductor A method for producing a semiconductor includes providing a p-doped semiconductor body having a first side and a second side; implanting protons into the semiconductor body via the first side to a target depth of the semiconductor body; bonding the first side of the semiconductor body to a carrier substrate; forming an n-doped zone in the semiconductor body by heating the semiconductor body such that a pn junction arises in the semiconductor body; and removing the second side of the semiconductor body at least as far as a space charge zone spanned at the pn junction.
US08946871B2	Thermal improvement of integrated circuit packages An integrated circuit package comprising an active semiconductor device layer and at least one heat-transfer semiconductor layer on the active semiconductor device layer. The heat-transfer semiconductor layer has a coefficient of thermal expansion that substantially matches a coefficient of thermal expansion of the active semiconductor device layer.
US08946870B2	Semiconductor device and method of forming stepped interconnect layer for stacked semiconductor die A semiconductor die has a first semiconductor die mounted to a carrier. A plurality of conductive pillars is formed over the carrier around the first die. An encapsulant is deposited over the first die and conductive pillars. A first stepped interconnect layer is formed over a first surface of the encapsulant and first die. The first stepped interconnect layer has a first opening. A second stepped interconnect layer is formed over the first stepped interconnect layer. The second stepped interconnect layer has a second opening. The carrier is removed. A build-up interconnect structure is formed over a second surface of the encapsulant and first die. A second semiconductor die over the first semiconductor die and partially within the first opening. A third semiconductor die is mounted over the second die and partially within the second opening. A fourth semiconductor die is mounted over the second stepped interconnect layer.
US08946866B2	Microelectronic substrate having removable edge extension element An article including a microelectronic substrate is provided as an article usable during the processing of the microelectronic substrate. Such article includes a microelectronic substrate having a front surface, a rear surface opposite the front surface and a peripheral edge at boundaries of the front and rear surfaces. The front surface is a major surface of the article. A removable annular edge extension element having a front surface, a rear surface and an inner edge extending between the front and rear surfaces has the inner edge joined to the peripheral edge of the microelectronic substrate. In such way, a continuous surface is formed which includes the front surface of the edge extension element extending laterally from the peripheral edge of the microelectronic substrate and the front surface of the microelectronic substrate, the continuous surface being substantially co-planar and flat where the peripheral edge is joined to the inner edge.
US08946865B2	Gallium—nitride-on-handle substrate materials and devices and method of manufacture A gallium and nitrogen containing substrate structure includes a handle substrate member having a first surface and a second surface and a transferred thickness of gallium and nitrogen material. The structure has a gallium and nitrogen containing active region grown overlying the transferred thickness and a recessed region formed within a portion of the handle substrate member. The substrate structure has a conductive material formed within the recessed region configured to transfer thermal energy from at least the transferred thickness of gallium and nitrogen material.
US08946859B2	Device for detecting an attack in an integrated circuit chip An integrated circuit chip including a plurality of parallel wells of alternated conductivity types formed in the upper portion of a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type, and a device of protection against attacks including: between the wells, trenches with insulated walls filled with a conductive material, said trenches extending from the upper surface of the wells to the substrate; and a circuit capable of detecting a modification of the stray capacitance formed between said conductive material and a region of the chip.
US08946854B2	Metal-insulator-metal capacitor structure and method for manufacturing the same A metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor structure includes a first dielectric layer, a first damascene electrode layer, an insulating barrier layer, a second dielectric layer and a second damascene electrode layer. The first damascene electrode layer is formed in the first dielectric layer. The insulating barrier layer covers the first dielectric layer and the first damascene electrode layer, and is a single layer structure. The second dielectric layer is formed on the insulating barrier layer. The second damascene electrode layer is formed in the second dielectric layer and is contacted with the insulating barrier layer. The MIM capacitor structure can includes a dual damascene structure formed in the second dielectric layer and the insulating barrier layer and electrically connected to the first damascene electrode layer. A method for manufacturing the MIM capacitor structure is also provided.
US08946842B2	Method for manufacturing optical waveguide receiver and optical waveguide receiver A method for manufacturing an optical waveguide receiver includes the steps of growing first and second stacked semiconductor layer sections, the second stacked semiconductor layer section including a core layer and a cladding layer; forming a first mask including first and second portions; etching the first and second stacked semiconductor layer sections by using the first mask, the first and second stacked semiconductor layer sections covered with the first portion being etched in a mesa structure, the second stacked semiconductor layer section covered with the second portion being etched in a terrace-shaped structure; removing the second portion from the first mask with the first portion left; selectively etching the cladding layer until exposing a surface of the core layer; and sequentially forming a first metal layer, an insulating film, and a second metal layer on the core layer exposed in the step of selectively etching the cladding layer.
US08946829B2	Selective fin-shaping process using plasma doping and etching for 3-dimensional transistor applications A semiconductor apparatus includes fin field-effect transistor (FinFETs) having shaped fins and regular fins. Shaped fins have top portions that may be smaller, larger, thinner, or shorter than top portions of regular fins. The bottom portions of shaped fins and regular fins are the same. FinFETs may have only one or more shaped fins, one or more regular fins, or a mixture of shaped fins and regular fins. A semiconductor manufacturing process to shape one fin includes forming a photolithographic opening of one fin, optionally doping a portion of the fin, and etching a portion of the fin.
US08946815B2	Floating body transistor constructions, semiconductor constructions, and methods of forming semiconductor constructions The invention includes floating body transistor constructions containing U-shaped semiconductor material slices. The U-shapes have a pair of prongs joined to a central portion. Each of the prongs contains a source/drain region of a pair of gatedly-coupled source/drain regions, and the floating bodies of the transistors are within the central portions. The semiconductor material slices can be between front gates and back gates. The floating body transistor constructions can be incorporated into memory arrays, which in turn can be incorporated into electronic systems. The invention also includes methods of forming floating body transistor constructions, and methods of incorporating floating body transistor constructions into memory arrays.
US08946813B2	Switching element In a switching element, a first region that is exposed on an upper surface of a semiconductor substrate, a second region that is exposed on the upper surface of the substrate and extends to below the first region, and a third region that is formed below the second region, are formed on the substrate. A trench is formed in the upper surface of the substrate. A gate electrode has a first portion that extends from a depth of the first region to a depth of the third region at at least a portion in the trench formed in an area where the first region is exposed, and a second portion that is formed to a depth of the second region, and does not reach the depth of the third region, at at least a portion in the trench formed in an area where the second region is exposed.
US08946811B2	Body-tied, strained-channel multi-gate device and methods of manufacturing same A fin-FET or other multi-gate transistor is disclosed. The transistor comprises a semiconductor substrate having a first lattice constant, and a semiconductor fin extending from the semiconductor substrate. The fin has a second lattice constant, different from the first lattice constant, and a top surface and two opposed side surfaces. The transistor also includes a gate dielectric covering at least a portion of said top surface and said two opposed side surfaces, and a gate electrode covering at least a portion of said gate dielectric. The resulting channel has a strain induced therein by the lattice mismatch between the fin and the substrate. This strain can be tuned by selection of the respective materials.
US08946808B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor device includes word lines and interlayer insulating layers alternately stacked over a substrate, vertical channel layers protruding from the substrate and passing through the word lines and the interlayer insulating layers, a tunnel insulating layer surrounding each of the vertical channel layers, a charge trap layer surrounding the tunnel insulating layer, wherein first regions of the charge trap layer between the tunnel insulating layer and the word lines have a thickness smaller than a thickness of second regions thereof between the tunnel insulating layer and the interlayer insulating layers, and first charge blocking layer patterns surrounding the first regions of the charge trap layer.
US08946776B2	Semiconductor device with selectively etched surface passivation A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate configured to include a channel, a gate supported by the semiconductor substrate to control current flow through the channel, a first dielectric layer supported by the semiconductor substrate and including an opening in which the gate is disposed, and a second dielectric layer disposed between the first dielectric layer and a surface of the semiconductor substrate in a first area over the channel. The second dielectric layer is patterned such that the first dielectric layer is disposed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate in a second area over the channel.
US08946775B2	Nitride semiconductor structure A nitride semiconductor structure is provided. The nitride semiconductor structure at least includes a silicon substrate, a AlN layer, a AlGaN layer and a GaN layer formed on the AlGaN layer. The silicon substrate has a surface tilted at 0
US08946767B2	Monolithic semiconductor switches and method for manufacturing A semiconductor device and method are disclosed. One embodiment provides a semiconductor die with a first n-type channel FET and a second n-type channel FET. A source of the first n-type channel FET and a drain of the second n-type channel FET are electrically coupled to at least one contact area at a first side. A drain of the first n-type channel FET, a gate of the first n-type channel FET, a source of the second n-type channel FET and the gate of the second n-type channel FET are electrically coupled to contact areas at a second side. Contact areas of the first n-type channel FET and the second n-type channel FET are electrically separated from each other.
US08946766B2	Bi-directional silicon controlled rectifier structure Bi-directional silicon controlled rectifier device structures and design structures, as well as fabrication methods for bi-directional silicon controlled rectifier device structures. A well of a first conductivity type is formed in a device region, which may be defined from a device layer of a semiconductor-on-insulator substrate. An anode of a first silicon controlled rectifier is formed in the first well. A cathode of a second silicon controlled rectifier is formed in the first well. The anode of the first silicon controlled rectifier has the first conductivity type. The cathode of the second silicon controlled rectifier has a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type.
US08946762B2	Light emitting diode and light emitting diode package A light emitting diode includes a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second semiconductor layer sequentially stacked on a substrate, and a first electrode connected to the first semiconductor layer. The first electrode includes an edge electrode including first and second edge portions opposite to each other, and a line electrode including first and second line portions respectively extending from the first and second edge portions. The edge electrode has a closed loop-shape. A distance between the first line portion and the second edge portion is equal to or less than a quarter of a length of the first line portion. A distance between the second line portion and the first edge portion is equal to or less than a quarter of a length of the second line portion.
US08946754B2	Flexible hermetic thin film with light extraction layer A protected organic light emitting diode includes an organic light emitting diode structure formed on a substrate, a hermetic barrier layer formed over at least part of the organic light emitting diode structure, and a light extraction layer. The barrier layer may include a glass material such as a tin fluorophosphate glass, a tungsten-doped tin fluorophosphate glass, a chalcogenide glass, a tellurite glass, a borate glass or a phosphate glass. The light extraction layer, which may be formed over the barrier layer, includes a high refractive index matrix material and at least one of scattering particles dispersed throughout the matrix material and a roughened surface.
US08946750B2	Semiconductor light emitting device A semiconductor light emitting device includes a light emitting unit, a first and second conductive pillar, a sealing unit, a translucent layer, and a wavelength conversion layer. The light emitting unit includes a first and second semiconductor layer and a light emitting layer. The first semiconductor layer has a first and second major surface. The first major surface has a first and second portion. The second major surface is opposed the first major surface and has a third and fourth portion. The light emitting layer is provided on the first portion. The second semiconductor layer is provided on the light emitting layer. The first conductive pillar is provided on the second portion. The second conductive pillar is provided on the second semiconductor layer. The translucent layer is provided on the fourth portion. The wavelength conversion layer is provided on the third portion and on the translucent layer.
US08946749B2	Semiconductor light emitting device A semiconductor light emitting device includes a substrate having a wiring pattern formed thereon, and a semiconductor light emitting element mounted on one main surface of the substrate and electrically connected to the wiring pattern. The substrate has, on the one main surface, a serrated structure reflecting at least part of light emitted from said semiconductor light emitting element to the substrate, to a direction perpendicular to the one main surface.
US08946745B2	Supporting substrate for manufacturing vertically-structured semiconductor light-emitting device and semiconductor light-emitting device using the supporting substrate The present invention is related to a supporting substrate for manufacturing vertically-structured semiconductor light emitting device and a vertically-structured semiconductor light emitting device using the same, which minimize damage and breaking of a multi-layered light-emitting structure thin film separated from a sapphire substrate during the manufacturing process, thereby improving the whole performance of the semiconductor light emitting device.The supporting substrate for manufacturing the vertically-structured semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention comprises: a selected supporting substrate formed of a material having a difference of thermal expansion coefficient of 5 ppm or less from a sapphire substrate on which a multi-layered light-emitting structure thin film comprising a Group III-V nitride-based semiconductor is laminated; a sacrificial layer formed on the selected supporting substrate; a thick metal film formed on an upper part of the sacrificial layer; and a bonding layer formed on an upper part of the thick metal layer and formed of a soldering or brazing alloy material.
