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    • 34. 发明授权
    • Halogen monitoring apparatus
    • 卤素监测仪
    • US5444435A
    • 1995-08-22
    • US38296
    • 1993-03-29
    • William J. Williams, IIDaniel M. Thorsen
    • William J. Williams, IIDaniel M. Thorsen
    • G01N27/70G01N33/00G08B17/10
    • G01N33/0067G01N27/70G01N33/0052
    • There is disclosed apparatus for monitoring the concentration levels of halogen gas in a gaseous atmosphere as confined in an enclosure over a relatively extended period of time. Such monitoring apparatus includes a sensor including first and second electrodes disposed to define a space therebetween through which the gaseous atmosphere flows and a voltage source for applying a voltage between the first and second electrodes whereby an ionization current flows to the first electrode. A control mechanism illustratively in the form of a programmed microcontroller monitors the ionization current collected by the first electrode as the output signal of the sensor, to determine an increase therein as would be indicative of a halogen leak. Upon determining an increase of the sensor output signal above a predetermined difference, the control mechanism removes the energization from the halogen sensor whereby the ionization current is terminated and the life of the sensor extended. The control mechanism further causes an initial reading of the sensor signal to be taken and to be stored, whereby subsequent sensor readings may be compensated by subtracting the stored value therefrom to provide a compensated output indicative of the increased halogen level with respect to the initial background reading thereof. The relatively small halogen sensor output is amplified by a variable gain amplifier, whose gain setting is automatically set over a large range of sensitivities.
    • 公开了一种用于在相对延长的时间段内监视限制在外壳中的气态气氛中的卤素气体的浓度水平的装置。 这种监视装置包括:传感器,包括设置成限定气体大气流过的空间的第一和第二电极;以及用于在第一和第二电极之间施加电压的电压源,由此电离电流流向第一电极。 示例性地以编程的微控制器的形式的控制机构将由第一电极收集的电离电流监视为传感器的输出信号,以确定其中的增加,这将指示卤素泄漏。 当确定传感器输出信号的增加高于预定差值时,控制机构从卤素传感器去除激励,从而终止电离电流并延长传感器的寿命。 控制机构进一步使传感器信号的初始读取被采集并被存储,从而可以通过从其中减去所存储的值来补偿后续传感器读数,从而提供指示相对于初始背景增加的卤素水平的补偿输出 阅读。 相对较小的卤素传感器输出由可变增益放大器放大,其增益设置在大范围的灵敏度下自动设置。
    • 36. 发明授权
    • Gas monitoring apparatus
    • 气体监测仪
    • US5198774A
    • 1993-03-30
    • US495822
    • 1990-03-19
    • William J. Williams, IIDaniel M. Thorsen
    • William J. Williams, IIDaniel M. Thorsen
    • G01N27/70
    • G01N27/70
    • There is disclosed apparatus for monitoring the concentration levels of halogen gas in a gaseous atmosphere as confined in an enclosure over a relatively extended period of time. Such monitoring apparatus includes a sensor including first and second electrodes disposed to define a space therebetween through which the gaseous atmosphere flows and a voltage source for applying a voltage between the first and second electrodes whereby an ionization current flows to the first electrode. A control mechanism illustratively in the form of a programmed microcontroller monitors the ionization current collected by the first electrode as the output signal of the sensor, to determine an increase therein as would be indicative of a halogen leak. Upon determining an increase of the sensor output signal above a predetermined difference, the control mechanism removes the energization from the halogen sensor whereby the ionization current is terminated and the life of the sensor extended. The control mechanism further causes an initial reading of the sensor signal to be taken and to be stored, whereby subsequent sensor readings may be compensated by subtracting the stored value therefrom to provide a compensated output indicative of the increased halogen level with respect to the initial background reading thereof. The relatively small halogen sensor output is amplified by a variable gain amplifier, whose gain setting is automatically set over a large range of sensitivities.
    • 公开了一种用于在相对延长的时间段内监视限制在外壳中的气态气氛中的卤素气体的浓度水平的装置。 这种监视装置包括:传感器,包括设置成限定气体大气流过的空间的第一和第二电极;以及用于在第一和第二电极之间施加电压的电压源,由此电离电流流向第一电极。 示例性地以编程的微控制器的形式的控制机构将由第一电极收集的电离电流监视为传感器的输出信号,以确定其中的增加,这将指示卤素泄漏。 当确定传感器输出信号的增加高于预定差值时,控制机构从卤素传感器去除激励,从而终止电离电流并延长传感器的寿命。 控制机构进一步使传感器信号的初始读取被采集并被存储,从而可以通过从其中减去所存储的值来补偿后续传感器读数,从而提供指示相对于初始背景增加的卤素水平的补偿输出 阅读。 相对较小的卤素传感器输出由可变增益放大器放大,其增益设置在大范围的灵敏度下自动设置。
    • 38. 发明授权
    • System for assessing verbal psychobiological correlates
    • 评估口头心理生理相关系统
    • US4699153A
    • 1987-10-13
    • US726056
    • 1985-04-23
    • Howard ShevrinWilliam J. WilliamsRobert E. Marshall
    • Howard ShevrinWilliam J. WilliamsRobert E. Marshall
    • A61B5/0484A61B5/04
    • A61B5/0484
    • A system for assessing psychobiological conditions of a subject utilizes a plurality of words which are selected to be in four categories as critical stimuli. The words are presented by a tachistoscope to the subject in subliminal and supraliminal modes of operation. Subliminal stimulation of the subject is achieved by presenting the selected words for an exposure period of approximately one millisecond. The supraliminal exposure time is approximately thirty milliseconds. Prior to stimulation, the subject is diagnosed in accordance with conventional psychoanalytical techniques to establish the presence and nature of a pathological condition. The words are selected and categorized in four groups: pleasant words, unpleasant words, words related to a diagnosed conscious pathological condition, and words related to a diagnosed unconscious pathological condition. The brain wave responses which are evoked by the stimulation are collected via electrodes and analyzed in accordance with a transinformation technique which is based on information signal theory for establishing a probabilistic value which corresponds to the information content of the evoked responses.
    • 用于评估受试者的心理生理状况的系统利用被选择为四类的多个单词作为关键刺激。 这些词汇是以潜意识和上分支手术方式由主体呈现给受试者。 通过在大约1毫秒的曝光期间呈现所选择的单词来实现对象的潜意识刺激。 超临界曝光时间约为三十毫秒。 在刺激之前,根据常规精神分析技术诊断受试者以确定病理状况的存在和性质。 这些单词被选择并分为四组:愉快的单词,不愉快的单词,与诊断的有意识的病理状况相关的单词,以及与诊断的无意识病理状况相关的单词。 通过电极收集由刺激引起的脑波响应,并根据基于信息信号理论的信息传递技术进行分析,该信息信号理论用于建立与诱发反应的信息内容相对应的概率值。