Document	Document Title
US08196191B2	Coordinating credentials across disparate credential stores Apparatus and methods are described for coordinating user credentials across multiple disparate credential stores. A synchronizing engine requests and receives past and present credential information from the disparate credential stores. Users indicate which, if any, of the credential information they desire to synch together. Upon common formatting of the credential information, comparisons reveal whether differences exist between the past and present versions. If differences exist, the information is updated. In this manner, users link together various passwords, keys or other secrets to maintain convenience from a single point of control, such as in a single-sign-on (SSO) environment, regardless of the disparateness of the stores. The reverse is also possible such that linked credentials are accessible from the multiple stores. Retrofitting existing SSO services is another feature as are computer program products and computing network interaction. User or enterprise policies are also used in governing these credentials.
US08196188B2	Systems and methods for providing network credentials Exemplary methods and systems for providing network credentials are described. An exemplary method includes receiving a credential request from a digital device over a network device, identifying a network record based on at least some information within the credential request, retrieving a network credential from a plurality of network credentials based on the network record, and transmitting a credential request response containing the network credentials from the plurality of network credentials to the digital device.
US08196182B2	Distributed management of crypto module white lists An apparatus and method for managing the distribution and expansion of public keys held by a group or array of systems in white lists. The addition of a new system to the array entails a manual input to authorize the introduction of the new system to one trusted system in the array. After the introduction the new system is trusted by the one member and the white list of the one member is loaded into the white list of the new system. The new system then requests joining each of the other systems in the array. For each system in the array asked by the new system, the systems in the array ask if any other systems in the array already trust the new member. In response, a system of the array that trusts the new system responds by sending its white list (containing the public key of the new system) to the requesting system. Eventually the public key of the new system is in the white lists of all the systems in the array. In practice this trusts expansion occurs in the background with respect to running applications.
US08196178B2	Expert system analysis and graphical display of privilege elevation pathways in a computing environment A data collection application is executed on a target system. Various data indicative of privilege elevation pathways is collected, including user account data, file permission data, and system registry data. The collected data is analyzed according to heuristics. System accounts are displayed on a graph as nodes. Detected privilege elevations between the accounts are displayed as edges between their corresponding accounts. A user may customize the displayed graph to focus on particular goal accounts, and categories of privilege elevations.
US08196176B2	System and method for identifying a cookie as a privacy threat A system and method for identifying a cookie as a privacy threat is disclosed. The system and method include receiving a request to install a cookie. A privacy policy associated with the cookie is also received, and that privacy policy may be evaluated against a set of predefined criteria. Based on this evaluation, the cookie may be determined to be a privacy threat.
US08196175B2	Self-describing authorization policy for accessing cloud-based resources A ticketing system adapted for use with a cloud-based services platform is provided by a ticket-based authorization model in which the authorization requirements for traversing one or more meshes of resources associated with a cloud service are annotated in links included in a resource that refer to other resources. The meshes are thus self-describing with respect to the association among the resources (i.e., the links) as well as the authorization required to access resources. Resource access requires a principal ticket which asserts that a caller at a client (e.g., a security principal representing a device or identity associated with a user) is authenticated, plus zero or more claim tickets. The claim tickets make additional assertions about the caller that the cloud service may use to check that the caller is authorized to access the resource.
US08196169B1	Coordinate-based set top box policy enforcement system, method and computer program product A system, method and computer program product are provided. In use, a plurality of coordinates of a set top box is identified. In addition, a policy associated with usage of the set top box is enforced utilizing the coordinates.
US08196166B2	Content hosting and advertising systems and methods In an exemplary system, a data store includes at least a subset of media content, media content attribute data associated with the media content, user profile data associated with at least one consumer having access to the media content, advertising content, and content matching data associated with the advertising content. An access module is communicatively coupled to an access device and configured to receive a request sent by the access device, the request being for access to a media content instance included in the media content. A matching module is configured to match at least one advertising content instance included in the advertising content to the media content instance based on the media content attribute data, user profile data, and content matching data. The access module is configured to provide the matched advertising content instance to the access device for user presentation.
US08196162B2	Video media advertising metadata Advertisements and other media content may be placed with or in content items according to contextual information relating to particular portions of the content. For example, advertisements may be matched to products shown in a movie, lyrics used in a song or places named in a work of literature. The contextual information may be defined in a contextual data track of the content item similar to video tracks for video and audio tracks for audio. Accordingly, a content provider or a viewing device may, prior to or during play of a content item, automatically request advertisements or other media content based at least in part on the contextual information stored in the contextual data track of the content item. In one or more arrangements, contextual data may be automatically generated using various image, audio and text processing techniques.
US08196158B2	Method for measuring audience to broadcast service and content at terminal Disclosed is a method of measuring audience ratings for at least more than one service and content in a terminal. The measurement method may include receiving a campaign invitation message for an audience measurement campaign from a server. The campaign invitation message may include at least more than one of information for the audience measurement campaign, information for the server, and information for an opt-in rate of the audience measurement campaign. The method may further include authenticating the information for the server in the campaign invitation message. The method may further include determining whether to participate using the information for the opt-in rate of the audience measurement campaign in the campaign invitation message. The method may further include transmitting a panel opt-in request message to the server according to the determination result. The method may further include receiving a panel opt-in response message from the server.
US08196140B2	Service function redirection for avoiding function evaluation blockages Threads operating in a computing environment often invoke service functions, such as methods of a programming library. Such invocations may sometimes cause a blocking of the thread, which may be protracted. A long pendency of the service function invocation and blocking of the thread may be acceptable in some operating contexts, such as the ordinary processing of the thread, but may be unacceptable in other operating contexts, such as while performing a function evaluation during debugging. Such blocking may be mitigated by redirecting a service function to an abort function if the service function is capable of blocking the thread and the thread is operating in a safe mode. The thread may then be permitted to execute, and the potentially blocking service functions may be avoided, resulting in a function evaluation abort (e.g., an exception) rather than a blocked thread and a failed debugging scenario.
US08196138B2	Method and system for migrating virtual machines between hypervisors A method for migrating virtual machines between hypervisors is disclosed. Initially, metadata describing a virtual machine are automatically scanned and parsed. The structure of the metadata of a source virtual machine are automatically analyzed. Elements of this structure are mapped to corresponding entries of a target virtual machine. A target metadata descriptor to be used as part of the target virtual machine is generated. A predefined layout description of the data stored in a file system image of the source virtual machine read. A predefined layout description of the data to be stored in a file system image to be used at the target virtual machine is also read. The data are extracted from the source virtual machine. A template of a file system image for the target virtual system is generated. Storage space corresponding to the target virtual machine is allocated, and the extracted data are inserted into the allocated storage space.
US08196137B2	Remote auto provisioning and publication of applications Techniques for auto provisioning and publication of applications are described. The auto provisioning process enables automatic installation of applications having their respective file packages pre-stored in the server. Subsequently, publication of these applications is conducted automatically. By employing such an automatic process, the latency involved in provisioning and publication of remote applications is reduced, thereby making the process more efficient.
US08196131B1	Payment application lifecycle management in a contactless smart card Managing the lifecycle of a card software application received from a remote trusted service manager (TSM) for a secure element of a contactless smart card comprises receiving, from the remote TSM, a card application and an instruction for performing a function on the card application. The card application comprises account information of one card instrument and an application identifier (AID). The instruction is rendered in the secure element to perform the function on the card application. The card application is registered in a control application of the secure element using the AID. The control application comprises a list of AIDs of previously received and registered card software applications and a card application status tag for each of the listed AIDs. The card application status tag of the registered card application is updated in the control application based on the function performed.
US08196126B2	Methods and systems for dynamically generating and optimizing code for business rules Systems and methods are provided for generating high-level program code of a rule-based application for interpreting and executing business rules. In one exemplary embodiment, a method is provided that comprises retrieving high-level program code capable of performing the functionality of a business rule called by the rule-based application, wherein the high-level program code includes an annotated set of instructions for the dynamic generation of generated code. The method may also comprise processing the annotated set of instructions with a generator component to create generated code from the high-level program code, mapping the generated code to the called business rule, and utilizing the generated code to execute the functionality of the called business rule.
US08196124B2	SIMD code generation in the presence of optimized misaligned data reorganization Loop code is generated to execute on Single-Instruction Multiple-Datapath (SIMD) architectures, where the loop operates on datatypes having different lengths. Further, a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a novel technique to efficiently realign or shift arbitrary streams to an arbitrary offset, regardless whether the alignments or offsets are known at the compile time or not. This technique enables the application of advanced alignment optimizations to runtime alignment. This allows sequential loop code operating on datatypes of disparate length to be transformed (“simdized”) into optimized SIMD code through a fully automated process.
US08196119B2	Computer program product of code coverage utilizing efficient dynamic mutation of logic (EDML) A computer program product for code coverage utilizing efficient dynamic mutation of logic (EDML) are provided. A source code is read, and instrumentation points are located. Self Modifying Code (SMC) is inserted at the instrumentation points producing instrumented code. Additional functions are inserted in the source code to enable read and/or reset of code coverage statistics. The instrumented code is compiled, and executables are run for a period of time during which zero or more instrumentation points are executed. In response to executing instrumentation points, instructions are executed to record execution of the instrumented code. Instructions of the instrumented code overwrite themselves at certain points so that a next execution of the instrumentation points skips over the instrumented code at the certain points. Code coverage statistics are gathered and recorded. The code coverage statistics are reset to begin another period of time for gathering code coverage statistics.
US08196115B2	Method for automatic detection of build regressions A method and apparatus for automatically performing regression processing on trace data are provided. With the apparatus and method, call tree data structures are generated for two or more executions of two or more builds of a computer program. The apparatus and method perform a “tree-minimization” operation on each set of call tree data structures for each of the builds to generate minimized call tree data structures for each build of the computer program. The minimized call tree data structures are then subtracted from one another to generate a subtracted minimized call tree data structure. From this subtracted minimized call tree data structure, the portions of the computer program that are different from build to build and which appreciably and consistently affect the difference in execution of the computer program from build to build may be identified. Thus, the analyst's attention is directed to these areas of the computer program code which may be optimized in order to obtain better execution of the computer program.
US08196110B2	Method and apparatus for verifying a suspect return pointer in a stack The present invention provides a computer implemented method, data processing system, and computer program product for verifying a return address. A computer stores the return address into a stack based on a function call. The computer generates a first hash based on a first stack frame and a second stack frame. The computer stores the first hash in a first canary location, wherein the first canary location is in the first stack frame. The computer executes at least one instruction of a routine referenced by the function call. The computer reads the first canary location to form a first suspect hash. The computer calculates a first verification hash based on the first stack frame and the second stack frame. The computer determines that the first verification hash matches the first suspect hash to form a first positive determination. The computer responsive to the first positive determination, the computer reads a second canary location to form a second suspect hash. The computer calculates a second verification hash based on the second stack frame. The computer determines that the second verification hash matches the second suspect hash to form a second positive determination. The computer responsive to the first positive determination and the second positive determination, the computer pops the return address off the stack. The computer executes at least one instruction at a memory location pointed to by the return address.
US08196109B2	Common debug adaptor in a multiple computer programming language environment Software developers working on multi-language systems with various debug tools (BPEL, AE, Java, etc.) can use a common debug adaptor (CDA). The CDA implements a method of debugging in a multi-computer program language environment. The method includes registering various debug tools associated with different programming languages in the multi-computer program language environment, each one of the plurality of debug tools providing suspended threads and stack frames in response to a debug event in the multi-computer program language environment. The method can further include receiving the suspended threads and stack frames from the plurality of debug tools. The method can further include correlating the received suspended threads and stack frames under a common suspended thread; and providing the common suspended thread in a debug view. Such a method can have a number of attributes intended to assist developers facing debugging problems in multi-language systems.
US08196103B2	Ejection failure mechanism A system and method for an ejection failure mechanism is provided. The system receives a request to eject an ejectable resource, and, provides information associated with a failure of the ejection of the ejectable resource, if ejection of the ejectable resource is unsuccessful. The system thus provides a deterministic mechanism through which information associated with failure of the ejection of an ejectable resource can be communicated. As such, an initiator of the request to eject can receive information associated with a cause of the ejection failure.
US08196100B2	Content management system for computer software with dynamic traceability between code and design documents A content management system (CMS) for computer software provides automatic notification and correlation of changes in a design document with corresponding code, and provides automatic notification and correlation of changes in the code with one or more corresponding design documents. Traceability rules are defined that correlate which portions of the code correspond to which portions of the design document. A traceability update policy governs whether interested parties are notified of a change to either the design document or the corresponding code, and whether the change to one causes an automatic update to the other. The result is a content management system that helps keep the code and corresponding design documents consistent with each other so the system has accurate and consistent information at all times.
US08196098B2	System and method for executing temporary processing agents A system for managing temporary processing agents. A first code routine is provided as an empty routine in an agent including first executable code, the empty routine consisting of non-executable code. A programming component selectively loads second executable code to the first routine for converting the empty routine to a populated routine. A code element issues a call to the first routine. An agent execution component is responsive to the first routine being a populated routine for executing the second executable code.
US08196097B1	Method and apparatus for extending a software gadget One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for extending a gadget. During operation, the system initially executes a gadget extension which extends a host gadget. In doing so, the system obtains from the gadget extension a specifier for the host gadget and a specifier for an interface. Next, the system establishes a communication interface between the gadget extension and the host gadget through the interface. Finally, the system uses functionality of the host gadget within the gadget extension via communication through the communication interface.
US08196096B2	.Net ribbon model for a ribbon user interface An object model is provided that allows .NET developers to customize the Office Ribbon user interface according to a .NET Ribbon model rather than the Ribbon XML/callback model of Office applications. The .NET Ribbon model implements the IRibbonExtensibility interface and provides properties and events for Ribbon components. At runtime, the .NET Ribbon model generates and provides an Office application or document with the XML needed to render the custom Ribbon user interface. A visual designer tool uses the .NET Ribbon model to provide .NET developers with a component view architecture that allows developers to set component properties and generate events.
US08196092B2	XSL dialog modules A method, system, and computer program product are provided for generating an Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) dialog modules (XDM). Voice Extensible Markup Language (VoiceXML) documents operating under voice portal applications employ a series of dialog modules that facilitate operational flow through the application by invoking specific caller-centric events. These dialog modules are divided into two components—XML and XSL dialog modules. The division of the modules causes a clean separation between data (the XML component) and behavior (the XSL component). The XSL component in conjunction with an XML framework operable with the XSL component forms an XDM. Because behavioral aspects remain consistent from application to application, a library of XDMs can be provided to facilitate reuse, thereby minimizing redundancy and reducing development time and cost, and facilitating rapid market entry for organizational products.
US08196083B1	Incremental placement and routing In one embodiment, a method is provided for incremental routing of a circuit design having modified and unmodified signals. Critical routed signals of the partially routed circuit design are determined. For each critical routed signal, a first set of routing constraints is applied to prevent rerouting of the signal. The partially routed circuit design is routed according to the first set of routing constraints to produce a non-conflicting routing solution. In response to the non-conflicting routing solution not meeting timing requirements, the first set of routing constraints is removed and post-routing optimization processes are performed on the non-conflicting routing solution to reduce propagation delay of one or more signals.
US08196079B2	Method and system for the modular design and layout of integrated circuits An integrated circuit (IC) and fabrication method thereof is provided that include the steps of specifying a plurality of required tile modules suitable for a particular end application, each of the modular tiles being configured to perform a predetermined function and constructed to have approximately the same length and width dimensions. The modular tiles are used to form the IC in a standard IC fabrication process. In many implementations, physical layout of the IC does not include the step of routing. Capabilities also include configuring the modular tiles to have programmable performance parameters and configuring the modular tiles to cooperate usefully with one another based on a programmable parameter.
US08196078B2	Method for predicting and debugging EMI characteristics in IC system and related machine-readable medium A method for predicting and debugging electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics of an integrated circuit (IC) system includes the following steps: selecting a frequency domain range according to transformed raw data of the IC system to generate a blocking frequency analysis result, wherein the transformed raw data are transformed by a time-frequency waveform transformation; setting criteria data; comparing the blocking frequency analysis result with the criteria data to generate at least one comparison result; and generating a pass analysis report when a processing unit determines that each comparison result is passed; otherwise, executing an EMI design time-frequency analysis.
US08196072B2	Method and apparatus of patterning semiconductor device Provided is an apparatus for fabricating a semiconductor device. The apparatus includes a first photomask and a second photomask. The first photomask has a plurality of first features thereon, and the first photomask having a first global pattern density. The second photomask has a plurality of second features thereon, and the second photomask has a second global pattern density. The plurality of first and second features collectively define a layout image of a layer of the semiconductor device. The first and second global pattern densities have a predetermined ratio.
US08196064B2	Method, system, and computer program product for managing controlled residential or non-residential environments A control server, or similar central processor, manages the distribution of data (including audio and video), voice, and control signals among a plurality of devices connected via a wired and/or wireless communications network. The devices include audio/visual devices (such as, televisions, monitors, PDAs, notepads, notebooks, MP3, portable stereo, etc.) as well as household appliances (such as, lighting, ovens, alarm clocks, etc.). The control server supports video/audio serving, telephony, messaging, file sharing, internetworking, and security. A portable controller allows a user to access and control the network devices from any location within a controlled residential and/or non-residential environment, including its surrounding areas. The controllers are enhanced to support location-awareness and user-awareness functionality.
US08196056B2	Handling parameters in block diagram modeling A mechanism for processing graphical block diagram parameter expressions is presented. The mechanism achieves optimal implementation of block equations in the execution (run-time) environment by defining a mapping between user-defined block parameters and a run-time version of the parameters. The parameter processing mechanism also pools like, non-interfaced parameter expressions, allowing reuse of both uniform and non-uniform data across constant block parameters in the generated code and during model execution. The parameter processing mechanism further maintains an execution structure that maps the run-time parameter expressions containing interfaced variables to generated code for the block diagram so that the interfaced variables appear in the generated code. This mapping thus allows for interfacing to the interfaced variables in the generated code from any execution framework.
US08196055B2	Controlling application windows in an operating system Systems and methods are provided for controlling the appearance of application windows on a computer display screen. A user identifies either an application window currently running on the computer or a new application to be started. The user also identifies a size, shape, and screen location by inputting a geometric shape, such as by drawing a rectangle with a pen or stylus input device, on the display screen. The appearance of the application window is set based on the geometric shape. The application window is resized and moved, for a currently running application, or created, for a new application, on the display screen.
US08196046B2	Parallel visual radio station selection A computer implemented method in a data processing system and a computer program product enable visual selection of a media signal. A set of media signals is received from a set of media providers. A subject matter and a performer of the subject matter are then identified for at least one of the set of media signals. A set of icons is then identified. Each of the set of icons corresponds to at least one of media signals. The set of icons and the set of media providers are then forwarded to a client media player.
US08196041B2	Method and system for processing information relating to active regions of a page of physical document A method and system for processing information relating to active regions of a page of physical document. A transparent electro-luminescent tablet or other touch sensitive plate is coupled to a workstation and positioned over the page. Active regions traced on the page by a first user are received from the tablet or plate by a workstation and recorded in an active regions table within the workstation. Information recorded in the active regions table include: identification of the active regions and associated hyperlinks received by the workstation from the first user; and geometric coordinates defining an outline of each active region. The workstation receives from a second user coordinates pertaining to a point within at least one active region, from which and from information in the active regions table, the workstation identifies the at least one active region and displays its associated hyperlinks on a computer screen of the workstation.
US08196033B2	Converting between data sources and XML A mapping language, insertable into a DTD, allows automatic mapping from data sources into XML. A mapping results from the establishment of a correspondence between entities in a data source on the one hand and lists and scalars on the other hand. The language maps the lists and scalars to XML elements and attributes. The mapping language includes two constructs: the binding specification and the value specification. The value specification associates with a value or choice declaration. The binding specification includes at least one variable/expression pair. The constructs are insertable into a DTD to create an annotated DTD.
US08196025B2	Turbo LDPC decoding An iterative low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoding system comprises a first shift register for storing bit estimates, a plurality of parity-check processing node banks configured for processing the bit estimates for generating messages, combiners configured for combining the messages with the bit estimates for generating updated bit estimates, and fixed permuters for permuting the updated bit estimates to facilitate storage and access of the bit estimates. A second shift register is provided for storing the messages, and a subtraction module subtracts messages generated a predetermined number of cycles earlier from the updated bit estimates.
US08196022B2	Hamming radius separated deduplication links A method of de-duplicating duplicate data in a data storage system that includes identifying a plurality of portions of data, comparing each portion of the data to identify duplicate data and identifying a link associated with each duplicate data, determining whether a Hamming link-separation-distance between the identified link and all other existing links is greater than twice the Hamming radius of an error correction code in the data storage system, and then replacing the duplicate data with the identified link.
US08196021B2	Apparatus and method for frame transmission An apparatus for frame transmission includes a dummy data inserting unit that inserts dummy data, at timing of an interval in which a received frame input intermittently is not detected, in a sequence of processing processes of scrambling processing of user data cut out from the received frame, reading-out of the data after the scrambling processing with a parity appended thereto from a memory and parity checking thereof, and descrambling processing of the data after the parity checking, and an error determining unit that determines whether an error is occurring in the sequence of the processing processes, based on the dummy data obtained by the descrambling processing of the dummy data inserted in the sequence of the processing processes by the dummy data inserting unit.
US08196015B2	Method for transmitting and receiving a data block and a corresponding transmitter and receiver The invention relates to a method for transmitting a data block (104) via a message channel (130), said method having the following steps of: —subdividing the data block into at least one first sub-block (108) and one second sub-block (110), —generating first check data (114) for the first sub-block (108) and second check data (116) for the second sub-block (110), wherein a first transmission sub-block (118) is formed by the first sub-block and the first check data, and wherein a second transmission sub-block (120) is formed by the second sub-block and the second check data, —transmitting the first and second transmission sub-blocks in a transmission block (124) via the message channel, wherein the order of the bits to be transmitted in the transmission block is determined by a predefined scheme, wherein the scheme is designed in such a manner that one or more bits of the first transmission sub-block and one or more bits of the second transmission sub-block alternately follow one another.
US08196012B2	Method and system for encoding and decoding low-density-parity-check (LDPC) codes An approximated lower-triangle structure for the parity-check matrix of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes which allows linear-time-encoding complexity of the codes is disclosed, and the parity part of the parity-check matrix is semi-deterministic which allows high flexibility when designing the LDPC codes in order to provide higher error-correction capabilities than a typical dual-diagonal structure.
US08196011B2	Error detection and correction circuit and semiconductor memory Input data (1A) having an integral multiple of 8 bits is divided into symbols in units of b bits (b is an integer of 5 to 7) in a register file 10, an error detecting code is added in an error detection calculation circuit 20, and then encoding (such as Reed Solomon (RS) encoding) having an error correction capability of two or more symbols is performed in a parity calculation circuit 30 to record the data in a storage 40. In the reproduction, error correction in units of symbols is performed to reproduced data from the storage 40 in an error correction circuit 70, error detection processing is performed in an error detection calculation circuit 80, and then data having the integral multiple of 8 bits is recovered in a register file 90 to output the same. By this means, it is possible to provide a storage system with high reliability to a soft error that occurs in a storage such as semiconductor memory.
US08196007B2	Frequency-diversity 8-VSB AM broadcasting to mobile/handheld receivers A system for broadcasting the same data in concatenated convolutional coded (CCC) form from a network of 8-VSB amplitude-modulation transmitters operated with different radio-frequency carrier waves assigns the coded data to time-interleaved ones of time slots that are universal throughout the network. Therefore, a mobile/handheld (M/H) receiver with a single frequency-agile tuner can provide frequency-diversity reception of the time-interleaved data in CCC form. Alternatively, an M/H receiver with two tuners is used to provide frequency-diversity reception of the time-interleaved data in CCC form. The system for a network of 8-VSB AM transmitters that broadcast the same data in CCC form can further provide for each 8-VSB AM transmitter to make repeated transmissions of data in CCC form, to facilitate iterative-diversity reception of those transmissions by M/H receivers.
US08195994B2	Inverter and TMS clocked flip-flop pairs between TCK and reset This disclosure describes a reduced pin bus that can be used on integrated circuits or embedded cores within integrated circuits. The bus may be used for serial access to circuits where the availability of pins on ICs or terminals on cores is limited. The bus may be used for a variety of serial communication operations such as, but not limited to, serial communication related test, emulation, debug, and/or trace operations of an IC or core design. Other aspects of the disclosure include the use of reduced pin buses for emulation, debug, and trace operations and for functional operations.
US08195990B2	Misalignment compensation for proximity communication In a proximity communication system, transmit elements on one chip are aligned with receive elements on a second chip juxtaposed with the first chip. However, if the elements are misaligned, either statically or dynamically, the coupling between chips is degraded. The misalignment may be compensated by controllably degrading performance of the system. For example, the transmit signal strength may be increased. The bit period or the time period for biasing each bit may be increased, thereby decreasing the bandwidth. Multiple coupling elements, such as capacitors, may be ganged together, thereby decreasing the number of channels. The granularity of symbols, such as images, may be increased by decreasing the number of bits per symbol. Multiple coupling elements, such as capacitors, may be ganged together, thereby decreasing the number of channels.
US08195971B2	Solid state disk and method of managing power supply thereof and terminal including the same A solid state disk and a method for managing power supply of the solid state disk and a terminal including the solid state disk. The solid state disk includes at least one data storage module for storing data, a management module for controlling data operation for said data storage module, controlling said data storage module as an operating power supply state when said data storage module is performing the data operation, and controlling said data storage module as a non-operating power supply state at other times. The data storage module may be enabled as the operating power supply state only when the data operation is performed for a certain data storage module, and the data storage module may be set as the non-operating power supply state when it is in the idle state or after the data operation is completed. Thus, the power consumption of the solid state disk is effectively saved, and the duration of the notebook computer which applies the solid state disk is prolonged.
US08195950B2	Secure and seamless wireless public domain wide area network and method of using the same A wireless public domain Wide Area Network (WPDWAN) is a system and method of providing high throughput data services to public domain customers through the use of encoded 2.4 Ghz microwave transmissions. Connecting computers to multi-point wireless bridges USi11g the 2.4 Ghz spectrum has been available for many years. However, the concept of opening the service to public domain has long been limited due to authentication, security and inevitable routing concerns. With the incorporation of a wireless router, methods of authentication through the use LDAP MAC authentication with route control and logical segmentation to preclude sniffing actions. This problem has been addressed with WPDWAN. The WPDWAN provides high data throughput connection rates to residential, commercial and mobile customers. The WPDWAN allows users to connect to the Internet backbone using a 2.4 Ghz 802.IIb standard PCMCIA card. These cards function at rates of at least 2 Mbps. The wireless card connects the computer to the Internet backbone and allows the customer to remain either stationary or be mobile within the area of coverage.
US08195944B2	Automated method for securely establishing simple network management protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) authentication and privacy keys In an SNMP network including a Manager Station having a first digital certificate and an Agent Station having a second digital certificate, the MS generates a simple network management protocol (SNMP) configuration file which includes SNMP authentication keys and SNMP encryption keys for use by the MS and the AS for authentication and for encrypting communications between the MS and the AS, respectively. Mutual authentication can be performed using the first and second digital certificates to establish a secure session between the MS and the AS. The MS can encrypt the SNMP configuration file and transmit it to the AS which can then decrypt the encrypted SNMP configuration file to generate the SNMP authentication keys and the SNMP privacy keys. The MS and the AS can then use the SNMP authentication and privacy keys to conduct secure SNMP communications between the MS and the AS.
US08195943B2	Signaling with opaque UE identities Techniques for deriving temporary identifiers (IDs) used to address specific user equipments (UEs) in a wireless communication network are described. At a network entity, a first ID assigned to a UE and additional information such as, e.g., a salt value and/or shared secret data for the UE, are transformed to obtain a second ID for the UE. The first ID and/or the shared secret data may be updated, e.g., whenever a signaling message is sent to the UE. A signaling message directed to the UE is generated based on the second ID and sent via a common channel. At the UE, a message is received via the common channel. The first ID and additional information such as, e.g., a salt value obtained from the received message and/or shared secret data for the UE, are transformed to obtain the second ID, which is used to determine whether the received message is intended for the UE.
US08195934B1	Systems and methods for managing certificates Systems and methods for managing certificates are described. A system comprises modules to receive requests related to a digital certificate, receive responses related to authorization of the digital certificate related to the requests, and store the requests and responses. A system comprises modules to communicate audit requests, receive responses related to the audit requests, and store the responses. A system comprises modules configured to communicate audit requests related to different certificate authorization entities, receive responses related to the audit requests, and store the responses. Other embodiments are described.
US08195931B1	Application change control A change management system for and method of change management control, monitoring, and analysis is disclosed. A change management system comprises a means for generating configuration item change information, and a means for processing configuration item change information for logical system groups according to an information structure. The information structure for the logical groups is comprised at least one of change rule information for the configuration items, interrelationship information between the configuration items and the system components, interrelationship information between system components. The method can be used as a monitoring tool for determining the effect of configuration changes. The configuration item change information is analyzed according to an information structure which comprises at least one of information structure that defines one or more configuration item change rules, interrelationship information between the at least one configuration item and one or more system components, and interrelationship information between one or more system components.
US08195926B2	Method and system for purging pattern history tables as a function of global accuracy in a state machine-based filtered gshare branch predictor A method, system and computer product for purging pattern history tables as a function of global accuracy in a state machine-based filter gshare branch predictor. An exemplary embodiment includes a method including storing a plurality of encountered branch instructions in the branch history table, indexing the branch history table by a branch instruction address, modifying an entry of the branch history table, indexing the pattern history table, selecting at least one of a branch history entry and a pattern history table entry as a prediction for the branch instruction, wherein the pattern history table entry is selected as the prediction for the branch instruction in response to the branch history entry being in a state specifying to use the pattern history table entry, comparing a pattern history table accuracy to an accuracy threshold, and in response to the pattern history table accuracy falling below the accuracy threshold, purging the PHT.
US08195922B2	System for dynamically allocating processing time to multiple threads A pipeline processor architecture, processor, and methods are provided. In one implementation, a processor is provided that includes an instruction fetch unit operable to fetch instructions associated with a plurality of processor threads, a decoder responsive to the instruction fetch unit, issue logic responsive to the decoder, and a register file including a plurality of banks corresponding to the plurality of processor threads. Each bank is operable to store data associated with a corresponding processor thread. The processor can include a set of registers corresponding to each of a plurality of processor threads. Each register within a set is located either before or after a pipeline stage of the processor.
