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1. 发明授权

US11125637B2 Distributed pressure sensing 有权
公开(公告)号：US11125637B2
公开(公告)日：2021-09-21
申请号：US16624406
申请日：2018-05-31
申请人： OPTASENSE HOLDINGS LIMITED
发明人： Alastair Godfrey
IPC分类号： G01L11/02 , G01D5/353 , G02B6/44 , G02B6/12
摘要： This application relates to methods and apparatus for distributed fibre optic sensing that can provide an indication of the absolute value of pressure acting on a sensing portion of a fibre optic cable. A sensor apparatus (600) has a first fibre optic cable structure (102) comprising a first optical fibre (101) and an interrogator (103) configured to perform distributed acoustic sensing on the first optical fibre (101) to provide a measurement signal from at least one sensing portion of the first optical fibre. The first fibre optic cable structure (102) is configured such that a sensitivity of a sensing portion (603, 604) to an incident pressure stimulus (ΔP1, ΔP2) depends on the ambient pressure (AP1, AP2) at the location of the respective sensing portion. A processor (104) is configured to process the measurement signal in response to an incident pressure stimulus (ΔP1, ΔP2) based on a predetermined sensitivity profile (504, 701) to determine an indication of the ambient pressure at the respective sensing portion.

2. 发明授权

US10947828B2 Downhole surveillance 有权
公开(公告)号：US10947828B2
公开(公告)日：2021-03-16
申请号：US15121455
申请日：2015-03-31
申请人： OPTASENSE HOLDINGS LIMITED
发明人： James Roy , Carson Laing
IPC分类号： E21B43/24 , E21B43/30 , E21B47/14 , E21B47/135 , E21B34/06
摘要： Method and apparatus for surveying the downhole environment in a steam stimulated well such as a Steam Assisted Gravity Draining well are described. One method comprises interrogating an optic fibre (104) arranged along the path of a well shaft (202, 204) within a steam stimulated well with optical radiation. At least one downhole steam pulse is generated and data gathered from the fibre (104) in response to the steam pulse is gathered and processed to provide an indication of the acoustic signals detected by at least one longitudinal sensing portion of the fibre (104). In some examples, the processed data can be used to determine at least one characteristic of the steam chamber (210).

3. 发明授权

US09689254B2 Well monitoring by means of distributed sensing means 有权
公开(公告)号：US09689254B2
公开(公告)日：2017-06-27
申请号：US14816456
申请日：2015-08-03
申请人： OPTASENSE HOLDINGS LIMITED
发明人： David John Hill , Magnus McEwen-King , Patrick Tindell
IPC分类号： G01V1/50 , E21B47/00 , E21B47/16 , E21B43/1185 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/10 , E21B47/12 , G01H9/00
CPC分类号： E21B47/16 , E21B43/11857 , E21B43/26 , E21B47/101 , E21B47/123 , G01H9/004 , G01V1/50 , G01V2210/1429 , G01V2210/646
摘要： Methods and apparatus for downhole monitoring are provided by interrogating an unmodified optic fiber (102) arranged along the path of a well bore (106) to provide a distributed acoustic sensor and sampling data gathered from a plurality of contiguous sensing portions of the fiber. The sampled data is processed to determine one or more well bore parameters. The well bore parameters may comprise a well condition profile, and may be obtained in response to an acoustic stimulus.