US08946737B2	Light emitting diode and manufacturing method thereof A light emitting diode (LED) includes a substrate, a buffer layer and an epitaxial structure. The substrate has a first surface with a patterning structure formed thereon. The patterning structure includes a plurality of projections. The buffer layer is arranged on the first surface of the substrate. The epitaxial structure is arranged on the buffer layer. The epitaxial structure includes a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer arranged on the buffer layer in sequence. The first semiconductor layer has a second surface attached to the active layer. A distance between a peak of each the projections and the second surface of the first semiconductor layer is ranged from 0.5 μm to 2.5 μm.
US08946731B2	OLED display with spalled semiconductor driving circuitry and other integrated functions Spalling is employed to generate a single crystalline semiconductor layer. Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic and memory devices are formed on a single crystalline semiconductor substrate prior to spalling. Organic light emitting diode (OLED) driving circuitry, solar cells, sensors, batteries and the like can be formed prior to, or after, spalling. The spalled single crystalline semiconductor layer can be transferred to a substrate. OLED displays can be formed into the spalled single crystalline semiconductor layer to achieve a structure including an OLED display with semiconductor driving circuitry and other functions integrated on the single crystalline semiconductor layer.
US08946728B2	Semiconductor light emitting device A semiconductor light emitting device includes: a light emission structure including a first conductive semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive semiconductor layer; and a wavelength conversion layer formed on at least a portion of a light emission surface of the light emission structure, made of a light-transmissive material including phosphor particles, and having a void therein. A semiconductor light emitting device includes: a light emission structure including a first conductive semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive semiconductor layer; and a wavelength conversion layer formed on at least a portion of a light emission surface of the light emission structure, made of a light-transmissive material including phosphor particles or quantum dots, and having a void therein.
US08946718B2	Semiconductor element and display device using the same A semiconductor having an active layer; a gate insulating film in contact with the semiconductor; a gate electrode opposite to the active layer through the gate insulating film; a first nitride insulating film formed over the active layer; a photosensitive organic resin film formed on the first nitride insulating film; a second nitride insulating film formed on the photosensitive organic resin film; and a wiring provided on the second, nitride insulating film. A first opening portion is provided in the photosensitive organic resin film, an inner wall surface of the first opening portion is covered with the second nitride insulating film, a second opening portion is provided in a laminate including the gate insulating film, the first nitride insulating film, and the second nitride insulating film inside the first opening portion, and the semiconductor is connected with the wiring through the first opening portion and the second opening portion.
US08946715B2	Information device Problems exist in areas such as image visibility, endurance of the device, precision, miniaturization, and electric power consumption in an information device having a conventional resistive film method or optical method pen input function. Both EL elements and photoelectric conversion elements are arranged in each pixel of a display device in an information device of the present invention having a pen input function. Information input is performed by the input of light to the photoelectric conversion elements in accordance with a pen that reflects light by a pen tip. An information device with a pen input function, capable of displaying a clear image without loss of brightness in the displayed image, having superior endurance, capable of being miniaturized, and having good precision can thus be obtained.
US08946710B2	Semiconductor device and electronic apparatus using the same A semiconductor device with high function, multifunction and high added value. The semiconductor device includes a PLL circuit that is provided over a substrate and outputs a signal with a correct frequency. By providing such a PLL circuit over the substrate, a semiconductor device with high function, multifunction and high added value can be achieved.
US08946691B2	Organic light-emitting display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate; an intermediate layer that is disposed on the pixel electrode and includes an organic light-emitting layer; a facing electrode disposed on the intermediate layer; and a thin film encapsulating layer disposed on the facing electrode, wherein the thin film encapsulating layer includes: a first inorganic film and a second inorganic film, which are disposed on the facing electrode; a first organic film that is disposed between the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film and has a first thickness; and a second organic film that is disposed on the second inorganic film and has a second thickness greater than the first thickness.
US08946688B2	Polycyclic ring-fused compound and organic thin film transistor utilizing the same A compound for an organic thin film transistor represented by the following formula (1):
US08946687B2	Organic light emitting display devices and methods of manufacturing organic light emitting display devices An organic light emitting display device is provided. Thin film transistors may be located on a substrate. An insulating interlayer having a first contact hole to a third contact hole may be disposed on the substrate. First electrodes electrically connecting the thin film transistors may be located on the insulating interlayer and sidewalls of the first to the third contact holes. A pixel defining layer may be disposed on the insulating interlayer, portions of the first electrodes and the sidewalls of the first to the third contact holes. Light emitting structures may be disposed on the first electrodes in pixel regions. A second electrode may be located on the light emitting structures. Planarization patterns may be disposed on the pixel defining layer to fill the first and the second contact holes. A spacer may be disposed on the pixel defining layer to fill the third contact hole.
US08946686B2	Organic EL display device with a multi-layered, resin-based planarization film An organic EL display device (10) includes: an insulating substrate (20); a first planarizing film (21) formed on the insulating substrate (20) and made of a resin; a first electrode (13) formed on the first planarizing film (21); an organic EL layer (17) formed on the first electrode (13); a second electrode (14) formed on the organic EL layer (17); and a second planarizing film (22) formed between the first electrode (13) and the first planarizing film (21), and covering the first planarizing film (21). The second planarizing film (22) is made of a resin having a lower hygroscopic property than the resin forming the first planarizing film (21).
US08946685B2	Method of making an organic thin film transistor A method of forming an organic thin film transistor the method comprising: seeding a surface outside a channel region with one or more crystallization sites prior to deposition of the organic semiconductor; depositing a solution of the organic semiconductor onto the seeded surface and over the channel region whereby the organic semiconductor begins forming a crystal domain at the or each of the crystallization sites, the or each crystal domain growing from its crystallization site across the channel region in a direction determined by an advancing surface evaporation front; and applying energy to control the direction and rate of movement of the surface evaporation front thereby controlling the direction and rate of growth of the or each crystal domain across the channel region from the one or more crystallization sites outside the channel region.
US08946675B2	Light emitting diode and method for manufacturing the same A light emitting diode includes a substrate, a first-type semiconductor layer, a nanorod layer and a transparent planar layer. The first-type semiconductor layer is disposed over the substrate. The nanorod layer is formed on the first-type semiconductor layer. The nanorod layer includes a plurality of nanorods and each of the nanorods has a quantum well structure and a second-type semiconductor layer. The quantum well structure is in contact with the first-type semiconductor layer, and the second-type semiconductor layer is formed on the quantum well structure. The transparent planar layer is filled between the nanorods. A surface of the second-type semiconductor layer is exposed out of the transparent planar layer.
US08946668B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same Disclosed is a semiconductor device including a resistive change element between a first wiring and a second wiring, which are arranged in a vertical direction so as to be adjacent to each other, with an interlayer insulation film being interposed on a semiconductor substrate. The resistive change element includes a lower electrode, a resistive change element film made of a metal oxide and an upper electrode. Since the upper electrode on the resistive change element film is formed as part of a plug for the second wiring, a structure in which a side surface of the upper electrode is not in direct contact with the side surface of the metal oxide or the lower electrode is provided so that it is possible to realize excellent device characteristics, even when a byproduct is adhered to the side wall of the metal oxide or the lower electrode in the etching thereof.
US08946666B2	Ge-Rich GST-212 phase change memory materials A phase change material comprises GexSbyTez, wherein a Ge atomic concentration x is within a range from 30% to 65%, a Sb atomic concentration y is within a range from 13% to 27% and a Te atomic concentration z is within a range from 20% to 45%. A Ge-rich family of such materials is also described. A memory device, suitable for integrated circuits, comprising such materials is described.
US08946664B2	Optical sensor device having wiring pattern within cavity housing optical sensor element A low-cost, compact, high-reliability optical sensor device has an optical sensor element mounted in a package comprised of a light shielding glass lid substrate, a part of which has a light filter function, adhered to a light shielding glass substrate having a cavity. In a through hole in the light shielding glass lid substrate, glass having a function of absorbing infrared light and transmitting visible light by its own property is embedded. The light shielding glass substrate is made of glass having light shielding property as its own property.
US08946658B2	Device for disturbing the operation of an integrated circuit A system for injecting faults by laser beams into an electronic circuit including: at least two lasers capable of emitting approximately parallel beams; at least one optical system receiving, on the magnifying side, the beams; and a support of the integrated circuit placed on the reducing side of the optical system.
US08946656B2	Methods and systems for radiation detection An apparatus for detecting ionizing radiation from a source. A detector is disposed relative to the source to receive the ionizing radiation. The ionizing radiation causes ionization and/or excitation in the detector, wherein an optical property of the detector is altered in response to the ionization and/or excitation. A source of coherent probing light is disposed relative to the detector to probe the detector. The detector outputs the probing light, wherein the output light is modulated in response to the altered optical property. A receiver receives the output light and detects modulation in the output light.
US08946655B2	Multiphoton luminescence imaging of protein crystals A method for detecting protein crystals comprises: illuminating a sample with a laser to produce multiphoton excitation; collecting an emission spectrum; and determining whether the sample comprises protein crystals.
US08946654B2	Method and apparatus for reading out image information stored in a storage phosphor of a storage medium A method for reading out image information stored in a storage phosphor of a storage medium includes moving a light beam over the storage medium. A luminescence signal is generated by the photostimulation of the storage phosphor. In first time intervals a respective output value is determined from the luminescence signal, and a respective pixel value of an image pixel of a digital image is determined from the output value. The output value is thereby determined by addition of a plurality of measurement values of the luminescence signal which are detected in second time intervals lying within the first time interval. A corresponding apparatus for carrying out the method is described as well.
US08946651B2	Multiple anode ion source An ion source is provided. The ion source comprises a first cylindrical anode and a second cylindrical anode. The first cylindrical anode is concentric with the second cylindrical anode. The ion source further comprises an electron source positioned within the first cylindrical anode or the second cylindrical anode.
US08946643B2	Virtual pixelated detector for pet and/or spect A slab detector for PET and/or SPECT imaging comprising a scintillation crystal slab and a plurality of photoconverters each in optical communication with a surface of the scintillation crystal. In some embodiments, the plurality of photoconverters define a two dimensional array, wherein each photoconverter abuts adjacent photoconverters. Furthermore, according to some embodiments a plurality of slab detectors can be juxtaposed with one another so that their slab crystals abut edgewise.
US08946638B2	Subpixel resolution by interpolation of crosstalk from adjacent pixels A pixel interconnect circuit that can be added to a focal plane array to enable subpixel location capability (subpixel sensing) for an imaged point source, facilitating very high frame rate operation. The pixel interconnect is typically added as a circuit component within the readout integrated circuit. The interconnect function can be turned on or off flexibly. It allows very low pixel count arrays, such as 128×128 pixels, to achieve the positional accuracy of multi-megapixel arrays. In turn, these small arrays can be clocked at very fast frame rates for enhanced threat and fast event detection. Existing systems can be upgraded by adding the pixel interconnect, which will greatly improve tracking and position accuracy without increasing data processing requirements. By modifying the focal plane while leaving other components unchanged, the pixel interconnect provides an economical upgrade for threat warning and tactical sensor systems.
US08946637B2	Compact fiber-based scanning laser detection and ranging system A system for short-range laser detection and ranging of targets can provides rapid three-dimensional, e.g., angle, angle, range, scans over a wide field-of-view. Except for the final transmit/receive lens, the disclosed LADAR system can be implemented in an all-fiber configuration. Such system is compact, low cost, robust to misalignment, and lends itself to eye-safe operation by making use of available pulsed 1550 nm fiber lasers and amplifier sources. The disclosed LADAR system incorporates many novel features that provide significant advantages compared to current LADAR systems. The disclosed system uses a monostatic fiber-based transmitter/receiver, a fiber beam scanner based on a laterally vibrating fiber, and a position sensor to monitor the transmitted beam position.
US08946629B2	Inspection apparatus An inspection apparatus includes: beam generation means for generating any of charged particles and electromagnetic waves as a beam; a primary optical system that guides the beam into an inspection object held in a working chamber and irradiates the inspection object with the beam; a secondary optical system that detects secondary charged particles occurring from the inspection object; and an image processing system that forms an image on the basis of the detected secondary charged particles. The primary optical system includes a photoelectron generator having a photoelectronic surface. The base material of the photoelectronic surface is made of material having a higher thermal conductivity than the thermal conductivity of quartz.