US08195919B1	Handling multi-cycle integer operations for a multi-threaded processor Determining an effective address of a memory with a three-operand add operation in single execution cycle of a multithreaded processor that can access both segmented memory and non-segmented memory. During that cycle, the processor determines whether a memory segment base is zero. If the segment base is zero, the processor can access a memory location at the effective address without adding the segment base. If the segment base is not zero, such as when executing legacy code, the processor consumes another cycle to add the segment base to the effective address. Similarly, the processor consumes another cycle if the effective address or the linear address is misaligned. An integer execution unit that performs the three-operand add using a carry-save adder coupled to a carry look-ahead adder. If the segment base is not zero, the effective address is fed back through the integer execution unit to add the segment base.
US08195918B2	Memory hub with internal cache and/or memory access prediction A computer system includes a memory hub for coupling a processor to a plurality of synchronous dynamic random access memory (“SDRAM”) devices. The memory hub includes a processor interface coupled to the processor and a plurality of memory interfaces coupled to respective SDRAM devices. The processor interface is coupled to the memory interfaces by a switch. Each of the memory interfaces includes a memory controller, a cache memory, and a prediction unit. The cache memory stores data recently read from or written to the respective SDRAM device so that it can be subsequently read by processor with relatively little latency. The prediction unit prefetches data from an address from which a read access is likely based on a previously accessed address.
US08195917B2	Extended page size using aggregated small pages A processor including a virtual memory paging mechanism. The virtual memory paging mechanism enables an operating system operating on the processor to use pages of a first size and a second size, the second size being greater than the first size. The mechanism further enables the operating system to use superpages including two or more contiguous pages of the first size. The size of a superpage is less than the second size. The processor further includes a page table having a separate entry for each of the pages included in each superpage. The operating system accesses each superpage using a single virtual address. The mechanism interprets a single entry in a translation lookaside buffer TLB as referring to a region of memory comprising a set of pages that correspond to a superpage in response to detecting a superpage enable indicator associated with the entry in the TLB is asserted.
US08195914B2	Mechanism for remapping post virtual machine memory pages According to one embodiment, a computer system is disclosed. The computer system includes a processor, a chipset coupled to the processor and a memory coupled to the chipset. The chipset translates partitioned virtual machine memory addresses received from the processor to page level addresses.
US08195911B2	Numerical controller capable of dividing and combining memory areas to store machining programs and binary data A memory other than a non-volatile memory in a numerical controller is divided into a plurality of memory areas in response to a command from a computer connected to the numerical controller. Whether a machining program has been stored in each of the divided memory areas is decided before a machining program stored on a hard disk in the computer is transferred to the memory other than the non-volatile memory. The machining program stored on the hard disk is then written to an area for which it is determined that no machining program is stored.
US08195910B2	Methods and systems for fragments retrieval from a type based push to storage system Methods and systems for fragments retrieval from a type based push to storage system. One method includes the steps of receiving fragment-to-type association information and type-to-physical-address association information of a content comprising a plurality of content fragments distributed among a plurality of storage-and-computing elements; and providing at least one storage-and-computing element physical address for each of the content fragments to be retrieved.
US08195901B2	Firehose dump of SRAM write cache data to non-volatile memory using a supercap A mechanism is provided for firehose dumping modified data in a static random access memory of a hard disk drive to non-volatile memory of the hard disk drive during a power event. Responsive an indication of a power event in the hard disk drive, hard disk drive command processing is suspended. A token is set in the non-volatile storage indicating that flash memory in the non-volatile memory contains modified data. A portion of a static random access memory cache table containing information on the modified data in the static random access memory is copied to the flash memory. The modified data from the static random access memory is then copied to the flash memory. Responsive to a determination that the power event that initiated the copy of the modified data in the static random access memory to the flash memory is still present, the hard disk drive is shut down.
US08195900B2	Method which utilizes a power saving function of a storage system by using pair operation information A storage area management method utilizes a storage system power saving function by using copy pair operation information obtained by acquiring an operation schedule of an application host. The method includes retrieving at least one candidate logical volume for creating a primary logical volume from a plurality of storage device groups, judging whether the retrieved candidate logical volume(s) on a primary side satisfies a condition of the primary logical volume, retrieving at least one candidate logical volume for creating a secondary logical volume from the storage device groups, judging whether the retrieved candidate logical volume(s) on a secondary side satisfies a condition of the secondary logical volume, and creating a copy pair based on the retrieving and judging. The method enables appropriate arrangement of the primary and secondary logical volumes, and creation of a copy pair for an appropriate disk device group, thereby managing and saving storage system power.
US08195888B2	Multiprocessor cache prefetch with off-chip bandwidth allocation Technologies are generally described for allocating available prefetch bandwidth among processor cores in a multiprocessor computing system. The prefetch bandwidth associated with an off-chip memory interface of the multiprocessor may be determined, partitioned, and allocated across multiple processor cores.
US08195874B2	Storage apparatus and method for shredding storage medium Provided is a storage apparatus 10 including a communication I/F 11, a control processor 12, a drive controller 13, and a cache memory 14, which manages a drive write request to write data to a storage drive 171 in a write process wait queue 1500, reads the drive write request registered on the write process wait queue 1500, and writes the data to the storage drive 171 in accordance with the drive write request read from the write process wait queue 1500. The storage apparatus 10 includes the functions of: generating erase data as data to be written in order to shred the storage drive 171, and storing the generated erase data in the cache memory 14; and generating a plurality of erase data write requests to write the erase data, intended for the different storage drives 171, respectively, and registering the generated erase data write requests into the write process wait queue 1500.
US08195860B2	Computing device with handheld and extended computing devices A handheld computing unit includes a processing module, memory, a transceiver, a first extended computing unit interface, a second extended computing unit interface, and an interconnection structure operably coupled to the processing module, the memory, the transceiver, and the first and second extended computing unit interfaces. The first extended computing unit interface couples to a first extended computing unit and the second extended computing unit interface coupled to a second extended computing unit such that the handheld computing unit and the extended computing units constitute a computing device.
US08195858B1	Managing conflicts on shared L2 bus One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a mechanism to schedule read data transmissions and write data transmissions to/from a cache to frame buffer logic on the L2 bus. When processing a read or a write command, a scheduling arbiter examines a bus schedule to determine that a read-read conflict, a read-write conflict or a write-read exists, and allocates an available memory space in a read buffer to store the read data causing the conflict until the read return data transmission can be scheduled. In the case of a write command, the scheduling arbiter then transmits a write request to a request buffer. When processing a write request, the request arbiter examines the request buffers to determine whether a write-write conflict. If so, then the request arbiter allocates a memory space in a request buffer to store the write request until the write data transmission can be scheduled.
US08195854B1	Method and mechanism to provide high availability storage solution by load balancing and fault tolerance support in the storage controller cards and HBAs Disclosed is a method and mechanism for virtualizing the resources of multiple physical storage controller cards/HBAs available to a host computer system into a single virtual controller. An Advanced Storage Driver (ASD) may be inserted in a layer above the base device drivers of the storage controllers/HBAs and act as a single virtual controller for access to the end target devices connected to the multiple physical storage controllers/HBAs so that at any point in time the resources of each of the controllers/HBAs may be dynamically allocated to the various requested operations. The ASD may have bi-directional communication with each controller/HBA firmware directly and/or with the base device driver associated with each controller/HBA in order to permit both direct and base device driver controlled communication with each of the physical controllers/HBAs. The ASD may further provide load sharing between the controllers/HBAs as well as fault tolerance functionality to reroute communications through a different controller/HBA in the event of a failure of one or more of the controllers/HBAs.
US08195853B2	Keyboard-video-monitor-periphery (KVMP) switch Embodiments of the present invention describe KVMP switch system that can individually control each peripheral device and KVM ports connected to the KVMP switch system and methods of operating the same. In one embodiment, a KVMP switch system for switching includes a plurality of console and peripheral devices with any one of a plurality of computer servers includes a plurality of computer connector zones, each computer connector zone having a plurality of computer ports adapted to connect to a computer server, a console port zone having a plurality of console ports adapted to connect to at least a console device and a peripheral device, and a control zone having a plurality of selector switches and a toggle switch, the toggle switch having at least two operable positions, each selector switch associated with a respective one of the computer connector zones and operable to couple one or more selected computer ports of the associated computer connector zone to an associated the console port, the toggle switch operable to determine which computer ports are selected for switching by the selector switches.
US08195850B2	Universal bidirectional serial data transport interface and its data transport method A UTI (Universal Transport Interface) is provided in the invention, the UTI comprising a transceiving unit, configured to receive and transmit data which accords with USB (Universal Serial Bus) specification; a detecting unit, configured to detect the data received by the transceiving unit to determine whether to convert the received data into data which accords with a particular specification; and a conversion unit, configured to convert the received data into the data which accords with the particular specification when determining that the received data should be converted into the data which accords with the particular specification, and to convert the transmission data which accords with the particular specification into data which accords with the USB specification for transmission via the transceiving unit. With the UTI provided in the invention, service cards may be separated from devices for DTV and various value-added services may be provided.
US08195846B2	Direct memory access controller for improving data transmission efficiency in MMoIP and method therefor A direct memory access controller (DMAC) for improving data transmission efficiency in multi-media over internet protocol (MMoIP) and a method therefor are provided. The DMAC requests and obtains a bus control right by determining that a DMA request signal is generated not only when a DMA request signal of a module for processing data in MMoIP is received but also when an operation of a timer operating during a predetermined period set considering periodicity of data in MMoIP is completed. Thus, the time taken to request a bus control right in a conventional DMAC can be reduced, thereby improving data transmission efficiency in MMoIP.
US08195845B2	Memory system having high data transfer efficiency and host controller According to one embodiment, the host controller includes a register set to issue command, and a direct memory access (DMA) unit and accesses a system memory and a device. First, second, third and fourth descriptors are stored in the system memory. The first descriptor includes a set of a plurality of pointers indicating a plurality of second descriptors. Each of the second descriptors comprises the third descriptor and fourth descriptor. The third descriptor includes a command number, etc. The fourth descriptor includes information indicating addresses and sizes of a plurality of data arranged in the system memory. The DMA unit sets, in the register set, the contents of the third descriptor forming the second descriptor, from the head of the first descriptor as a start point, and transfers data between the system memory and the host controller in accordance with the contents of the fourth descriptor.
US08195844B2	Systems, devices, and/or methods for managing communications Certain exemplary embodiments can provide a system, which can comprise a programmable logic controller (PLC). The system can comprise a serial communications port connected to the PLC. In certain exemplary embodiments, the system can comprise a controller adapted to enable a customer application program to access and control the serial communications port.
US08195840B2	Method for controlling the active data interface when multiple interfaces are available Systems and methods are provided for controlling which of multiple data interfaces in an electronic device is used for communication with another electronic device so as to minimize disruption of the user experience. In one embodiment, a switch may be provided that is configured to maintain the data stream through a presently used data interface even when other data interfaces become physically connected or available for data transfer. Benefits of unused, but nevertheless connected data interfaces may be received by the electronic device without initiating a transfer of the communication duties between interfaces.
US08195832B2	Facilitating management of layer 2 hardware address table based on packet priority information A network switching device comprises hardware address table storage space, a priority comparison mechanism, and an address table management mechanism. The hardware address table storage space having a number of entries therein. Each one of the entries within the hardware address table storage space includes respective information designating a priority of a respective source network address. The priority comparison mechanism is configured for comparing the priority designating information of the received packet with the priority designating information of at least a portion of the entries within the hardware address table storage space in response to determining that a number of entries within the hardware address table storage space is equal to a capacity of the hardware address table storage space. The address table management mechanism is configured for replacing an entry within the hardware address table storage space with an entry having contents corresponding to the received packet in response to determining that a priority level corresponding to the priority designating information of the received packet is higher than a priority level corresponding to the priority designating information of the replaced entry.
US08195831B2	Method and apparatus for determining and using server performance metrics with domain name services Methods for determining and utilizing server performance metrics in a network are provided. For example, such methods can involve determining the service availability and metric measurements of types of services provided by a content delivery machine. User weightings can be used to indicate whether more traffic should be sent to one content server address compared to another. DNS servers use the test result updates and/or user weightings to determine the best server to return in response to a request to resolve a given DNS name. Computer systems and apparatus for carrying out such methods are also provided.
US08195830B2	Efficient file transfer on web service-enabled image forming device Techniques are provided for efficiently transferring documents (or files) between a client device and a WS-enabled device. A document is divided into a plurality of distinct chunks. Each chunk is packaged in a separate SOAP message. Each SOAP message includes a document identifier and a data transmission serial number (DTSN). The DTSN uniquely identifies a particular chunk of the document relative to the other chunks of the document. After one or more chunks of the document are transferred, the size of one or more subsequent chunks is adjusted based on changes in the client device, the WS-enabled device, and/or the network connection. Thereafter, each of the one or more subsequent chunks of the document is either larger or smaller than the one or more chunks that were already transferred.
US08195811B2	Policy co-ordination in a communications network In order to address the problem of allowing a GGSN of a UMTS core network to work towards multiple Policy Control Functions (PCFs) co-located with P-CSCF nodes using the COPS protocol, a policy control function coordinator (PCF-C) is implemented between the GGSN and the P-CSCF. A single COPS connection is established between the GGSN and the PCF-C while a COPS connection is established between the PCF-C and each of the P-CSCF nodes. Decisions made at the PCFs are routed to the GGSN via the PCF-C, and responses generated at the GGSN are routed to the appropriate PCFs via the GGSN. This architecture avoids conflicts which might otherwise arise with the COPS protocol.
US08195806B2	Managing remote host visibility in a proxy server environment Embodiments of the present invention address deficiencies of the art in respect to the visibility of an IP address for a remote resource behind a proxy server and provide a novel and non-obvious method, system and computer program product for managing remote host visibility in a proxy server environment. In one embodiment of the invention, a method for managing remote resource visibility in a proxy server environment can be provided. The method can include establishing a secure connection between a proxy server and a destination server, proxying different connections between different remote hosts and the destination server through the proxy server, providing remote host information for each of the different remote hosts, including IP address, port and protocol, for example, to the destination server over the secure connection, and mapping each provided IP address to an IP address for a corresponding one of the proxied different connections.
US08195805B2	Device configuration and data extraction using a portable transaction format Method for performing a data transaction (200) with a server (108) using a portable computer (106). The method includes receiving (402) in the portable computer a portable transaction file (104-1, 104-2, 104-3, 104-n) in a predetermined portable transaction file format (500) that includes two or more data fields. The data fields can contain a set of transaction parameters that define a type specific server protocol for a data transaction session with a particular server type (108-1, 108-2, 108-3, 108-n). By using a generic data transaction engine (302, 303) a data transaction session can be performed with any type of server for which a portable transaction file has been provided.
US08195793B2	Method and apparatus of filtering statistic, flow and transaction data on client/server Network traffic filtering is provided to enable gathering of data and statistics related to client/server traffic corresponding to valid and desired client to server/server to client traffic.
US08195791B2	Distinguishing between live content and recorded content Distinguishing between live and recorded content in a network comprising a rendering device, an access device, and a storage device. The rendering device broadcasts a message requesting devices in the network to respond if they diffuse a content, and sets a timer. The devices respond if they diffuse the content. The rendering device then determines that the content is: live, if it has received a response from the access device; recorded, if it has received a response from the storage device, but not from the access device; and illegal, if it has not received a response before time-out of the timer. There is further a “still live delay” after diffusion of the content during which the access device responds that it is diffusing the content, and following which it may send a content release message to the storage device that may then respond to request messages.
US08195753B2	Honoring user preferences in email systems In a distributed email system, user preferences respected more effectively by presenting messages marked for deletion to secondary messaging servers having access to user preferences. Messages marked for deletion by inbound servers are presented to secondary level servers having access to user white lists and the choice of whether to delete the suspect message is made by the secondary server.
US08195748B2	Geographical email presentation An email content management method, system and program are provided for mapping a plurality of received electronic mail (email) messages to a plurality of predetermined graphical representations of an email Inbox. Predetermined sender and originating information is associated with an email. When the email is received by the recipient, the associated sender and originating information is used to map the email to a graphical Inbox depicting the email's originating location. Once mapped, the corresponding email graphical Inbox is represented in a graphical display, such as the user interface of an email client. Graphical Inboxes can be represented as subsets of a geographical map or depict an organizational hierarchy chart. Status information related to the received email messages is generated and display attributes are applied to their corresponding email graphical Inboxes.
US08195742B2	Distributed client services based on execution of service attributes and data attributes by multiple nodes in resource groups A network provides distributed client services based on participation in respective resource groups by computing nodes, each resource group including a corresponding resource requirement for any computing node that joins the corresponding resource group for execution of the corresponding distributed client service. Each computing node, in response to determining its corresponding available node capacity, is configured for selectively creating and joining at least one new resource group for execution of a corresponding distributed client service having a corresponding resource requirement, and/or selectively joining at least one of the available resource groups, based on the corresponding available node capacity satisfying the corresponding resource requirement. Each distributed client service also includes service attributes that define parameters for execution of the distributed client service, and data attributes that define the attributes required for data to be used in the distributed client service.
US08195738B2	Systems and methods for communicating from an integration platform to a profile management server A method for communicating from an integration platform to a profile management server includes receiving user-entered information at the integration platform. The integration platform generates an event based on the user-entered information and publishes the event on a channel subscribed to by a connector associated with the server. The connector receives the event information, transforms the event information to a format compatible with the server and establishes communications with the server via hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP). The connector downloads the information to the server and the server updates its database. The connector may also determine whether at least one other system received the event information before downloading the information to the server.
US08195736B2	Mapping virtual internet protocol addresses A method for remapping a Media Access Control (MAC) address mapped to a virtual IP address. The method includes examining an activity data file to identify the virtual IP address mapped to the MAC address and remapping the identified MAC address to an IP address. The virtual IP address may be identified utilizing a criteria, such as by determining that the virtual IP address may have two or more mapped MAC addresses. Other criteria may also be suitably employed. A portion of the IP address may be automatically generated. A user may be queried to confirm the generated portion of the IP address. The portion of the IP address may be determined based on prior user entrance of an IP address. The portion of the IP address may be predetermined by a user assigning a naming convention.
US08195733B2	Systolic array Disclosed is a one-dimensional MFA systolic array for matrix computation using an MFA (modified Faddeeva algorithm), in which downward square MFA array processing and upward square MFA array processing are mapped to a one-dimensional array in horizontal directions, respectively. In each PE in the one-dimensional array, downward and upward MFA matrix calculations for two threads are executed. An input and an output are provided for each of PEs at both ends of the one-dimensional array.
US08195716B2	Electronic dictionary apparatus and recording medium on which search control program is recorded When an additional search key of an input unit is operated by the user, if a current display on a display screen of a display unit is a list display of respective example sentences, a user input for refining example sentences is received, and example sentences are refined in accordance therewith. When the additional search key is operated by the user, if the current display is a display of explanatory information on the vocabulary entry, the display screen of the display unit is split into two, and a search of the explanatory information is carried out on one split screen.
US08195704B2	Validation and correction in a distributed namespace A method comprising, sending an instruction from a validator member of a sysplex to a second member of a sysplex to prevent operations that alter a sysplex namespace, determining whether the validator member of the sysplex is communicative with the second member of the sysplex and whether the members of the sysplex retain current sysplex status information, sending an instruction from the validator member to the second member to send a first namespace attribute data associated with the second member to the validator member responsive to determining that the validator member of the sysplex is communicative with the second member of the sysplex and the members of the sysplex retain current sysplex status information, determining whether the first namespace attribute data associated with the second member is consistent with a second namespace attribute data, and sending an instruction to correct the first namespace attribute data.
US08195694B1	Resolving conflicts between actions that target elements of a hierarchical data structure A mechanism is disclosed for resolving conflicts between actions that target elements of a hierarchical data structure. Actions that are associated with criteria that are satisfied by an element of a target data structure are selected from among a plurality of specified actions. The selected actions are sorted by action type. Actions that conflict with a first-ordered action are determined. If the priority of the first-ordered action is the highest of the priorities of the conflicting actions, then the first-ordered action is performed and the other conflicting actions are canceled such that they are not performed relative to the element. Otherwise, the first-ordered action is canceled and processing continues with the next-ordered element. This conflict resolution technique may be applied to each of the remaining sorted actions in order, and for each element in the target data structure.
US08195689B2	Media fingerprinting and identification system The overall architecture and details of a scalable video fingerprinting and identification system that is robust with respect to many classes of video distortions is described. In this system, a fingerprint for a piece of multimedia content is composed of a number of compact signatures, along with traversal hash signatures and associated metadata. Numerical descriptors are generated for features found in a multimedia clip, signatures are generated from these descriptors, and a reference signature database is constructed from these signatures. Query signatures are also generated for a query multimedia clip. These query signatures are searched against the reference database using a fast similarity search procedure, to produce a candidate list of matching signatures. This candidate list is further analyzed to find the most likely reference matches. Signature correlation is performed between the likely reference matches and the query clip to improve detection accuracy.
US08195679B2	Associating descriptive content with asset metadata objects Methods are provided, including a method of associating descriptive content with a set of assets. The method includes determining an asset metadata object, determining descriptive content related to the asset metadata object, and associating the descriptive content with the asset metadata object.
US08195678B2	Method and device for processing data of a plurality of different products A device for processing data of a plurality of different products, e.g., motor vehicles, includes an electronic processing unit having a databank device, in which first and second product data of a first and a second product of the plurality of products are stored, and having a data interface for receiving inquiry data, and having an evaluation device which is designed to read out the first and second product data from the databank device as a response to the inquiry data, and to evaluate them according to an evaluation criterion, the evaluation criterion being automatically selected as a function of the first and/or the second product data.
US08195675B2	Data object linking and browsing tool Linking data objects, such as video objects, image objects, and audio objects, and displaying data associated with the data objects based upon the strength of the relationship between the data objects. Navigating a data collection of data objects by linking groups of data objects based upon related metadata is also disclosed. A user interface including the data associated with the grouped data objects facilitates browsing the data collection of data objects.
US08195670B2	Automated detection of null field values and effectively null field values Disclosed are systems for, and methods of, automatically detecting and treating field values of a particular field as null field values in records of a database. The system and method provide automatic treatment of these field values as null field values by calculating a critical frequency for the field. Based on the critical frequency of the field, the system and method treats field values that occur more than the critical frequency of the field as null field values and treats field values that occur less than the critical frequency as non-null field values.
US08195665B1	Dynamic bitwise sharding of live stream comment groups Groups of users accessing content are generated and modified to allow the users to more easily interact with each other. A number of groups and a maximum number of users in a group are received and used to generate shards. In one embodiment, the number of shards generated is based on the number of groups received. Each shard is associated with a unique shard identifier. In one embodiment, a user is associated with a shard when the user accesses content. For example, when a comment is received from a client device associated with a user, a user identifier is determined and associated with a shard. Using the shards, groups of users are generated. In one embodiment, a substring of the shard identifiers associated with the shards is determined and users associated with shard identifiers having the same substring of the shard identifier are included in a group.
US08195664B2	Method and system for clustering transactions in a fraud detection system A method of determining a clustering metric includes receiving a first set of transactions and a second set of transactions. For transaction i of the first set and transaction j of the second set, the method includes (a) determining an intersection set, (b) determining a union set; (c) computing a common linkage between transaction i and transaction j equal to the intersection set divided by the union set, and (d) incrementing index j and repeating steps (a)-(c). The method also includes (e) summing the common linkages between transaction i and the transactions of the second set, (f) normalizing the sum of the common linkages by a number of the second set, and (g) incrementing index i and repeating steps (a)-(f). The method further includes (h) summing the normalized common linkages and (i) normalizing the sum of the normalized common linkages by a number of the first set.
US08195650B2	Method and system for providing information using a supplementary device A method and system for providing access to information via a supplementary device is provided. User access to primary information via a primary device is monitored. Key information related to the primary content is obtained by extracting and analyzing metadata sources for the primary information. Then, supplementary information related to the primary information is obtained based on the key information. The supplementary information is provided for user access via the supplementary device.
US08195646B2	Systems, methods, and user interfaces for storing, searching, navigating, and retrieving electronic information Computer system navigation tools provide “links” to various different files, lists, folders, and/or other storage elements and allow users to organize files, e.g., by hierarchical properties, lists, auto lists, folders, and the like. Such systems and methods allow users to assign properties to a file (optionally in a hierarchical manner), to change assigned properties, to search, view, and retrieve information based on the assigned properties, and the like.
US08195642B2	Partial indexes for multi-node database Embodiments of the invention enable a database spread over multiple nodes to allow each node to have different indexes over the data in tables, depending on how each node would benefit (or not benefit) from having the index(es). When a database table is spread across the nodes of a multi-node or distributed system, each node may maintain only the portion of the index relevant to that node, if doing so would improve the performance of query processing operations on that node. Further, the database may periodically redistributed across the compute nodes based on index performance. Doing so allows the database system to intelligently trade off between consuming space for the index on a node and the usefulness of having an index on that node.
US08195638B1	Web log filtering Computer implemented methods and systems are provided for web log filtering. A uniform resource locator (URL) is identified for a resource requested by an identified device. The URL is stored unless the URL has at a reference to an advertisement or an extension that matches any of a list of extensions specified for storage exclusion. The stored URL is categorized based on either the stored URL or an included domain name, depending on whether the included domain name matches any of the list of domain names that are associated with multiple categories. A count is incremented in a web log category associated with the identified device based on the categorized stored URL.
US08195633B2	Enabling interactive integration of network-accessible applications in a content aggregation framework Enabling network-accessible applications to be integrated into content aggregation frameworks (such as portals) and to become dynamically interactive through proxying components (such as proxying portlets), thereby providing run-time cooperation and data sharing.
US08195630B2	Spatially enabled content management, discovery and distribution system for unstructured information management What is provided is a spatially-enabled content management system in which unstructured information is data mined for location or spatial references, with the search query including not only the spatial reference that has been provided by the data mining but also other search query terms, thus to provide an analyst with rapid geo-searching for unstructured information management.
US08195628B2	Method and system for data reduction A “forward” delta data management technique uses a “sparse” index associated with a delta file to achieve both delta management efficiency and to eliminate read latency while accessing history data. The invention may be implemented advantageously in a data management system that provides real-time data services to data sources associated with a set of application host servers. A host driver embedded in an application server connects an application and its data to a cluster. The host driver captures real-time data transactions, preferably in the form of an event journal that is provided to the data management system. In particular, the driver functions to translate traditional file/database/block I/O into a continuous, application-aware, output data stream. A given application-aware data stream is processed through a multi-stage data reduction process to produce a compact data representation from which an “any point-in-time” reconstruction of the original data can be made.
US08195600B2	Non-disruptive file system element reconfiguration on disk expansion An apparatus is operable with a host and a data storage component for controlling expansion of storage, and comprises: an allocating component responsive to a user input for allocating an expanded target storage space to a file system element to thereby make an expanded file system element; a file system metadata component for maintaining file system metadata including metadata for the expanded file system element; a file system I/O component responsive to the file system metadata component for controlling file system I/O between the host and the storage component; and a synchronizing component responsive to the file system metadata component for synchronizing data between a source storage space and the expanded target storage space.
US08195599B2	Inferring system-level properties The present disclosure includes methods, devices, and systems for inferring system-level properties. One or more embodiments include generating a constraint model based on a system model having a number of components at different levels of abstraction and on a number of verified component properties. The constraint model can include a number of mission constraints modeling one or more mission requirements, a number of system constraints modeling one or more system-level properties, mid a number of component constraints modeling one or more component properties. One or more embodiments can include analyzing the constraint model with a constraint solver to determine whether one or more particular system-level properties can be inferred from the constraint model.
US08195597B2	System and method for obtaining subtextual information regarding an interaction between an individual and a programmable device The system contains an output device in communication with the programmable device. The output device produces output information from the programmable device to the individual. An input device is in communication with the programmable device. The individual communicates a responsive act to the programmable device through the input device. The responsive act will include at least one psychomotor behavioral element. A processor integral with the programmable device determines the preferred modalities of the individual based, at least partially, on the psychomotor behavioral element of the responsive act from the individual. The processor also determines a preferred combination of modalities and an ordering of modalities by preference thereby further defining a focus of the individual's attention. The combination and order of modalities is calculated by an equation: Σ∫∞−∞((ΣGi(δxi/δlt))/(ΣGi(dxi/dti)))dGidti∝Ψ(G).
US08195588B2	System and method for training a critical e-mail classifier using a plurality of base classifiers and N-grams Disclosed is a method and system for identifying critical emails. To identify critical emails, a critical email classifier is trained from training data comprising labeled emails. The classifier extracts N-grams from the training data and identifies N-gram features from the extracted N-grams. The classifier also extracts salient features from the training data. The classifier is trained based on the identified N-gram features and the salient features so that the classifier can classify unlabeled emails as critical emails or non-critical emails.
US08195587B2	Method and apparatus for classifying and transmitting electronic documents by storing priorities and classifying rules pertaining to a distribution method An information classifying apparatus includes an information receiving section, a rule storing section, a deciding section, a creating condition storing section, a creating section and a storage control section. The rule storing section stores a classifying rule which is a rule for classifying a piece of information. The deciding section decides as to whether a piece of information received by the information receiving section satisfies the stored classifying rule or not. The creating condition storing section stores a creating condition which is a condition for creating the classifying rule. The creating section creates, when the deciding section decides that the piece of information does not satisfy the stored classifying rule, a new classifying rule based on the creating condition stored in the creating condition storing section. The storage control section controls the rule storing section to store the new classifying rule created by the creating section.
US08195582B2	Supervision based grouping of patterns in hierarchical temporal memory (HTM) A HTM network that uses supervision signals such as indexes for correct categories of the input patterns to group the co-occurrences detected in the node. In the training mode, the supervised learning node receives the supervision signals in addition to the indexes or distributions from children nodes. The supervision signal is then used to assign the co-occurrences into groups. The groups include unique groups and nonunique groups. The co-occurrences in the unique group appear only when the input data represent certain category but not others. The nonunique groups include patterns that are shared by one or more categories. In an inference mode, the supervised learning node generates distributions over the groups created in the training mode. A top node of the HTM network generates an output based on the distributions generated by the supervised learning node.
US08195577B2	Universal secure registry In one embodiment, a user device is configured to allow a user to select any one of a plurality of accounts associated with the user to employ in a financial transaction. In one embodiment, the user device includes a biometric sensor configured to receive a biometric input provided by the user, a user interface configured to receive a user input including secret information known to the user and identifying information concerning an account selected by the user from the plurality of accounts. In a further embodiment, the user device includes a communication link configured to communicate with a secure registry, and a processor coupled to the biometric sensor to receive information concerning the biometric input, the user interface, and the communication link. According to one embodiment, the processor is configured to generate a non-predictable value and to generate encrypted authentication information from the non-predictable value, the identifying information, and at least one of the information concerning the biometric input and the secret information, and to communicate the encrypted authentication information via the communication link to the secure registry.