4. 发明授权

US09250112B2 Techniques for distributed acoustic sensing 有权
标题翻译：分布式声学检测技术
公开(公告)号：US09250112B2
公开(公告)日：2016-02-02
申请号：US13981310
申请日：2012-02-21
申请人： Alastair Godfrey
发明人： Alastair Godfrey
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G01F25/00 , G01F1/66 , G01H9/00
CPC分类号： G01F25/0007 , G01F1/66 , G01F1/661 , G01F1/667 , G01H9/004
摘要： The application describes techniques for monitoring the rate of flow of fluid in a conduit (205) using fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing which are especially applicable to flow in oil and gas wells. The techniques also allow for calibration of the position of the channels of a fiber optic distributed acoustic sensor arranged along a fluid carrying conduit. The techniques comprise introducing a first acoustic stimulus (303) travelling in one direction and a second acoustic stimulus (304) travelling in the opposite direction. Flow of the fluid (v) results in a difference in the propagation velocity of the two acoustic stimuli. The first and second acoustic stimuli create a standing wave and the beat effect due to the flow induced wavelength variation is detected and used to determine flow rate. The acoustic stimulus may be introduced to travel through the conduit to provide the first stimulus and to reflect from the end of the conduit and travel back as the second acoustic stimulus.
摘要翻译：该应用描述了使用特别适用于油气井中的流动的光纤分布式声学传感来监测导管（205）中的流体流速的技术。这些技术还允许校准沿流体承载导管布置的光纤分布式声学传感器的通道的位置。这些技术包括引入在一个方向上行进的第一声学刺激（303）和沿相反方向行进的第二声学刺激（304）。流体（v）的流动导致两个声学刺激的传播速度的差异。第一和第二声学刺激产生驻波，并且检测由于流动感应波长变化引起的节拍效应并用于确定流速。可以引入声刺激以穿过导管以提供第一刺激并且从导管的端部反射并作为第二声刺激返回。

5. 发明授权

US08923663B2 Distributed fibre optic sensing 有权
标题翻译：分布式光纤传感
公开(公告)号：US08923663B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-30
申请号：US13509402
申请日：2010-11-12
申请人： David John Hill , Magnus McEwen-King
发明人： David John Hill , Magnus McEwen-King
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G01D5/353
CPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G01D5/35361 , G02B6/00
摘要： The invention relates to a distributed fiber optic sensor (104, 106) having a first spatial resolution (301, 303) and a second, different, spatial resolution (302, 304). The sensor, which may be a distributed acoustic sensor, has an optical source (112) configured to interrogate an optical fiber (104) with optical radiation and a detector (116) configured to detected optical radiation back-scattered from within the fiber. A processor (108) is configured to process the detected back-scatter radiation to provide a plurality of longitudinal sensing portions of fiber. The optical source and processor are adapted to provide the first and second spatial resolutions, for instance by changing the duration and/or separation of the optical pulses and analysis bins. The first and second spatial resolutions may be provided sequentially or simultaneously and the spatial resolution used may be varied as part of a default pattern or in response to a detection event.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及具有第一空间分辨率（301,303）和第二不同的空间分辨率（302,304）的分布式光纤传感器（104,106）。可以是分布式声学传感器的传感器具有被配置为用光辐射来询问光纤（104）的光源（112）和被配置为检测从光纤内部反向散射的光辐射的检测器（116）。处理器（108）被配置为处理检测到的反向散射辐射以提供光纤的多个纵向感测部分。光源和处理器适于提供第一和第二空间分辨率，例如通过改变光脉冲和分析箱的持续时间和/或分离。可以顺序地或同时地提供第一和第二空间分辨率，并且使用的空间分辨率可以作为默认模式的一部分或响应于检测事件而变化。