US08946618B2	System for detecting one or more predetermined optically derivable characteristics of a sample A field use optical grain characterizing system (101) includes a generally rectangular prismatic composite body (102) that defines a component cavity (103). A substantially vertical elongate channel (104) extends within cavity (103) for housing a grain sample (not shown). An electromagnetic radiation source, in the form of a 12 Volt halogen lamp (105), is disposed within cavity (103.) for directing NIR light into channel (104). An optical detection system (107) is disposed within cavity (103) for sensing selected light emerging from channel (104) and for providing a sensor signal. A processor, which is included within detection system (107), is also disposed within cavity (103) and is responsive to the sensor signal for providing data indicative of a characteristic parameter of the grain sample. A display device, in the form of a 5.7-inch touch screen LCD display (108), is connected with body (102) for selectively presenting the data.
US08946612B2	Image sensor with controllable vertically integrated photodetectors An image sensor includes front-side and backside photodetectors of a first conductivity type disposed in a substrate layer of the first conductivity type. A front-side pinning layer of a second conductivity type is connected to a first contact. The first contact receives a predetermined potential. A backside pinning layer of the second conductivity type is connected to a second contact. The second contact receives an adjustable and programmable potential.
US08946603B2	Drain/fill fitting An aircraft drain/fill fitting includes a housing adapted for being fitted into an opening between an aircraft interior and an aircraft exterior. The housing has an interior housing segment fluidly coaxially communicating with an exterior housing segment to define a liquid flow path therethrough, and a heater for applying heat to the interior housing segment. A hollow insert element is positioned in the interior housing segment in heat transfer contact with an inner wall of the interior housing segment. An elongate heat transfer probe is positioned in heat transfer contact with the hollow insert element and extends into the exterior housing segment to reduce the incidence of freezing of liquid in the exterior housing segment.
US08946602B2	Convection system and baffle for oven An oven includes an oven chamber having a cavity at least partially defined by a door, a pair of side walls, and a rear wall; a baffle extending lengthwise between the pair of side walls, the baffle having an arcuate shape along at least a portion of its length; a heating element located between the baffle and the rear wall; and a first tangential fan configured to direct air over the heating element and through the baffle. The distance between the baffle and the rear wall is greater near the sidewalls than at the midpoint between the side walls.
US08946601B2	Exposed structure heating apparatus and methods of making and use An apparatus for heating structure or areas adjacent such structure, such as a roof on a building for example, exposed to varying weather conditions and methods of making and use of the apparatus. The heating apparatus can include a heating element and heat supplying components. In one embodiment, the heating apparatus also includes a heatable cover panel and fasteners or other fastening components or materials for securing the heating element and cover panel to the structure. The heat supplying components may include one or more heater cable or heater cable sections penetrating one or more heater cable channels in the heating element. The apparatus may also utilize various insulating and other materials, including paint on exposed surfaces of the apparatus.
US08946599B2	Electric heating device The invention under consideration relates to an electric heating device for heating a flowing medium with a housing, in which the at least one electric heating element of the electric heating device is held securely and fully shielded from the medium held in the circulation chamber by a separating wall that divides the housing into a heating chamber and a circulation chamber. The circulation chamber has inlet openings and outlet openings for introducing and removing, respectively, the medium. The heating element is preferably a PTC heating element and is held by means of a clamping force in a recess formed by the separating wall, said recess preferably projecting into the circulation chamber. The invention furthermore relates to a recuperator for converting electrical energy into thermal energy, particularly for an electric drive in a vehicle.
US08946590B2	Methods for laser scribing and separating glass substrates Methods of forming scribe vents in a strengthened glass substrate having a compressive surface layer and an inner tension layer are provided. In one embodiment, a first and second defect is formed to partially expose the inner tension layer. A first scribe vent may be generated in a first scribing direction by translating a laser beam and a cooling jet on a surface of the strengthened glass substrate at a first scribing speed. A second scribe vent intersecting the first scribe vent may be generated in a second scribing direction by translating the laser beam and the cooling jet on the surface of the strengthened glass substrate at a second scribing speed that is greater than the first scribing speed. The defects may be perpendicular to the scribing directions. In another embodiment, the first scribe vent may be fused at an intersection location prior to generating the second scribe vent.
US08946585B2	Method for the manufacture of a cutting tool A method for the manufacture of a cutting tool provided with a tool holder (1) to which a cutter (2) is separably attached, includes applying a generative production process to a tool base body (3) to create the tool holder (1) with a desired finished shape.
US08946582B1	System and method for metal powder welding A system and method for submerged arc metal powder welds includes modular programmable control of: a) a weld torch, and the position of the welding wire(s) from the torch traveling within a weld cavity, b) the rate of metal powder and welding flux added to the weld cavity ahead of the weld torch, c) the matching ratio between of metal powder and welding wire within the weld cavity, and d) a square wave welding torch power supply. An embodiment includes a controlled column and boom manipulator with up to six axes of motion and controlled motorized slide assemblies for single or multi-pass welds. A method of use is also disclosed.
US08946581B2	Switchgear The switchgear includes a vacuum circuit breaker that is disposed in a circuit breaker chamber compartmented by a grounded metal plate, a busbar that is disposed in a busbar chamber and connected to the vacuum circuit breaker through a conductor, a cable that is disposed in a cable chamber and connected at one end to a load side, and a grounding device that is operated by a grounding device actuator disposed in a grounding device actuator chamber, connected to the vacuum circuit breaker through a conductor, and connected to the other end of the cable. The busbar is formed by a solid-insulated busbar. The conductor connecting the vacuum circuit breaker to the busbar and the conductor connecting the vacuum circuit breaker to the grounding device are both formed by a solid-insulated conductor. The circuit breaker chamber and the grounding device have a sealed structure.
US08946579B2	Touch panel A touch panel includes an upper substrate having insulating property, an upper conductive layer on a lower surface of the upper substrate, an intermediate layer on a lower surface of the upper conductive layer, an upper electrode on a lower surface of the intermediate layer, a lower conductive layer facing the upper conductive layer with a predetermined gap interposed between the conductive layers, a lower electrode on an upper surface of the lower conductive layer, and a lower substrate on a lower surface of the lower conductive layer and having insulating property. The upper and lower electrodes contain 70 wt. % to 98 wt. % of conductive metal. The intermediate layer contains a resin and 40 wt. % to 90 wt. % of carbon and has a thickness ranging from 1 μm to 50 μm. The touch panel has resistance to environment and is applicable to a large size.
US08946578B2	Touch panel and a manufacturing method thereof The present disclosure relates to a touch technology, and more particularly, to a touch panel and a manufacturing method thereof. The present invention discloses a touch panel comprising a touch region, a first peripheral region at the first side of said touch region, a second peripheral region at the second side opposite to said first side, a plurality of first axial electrodes and second axial electrodes that intersect with each other diagonally to limit peripheral routing in the two peripheral regions, a plurality of peripheral first lead-wires disposed at the first peripheral region, and a plurality of second lead wares disposed at the second peripheral region. A manufacturing method of a touch panel is also provided.
US08946573B2	Key assembly, rotary input device using the key assembly, and electronic device using the rotary input device A key assembly including a base; a central button portion disposed on the base to move between a remote position and an adjacent position with respect to the base, and including a protrusion that protrudes outward along an edge of the central button portion; and a rotary button portion combined with the base, including a hole for externally exposing at least a portion of a side of the central button portion, rotatably disposed on outer side of the central button portion, and including a suppressing portion that is formed on an inner side of the hole to correspond to the protrusion to suppress movement of the central button portion in a direction away from the base. A rotary input device including the key assembly, and an electronic device including the rotary input device.
US08946572B2	Rotary switch A rotary switch includes a base forming a number of contacts, a support apparatus installed in the base, and a rotary apparatus rotatably installed in the support apparatus. The support apparatus forms zigzag first and second guiding portions. The rotary apparatus includes a rotary pole, a trigger mounted to the rotary pole, two abutting poles, and two resilient members respectively connected between two opposite ends of the rotary pole and the abutting poles. An end portion of each abutting pole slides along the first guiding portion, to allow the abutting poles to stretch and withdraw along a lengthwise direction of the rotary pole, and allow the abutting poles to undulate along the second guiding portion in a direction perpendicular to the lengthwise direction of the rotary pole, to allow the rotary pole to contact and trigger one of the contacts or pass over the contact.
US08946571B2	Digital multimeter having improved rotary switch assembly A multimeter includes a case having a rotary selector knob for selecting a multimeter function. A circuit board defining multiple switching terminals thereon is located in the case. A rotary switch assembly is operatively coupled to the selector knob. The rotary switch assembly has a plurality of contact pairs which selectively complete a galvanic connection across predetermined pairs of switching terminals. The rotary switch assembly further includes first and second switch members located in opposition on respective sides of the circuit board. Each of the switch members has at least one of the contact pair.
US08946565B2	Electrical junction box An electrical junction box is provided which has a novel structure that enables connectors to be stably connected even when an L-shaped connecting terminal is used as a connecting terminal of a lateral connection type connector. An upward extending portion (92) extending upright from an internal circuit (87) of a connecting terminal (90) is sandwiched by a housing (114) of a lateral connection type connector (128) and a terminal support (42), a first lateral support rib (64a) is provided on the terminal support (42), a second lateral support rib (64b) is provided on the housing (114), and a connecting portion (93) of the connecting terminal (90) is sandwiched by the pair of lateral support ribs (64a) and (64b) from both sides in the width direction.
US08946547B2	Backplane reinforcement and interconnects for solar cells Fabrication methods and structures relating to backplanes for back contact solar cells that provide for solar cell substrate reinforcement and electrical interconnects are described. The method comprises depositing an interdigitated pattern of base electrodes and emitter electrodes on a backside surface of a semiconductor substrate, forming electrically conductive emitter plugs and base plugs on the interdigitated pattern, and attaching a backplane having a second interdigitated pattern of base electrodes and emitter electrodes at the conductive emitter and base plugs to form electrical interconnects.
US08946531B2	Spring force adjustment structure in high-hat stand and high-hat stand including the spring force adjustment structure To provide a spring force adjustment structure in a high-hat stand that allows a user to easily adjust a spring force with one hand without reducing a floor space, easily understand the amounts of adjustments made, easily estimate the amount of adjustment to be made when making a fine-tuning afterward, and easily return the spring force to the state before the adjustment.
US08946529B2	Top mounted tremolo and tuning apparatus A tremolo and tuning apparatus is provided for a stringed musical instrument. The apparatus includes a mounting frame configured for mounting on the surface of the body of the instrument, an attachment post secured to the body, a base plate pivotally mounted with respect to the attachment post and having a surface adapted to receive a force, a mounting assembly mounted on the base plate for holding a string of the instrument, and a first resilient member assembly for engagement with the mounting frame outside the body of the instrument and supplying a stabilizing force to the base plate against a tension force in the string. The apparatus includes a second resilient member assembly configured to be engaged with the mounting frame outside the body of the instrument and to supply a force to the base plate surface adapted to receive the force.
US08946527B2	Variety corn line FF6788 The present invention provides an inbred corn line designated FF6788, methods for producing a corn plant by crossing plants of the inbred line FF6788 with plants of another corn plant. The invention further encompasses all parts of inbred corn line FF6788, including culturable cells. Additionally provided herein are methods for introducing transgenes into inbred corn line FF6788, and plants produced according to these methods.
US08946517B1	Soybean variety XBP49013 A novel soybean variety, designated XBP49013 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XBP49013, cells from soybean variety XBP49013, plants of soybean XBP49013, and plant parts of soybean variety XBP49013. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XBP49013 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic trait, a mutant trait, and/or a native trait into soybean variety XBP49013, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XBP49013, and methods of characterizing soybean variety XBP49013. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XBP49013 are further provided.
US08946516B2	Soybean variety A1037473 The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1037473. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1037473. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1037473 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1037473 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.
US08946506B2	Plants having tomato torrado virus resistance The present invention relates to a tomato plant having within its genome at least one allele of a gene that confers resistance to Tomato torrado virus (ToTV), said virus having been deposited with the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH on 24 Nov. 2004 under depositors reference number ToTV-E01 (DSM 16999).
US08946499B2	Systems, methods and materials for delivery and debonding on demand Various systems, methods and materials are disclosed that enable efficient delivery of an agent into an adhesively adhered article, in which the agent elicits a desired outcome, on demand. This strategy, though general in scope, is also more specifically described with regard to enabling painless or atraumatic removal of products adhering to mammalian tissues such as skin and hair by suitably exploiting the ingress of an appropriate agent or like fluid. Other techniques and articles that aid in the handling or removal of such adhesive products are also disclosed.