US08195574B2	System and method for setting up a pre-authorization record A computer-assisted method includes hardware, software and telecommunications components that cooperatively achieve the technical effect of an improved electronic purchasing transaction system. In various embodiments of the invention, at least one master account is established for a client. A pool of limited use account identifiers or secondary account identifiers, that are separate and distinct from the master account, is associated with the master account by a purchasing system or account management system. Each of the limited use account identifiers may be used by the client to purchase items from merchants.
US08195558B2	Electronic inquiry lists for financial products Inquiry lists for financial interests are submitted, negotiated and traded between investors and dealers over a network or networks. An investor interface for display is provided to an investor. A dealer interface for display is provided to a plurality of dealers. The investor can create an inquiry list via the investor interface containing a plurality of inquiries for a corresponding plurality of different financial interests and can send a message containing the inquiry list to selected dealer(s) where an established relationship exists between said investor and dealers. The dealer(s) can provide respective responses to the message, the response containing respective offers/bids on the plurality of inquiries contained in the inquiry list via the dealer interface. The respective offers/bids are displayed in the inquiry list on the investor interface. The investor may then select one of the respective dealer offers/bids for each inquiry list line item via the investor interface.
US08195552B1	System and method for evaluating risk associated with property The system and method for evaluating risk associated with a subject property include receiving first information including a first estimated value of the subject property. The system and method also include receiving second information regarding the subject property. The second information includes a second estimated value of the subject property, property location information, such as median or average property values, appreciation information, demographic information, and population information. Based upon the received first and second information, the system and method calculate a risk value indicating the risk associated with the subject property.
US08195529B1	Creating and maintaining gift lists in online shopping A system for maintaining gift lists for other persons is presented. The system includes a data store and a computing device. The data store stores at least information related to items available for purchase. The computing device is in communication with and has access to the data store. Moreover, the computing device is configured to create a gift list. The gift list includes references to items that are available for purchase by a user, and that are selected by a user as potential gifts for another. Additionally, access to the gift list is controlled by the user that created the gift list. The computing device is further configured in such a way as to add a reference to an item to the gift list while the user browses the items available for purchase.
US08195528B1	Method and system for processing communications orders A method, system, and medium are provided for processing customer orders associated with providing telephony services via a telecommunications network and with services provided via a cable network. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a service-order-entry (SOE) system associated with a set of legacy components, the SOE system being operable to receive a first type of customer order that is associated with providing services via a telecommunications network, the telecommunications network not including a cable television (CATV) network; supplementing the SOE system with a secondary order-reception system operable to receive a second type of customer order that is associated with providing telephony services over a CATV network and further operable to receive the second type of customer order without substantially modifying the legacy components; receiving the second type of customer order; and fulfilling the second type of customer order without substantially modifying the legacy components.
US08195525B2	Method and apparatus upgrade assistance using critical historical product information Embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated methodology that simplifies upgrade choices for complex computer products through the use of automation and integration of product monitoring and business applications with, for example, web based capabilities. Historical information for computer systems is collected and transmitted to a remote support system. Over time, sufficient historical data provides a historical view of the systems indicative of usage and facilitating the choice of product enhancements, upgrades and customization. Further, this historical view may be integrated with the advances in the product that are kept by the remote support system as well as with the performance requirements of third party application providers.
US08195520B1	Message audit trail feature for facilitating electronic transactions An electronic commerce system provides various features for assisting customers in locating items and generating orders from a merchant's electronic catalog, and for assisting customers and merchants in communicating about such orders. A user-definable categories feature allows customers and/or merchants to define search queries for searching the electronic catalog, and to store these search queries under user-defined category names for subsequent use. An “active quote” feature allows the customer to view and modify quantities of items selected for prospective purchase throughout various catalog browsing or viewing modes. A message audit trail feature allows a customer and a merchant to send messages to one another that are linked to a particular order, and to view an order-specific log of such messages.
US08195511B2	Secondary market and vending system for devices The system enables one to securely recycle an electronic device in a publicly accessible location. In particular, the embodiment described may be used by a mobile phone owner to submit his/her mobile phone for recycling via an electronic kiosk and receive compensation in some form. The compensation might be dispersed via cash, voucher, credit or debit card, or other magnetic or electronic transaction methods.
US08195510B2	Technique for eliminating fraudulent use of printed coupons A method for redeeming coupons, comprising the steps of storing on an electronic device an electronic coupon having encrypted data and unencrypted data, wherein the encrypted data is required for printing the coupon; reading data stored on the portable electronic device at purchase location, and comparing the unencrypted data with product data obtained at the purchase location, and if a match is detected, decrypting the encrypted data; and printing the coupon at the purchase location with the decrypted data.
US08195507B2	Method and system for using multi-function cards for storing, managing and aggregating reward points A system and method for operating a reward points accumulation and redemption program wherein a user earns reward points from a plurality of independent reward points issuing entities, with each tracking the user's earned reward points in a user reward point account stored on a multi-function card (such as a frequent flyer account or a credit card loyalty account). The multi-function card is adapted to aggregate some or all of the user's earned reward points from the reward accounts and credit the aggregated points into a single reward exchange account on the multi-function card. The user may then select an item for purchase with the accumulated reward points from the multi-function card. The item is provided to the user in exchange for a subset or all of the reward points from the multi-function card.
US08195498B2	Modeling a plurality of contests at a crowdsourcing node Crowdsourcing is described, for example, where solutions to tasks such as designing a logo, writing a piece of code or answering a question are solicited by making open calls to large scale communities. In an example, a crowdsourcing node models a plurality of contests as all-pay auctions, each contest having a task and a reward. In examples, the crowdsourcing node is arranged to set rewards for the contests so that the optimal results are received for each contest owner, those owners having provided a budget and using a utility function for each of the contests. In examples, the crowdsourcing node is arranged to recommend contests to potential participants so that those participants can more easily decide which tasks to take on next.
US08195486B2	Airline ticket change constrainer A ticket change constrainer which allows reissuing or revalidating an already issued airline ticket includes a ticket change domain reducer operable to reduce an input search domain of change opportunities on the basis of change conditions set in the already issued ticket. It also includes a ticket change valuer operable to weigh the change opportunities of the reduced search domain and to return a reduced valued search domain of change opportunities. The weighing of the change opportunities is done on the basis of pricing method popularity scores updated in a ticket change memory by a ticket change watcher agent from actual change transactions handled by the system. The change conditions include standard pricing methods of the airline industry. The input search domain of change opportunities is produced by a conventional fare-driven search engine on the basis of a ticket change request issued by an end-user of the system.
US08195485B2	Complaint tracking, imaging and processing system The present invention relates to an insurance complaint document management and processing system that interfaces with a state Department of Insurance. According to some embodiments, an insurance complaint document is received at a document conversion system. The received document may be converted to a document image may be automatically matched to insurance policy information. It may then be arranged to provide the document image and the insurance policy information for resolution.
US08195481B2	Teleradiology image processing system A teleradiology image processing system configured to receive, process, and transmit radiology read requests and digital radiology image data is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a radiology processing system includes a series of processing components configured to receive digital radiology data from a medical provider, extract relevant information and radiology scan images from the digital radiology data, and initiate and control a workflow with a qualified remote radiologist who ultimately performs a read of the radiology scan images. Further embodiments also facilitate data processing within the image processing system in response to medical facility rules and preferences; translation or conversion of digital images to other formats; compilation of patient and medical facility data obtained from the digital radiology data into medical records or data stores; assignment of radiology studies within a teleradiology workflow in response to licensing and credentialing rules; and billing functions in response to completed reads by the remote radiologist.
US08195472B2	High quality time-scaling and pitch-scaling of audio signals In one alternative, an audio signal is analyzed using multiple psychoacoustic criteria to identify a region of the signal in which time scaling and/or pitch shifting processing would be inaudible or minimally audible, and the signal is time scaled and/or pitch shifted within that region. In another alternative, the signal is divided into auditory events, and the signal is time scaled and/or pitch shifted within an auditory event. In a further alternative, the signal is divided into auditory events, and the auditory events are analyzed using a psychoacoustic criterion to identify those auditory events in which the time scaling and/or pitch shifting processing of the signal would be inaudible or minimally audible. Further alternatives provide for multiple channels of audio.
US08195471B2	Sampling rate conversion apparatus, coding apparatus, decoding apparatus and methods thereof A coding apparatus reduces a circuit scale and the amount of coding processing calculation. A frequency domain conversion section performs a frequency analysis of the signal sampled at a sampling rate Fx with an analysis length of 2·Na and calculates first spectrum S1(k)(0≦k
US08195467B2	Voice interface and search for electronic devices including bluetooth headsets and remote systems Systems and methods for improving the interaction between a user and a small electronic device such as a Bluetooth headset are described. The use of a voice user interface in electronic devices may be used. In one embodiment, recognition processing limitations of some devices are overcome by employing speech synthesizers and recognizers in series where one electronic device responds to simple audio commands and sends audio requests to a remote device with more significant recognition analysis capability. Embodiments of the present invention may include systems and methods for utilizing speech recognizers and synthesizers in series to provide simple, reliable, and hands-free interfaces with users.
US08195454B2	Speech enhancement in entertainment audio The invention relates to audio signal processing. More specifically, the invention relates to enhancing entertainment audio, such as television audio, to improve the clarity and intelligibility of speech, such as dialog and narrative audio. The invention relates to methods, apparatus for performing such methods, and to software stored on a computer-readable medium for causing a computer to perform such methods.
US08195440B2	Method and apparatus for simulating quasi-periodic circuit operating conditions using a mixed frequency/time algorithm Described is a process for performing an improved mixed frequency-time algorithm to simulate responses of a circuit that receives a periodic sample signal and at least one information signal. The process selects a set of evenly spaced distinct time points and a set of reference time points. Each of the reference points is associated with a distinct time point, and a reference time point is a signal period away from its respective distinct time point. The process finds a first set of relationships between the values at the distinct time points and the values the reference time points. The process also finds a second set of relationships between the values at the distinct time points and the values at the reference time points. The process then combines the first and second sets of relationships to establish a system of nonlinear equations in terms of the values at the distinct time points only. By solving the system of nonlinear equations, the process finds simulated responses of the circuit in time domain. The process then converts the simulated circuit responses from time domain to frequency domain.
US08195436B2	Multi-infrastructure modeling system A system for simulating interdependencies between multiple critical physical infrastructure models, including a first infrastructure data model that models a first critical physical infrastructure, a second infrastructure data model that models a second critical physical infrastructure, wherein the second critical physical infrastructure is a different critical physical infrastructure from the first critical physical infrastructure, a simulation engine including a visualization application and adapted to automatically produce a change in the second infrastructure data model in response to a change in the first infrastructure data model, and a user interface permitting a user to interact with the simulation engine.
US08195427B2	Methods and systems for high sigma yield estimation using reduced dimensionality For an integrated circuit associated with a first plurality of parameters whose values are described by a first probability distribution function, a method for estimating a failure probability includes selecting a first plurality of samples, performing a first test to determine an outcome for each of the first plurality of samples and identifying failed samples. A second plurality of parameters is selected that has fewer parameters than the first plurality of parameters. The failed samples are clustered in the space of the second plurality of parameters using a computer-implemented cluster forming method that, in some cases, returns multiple clusters. The method also includes forming a probability distribution function for each of the clusters, forming a composite probability distribution function that includes a weighted combination of the first probability distribution function and the probability distribution function for each of the clusters. The method further includes selecting a second plurality of samples using the composite probability distribution function and performing a second test to determine an outcome for each of the second plurality of samples. A failure probability can then be computed.
US08195425B2	Systems and methods for estimating distances using multi-resolution functions Systems and methods for estimating the distance between a start point and a true endpoint in which at least two functions of differing resolutions are used. The method includes measuring a coarse distance between the start point and an intermediate point using the lower resolution function, the intermediate point comprising a point which is substantially within one unit of the higher resolution function away from the true endpoint. Next, a vernier distance is measured from the intermediate point to a vernier endpoint using the higher resolution function, the vernier endpoint being within a narrow, vernier error window of the true endpoint. Subsequently, the coarse and vernier distances are summed to obtain the estimated distance.
US08195421B2	Velocity detector Apparatus for determining the velocity and direction of a moving object, the apparatus comprising: a coherent light (L) source arranged to generate an incident beam (B) of coherent light; an optical imaging system arranged to receive light reflected from a moving object passing through the incident beam and to focus the reflected light into a magnified image of the moving image; a first optical mask (M) through which the magnified image is projected, the mask having a first region of alternating opaque and non-opaque areas having a first spacing and second region of alternating opaque and non-opaque areas having a second spacing different from the first spacing; a first light detector (D) arranged to receive the light signal transmitted through the optical mask, the light signal comprising a series of pulses, and to calculate the velocity and direction of the moving object as a function of the pulse frequency and the spacing of the opaque areas of the optical mask.
US08195406B2	Estimating consumer status using non-invasive technology One or more alcohol inputs are received at the interactive system. Each of the alcohol inputs corresponds to an alcoholic beverage to be consumed by a consumer. The system calculates an estimated blood-alcohol level of the consumer based on the alcohol inputs. The estimated blood-alcohol level is compared with one or more alcohol impairment limits retrieved from an electronic data store. If the comparison reveals that the consumer might be impaired, an alert is automatically signaled.
US08195403B2	Selective resonance of bodily agents A chemical composition is introduced into the body and selectively or preferentially excited by the application of a score comprising a series of differing energy inputs that selectively resonate chemical structures of the composition.
US08195402B2	Method and an apparatus for determining well or fully differentiated mammal cells A method and apparatus for the in vitro determination and typification of well-differentiated or fully differentiated mammalian cells is disclosed. The method comprises placing a cell sample on a sampling device, irradiating the cells with infrared light, preparing an FT-IR spectrum from the absorption spectrum, calculating derivatives of the FT-IR spectrum and comparing the derivatives to reference FT-IR spectra for known cell types. The apparatus comprises an infrared source and measuring apparatus capable of recording an absorption spectrum, and software for measurement, evaluation, documentation, and derivation of the absorption spectra. Fourier transformation he method is particularly useful for typing cells from tissue biopsies in preparation for cell transplantation.
US08195396B2	Computer-automated spatial analysis Some embodiments of the present invention automatically measure the impact of natural conditions and/or deliberate interventions on crop yields. Other embodiments automatically predict the impact of natural conditions and/or deliberate interventions on crop yields. By eliminating the need for human intervention, judgment, or discretion from the processes of measuring and predicting impact on yield, embodiments of the present invention enable such measurements and predictions to be made significantly more accurately, quickly, and inexpensively than has been possible with preexisting techniques.
US08195391B2	Route finding system and method having a route option for avoiding hazardous turning maneuvers A route finding system has a map database containing node data and edge data, wherein nodes represent points on a route and edges represent the connections between the nodes. A route search system determining an optimal route according to prescribed route parameters, wherein a route comprises at least one partial route, and a partial route comprises at least one edge, considers the difficulty of the partial routes during route finding. The abilities of the user and/or a user selection determine the influence of the difficulty of the partial routes on the route obtained during route search. Difficult partial routes are characterized by the necessity of carrying out difficult maneuvers, particularly turning maneuvers and/or crossing maneuvers, to complete the partial route.
US08195387B2	Method and device for driver assistance In a method and a device for driver assistance, traffic elements that point to potential danger zones are detected on the road, using a camera. If such potential danger zones are detected, at least one headlight of the vehicle is controlled in such a way that the potential danger zone is illuminated.
US08195386B2	Movable-body navigation information display method and movable-body navigation information display unit A movable-body navigation information display unit is provided. In the movable-body navigation information display unit, a driver can intuitively and accurately recognize a relation between navigation information and a real picture or a real landscape. In addition, it is possible to avoid a state that visibility of a caution-needed picture such as a pedestrian in the real picture and a real picture of a road construction site is inhibited by an image of the navigation information. An image data creating section (405) matches road shape data with a road shape model to estimate posture data. In addition, the image data creating section creates picture (image) data for accurately compositing and displaying the image of the navigation information in an appropriate position in a real picture (or in a real landscape) of a road ahead of a movable body, and displays the navigation information as a three-dimensional icon or the like. A picture display section (5) performs display based on the picture data.
US08195383B2	System and method for electronic moving map and aeronautical context display A system and method for controlling a display of geographical data on a primary display device to assist in navigating a mobile platform such as an aircraft, ship, train, land-based motor vehicle, etc. The system includes a graphical user interface module (GUI) for receiving a plurality of user inputs, and an image control module. The GUI generates a primary display of the complete route being traveled on the primary display device. If the entire route does not fit on the display device, then the image control module generates data that the GUI uses to generate a context display on the primary display device. The context display presents the entire route as a smaller image on the primary display device, simultaneously with the primary display. The user inputs for the GUI enable the user to zoom, pan and perform other image control operations on either the primary display or the context display.
US08195377B2	Fuel based engine operation control Methods are provided for operating an engine with a variable fuel blend in a cylinder, where the variable fuel blend varies a peak achievable engine torque for a given operating condition. One example method comprises selectively operating an engine actuator that affects engine torque and engine fuel economy at the given operating condition, and extending operation of the actuator to higher engine torques as a peak engine torque for the given operating condition increases.
US08195372B2	Method of adaptive braking control for a vehicle A braking control method that includes: (1) regularly updating a grip model representative of a relationship between a coefficient of friction and a wheel slip rate; (2) determining, with an iterative calculation process including a plurality of calculation cycles a variation of a braking setpoint in a given prediction horizon, the variation of the braking setpoint in the given prediction horizon being established using the regularly updated grip model and its characteristic shape and so that the variation of the braking setpoint in the given prediction horizon complies with the braking order and complies with a given calculation constraint which is function of the wheel slip rate; and (3) retaining as the generated braking setpoint a value of the braking setpoint in the given prediction horizon which corresponds to a first calculation cycle of the plurality of calculation cycles of the iterative calculation process.
US08195357B2	In-vehicle sensor-based calibration algorithm for yaw rate sensor calibration A system and method for calibrating a vehicle heading sensor, such as a yaw-rate sensor, when GPS signals are not available using a bias update model that employs a bias gain factor. In order for the bias update model to be accurate, the vehicle should be traveling relatively straight. One embodiment of the present invention uses three thresholds to determine if the vehicle is traveling straight. These thresholds include a yaw-rate threshold, a steering wheel angle threshold and a wheel speed threshold. If all three of the thresholds indicate that the vehicle is traveling straight, then the update bias model can be used to calibrate the yaw-rate sensor.
US08195354B2	Diagnostic device for internal combustion engine A diagnostic device of an internal combustion engine diagnoses a condition of a differential pressure sensor. The sensor in a normal condition detects a differential pressure of an exhaust gas between upstream and downstream sides of a diesel particulate filter disposed in an exhaust system of the engine. The sensor in a fault condition detects no differential pressure of the exhaust gas. The device has a block obtaining a first signal from the sensor when the engine is operated in a low flow rate region of the exhaust gas and obtaining a second signal from the sensor when the engine is operated in a high flow rate region of the exhaust gas. A diagnostic block of the device judges from a difference between levels of the first and second signals whether the sensor is in the normal or fault condition.
US08195353B2	Guide robot device and guide system A guide robot device including a guide display unit for displaying the guide information to an unguided person and a moving unit adapted to move with the guide display unit mounted thereon is disclosed. The guide robot device further includes the guide display unit variable in the direction of the guide information, a destination position setting unit for setting the destination position of the unguided person, an unguided person position detection unit for detecting the position of the unguided person, and a guide position calculation unit for calculating the guide position as related to the destination position, the detected position of the unguided person and the distance from the guide robot device to the unguided person. The guide robot device is moved to the calculated guide position and the direction of the guide information determined.
US08195349B2	Method for predicting a speed output of a hybrid powertrain system A method for controlling a powertrain includes determining an operator torque request, determining a time-based derivative of the operator torque request, determining a first future time, and predicting a change in the operator torque request based upon the operator torque request, the time-based derivative of the operator torque request, and the first future time.
US08195346B1	Envelope protection for mechanically-controlled aircraft An avionics system for a mechanically-controlled aircraft configured to provide envelope protection for deterring a pilot from flying outside of acceptable flight parameter limits for flight parameters such as banking angle, pitch attitude, g loading, proximity to terrain and/or obstacles, angle of attack, and/or airspeed. The avionics system may comprise at least one servo actuator and a computing device. The computing device may engage envelope protection by engaging the at least one servo actuator if the aircraft reaches a maximum or minimum limit for any of the flight parameters, such that the at least one servo actuator provides a force to urge a flight control device in a direction to bring the aircraft back within the acceptable flight parameter limits. The servo actuator may be disengaged when the aircraft flight parameters reach an end value corresponding to the start value that triggered envelope protection to engage.
US08195345B2	Method of generating an integrated fuzzy-based guidance law for aerodynamic missiles The method for generating an integrated guidance law for aerodynamic missiles uses a strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA)-based approach for generating an integrated fuzzy guidance law, which includes three separate fuzzy controllers. Each of these fuzzy controllers is activated in a unique region of missile interception. The distribution of membership functions and the associated rules are obtained by solving a nonlinear constrained multi-objective optimization problem in which final time, energy consumption, and miss distance are treated as competing objectives. A Tabu search is utilized to build a library of initial feasible solutions for the multi-objective optimization algorithm. Additionally, a hierarchical clustering technique is utilized to provide the decision maker with a representative and manageable Pareto-optimal set without destroying the characteristics of the trade-off front. A fuzzy-based system is employed to extract the best compromise solution over the trade-off curve.
US08195335B2	Economizer control The present disclosure provides a method for controlling an economizer of an HVAC system. The economizer has an outside air stream of incoming outside air, a return air stream of return air, and a mixed air stream of mixed incoming outside air and return air that is provided to the cooling unit of the HVAC system. The economizer also includes one or more controllable dampers for controlling a mixing ratio of incoming outside air to return air in the mixed air stream. The control method includes positioning the one or more controllable dampers in first and second configurations such that the mixed air stream has first and second mixing ratios of incoming outside air to return air in the mixed air stream. The method also includes recording first and second measures related to the temperature of the mixed air stream when the dampers are in each of the first and second configurations. First and second measures related to other parameters of the mixed air stream may be recorded as well. Based on the recorded first and second measures related to the temperature of the mixed air stream and possibly other recorded measures related to mixed air stream parameters, the method determines whether and/or how much of the incoming outside air to admit into the economizer via the one or more controllable dampers during subsequent operation of the HVAC system.
US08195331B2	Method, medium, and apparatus for performing path planning of mobile robot A method, medium, and apparatus for performing path planning of a mobile robot is provided. The apparatus for performing path planning of a mobile robot includes a coarse map generation unit to generate a coarse map composed of a plurality of cells; a fine map generation unit to generate a fine map composed of a plurality of sub-cells into which at least one of the plurality of cells is divided, and a path generation unit to control the fine map generation unit to generate the fine map with respect to a specified position in the coarse map generated through the coarse map generation unit. The method of performing path planning of a mobile robot includes generating a coarse map composed of a plurality of cells, generating a fine map composed of a plurality of sub-cells into which at least one of the plurality of cells, which neighbors the cell where an obstacle exists, is divided, generating a moving path whereby the mobile robot can pass a narrow passage by using the fine map, and updating the coarse map by reflecting the moving path.
US08195325B2	Numerical controller having oscillating operation function capable of changing speed in optional section A machine tool has an oscillating axis that reciprocates in an optional region. A numerical controller that controls the machine tool designates positions of a lower dead point and a upper dead point when the oscillating axis of the machine tool reciprocates, and a reference speed during the oscillating operation when the oscillating axis reciprocates. The numerical controller then calculates, from the current position of the oscillating axis, a current phase in the case where one stroke of the oscillating axis is defined as one cycle, and calculates the speed of the oscillating axis at the current phase based upon the calculated current phase and the reference speed.
US08195324B2	Probe polishing method, program therefor, and probe apparatus A probe polishing method is provided for polishing probes by brining a polishing member into slide-contact with probes through a mounting table having thereon the polishing member transferred from a first receiving part. The probe polishing method includes transferring the polishing member from the first receiving part to the mounting table; detecting a presence of foreign materials on a top surface of the polishing member mounted on the mounting table; transferring the polishing member from the mounting table to a second receiving part when the foreign materials are detected on the top surface of the polishing member; removing the foreign materials from the polishing member in the second receiving part; and transferring the polishing member from which the foreign materials are removed from the second receiving part to the first receiving part.
US08195318B2	Method and an apparatus for processing an audio signal An apparatus for processing an audio signal and method thereof are disclosed. The preset invention includes receiving object information and a downmix signal including at least one object, the object information comprising data type information and at least one of object gain and object gain ratio; determining whether preset information to render the object is included in the extension region of the object information, based on the data type information; generating initial preset information to render the object by using at least one of the object gain and the object gain ration, if the preset information is not included in the object information; and rendering the object being included the downmix signal by using the initial preset information.Accordingly, even if preset information is not received, it is able to reconstruct an audio signal by generating initial preset information using received object information.
US08195309B2	System for scheduling using an external calendaring service A building control system incorporating an external calendar service, having a schedule subsystem, a schedule synchronization subsystem connected to the schedule subsystem, and an external calendar configuration subsystem connected to the schedule synchronization subsystem. The schedule subsystem may have a schedule object, a building schedule mechanism for activating different subsystems in a building based on a configuration of a building schedule, and a schedule change mechanism for creating, configuring and/or changing the building schedule.
US08195303B2	Video processing unit for a visual prosthetic apparatus A visual prosthesis apparatus comprising: a video capture device for capturing a video image; a video processing unit associated with the video capture device, the video processing unit configured to convert the video image to stimulation patterns; and a retinal stimulation system configured to stimulate neural tissue in a subject's eye based on the stimulation patterns, wherein the video processing unit is configured to be powered on after a first time interval upon activation of a power button, wherein the video processing unit is configured to be powered off after a second time interval upon activation of a power button.
US08195297B2	Devices and methods for electrical stimulation of the diaphragm and nerves Medical devices, systems, and methods are provided for providing respiratory therapy by electrically stimulating the phrenic nerves and/or the thoracic diaphragm. In one embodiment, at least one electrode is deployed to a position within the patient's airway and placed in proximity to a phrenic nerve or to the diaphragm. The electrode may be attached to a controller housing including a pulse generator using one or more electrical lead or leads or may be in wireless communication with the pulse generator. The controller housing may be implanted at a position within the patient or the controller housing may reside external to the patient.
US08195293B2	Detecting ventricular noise artifacts in an active implantable medical device for pacing, resynchronization and/or defibrillation of the heart Sensing ventricular noise artifacts in an active implantable medical device for pacing, resynchronization and/or defibrillation of the heart. This device concerns sensing heart rhythm through an endocardial electrode collecting the depolarization potentials, and detecting the myocardium contractions through an endocardial acceleration sensor. The device searches for ventricular noise artifacts (X, Y) by correlating the signals representative of successive ventricular and atrial depolarizations (P, R) with the signals representative of successive acceleration peaks (PEA I). In case of a lack of correlation, a signal of suspicion of ventricular noise is delivered, which temporarily modifies the sensing sensitivity (S) of the sensing circuit.
US08195286B2	Control of pulse duty cycle based upon footswitch displacement Phacoemulsification apparatus includes a phacoemulsification handpiece having a needle and an electrical circuitry for ultrasonic vibrating the needle. A power source provides pulsed electrical power to the handpiece electrical circuitry and an input is provided for enabling a surgeon to select an amplitude of dislighted pulses and a pulse width. A control system and pulse duty cycle is provided for controlling the off duty cycle to insure heat dissipation before a subsequent pulse is activated, including a foot pedal switch.
US08195285B2	Live finger detection by four-point measurement of complex impedance A method and sensor assembly for determining the condition of a structure, especially for confirming if a measured fingerprint is on a live finger, measures characteristics of close to the structure surface. The sensor includes a first pair of current supply electrodes coupled to a current source, providing an electrical current to the skin, at least two pickup electrodes at chosen and different positions relative to the current supply electrodes, at least a first of the pickup electrodes being coupled to an instrument for measuring the voltage between the first pickup electrode and at least one of the pickup or current supply electrodes, storage for a predetermined set of values characterizing a certain condition of the surface, and means for comparing the characteristics from each pickup electrode with the measurements of the other pickup electrodes and with the predetermined set of characteristics for determining the surface condition.
US08195284B2	Bioelectrical information acquisition device and inappropriately-attached-electrode identifying method A plurality of electrode pairs, each of which is constituted by two electrodes of the plurality of biomedical electrodes are set and at least one of an electrical impedance value between two electrodes forming a pair and a resistance value between the two electrodes, for each of the electrode pairs is measured. An attachment state of each of the electrode pairs is judged by comparing the impedance value or the resistance value, with a predetermined range of numeric values. An electrode in an inappropriate attachment state is identified from the plurality of electrode pairs based on the judged attachment state o each of the plurality of electrode pairs.
US08195280B2	Method of and apparatus for classifying arrhythmias using scatter plot analysis A method of classifying arrhythmias using scatter plot analysis to define a measure of variability of a cardiac rhythm parameter such as for example, without limitation, R-R interval, A-A interval, and the slope of a portion of a cardiac signal, is disclosed. The variability measurement is derived from a scatter plot of a cardiac rhythm parameter, employing a region counting technique that quantifies the variability of the cardiac rhythm parameter while minimizing the computational complexity. The method may be employed by an implantable medical device or system, such as an implantable pacemaker or cardioverter defibrillator, or by an external device or system, such as a programmer or computer. The variability measurement may be correlated with other device or system information to differentiate between atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation, for example. The variability information may also be used by the device or system to select an appropriate therapy for a patient.
US08195276B2	In-vivo information acquisition apparatus and in-vivo information acquisition apparatus system There is provided an in-vivo information acquisition apparatus capable of detecting high-accuracy in-vivo information substantially at the same time in a plurality of different examination sites in a body cavity and an in-vivo information acquisition apparatus system capable of introducing a plurality of in-vivo information acquisition apparatuses into a patient at the same time. The in-vivo information acquisition apparatus includes a specimen-collecting section for collecting a specimen at an examination site in a body cavity, a specimen-evaluating section for evaluating the specimen collected by the specimen-collecting section and outputting an evaluation result, a labeling section having identification information unique to the in-vivo information acquisition apparatus, a communication section for receiving a signal transmitted from the outside and for transmitting to the outside the evaluation result output by the specimen-evaluating section, and a power supply section for supplying electrical power.