6. 发明申请

US20140204368A1 Fibre Optic Distributed Sensor 审中-公开
标题翻译：光纤分布式传感器
公开(公告)号：US20140204368A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-24
申请号：US14237723
申请日：2012-08-24
申请人： Andrew Lewis , Stuart Russell
发明人： Andrew Lewis , Stuart Russell
IPC分类号： G01M11/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/30 , G01D5/35361 , G01H9/004 , H04B10/071
摘要： There is provided a distributed sensor, comprising a length of optic fibre; an interrogator unit having a detector arranged to detect light from the optic fibre, wherein the interrogator is arranged to provide distributed sensing on the optic fibre and wherein an optical path is defined between the optic fibre and the interrogator detector; a sampler coupled to the optic fibre and arranged to obtain a sample of light from the optical path of the optic fibre; a threshold detector arranged to detect the intensity of the sampled light and determine whether the intensity of the sampled light is above a threshold value; and an optical attenuator provided in the optical path and arranged to attenuate light propagating along the optical path when the intensity of the sampled light is above the threshold value. By attenuating light in the optical path if it is above a threshold value, the sensitive detector in the interrogator unit can be protected.
摘要翻译：提供了一种分布式传感器，包括一段光纤; 具有检测器的询问器单元，其用于检测来自光纤的光，其中询问器布置成在光纤上提供分布式感测，并且其中在光纤和询问器检测器之间限定光路; 取样器，耦合到所述光纤并被布置成从所述光纤的光路获得光的样本; 阈值检测器，被布置成检测采样光的强度，并确定采样光的强度是否高于阈值; 以及光衰减器，其设置在所述光路中并且被布置成当所述采样光的强度高于所述阈值时衰减沿着所述光路传播的光。通过衰减光路中的光线高于阈值，可以保护询问器单元中的敏感探测器。

7. 发明申请

US20140153364A1 Seismic Geophysical Surveying 有权
标题翻译：地震地球物理测量
公开(公告)号：US20140153364A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-05
申请号：US14232879
申请日：2012-07-12
申请人： Andrew Lewis , Stuart Russell
发明人： Andrew Lewis , Stuart Russell
IPC分类号： G01V1/36
CPC分类号： G01V1/366 , G01V1/226
摘要： The present invention relates to an apparatus for use in geophysical surveying. Geophysical surveying typically involves stimulating an area of interest with a seismic source and detecting the response in a sensor array. The application describes a fibre optic distributed sensing apparatus having a source (112) of electromagnetic radiation for repeatedly launching interrogating electromagnetic radiation into an optic fibre (104) deployed in said of area interest, a sampling detector (116) for sampling radiation back-scattered from the fibre; and a processor (108) arranged to process the back-scattered radiation to provide, for each of a plurality of longitudinal sensing portions of optic fibre, an indication of any incident acoustic signals affecting that sensing portion. The sampling detector is arranged to acquire a plurality of diversity samples for each said longitudinal sensing portion. The processor is configured process the diversity samples in diversity channels to determine a measurement signal indicative of any acoustic disturbance; correlate the measurement signal from each channel with a signal indicative of the seismic stimulus applied; and combine the correlated measurement signals to provide an overall measurement signal for the longitudinal sensing portion. The processor may apply a quality metric to the correlated data before performing the combination based on the quality metric. By correlating the individual diversity channels with the stimulus signal prior to performing the analysis of the measurement signal for a particular longitudinal section of optic fibre, the signal to noise ratio can be improved.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于地球物理测量的装置。地球物理测量通常涉及用地震源刺激感兴趣的区域并检测传感器阵列中的响应。该应用描述了一种具有电磁辐射源（112）的光纤分布式感测装置，用于将所述电磁辐射重新发射到在所述区域感兴趣的光纤（104）中反复发射询问电磁辐射;采样检测器（116），用于对辐射进行散射从纤维; 以及处理器（108），其布置成处理所述反向散射辐射，以针对光纤的多个纵向感测部分中的每一个提供影响所述感测部分的任何入射声信号的指示。采样检测器被布置成为每个所述纵向感测部分获取多个分集样本。配置处理器处理分集通道中的分集采样以确定指示任何声学干扰的测量信号; 将来自每个通道的测量信号与指示所施加的地震激励的信号相关联; 并组合相关测量信号以提供用于纵向感测部分的总体测量信号。基于质量度量，处理器可以在执行组合之前对相关数据应用质量度量。通过在对光纤的特定纵向部分执行测量信号的分析之前将各个分集信道与刺激信号相关，可以提高信噪比。