US08946498B2	Apparatus and method for the granulation of radioactive waste, and vitrification method thereof An apparatus and method for the granulation of radioactive waste in which a preprocessing method for the vitrification of radioactive waste is simplified to conform to onsite conditions of a nuclear power plant, additives are improved, and pellets suitable for vitrification are manufactured. The apparatus for the granulation of radioactive waste includes: a body frame having an inlet and an outlet; a hopper supplying the radioactive waste to be transferred and fed through the inlet; a feeder transferring/supplying the radioactive waste supplied to a specific position and in a certain quantity; a stirrer pulverizing/mixing lumps of the radioactive waste supplied; an additive supply part supplying a lubricant to the radioactive waste fed into the stirrer; and a pellet press pressing the radioactive waste fed through the feeder into a pellet shape and discharging the pellet through the outlet.
US08946497B1	UZM-39 aluminosilicate zeolite A new family of coherently grown composites of TUN and IMF zeotypes have been synthesized. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula. NanMmk+TtAl1-xExSiyOz where “n” is the mole ratio of Na to (Al+E), M represents a metal or metals from zinc, Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and or the lanthanide series of the periodic table, “m” is the mole ratio of M to (Al+E), “k” is the average charge of the metal or metals M, T is the organic structure directing agent or agents, and E is a framework element such as gallium. These zeolites are similar to TNU-9 and IM-5 but are characterized by unique compositions and synthesis procedures and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for carrying out various separations.
US08946494B2	Method for processing biomass A method for processing biomass to produce biofuel includes decomposing lignocellulosic material into byproduct polymers that include lignin, decomposing the lignin into targeted chemical fragments, and chemically converting the targeted chemical fragments into a biofuel.
US08946492B2	Isoxazoline-substituted benzamide compound and pesticide A substituted alkenylbenzene compound of formula (4): wherein X1 is selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, —SF5, C1-C6haloalkyl, hydroxy C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6alkoxy C1-C6haloalkyl, C3-C8halocycloalkyl, C1-C6haloalkoxy, C1-C3haloalkoxy C1-C3haloalkoxy, C1-C6haloalkylthio, C1-C6haloalkylsulfinyl and C1-C6haloalkylsulfonyl; X3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, cyano, nitro, C1-C6alkyl, C1-C6haloalkyl, C1-C6alkoxy and C1-C6alkylthio; X4 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, cyano, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy and C1-C4haloalkoxy; R3 is —C(R3a)(R3b)R3c, where R3a and R3b independently of each other are a halogen atom, or R3a and R3b together form 3- to 6-membered ring together with the carbon atom bonding them by forming a C2-C5haloalkylene chain, and R3c is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-C5alkyl, C1-C5haloalkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy and C1-C4haloalkylthio, with a proviso that in case where X1 is a fluorine atom, chlorine atom or trifluoromethyl, and both X2 and X3 are a hydrogen atom, in case where both X1 and X2 are fluorine atom and X3 is a hydrogen atom, and in case where both X1 and X2 are trifluoromethyl and X3 is a hydrogen atom, R3c is a hydrogen atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, C1-C5alkyl, C1-C5haloalkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy or C1-C4haloalkylthio.
US08946484B2	Method for producing phenol and/or cyclohexanone In a process for producing phenol and cyclohexanone a feed comprising cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide and water in an amount from 1 to 15,000 ppm, based upon total weight of feed, is contacted with a cleavage catalyst comprising an aluminosilicate of the FAU type under cleavage conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide into phenol and cyclohexanone.
US08946483B2	Precursor compounds and methods for making same The present invention relates to a method of obtaining radiopharmaceutical precursors, and in particular precursors to protected amino acid derivatives, which are used as precursors for production of radiolabelled amino acids for use in in vivo imaging procedures, such as positron emission tomography (PET).
US08946482B2	Salts of rasagiline and pharmaceutical preparations thereof The present invention relates to salts of rasagiline and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. The invention further provides a method of preparing the salts of rasagiline.
US08946479B2	Process for preparation of 4-fluoro-α-[2methyl-l-oxopropyl]-γ-oxo—N—β-diphenylbenzene butane amide A process for preparation of 4-fluoro-α-[2-methyl-1-oxopropyl]-γ-oxo-N-β-diphenylbenzene butane amide also known as a diketone intermediate of atorvastatin, completely devoid of impurities 3,4-difluoro-α-[2-methyl-1-oxopropyl]-γ-oxo-n-β-diphenylbenzene butane amide; methyl, 2{-2[-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-1-phenylethyl)]}-4-methyl-3-oxo pentanoate; 1,4-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-2,3-diphenylbutane-1,4-dione, 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenyl ethanone; 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-phenyl ethanone and containing about 0.05% or less of 2-methyl-1-oxopropyl]-γ-oxo-N-β-diphenylbenzene butane amide. In that process the said diketone intermediate of formula 1 is obtained by maintaining temperature −25° C. to 50° C. during Friedel-Crafts acylation, in situ halogenation of formula II in presence of a solvent and nucleophilic substitution from a compound of formula III with formula IV in presence of a base.
US08946473B2	Methods of making L-ornithine phenyl acetate Disclosed herein are processes for making L-ornithine phenyl acetate. The process may include, for example, inter-mixing a halide salt of L-ornithine with silver phenyl acetate. The process may also include forming a phenyl acetate salt in situ. The present application also relates to various compositions obtained from these processes, including crystalline forms.
US08946449B2	Photoinitiators Novel photoinitiators provide for polyurethane formation, in which a photoinitiator moiety and a tertiary amine are incorporated into the photoinitiator structure, and thus the polyurethane polymer.
US08946444B2	Tetrahydrocarbazoles as active agents for inhibiting VEGF production by translational control The present invention relates to methods, compounds, and compositions for inhibiting angiogenesis. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods, compounds, and compositions for inhibiting VEGF production.
US08946439B2	Amide compounds, compositions and uses thereof Compounds are provided according to formula 1: where A, B, W, X′, L, R1, R3, R4b, and m′ are as defined herein. Provided compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for the prevention and treatment of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, including by way of non-limiting example, pain, inflammation, cognitive disorders, anxiety, depression, and others.
US08946423B2	Highly soluble salt of pyrroloquinoline quinone and method for producing the same An object of the present invention is to provide a salt of pyrroloquinoline quinone having a high solubility in water and in an organic solvent and a method for producing the same. According to the present invention, there are provided an ammonium salt of pyrroloquinoline quinone having a high solubility in water and in an organic solvent, consisting of a pyrroloquinoline quinone ion and an ammonium salt having a hydroxyl group.
US08946422B2	8-methoxy-9H-isothiazolo[5,4-B]quinoline-3,4-diones and related compounds as anti-infective agents The invention provides compound and salts of Formula I and II, disclosed herein, which includes compounds of Formula A and Formula B: Such compounds possess useful antimicrobial activity. The variables R2, R3, R5, R6, R7, and R9 shown in Formula A and B are defined herein. Certain compounds of Formula I and Formula II disclosed herein are potent and/or selective inhibitors of bacterial DNA synthesis and bacterial replication. The invention also provides antimicrobial compositions, including pharmaceutical compositions, containing one or more compounds of Formula I or Formula II and one or more carriers, excipients, or diluents. Such compositions may contain a compound of Formula I or Formula II as the only active agent or may contain a combination of a compound of Formula I or Formula II and one or more other active agents. The invention also provides methods for treating microbial infections in animals.
US08946416B2	Process for the synthesis of 5-(methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-benzeneamine The present invention provides a new method of making compounds of formula (I): wherein R1 is mono- or polysubstituted aryl; R2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or aryl; and R4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or halogen.
US08946405B2	Controlled release from solid supports The invention relates to solid supports useful in medical applications that provide controlled release of drugs, such as peptides, nucleic acids and small molecules. The drugs are covalently coupled to the solid support through a linkage that releases the drug or a prodrug through controlled beta elimination.
US08946395B1	Purification of proteins using hydrophobic interaction chromatography The present invention is directed to methods for purifying a protein of interest, e.g., an antibody, from a sample comprising the protein of interest and at least one impurity, e.g., an aggregate, by employing a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) method that allows for binding of both the protein of interest and the at least one impurity under strong binding conditions. The present invention is based, at least in part, on the finding that both flow through and bind-elute techniques can be combined to achieve greater purification and recovery of a protein of interest, e.g., an antibody, under isocratic wash conditions and strong binding conditions.
US08946389B2	Compositions and methods for multiplex biomarker profiling Provided herein are compositions and methods for identifying or quantitating one or more analytes in sample. The composition can comprise an affinity molecule reversibly conjugated to a label moiety via a double-stranded nucleic acid linker or via an adaptor molecule. The affinity molecule and the label moiety can be linked to different strands of the double-stranded nucleic acid linker. Compositions can be used in any biological assays for detection, identification and/or quantification of target molecules or analytes, including multiplex staining for molecular profiling of individual cells or cellular populations. For example, the compositions can be adapted for use in immunofluorescence, fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, western blot, and the like.
US08946379B2	Bladder cancer specific ligand peptides The present invention is directed to bladder cancer specific ligand peptides, comprising the amino acid sequence X1DGRX5GF (SEQ ID NO:1), and methods of their use, e.g., for imaging detection for diagnosis of bladder, tumor localization to guide transurethral resection of bladder cancer, imaging detection of bladder cancer for follow-up after the initial treatment that can replace or complement costly cystoscopy, imaging detection of metastatic bladder cancer, and targeted therapy for superficial and metastatic bladder cancer.
US08946376B2	Semiconductors based on diketopyrrolopyrroles The present invention relates to 1,4-diketopyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (DPP) derivatives of the below formula to their manufacture; to their use as organic semiconductors, e.g. in semiconductor devices, especially a sensor, a diode, a photodiode, an organic field effect transistor, a transistor for flexible displays, and/or a solar cell (photovoltaic cell); to such semiconductor devices comprising diketopyrrolopyrrol derivatives of the formula I as a semiconducting effective means, and to devices containing said semiconductor devices. The compounds of the formula I have excellent solubility in organic solvents. High efficiency of energy conversion, excellent field-effect mobility, good on/off current ratios and/or excellent stability can be observed, when said compounds are used in semiconductor devices or organic photovoltaic (PV) devices.
US08946371B2	Photo-patternable dielectric materials curable to porous dielectric materials, formulations, precursors and methods of use thereof Silsesquioxane polymers that cure to porous silsesquioxane polymers, silsesquioxane polymers that cure to porous silsesquioxane polymers in negative tone photo-patternable dielectric formulations, methods of forming structures using negative tone photo-patternable dielectric formulations containing silsesquioxane polymers that cure to porous silsesquioxane polymers, structures containing porous silsesquioxane polymers and monomers and method of preparing monomers for silsesquioxane polymers that cure to porous silsesquioxane polymers.
US08946367B2	Polymerizable carbamate and thiocarbamate compounds, polymers derived from them, and compositions thereof Carbamate and thiocarbamate compounds are described that comprise a polymerizable moiety and one or more free hydroxyl and/or thiol groups. Polymers may be obtained by polymerizing these carbamate and/or thiocarbamate compounds. The carbamate and thiocarbamate compounds, as well as the polymers they produce may be formulated into adhesive, agricultural, biocide, cleaning, coating, encapsulation, membrane, oilfield, performance chemical, and personal care compositions.
US08946365B2	Low molecular weight polystyrene resin and methods of making and using the same A low z-average molecular weight, high softening point polystyrene resin having a narrow molecular weight distribution, as well as methods of making and using the same, are provided. The use of an inert solvent and/or the order of addition of reactants during polymerization may contribute to the unique properties of the final homopolymeric resin. The polystyrene resin can be partially or fully hydrogenated and may have particular use as a tackifying agent in a variety of hot melt adhesive and rubber compositions.
US08946364B2	Solution phase polydiacetylene synthesis by alkyne metathesis The present disclosure provides compositions for alkyne metathesis catalysts and methods for preparing enediynes and alkyne metathesis catalysts. The disclosure also provides methods for catalyzing alkyne metathesis reactions and polymerization of enediyne substrates to polydiacetylenes in solution-phase.
US08946355B2	Hydroxyaryl functionalized polymers A functionalized polymer includes the reaction product of a reactive polymer and a compound that includes an aryl group having at least one directly bonded OGp substituent, where Gp is a protecting group, and a substituent (Q) which is free of active hydrogen atoms and which is, or connects to the aryl group through, a moiety that includes a carbon-to-nitrogen multiple bond. The polymer can be provided from a solution that includes one or more types of ethylenically unsaturated monomers which include at least one type of polyene, particularly one or more conjugated dienes in certain embodiments. An active terminus of the resulting reactive polymer can react with the Q substituent of the compound so as to provide a polymer having as a terminal functionality the radical of a compound that includes an aryl group having at least one directly bonded OGp substituent.