US08195265B2	Systems and methods for replacing signal artifacts in a glucose sensor data stream Systems and methods for minimizing or eliminating transient non-glucose related signal noise due to non-glucose rate limiting phenomenon such as ischemia, pH changes, temperatures changes, and the like. The system monitors a data stream from a glucose sensor and detects signal artifacts that have higher amplitude than electronic or diffusion-related system noise. The system replaces some or the entire data stream continually or intermittently including signal estimation methods that particularly address transient signal artifacts. The system is also capable of detecting the severity of the signal artifacts and selectively applying one or more signal estimation algorithm factors responsive to the severity of the signal artifacts, which includes selectively applying distinct sets of parameters to a signal estimation algorithm or selectively applying distinct signal estimation algorithms.
US08195258B2	Method for repetitive transmissions The present invention relates to method, and apparatus relating to cellular radio communication (300). By communicating information repeatedly in either an uplink or a downlink connection by directing a main lobe of a radiation pattern (331-1 to 331-n; 335-1 to 335-n) of the communication in different directions (d1, d2, d2, d4) in the cell (361,362) of the cellular radio communication network (300) the reception of repetitive transmission of any information in both uplink and downlink connection with as little complexity added to the network as possible is improved.
US08195253B2	Wireless portable radio vehicle communication system A communications system for a vehicle user is provided. The system comprises a portable receiver which the vehicle user can easily carry on his or her person. The portable receiver is capable of receiving coded transmissions from a vehicle-mounted transmitter which is capable of activating a function in a portable transceiver.
US08195250B2	Method and apparatus for controlling power among modems in a multi-mode mobile communication device A multi-mode communication device (100) uses a first wireless modem (118) and a second wireless modem (120) which operates independently to facilitate communication over different air interfaces. Both modems are powered by a common battery (105). When the first wireless modem engages in a communication activity, the second wireless modem's maximum operating power level is reduced. When the first wireless modem ceases communication activity, the second wireless modems full operating power range is restored.
US08195238B2	Mobile station apparatus, base station apparatus, and paging method A disclosed paging method includes a random access channel generating step of, when a group including an own station is being paged based on a paging indicator channel (PICH) transmitted from a base station apparatus, generating a random access channel (RACH) including information indicating a response to the paging indicator channel (PICH) by a mobile station apparatus; a transmitting step of transmitting the random access channel (RACH) by the mobile station apparatus; a random access channel detecting step of detecting the random access channel (RACH) as the response to the paging indicator channel (PICH) by the base station apparatus; a paging information generation determining step of determining whether paging information is to be generated based on a detection result of the random access channel (RACH); and a paging information generating step of generating paging information based on the determination result.
US08195237B2	System and method for aggregating multiple radio interfaces into a single logical bridge interface In an example embodiment, a system and method for aggregating multiple wireless bridge interfaces into a single logical bridge interface. The system includes a master switch with multiple associated wireless modules. Each master switch wireless module selectively broadcasts an associated connection signal. The master switch has an associated aggregation port, which is in data communication with each of the master switch wireless modules and selectively routes data among the master switch wireless modules. The system also includes a slave switch with multiple associated wireless modules. Each of the slave switch wireless modules receives one associated connection signal and establishes a wireless data communication link with the broadcasting master switch. The slave switch also includes an associated aggregation port, which is in data communication with each of the slave switch wireless modules, selectively routes data among the slave switch wireless modules.
US08195236B2	Retrofit contactless smart SIM functionality in mobile communicators A mobile communicator including a main housing portion, defining a SIM card socket, a battery located at a battery location defined by the main housing portion, a cover over the battery and a retrofit contactless smart SIM functionality assembly, having a SIM card shaped portion which is mounted in the SIM card socket, a contactless smart card antenna portion located between the battery and the cover and an antenna tail portion which interconnects the contactless smart card antenna portion with the SIM card shaped portion, the antenna tail portion being attached and electrically connected to the SIM card shaped portion by means of an electrically conductive adhesive.
US08195234B2	Methods for sharing mobility status between subscriber identity cards and systems utilizing the same A method for sharing a mobility status in a mobile station with a first subscriber identity card and a second subscriber identity card is provided. The mobility status indicating the movement extent of the mobile station is obtained by the first subscriber identity card being currently camping on a first cell of a first network operator. Settings corresponding to a mobility-dependent procedure for the second subscriber identity card being currently failure to camp on any second cell of a second network operator are configured, thereby enabling the mobility-dependent procedure to be performed with consideration of the obtained mobility status.
US08195228B1	Communication device The communication device comprising the voice communicating implementer, the calculation implementer, the word processing implementer, the stereo audio data output implementer, the digital camera implementer, the multiple language displaying implementer, the caller's information displaying implementer, the icon software implementer, the voice recognition implementer, the email implementer, and the simultaneous implementer.
US08195226B2	System and method providing concurrent multimode communication A system and method providing concurrent multimode communication through multimode signal multiplexing. Various aspects of the present invention may comprise, during a first time period, transmitting a first portion of a first communication in a first communication mode in a serial wireless transmission stream. During a second time period after the first time period, a first portion of a second communication may be transmitted in a second communication mode in the serial wireless transmission stream. Also, during a third time period after the second time period, a second portion of the first communication may be transmitted in the first communication mode in the serial wireless transmission stream. In an exemplary scenario, prior to communicating various communications, transmission time may be allocated between the first and second communication modes. In another exemplary scenario, transmission may be switched between a plurality of communication modes in response to detected communication conditions.
US08195225B2	Multimode communication terminal and multimode communication implementation method The present invention provides a multimode communication terminal which contains at least a first separate channel module and a second separate channel module. The multimode communication terminal can be configured to communicate by using the first channel module and/or the second channel module. The channel modules communicate according to different communication protocols. The multimode communication terminal further comprises: channel switch layer means for switching the first channel module to have parameter characteristics consistent with those of the second channel module, so that the multimode communication terminal enables the MIMO operation mode by using the first channel module and the second channel module at the same time. The present invention further provides a method for enabling a MIMO operation mode in a multimode communication terminal. By using a relatively small number of RF communication modules, the present invention implements a wireless mobile multimode communication terminal which enables various operation modes including the MIMO operation mode. Compared with the existing solutions, the present invention greatly reduces the size required by the terminal.
US08195221B2	Loop delay compensation for continuous time sigma delta analog to digital converter A continuous time sigma delta analog to digital converter may use a finite impulse response filter for delay compensation. In some embodiments, the filter may be simplified by using only the first and/or second filter coefficients.
US08195219B2	User apparatus and method in mobile communication system A user apparatus for use in a mobile communication system includes a reception unit configured to receive a signal transmitted from a base station and obtain a parameter for determining evaluation criteria on cell reselection; a counting unit configured to count a number of cell reselections; and a measurement unit configured to measure a Doppler frequency indicative of a mobility of the user apparatus. The evaluation criteria on cell reselection are that reception signal strength of a signal transmitted from a target base station has been higher than or equal to reception signal strength of a signal transmitted from a source base station by greater than or equal to a hysteresis threshold for longer than or equal to a time to trigger. It is determined whether the evaluation criteria on cell reselection are modified and used depending on whether both first and second conditions are satisfied. The first condition is that a number of cell reselections being performed within a predefined first period (TCRmax) is greater than or equal to a predefined first threshold (NCR or NCR2). The second condition is that the Doppler frequency has been higher than or equal to a predefined second threshold (FDthresh or FDthresh2) for a predefined second period (TFD). Modification of the evaluation criteria on cell reselection comprises at least modification of the time to trigger.
US08195206B2	Methods and apparatus for providing consistency in SMS message timestamp formatting for mobile communication devices Methods and apparatus for providing consistency in Short Message Service (SMS) timestamp formatting (UTC or non-UTC) for mobile communication devices are disclosed. In one illustrative example, a method involves receiving an SMS message intended for a mobile communication device; identifying whether the SMS message has timestamp data formatted in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) format or non-UTC format; converting the timestamp data from the UTC format to a non-UTC time format based on an identification that the SMS message has timestamp data formatted in the UTC format; failing to convert the timestamp data to a non-UTC time format based on an identification that the SMS message has timestamp data in the non-UTC format; and causing the SMS message to be sent to the mobile communication device. Other techniques involve mobile device usage of a removable user identity module which has a stored indicator in memory which is indicative of a timestamp mode of operation of a home message center as one of a coordinated universal time (UTC) mode and a non-UTC mode.
US08195200B2	Locating system and method A mobile rover has a navigation receiver receiving radio positioning data from radio positioning entities. The mobile rover can report its position to a mobile controller unit or another entity so that the location of the mobile unit can be tracked based on the radio positioning data received by the mobile rover. The radio positioning data can be processed by processing systems within the mobile rover, mobile controller, or other entities such as a position determination entity or a position determination entity proxy. The processing systems can also perform calculations to augment the radio positioning data to provide more accurate estimates of the position of the mobile controller and/or the mobile rover. The mobile controller and/or the mobile rover may be cellular telephones within a cellular network.
US08195182B2	Method and system for providing network access and services using access codes An embodiment of the present invention is directed to an authorization and access control system for a venue or a geographic region comprising a plurality of venues. The authorization and access control system provides one or more computing devices selective access to one or more networks and/or services available in a network communications system by distributing a substantially unique string of characters (an “access code”) to each user of a computing device. The access code can then be entered via an input device, such as a keyboard or its equivalent, of the computing device. This enables the computing device to gain access to one or more networks and/or services at a venue or in geographic region with the network communications system. Various embodiments are useful and may have several advantages in several venues, such as coffee shops, hotels, train stations, law offices, marinas, truck stops, fueling stations, restaurants, and stores, among others. Additional embodiments may be advantageous in a geographic region which may comprise a plurality of possible venues.
US08195180B2	Base station apparatus and method used in mobile communications system A base station apparatus in a mobile communications system is provided. The base station apparatus includes a measuring unit which receives a reference signal from a user apparatus and measures received quality for each frequency resource block; a unit which provides a reference metric from the received quality; a modifying unit which modifies the reference metric with at least first and second parameters, and provide the modified metric; a scheduler which compares modified metrics of respective frequency resource blocks and provides a radio resource allocation plan; and a unit which reports, to the user apparatus, control information which indicates the allocation plan.
US08195178B2	Apparatus and method for adjusting offset in a wireless communication system A Base Station (BS) includes an apparatus capable of performing an offset adjustment for a Mobile Station (MS). The BS can determine an offset mean value of the MS using a previously estimated offset of the MS if UpLink (UL) data received from the MS does not exist. The BS determines whether to transmit an unsolicited ranging response message (Unsolicited RNG-RSP) using the offset mean value of the MS. If transmitting the Unsolicited RNG-RSP, the BS transmits the MS the Unsolicited RNG-RSP including an offset adjustment value for the MS.
US08195176B2	Method for informing user equipment of downlink control message construction information in cellular system A base station according to the present invention groups a plurality of control messages for a user equipment into one or more control message groups based on at least one criteria. The plurality of control messages is transmitted with control message construction information from the base station to the user equipment. The control message construction information includes information about a number of control messages included in each control message group generated by the grouping. The user equipment receives and decodes the plurality of control messages based on the control message construction information.
US08195172B2	Process to allocate channels in a sectorized and tiered cellular network The invention disclosed is a process to allocate channels in a sectorized and tiered cellular network. A system of allocating cellular frequencies (channels) to the sectors among the outer tier of cells within a tile is disclosed which maximizes channel set usage within the tile while minimizing co-channel interference between cells. Any unused, or remaining, frequencies for the outer tier of that cell may then be allocated to an inner tier of the cell that has not had a channel allocated thereto. No additional infrastructure or maintenance set-up is required under this technique for allocating the channel to the additional transceiver and a very high degree of channel utilization is achieved.
US08195170B2	Project planning database for prospective wireless networking sites A search ring generation system comprises a receiver component that receives indicia that can be utilized to identify a proposed cell site. An implementation component automatically creates a search ring with respect to the proposed cell site. A search ring as used herein is defined as a document that formally begins an approval process for proposed wireless cell sites. In addition, pertinent information such as justification plots, GIS and satellite maps, and cell site approval information of an organization can be compiled, tracked, and/or incorporated into a summary report for the search ring. As a result, a query for a particular search ring can identify not only the cell site but the additional pertinent information as well.
US08195167B1	Dynamic reverse activity bit offset adjustment based on soft handoff ratio A method and system is disclosed for dynamic reverse activity bit (RAB) offset adjustment based on soft handoff ratio. A base station controller (BSC) or radio node controller (RNC) or similar network device will determine the ratio of access terminals in soft handoff service to a total number of access terminals in service in each of a first and a second sector. Based at least on a comparison of a the ratio in the two sectors, the BSC (or RNC) will dynamically set a RAB offset in each sector in such a way that the response by served access terminals to RAB broadcasts from the two sectors will impact the smallest number of access terminals, while still achieving the intended purposes of RAB broadcasts.
US08195164B2	Method and arrangements for an event triggered DRX cycle The invention relates to methods and arrangements for an event triggered DRX cycle adjustment. A user equipment located in a serving cell of a mobile communications network monitors downlink communication at predetermined time intervals when operating in discontinuous reception mode. The user equipment also performs communication parameter measurements regarding at least one of the serving cell and one or more neighbor cells. After the occurrence of a first event, the user equipment sends at least one of measurement data and a first event report to the network. The sending is triggered by the occurrence of the first event. The monitoring is caused to be performed at shortened time intervals after the occurrence of a second event, wherein the second event is defined to indicate a higher probability of receiving a handover command than the first event.
US08195161B2	System and method for personal identification number messaging A relay site associated with a wireless network can send messages between mobile devices associated with the wireless network without having to transmit the messages to a host system. The messages include PIN messages and each of the mobile devices has a PIN address. The relay site includes a relay server for controlling the operation of the relay site, and sending the PIN messages between the mobile devices. The relay site also includes a relay data store having PIN information for users associated with the mobile devices. The relay server can access the relay data store to allow users that use the mobile devices to query the relay data store for PIN information of other users.
US08195158B2	Maintaining IMS registration while disconnected from IP bearer A proxy maintains registration in an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network for a user equipment while the user equipment is disconnected from the system. The user equipment connects to the proxy and establishes a proxy session with the proxy. The proxy opens a proxy session for the user equipment, establishes a registration within said IMS network for IMS services on behalf of the user equipment; and maintains the registration for the user equipment for the duration of the proxy session. While the proxy session is ongoing, the user equipment can disconnect from the IP proxy.
US08195157B2	Method of providing route update messages and providing messages to access terminals The present invention provides a method including providing at least one route update message based upon at least one sector list associated with an access terminal. The sector lists are formed based on information collected by the access terminal.
US08195156B2	System scanning method and arrangement for mobile wireless communication devices An exemplary method for searching one of a plurality of systems on a multi-mode device capable of communicating on a first air interface technology and a second air interface technology is disclosed. The exemplary method includes storing a default system search period for one of the air interface technologies, such as WLAN system, receiving user input representative of a user-defined system search period for the WLAN system, storing the user-defined system search period, detecting a system search event for WLAN services, searching WLAN services in response to the system search event, and terminating the WLAN system search after expiration of the user-defined search period.
US08195155B2	Service profile handling in the IMS A Home Subscriber Server for handling IP Multimedia Subsystem subscriptions comprises means for maintaining associations between public user identities and Service Profiles, where two or more public user identities can be associated with a common Service Profile, and means for identifying to a network node all public user identities that are associated with a common Service Profile.
US08195146B2	Remote management over a wireless wide-area network using short message service A method and device for remote management over a wireless wide-area network includes receiving a short message over a wireless wide-area network (WWAN) using an out-of-band (OOB) processor of a computing device. The OOB processor is capable of communicating over the WWAN irrespective of an operational state of an in-band processor of the computing device. The computing device executes at least one operation with the OOB processor in response to receiving the short message.
US08195140B2	Control software for unlocking relocking cellular telephones Cellular telephone handsets often include electronic or software coding that “locks” them to a specific wireless network. Provided herein, is a method for provisioning locked handsets by unlocking them from their established network and relocking them on a new cellular network. The handset is connected in communication with the control process, identified, and provisioned. The method allows for provisioning of multiple models and brands to be provisioned from different carriers and to different carriers. It further allows multiple handsets to be provisioned simultaneously. During the process, the handset may be sensitivity tested. Further, the identification portion of the method can be used in conjunction with phone support tools beyond the provisioning process.
US08195139B2	Enhancing a transferred call A communication system includes logic to detect I/O activity of a first communication device, logic to ascertain whether a second communication device having an active call is in proximity to the first communication device, and logic to provide a substantially uninterrupted transfer of the call from the second communication device to the first communication device in response to detecting the I/O activity of the first communication device if the second communication device is in proximity to the first communication device and has an active call.
US08195131B2	Replying to an SMS broadcast message A method includes receiving a broadcast message at a receiver device. The message includes identification information identifying a message-type associated with the message, reply-to information, and user information. The method further includes determining the received message is a broadcast message based on the message-type of the message and determining the message includes the reply-to information describing a reply-to address. The method additionally includes passing the user information contained within the message to a user interface when the message is a broadcast message including reply-to information and receiving an instruction from the user interface. The instruction is based on the user information and user input responsive to the user information. The method further includes producing and sending a reply message addressed to the reply-to address responsive to the instruction.
US08195130B2	Visual voicemail network architecture A system may include a load balancer that includes a receiver configured to receive a first notification of voicemail message information associated with a voicemail mailbox. The system may also include a group of servers and each of the group of servers may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver may be configured to receive the first notification of the voicemail message information from the load balancer, and the transmitter may be configured to send a second notification of the voicemail message information to a communication device associated with the voicemail mailbox, wherein the second notification causes the communication device to determine whether to request a list of voicemail messages. The load balancer may also include a processor to select a first one of the plurality of servers and a transmitter to send the first notification to the first one of the plurality of servers.
US08195128B2	System and method for processing attachments to messages sent to a mobile device A system and method for processing attachments to messages sent to a mobile device is described herein. Embodiments described herein apply to encrypted messages comprising multiple message parts, in which different encryption keys (e.g. session keys) have been used to encrypt the different message parts. In at least one example embodiment, the encrypted session keys for every message content part comprising an attachment is received at the mobile device. In one embodiment, all of the encrypted session keys are stored together in a main message header. The mobile device may then decrypt the encrypted session key associated with a user requested attachment, and transmits the decrypted session key to one or more remote servers in an attachment request for use in decrypting the requested attachment. Data associated with the requested attachment, in decrypted form, is returned to the mobile device.
US08195125B2	Device and method for redirecting traffic The application pertains to a mobile telephone network architecture comprising an intermediate item of equipment positioned in said visiting network, said intermediate item of equipment comprising: reception means devised to receive data from a visit switching item of equipment; recording means devised to record said data; connection request means devised to send a request relating to an item of equipment for switching membership on the basis of said data; connection simulation means devised to provide said visit switching item of equipment with authorization to connect a user to a visiting network.
US08195124B2	Apparatus and methods for managing time sensitive application privileges on a wireless device Apparatus and methods for managing time sensitive application privileges on a wireless device include a computer platform operable to execute an application having a time sensitivity requirement. A time retrieval service resident on the computer platform is operable to retrieve a date/time result, which may be associated with a confidence factor. And, a date/time determination module resident on the computer platform is operable to determine whether or not to execute the application based on the date/time result and/or based on the confidence factor. Corresponding methods and computer readable media are also included.
US08195120B2	Precedence and preemption extension for remote terminals Precedence and preemption may be extended for remote terminals. In an example embodiment, a communication node implements a method with respect to a communications system that implements an enhanced multi-level precedence and preemption (eMLPP) scheme. The method includes acts of receiving, mapping, and transmitting. An incoming connection establishment communication having a priority-header value that indicates a priority for a connection to be established is received at the communication node. The priority-header value is mapped to an eMLPP value that indicates a precedence and preemption level for the connection to be established. An outgoing connection establishment communication having the eMLPP value is transmitted from the communication node.
US08195116B2	Receiver circuitry with variable gain amplifier Receiving circuitry having a plurality of amplifiers coupled in series, a first of the amplifiers receiving an input signal and each of the amplifiers outputting an amplified signal; a plurality of comparators each coupled to the output of one of the amplifiers and having an input for receiving the amplified signal; signal identification circuitry coupled to the outputs of the comparators and arranged to determine whether the outputs of the comparators validly represent data; and signal selection circuitry arranged to select the best signal originating from the comparators based on the validity of the outputs of the comparators.
US08195095B2	Mitigating audible acknowledgement volume in a vehicle security system A system, method, and computer-usable medium for mitigating audible acknowledgement volume in a vehicle security system. A preferred embodiment of the present invention includes measuring an amplitude of a valid signal, in response to receiving the valid signal; in response to determining the amplitude of the valid signal, comparing the amplitude to a first predetermined threshold; in response to the comparison, adjusting a volume setting of an audible acknowledgement; further adjusting the volume setting in response to measuring ambient noise of a surrounding location; and emitting the audible acknowledgement.
US08195082B1	Collator system and method for copy machines A system and method for application in single-sheet-feed copiers that automatically tends to the handling of original sheets after they are sequentially and individually placed into the single sheet-feed copier, including depositing the original sheets in a receptacle in a collated manner, without the requirement of direct handling of the original sheets by a user to achieve the collation.
US08195081B2	Cut sheet media handling transport A media handling transport includes first and second device halves. Each of the device halves includes first, second and third body members, with the first end portion of the second body member disposed adjacent the first end portion of the first body member, the first end portion of the third body member disposed adjacent the second end portion of the first body member, and the second end portion of the third body member disposed adjacent the second end portion of the second body member. An inner body member defines a first media transport passageway with the second body member define, a second media transport passageway with the third body member, and a third media transport passageway with the first body member. The second end portions of the second and third body members define an abutting end of the device half, with the abutting end of the first device half disposed adjacent the abutting end of the second device half in an installed transport.
US08195072B2	Sliding sheet for fixing devices, manufacturing method for same, fixing device, and image forming apparatus A sliding sheet for fixing devices in the present invention is inserted in between an endless belt constituting one member out of two members which form a nip section for fixing operation and a pressure member for pressing the endless belt from an inner surface side toward the other member out of the two members. The sliding sheet, which is made of a single resin, repeatedly has a thick section and a thin section at least with respect to a sliding direction of the endless belt due to substantial difference in resin amount per unit area corresponding to positions within a sheet surface.
US08195059B2	Fixing device and image forming apparatus using the same A fixing device including a fixing member to melt a toner so as to fix a toner image onto a recording medium, a temperature sensor to detect a temperature of the fixing member, and a heater to heat the fixing member based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. A driving speed of the fixing member is reduced after printing is completed, and subsequently the fixing member stops driving. The fixing member is controlled to have a desired temperature (Ts) after the fixing member stops driving that is lower than a desired temperature (Tp) during printing.
US08195054B2	Apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving an information symbol in a visible light communication system for color code modulation A visible light communication system and method for transmitting and receiving an information symbol in a visible light communication system for a Color Code Modulation (CCM) scheme using a chromaticity diagram. The method includes determining a first coordinates value corresponding to an information symbol to be transmitted on the chromaticity diagram; determining a first color ratio corresponding to the first coordinates value; determining a second coordinates value corresponding to a compensation symbol for compensating for the first color ratio into a color white and determining a second color ratio corresponding to the second coordinates value; and emitting a visible ray corresponding to each of the first color ratio and second color ratio. The first and second coordinates values are located on a line on the chromaticity diagram.
US08195046B2	Measurement of polarization mode dispersion or differential group delay of an optical path A method may include generating first and second optical signals and modulating the first and second optical signals simultaneously to synchronize the signals. The method may include varying the polarization of the second optical signal and transmitting the first and second optical signals. The method may include receiving the first and second optical signals, wherein the signals traveled along a same optical path. The method may include determining a plurality of differential travel delays between the first and second optical signals over a period of varying polarizations and determining a differential group delay based on the maximum and the minimum differential travel delays.
US08195040B2	Imaging apparatus, flash device, and control method thereof An imaging apparatus for performing wireless communication with a flash device, including a generation unit configured to generate a plurality of emitting instructions which include timing information indicating a timing for emitting the flash device, wherein each emitting instruction includes different timing information, and a transmission unit configured to successively transmit the plurality of emitting instructions to the flash device, wherein the transmission unit transmits each emitting instruction in succession based on the timing information.
US08195037B2	Apparatus and method of storing video data An apparatus for and method of storing video data comprising receiving an MPEG video stream comprising I-frames and P-frames, separating the I-frames from the P-frames, storing the I-frames and the P-frames separately, and providing information so that the I-frames and the P-frames can be combined to produce a full-motion video.
US08195033B2	Video creating system and program product for creating video A video creating system includes: a plurality of individual editing tools for creating and/or editing the plurality of video constituent data; a server that acquires the plurality of video constituent data thus created and/or edited and creates one piece of video data by integrating the acquired video constituent data; and a target display section for displaying the video data acquired from the server on a predetermined machine platform. Each of the plurality of individual editing tools includes a data transmitting section that continuously operates on the individual editing tool. Whenever the video constituent data are created and/or edited, the data transmitting section transmits new video constituent data thus created and/or edited to the server. Whenever the new video constituent data are acquired, the server continuously creates the latest video data by integrating the plurality of video constituent data including the new video constituent data.
US08195026B2	Recording medium containing supplementary service information for Audio/Video contents, and method and apparatus of providing supplementary service information of the recording medium The present invention relates to method and apparatus of providing supplementary service information for A/V contents written in a recording medium. This method has a recording medium containing Presentation Language data, which have to be included like as in a digital television signal for supplementary service information in accordance with Advanced TV Enhancement Forum or Digital TV Application Software Environment standard, and reproduces, if a disk reproduction is requested, the Presentation Language data as well as requested A/V data and provides them for a connected external device such as a digital television. As a result, various video information and functions provided with Presentation Language data by a recording medium can be realized at a digital television set being able to accept Presentation Language data.
US08195024B2	Stream generating apparatus, imaging apparatus, data processing apparatus and stream generating method There is provided stream generating apparatus which generates a multiplexed stream including moving picture data. The apparatus includes a moving picture encoding processing section for generating a moving picture stream by encoding the moving picture data allowing switching between a reference frame rate and more than one frame rate different from the reference frame rate according to a desired timing; a time control information generating section for generating playback time control information with certain intervals corresponding to picture frame display cycles relevant to the reference frame rate, for each picture frame inputted to the moving picture encoding processing section; and a multiplexing processing section for generating the multiplexed stream by multiplexing the moving picture stream and the playback time control information.
US08195015B2	Method and device for dynamic measurement of the radial deformation of a rolling bearing ring A method and a device for dynamic measurement of the radial deformation of a bearing ring (12) of a rolling bearing (10) for a rotating element (16), a glass fiber segment (22) of a fiber optic sensor (24) that is fixed in or to the periphery of the bearing ring, a light signal which has been generated by the light source (30) being injected into the glass fiber segment, and the light signal passing through the glass fiber segment being detected by a detector (34), the longitudinal deformation of the glass fiber segment being determined from the change of at least one parameter of the light signal, when the light signal passes through the glass fiber segment, in order to determine the corresponding radial deformation of the bearing ring.
US08195011B2	Electro-optical modulator structure The present invention discloses an ultra-compact optical modulator comprising at least one resonator on a semiconductor chip. The EO modulator modulates incoming light having a certain wavelength range and comprises a waveguide layer accommodating at least one resonator having a periodic complex refraction index distribution structure defining a periodic defect band-edge and a cladding layer; and at least one electrode; the waveguide layer, the cladding layer and the electrode forming a capacitor structure; such that when an external voltage is applied to the capacitor structure the free carrier concentration in the waveguide layer is controlled, enabling a modulation of the resonator's refractive index; wherein the periodic defect band-edge is selected to be within the wavelength range, enabling a slow-light propagation of the incoming light within the waveguide layer.
US08194988B2	Methods for calculating video inverse transform Inverse transforms used in video and image compression/decompression, such as DCT/IDCT used in MPEG-2 and MPEG-4, or the integer transforms used in H.264, are usually calculated with fast algorithms, which only take advantage of the symmetry existing in the transform matrix but ignores the peculiarities in the input data. While these kind of fast algorithms can apply to both forward and inverse transforms, they tend to be inefficient in calculating inverse transforms. In inverse transforms, most of the coefficients become zero after quantization, this invention takes advantage of this fact to further simplify the general fast algorithm and speed up the calculation.
US08194980B2	Color gamut outline computing device, method, and program storage medium A device includes a setting section that sets a single-color amount limit and an ink total amount limit, an upper half outline constructing section, a lower half outline constructing section, a restricting outline constructing section, and a color space converter. The upper half outline points are points at which one or more color components are 0% and that satisfy the single-color amount limit and the ink total amount limit. The lower half outline points are points at which one or more color components satisfy the single-color amount limit and that satisfy the ink total amount limit. The restricting outline points satisfy the single-color amount limit and the ink total amount limit, and are connected to the upper or lower half outline points which satisfy the single-color amount limit and the ink total amount limit. The color space converter converts the constructed outline points into another color space.
US08194978B2	Method of and apparatus for detecting and adjusting colour values of skin tone pixels A method of detecting skin tone pixels in an input image and adjusting color values thereof for an output image is disclosed. The method comprises determining for each of a plurality of pixels in an input image whether initial chromaticity values of each of said pixels lie within a skin tone area defined in a chromaticity plane. The method further comprises amending the initial chromaticity values of those pixels that have chromaticity values lying within said skin tone area to obtain amended chromaticity values for use in obtaining an output image.
US08194974B1	Merge and removal in a planar map of an image Methods and systems to merge and/or remove, for example, edges, regions, vertices, in a planar map of a raster image are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes identifying color similarities between each of a plurality of regions of an image and merging neighboring regions based on the color similarities. In addition, the method may include determining a merging order and merging certain regions based on the merging order; merging other regions without considering the merging order when the other regions are smaller than a threshold size; and removing artifacts and noise from the image based on the threshold size.
US08194961B2	Method, apparatus, and computer-readable medium for pre-reconstruction decomposition and calibration in dual energy computed tomography A method of obtaining a computed tomography image of an object includes determining linear terms and non-linear beam hardening terms in a pair of line integral equations for dual-energy projection data from inserting average and difference from average attenuation terms, obtaining an initial solution of the line integral equation by setting the non-linear beam hardening terms to zero, and iteratively solving the line integral equations to obtain one line integral equations for each basis material. Attenuation by the first basis material corresponds to a photoelectric attenuation process, and attenuation by the second basis material corresponds to a Compton attenuation process. The line integral equations can be inverted by an inverse Radon procedure such as filtered backprojection to give images of each basis material. The images of each basis material can then be optionally combined to give monochromatic images, density and effective atomic number images, or photoelectric and Compton processes images.