8. 发明申请

US20130151203A1 Detection of Moving Objects 审中-公开
标题翻译：检测移动物体
公开(公告)号：US20130151203A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-13
申请号：US13816896
申请日：2011-08-15
申请人： Magnus McEwen-King , David John Hill , Alastair Godfrey
发明人： Magnus McEwen-King , David John Hill , Alastair Godfrey
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G01H9/004 , G06F17/00
摘要： A system for moving object (402) detection is provided, the system comprising a fibre optic interrogator (106) adapted to provide distributed acoustic sensing on a optic fibre (104), for example arranged along a border. The measurement signals from each of a plurality of sensing portions (404, 406, 408, 410, 412) of said fibre are analysed to determined a characteristic of a Doppler shift. The characteristic of a Doppler shift may be a generally continuous decrease in detected frequency. By detecting the time at which the rate of change of frequency is at a maximum for each of the sensing portions the time of closest approach (ti, t2, t3, t4, t5) of the object to those sensing portions can be determined with the sensing portion the object approaches closest to showing the greatest value of maximum rate of change of frequency. The distance of closest approach and velocity can be determined.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于移动物体（402）检测的系统，该系统包括适于在光纤（104）上提供分布式声学感测的光纤询问器（106），例如沿边界布置。分析来自所述光纤的多个感测部分（404,406,408,410,412）中的每一个的测量信号，以确定多普勒频移的特性。多普勒频移的特征可以是检测频率的一般连续的降低。通过检测每个感测部分的频率变化率为最大值的时间，物体对那些感测部分的最接近（ti，t2，t3，t4，t5）的时间可以用物体接近最接近显示频率变化最大值的最大值的感测部分。可以确定最接近和速度的距离。

9. 发明申请

US20130139600A1 Gunfire Detection 审中-公开
标题翻译：枪火探测
公开(公告)号：US20130139600A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-06
申请号：US13816902
申请日：2011-08-15
申请人： Magnus McEwen-King , David John Hill , Alastair Godfrey
发明人： Magnus McEwen-King , David John Hill , Alastair Godfrey
IPC分类号： G01H9/00
CPC分类号： G01H9/004
摘要： An apparatus and method for detecting gunfire is provided which uses distributed acoustic sensing to provide the gunfire detection. The method comprises interrogating an optical fibre with electromagnetic radiation to provide a distributed acoustic sensor comprising a plurality of sensing portions of the optical fibre, and analysing a measurement signal from said sensing portions to detect gunfire events. A gunfire event will typically be relatively intense but of short duration and affect multiple sensing channels. The method may detect a characteristic 602 of a muzzle blast and/or a characteristic 601 of pressure wave from a supersonic round and may determine the location of the gunfire and the location at which the round crosses the sensor.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于检测炮火的装置和方法，其使用分布式声学感测来提供枪声检测。该方法包括用电磁辐射询问光纤以提供包括光纤的多个感测部分的分布式声学传感器，以及分析来自所述感测部分的测量信号以检测炮火事件。炮火事件通常会相对较强，但持续时间短，影响到多个传感通道。该方法可以检测枪口爆炸的特征602和/或来自超音速回合的压力波特征601，并且可以确定炮火的位置和圆形穿过传感器的位置。

10. 发明授权

US11130510B2 Distributed fibre optic sensing for in-train forces monitoring 有权
公开(公告)号：US11130510B2
公开(公告)日：2021-09-28
申请号：US16313209
申请日：2017-06-19
申请人： OPTASENSE HOLDINGS LIMITED
发明人： Chris Esprey , Alastair Godfrey
IPC分类号： B61L1/06 , B61L27/00 , B61L23/04 , B61L1/20 , G01H9/00
摘要： This application relates to methods and apparatus for monitoring data obtained as a train (202) travels on along a rail track (201) to detect the occurrence and/or severity of any significant in-train forces, such as may be caused by heavy braking or excessive acceleration. The method involves taking a first data set corresponding to measurement signals from a plurality of channels of at least one fibre optic distributed acoustic sensor (202) having a sensing fibre (101) deployed to monitor at least part of the rail track. The first data set corresponds to measurement signals acquired as the train passes along the rail track. The method involves analysing the measurement signals to detect a first characteristic signature (402) which consists of a sequence of acoustic transients that appear to propagate rearwards along the train.

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