US08946349B2	Rubber composition and process for production thereof, and tire A rubber composition that can be used in applications such as automotive tires and can improve the fuel efficiency performance and driving stability of automobiles and the like, a method for producing a rubber composition, and a tire using the same are provided.A rubber composition comprising: (A) a conjugated diene rubber which is obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or polymerizing a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound and has a group having an active hydrogen and a group capable of chemically binding to a silica, (B) a silica, (C) a silane coupling agent (I) capable of reacting with a carbon-carbon double bond of the conjugated diene in the conjugated diene rubber, and (D) a silane coupling agent (II) capable of reacting with the group having an active hydrogen; a method for producing a rubber composition, which comprises mixing the above-mentioned composition; and a tire which is obtained by crosslinking and molding the rubber composition obtained by the method for production.
US08946344B2	Curable resin compositions, coatings, and laminated plastics including the same The present invention provides a curable resin composition including: a composite resin (A) in which a polysiloxane segment (a1), which has a structural unit represented by a general formula (1) and/or a general formula (2) as well as having a silanol group and/or a hydrolyzable silyl group, and a vinyl-based polymer segment (a2) having an alcoholic hydroxyl group are bound to each other through a bond represented by a general formula (3); and a polyisocyanate (B), wherein the content of said polysiloxane segment (a1) is from 10 to 60% by weight with respect to the total solid content of the curable resin composition, and the content of the polyisocyanate (B) is from 5 to 50% by weight with respect to the total solid content of the curable resin composition.
US08946342B2	Random mat and fiber-reinforced composite material There is provided a random mat of the present invention including: reinforcing fibers having an average fiber length of 5 to 100 mm; and a thermoplastic resin, wherein a fiber areal weight of the reinforcing fibers is from 25 to 3,000 g/m2, for a reinforcing fiber bundle (A) including the reinforcing fibers equivalent to or more than a critical single fiber number defined by formula (1), a ratio of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) to a total amount of the reinforcing fibers in the mat is from 30 vol % to less than 90 vol %, and an average number (N) of the reinforcing fibers in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) satisfies formula (2): Critical single fiber number=600/D (1) 0.7×104/D2
US08946341B2	Polymer compositions comprising poly(arylether ketone)s and graphene materials Polymer compositions comprising poly(aryl ether ketone)s and graphene materials. In particular, a polymer composition comprising: A) a poly(arylether ketone) and B) 0.1 to 70 wt. %, based on the combined weight of A) and B), of at least one non-tubular graphene material. Use of such polymer compositions for the manufacture of molded or extruded articles. Molded or extruded articles made from such polymer compositions.
US08946338B2	Aqueous silicon dioxide dispersions for sealant and adhesive formulations The invention relates to aqueous dispersions, characterized in that they comprise (c) at least one aqueous silicon dioxide dispersion with a mean particle diameter of the SiO2-particles of 1 to 400 nm and (d) at least one water-soluble hydroxyl-containing organic compound, to a process for their preparation and to their use in adhesive and coating formulations.
US08946336B2	Hydrotalcite-type particles, heat retaining agent for agriculture films, master batch for agricultural films, and agricultural film The present invention relates to a heat retaining agent for agricultural films comprising hydrotalcite-type particles which can satisfy all of a transparency required for heat retaining agents for agricultural films, dispersibility in resins, and handling property at a high level. According to the present invention, there are provided hydrotalcite-type particles having an oil absorption of not more than 35 mL/100 g and a ratio of an oil absorption to a plate surface diameter (oil absorption/plate surface diameter) of 140 to 190; a heat retaining agent for agricultural films comprising the hydrotalcite-type particles; and an agricultural film comprising the heat retaining agent for agricultural films.
US08946332B2	Flow enhanced thermoplastic compositions and methods for enhancing the flow of thermoplastic compositions A composition that contains from 30 to 95 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition, of a thermoplastic component and an effective amount of a flow-enhancing component. The effective amount of the flow-enhancing component reduces the viscosity of the composition by at least 10% compared to the viscosity of a composition comprising the thermoplastic component, but not an effective amount of the flow-enhancing component. The thermoplastic component is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonates, polyesters, and combinations thereof. The flow-enhancing component comprises b1) a component selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, metalloid oxides, metal alkoxides, metalloid alkoxides, and combinations thereof and b2) a mineral filler component. The weight ratio of component b1) to component b2) ranges from 1:25 to 25:1. A method for enhancing the flow of compositions comprising thermoplastic components is also disclosed.
US08946330B2	Extrusion blown molded bottles with high stiffness and transparency A polypropylene composition comprising a random propylene copolymer, a high melt strength polypropylene having a branching index g′ of 0.9 or less and a clarifier, wherein the polypropylene composition has a MFR2 (230° C.) of at least 2.0 g/10 min.
US08946324B2	Bulk material cover compositions and methods of applying A cover material for a bulk material pile and method for applying the cover material are disclosed. The cover composition comprises liquid, cement and/or fly ash, fiber, water dispersible polymer and acid.
US08946323B2	Anionic wetting agents for stabilizing self-depositing compositions comprising oxidic pigments The present invention relates to an acidic aqueous particulate composition containing, in addition to iron(III) ions, fluoride ions and at least one water-insoluble, dispersed organic binder, a water-insoluble, dispersed oxide pigment with elevated resistance to agglomeration for the autophoretic deposition of organic-inorganic hybrid layers onto metal surfaces, the composition additionally containing at least one anionic wetting agent which comprises functional groups selected from sulfonates, phosphonates and/or carboxylates. The invention furthermore comprises the use of such a composition for the autodeposition of a film-forming organic-inorganic hybrid coating onto metal surfaces which are at least in part selected from surfaces, the main constituents of which are iron, zinc and/or aluminum.
US08946314B2	Expandable polyamide composition and polyamide foam obtained therefrom The present invention relates to an expandable polyamide composition and to a polyamide foam obtained therefrom. This composition comprises a compound comprising at least one isocyanate function, a polyamide and a compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid function. The invention also relates to a process for preparing a polyamide foam from this composition.
US08946313B2	Hybrid PHD/PMPO polyols for polyurethane foam applications This invention relates to hybrid polymer polyols. These hybrid polymer polyols comprise the free-radical polymerization product of (A) a base polyol comprising (1) a polymer modified polyol selected from (a) dispersions of polyureas and/or polyhydrazodicarbonamides in a hydroxyl group containing compound and (b) polyisocyanate polyaddition polyols, and (2) optionally, a polyol having a functionality of 2 to 6 and an OH number of from 20 to 500; (B) optionally, a preformed stabilizer; and (C) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, in the presence of (D) a free-radical polymerization initiator, and (E) optionally, a polymer control agent. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of these hybrid polymer polyols, foams prepared from these hybrid polymer polyols and to a process for the preparation of these foams.
US08946307B2	Biomass gasification gas purification system and method and methanol production system and method A biomass gasification gas purification system includes a dust collector for removing dust in biomass gasification gas (containing tar components) acquired by gasifying biomass by a biomass gasification furnace, a desulfurizer for removing sulfur oxide components in the dust-removed biomass gasification gas, a pre-reforming reactor for reforming tar components in the desulfurized biomass gasification gas, a steam feed unit for feeding steam to an upstream side of the pre-reforming reactor, and a natural-gas feed unit for feeding natural gas on an upstream side of the desulfurizer.
US08946306B2	Process for the treatment of a hydrophobic surface by an aqueous phase The invention relates to process for the treatment of a hydrophobic surface by a liquid film comprising an aqueous phase comprising the coating of said surface by the liquid whose aqueous phase comprises an effective amount of an agent of modification of the properties of surface and an active agent.
US08946300B2	Use of rasagilline for the treatment of restless legs syndrome Methods for the treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome using R(+)-N-propargyl-1-aminoindan or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
US08946296B2	Substituted heteroaryl- and aryl-cyclopropylamine acetamides and their use The invention relates to compounds of Formula (I): (A′)x-(A)-(B)—(Z)-(L)-C(═O)NH2 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, wherein: (A) is heteroaryl or aryl; each (A′), if present, is indepedently chosen from aryl, arylalkoxy, arylalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryloxy, halo, alkoxy, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkoxy, and cyano, wherein each (A′) is substituted with 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently chosen from halo, haloalkyl, aryl, arylalkoxy, alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, sulfonyl, sulfinyl, and carboxamide; X is 0, 1, 2, or 3; (B) is a cyclopropyl ring, wherein (A) and (Z) are covalently bonded to different carbon atoms of (B); (Z) is —NH—; and (L) is —(CH2)mCR1,R2—, wherein m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; provided that, if (L) is —CH2— or —CH(CH3)—, then X is not 0. The compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
US08946289B2	Manassatin compounds and methods of making and using the same Provided are manassantin compounds and methods of using the compounds. Provided are methods of treating a disease, the method comprising administering a compound according to Formula I. Further provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds according to Formula I. Also provided are methods of inhibiting HIF-1 in a cell, the methods comprising administering to the cell a compound according to Formula I.
US08946288B1	Uses of hydroxyl polymethoxylflavones (HPMFs) and derivatives thereof The invention discloses the uses of hydroxyl polymethoxylflavones and derivative thereof that are relative to inhibit adipogenesis and lower lipid accumulation, wherein the hydroxyl polymethoxylflavones is obtained from the peels of Citrus genus plants. Therefore, the hydroxyl polymethoxylflavones that of a therapeutically effective amount not only can be a medical compound for treatment obesity or fatty liver, but also can be a food element.
US08946283B2	Composition for preventing or treating obesity, dyslipidemia, fatty liver or diabetes containing indole-3-carbinol derivative as active ingredient Disclosed is a composition for preventing or treating obesity, dyslipidemia, fatty liver or diabetes, containing an indole-3-carbinol derivative as an active ingredient. The indole-3-carbinol derivative of the present disclosure can be usefully used as a pharmaceutical or functional food composition for preventing or treating obesity, dyslipidemia, fatty liver or diabetes by inhibiting differentiation of preadipocytes and reducing accumulation of triglyceride in cells.
US08946280B2	Plant growth regulating compounds The present invention relates to novel strigolactam derivatives of formula (I) to processes and intermediates for preparing them, to plant growth regulator compositions comprising them and to methods of using them for controlling the growth of plants and/or promoting the germination of seeds.
US08946278B2	Inhibitors of AkT activity Invented are novel heterocyclic carboxamide compounds, the use of such compounds as inhibitors of protein kinase B activity and in the treatment of cancer and arthritis.
US08946270B2	Amido-pyridyl ether compounds and compositions and their use against parasites The subject matter disclosed herein is directed to amido-pyridyl ether compounds of formula I: wherein, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, Ra, a, b and d are as described herein, compositions comprising the compounds of formula I, methods for their preparation and methods for their uses against parasites.
US08946268B2	Modulators of HEC1 activity and methods therefor Compounds, compositions, and methods for modulation of Hec1/Nek2 interaction are provided. Especially preferred compounds disrupt Nek2/Hec1 binding and are therefore useful as chemotherapeutic agent for neoplastic diseases.
US08946266B2	Substituted triazole and imidazole derivatives as gamma secretase modulators The present invention is concerned with novel substituted triazole and imidazole derivatives of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, A4, X, and Het1 have the meaning defined in the claims. The compounds according to the present invention are useful as gamma secretase modulators. The invention further relates to processes for preparing such novel compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds as an active ingredient as well as the use of said compounds as a medicament.
US08946264B2	Pyridine derivative The present invention relates to a novel pyridine derivative or a pharmacologically acceptable ester thereof, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt of the derivative or ester, which has an excellent hypoglycemic effect or treats and/or prevents the onset of a disorder of carbohydrate or lipid metabolism or a disease mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ. A compound represented by the general formula (I): [wherein R represents a pyridyl group substituted with 1 to 3 group(s) independently selected from Substituent Group A, and Substituent Group A represents a halogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl group and a C1-C6 alkoxy group] or a pharmacologically acceptable ester thereof, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt of the compound or ester.