US08194956B2	Medical imaging system and related methods A medical imaging system includes an imaging device, an input device, an output device, and an imaging system server in signal communication with the imaging device, the input device and the output device, the imaging system server including at least one processor and machine readable memory. The server is configured to display a capture outline, the capture outline including a depiction of a body area to be imaged, display a preliminary image together with the capture outline such that the preliminary image is superimposable with the capture outline, and capture an image associated with the capture outline.
US08194940B1	Automatic media sharing via shutter click A computer-implemented method for automatically sharing media between users is provided. Collections of images are received from different users, where each collection is associated with a particular user and the users may be associated with each other. The collections are grouped into one or more albums based on the content of the images in the collection, where each album is associated with a particular user. The albums from the different users are grouped into one or more event groups based on the content of the albums. The event groups are then shared automatically, without user intervention, between the different users based on their associations with each other and their individual sharing preferences.
US08194937B2	Method for dynamic prior image constrained image reconstruction A method for reconstructing a high quality image from undersampled image data is provided. The image reconstruction method is applicable to a number of different imaging modalities. Specifically, the present invention provides an image reconstruction method that incorporates an appropriate prior image into the image reconstruction process. Thus, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an image reconstruction method that requires less number of data samples to reconstruct an accurate reconstruction of a desired image than previous methods, such as, compressed sensing. Another aspect of the invention is to provide an image reconstruction method that produces a time series of desired images indicative of a higher temporal resolution than is ordinarily achievable with the imaging system. For example, cardiac phase images can be produced with high temporal resolution (e.g., 20 milliseconds) using a CT imaging system with a slow gantry rotation speed.
US08194922B2	System and methods for dynamically generating earth position data for overhead images and derived information Distributed adaptive geopositioning includes an objective architecture for imagery geopositioning. The positioning is distributed to fulfill the need to perform accurate geopositioning whenever and wherever it is needed. The positioning is adaptive to implement the idea that geopositioning is a dynamic, not static, quality of geospatial intelligence, for which accuracy can be improved over time as more data is collected and ingested. Focus is placed on the need for improved geopositioning throughout all areas of geospatial intelligence exploitation, not just for specific products or tools. Legacy data is re-computed to align with the geopositioned imagery and also benefits from improved accuracy.
US08194917B2	Progressive image quality control using watermarking The ability to remove a watermark from an encoded image by reversible watermarking opens the possibility of various novel applications. Several such applications are detailed. One permits different classes of consumers to gain access to different versions of an image. A pristine image is intentionally degraded in some fashion, and distributed to consumers. By reference to one or more watermarks in the degraded image, some or all of the degradation can be removed, or transformed to a less-objectionable state. Through such arrangements, image consumers with different needs can gain access to versions of the image having differing qualities.
US08194911B2	Earphone integrated eartip An integrated eartip (501) that utilizes a one-piece, rather than a multi-piece, design is provided. The one-piece design is comprised of a first portion that includes at least one, or at least two, sound delivery tubes (513/515) and a second portion that is comprised of a compressible region. The integrated eartip also includes means for releasably attaching the eartip to an earphone in general, and a coupling member (503) in particular, thus allowing the eartip to be replaced as desired. When attached, the sound delivery tube, or tubes, of the integrated eartip are aligned with the acoustic port, or ports, of the earphone/coupling member. The first and second portions of the integrated eartip may exhibit different rigidity and/or compressibility characteristics. The integrated eartip can be fabricated from a single material such as a natural or synthetic elastomer.
US08194910B2	Headphones A headphone set has a housing to contain a speaker unit, with a sound emitting surface through which sounds given off by the speaker unit are emitted out, and an ear pad attached to the housing to surround the sound emitting surface. The ear pad has a protruding member and an arc-like member sticking out in opposite directions. The degree of sticking out for the arc-like member is smaller than the degree of sticking out for the protruding member. The protruding member has an inner space interposed between a top section and an opposing bottom section closer than the top section to the sound emitting section. The arc-like member has a top section and an opposing bottom section closer than the top section to the sound emitting surface. The top section of the protruding member is positioned farther than that of the arc-like member from the sound emitting surface.
US08194906B2	Antenna and speaker assembly and wireless communication device Disclosed is an antenna-speaker assembly, including an antenna unit including a radiator, a speaker unit including a speaker and coupled to the antenna unit, and a sound-absorbing part formed to conform to a circumference of a coupling surface of the antenna unit and the speaker unit, the sound-absorbing part being interposed between the antenna unit and the speaker unit. According to the present invention, the antenna-speaker assembly equipped with the structure of generating clear sound is provided. Furthermore, in a wireless communication device including an antenna-speaker assembly, the antenna-speaker assembly include an antenna unit including a radiator, a speaker unit including a speaker and coupled to the antenna unit, and a sound-absorbing material formed on a circumference of a face where the antenna unit and the speaker unit are coupled in such a manner as to be interposed between the antenna unit and the speaker unit.
US08194884B1	Aligning time variable multichannel audio Systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer program products, for audio editing are provided. In some implementations, a method is provided. The method includes receiving audio data having a first audio channel and a second audio channel. The audio data is separated, into a plurality of blocks. An amount of misalignment is determined between the first audio channel and the second audio channel for the portion of the audio data in each block using a phase difference between the first and second audio channels for each of a plurality of frequency bands. The first and second channels are aligned using the determined misalignment.
US08194878B2	Dual streaming with exchange of FEC streams by audio sinks A system and method is described herein in which an audio source wirelessly transmits audio content to a first audio sink over one wireless link and to a second audio sink over another wireless link. The two audio sinks also exchange forward error correction (FEC) streams over a link between the two audio sinks, wherein the FEC streams are generated by FEC encoding the audio content received from the audio source. The audio sinks advantageously use the exchanged FEC information to synchronize the playback of the audio content as well as to improve the robustness of the wireless links with the audio source in a manner that does not consume additional bandwidth on those links.
US08194871B2	System and method for call privacy A system and method for providing call privacy for a wireless communication device. A voice communication is received from a user. The voice communication is processed to determine a response signal in response to receiving the voice signal. The response signal is broadcast about the periphery of the user as the voice input is received. The response signal is operative to cause the voice communication to be less discernible by one or more bystanders.
US08194863B2	Speaker system A speaker array is provided which can increase the orientation when reproducing front channels of a surround sound, increase the density effect, improve the narrow directivity when reproducing a stereo sound and increase the selectivity in selecting reproduction methods which match setting environments. When reproducing a stereo sound by a speaker array for reproducing a surround sound by converting a sound into a beam of sound, the speaker array is divided into a sound reproducing region for an L system and a sound reproducing region for an R system at a central portion thereof. Then, each of the reproducing regions so divided is further divided in to bands. In addition, since a high frequency reproducing region has a high directivity and a strong orientation when the sound is attempted to be reproduced simultaneously by the plurality of speakers as is described above, a reproducing region is limited to part of the reproducing regions. Additionally, when stereo reproducing a front system of a surround sound source, the center orientation is improved by implementing different processings for the L, R systems and C. By adopting this configuration, it is possible to reproduce a sound with a natural stereo effect with no high frequency sound converted 25 into a beam of sound.
US08194860B2	Audio signal processing system and surround signal generation method To provide an audio signal processing system, a surround signal generation method and so on that are capable of obtaining stable output signal level and feeling of soundscape without depending on an audio input signal. A DSP inputs audio input signals respectively corresponding to a plurality of channels, and generates surround signals that have reflection sound and reverberate sound and that respectively correspond to the plurality of channels. The DSP generates the surround signal corresponding to one channel based on an audio input signal corresponding to the one channel, a variable number changing within the predetermined range in response to a signal level of the surround signal at a preceding predetermined time corresponding to the one channel, and the audio input signal corresponding to the other channel.
US08194853B2	Surge immunity circuit for telecom DDA In described embodiments, a data communication device employing, for example, a modem and a data access arrangement (DAA) electrically connected to a telephone network has an increased surge immunity through use of improved hook switch driver and line modulation driver circuitry. In accordance with described embodiments, hook switch driver circuitry exhibits decreased surge power dissipation by maintaining the hook switch driver transistors in saturation at higher currents while reducing the collector-emitter voltage across hook switch driver transistors, and line modulation driver circuitry exhibits decreased total surge power dissipation by i) limiting surge voltage ii) over voltage stress of the line driver transistor.
US08194847B2	Method and system for voice monitoring A system and method may provide processing of a communication request for establishing a communication session to communicate signals between an interactive voice response device and a first communication device over a network, identifying a monitoring request requesting monitoring of the communication session, and instructing establishment of a monitoring session for conferencing a second communication device into the communication session to receive the signals communicated between the interactive voice response device and the first communication device at the second communication device.
US08194846B1	Transfer function for messaging platform in public telephone system A messaging system includes a messaging platform for storing a message from a calling party or transferring the calling party to a transfer station, a switching mechanism for receiving a call from the calling party to a subscriber, and a routing application at a server. The call from the calling party is connected to the messaging platform and the calling party signals to be transferred to the transfer station. In response, the messaging platform sends a transfer message to the routing application and the routing application directs the switching mechanism to disconnect the calling party from the messaging platform and connect the calling party to the transfer station.
US08194837B1	Multimedia call request scheduling Techniques for setting up calls between two or more parties are described. A scheduler, operating in combination with a telecommunications network, may set up calls between two or more parties based on a queue of prioritized and/or communication mode required requests. The calls may be set up when all of the required parties are deemed to be available, based on prior scheduled events, and/or based on presence information. In one embodiment, available modes of communication, such as text, audio, data, video, of each party may be considered based on requested parameters for the call.
US08194826B2	Handling emergency calls using EAP A user (terminal) is allowed to make an emergency voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone call through an access network, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN) using Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). The emergency call can be made with or without authentication credentials and is identified by the user's terminal transmitting a Network Access Identifier (NAI) having a user part and/or realm part that indicates the emergency nature of the call, such as e911@e911.com. In response to such an NAI, the caller can be immediately granted limited authentication for the purpose of connecting to an emergency call center. Alternatively, the user (terminal) can be authenticated through networks supporting emergency calls, such as the user's home network, if the terminal indicates to the access network authentication server a preference or requirement for using such networks. The call can be routed to the emergency call center either directly or via one or more intermediary networks, such as networks that support emergency VoIP phone calls.
US08194823B2	X-ray image capturing and interpretation system with cassette and mobile X-ray image capturing apparatus A cassette allows radiation image information stored therein to be used immediately after an X-ray radiation image is captured in a patient's room, and a mobile X-ray image capturing apparatus incorporates such a cassette. The mobile X-ray image capturing apparatus has a cradle serving as a mount for receiving the cassette which has a radiation detector. The mobile X-ray image capturing apparatus captures a radiation image of the patient (subject) in the patient's room. The cassette serves as a mobile station. While the cassette (mobile X-ray image capturing apparatus) is moving, the radiation image information stored in the cassette is transmitted to a server via a transmitting and receiving terminal, a mobile hospital communication network, and a hospital LAN.
US08194814B2	Detecting fission from special nuclear material sources A neutron detector system for discriminating fissile material from non-fissile material wherein a digital data acquisition unit collects data at high rate, and in real-time processes large volumes of data directly into information that a first responder can use to discriminate materials. The system comprises counting neutrons from the unknown source and detecting excess grouped neutrons to identify fission in the unknown source. The system includes a graphing component that displays the plot of the neutron distribution from the unknown source over a Poisson distribution and a plot of neutrons due to background or environmental sources. The system further includes a known neutron source placed in proximity to the unknown source to actively interrogate the unknown source in order to accentuate differences in neutron emission from the unknown source from Poisson distributions and/or environmental sources.
US08194809B2	Diversity receiver and diversity receiving method A purpose of the present invention is to provide a diversity receiver and a diversity receiving method, which are capable of performing a diversity reception without depending upon a moving speed, and also capable of achieving compatibility between reception performance and current consumption. A bit error rate calculator (107) calculates a bit error rate from a demodulation result of a demodulator (106); a switching frequency calculator (108) calculates a switching frequency which corresponds to such a frequency for alternately switching initiating and stopping operations of the diversity reception in response to the bit error rate calculated by the bit error rate calculator (107); and a switching controller (105) performs a switching operation for selecting both two receivers (103, 104), and another switching operation for selecting any one of the two receivers (103, 104) in accordance with the switching frequency calculated by the switching frequency calculator (108) so as to synthesize respective output signals with each other to output a synthesized signal in a case where two sets of the receivers (103, 104) are selected.
US08194808B2	Carrier selection for multiple antennas A method and apparatus is disclosed to process a received single stream communication signal and/or a multiple stream communication. A communications receiver is configured to receive the received communication signal. A communications receiver determines whether the received communication signal includes a single stream communication signal or a multiple stream communication signal. The communications receiver determines whether a received communication signal complies with a known single stream communications standard. The communications receiver determines whether the received communication signal complies with a known multiple stream communications standard. The communications receiver decodes the received communication signal according to the known single stream communications standard upon determining the received communication includes the signal single stream communication signal. The communications receiver decodes the received communication signal according to the known multiple stream communications standard upon determining the received communication includes the multiple stream communication signal.
US08194806B2	Demodulation device, demodulation device control method, demodulation device control program, and recording medium with recorded demodulation device control program This demodulation device receives and demodulates a digital broadcast wave. This demodulation device includes an RF search control unit (41) and a GI search control unit (42). The RF search control unit (41) determines whether or not there is a broadcast wave in a certain channel, in accordance with an intensity of a signal outputted from a tuner (12) for receiving a digital broadcast wave. The GI search control unit (42) determines whether or not the broadcast wave is digital, based on whether or not the signal outputted from the tuner (12) contains a guard interval. Thus, the demodulation device is capable of efficiently searching for a channel containing a digital broadcast wave.
US08194792B2	Look-ahead digital loop filter for clock and data recovery The present invention enhances the performance of a clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit by employing look-ahead techniques to produce a low latency timing adjustment. In one example of the invention employed in a CDR circuit having a decimation filter processing the CDR's phase detector output, the invention uses the most significant bits of the decimation filter output to quickly determine a look-ahead adjustment.
US08194789B2	Input signal combiner system and method Disclosed are various embodiments of an input signal combiner. In one embodiment, a receive stage receives a multi-phase waveform and separates the multi-phase waveform into a plurality of waveforms. Analog-to-digital converters convert the plurality of analog waveforms into at least one digital signal. At least one gain stage adjusts an amplitude of each of the digital signals and combines the amplitude adjusted digital signals into at least one gain adjusted combined signal. A signal extraction stage extracts an inbound signal from the at least one gain adjusted combined signal according to a demodulation scheme.
US08194788B2	Receiver and method for receiving wireless signals A receiver and method for receiving wireless signal are characterized in that a multi-branch correcting and switching module (402) is added, which is used for amplitude and phase correction of multiple digital baseband signals outputted from a multi-branch correction preprocess module (401); then, the signals are switched according to a switching strategy, and one of the corrected digital baseband signals is outputted; finally, the selected digital baseband signal is inputted to a digital receiving path post-stage (403) and further digital processing on the signal is performed, so that a bit stream is outputted. The multiple digital baseband signals are corrected before switching to be consistent with each other in terms of amplitude and phase, and specific synchronization information is not necessary; therefore, the signals can be switched rapidly when the signals are varied and need to be switched, and a rapid track for the signal change is achieved.
US08194782B2	Grouping bits interleaving apparatus and method thereof An grouping bits interleaver includes a grouping bits unit and a data storage unit. The grouping bits unit is used for storing N data bits of an input data and outputting an address signal. Wherein each data bit is stored according to a bit position. The data storage unit coupled to the grouping bits unit is used for saving the content of the grouping bits according to the address signal. Compared to the conventional interleaver, the grouping bits interleaver has better memory usage, less access time, and smaller memory size.
US08194781B2	Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving control channel message in a MIMO mobile communication system A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a control channel message in a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) mobile communication system are provided, in which a control channel message generator generates a pilot/MIMO field indicating at least one of a pilot format, a MIMO transmission rank being a number of transmission layers for transmitting encoded packet streams, and precoding information for MIMO data transmission, and outputs a control channel message including the pilot/MIMO field, and a transmission module converts the control channel message to a radio signal and transmits the radio signal to an MS. In the case of using common pilots for data demodulation and at least one of knock-down precoding and ready-made precoding for the MIMO transmission, the pilot/MIMO field includes information about the at least one precoding. In the case of dedicated pilots for data demodulation, the pilot/MIMO field indicates a format of the dedicated pilots.
US08194779B2	Method for data communication via a voice channel of a wireless communication network A system and method for data communication over a cellular communications network that allows the transmission of digital data over a voice channel using a vocoder that operates in different modes depending upon characteristics of the inputted signal it receives. To prepare the digital data for transmission, one or more carrier signals are encoded with the digital data using one of a number of modulation schemes that utilize differential phase shift keying to give the modulated carrier signal certain periodicity and energy characteristics that allow it to be transmitted by the vocoder at full rate. The modulation schemes include DPSK using either a single or multiple frequency carriers, combined FSK-DPSK modulation, combined ASK-DPSK, as well as PSK with a phase tracker in the demodulator. These modulation schemes permit data communication via a CDMA, GSM, or other type of voice traffic channel at a low bit error rate.
US08194775B2	Method of differential space-time coding The present invention relates to a differential space-time coding of blocks of 2, 4 or 8 information symbols belonging to a 2-PPM modulation alphabet, for a pulse UWB MIMO system with 2, 4 or 8 transmitter antennas. The proposed differential space-time code does not introduce an inversion of the polarity of the pulses, whilst offering maximum diversity and a unit rate.The invention also relates to a pulse UWB transmitter system with 2, 4, or 8 antennas which uses this differential space-time coding, as well as an associated receiver system which does not require channel estimation.
US08194773B2	Apparatus and method for transmitting feedback information in communication system Disclosed is a system and method for transmitting feedback information in a communication system. A receiver calculates a minimum distance of each two symbol vectors among all symbol vectors which can be received through a kth subcarrier among a plurality of subcarriers, in which a channel state of the kth subcarrier and a jth precoder among precoders included in a codebook set are applied; calculates sums of minimum distances by adding minimum distances calculated for the plurality of subcarriers according to each precoder; determines a precoder corresponding to a value greatest among the sums of minimum distances calculated according to the precoders, as a precoder representing the plurality of subcarriers; and feeds the feedback information including a precoder index of the determined precoder back to a transmitter.
US08194772B2	Constellation rotation relay system and constellation rotation relay method Provided is a constellation rotation relay system and constellation rotation relay method which can acquire full diversity gain by performing constellation rotation for a channel matrix in a relay network when configuring a virtual MIMO channel. The constellation rotation system includes a matrix creator for creating a symbol matrix by configuring a symbol transmitted in parallel from a source of a relay network; and a constellation rotation unit constellation rotating the symbol in the symbol matrix by adding a constellation rotation matrix to the created symbol matrix.
US08194771B2	Transmission method and apparatus in a multiple antenna communication system A method and apparatus are disclosed for transmitting symbols in a multiple antenna communication system. The disclosed frame structure comprises a preamble having a plurality of long training symbols that are transmitted on a plurality transmit antennas. At least a portion of the frame is delayed on at least one transmit antenna. The disclosed frame formats of the present invention are backwards compatible to existing single antenna communication systems. The delay amount, D, can be approximately equal to one OFDM time sample period, T. The delayed version can be obtained by introducing a time delay into a signal on the delayed branch(es) or by cyclically shifting at least a portion of each frame on the delayed branch(es). The entire frame or only the preamble portion of each frame can be delayed.
US08194770B2	Coded MIMO systems with selective channel inversion applied per eigenmode Techniques to perform selective channel inversion per eigenmode in a MIMO system to achieve high spectral efficiency while reducing complexity at both the transmitter and receiver are presented. The available transmission channels are arranged into a number of groups, where each group may include all transmission channels (or frequency bins) for a respective eigenmode of a MIMO channel. The total transmit power is allocated to the groups using a particular group power allocation scheme. Selective channel inversion is then performed independently for each group selected for use for data transmission. For each such group, one or more transmission channels in the group are selected for use, and a scaling factor is determined for each selected channel such that all selected channels for the group achieve similar received signal quality (e.g., received SNR).
US08194769B2	GERAN transceiver and method for cooperative channel encoding across multiple GERAN tonal carriers Embodiments of a GERAN transceiver for communicating in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE) radio access network (GERAN) are described herein. The GERAN transceiver includes a codation module to split a turbo-encoded data block into a plurality of turbo-encoded data bursts and to interleave the plurality of turbo-encoded data bursts for individual transmission on across a plurality of tonal carriers corresponding to independent GERAN frequency channels.
US08194759B2	Picture coding method and picture decoding method A picture coding apparatus (300) is a picture coding apparatus that codes a difference between picture data (Img) representing an input picture and predictive picture data (Pred) representing a predictive picture for the input picture and generates coded picture data, and includes a picture decoding unit (104) for decoding coded picture data (Img) after the picture data (Img) is coded; inter pixel filters A and B (303 and 304) for performing inter pixel filter operation for decoded picture data (Recon) obtained by the picture decoding unit (104); switches (301 and 302) for selecting one of the inter pixel filters; and an inter picture predicting unit (108) for generating the predictive picture data (Pred) for the input picture data (Img) using filtered decoded picture data (FilteredImg1), as reference picture data (Ref), obtained by the selected inter pixel filter.
US08194753B2	Apparatus processing video stream An apparatus processing a video stream includes a CPU, a memory access controller reading stream data from an external memory, a buffer storing the stream data, and a hardware accelerator decoding the stream data. The hardware accelerator includes a plurality of decoders decoding the stream data in accordance with one of a plurality of different video coding standards.
US08194749B2	Method and apparatus for image intraprediction encoding/decoding Provided is a method and apparatus for image intraprediction encoding/decoding. The method for image intraprediction encoding includes an intraprediction unit which divides an input block into at least one first sub-block of a predetermined size, and performing intraprediction encoding on the at least one first sub-block according to a first sub-block processing order using pixel values of at least adjacent sub-blocks located to the right of and/or below the at least one first sub-block.
US08194742B2	Video decoder A method and a video decoder for decoding an encoded bitstream of video data in a picture encoding and decoding system are disclosed. The video decoder includes a motion compensation unit for calculating a position for a sample image portion using an encoded bitstream of video data having a motion vector and rounding information. The calculated position of a sample image is rounded with the rounding information. The rounding information indicates the accuracy for rounding, and it is decoded from the bitstream. An image reconstruction unit reconstructs a decoded image portion of the video data from the sample image portion.
US08194732B2	Integrated circuit with conversion capability for portable media player Presented herein are system(s), method(s) and apparatus for an integrated circuit with conversion capabilities for transferring data to a portable media player. In one embodiment, there is presented an integrated circuit for providing video data. The integrated circuit comprises at least one input, at least one output, an encoder, and at least another output. At least one input receives video data. At least one output provides the video data to a display screen. The encoder encodes the video data into a particular compressed format. The at least another output for provides the video data in the particular compressed format to an interface.
US08194720B2	Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method A wireless communication system which performs data transmission using spatially multiplexed streams from a first terminal including N antennas to a second terminal including M antennas (N is an integer of 2 or more and M is an integer of 1 or more) is disclosed. The system includes notifying means, training means, channel matrix estimation means, beamforming information feedback means, transmission weight matrix setting means, and beamforming means.
US08194718B2	Receiving apparatus and signal processing method In the reception and demodulation of a communication signal with frequency hopping among a plurality of frequency bands, a demodulator is formed by a balance circuit. The demodulator performs frequency conversion by multiplying signals in_a and in_b, which are obtained by converting a received signal into differential signals, by local signals Lo—1a and Lo—1b with a frequency corresponding to a frequency band of the received signal, which are frequency-switched during a guard interval period of the received signal, in synchronization with a symbol of the received signal. Further, two output ends of the demodulator are charged/discharged through capacitors in synchronization with frequency switching of the local signal so that a voltage difference between the two output ends of the demodulator becomes a prescribed level.
US08194710B2	Semiconductor laser with heater An optical semiconductor device has a semiconductor substrate, a semiconductor region and heater. The semiconductor region has a stripe shape demarcated with a top face and a side face thereof. The stripe shape has a width smaller than a width of the semiconductor substrate. An optical waveguide layer is located in the semiconductor region. A distance from a lower end of the side face of the semiconductor region to the optical waveguide layer is more than half of the width of the semiconductor region. The heater is provided above the optical waveguide layer.
US08194706B2	Method of transmitting data in a communication system A method of processing a signal received at a node in a network, comprising the steps of; receiving the signal at the node; determining characteristics of a first part of the signal; determining characteristics of a second part of the signal that is subsequent to the first part of the signal; quantifying an effect on the signal caused by applying an action to the first part of the signal, based on characteristics of the first part of the signal; quantifying an effect on the signal caused by not applying the action on the first part of the signal, based on characteristics of the second part of the signal; applying the action to the first part of the signal if it is determined that the effect on the signal caused by applying the action to the first part of the signal is less detrimental to at least one measure of the signal quality than the effect on the signal caused by not applying the action to the first part of the signal.
US08194703B2	Wireless communication system In a CDMA wireless communication system equipped with a base station, and at least one of wireless communication terminals which performs packet communications with respect to the base station by using at least one carrier, and wireless communication terminals which performs packet communications with respect to the base station by using a plurality of carriers at the same time. The base station includes: allocation information applying unit which applies allocation information which is commonly employed with respect to the plural carriers when a carrier is allocated to a specific terminal of the wireless communication terminals; time slot allocating unit which allocates time slots which are used by the wireless communication terminals in communications; allocation information storage unit which stores thereinto the allocation information; and time slot distribution determining unit which determines a time slot distribution which can be used by both the wireless communication terminals using one carrier, and also, the wireless communication terminals using the plural carriers at the same time.
US08194697B2	Selective connection device allowing connection of at least one peripheral to a target computer and a selective control system comprising such a device A selective connection device allowing the connection of at least one peripheral to a target computer and a selective control system comprising such a device. It relates to the field of devices for the selective connection of a control device composed of input/output peripherals to various target computers. The selective connection device affords security guarantees by preventing communication between the various target computers that may be controlled.
US08194687B2	Access point configured for station group management and method for managing station-management groups Embodiments of an access point configured for station group management and a method for managing station-management groups in a wireless network are generally described herein. In some embodiments, the access point may transmit a group allocation message to selected stations and establish a station-management group to include stations from which response frames are received. The access point may also transmit DL MU-MIMO transmissions to the stations of the station-management group using a MU-MIMO technique. When explicit group deletion is employed, the access point may explicitly delete some stations from the station-management group by transmitting a group deletion message to the stations of the group. When implicit group deletion is employed, the access point may implicitly delete some stations from the station-management group after a predetermined period of time indicated in the group allocation message by refraining from transmitting DL MU-MIMO transmissions or group update messages to the stations of the group.
US08194681B2	Bridging between AD HOC local networks and internet-based peer-to-peer networks Bridging between ad hoc local networks and Internet based peer-to-peer networks involves coupling a bridge device to a local network using an ad-hoc, peer-to-peer protocol used for exchanging data between consumer electronics devices. The bridge device is coupled to a public network using an Internet-based peer-to-peer networking protocol. In one arrangement, metadata related to media accessible from a media server of the local network is determined via the bridge device, and the metadata is transformed via the bridge device to enable peer-to-peer devices of the public network to discover the media via the bridge device using the Internet-based peer-to-peer networking protocol. In another arrangement, metadata related to media accessible from the public network is determined via the peer-to-peer networking protocol, and the metadata is transformed via the bridge device to enable a device of the local network to discover the media via the bridge device using the ad-hoc, peer-to-peer protocol.
US08194680B1	Managing communications for modified computer networks Techniques are described for managing communications between multiple computing nodes, such as computing nodes that are part of a virtual computer network. In some situations, various types of modifications may be made to one or more computing nodes of an existing virtual computer network, and the described techniques include managing ongoing communications for those computing nodes so as to accommodate the modifications. Such modifications may include, for example, migrating or otherwise moving a particular computing node that is part of a virtual network to a new physical network location, or modifying other aspects of how the computing node participates in the virtual network (e.g., changing one or more virtual network addresses used by the computing node). In some situations, the computing nodes may include virtual machine nodes hosted on one or more physical computing machines or systems, such as by or on behalf of one or more users.
US08194675B2	Parsing out of order data packets at a content gateway of a network In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, at a local node of a network, a sequenced data packet of a flow made up of multiple sequenced data packets from a source node directed toward a destination node. The flow is to be parsed by the local node to describe the flow for administration of the network. Based on sequence data in the sequenced data packet, it is determined whether the sequenced data packet is out of order in the flow. If it is determined that the sequenced data packet is out of order, then the sequenced data packet is forwarded toward the destination node before parsing the sequenced data packet. The out of order sequenced data packet is also stored for subsequent parsing at the local node.
US08194663B2	Method and apparatus for operating network application in communication devices in power save mode An apparatus and method are provided for allowing UPnP devices to exchange power mode information with one another in a unified home network. The method of relaying a message in a unified network including at least first and second networks, the method includes receiving information regarding a power mode of a communication device connected to the first network from the communication device, generating a message indicating the power mode of the communication device based on the received information, and transmitting the message to the second network so that communication devices connected to the second network recognize the power mode of the communication device connected to the first network. Accordingly, even if a UPnP device in the power save mode cannot receive or transmit messages, another UPnP device can determine whether the UPnP device is connected to a network. If a new UPnP device generates an IP address according to an automatic IP mechanism, it is possible to prevent IP collision caused by a UPnP device that is connected to an IP network but operating in the power save mode.
US08194661B2	Autoconfiguration of an IPv6 component in a segmented network Autoconfiguration of an IPv6 component in a segmented network including receiving an IPv6 packet; determining whether the received IPv6 packet is a router advertisement or a router solicitation; if the received IPv6 packet is a router advertisement, then retrieving through an out-of-band link a MAC address for the IPv6 component, removing a MAC address of a sending router, inserting in the packet instead an internal MAC address for forwarding packets to the IPv6 component, removing a multicast destination MAC address, inserting in the packet the destination MAC address of the IPv6 component, and forwarding the packet to the IPv6 component as a unicast message; if the received IPv6 packet is a router solicitation, then removing the MAC address of the sending IPv6 component, inserting in the packet instead an external MAC address for forwarding packets to the router, and forwarding the packet to the router as a multicast message.
US08194644B2	Client/server queuing method to coordinate connection attempts to a server A client/server network includes a plurality of IP devices in communication with a central server. The plurality of IP devices communicate with one another to queue themselves onto a linked list. The plurality of IP devices then connect to the central server in the order determined by the linked list. Prior to attempting to connect to the central server, each of the plurality of IP devices verifies that a number of IP devices currently attempting to connect to the central server is not equal to a maximum number.
