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    • 81. 发明申请
    • METHOD FOR FORECASTING PRICES AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
    • 预测农业商品价格和其他属性的方法
    • WO02063424A3
    • 2002-11-21
    • PCT/US0202739
    • 2002-02-01
    • WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND
    • COX THOMAS LCHAVAS JEAN-PAULYONG ZHU
    • G06Q30/00G06F17/60
    • G06Q30/02
    • The method and system of the present invention enables the forecasting of agricultural commodity prices and amounts of consumption, production and trade flows across regions, under a variety of supply and demand, trade and domestic policy scenarios and over an at least annual time period. The method employs a multi-component spatial equilibrium function (220) approximating an inter-regional market in agricultural commodities, such as dairy commodities, and enables the setting of trade and domestic policy instruments to enable forecasting under a variety of forecast scenarios. The function (220) further enables the incorporation of intermediate commodities, in addition to primary and processed commodities, to account for the effects of reconstitution technologies on said forecasted values. The method generally comprises creating an inputs database (190) comprising a definition of the regions and forecast scenarios, and a plurality of dairy sector data spanning a number of recent years including commodity prices and amounts of consumption, production and trade flow in the regions; refining the function (250); solving the refined function by maximizing a consumer and a producer surplus net of all transaction costs (300), to generate the forecasts; and, outputting the forecasts to a results database (390). The method may further solve for an optimal amount of intermediate commodities consumed in the making of the final processed commodities by region under an assumption of optimal use to further refine the forecasts (350). The system outputs (370) in the forms of graphs, spreadsheets, maps, or other formats can be delivered electronically through various media.
    • 本发明的方法和系统使得能够预测农产品价格和各地区,各种供求情况下的消费量,生产量和贸易量,贸易和国内政策情景以及至少每年的时间段。 该方法采用多成分空间均衡函数(220)来逼近农产品(如乳制品)的区域间市场,并且能够设定贸易和国内政策工具,以便在各种预测情景下进行预测。 除了初级商品和加工商品之外,功能(220)进一步使中间商品能够包含重构技术对所述预测值的影响。 该方法通常包括创建输入数据库(190),该输入数据库包括区域和预测情景的定义以及跨越多个近年的多个乳品部门数据,包括该区域中的商品价格和消费量,生产量和贸易量; 改进函数(250); 通过最大化消费者和生产者盈余来净化所有交易成本(300)来解决细化的功能,以生成预测; 并且将该预测输出到结果数据库(390)。 该方法可以进一步解决在最佳使用假设下进行最终处理的商品在区域制造中消耗的最佳中间商品数量,以进一步细化预测(350)。 以图表,电子表格,地图或其他格式的形式的系统输出(370)可以通过各种媒体以电子方式递送。
    • 85. 发明申请
    • TEMPLATE-SPECIFIC TERMINATION IN A POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
    • 聚合酶链反应中的模板特异性终止
    • WO0181630A3
    • 2002-08-22
    • PCT/US0112524
    • 2001-04-16
    • WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND
    • LILES MARK RGOODMAN ROBERT M
    • C12P19/34C12Q1/68
    • C12P19/34
    • Described herein is a method for selectively inhibiting the amplification of a specific DNA template during a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In particular, the method is useful when the sequences of the desired and undesired DNA templates are similar. A set of universal primers binds to both the desired and undesired DNA templates during a PCR, resulting in the amplification of their DNA sequences. The method targets the undesired DNA template with three sets of oligonucleotide primers, one set of which is terminally modified to both prevent primer extension and increase the primer-template binding affinity. The result of these terminal modifications is the specific inhibition of the PCR amplification of the undesired DNA template, allowing the preferential amplification of the desired DNA templates.