US08946263B2	Compositions and methods for modulating circadian synchronization The present invention relates to a modulator of glucocorticoid biosynthesis, degradation and/or receptor activation for use in preventing or treating symptoms and/or diseases associated with jet lag. The compositions of the invention may be used as a lead compound for developing a drug for preventing or treating symptoms and/or diseases associated with jet lag. The invention relates to the discovery that administration of the modulator(s) to a subject results in a directional change of the time point of maximum amounts of glucocorticoids in the subject as compared to the time point of maximum amounts of glucocorticoids in a subject not treated with the modulator(s).
US08946254B2	Bivalent ligands for the treatment of neurological disorders Bivalent ligands that contain two pharmacophores linked through a spacer, one of which interacts with the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and the other of which interacts with the co-receptor CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5), are used for the treatment of neurological disorders such as those associated with AIDS.
US08946246B2	Synthetic rigidin analogues as anticancer agents, salts, solvates and prodrugs thereof, and method of producing same A compound having the Formula I as follows: wherein R1 and R2 are selected from hydrogen, aryl, fused aryl, heteroaryl, saturated carbocylclic, partially saturated carbocyclic, saturated heterocyclic, partially saturated heterocyclic, C1-10 alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylalkenyl, carbocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, carboxyalkyl, nitroalkyl, cyanoalkyl, acetamidoalkyl, and acyloxyalkyl. A process for the preparation thereof is also provided.
US08946245B2	Heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines and pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrimidines as Janus kinase inhibitors The present invention provides heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines and heteroaryl substituted pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrimidines that modulate the activity of Janus kinases and are useful in the treatment of diseases related to activity of Janus kinases including, for example, immune-related diseases, skin disorders, myeloid proliferative disorders, cancer, and other diseases.
US08946243B2	Compounds and methods for the treatment of viral infection The invention relates to compounds and methods for treating or preventing a viral infection, by administering a monophosphorylated prodrug of acyclovir or monophosphorylated derivative of an acyclovir prodrug to a subject suffering from or susceptible (to a viral infection, such as HIV infection.
US08946242B2	Spiro[2.4]heptanes for treatment of flaviviridae infections Compounds, methods, and compositions for the treatment of infections in or exposure to humans and other host animals of Flaviviridae viruses, including HCV, that includes the administration of an effective amount of a spiro[2.4]heptane as described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, are provided. The spiro[2.4]heptane compounds either possess antiviral activity, or are metabolized to a compound that exhibits such activity.
US08946230B2	Aryl- and heteroaryl- nitrogen-heterocyclic compounds as PDE10 inhibitors Aryl- and heteroaryl-nitrogen heterocyclic compounds of formula (I): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein m, p, q, R1, R2, R3, X1, X2, X3, Y1 and Y2 are defined herein; and compositions containing them, and processes for preparing such compounds. Provided herein also are methods of treating disorders or diseases treatable by inhibition of PDE10, such as obesity, non-insulin dependent diabetes, schizophrenia, Huntington's Disease, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and the like.
US08946227B2	Piperazine derivatives and methods of use The invention provides 2-carboxamide piperazine compounds, and methods of treatment and pharmaceutical compositions that utilize or comprise one or more such compounds. Compounds of the invention are useful for the treatment of mammalian infertility.
US08946218B2	CCR2 receptor antagonists, method for producing the same, and use thereof as medicaments The present invention relates to novel antagonists for CCR2 (CC chemokine receptor 2) and their use for providing medicaments for treating conditions and diseases, especially pulmonary diseases like asthma and COPD and pain diseases.
US08946212B2	Annelated N-heterocyclic sulfonamides with oxadiazolone headgroup, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals Annelated N-heterocyclic sulfonamides with oxadiazolone headgroup, processes for their preparation and their use as pharmaceuticals The invention relates to annelated N-heterocyclic sulfonamides with oxadiazolone headgroup and to their physiologically acceptable salts and physiologically functional derivatives showing PPARdelta or PPARdelta and PPARalpha agonist activity. What is described are compounds of the formula I, in which the radicals are as defined, and their physiologically acceptable salts and processes for their preparations. The compounds are suitable for the treatment and/or prevention of disorders of fatty acid metabolism and glucose utilization disorders as well as of disorders in which insulin resistance is involved and demyelinating and other neurodegenerative disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system.
US08946203B2	Benzodioxane inhibitors of leukotriene production The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): wherein R1 to R3, A, X and n are as defined herein. The compounds of formula (I) are useful as inhibitors of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) and treating LTA4H related disorder. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of formula (I), methods of using these compounds in the treatment of various diseases and disorders, and processes for preparing these compounds.
US08946202B2	Substituted porphyrins The present invention relates, in general, to a method of modulating physiological and pathological processes and, in particular, to a method of modulating cellular levels of oxidants and thereby processes in which such oxidants are a participant. The invention also relates to compounds and compositions suitable for use in such methods.
US08946200B2	Pharmaceutically active nanosuspensions The present disclosure is directed at a pharmaceutically active nanoparticle suspension that may be optically clear. Such suspensions may be formed by selective dissolution of a pharmaceutically active compound in a first solvent followed by introduction into a second solvent, such as an aqueous medium, without substantial use of surfactants and/or mechanical shear.
US08946188B2	Anti-microbial agents and uses thereof Many pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Yersinia pestis, rely on an iron acquisition system based on siderophores, secreted iron-chelating compounds with extremely high Fe(III) affinity. The compounds of the invention are inhibitors of domain salicylation enzymes, which catalyze the salicylation of an aroyl carrier protein (ArCP) domain to form a salicyl-ArCP domain thioester intermediate via a two-step reaction. The compounds include the intermediate mimic 5′-O—[N-(salicyl)sulfamoyl]-adenosine (salicyl-AMS) and analogs thereof. These compounds are inhibitors of the salicylate activity of MbtA, YbtE, PchD, and other domain salicylation enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of siderophores. Therefore, these compounds may be used in the treatment of infection caused by microorganisms which rely on siderphore-based iron acquisition systems. Pharmaceutical composition and methods of using these compounds to treat or prevent infection are also provided as well as methods of preparing the inventive compounds.
US08946185B2	Agent for suppressing expression of dominant allele An agent for selectively suppressing the expression of a dominant allele while allowing expression of wild-type or desired alleles and methods for using the agent are described. The RNAi agent has a structure obtained by assigning a dominant point mutation in the targeted allele as a standard point, setting a base length from the standard point to the 5′ end to a predetermined length, and introducing one mismatch base differing from the target sequence to a predetermined position downstream from the standard point.
US08946181B2	Treatment of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) related diseases by inhibition of natural antisense transcript to IRF8 The present invention relates to antisense oligonucleotides that modulate the expression of and/or function of Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8), in particular, by targeting natural antisense polynucleotides of Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8). The invention also relates to the identification of these antisense oligonucleotides and their use in treating diseases and disorders associated with the expression of IRF8.
US08946169B2	SPARC and methods of use thereof The invention provides methods for predicting or determining the response of a mammalian tumor to a chemotherapeutic agent and for treating a mammalian tumor comprising detecting and quantifying the SPARC protein or RNA in a sample isolated from the mammal. The invention further provides kit for predicting the response of a mammalian tumor to a chemotherapeutic agent, comprising a means for the isolation of protein or RNA from the tumor, a SPARC protein or RNA detection and quantification means, control RNAs, and rules for predicting the response of the tumor based on the level of SPARC protein or RNA in tumor.
US08946168B2	Compositions and methods for identifying and targeting cancer cells of alimentary canal origin Screening and diagnostic reagents, kits and methods for primary and/or metastatic stomach or esophageal cancer are disclosed. Compositions for and methods of imaging and treating primary and/or metastatic stomach or esophageal cancer are disclosed. Vaccines compositions and methods of for treating and preventing primary and/or metastatic stomach or esophageal cancer are disclosed.
US08946167B2	Pharmaceutical compositions containing plasma protein The invention is related to water-soluble products and pharmaceutical formulations in solid or liquid form mainly for parenteral use. They consist of or comprise a therapeutically active substance (having low aqueous solubility and a substantial binding affinity to plasma proteins) and a plasma protein fraction in controlled aggregation state, whereby the said active substance and the said protein fraction are bound to each other by way of non-covalent bonds. It also covers processes for the preparation of the product and pharmaceutical formulation by dissolving the water-insoluble active substance in a water-miscible, pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, combining said solution with the aqueous solution of a plasma protein fraction in controlled aggregation state whereby a true solution is obtained containing the said active substance and the said protein fraction bound together by way of non-covalent bonds. Optionally a further pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary additive—such as a protein aggregation controller and/or a stabilizer—may be present. The organic solvent is eliminated by dialyzing, ultrafiltrating, diafiltrating and/or lyophilizing. The solid products consisting of the active substance and the protein are also protected. On optional dissolution in water clear, liquid compositions are obtained suitable for direct parenteral or other administration. Method of treatment is also covered. A series of water-insoluble substances is enlisted with appropriate protein fractions to be used.
US08946163B2	Cross-linked collagen comprising metallic anticancer agents The disclosure describes collagen constructs comprising anticancer agents, preferably, platinum, and related methods.
US08946161B2	Method of treatment using stable liquid formulation of G-CSF Provided are pharmaceutical liquid formulations of G-CSF, which are stable over a long time period and substantially free of excipients, as well as ready-to-use syringes containing such formulations and corresponding kits.
US08946159B2	Administration of an antagonist of α5β1 for anti-angiogenesis and cancer treatment A combination therapy is provided and is directed to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for administering a combination of an α5β1 antagonist with an α2β1 antagonist to a subject. The methods are for use in inhibiting, preventing, or reversing angiogenesis, as well as in treating cancer. The compositions and methods include a combined administration of VLO4 and VP12 (ECL12).
US08946154B2	Peptide ligands of somatostatin receptors Peptide derivatives, their stereoisomers, mixtures thereof and/or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a method of obtaining them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and the use thereof for the treatment, prevention and/or diagnosis of those conditions, disorders and/or pathologies in which the sstr1, sstr2, sstr3, sstr4 and/or sstr5 somatostatin receptors are expressed.
US08946151B2	Method of treating Parkinson's disease in humans by convection-enhanced infusion of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor to the putamen A method of treating Parkinson's disease in humans is disclosed, wherein glial cell-line derive neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is chronically administered directly to one or both putamen of a human in need of treatment thereof via convection-enhanced infusion using at least one implantable pump and at least one catheter. In one aspect of the present invention the GDNF is infused directly into one or both putamen through one or more indwelling intraparenchymal multiport brain catheters connected to one or more implantable pumps wherein the flow rate is pulsed.
US08946134B2	Grease composition, grease-packed bearing, universal joint for propeller shaft, lubricating oil composition, and oil-impregnated sintered bearing The present invention provides a grease composition or a lubricating oil composition which is capable of effectively preventing hydrogen brittleness-caused peeling from occurring on a rolling surface of a rolling bearing, is excellent in durability in a high temperature and speed operation, and can be used for a long time. A grease-packed bearing (1) has an inner ring (2), an outer ring (3), and a plurality of rolling elements (4). A sealing member (6) for sealing a grease composition (7) is provided at openings (8a) and (8b) disposed at both axial ends of the inner ring (2) and the outer ring (3). The grease composition (7) includes a base grease composed of a base oil and a thickener and an additive added to the base grease. The additive contains at least one compound selected from among plant-derived polyphenolic compounds and compounds formed by decomposition thereof. The above-described compounds include tannin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, curcumin, quercetin, and quinic acid.
US08946124B2	Substituted 3-(biphenyl-3-yl)-8,8-difluoro-4-hydroxy-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-ones for therapy and halogen-substituted spirocyclic ketoenols The invention relates to novel compounds of the formula (I) in which W, X, Y, Z, A, B, D and G have the meanings given above, to a plurality of processes and intermediates for their preparation, and to their use as pesticides and/or herbicides and/or fungicides. The invention also relates to selective herbicidal compositions comprising, firstly, the halogen-substituted spirocyclic ketoenols and, secondly, a crop plant compatibility-improving compound.The present invention furthermore relates to the boosting of the action of crop protection compositions comprising, in particular, halogen-substituted spirocyclic ketoenols, through the addition of ammonium salts or phosphonium salts and optionally penetrants, to the corresponding compositions, to processes for producing them and to their application in crop protection as pesticides and/or fungicides and/or for preventing unwanted plant growth.The invention also relates to substituted 3-(biphenyl-3-yl)-8,8-difluoro-4-hydroxy-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-en-2-ones of the formula (Ia) for therapeutic purposes, to pharmaceutical compositions and to their use in therapy, in particular for the prophylaxis and therapy of tumor disorders.