US08194642B2	System and method for providing multimedia services In certain embodiments, the present invention comprises a system and method for providing feature services in a multimedia communication environment. The system and method comprise comparing signaling messages with control data to identify one or more service enablers and application servers that are responsive to the signaling message. Each responsive service enabler is invoked in accordance with an associated policy hook.
US08194636B1	Adaptive timing synchronization for mesh networks Timing synchronization for mesh networks is disclosed. A temperature calibration data is received. A plurality of previously stored calibration values each corresponding to different temperatures is adjusted based at least in part on the received temperature calibration data. A temperature measurement is received. A first clock offset is determined based at least in part on the adjusted plurality of previously stored calibration values and the temperature measurement.
US08194634B2	Method and system for extending a mobile directory number to a landline-based voice-over-packet network A mobile station is coupled to a docking station that has a landline connection to a packet-switched network. In response, the mobile station's mobile directory number (MDN) is registered, via the packet-switched network, as being accessible via the docking station. As a result, when a call is placed to the MDN, the call is routed to the docking station via the packet-switched network. Communication devices coupled to the docking station may then be used to answer the call and/or participate in the call.
US08194633B2	Method for transmitting data in a WLAN network A method for transmitting data in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) including transmitting a WLAN message between a terminal device and an access node of the WLAN network in the Layer 2 protocol layer. An Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) message is transmitted in the WLAN message. The EAP message includes a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) message having SIP authentication data.
US08194630B2	Method and system for interference reduction through proximity based transmission mode change A method for transmission mode change in a telecommunication network, said network having a public network comprising at least one public base station (NB) covering a public cell and a private network comprising at least one private base station (PBS) covering a private cell, wherein said at least one private base station has limited access rights for User Equipment (UEs) in the private network, and where said UEs are able to also communicate with the public network, comprising the step of: performing a private base station transmission mode change when the private base station is in an interference reduction transmission mode to an active transmission mode when a UE with access right to said private base station is detected in proximity of said private base station, where a detection of said proximity is based on information being specific for said UE and its relation to said private base station. The disclosure also relates to a telecommunication system.
US08194629B2	Method for distributing media in an infrastructure based communication system A wireless communication device acquires membership in a predefined group, joins an ad hoc network associated with the predefined group, and joins and participates in a first session established through an infrastructure device for distributing media to the predefined group. If the wireless communication device is a duplicator node for the ad hoc network, then it receives the media from the infrastructure device and distributes the media other nodes of the ad hoc network, otherwise it receives the media from the duplicator node. The infrastructure device identifies the duplicator node for each ad hoc network associated with the predefined group and each member of the predefined group that is not a node of any of the ad hoc networks and distributes the media only to these members of the predefined group.
US08194624B2	Resource allocating method among mobile-stations in distribution communication network A method of resource allocation among mobile stations in distributed communication network enables a mobile station to perceive existence of another mobile station through a time slot for resource allocation without having to communicate with a sensor node. If perceiving another mobile station, the mobile station allocates time slot resources not to overlap with the time slot resources of another mobile station, and performs location measurement or media access and reception of service from the sensor node through the allocated time slot resources. Because the mobile stations of the network can perceive each other by communicating with each other, and accordingly allocate their own resources without overlapping with the resource of the others, frequent collision of the signal for location measurement can be prevented.
US08194618B2	Radio base station device, communication terminal device, and control information transmission method In addition to dedicated channel signal formation units 101-1 to 101-N, control information channel signal formation unit 110 is provided and this control information channel signal formation unit 110 forms control information for carrying out uplink packet transmission. The control information channel signal formation unit 110 multiplexes control information (RG information, ACK/NACK, etc.) directed to a plurality of communication terminals through a channel encoding section 111 according to a multiplexing rule preset between the base station apparatus and each communication terminal and spreads the control information using a spreading code common to the communication terminals through a spreading section 113 and thereby forms a control information channel signal for uplink packet transmission.
US08194616B1	Power save mechanisms for dynamic ad-hoc networks Techniques for establishing a dynamic ad-hoc wireless network are disclosed. A node transitions between wake and sleep modes during periods defined as beacon intervals. Before a network connection is established and while it is awake, the node transmits network connection request and also listens for network activity. If a beacon or response message is not detected while the node is listening, the node enters sleep mode and thereby conserves power. The node optionally changes the duration of its detection period and/or the time at which it listens for network activity relative to the start of each beacon interval. Information elements are optionally included with transmitted beacons or response messages.
US08194615B2	Method for conserving resources during wireless handover of a dual mode mobile station A method is described that is for handing over a multi-mode mobile device from a first network technology to a second network technology. The method includes initiating by the multi-mode mobile device a first packet session in a first wireless network in an area of multi-technology wireless coverage and detecting by a multi-mode mobile device a second wireless network supporting a different access network technology than the first wireless network. The method also includes determining a Quality of Service requirement for services supported by the session, and completing initial network entry and session establishment procedures by the multi-mode mobile device for a second session in the second wireless network when the first session includes at least one of a QoS sensitive service and real time service by the first wireless network and mobile device, and not completing initial network entry and session establishment procedures by the multi-mode mobile device when no QoS sensitive service and real time services are supported by the mobile device and first wireless network.
US08194614B2	Methods and systems for MOB—HO-IND message enhancement Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for efficient reactivation of a previously exited sleep mode. The proposed method may send a request for reactivation of the sleep mode along with the handover cancellation message to the serving base station. For certain embodiments, the request may include a set of sleep mode parameters used in the previously exited sleep mode.
US08194609B2	Handoff management based on non-traffic state uplink signals A detecting base station receives a non-traffic state uplink signal transmitted from a wireless communication device to an originating base station. The originating base station transmits a search message instructing the wireless communication device to search for an alternate base station.
US08194608B2	Telecommunications system and method A mobile communications session is provided to a mobile node using an internet protocol. A home packet data network communicates with an affiliated mobile node. The home packet data network includes a home agent of the mobile node. A visited packet data network communicates with an affiliated mobile node. A packet data gateway controls the communication between the home and visited packet data networks. Following a change of affiliation from the home packet data network to the visited packet data network, the packet data gateway and the home agent establish a route to the mobile node via the packet data gateway, which controls communication between the home packet data network and the mobile node affiliated with the visited packet data network. If the mobile node roams between a 3GPP network and a non-3GPP network; the packet data gateway controls communication, using resources on the 3GPP network by the mobile node.
US08194601B2	Method for transmitting and receiving signals using multi-band radio frequencies A method for transmitting and receiving signals using multi-band Radio Frequencies (RFs) is provided. The method performs channel coding on an information unit of a specific layer above a physical layer to produce a specific number of codewords and maps the generated specific number of codewords to a plurality of frequency allocation bands managed by one specific layer, and then transmits the mapped signal through each of the plurality of frequency allocation bands. Each of the plurality of frequency allocation bands managed by the one specific layer has a band size for allocation for a specific service according to a predetermined frequency policy. When the generated specific number of codewords is mapped to the plurality of frequency allocation bands, each of the specific number of codewords is mapped to at least one of the plurality of frequency allocation bands. A frequency allocation band used for transmission of each codeword when the codeword is retransmitted may be set to be different from that when it is initially transmitted.
US08194597B2	Method and apparatus for cellular communication over data networks Cellular signals or other wireless signals/messages are introduced into a building or to an outside location by transmitting packets corresponding to those signals over a data network and low cost cables to designated locations within the data network. Once the designated packets containing the signals reach the destination, they are then broadcast over the air to a terminal capable of receiving the wireless message. In a first embodiment, an in-building gigabit Ethernet network, such as that currently existing presently in many buildings, is used to distribute radio signals indoors. Instead of transmitting the radio signals over the air from a repeater connected to a base station, coded baseband signals generated by the coding processor (e.g., a CDMA Modem Unit) in the base station are packetized and sent over the Ethernet network to radio processing equipment and antennas distributed throughout the building. The radio processing equipment strips the packet headers from the baseband signal packets so those signals can be broadcast via the antennas to one or more mobile terminals.
US08194595B2	Hierarchical data collection network supporting packetized voice communications among wireless terminals and telephones A packet-based, hierarchical communication system, arranged in a spanning tree configuration, is described in which wired and wireless communication networks exhibiting substantially different characteristics are employed in an overall scheme to link portable or mobile computing devices. The network accommodates real time voice transmission both through dedicated, scheduled bandwidth and through a packet-based routing within the confines and constraints of a data network. Conversion and call processing circuitry is also disclosed which enables access devices and personal computers to adapt voice information between analog voice stream and digital voice packet formats as proves necessary. Routing pathways include wireless spanning tree networks, wide area networks, telephone switching networks, internet, etc., in a manner virtually transparent to the user. A voice session and associate call setup simulates that of conventional telephone switching network, providing well-understood functionality common to any mobile, remote or stationary terminal, phone, computer, etc.
US08194594B2	Method for transmitting signal and information on antenna, and method for estimating the number of antennas A base station applies frequency switching transmission diversity and a precoding vector to a synchronization channel and applies a space-frequency block coding and a precoding vector to a broadcast channel. The base station controls the synchronization channel and the broadcast channel to be positioned adjacent each other and then generates and transmits a downlink frame. The base station includes partial information on the number of antennas in the synchronization channel, and other information thereon in the broadcast channel.
US08194593B2	Quality of service architecture for home mesh network An embodiment is a technique to perform QoS. An interface between an upper layer and a lower layer in a multi-hop mesh network receives and transmits packets from and to a local node and a remote node. A classifier classifies the received packets into a plurality of packet types having different priority levels. A queue manager manages a plurality of buffers organized according to the packet types. The plurality of buffers stores the classified packets based on the packet types. A scheduler schedules distributing the packets from the plurality of buffers based on the priority levels according to a scheduling policy.
US08194585B2	Wireless communication system A modular wireless Internet access communications system designed to extend broadband 802.3 linear-bus topology up to fifteen miles beyond the physical limits of DSL or cable technologies through the integration of specialized wireless hardware devices, firmware, and protocols.
US08194584B2	Base station device, wireless terminal, wireless communication management device, and wireless communication system A base station device includes: a connection determining unit that determines whether a connection can be allowed in response to a wireless communication connection request from a wireless terminal that can have wireless communications with other base stations; a frequency calculating unit that calculates the frequency at which the connection determining unit prohibits a connection; and a power changing unit that changes transmission power, based on the connection prohibition frequency.
US08194574B2	Wireless access method and apparatus determining communication carriers to be used in uplink and downlink based on type of service A wireless access method includes connecting a wireless base station and a plurality of wireless terminals using a first communication carrier and a second communication carrier in a hybrid-duplex manner; allocating uplink data of a real-time service to the first communication carrier; allocating uplink data of a non-real-time service to the second communication carrier; allocating downlink data of the real-time service to one of the first communication carrier and the second communication carrier; and allocating downlink data of the non-real-time service to the first and second communication carriers.
US08194570B2	Configuration tool for MPLS virtual private network topologies Configuration tool for virtual private network (VPN) topologies. In particular implementations, a method includes accessing a network topology configuration set comprising one or more route target groups (RTGs), wherein each RTG comprises a topology type identifier, one or more site identifiers, one or more role identifiers associated with each of the site identifiers, and one or more route target identifiers; generating one or more route target statements, based on the topology type identifier and role identifiers of one or more RTGs, defining the export or import of network layer reachability information between one or more routing nodes in a virtual private network (VPN) topology; and transmitting the one or more route target statements to one or more routing nodes.
US08194554B2	Method and apparatus for providing bypass connectivity between routers Forwarding Adjacencies (FAs) can be set up between IP/MPLS routers without requiring a Routing Adjacency (RA) to be brought up for every FA. This enables increased bypass connectivity to be established between end-point routers in the IP/MPLS network without attendant additional processing associated with having dedicated RA for each FA. Where it is possible to modify the end-point routers, the physical ports may be configured to support stand-alone FAs. A configured FA at a physical port is then associated with an IP address of a remote end-point router and a connection within the bypass technology. OAM is used to verify connectivity and configuration across the FA. Alternatively, an emulated Ethernet LAN segment may be used for IP traffic to enable full mesh connectivity to be provided by the bypass technology while requiring only one or a small number of RAs to be implemented at each end-point router.
US08194553B2	Network system, traffic balancing method, network monitoring device and host A traffic balancing system, traffic balancing device and traffic balancing method that converts IP packets by switching IP address of the destination host between the dual stack hosts communicating with each other, in order to control traffic balancing in the networks.
US08194550B2	Trust-based methodology for securing vehicle-to-vehicle communications A vehicle-to-vehicle communications system that employs a challenge/response based process to ensure that information received from a vehicle is reliable. The subject vehicle transmits a challenge question to the suspect vehicle to determine whether the suspect vehicle is a reliable source of information. The process increases a number of tokens in a token bucket for the suspect vehicle if the response to the challenge question is correct, and decreases the number of tokens in the token bucket for the suspect vehicle if the response to the challenge question is incorrect. The subject vehicle accepts a message from the suspect vehicle if the number of tokens in the bucket for the suspect vehicle is greater than a predetermined upper threshold, and discards the message from the suspect vehicle if the number of tokens in the bucket for the suspect vehicle is less than a predetermined lower threshold.
US08194548B2	Method and system for duty cycling portions of a network device based on aggregate throughput of the device Aspects of a method and system for duty cycling a network device based on aggregate throughput of the device are provided. In this regard, a limit on aggregate ingress and egress data of a network device during a time interval may be determined. Processing of data by the network device may be duty cycled based on the determination. The device may process data at a first rate during a first portion of the time interval and process data at a second rate during a remaining portion of the time interval. In this regard, portions of the device may be slowed or powered down during the first portion of the time interval. Power consumed by the device during the first portion of the time interval may be less than power consumed by the device during the remaining portion of the time interval.
US08194547B1	Configuring flow control settings Flow control settings are configured. Credit settings for credit types of input/output interconnect ports are programmed at a low value. The system type of a system containing the input/output interconnect ports is detected. The credit settings are reprogrammed in accordance with the system type.
US08194538B2	Optimal route selection in a content delivery network A routing mechanism, service or system operable in a distributed networking environment. One preferred environment is a content delivery network (CDN) wherein the present invention provides improved connectivity back to an origin server, especially for HTTP traffic. In a CDN, edge servers are typically organized into regions, with each region comprising a set of content servers that preferably operate in a peer-to-peer manner and share data across a common backbone such as a local area network (LAN). The inventive routing technique enables an edge server operating within a given CDN region to retrieve content (cacheable, non-cacheable and the like) from an origin server more efficiently by selectively routing through the CDN's own nodes, thereby avoiding network congestion and hot spots. The invention enables an edge server to fetch content from an origin server through an intermediate CDN server or, more generally, enables an edge server within a given first region to fetch content from the origin server through an intermediate CDN region.
US08194531B2	Methods for transmitting and receiving a multicarrier signal, carrying out a channel estimation, and corresponding devices and computer program products A method is provided for receiving a received signal corresponding to a multicarrier signal transmitted by at least one transmitter via a transmission channel. The multicarrier signal is formed by a temporal succession of symbols consisting of a set of data elements including informative data elements with real values, and pilots for at least some of the symbols. Due to groups of at least two pilots being respectively located in an adjacent region in the time/frequency space, the reception method includes a step of extracting at least two complex values corresponding the pilots of the group of the adjacent region, once they have passed through the transmission channel, and a step of estimating the transmission channel in the adjacent region on the basis of the complex values. The modulation used is the type of OFDM OQAM.
US08194521B2	Optical disc device, video reproducing apparatus, server, car navigation system using the optical disc device, integrated circuit and recording/reproducing method An optical disc device is provided with an optical head including a light source, a condensing optical system including an objective lens for receiving a light beam emitted from the light source and forming a microspot on a multilayer optical recording medium, a photodetector for receiving the light beam reflected by the multilayer optical recording medium and outputting an electrical signal corresponding to the amount of light and a coma aberration correcting element for correcting a coma aberration of the condensing optical system, and a processing circuit for controlling the condensing optical system and the coma aberration correcting element. The processing circuit controls the condensing optical system and the coma aberration correcting element so that the correction of the coma aberration from a value suitable for a first recording layer to a value specified for a second recording layer is started before a movement of a focus position of the microspot from the first recording layer to the second recording layer is completed.
US08194508B2	Waveform based bit detection for bit patterned media The presently disclosed technology teaches a transducer head with a read sensor, a write pole, and one or more waveform sensors attached to the transducer head. Further, a waveform propagates in the direction of a BPM and the waveform sensor is configured to detect the waveform after it is reflected from the BPM. Additionally, a spin-polarized current is influenced by the BPM and a spin angular momentum sensor detects changes in spin angular momentum of the current. Further, a processor relates at least one property of the reflected waveform and/or current with positions of patterned bits on the BPM. The processor may then modify a timing signal and/or transducer head position to ensure that data bits are accurately written to the BPM. The end result is the ability to more quickly and accurately detect the patterned bits and synchronize a position of the transducer head with the patterned bits.
US08194501B2	Apparatus and method of sniper localization An apparatus and method of sniper localization includes an internal clock; an acoustic sensor positioned in a known location and detecting pressure waves; a first processor determining the trajectory of the supersonic projectile, where the first processor includes a shock wave threshold detector receiving time series information and recording arrival times of shock wave components of the pressure waves; a blast threshold detector receiving the time series information and recording arrival times and amplitude information of blast wave components of the pressure waves; a discrimination processor discriminating between a blast wave, a shock wave, or neither, and storing arrival times of each of the potential blast wave components classified as the blast wave; and a localization estimation processor calculating an estimated trajectory of the projectile based on the blast wave and the shock wave arrival times and calculating an estimated firing position of the projectile.
US08194500B2	Method and device for locating a sound source A method of locating a sound source based on sound received at an array of microphones comprises the steps of determining a correlation function of signals provided by microphones of the array and establishing a direction in which the sound source is located based on at least one eigenvector of a matrix having matrix elements which are determined based on the correlation function. The correlation function has first and second frequency components associated with a first and second frequency band, respectively. The first frequency component is determined based on signals from microphones having a first distance, and the second frequency component is determined based on signals from microphones having a second distance different from the first distance.
US08194488B2	Auto-refresh operation control circuit for reducing current consumption of semiconductor memory apparatus An auto-refresh operation control circuit for a semiconductor memory apparatus is activated according to a bank active signal for executing a refresh operation and terminates the refresh operation by receiving a precharge signal. The auto-refresh operation control circuit is configured to prevent an over-driving operation during an auto-refresh operation and to delay the enablement of the precharge signal. The auto-refresh operation control circuit also delays the enablement of the precharge signal during the auto-refresh operation more than a delay of the precharge signal during a self-refresh operation.
US08194481B2	Semiconductor device with main memory unit and auxiliary memory unit requiring preset operation A semiconductor device that can implement a method comprising selecting a group of rows of auxiliary cells forming part of an auxiliary memory unit, the auxiliary cells being arranged into rows and columns; driving a plurality of bitlines each connected to a respective column of the auxiliary cells, so as to set each of the auxiliary cells to a first logic state; writing input data to selected ones of a plurality of main cells, wherein each of the auxiliary cells corresponds to a respective set of the main cells; selecting a particular row of auxiliary cells that includes at least one auxiliary cell whose corresponding main cells are among the selected cells; and driving the bitlines so as to set the at least one auxiliary cell to a second logic state different from the first logic state.
US08194468B2	Non-volatile memory cell with BTBT programming A Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) cell and programming method in which the cell can denote at least two logic levels (e.g., 0 and 1) and includes a read-transistor with a floating gate and a Band-To-Band-Tunneling device (BTBT device) sharing the floating gate with the read transistor.The BTBT device is configured as an injection device for injecting a first charge onto the floating gate when the BTBT device is biased so that it is in accumulation, to set at least one of the logic levels.
US08194461B2	Semiconductor memory device having dummy cells in NAND strings applied with an additional program voltage after erasure and prior to data programming A semiconductor memory device with NAND cell units arranged therein, the NAND cell unit including: a plurality of electrically rewritable and non-volatile memory cells connected in series; first and second select gate transistors disposed at the both ends of the NAND cell unit for coupling it to a bit line and a source line, respectively; and dummy cells disposed adjacent to the first and second select gate transistors in the NAND cell unit, wherein the dummy cells are set at a state with a threshold voltage higher than that of an erase state of the memory cell.
US08194460B2	Charge loss compensation during programming of a memory device A selected memory cell on a selected word line is programmed through a plurality of programming pulses that are incremented by a step voltage. After a successful program verify operation, programming of the selected memory cell is inhibited while other memory cells of the selected word line are being programmed. Another program verify operation is performed on the selected memory cell. If the program verify operation fails, a bit line coupled to the selected cell is biased at the step voltage and a final programming pulse is issued to the selected word line. The selected memory cell is then locked from further programming without evaluating the final program verify operation.
US08194459B2	Random telegraph signal noise reduction scheme for semiconductor memories Embodiments are provided that include a method including providing a first pulsed gate signal to a selected memory cell, wherein the pulsed gate signal alternates between a first voltage level and a second voltage level during a time period and sensing a data line response to determine data stored on the selected memory of cells. Further embodiments provide a system including a memory device, having a regulator circuit coupled to a plurality of access lines of a NAND memory cell, and a switching circuit configured to sequentially bias at least one of the plurality of the access lines between a first voltage level and a second voltage level based on an input signal.
US08194458B2	Programming and/or erasing a memory device in response to its program and/or erase history For one embodiment, a program starting voltage of one or more program pulses applied to one or more memory cells is in response, at least in part, to on a number of program pulses previously required to program the one or more memory cells and/or an erase starting voltage of one or more erase pulses applied to one or more memory cells is based on a number of erase pulses previously required to erase the one or more memory cells. For another embodiment, a program starting voltage level and/or an erase starting voltage level of one or more program and/or erase pulses applied to one or more memory cells is in response, at least in part, to a number of program/erase cycles previously applied to the one or more memory cells.
US08194452B2	Nonvolatile memory systems with embedded fast read and write memories A nonvolatile memory system is described with novel architecture coupling nonvolatile storage memory with random access volatile memory. New commands are included to enhance the read and write performance of the memory system.
US08194438B2	nvSRAM having variable magnetic resistors Non-volatile static random access memory (nvSRAM) that has a six transistor static random access memory (6T SRAM) cell electrically connected to a non-volatile random access memory (nvRAM) cell. The nvRAM cell has first and second variable magnetic resistors and first, second and third transistors.
US08194437B2	Computer memory device with multiple interfaces Various embodiments are generally directed to a method and apparatus associated with operating a first memory device with multiple interfaces and a status register. In some embodiments, a first interface is engaged by a host. A memory device that has a plurality of memory cells comprised of at least a magnetic tunneling junction and a spin polarizing magnetic material is connected to a second interface. A status register is maintained by logging at least an error or busy signal during data transfer operations through the first and second interfaces.
US08194434B2	Resistance change memory device A resistance change memory device including: a cell array with memory cells arranged therein, the memory cell storing a resistance state as data in a non-volatile manner; a write buffer configured to supply voltage and current to a selected memory cell in accordance with data to be written in it; and a write control circuit configured to make a part of current supplied to the selected memory cell flow out in accordance with the selected memory cell's state change in a write mode.
US08194433B2	Method and apparatus for accessing a bidirectional memory A bidirectional memory cell includes an ovonic threshold switch (OTS) and a bidirectional memory element. The OTS is configured to select the bidirectional memory element and to prevent inadvertent accesses to the memory element.
US08194419B2	Switching mode power supply for reducing standby power A switching mode power supply includes an EMI filter unit, a PFC unit, a DC/DC unit, a PFC controller including a feedback stage to which a link voltage at an output side of the PFC unit is fed back and an overvoltage protection stage, a DC/DC controller generating a burst mode operation signal in a light-load or no-load condition, an error signal generation unit for sensing an output voltage of the power supply to generate an error signal, and a control unit for enabling the PFC unit to operate in a burst mode by connecting the overvoltage protection stage and the feedback stage. When the error signal is smaller than a predetermined value, the DC/DC controller generates the burst mode operation signal. When the link voltage fed back to the feedback stage exceeds a threshold voltage of the overvoltage protection stage, the PFC controller deactivates the PFC unit.
US08194418B2	Frequency-hopping control method and module, and DC/DC converter A frequency-hopping control method is performed by a frequency-hopping control module that generates a driving signal for driving a voltage converting circuit to generate an output voltage. The method includes, generating a control signal according to a regulating signal inversely proportional to the output voltage of the voltage converting circuit. The control signal is cyclical, and each cycle of which includes an off-time having a variable duration with an inverse relation to magnitude of the regulating signal, and an on-time having a substantially fixed duration. The driving signal is generated according to the control signal and a periodic pulse signal. Therefore, the output voltage can be stabilized, and the voltage converting circuit can perform voltage conversion with reduced power loss and improved voltage conversion efficiency.
US08194416B2	Multilayer printed circuit board having electromagnetic wave reduction member Disclosed is a multilayer printed circuit board. The multilayer printed circuit board includes a power source surface to provide power to each component disposed on the power source surface, a ground surface having a reference voltage, a strip line which passes through the power source surface and/or the ground surface so as to transmit signals between components, an antenna installed in proximity to a sectional region of the power source surface and the ground surface, and an electromagnetic wave reduction member which is provided between the power source surface and the ground surface to effectively reduce an electromagnetic wave generated from the strip line.
US08194409B2	Guide frame for a pluggable module A guide frame is provided for receiving a pluggable module having guide members that include upper and lower surfaces. The guide frame includes side segments extending lengths from loading ends to mating ends. The side segments are spaced apart from each other to define a receptacle extending therebetween. The receptacle is configured to receive the pluggable module therein. The side segments include upper and lower guide rails for guiding the pluggable module within the receptacle. The upper and lower guide rails are configured to engage the upper and lower surfaces, respectively, of the guide members of the pluggable module when the pluggable module is received within the receptacle. The guide frame also includes a cross member extending from, and interconnecting, the side segments.
US08194403B2	Display with slide structure The present invention is related to a display with slide structure. The display comprises a rear casing, a stand, a fixing unit, a movable unit and at least one spring. The stand has an arc structure disposed beneath. The fixing unit is firmly disposed at the rear casing and contains at least one first holding part and at least one rail. The movable unit connects with the stand and contains at least one second holding part; wherein the movable unit is repeatedly movable by means of the rail. The spring is respectively connected to the first holding part and the second holding part with two ends. Whereby, the stand could be repeatedly movable against the rear casing by means of the movable unit and touch a flat surface by distinct sites of the arc structure, so that the display might maximize its inclined angle.
US08194402B2	Information processing unit An information processing unit of the present invention includes: a housing that incorporates an information processor; a handle arranged on one side surface of the housing; and support members that are arranged on the one side surface of the housing to protrude and support the handle. The support members respectively are arranged continuously from the one side surface to a pair of other side surfaces adjacent to the one side surface in a direction in which the handle is bridged. Each of the support members has a bent portion between the one side surface and each of the other side surfaces. Thus, a stress applied between the first housing and a handle mechanism when, for example, a user carries a notebook PC holding a handle can be dispersed, so that the handle can be fixed to the first housing with improved strength.
US08194391B2	Multilayer ceramic electronic component and manufacturing method thereof A multilayer ceramic electronic component including thin external terminal electrodes each having a superior bonding force to a ceramic base body is provided. In order to form the external terminal electrodes, after Cu plating films are deposited on exposed portions of internal electrodes by direct plating on a ceramic base body, a Cu liquid phase, an O2-containing liquid phase, and a Cu solid phase are generated between the Cu plating film and the ceramic base body by a heat treatment, so that Cu oxides are dispersed in the Cu plating film, at least near an interface with the ceramic base body. Since the Cu oxides function as an adhesive, a bonding force of the Cu plating film to the ceramic base body can be increased, and hence the external terminal electrode having a superior bonding force to the ceramic base body can be obtained.
US08194385B1	Precision alignment system A precision alignment system for the alignment of modular frames of an electronic sign including a plurality of precision alignment mechanisms which are mounted to the outer panels of the modular frames and an alignment fixture having a plurality of configurable jig towers. The configurable jig towers include moveable components which are used to precisionally align the outer contact surfaces of contact blocks in the precision alignment mechanisms for subsequent intimate contact between other like outer contact surfaces of contact blocks in the precision alignment mechanisms of horizontally and vertically adjacent modular frames.
US08194375B2	Open circuit voltage protection system and method A method to clamp an open circuit voltage in a photovoltaic module is proposed. The method include coupling a load resistor across an inverter module, initiating the inverter module and loading the inverter module via the load resistor, and coupling the loaded inverter module to the photovoltaic module. The method further include dissipating power via the load resistor to clamp the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic module, synchronizing an output voltage of the inverter module with a voltage of a grid and then coupling the inverter module to the grid and de-coupling the load resistor across the inverter module.
US08194372B1	Systems and methods for electrostatic discharge protection A system for protecting an integrated circuit (IC) from electrostatic discharge (ESD) events includes a sensing circuit that detects an occurrence of an ESD event on one of a plurality of power supply rails of the IC and, in response, outputs an alert signal identifying the occurrence of the ESD event. The system includes a driver circuit that, responsive to receiving the alert signal, outputs an enable signal, and a cascaded switch. The cascaded switch includes first and second gates disposed upon a channel located between a drain of the cascaded switch coupled to a first power supply rail and a source of the cascaded switch coupled to a second power supply rail. Each of the two gates receives the enable signal and, responsive to the enable signal, the cascaded switch closes to establish a coupling between the first power supply rail and the second power supply rail.
US08194369B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit A semiconductor integrated circuit includes: an output pad from which an output signal is outputted; an output signal line connected with the output pad; a first pad configured to function as a ground terminal or a power supply terminal; a first wiring connected with the first pad; an output driver connected with the output pad and configured to generate the output signal; an ESD protection device connected with the output signal line and having a function to discharge surge applied to the output pad; and a first trigger MOS transistor used as a trigger device. The output driver includes: a first protection target device connected between the output signal line and the first interconnection; and a first resistance element connected between the first protection target device and the first interconnection. The first trigger MOS transistor configured to detect a voltage generated in the first resistance element by a gate of the first trigger MOS transistor and to allow the ESD protection device operate in response to the detected voltage.
US08194364B2	Magnetoresistive effect element in CPP-type structure including ferromagnetic layer configured with CoFe system alloy and magnetic disk device therewith In an MR element of the present invention, an effect of an extremely-high MR ratio is obtained since a crystal structure of a CoFe magnetic layer in the vicinity of an interface with a spacer layer is formed as a close packed structure, such as an hcp structure and an fcc structure, and a total existing ratio of these crystal structures is 25% or more by an area ratio.
US08194360B2	Domain control in bottom shield of MR sensor A shield for a read element of a magnetic recording head includes a first domain with boundaries remote from the read element and stabilized with a patterned bias element. The patterned bias element comprises a topographical pattern of grooves formed on the shield substrate.