    • 本文描述了在聚合酶链反应(PCR)期间选择性抑制特异性DNA模板的扩增的方法。 特别地,当所需和不需要的DNA模板的序列相似时,该方法是有用的。 一组通用引物在PCR期间与期望的和不期望的DNA模板结合,导致其DNA序列的扩增。 该方法用三组寡核苷酸引物靶向不需要的DNA模板,其中一组寡核苷酸引物末端修饰以防止引物延伸并增加引物 - 模板结合亲和力。 这些末端修饰的结果是对不需要的DNA模板的PCR扩增的特异性抑制,允许优选扩增所需的DNA模板。
    • 86. 发明申请
    • METHOD FOR EXTRACTING AND SEPARATING METALS USING BACTERIA
    • 使用细菌提取和分离金属的方法
    • WO0206540A3
    • 2002-07-11
    • PCT/US0122378
    • 2001-07-17
    • WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND
    • BANFIELD JILLIAN FWELCH SUSAN ADRUSCHEL GREGORY KLABRENZ MATTHIASMOREAU JOHN W
    • C22B3/18C22B3/02C22B3/20C22B19/00
    • C22B19/26C22B3/18C22B19/22Y02P10/234
    • A technique is presented for the sequential extraction of nearly pure metal sulfides from solutions containing a mixture of metals, such as acid mine drainage. The technique is based on analysis of naturally occurring biofilms that selectively concentrate zinc, in zinc-sulfide, from a complex natural groundwater solution associated with a subsurface metal-sulfide mine. It was predicted and shown experimentally that release of sulfide ions, due to the activity of sulfate reducing bacteria, leads to sequential precipitation of pure metal sulfide phases from a solution of mixed metal ions, so long as the rate of production of sulfide ions does not exceed the rate of supply of the metal ions. This observation makes possible the design of biochemical processes to harness sulfate-reducing bacteria to separate and recover metals from mixed-metal waste streams.
    • 提出了一种技术,用于从含有金属混合物(如酸性矿井排水)的溶液中顺序提取几乎纯金属硫化物。 该技术基于天然存在的生物膜的分析,其选择性地将硫化锌中的锌从与地下金属硫化物矿相关联的复杂天然地下水溶液中浓缩。 通过实验预测和显示,由于硫酸盐还原菌的活性,硫化物离子的释放导致纯金属硫化物相从混合金属离子的溶液中顺序沉淀,只要硫化物离子的产生速率不 超过金属离子的供给速率。 这种观察使生物化学过程的设计成为利用硫酸盐还原细菌从混合金属废物流中分离和回收金属的可能性。
    • 90. 发明申请
    • FLOW CELL FOR SYNTHESIS OF ARRAYS OF DNA PROBES AND THE LIKE
    • 用于合成DNA探针阵列等的流式细胞
    • WO0134847A3
    • 2001-10-18
    • PCT/US0041966
    • 2000-11-08
    • WISCONSIN ALUMNI RES FOUND
    • SINGH-GASSON SANGEETYUE YONGJIANGREEN ROLAND D
    • G01N33/53B01J19/00C12N15/09C12Q1/68C40B40/06C40B60/14G01N33/483G01N35/00G01N37/00G01N27/49
    • G01N35/0098B01J19/0046B01J2219/00281B01J2219/00351B01J2219/00527B01J2219/00596B01J2219/00605B01J2219/00612B01J2219/00722C40B40/06C40B60/14G01N2035/00158
    • A flow cell which can be used in the synthesis of DNA probes on an active surface of the substrate includes a base having a central window opening and a registration surface against which the substrate may be mounted. A gasket having a central opening defining an active area is mounted on the active surface of the substrate and has inlet and output extension openings which extend away from the central opening. A press block is engaged against the gasket to fully enclose an active volume between the press block, the peripheral walls of the central opening in the gasket, and the active surface of the substrate. A press is mounted to the base to selectively press the press block against the gasket and hold it in position. Channels in the press block extend to the extension openings in the gasket to allow flow of reagent into and out of the active volume, which is confined to the thickness of the gasket and can thus be minimized. The press may include a press screw which can be turned to engage against the press block to hold it into position, and which can be turned to release the press block from the gasket, allowing rapid and easy replacement of substrates.
    • 可以用于在基底的活性表面上合成DNA探针的流动池包括具有中央窗口和基底可以安装在其上的配准表面的基底。 具有限定有效区域的中央开口的衬垫安装在衬底的有效表面上并且具有远离中央开口延伸的入口和出口延伸开口。 压块与垫圈接合以完全封闭压块,垫圈中央开口的周壁和基底的有效表面之间的活动体积。 压机安装在底座上,有选择地将压块压在垫圈上并保持其位置。 压块中的通道延伸到垫圈中的延伸开口以允许试剂流入和流出活性体积,活性体积限制在垫圈的厚度并因此可以被最小化。 压力机可以包括一个压力螺钉,该压力螺钉可以转动以与压块接合以将其保持在位,并且可以转动以将压块从垫圈上释放,从而允许快速且容易地更换基材。