US08946122B2	Pesticidal combinations Stabilized liquid agrochemical compositions are provided which comprise flowable non-aqueous dispersion concentrates comprising a continuous substantially water-miscible liquid phase, a dispersed water-immiscible liquid phase, and a colloidal solid. In one embodiment, the dispersed phase comprises at least one water-sensitive agrochemically active ingredient and the colloidal solid is disposed at the interface between the dispersed phase and the continuous phase. In another embodiment, the water-sensitive agrochemically active ingredient is a solid but is dissolved in an oily liquid present in the dispersed phase, or is a solid and is dispersed within the dispersed phase, or is a solid complex of an agrochemical with a molecular complexing agent and is dispersed within the dispersed phase. The compositions of the invention can be used directly or with dilution to combat pests or as plant growth regulators.
US08946116B2	Nanometer powder catalyst and its preparation method A TiO2-containing composite nano-powder catalyst obtained by combining a titanium-based metal ceramic compound in powder form with a mixing solution containing compound(s) of a platinum group metal and/or a non-noble metal, drying the resulting mixture, and then performing oxidative thermal decomposition on the dried mixture. This catalyst also can be used as a support to further support platinum group metal(s) and/or non-noble metal(s) to obtain another composite nano-powder catalyst. A method for preparing a TiO2-containing composite nano-powder catalyst is also disclosed.
US08946114B2	Stable ferrous-ferric nitrate solutions for fischer-tropsch catalyst preparation A method of producing stable ferrous nitrate solution by dissolving iron in nitric acid to form a ferrous nitrate solution and maintaining the solution at a first temperature for a first time period, whereby the Fe(II) content of the ferrous nitrate solution changes by less than about 2% over a second time period. A method of producing stable Fe(II)/Fe(III) nitrate solution comprising ferrous nitrate and ferric nitrate and having a desired ratio of ferrous iron to ferric iron, including obtaining a stable ferrous nitrate solution; dissolving iron in nitric acid to form a ferric nitrate solution; maintaining the ferric nitrate solution at a second temperature for a third time period; and combining amounts of stable ferrous nitrate solution and ferric nitrate solution to produce the stable Fe(II)/Fe(III) nitrate solution. A method of preparing an iron catalyst is also described.
US08946106B2	Process for the regeneration of a catalyst Process for the regeneration of an at least partially coked molecular sieve catalyst comprising introducing the at least partially coked catalyst into a regenerator; introducing into the regenerator an oxygen-containing gas to regenerate at least part of the at least partially coked catalyst, thereby producing a gaseous mixture and at least partially regenerated catalyst; recovering part of the at least partially regenerated catalyst; analysing the at least partially regenerated catalyst to control the burning rate of the coke present on the at least partially coked catalyst in the regenerator by adjusting one or more conditions of the regeneration of the at least partially coked catalyst on the basis of the analysis of the at least partially regenerated catalyst; and separating at least partially regenerated catalyst and at least part of the gaseous mixture as obtained in step (b).
US08946099B2	Transponder embedded in a flexible multilayer support The transponder with an electronic unit comprising an antenna coil (4) connected to a chip module (5) embedded in a multi-layer laminate support (1) comprises at least one flexible thermoplastic layer (2) disposed on both sides of the electronic unit wherein the multi-layer laminate support further comprises a non-woven foil (3) with a grammage of less than 25 g/m2.
US08946087B2	Electroless copper deposition A method for providing metal filled features in a layer is provided. A metal seed layer is deposited on tops and bottoms of the features. Metal seed layer on tops of the features and overhangs is removed without removing metal seed layer on bottoms of features. An electroless deposition of metal is provided to fill the features, wherein the electroless deposition first deposits on the metal seed layer on bottoms of the features.
US08946085B2	Semiconductor process and structure A semiconductor process includes the following steps. Firstly, a conductive substrate is provided. Then, at least one insulating pattern is formed on the conductive substrate. Thereafter at least one metal pattern is formed on the insulating pattern. After that, a passivation layer is formed on the conductive substrate to cover the metal pattern by an electroplating process.
US08946082B2	Methods for forming semiconductor devices Embodiments of methods for forming a semiconductor device are provided. The method includes forming a metal layer overlying a dielectric material. A thickness of the metal layer is reduced including oxidizing an exposed outer portion of the metal layer to form a metal oxide portion overlying a remaining portion of the metal layer and removing the metal oxide portion.
US08946071B2	Method for manufacturing semiconductor device The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising: forming a gate stacked structure on a substrate; forming a source/drain region and a gate sidewall spacer at both sides of the gate stacked structure; depositing a Nickel-based metal layer at least in the source/drain region; performing a first annealing so that the silicon in the source/drain region reacts with the Nickel-based metal layer to form a Ni-rich phase of metal silicide; performing an ion implantation by implanting doping ions into the Ni-rich phase of metal silicide; performing a second annealing so that the Ni-rich phase metal silicide is transformed into a Nickel-based metal silicide, and meanwhile, forming a segregation region of the doping ions at an interface between the Nickel-based metal silicide and the source/drain region. The method according to the present invention performs the annealing after implanting the doping ions into the Ni-rich phase of metal silicide, thereby improving the solid solubility of the doping ions and forming a segregation region of highly concentrated doping ions, thus the SBH of the metal-semiconductor contact between the Nickel-based metal silica and the source/drain region is effectively reduced, the contact resistance is decreased, and the driving capability of the device is improved.
US08946068B2	Patterned doping of semiconductor substrates using photosensitive monolayers A semiconductor device and a method of fabricating a semiconductor device are disclosed. Embodiments of the invention use a photosensitive self-assembled monolayer to pattern the surface of a substrate into hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, and an aqueous (or alcohol) solution of a dopant compound is deposited on the substrate surface. The dopant compound only adheres on the hydrophilic regions. After deposition, the substrate is coated with a very thin layer of oxide to cap the compounds, and the substrate is annealed at high temperatures to diffuse the dopant atoms into the silicon and to activate the dopant. In one embodiment, the method comprises providing a semiconductor substrate including an oxide surface, patterning said surface into hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, depositing a compound including a dopant on the substrate, wherein the dopant adheres to the hydrophilic region, and diffusing the dopant into the oxide surface of the substrate.
US08946067B2	Method of making a thin crystalline semiconductor material A method of preparing a thin material layer from a semiconductor substrate is presented. The method entails forming a stress-generating epitaxial layer on a base substrate to form a stressed region, and achieving separation along the stressed region to produce a first part and a second part. The stress-generating epitaxial layer may be boron-doped or a Si(1-x)—Gex material. The separation may be achieved with spalling or etching.
US08946058B2	Method and apparatus for plasma dicing a semi-conductor wafer The present invention provides a method for plasma dicing a substrate, the method comprising providing a process chamber having a wall; providing a plasma source adjacent to the wall of the process chamber; providing a work piece support within the process chamber; placing a work piece onto the work piece support, said work piece having a support film, a frame and the substrate; loading the work piece onto the work piece support; applying a tensional force to the support film; clamping the work piece to the work piece support; generating a plasma using the plasma source; and etching the work piece using the generated plasma.
US08946057B2	Laser and plasma etch wafer dicing using UV-curable adhesive film Laser and plasma etch wafer dicing using UV-curable adhesive films is described. In an example, a method includes forming a mask above the semiconductor wafer. The semiconductor wafer is coupled to a carrier substrate by a UV-curable adhesive film. The mask covers and protects the integrated circuits. The mask is patterned with a laser scribing process to provide a patterned mask with gaps. The patterning exposes regions of the semiconductor wafer between the integrated circuits. The semiconductor wafer is then etched through the gaps in the patterned mask to form singulated integrated circuits. The UV-curable adhesive film is then irradiated with ultra-violet (UV) light. The singulated integrated circuits are then detached from the carrier substrate.
US08946056B2	Splitting method for optical device wafer In a splitting method for an optical device wafer, the wafer having optical devices formed individually in regions partitioned by a plurality of crossing scheduled splitting lines provided on a front surface and having a reflective film formed on a reverse surface, a focal point of a laser beam is positioned to the inside of the optical device wafer and the laser beam is irradiated along the scheduled splitting lines from the reverse surface side of the wafer to form modification layers in the inside of the wafer. An external force is applied to the wafer to split the wafer along the scheduled splitting lines and form a plurality of optical device chips. The laser beam has a wavelength that produces transmittance through the reflective film equal to or higher than 80%.
US08946045B2	Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor with deep trench (DT) structure and method in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) A structure forming a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) trench capacitor is disclosed. The structure comprises a multi-layer substrate having a metal layer and at least one dielectric layer. A trench is etched into the substrate, passing through the metal layer. The trench is lined with a metal material that is in contact with the metal layer, which comprises a first node of a capacitor. A dielectric material lines the metal material in the trench. The trench is filled with a conductor. The dielectric material that lines the metal material separates the conductor from the metal layer and the metal material lining the trench. The conductor comprises a second node of the capacitor.
US08946033B2	Merged fin finFET with (100) sidewall surfaces and method of making same A merged fin finFET and method of fabrication. The finFET includes: two or more single-crystal semiconductor fins on a top surface of an insulating layer on semiconductor substrate, each fin of the two or more fins having a central region between and abutting first and second end regions and opposite sides, top surfaces and sidewalls of the two or more fins are (100) surfaces and the longitudinal axes of the two or more fins aligned with a [100] direction; a gate dielectric layer on each fin of the two or more fins; an electrically conductive gate over the gate dielectric layer over the central region of each fin of the of two or more fins; and a merged source/drain comprising an a continuous layer of epitaxial semiconductor material on ends of each fin of the two or more fins, the ends on a same side of the conductive gate.
US08946025B2	Manufacturing method of thin film and metal line for display using the same, thin film transistor array panel, and method for manufacturing the same A method for forming a thin film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes forming the thin film at a power density in the range of approximately 1.5 to approximately 3 W/cm2 and at a pressure of an inert gas that is in the range of approximately 0.2 to approximately 0.3 Pa. This process results in an amorphous metal thin film barrier layer that prevents undesired diffusion from adjacent layers, even when this barrier layer is thinner than many conventional barrier layers.
US08946020B2	Method of forming controllably conductive oxide In fabricating a memory device, a first electrode is provided. An alloy is formed thereon, and the alloy is oxidized to provide an oxide layer. A second electrode is provided on the oxide layer. In a further method of fabricating a memory device, a first electrode is provided. Oxide is provided on the first electrode, and an implantation step in undertaken to implant material in the oxide to form a layer including oxide and implanted material having an oxygen deficiency and/or defects therein. A second electrode is then formed on the layer.
US08946019B2	Semiconductor device comprising a buried capacitor formed in the contact level In a semiconductor device, capacitors may be formed so as to be in direct contact with a transistor by using a shared transistor region, such as a drain region or a source region of closely spaced transistors, as one capacitor electrode, while the other capacitor electrode is provided in the form of a buried electrode in the dielectric material of the contact level. To this end, dielectric material may be deposited so as to reliably form a void, wherein, at any appropriate manufacturing stage, a capacitor dielectric material may be provided so as to separate the capacitor electrodes.
US08946014B2	FinFET device structure and methods of making same Embodiments of the present disclosure are a method of forming a semiconductor device, a method of forming a FinFET device, a FinFET device. An embodiment a method for semiconductor device, the method comprising forming a first dielectric layer over a substrate, forming a first hardmask layer over the first dielectric layer, and patterning the first hardmask layer to form a first hardmask portion with a first width. The method further comprises forming a first raised portion of the first dielectric layer with the first width, wherein the first raised portion is aligned with the first hardmask portion, and forming a first spacer and a second spacer over the first dielectric layer, wherein the first spacer and the second spacer are on opposite sides of the first raised portion, and wherein the sidewalls of the first spacer and the second spacer are substantially orthogonal to the top surface of the substrate.
US08945995B2	Copper post solder bumps on substrates A method comprises forming semiconductor flip chip interconnects having electrical connecting pads and electrically conductive posts terminating in distal ends operatively associated with the pads. We solder bump the distal ends by injection molding, mask the posts on the pads with a mask having a plurality of through hole reservoirs and align the reservoirs in the mask to be substantially concentric with the distal ends. Injecting liquid solder into the reservoirs and allowing it to cool provides solidified solder on the distal ends, which after mask removal produces a solder bumped substrate which we position on a wafer to leave a gap between the wafer and the substrate. The wafer has electrically conductive sites on the surface for soldering to the posts. Abutting the sites and the solder bumped posts followed by heating joins the wafer and substrate. The gap is optionally filled with a material comprising an underfill.