US08194357B2	Hard disk drive A hard disk drive (HDD) includes a base including a voice coil motor (VCM) which drives an actuator, a cover combined with an upper surface of the base, and a magnetic leakage flux reducer adjacent to the VCM to reduce a magnetic leakage flux leaked from the VCM. Therefore, the HDD includes a simple structure to be made light and reduces the magnetic leakage flux which affects the VCM.
US08194355B1	Head stack assembly with a laminated flexure having a snap-through feature A novel head stack assembly (HSA) includes a flex cable with a first side and an opposing second side, and having a hole therethrough. The HSA also includes a head gimbal assembly (HGA) having a load beam, a laminated flexure attached to the load beam, and a head attached to the laminated flexure. The laminated flexure includes a flexure tail with a snap-through feature. The snap-through feature has a plurality of windows in the flexure tail, a snap-through feature central portion that is centric to the plurality of windows, and a plurality of lobes. Each lobe extends out from the snap-through feature central portion radially into one of the plurality of windows. The laminated flexure overlies and contacts the flex cable on its first side, but the snap-through feature is disposed through the hole so that each of the plurality of lobes contacts the flex cable on its second side.
US08194342B2	Equalizer computation in a media system using a data set separator sequence An equalizer coefficients generator receives a DSS sequence and a DSS readback sequence, which is a function of a channel processing of the DSS sequence by a read channel. The generator generates a coefficient cyclic equalizer vector as a function of the DSS sequence and the DSS readback sequence. The generator further generates an error signal as a function of a comparison of the DSS sequence and an equalization of the DSS readback sequence based on the coefficient cyclic equalizer vector. An unacceptable error signal indicates a need to adjust the coefficient cyclic equalizer vector to yield an acceptable comparison of the DSS sequence and an equalization of the DSS readback sequence based on the coefficient cyclic equalizer vector.
US08194341B1	Disk drive seeding data path protection with system data seed A disk drive is disclosed comprising a head actuated over a disk comprising a plurality of data sectors. A redundancy generator is loaded with a first seed value corresponding to system data generated internal to the disk drive. First data path redundancy symbols are generated in response to the first seed value, and the system data and the first data path redundancy symbols are written to a first data sector. A syndrome generator is loaded with the first seed value to generate first syndromes when reading the system data and first data path redundancy symbols from the first data sector. The validity of the system data is verified in response to the first syndromes.
US08194334B2	Image capture lens modules and image capture systems Image capture lens modules are presented. An image capture lens module includes a first compound lens with a first element and a second element arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side. The second element is a plano-convex lens with a convex surface facing the image side on a paraxial line. A second compound lens includes a third element, a fourth element, and a fifth element arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side. The third element is a plano-convex lens with a convex surface facing the object side on a paraxial line, and the fifth element is a plano-concave lens with a concave surface facing the image side on a paraxial line. A third compound lens includes a sixth element and a seventh element arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side, wherein the sixth element is a plano-convex lens with a convex surface facing the object side on a paraxial line.
US08194327B2	Optical component and method for producing the same This is to shed light on a glass composition suitable for a thin lens, and provide a lens (an optical component) manufactured with using the glass. A concave lens as an optical component is made of glass containing 12 to 16% of B2O3, 35 to 44% of La2O3, and 3 to 8% of ZnO, expressed as wt %. The concave lens has a thickness t1 in its center portion of 0.5 mm or less, and a ratio (W/t1) of an external diameter W with respect to the thickness t1 of 24 or more. The concave lens can be produced suitably by press forming.
US08194322B2	Multilayer-film reflective mirror, exposure apparatus, device manufacturing method, and manufacturing method of multilayer-film reflective mirror Multilayer-film reflective mirrors are disclosed. An exemplary such mirror has a base and a multilayer film formed on the base. The multilayer film includes multiple layer pairs. Each layer pair includes a respective first layer and a respective second layer, wherein the first and second layers are laminated together in an alternating manner. The multilayer film has first and second regions that reflect extreme ultraviolet light. A first group of layers is disposed in the first and second regions and has a first periodic length. A second group disposed in the first region has a second periodic length different from the first periodic length, and a third group disposed in the second region has a substantially same periodic length as the first periodic length.
US08194318B2	Telescope optical system A telescope optical system TL comprising, in order from an object side: an objective lens 1; an erecting prism 2; and an eyepiece 3; the objective lens 1 comprising, in order from the object side, a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having negative refractive power, and a third lens group G3 having positive refractive power, focusing being carried out by moving the second lens group G2 along an optical axis, and an image position being movable by moving the third lens group G3 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thereby providing a telescope optical system having optimum optical performance for a telescope.
US08194315B2	Polarization preserving projection screen with engineered particle and method for making same Polarization preserving projection screens provide optimum polarization preservation for 3D viewing. The projection screens additionally provide improved light control for enhanced brightness, uniformity, and contrast for both 2D and 3D systems. Generally, the disclosed method for providing a projection screen comprises embossing at least a first side of a first substrate to produce an optically functional material and then cutting the optically functional material into pieces to produce a plurality of engineered particles. The plurality of engineered particles may then be deposited on a second substrate to produce a substantially homogeneous optical appearance of the projection screen.
US08194313B2	Microscope and lamphouse A microscope includes an illuminating unit that includes an excitation light source emitting an excitation light, and a phosphor receiving the excitation light and emitting illumination light in a specific wavelength range. The illuminating unit illuminates a specimen with the illumination light. The microscope also includes an observation unit for observing the specimen illuminated by the illuminating unit.
US08194309B2	Optical amplifier using delayed phase matching fiber The present invention has an object to provide an optical amplifier capable of realizing a good response characteristic in a wide frequency band, even when a population inversion state is formed by a pumping light supplied to an optical amplification medium and an ASE light generated in the optical amplification medium. To this end, in the optical amplifier according to the present invention, a delayed phase matching fiber in which a first fiber whose response speed is relatively low is arranged on the input side and a second fiber whose response speed is relatively high is arranged on the output side, is used as the optical amplification medium doped with a rare-earth element.
US08194306B2	Variable- beamwidth angle encoding laser scanner A laser apparatus includes a laser capable of generating a laser signal; structure for conditioning the laser signal; and structure for varying the beamwidth of the laser signal as it is scanned into the field of view.
US08194303B2	Optical image modulator, optical apparatus including the same, and methods of manufacturing and operating the optical image modulator Disclosed are an optical image modulator, an optical apparatus including the same, and methods of manufacturing and operating the optical image modulator. The optical image modulator includes a light amount increasing unit increasing the amount of forward light emission of an electric-optical unit. The light amount increasing unit includes a first reflector reflecting light, which travels from the inside of the electric-optical unit toward the optical-electric unit, to the electric-optical unit. The light amount increasing unit may further include a second light reflector reflecting light, which passes through the optical-electric unit without optical-electric conversion, to the optical-electric unit.
US08194288B2	Adjusting the neutral behavior of a color marking device What is disclosed is a novel system and method for adjusting the gray balance of a multifunction color marking device in order to change the device's neutral behavior to a desired level of acceptability. The gray balance aim curve is specified by: L, L(aim), a(aim) and b(aim), where L(aim)=f1(L), a(aim)=f2(L), and b(aim)=f3(L). After receiving the user-modified gray balance aim curve, the target color device constructs a 3-D N×N×N Lab* to Lab* pre-LUT to reflect the neutral aim change by transforming a neutral axis input of L, a=0 and b=0 to L(aim), a(aim) and b(aim). Colors further away from the neutral axis are shifted by a lesser amount. The pre-LUT is then concatenated with the current color LUT to produce an updated color LUT which is applied to the device to achieve the desired neutral behavior. The gray balance aim curve can also be based upon a pre-determined user preference.
US08194282B2	Image forming apparatus for identifying undesirable toner placement A method and apparatus for printing data on a print medium is disclosed. The apparatus is configured to format print data to pixel data, the pixel data including pixel values; identify a grid of pixels having a predetermined pattern of pixel values; obtain predetermined pcode grid from memory for the identified grid of pixels; and send the predetermined pcode grid to controller circuit for printing.
US08194278B2	Image forming apparatus to select alternate image information and control method thereof An image forming apparatus and a control method thereof that outputs an image of currency wherein a portion of the image of the currency is replaced with another image such that the counterfeiting of currency is prevented, the method including: determining whether a printing object is currency; selecting an alternate image corresponding to identification information of the currency if the printing object is the currency; and printing the selected alternate image information.
US08194271B2	Apparatus and method for gradation drawing based on 1-line image An image processing apparatus which generates intermediate codes by dividing a drawing image into prescribed bands extending in one direction, develops the intermediate codes into a bit image is provided with an expanded image judging unit which judges whether an image to be drawn is an expanded image of a 1-line source image; an image expansion direction judging unit which judges whether an expansion direction of the expanded image is parallel with the band extending direction when the expanded image judging unit judges that the image is the expanded image of the 1-line source image; a drawing data processing unit which converts the expanded image of the 1-line source image into vectors which are a series of rectangular regions of same-color pixels that are arranged continuously when the image expansion direction judging unit judges that the expansion direction of the expanded image is parallel with the band extending direction.
US08194263B2	Technique to process a tint block image for restraining a material printed by a printing apparatus from being copied In an information processing apparatus, a first display screen is displayed to allow for specifying whether to form a copy-forgery-inhibited unit pattern or an array of copy-forgery-inhibited unit patterns, and a second display screen is displayed to allow for specifying a position at which to form the copy-forgery-inhibited unit pattern by selecting the position from a plurality of candidates.
US08194256B2	Image forming apparatus and image forming system for managing a plurality of trays An image forming apparatus is supplied capable of feeding paper or ejecting paper to position which is desired by user. In the image forming apparatus which has medium accommodating sections, a first storing section stores accommodating section selection data correspondence information in which first medium accommodating section selection data assigned to other image forming apparatus corresponds to second medium accommodating section selection data assigned to the image forming apparatus serving as self apparatus; a receiving section receives the first medium accommodating section selection data and image data from an upper apparatus; a correcting section corrects the first medium accommodating section selection data received from the upper apparatus into second medium accommodating section selection data on the basis of the accommodating section selection data correspondence information stored in the first storing section; and a selecting section selects medium accommodating section on the basis of the second medium accommodating section selection data obtained by the correcting section.
US08194251B2	Method for operating a dual beam chromatic point sensor system for simultaneously measuring two surface regions A system and method provide a dual beam chromatic point sensor (CPS) system operable to simultaneously measure two surface regions. In one embodiment, a single beam CPS optical pen may have a dual beam assembly attached. First and second measurement beams of the system may be positioned on respective first and second surface regions, and both reflect light through a confocal aperture of the dual beam CPS. At least one set of measurements is determined, comprising a first and second measurement arising from the first and second measurement beams, respectively. At least the first surface region may be moved to acquire sets of measurements at various positions. Each measurement may be determined with extremely fine resolution (e.g., at least as fine as 10 nm). The system and method satisfy applications that require such resolution and accuracy without the use of an interferometer or other costly and complex elements.
US08194249B2	Gas analyzer A gas analyzer is disclosed herein. The gas analyzer includes a light source for transmitting a radiation and a sampling chamber having a first opening for receiving a gas sample, a second opening for removing the gas sample, at least one optical window towards the radiation allowing the radiation to traverse the gas sample and also having a first wall and a second wall opposite to the first wall, the first wall and second wall edging the sampling chamber to guide the gas sample from the first opening to the second opening. The gas analyzer also includes at least one detector for receiving the radiation after traversing the gas sample. The first wall and the second wall of the sampling chamber is curved and at a predetermined distance from each other, an overall shape of the second wall being mostly similar to the first wall.
US08194248B2	Alignment optimization for optical packages Methods of optimizing optical alignment in an optical package are provided. In one embodiment, the optical package includes a laser diode, a wavelength conversion device, coupling optics positioned along an optical path extending from the laser diode to the wavelength conversion device, and one or more adaptive actuators. The method involves adjusting the optical alignment of the wavelength conversion device in a non-adaptive degree of freedom by referring to a thermally-dependent output intensity profile of the laser diode and a thermally-dependent coupling efficiency profile of the optical package. The adjustment in the non-adaptive degree of freedom is quantified such that, over a given operating temperature range of the optical package, portions of the coupling efficiency profile characterized by relatively low coupling efficiency offset portions of the output intensity profile characterized by relatively high laser output intensity and portions of the coupling efficiency profile characterized by relatively high coupling efficiency offset portions of the output intensity profile characterized by relatively low laser output intensity. Additional embodiments are disclosed and claimed.
US08194247B2	SHG quantification of matrix-related tissue dynamic and disease A microscope for optical imaging of high optical scattering coefficient biological tissue, comprising an optical excitation source for irradiating a scan area of the sample and generating optical emissions, wherein the sample has a first face facing away from the source and a second face facing the source. A two dimensional element for scanning the light over the sample; a focusing element having a numerical aperture NAi to focus the light onto the sample; a first optical condenser to collect light from the first face, the collected light comprising source transmitted light and first optical emission generated in the sample, the condenser having a NA2 larger than NAi; an optical filter to block the transmitted source light; an aperture with a size corresponding to the irradiated area of the sample, the aperture at the conjugate image position of the sample generated by the condenser; and an optical detector collecting light from the first face for detecting the first optical emission from the scan area.
US08194246B2	Photoacoustic microcantilevers A system generates a photoacoustic spectrum in an open or closed environment with reduced noise. A source focuses a beam on a target substance disposed on a base. The base supports a cantilever that measures acoustic waves generated as light is absorbed by the target substance. By focusing a chopped/pulsed light beam on the target substance, a range of optical absorbance may be measured as the wavelength of light changes. An identifying spectrum of the target may detected by monitoring the vibration intensity variation of the cantilever as a function of illuminating wavelength or color.
US08194244B2	Solution sample plate with wells designed for improved Raman scattering signal detection efficiency Devices, methods of using the device, systems including the device that include a sample plate with sample containers (wells), wherein at least a portion of the surface of the sample plate and/or sample containers is coated with an optical reflective material. The optical reflective material, provides enhanced excitation signal intensity and enhanced Raman signal intensity. Such enhancement provides improved total signal detection capabilities, and methods of improved focusing algorithms.
US08194236B2	Sheet identifying device A sheet identifying device includes a reader for reading a sheet in a plurality of pixels, a respective one of which includes color information having a brightness, a predetermined size of which is defined as one unit. The sheet identifying device also includes a storage section for storing image data made up of the plurality of pixels read by the reader. Further, the sheet identifying device includes an increasing/decreasing section that increases/decreases a number of pixels in the image data. In addition, the sheet identifying device includes a sheet identifying section that identifies an authentication of the sheet, based upon the image data having the number of pixels increased/decreased by the increasing/decreasing section. The sheet identifying device further includes a variable wavelength light-emitting section which is capable of irradiating a print area of the sheet with light beams having different wavelengths.
US08194231B2	Lithographic apparatus and method A lithographic apparatus includes an illumination system configured to condition a beam of radiation, a support structure configured to hold a reticle, a substrate table configured to hold a substrate, and a projection system configured to project a beam onto the substrate table. The numerical aperture of the illumination system is larger than the numerical aperture of the projection system. The apparatus also includes a radiation redirection device configured to re-direct σ>1 components of the beam of radiation to within the numerical aperture of the projection system.
US08194228B2	Liquid crystal lens in which a voltage imparts optimal first-stage optical properties to the liquid crystal lens by influencing a liquid crystal layer The focal distance can be greatly changed by performing an electrical control in an optical element. The optical element comprises a first substrate having a first electrode, a second substrate, a second electrode arranged outside the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and constituted by liquid crystal molecules oriented. A first voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, whereby the optical element operates. A third electrode is provided on an insulating layer and outside the second electrode. A second voltage independent of the first voltage is applied to the third electrode, thereby changing the optical properties.
US08194223B2	Display panel, display apparatus having the same, and method thereof A display panel includes a source-pad portion, a first source fan-out portion and source lines. The source-pad portion has a group of pads to which a driving signal is applied from an external source. The source fan-out portion has output lines that are extended from the group of pads and are formed to have an asymmetric structure. The source lines are extended from the output lines, and pixels of different colors are connected to each of the source lines. Accordingly, a unit pixel portion is formed to be perpendicular to each other and a fan-out portion is formed to have the asymmetric structure, so that a size of a printed circuit board is remarkably decreased. Thus, costs for manufacturing a display apparatus may be decreased.
US08194217B2	Electro-optical apparatus and electronic device having particular pixel configuration An electro-optical apparatus includes a pixel section, a dummy pixel section and a peripheral electrode. The peripheral electrode configured to be formed in an area surrounding the dummy pixel section. A voltage supplying section configured to supply the peripheral electrode and an opposing electrode with voltages of substantially the same level, respectively.
US08194199B2	Liquid crystal display device having a ratio of liquid crystal capacitances equal to a ratio of parasitic capacitances A pixel includes a first subpixel and a second subpixel. The first subpixel includes a first switching element connected to a first gate line and a data line, a first liquid crystal capacitor connected to the first switching element, and a first storage capacitor connected to the first switching element. The second subpixel includes a second switching element connected to a second gate line and the data line, a second liquid crystal capacitor connected to the second switching element, and a second storage capacitor connected to the second switching element. At least one of a ratio of capacitances between a first parasitic capacitor formed in the first switching element and a second parasitic capacitor formed in the second switching element and a ratio of capacitances between the first storage capacitor and a second storage capacitor is determined based on a ratio of the first liquid crystal capacitor and the second liquid crystal capacitor.
US08194198B2	Liquid crystal panel having notches for repair A liquid crystal panel of the present disclosure includes a first common electrode defining a plurality of first common electrode portions, a plurality of second common electrode portions connected to the first common electrode, and a plurality of pixel electrodes. Each pixel electrode overlaps one of the first common electrode portions and a corresponding one of the second common electrode portions, thereby forming storage capacitors therebetween. Each second common electrode portion defines a first notch adjacent to the pixel electrode. There is no overlap between the pixel electrode and the second common electrode portion at the first notch.
US08194197B2	Integrated display and photovoltaic element A display device includes a first layer having an optically active display portion, a second layer including a photovoltaic element, and a third layer including electronics operatively coupled to the first layer, wherein the electronics are configured to drive the optically active display portion. Further, the second layer is arranged between the first and third layers.
US08194192B2	Projection display A projection display uses a light modulating device to modulate, in accordance with image data, light radiated from a light source, project the modulated light onto a screen, and display an image. The projection display separates a unit of time configuring the image data into an effective light time when the light modulating device can express the light as an image on the screen and an ineffective light time when the light modulating device cannot express the light as an image on the screen. The projection display increases the power supplied to the light source during the effective light time over the power supplied to the light source during the ineffective light time.
US08194191B2	Graphically based programming for control devices A method for programming a control device. The method for programming the control device may include using a graphical programming interface. The graphical programming interface may direct a user through the programming process with text and graphics. The graphical programming interface may provide a control device image that corresponds to the physical control device that is being programmed. The graphical programming interface may graphically verify to a user whether a button was successfully programmed. Additionally, the graphical programming interface may illustrate the correct positioning of one control device to another control device while programming.
US08194189B2	Method and device for protecting displays from burn-in effect The invention concerns a device and a method for protecting display time. The image processing method according to the invention comprises a step of shifting pictures by a pattern at a pixel shift frequency characterized in that the frequency is changed for a group of at least one picture depending on a motion degree of the group.
US08194179B2	Electronic immediate imaging system and method The invention discloses an electronic immediate imaging system. The electronic immediate imaging system includes an image capturing module and a display module. The image capturing module includes an image capturing/processing unit, a multiplexer, and an image converting/transmitting unit. The image capturing/processing unit is used for capturing an image to generate a first image signal related to the image. The multiplexer is coupled to the image capturing/processing unit and for receiving and converting the first image signal to a second image signal. The image converting/transmitting unit, coupled to the multiplexer, is for converting the second image signal to a third image signal and transmitting the third image signal out. The display module includes a first image receiver and a display unit. The first image receiver is coupled to the image converting/transmitting unit and for receiving the third image signal. The display unit is used for displaying the image according to the third image signal.
US08194172B2	Optical imaging lens assembly The present invention provides an optical imaging lens assembly comprising, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface; a second lens element with negative refractive power having a concave object-side surface; and a third lens element with negative refractive power having a concave image-side surface, at least one of the object-side and image-side surfaces thereof being aspheric. With the aforementioned arrangement of lens elements, the total track length of the optical imaging lens assembly can be effectively reduced, the sensitivity of the optical system can be attenuated, a large field of view can be achieved and the image quality can be improved.
US08194171B2	Apparatus for optically combining visible images with far-infrared images An image sensing apparatus, particularly, an apparatus for optically combining visible images with far-infrared images is provided in which performing a separate signal processing may not be needed. The image combining apparatus emits light that is sensed by an image sensor, and reflects the light toward the image sensor in response to far-infrared rays being sensed from an object, thereby converting far-infrared information into information that can be sensed by the image sensor.
US08194159B2	System and method for lens shading correction of an image sensor using splines An image sensing system provides for accurate lens shading correction even when there is significant lens shading asymmetry and non-uniformity. A two-dimensional B-spline technique is used to determine lens shading correction surfaces. The number of zones is selected to achieve accurate correction of center, edge, and corner regions of an image. Separate lens shading correction surfaces are calculated for a set of standard illuminants to permit lens shading correction to be adapted based on the illuminant used to capture the image.
US08194154B2	Portable video magnifying apparatus Disclosed is a portable video magnifying apparatus. The video magnifying apparatus of the present invention comprises a main frame; a short distance image detecting part which is pivotably disposed at the main frame so as to allow proximity photographing with respect to a subject on a right under surface of the short distance image detecting part or therearound; a long distance image detecting part which is provided with a long distance photographing lens for photographing a long distance subject and which is disposed at the main frame; and a display part which outputs one out of the short distance image, the long distance image and an image input through an external portion, which is selected by a user. Therefore, it is possible to help the weak-sighted or aged person.
US08194141B2	Method and apparatus for producing sharp frames with less blur A method and apparatus motion triggered image stabilization. The method includes computing projection vector for at least a portion of a frame of an image using horizontal and vertical sums, performing motion estimation utilizing projection vector with the shift of the projection vector from a previous frame, performing temporal IIR filter on the motion vector, calculating the maximum horizontal and vertical motion vectors, obtaining exposure time based on the horizontal and vertical motion vectors and the gain, returning the exposure time and the gain to the auto-exposure, utilizing the returned exposure time and gain, and producing a frame with less motion blur.
US08194137B2	Image frame transmission method for data overrun control An image frame transmission method for use in a network transmission system is provided. The network transmission system includes an image sensor and an image processor. Firstly, a first image data segment of an image frame captured by the image sensor is outputted to the image processor in response to a first state of a control signal after an initial signal has been asserted by the image processor. Then, the output of a second image data segment of the image frame following the first image data segment to the image processor is delayed in response to the transition of the control signal from the first state to a second state. Afterward, the second image data segment is outputted to the image processor in response to the transition of the control signal from the second state to the first second state.
US08194135B2	Rendering unobstructed views in a gaming environment A system and method for rendering unobstructed views in a gaming environment are provided. The system includes a memory for storing a camera navigation/control model, a central processing unit for executing the camera navigation/control model to provide unobstructed and non-disorienting target character views, and a graphics processing unit configured to render the unobstructed views of the target in an image for display. In addition, the camera navigation/control model includes an object detection model, line-of-sight restoration models to restore a line-of-sight view of an obstructed target, and a camera navigation path model. A line-of-sight restoration method is used to move the camera to provide an unobstructed view of the target.
US08194132B2	System for monitoring an area adjacent a vehicle A backup camera system for monitoring an area around a vehicle. In one aspect, the system comprises a camera assembly, a display device and a stand for supporting the display device; the camera assembly comprising: (i) a camera adapted to produce an image signal corresponding to a perceived image, (ii) means for supplying power; (iii) a base having first and second holes that are configured and spaced from one another so as to facilitate attachment to the vehicle using the vehicle's license plate mounting bolts, (iv) a transmitter operably coupled to the camera for wirelessly transmitting the image signal; and the display device comprising: (i) a receiver for receiving the wirelessly transmitted image signal, (ii) means for supplying power, (iii) an image processing unit operably coupled to the receiver for converting the received image signal into a display image that is displayed on the display device, the display image corresponding to the perceived image. The backup camera system can form a retrofit kit.
US08194131B2	Device for capturing the silhouette of an individual A device for capturing a silhouette consisting of a transparent wall, a vision device to capture at least one image of the wall and a processing unit connected to the vision device which analyses the captured images and detects the silhouette of the individual passing between the transparent wall and the vision device. More than one pattern is positioned on the transparent wall and the patterns exhibit a contrast with the transparent wall.
US08194129B2	Weight monitoring system for scrap and recycled materials A scrap metal recycling monitoring system, wherein a container, identified and of a known tare weight is associated with a scale while scrap metal is placed therein. The scale continuously monitors the weight of the container, and can be polled, or automatically produces an auditable data stream revealing the change in weight of the container over time as it is associated with the scale. A camera records the container while it is on the scale and also produces auditable image data. As containers near capacity, a notice is automatically generated to coordinate dispatch activities of persons transporting containers.
US08194112B2	Line head and image forming apparatus An image forming apparatus includes a latent image carrier on which a latent image is formed; and a line head. The line head includes light-emitting elements arranged in a first direction; an aperture diaphragm; and an optical system that images light emitted from the light-emitting elements on a latent image carrier. The aperture diaphragm and the optical system are arranged in a second direction that is orthogonal to or substantially orthogonal to the first direction; and among the lenses included in the optical system, a lens located at the position closest to the aperture diaphragm is a multifocal lens.
US08194111B2	Light-emitting element head, light-emitting element chip, image forming apparatus and signal supply method The light-emitting element head is provided with: plural light-emitting element chips in each of which light-emitting elements are arrayed in a line; a lighting signal supply unit supplying lighting signals for setting whether or not the light-emitting elements emit light, each of the lighting signals being provided in common to the light-emitting element chips that belong to one of N groups into which the plural light-emitting element chips are divided, where N is an integer of 2 or more; and a clock signal supply unit supplying a first clock signal as a transfer signal for causing the light-emitting elements to sequentially emit light, and second clock signals for setting the light-emitting elements ready to emit light, the second clock signals being different from one another, being supplied to the respective light-emitting element chips belonging to the one of the N groups, and being supplied in common across the N groups.
US08194110B2	Image recording apparatus for recording an image on an image recording medium In an image recording apparatus using an image recording medium which generates a gas when irradiated with a light beam, the gas and the like are prevented from drifting into a space between the image recording medium and a drum, and thus contamination of the back surface of the image recording medium is prevented. The gas is effectively prevented from drifting to the back surface of a plate P by setting a relative positional relationship of an extending direction of each suction groove L, an attaching position of the plate P, and an air blowing direction so that unclosed regions, not closed by the plate P, of suction grooves L formed in a drum surface do not occur downstream in a gas moving direction.
US08194109B2	Optical disk image forming method, optical disk image forming apparatus, and computer readable recording medium storing optical disk image forming program Before a host computer transmits image forming data to a CD-R drive, the CD-R drive transmits information of an image forming condition preset in the CD-R drive to the computer. The host computer generates, based on stored original image data, image forming data adapted to the image forming condition on the basis of the information of the image forming condition and transmits the generated image forming data to the CD-R drive. The CD-R drive forms a visual image according to the preset image forming condition on the basis of the transmitted image forming data.
US08194101B1	Dynamic perspective video window Systems and methods are disclosed for generating an image for a user based on an image captured by a scene-facing camera or detector. The user's position relative to a component of the system is determined, and the image captured by the scene-facing detector is modified based on the user's position. The resulting image represents the scene as seen from the perspective of the user. The resulting image may be further modified by augmenting the image with additional images, graphics, or other data.
US08194093B2	Apparatus and method for capturing the expression of a performer A method is described comprising: applying a series of curves on specified regions of a performer's face; tracking the movement of the series of curves during a motion capture session; and generating motion data representing the movement of the performer's face using the tracked movement of the series of curves.
US08194091B2	Portable display devices and programs A portable display device transitions between a first and second state. The device has a display portion, a power source for supplying power in the first state and supplying less power in the second state than in the first state, a controller that drives the display portion, an operation portion that executes commands, and a mode storage portion that stores one of a first and second mode. The first mode corresponds to displaying preset information, and the second mode corresponds to particular information to be continuously displayed. The particular information is information displayed in the display portion when the device is in the first state. When the device is in the second state, the preset information is displayed in the display portion when the first mode is stored in the mode storage portion, and the particular information is continuously displayed when the second mode is stored in the mode storage portion.
US08194086B2	Memory system and method for improved utilization of read and write bandwidth of a graphics processing system A system and method for processing graphics data which requires less read and write bandwidth. The graphics processing system includes an embedded memory array having at least three separate banks of single-ported memory in which graphics data are stored. A memory controller coupled to the banks of memory writes post-processed data to a first bank of memory while reading data from a second bank of memory. A synchronous graphics processing pipeline processes the data read from the second bank of memory and provides the post-processed graphics data to the memory controller to be written back to a bank of memory. The processing pipeline concurrently processes an amount of graphics data at least equal to that included in a page of memory. A third bank of memory is precharged concurrently with writing data to the first bank and reading data from the second bank in preparation for access when reading data from the second bank of memory is completed.
US08194085B2	Apparatus, system, and method for graphics memory hub A memory hub permits a graphics processor to access random access memories, such as dynamic random access memories (DRAMs). In one implementation, the memory hub permits an increase in effective memory bandwidth by aggregating the memory of two or more memories. In another implementation, the memory hub permits a graphics processor to offload memory access interfacing operations to the memory hub.
US08194077B2	Adaptive grand tour A system and method of generating a dynamic visualization of a multi-dimensional dataset of data-points are disclosed. The method is an adaptation of the Grand Tour approach, but instead of using all possible projections comprising at least one data point, some of which may not be useful, the method includes generating a set of candidate projections from the space of all possible projections. The set of candidate projections is approximated with a one dimensional smoothed curve and the dynamic visualization is generated, based on a sequence of projections taken along the smoothed curve.
US08194075B2	Method and system for generating and displaying an interactive dynamic list view of multiply connected objects A method and system for generating views of data on a user interface in a computing environment, is provided. One implementation involves: at a server, generating coordinate data for a graph representing multiply connected objects; transmitting the coordinate data to a client as lightweight object data; at the client, based on the lightweight object data, rendering an interactive dynamic graph view of the multiply connected objects on a user interface; at the client, based on the lightweight object data, rendering an interactive dynamic list view of the multiply connected objects on a user interface; and synchronizing the list view and the graph view. The order of objects in the list view reflects the order of objects in the graph view per a breadth-first traversal starting at a root object.