US08945992B2	Power device package comprising metal tab die attach paddle (DAP) and method of fabricating the package A metal tab die attach paddle (DAP) disposed between the lead frame and a power device die in a power device package reduces the stress exerted on the semiconductor power device die caused by the different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) of the semiconductor power device die and the lead frame. In addition the power device package substantially prevents impurities from penetrating into the power device package by increasing the surface creepage distance of a sealant resulting from the metal tab DAP and an optional swaging of the lead frame.
US08945974B2	Method of manufacturing organic light-emitting display device using an organic layer deposition apparatus A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display device includes: fixing a substrate onto an electrostatic chuck; combining the electrostatic chuck with a chuck moving member; moving the electrostatic chuck along a guide member into a chamber by using the chuck moving member; and depositing an organic layer on the substrate while moving the substrate with respect to an organic layer deposition assembly arranged in the chamber, the chuck moving member being moved along the guide member by an association of a chain unit and a hook unit, and the substrate being spaced apart from the organic layer deposition assembly.
US08945964B2	Fabrication of nitride nanoparticles A method of manufacturing a nitride nanoparticle comprises manufacturing the nitride nanostructure from constituents including: a material containing metal, silicon or boron, a material containing nitrogen, and a capping agent having an electron-accepting group for increasing the quantum yield of the nitride nanostructure. Nitride nanoparticles, for example nitride nanocrystals, having a photoluminescence quantum yield of at least 1%, and up to 20% or greater, may be obtained.
US08945955B2	Method of changing reflectance or resistance of a region in an optoelectronic memory device A method for changing reflectance or resistance of a region in an optoelectronic memory device. Changing the reflectance of the region includes sending an electric current through the region to cause a reflectance change in the region. Changing the resistance of the region includes: projecting a laser beam at a first beam intensity on the region, resulting in the region changing from a first to a second different resistance value; electrically reading the second resistance value during which an optical signal carried by the laser beam has a first digital value; after electrically reading the second resistance value, the laser beam is projected at a second beam intensity on the region resulting in the region changing from the second to the first resistance value; and electrically reading the first resistance value of the region while the laser beam is being projected on the region at the second beam intensity.
US08945953B2	Method of manufacturing semiconductor device Provided is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including a step of testing every one of through-electrodes. A second probe test is conducted to check an electrical coupling state between a plurality of copper post bumps formed on the side of the surface of a wafer and electrically coupled to a metal layer and a plurality of bumps formed on the side of the back surface of the wafer and electrically coupled to the metal layer (also another metal layer) via a plurality of through-electrodes by probing to each of the bumps on the side of the back surface while short-circuiting between the copper post bumps (electrodes). By this test, conduction between the bumps (electrodes) on the back surface side is checked.
US08945946B2	Sensor element and detection method of magnetic particles using this element, and detection method of target substance A sensor device is configured by using a sensor element including functions as a magnetic field sensor and capable of generating the magnetic field for collecting magnetic particles on a sensor surface by the application of the current. As a result, a sensor device can be provided in which the magnetic particles serving as a label can be effectively collected on the sensor, and at the same time, the influence given to the sensor by the magnetic field for collecting the magnetic particles can be reduced.
US08945945B1	Sample collection and analysis Management of the health status of an animal colony using a plurality of blood collection cards and the analysis of dried blood from members of the colony that has been collected on the cards. Members of the colony may be removed from the colony as a result of the analysis.
US08945941B2	Tissue sample preparation and MALDI MS imaging thereof Aspects of the present invention relate to a method for the preparation of samples for MALDI MS imaging. Certain embodiments relate to a method of matrix deposition for samples, wherein tissue sections are prepared via a synergistic combination of fixation with matrix. In certain embodiments, tissue is fixed with cold solvent, according to well-established histology protocols, and in the presence of matrix, allowing for high resolution spatial mapping of protein, lipid, sugar, and/or nucleic acid distribution. In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to fixation with matrix of whole organisms. In certain embodiments, animals are perfused with fixation and matrix mixtures, which allows for direct mass spectrometry analysis.
US08945933B2	Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods for multiplexed detection and quantitation of free amino acids The present invention provides liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methods and kits for the specific, sensitive and rapid detection as well as quantitation of free amino acids in samples following High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) separation.
US08945932B2	Methods and compositions for detecting and isolating phosphorylated molecules using hydrated metal oxides The invention provides methods for detecting and isolating phosphomolecules using phosphoaffinity materials that comprise a hydrated metal oxide. In an embodiment, a method for detecting a phosphomolecule in a sample involves (a) contacting a sample with a phosphoaffinity material comprising a hydrated metal oxide, under conditions wherein a phosphomolecule is capable of binding to the phosphoaffinity material to form a phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex, and (b) detecting formation of a phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex, thereby detecting a phosphomolecule in the sample. In another embodiment, a method for isolating a phosphomolecule from a sample involves (a) contacting a sample with a phosphoaffinity material comprising a hydrated metal oxide, under conditions wherein a phosphomolecule is capable of binding to the phosphoaffinity material to form a phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex, wherein the hydrated metal oxide comprises yttrium, and (b) separating the phosphomolecule-phosphoaffinity material complex from the sample, thereby isolating the phosphomolecule from the sample.
US08945930B2	Analyte-testing device A device adapted to determine an analyte concentration of a fluid sample using a test sensor. The device comprises a display adapted to display information to a user. The device further comprises at least one user-interface mechanism adapted to allow the user to interact with the device. The device further comprises a body portion including at least one opening formed therein, the at least one opening being of sufficient size to receive the test sensor. The device further comprises a memory adapted to store a plurality of stored analyte concentrations. The device further comprises a processing feature adapted to inhibit the stored analyte concentrations from being displayed on the display.
US08945926B2	Expanding the eukaryotic genetic code This invention provides compositions and methods for producing translational components that expand the number of genetically encoded amino acids in eukaryotic cells. The components include orthogonal tRNAs, orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, orthogonal pairs of tRNAs/synthetases and unnatural amino acids. Proteins and methods of producing proteins with unnatural amino acids in eukaryotic cells are also provided.
US08945925B2	Medium comprising transforming growth factor β1 and basic fibroblast growth factor The present invention is of methods of establishing and propagating human embryonic stem cell lines using feeder cells-free, xeno-free culture systems and stem cells which are capable of being maintained in an undifferentiated, pluripotent and proliferative state in culture which is free of xeno contaminants and feeder cells.
US08945920B2	Method for culturing cells derived from the adipose tissue and uses thereof The invention concerns a method for culturing cells derived from the adipose tissue and in particular the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) to induce formation of cardiomyocytes, the use of the cells obtained by said culture method to reconstitute an ischemized cardiac zone, in particular following an infarction, as well as a pharmaceutical composition containing said cells. The method for obtaining cardiac cells comprises at least the following steps: a) selecting cardiomyogenic cells from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF); b) culturing the cells selected at step a) in a liquid medium optimized for expanding ex vivo the cardiomyogenic cells; c) maintaining and expanding said cells by successive passes in the liquid medium; and d) obtaining cardiac cells.
US08945919B2	Methods and composition for treating neural degeneration Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for the use of marrow adherent stem cells and their descendents; e.g., bone marrow-derived neural regenerating cells; in the treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders. In certain embodiments, bone marrow-derived neural regenerating cells transplanted to sites of neural degeneration stimulate growth and/or survival of host neurons.
US08945912B2	DNA sequencing and amplification systems using nanoscale field effect sensor arrays In one aspect, described herein are field effect chemical sensor devices useful for chemical and/or biochemical sensing. Also provided herein are methods for single molecule detection. In another aspect, described herein are methods useful for amplification of target molecules by PCR.
US08945911B2	Optical detector Disclosed herein is an optical detector at least including: a first substrate in which a plurality of wells are formed; a second substrate in which a heating section is provided to heat the wells; a third substrate in which a plurality of photoirradiation sections are provided in alignment with the wells; and a fourth substrate in which a plurality of photodetection sections are provided in alignment with the wells.
US08945908B2	Tailored oils Recombinant DNA techniques are used to produce oleaginous recombinant cells that produce triglyceride oils having desired fatty acid profiles and regiospecific or stereospecific profiles. Genes manipulated include those encoding stearoyl-ACP desturase, delta 12 fatty acid desaturase, acyl-ACP thioesterase, ketoacyl-ACP synthase, and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase. The oil produced can have enhanced oxidative or thermal stability, or can be useful as a frying oil, shortening, roll-in shortening, tempering fat, cocoa butter replacement, as a lubricant, or as a feedstock for various chemical processes. The fatty acid profile can be enriched in midchain profiles or the oil can be enriched in triglycerides of the saturated-unsaturated-saturated type.
US08945905B2	Cat litter formulation A waste capture media formulation comprising a bacteria package. The bacteria package does not include a bacteria that produces a urease enzyme. The formulation further comprises an absorbent media, an odor suppressant, a binding agent, a mineral source, a masking agent, and an aqueous surfactant.
US08945897B2	Materials and methods for conjugating a water soluble fatty acid derivative to a protein The invention relates to materials and methods of conjugating a water soluble fatty acid derivative to a therapeutic protein comprising contacting the therapeutic protein with an activated water soluble fatty acid derivative under conditions that allow conjugation.
US08945890B2	Method for producing monoterpene and monoterpinoid compounds and use thereof In various embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method and enzyme for forming various compounds, such as monoterpenes and monoterpenoid compounds. In a specific example, the present disclosure provides a method for producing one or more of (−)-ipsdienol, (−)-ipsenol, ipsenone, and ipsdienone. The present disclosure also provides methods of using compounds formed from the disclosed method and enzyme.
US08945887B2	Whole cell biocatalyst The present invention relates to a method for producing a product of a reaction catalysed by a nitrilase, which method comprises the steps (i) providing a microorganism comprising said nitrilase located on its surface, and/or a membrane preparation of said microorganism, and (ii) contacting the microorganism and/or the membrane preparation thereof with one or more nitrilase substrates under conditions compatible with nitrilase activity. The present invention further relates to a method for producing enantiomerically pure (R)-mandelic acid using the nitrilase-displaying whole cell biocatalyst or membrane preparation thereof for the conversion of racemic mandelonitrile.
US08945885B2	Minicircle DNA vector preparations and methods of making and using the same The present invention provides minicircle nucleic acid vector formulations for use in administering to a subject, wherein the minicircle nucleic acid vectors include a polynucleotide of interest, a product hybrid sequence of a unidirectional site-specific recombinase, and are devoid of plasmid backbone bacterial DNA sequences. Also provided are methods of producing the subject formulations as well as methods for administering the minicircle nucleic acid vector formulations to a subject. The subject methods and compositions find use in a variety of different applications, including both research and therapeutic applications.
US08945873B2	Polynucleotides encoding Notch receptor antibodies The present invention relates to Notch-binding agents and Notch antagonists and methods of using the agents and/or antagonists for treating diseases such as cancer. The present invention provides antibodies that specifically bind to a non-ligand binding region of the extracellular domain of one or more human Notch receptor, such as Notch2 and/or Notch3, and inhibit tumor growth. The present invention further provides methods of treating cancer, the methods comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody that specifically binds to a non-ligand binding region of the extracellular domain of a human Notch receptor protein and inhibits tumor growth.
US08945869B2	Factor VIII glycoforms The invention concerns glycosylated proteins having human factor VIII activity. In a preferred embodiment, the protein is glycosylated with oligosaccharides that include an alpha-(2,6)-linked sialic acid and a bisecting GlcNAc linked to a core beta-mannose.
US08945865B2	Method for screening for compound capable of enhancing or inhibiting OATP1B1 transport activity, and method for determining expression level of OATP1B1 The present invention provides a method of screening for a compound that enhances or inhibits the transport activity of OATP1B1, using dichlorofluorescein. The present invention also provides a use of dichlorofluorescein in measurement of the expression level of OATP1B1. The present invention further provides a method for measuring the expression level of OATP1B1 in test cells, using dichlorofluorescein. The present invention further provides a use of a kit including dichlorofluorescein and positive cells expressing OATP1B1 in measurement of the expression level of OATP1B1 in test cells.
US08945862B2	Triple-fusion constructs and methods of monitoring human embryonic stem cells Embodiments of the present disclosure include triple-fusion human embryonic stem cells, methods of imaging triple-fusion human embryonic stem cells, triple-fusion polynucleotides, triple-fusion proteins, methods of monitoring the progression of human embryonic stem cells, methods of making isolated triple-fusion human embryonic stem cells, and the like.

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