US08194070B2	System and method of converting edge record based graphics to polygon based graphics A method and graphics converter for converting edge record based graphics to polygon based graphics is provided. In accordance with one embodiment, there is provided a method for converting graphic object data that defines a graphic object for delivery to wireless devices connected to a wireless communications network, the method comprising: converting the graphic object data from a path format to a second format, the path format including path elements that are each associated with a fill style and define one or more polygon shapes at least partially filled with the associated fill style, the path elements collectively defining the graphic object; converting the graphic object data from the path format to a second format, the converting including: redefining the polygon shapes defined by the path elements as groups of triangles; and combining at least some triangles in the groups of triangles into further polygon shapes that fall within complexity thresholds based on predetermined capabilities of a wireless device to which the converted graphic object data will be delivered.
US08194066B2	Cross-sectional image display apparatus, cross-sectional image display method, and computer readable recording medium storing cross-sectional image display program A cross-sectional image display apparatus, method, and program is capable of setting cross-sectional positions consecutively and efficiently. 3D image data is stored in a PC, a two-dimensional image of the 3D image is presented at a position detection surface of a tablet, the three-dimensional image is virtually constructed in a space above the position detection surface to have dimensions corresponding to the two-dimensional image and to be located at a position corresponding to the two-dimensional image. A plate-like display device designates the cross-sectional position at which the cross-sectional image is to be displayed in the constructed 3D image, the tablet detects the designated cross-sectional position, the PC converts the detected cross-sectional position into a cross-sectional position in a coordinate system of the 3D image and creates cross-sectional image data, and the display device uses the cross-sectional image data to display the cross-sectional image.
US08194061B2	Process and system of power saving lighting A process and system of lighting with green energy source and intelligent power management, which saves energy consuming and limits pollution. The system is using solar power, green battery, and LED which are clean, long life; save, and energy saving. A microcontroller coordinates devices and sensors to optimize the operation of the system to generate illumination. The process includes the steps of sensing the environment, selecting power source, determining the energy output and driving the light device in order to most efficiently using energy and generate sufficient light for different purposes.
US08194058B2	Method of driving liquid crystal polarization switch A method of driving a polarization switch is provided. First viewing point images and second viewing point images are alternately displayed in a time-divisional method. A voltage is applied to the polarization switch during an activation period, and no voltage or a bias voltage is applied to the polarization switch during a relaxation period. The activation period is shorter than the relaxation period, and the bias voltage is smaller than the applied voltage.
US08194054B2	Large screen information interactive system and method of use A large screen information interactive system and method are disclosed, including a computer 3, a projector 4, a pointer equipment 2, and an interactive whiteboard 1 including at least one display panel 6 on the same plane and at least one electronic writing board 5 used for sensing and receiving an operational signal of the pointer equipment 2. The at least one electronic writing board 5 is connected with the computer 3 through a serial port, a USB port, a wireless communication module, or a bluetooth module. The signal of the pointer equipment 2 collected from the electronic writing board 5 is processed by the computer 3. A processed displayed image is projected onto the interactive whiteboard 1 by the projector 4. When one point on the electronic writing board 5 is written, position and state information signals of the written point are transferred to the computer for converting, and the data is processed according to display attributes and operational commands. A whiteboard coordinate is converted into a screen coordinate corresponding to a display. A state of the pointer equipment 2 is converted into a mouse state, so as to updating the screen data. Screen signals are projected onto the interactive whiteboard 1 by the projector 4. Therefore, display and writing problems with an ultra-large screen are resolved, extending the application scope of the interactive whiteboard.
US08194053B2	Touch panel including nanowire A touch panel may include a plurality of piezoelectric nanowires between a plurality of first transparent electrodes and plurality second transparent electrodes that cross each other; an ultrasonic wave generator configured to generate ultrasonic waves from the piezoelectric nanowires; and at least one ultrasonic wave echo sensor configured to detect ultrasonic waves that are generated from the plurality of piezoelectric nanowires and return to the plurality of piezoelectric nanowires after colliding with an object approaching the plurality of piezoelectric nanowires.
US08194046B2	Method and system for measuring position on surface capacitance touch panel using a flying capacitor A touch panel having a substantially even coating of a conductive material on a non-conductive substrate and then covering the conductive material with a dielectric material, wherein a novel current measuring circuit reduces the effect of stray capacitance on the accuracy of a current measurement so that the relative X and Y position of an object on the touch panel can be determined using simple ratio equations.
US08194038B1	Multi-directional remote control system and method with automatic cursor speed control A multi-directional remote control system and method is adapted for use with an entertainment system of a type including a display such as a monitor or TV and having display functions employing a mouse type control. The remote controller may be conveniently held in one hand of a user and still provides full mouse type functionality. The remote control system and method images the controller to detect relative motion between the controller and screen. This position information is used for control of a cursor or other GUI interface with automatic control of cursor speed based on detected controller distance from the screen and characteristic hand movement.
US08194032B2	Image display medium, preparation method thereof An image display medium is disclosed, which medium includes a pair of substrates each having an electrode and colored particles between the pair of substrates, and the colored particles have an absolute electric charge of 0.5 to 4.0 μC/g.
US08194023B2	Switch unit in a driving circuit of flat panel display and driving method thereof A driving circuit of a flat panel display can transfer a signal input from a decoder to a corresponding channel while minimizing a size of a MOS transistor for a switch or an amplification driver. The driving circuit of the flat panel display includes a first data signal processing unit for converting a first display information that will be displayed on the flat panel display into a positive gamma value, a second data signal processing unit for converting a second display information that will be displayed on the flat panel display into a negative gamma value, an output driving unit for outputting the negative and positive gamma values to the flat panel display, and a switch unit for selectively transferring the positive and negative gamma values to the output driving unit.
US08194021B2	Display apparatus, pixel structure and driving method thereof A display apparatus, pixel structure and drive method thereof are provided. The display apparatus comprises a gate drive chip, a first gate line, a second gate line, a first pixel unit, and a second pixel unit. The gate driver is configured to generate a first gate drive signal and a second gate drive signal. The first and second gate drive signals are outputted to the first and second gate lines, respectively. Furthermore, the first and second gate drive signals are configured to adjust a first feed through (FT) voltage generated by a first pixel area of the first pixel unit, a second FT voltage generated by a second pixel area of the first pixel unit, a third FT voltage generated by a third pixel area of the second pixel unit, and a fourth FT voltage generated by a fourth pixel area of the second pixel unit.
US08194019B2	Color signal converter, display unit, color signal conversion program, computer-readable storage medium storing color signal conversion program, and color signal conversion method A color conversion circuit converts a three-primary-color signal PS0 to a 5-color signal PS5, and includes (i) a color component extraction module that generates, by performing isochromatic conversion, a 7-color signal PS2 made up of 7 color components equivalent in terms of color to color components d1 through d5 of the 5-color signal PS5, and (ii) a matrix operation module that generates color components of the 5-color signal by performing linear combination of the color components of the 7-color signal. With this, it is possible to realize a color conversion circuit by which colors represented by a signal after conversion can be adjusted using intuitively-understandable parameters.
US08194015B1	Reduction of the effect of AVDD power supply variation on gamma reference voltages and the ability to compensate for manufacturing variations The invention relates to an apparatus for electronic display comprising means for generating liquid-crystal-display (LCD) input signals, a LCD panel operable to display a color image according to the LCD input signals, a circuit operable to generate a plurality of sets of gamma correction values for gamma correction of the LCD input signals, and means for eliminating dependency of the plurality of sets of gamma correction values on a supply voltage (AVDD) of the circuit.
US08194010B2	Organic light emitting display device and method of driving the same An organic light emitting display which includes a display panel having a pixel cell formed in a region defined by gate lines and data lines perpendicularly crossing each other, a power supply which supplies current to the display panel, a scan driver which supplies a scan signal to a gate line, a data driver which supplies a data voltage to a data line, a timing controller which supplies a control signal to the scan driver and the data driver and an converted pixel data signal to the data driver, a gradation converter which converts a gradation of a pixel data signal inputted and supplies the converted pixel data signal to the timing controller, and a scale parameter generator which generates a scale parameter through the converted pixel data signal and supplies the scale parameter to the gradation converter, when the next pixel data signal is inputted to the gradation converter.
US08194007B2	Organic electro luminescense display apparatus and application thereof A technology for reducing the so-called “phosphor burn-in” phenomenon where the variation of luminance arises by reducing display luminance of a certain pixel caused by deterioration in a display apparatus constituted by an organic electro luminescence element is provided. In the display apparatus, when displaying an image acquired by an image acquiring unit, luminance substantially same as average luminance of the acquired image is set to a non-display area where the image is not displayed.
US08194006B2	Display device, driving method of the same, and electronic device comprising monitoring elements A light emitting element has a property that a luminance changes when an environment temperature changes. In view of this, the invention provides a display device which suppresses the influence of variations of a current value supplied to a light emitting element caused by a temperature change. In particular, luminance variations caused by a temperature gradient in a pixel portion due to a heat generated from a source signal line driver circuit are suppressed. In a display device including a gate signal line provided in a row direction, a source signal line provided in a column direction, and a light emitting element in a pixel portion arranged in matrix corresponding to the gate signal line and the source signal line, a column of monitor elements is provided beside the pixel portion, a constant current is supplied to each row of the monitor elements, and a voltage generated at the monitor element for each row of pixels is applied to light emitting elements of the corresponding row.
US08194002B2	Situational awareness components of an enhanced vision system A virtual sphere provided by an enhanced vision system includes synthetic imagery filling said virtual sphere and a common view window mapped to a dedicated position within the synthetic imagery. Imagery of the line of sight of a user is displayed in the common view window. By providing the common view window, visual communication between all users may be possible. By connecting a virtual user to the enhanced vision system and by displaying the imagery for the line of sight of the virtual user in the common view window, the workload of a human operator may be reduced and the time line of actions may be shortened. The enhanced vision system of the present invention may be used, but is not limited to, in a military aircraft to enhance the situational awareness of the flight crew.
US08194001B2	Mobile computer device display postures Embodiments of mobile computer device display postures are described. In embodiments, a first display is integrated in a first housing of a dual-display mobile computer device, and a second display is integrated in a second housing of the dual-display mobile computer device. Position data can be sensed from a binding that movably connects the first housing and the second housing, and a position angle can be determined between the first housing and the second housing that correlates to a display posture of the first display and the second display.
US08194000B2	Multi panel display device Disclosed is a multi panel display device comprising, at least two liquid crystal panels connected to each other at positions adjacent to each other and respectively composed of image display portions and non-display portions; and image shift films disposed above each of the liquid crystal panels with being spaced therefrom by a specific distance and connected to each other at positions adjacent to each other respectively have first and second bevels disposed to be symmetrical to each other, wherein the first and second bevels are repeatedly formed to face the display panels.
US08193998B2	Antenna contacting assembly This invention refers to an antenna contacting assembly which allows electrical connection of an antenna element to the RF module of a wireless device when very little space is available on the side of the PCB underneath the antenna element. The antenna contacting assembly provides electrical contact between a first conducting surface and a second conducting surface by engaging in traction mode said first conducting surface with said second conducting surface. Further the invention refers to an antenna system provided with such antenna contacting assembly and the corresponding wireless device with an antenna system provided with such antenna contacting assembly.
US08193986B2	Method and system for enhancing a location server reference database through round-trip time (RTT) measurements A mobile device in a cellular communication network collects three or more round-trip time (RTT) measurements for a single active cell. The collected RTT measurements are transmitted to a location server. The location server uses the transmitted RTT measurements to calculate a GNSS position of the single active cell. One or more of the transmitted RTT measurements are taken by the mobile device, and/or are collected from other mobile devices in the single active cell. The transmitted RTT measurements are collected at different GNSS fixes in the same single active cell. The mobile device location stamps the collected RTT measurements using corresponding GNSS fixes, and transmits to the location server using a NML. The location server calculates the GNSS position of the single active cell using location stamped RTT measurements in the received NMLR to refine an associated reference database periodically or aperiodically.
US08193977B1	Power line GPS data distribution Distributing data is disclosed. A GPS signal is received from one or more GPS satellites. GPS data associated with at least a portion of the GPS signal is distributed via a power line. In some cases, at least a portion of the distributed signal is used to establish a reference.
US08193957B2	Successive approximation register analog to digital converter (ADC) and method of adjusting delay thereof A successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter includes: a digital-to-analog converter that generates an analog voltage based on a digital code; a comparator that receives the analog voltage; a control circuit that generates a digital code of an input voltage sampled from an external clock signal by successively changing the digital code based on a comparison result of the comparator; a delay circuit that resets the comparator based on a signal transition generated by delaying the comparison result; and an adjustment circuit that counts a value indicating a number of the signal transition being generated during a cycle of the external clock signal and adjusts a delay of the delay circuit according to a counted value.
US08193952B2	Method and device for encoding elements It provides a method for encoding a set of elements by using components defining the structure of each of the set of elements, wherein each element comprises data structure information and at least one data value. The method comprises the steps of: selecting a current element for encoding; determining whether the current element has the same data structure information as a previously encoded element; in the negative, encoding the data structure information of the current element and the at least one data value of the current element; and in the affirmative, encoding the at least one data value of the current element and providing an indication value associated with the current element indicating the current element has the same data structure information as said previously encoded element. The method is used to reduce the encoding redundancy of the structure information.
US08193950B2	Method and system for receiving and sending navigational data via a wireless messaging service on a navigation system A system and method are provided for receiving navigational data via a wireless messaging service on a navigation system. The system and method provide a way to send requests for destination information via the wireless messaging service and capture navigational data from the responsive message received, such as addresses, telephone numbers, or email addresses, and then utilize that data for navigational routing, generation of telephone calls, emailing and the like, from the vehicle's navigation system. A wireless device can be paired with the navigation system over a Bluetooth communication link, wherein the navigation system periodically polls the wireless device for newly received messages. In one embodiment, the NAVI displays icons on a map that correspond to the extracted addresses from the messages received in relation to the vehicle's current location. The icons can be shown in a plurality of visual formats to distinguish previously viewed locations from newly received ones.
US08193945B2	System and method for remote activation using a transmitter switch array A system and method for remote activation of a device includes, in one embodiment, a user interface for selecting a command associated with the one or more vehicle functions, a controller for processing the selected command, the controller having a plurality of input ports, and a switch array including a plurality of switches corresponding to the one or more vehicle functions. The plurality of switches can be divided into a first set and a second set with the first set of switches being connected across a fixed voltage and a controller input port and the second set of switches being connected across multiple controller input ports. The at least one of the controller input ports connecting the second set of switches may be temporarily configurable to an output port for determining which of the plurality of switches has been actuated.
US08193940B2	Recognition award, personnel identification holder and/or personnel unit for attachment to hardhats, protective helmets or the like A signal device is provided for identifying and communicating a location or hazard, concealed within a housing on a hard hat having a pocket. Further provided is a detachable housing to be placed in the pocket. Embodiments incorporate a speaker for audible identification, a light emitting diode (LED) for visual identification and a global positioning sensor (GPS) for identifying the wearer's location and various circuits and systems that utilize the invention.
US08193937B2	Systems or method for tracking die use or yield According to one aspect, a system that includes an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag reader, a plurality of cutting dies, a plurality of RFID tags connectable to the corresponding cutting dies, and a controller including a computer usable program code including program instructions for scanning instruction the RFID tag reader to scan the RFID tags, updating respective piece counts corresponding to specific shapes provided by some of the plurality of cutting dies, and displaying the respective piece counts.
US08193925B2	Display device and vehicle A vehicle has a display device which widens the field of view (visible area) reflected by a side mirror or a back mirror mounted on the vehicle. To enable a driver driving the vehicle to confirm safety even when it is difficult for the driver to visually recognize some of objects surrounding the vehicle, a liquid crystal display device or an EL display device is provided in the side mirror (door mirror), the back mirror (room mirror) or in an interior portion of the vehicle. A camera is mounted on the vehicle and an image from the camera is displayed on the display device. Further, information read from a sensor (distance measuring sensor) having the function of measuring the distance to another vehicle, and a sensor (impact sensor) having the function of sensing an externally applied impact force larger than a predetermined value is displayed on the display device.
US08193916B2	RFID transmitter Embodiments of the invention relate to the field of RFID interrogators, particularly RFID interrogators that combine low loss with high rates of communication from the interrogator to a tag. Further embodiments relate to the field of active RFID tags and general radio transmitters. We describe a transmitter comprising a resonant circuit and a driver coupled to drive said resonant circuit, wherein said resonant circuit includes a resonance regeneration system such that during amplitude modulation of a resonant signal in said resonant circuit when an amplitude of said resonant signal is reduced energy from said reduction is stored and when said amplitude is increased said stored energy is used to regenerate said resonance signal.
US08193915B2	Multiple transceiver synchronous communication system A vehicle transceiver module is provided for use in a synchronous communication system including the vehicle transceiver module and one or more key fobs, each of the key fobs including a key fob transceiver for transmitting and receiving signals. The vehicle transceiver module includes transceiver circuitry, a controller, a storage device and power control circuitry. The transceiver circuitry receives the signal transmitted by the key fob transceiver and provides it to the controller. The controller is coupled to the transceiver for determining an offset value associated with one of the key fobs in response to an offset time duration between a reception time of the signal from the key fob and a first expected reception time of the signal from the key fob. The storage device is coupled to the controller for receiving the offset value associated with the key fob from the controller and stores the offset value along with information identifying the key fob. The power control circuitry is coupled to the transceiver circuitry for providing operational power thereto. In addition, the controller is also coupled to the power control circuitry and provides a begin transmission signal thereto to power up the transceiver circuitry for transmission of a signal to the key fob at a transmission start time determined by the controller in response to the offset value associated with the key fob and a second expected reception time.
US08193902B2	Remote control handset A remote control handset for intuitively navigating a user interface of an entertainment device, the user interface having a hierarchical menu structure. The remote control handset of the present invention is not required to have any buttons. The remote control handset has a first control surface, and a second control surface. The first control surface has a substantially planar portion and allows navigation with a level of the hierarchical menu structure. The second control surface has a component in an axis that is normal to the substantially planar portion of the first control surface, and is for navigating between the levels of the hierarchical menu structure.
US08193898B2	Laminated body and manufacturing method thereof A laminated body and fabrication method thereof, which allow space saving and control of variation in internal layer resistance, are provided. When forming an internal-layer resistive element 7 in a multilayer ceramic substrate 10, the internal-layer resistive element 7 is connected to exterior electrodes (an upper surface electrode 32 and an undersurface electrode 34) via multiple via-electrodes 3a and 3b arranged in parallel, without a pad electrode adopted in the conventional laminated body. Moreover, in a multilayer ceramic substrate having multiple internal-layer resistive elements arranged in a multilayer structure, multiple internal-layer resistive elements are directly connected via multiple via-electrodes arranged in parallel.
US08193893B2	Inductor having opening enclosed within conductive line and related method Embodiments of an inductor including a conductive line including at least one turn and an opening positioned within an interior of a region of the conductive line are disclosed. Embodiments of a related method of designing the inductor are also disclosed.
US08193884B2	Switching device including a moving ferromagnetic part An electrical switching device that can be employed in a sliding button, a rotating button, in a position switch, or an impact sensor. This device includes: a permanent magnet creating a magnetic field and a microswitch controlled between at least two states, by being aligned along two different orientations of field lines of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. The microswitch and the permanent magnet are fixed relative to one another and a movable ferromagnetic part is moved between two positions so as to act on the orientation of the field lines generated by the permanent magnet so as to impose on the microswitch one or other of its two states.
US08193883B2	Rotary switching mechanism A switching system includes two or more rotary switching mechanisms for selectively moving items. The switching system may be used for switching optical elements, such as filters, into and out of an optical path, for example selectively placing one of a group of available filters into the optical path. Each of the rotary switching mechanisms has a passive torque device, including a mechanical flexure and a magnetic latch, that provides most of the torque for moving an item between a retracted position and an extended position, and vice versa. The passive torque device has a pair of null positions or detents at the retracted and extended positions. A brushless DC motor is used to provide a force to get the passive torque device out of these null positions. Thereafter the passive torque device is able on its own to provide most of the torque for movement.
US08193870B2	Method and system for compensation of frequency pulling in an all digital phase lock loop The present invention is a method and system for compensation of frequency pulling in an all digital phase lock loop. The all digital phase lock loop can utilize a multi-phase oscillator including latches with substantially all of the latches paired with a corresponding dummy cell. The dummy cells can have impedance characteristics, such as variable capacitance values which correspond to the variable capacitance value of the latches such that the sum of the two variable capacitance values remains substantially constant, even when the polarity of the reference clock signal changes. The dummy cells can be, for example, variable capacitors or dummy latches. The phase lock loop can also include a multiplying unit. The multiplying unit can receive a reference clock signal and generate a frequency multiplied reference clock signal.
US08193865B2	Output circuit using analog amplifier An output circuit includes an analog amplifier circuit including a differential amplifier stage configured to receive an input voltage, and first to nth output systems (n is a natural number more than 1); first to nth output nodes; an output pad; and first to nth electrostatic protection resistances. An ith output system (i is a natural number between 2 and n) of the first to nth output systems includes an ith PMOS transistor having a drain connected with the ith output node of the first to nth output nodes and a gate connected with a first output of the differential amplifier stage; and an ith NMOS transistor having a drain connected with the ith output node and a gate connected with a second output of the differential amplifier stage. The first to nth electrostatic protection resistances are respectively connected between the first to nth output nodes and the output pad.
US08193861B2	Differential amplifier A Provided is a differential amplifier in which a current flowing into an output transistor may be adjusted to a constant value even when a voltage of a non-inverting input terminal changes. A current flowing through the differential amplifier circuit is controlled by a current source, a current value of which is changed depending on the voltage of the non-inverting input terminal.
US08193860B2	Method and apparatus for automatically controlling an XNN® enhancement circuitry feeding a power amplifier Method and apparatus for automatically controlling the operation of a DC power enhancement circuitry connected to an RF power amplifier (PA) that operates at various input signal levels, according to which the instantaneous magnitude of the input signal is sensed and the instantaneous magnitude and its highest (lowest) peak are stored. For the time period during which the peak remains the highest (lowest) peak, the desired dynamic range of the power amplifier is determined according to the peak and a corresponding threshold level and the gain of the enhancement circuitry are determined according for that time period. Whenever the magnitude exceeds the corresponding threshold level, the enhancement circuitry provides to the power amplifier a level of DC power enhancement required for maintaining the output power of the power amplifier within the output dynamic range. Whenever a higher (lower) peak is detected, the process is repeated for the time period during which the lower peak remains the highest (lowest) peak of all preceding peaks and the value of the stored highest (lowest) peak is updated accordingly.
US08193855B2	Semiconductor device and power control method used for same A semiconductor device includes an internal circuit; a plurality of power switches arranged in parallel configured to supply a current to the internal circuit; an instruction circuit configured to output a instruction signal for controlling power supply to the internal circuit; a variation detection circuit configured to detect the current and to output a detection result; and a logic circuit configured to control a timing when the plurality of power switches becomes a conducting state in accordance with the detection result and the instruction signal.
US08193845B2	Binary-weighted delta-sigma fractional-N frequency synthesizer with digital-to-analog differentiators canceling quantization noise A phase lock loop includes a quantization circuit that generators an out of phase noise cancellation signal from an error in a delta-sigma modulator and applies the noise cancellation signal to the charge pump. The quantization circuit includes a digital-to-analog differentiator. The digital-to-analog differentiator may be, for example, a single-bit first-order digital-to-analog differentiator, a single-bit second-order digital-to-analog differentiator, or a full M-bit binary-weighted digital to analog differentiator.
US08193838B2	Input circuit and semiconductor integrated circuit including the same An input circuit, includes a first buffer circuit, a second buffer circuit, a first differential amplification circuit that includes a first input coupled to a first external power source terminal, a second input coupled to an output of the first buffer circuit, and an output coupled to an input of the first buffer circuit, and a second differential amplification circuit that includes a first input coupled to a second external power source terminal, a second input coupled to an output of the second buffer circuit, and an output coupled to an input of the second buffer circuit.
US08193837B2	Corner detector A corner detector comprises a PMOS threshold voltage detector and an NMOS threshold voltage detector, the PMOS threshold voltage detector is composed of a first clock terminal, a first CMOS inverter, a first capacitor, a PMOS threshold voltage function generator and a first voltage output terminal, wherein the PMOS threshold voltage function generator is electrically connected to the first capacitor and applied to generate a first formula of voltage signal as a function of threshold voltage, the NMOS threshold voltage detector is composed of a second clock terminal, a second CMOS inverter, a second capacitor, an NMOS threshold voltage function generator and a second voltage output terminal, wherein the NMOS threshold voltage function generator is electrically connected to the second capacitor and applied to generate a second formula of voltage signal as a function of threshold voltage.
US08193825B2	Test circuit and method for an electronic device A test circuit for an electronic device including a liquid crystal display (LCD) device. The LCD device includes a pulse width modulator (PWM) to provide voltages to a display panel of the LCD device, a plurality of feedback circuits to output feedback voltages to the PWM, and a power supply to provide an operating voltage for the PWM. When the electronic device is in a test mode, the feedback circuits respectively decrease the feedback voltages, such that the PWM increases the voltages output to the display panel according to the feedback voltages, the increased voltages reach predetermined test voltages and test the electronic device.
US08193824B2	Monitoring plasma induced damage during semiconductor wafer processes A plasma damage detection test structure is disclosed. The plasma damage detection test structure includes a first antenna, a voltage source, a ground reference, a first transistor comprising a first source, a first gate, and a first drain. The plasma damage detection test structure further includes a second transistor comprising a second source, a second gate, and a second drain. The first gate is conductively coupled to said first antenna, said first drain and said second drain are conductively coupled to said voltage source, and said first source and said second source are conductively coupled to said ground reference. In various embodiments multiple antennas may be used. The antennas may be multiple configurations, such as a symmetric arrangement or asymmetric arrangement. In various embodiments, multiple transistors in parallel or cross-couple arrangements may be used.
US08193822B2	System and method for determining capacitance value A circuit for determining a value of a variable capacitor includes first circuitry for generating a first indication when a variable voltage across the variable capacitor exceeds a threshold voltage. Second circuitry generates a second indication when a reference voltage across a reference capacitor exceeds the threshold voltage. Control logic responsive to the first and second indications generate a control signal indicating whether the first indication or the second indication occurs first. A successive approximation engine generates an N-bit control value responsive to the control signal. A variable current source is responsive to the N-bit control value for generating a variable current to the first circuitry. A reference current source generates a reference current to the second circuitry.
US08193811B2	Dual-frequency coil array for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system A dual-frequency coil array for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system is provided. The coil array includes a first coil element having a pair of dual-frequency loop coils and a second coil element having a pair of dual-frequency loop coils. The coil array further includes at least one capacitive mesh configured to decouple the pairs of dual-frequency loop coils of the first and second coil elements.
US08193809B2	Three dimensional RF coil structures for field profiling In one illustrative embodiment, a radio frequency (RF) coil is disclosed. The RF coil may include a plurality of transmission line elements, wherein at least one of the plurality of transmission line elements may have at least one dimension different than a dimension of another one of the plurality of transmission line elements. In some cases, each of the transmission line elements may include a signal line conductor and a ground plane conductor separated by a dielectric.
US08193807B2	Magnetic sensor device Provided is a magnetic sensor device including: a switching circuit that controls switching of a terminal pair of the magnetoelectric conversion element to which a supply voltage is applied and a terminal pair to which detection voltage of a magnetic intensity is output; a differential amplifier that differentially amplifies the detection voltage; a first capacitor connected to a first output terminal of the differential amplifier; a second switch connected to a second output terminal of the differential amplifier; a comparator that has a first input terminal connected to the first capacitor and a second input terminal connected to the second switch; a first switch connected between the first input terminal and an output terminal of the comparator; and a second capacitor connected to the second input terminal of the comparator; and a detection voltage setting circuit connected to the second capacitor, in which effects of respective offset voltages of the magnetoelectric conversion element, the amplifier, and the comparator are suppressed, and an arbitrary detection magnetic field intensity is set to enable accurate magnetic reading.
US08193795B2	Output current and input power regulation with a power converter A power converter circuit senses the output voltage (Vo) and controls the converter's duty cycle (d1) to provide a steady output current (Io) or input power (Pin) in each switching cycle (T). During an initial period (Tramp), the controller provides a possibly smaller target current (Iramp) to reduce the system stress while the output voltage rises to a suitable value (InitVtar).
US08193791B2	Maximum output power control of a flyback converter A method and apparatus for a flyback converter estimate the next value of the current limit for the flyback converter according to a present current limit value to achieve the maximum output power control of the flyback converter. An arithmetic circuit is used to calculate the next current limit value according three parameters, the present current limit value, the value of the current sense signal taken after a first time period counting from the instant when the present duty is triggered, and the variation of the current sense signal during a second time period, thereby narrowing the tolerance of the output power from the flyback converter.
US08193788B2	Method and device for controlling a configurable power supply to provide AC and/or DC power output An apparatus, device, and system for generating an amount of output power in response to a direct current (DC) power input includes a configurable power supply, which may be electrically coupled to the DC power input. The configurable power supply is selectively configurable between multiple circuit topologies to generate various DC power outputs and/or and AC power output. The system may also include one or more DC power electronic accessories, such as DC-to-DC power converters, and/or one or more AC power electronic accessories such as DC-to-AC power converters. The power electronic accessories are couplable to the configurable power supply to receive the corresponding DC or AC power output of the configurable power supply.
US08193783B2	Permanent magnet generator having passive flux control A permanent magnet generator assembly has a permanent magnet generator with magnetic flux control windings, a passive rectifier, and a passive control element. The passive control element electrically connects an output of the passive rectifier to the magnetic flux control windings.
US08193778B2	Method of charging a battery array The method of charging a battery array performs constant current and constant voltage charging of a battery array while detecting the voltage of each battery. The battery array is a plurality of series connected batteries. The charge method detects the voltage of each battery cell at a prescribed sampling rate. When the voltage of any battery cell exceeds a preset maximum specified voltage, charging power is reduced for constant current, constant voltage charging of the battery array.
US08193775B2	Hysteresis switch and electricity charging module using the same An electricity charging module using a hysteresis switch includes a storage capacitor that preliminarily stores electrical energy supplied from an external power source, a charging unit for preventing over-charging or over-discharging through monitoring of the charging state of the rechargeable battery, and a hysteresis switch that has a larger turn-on voltage level than the turn-off voltage level, and located between the storage capacitor and the charging unit, thereby electrically connecting or disconnecting the storage capacitor with the charging unit. The hysteresis switch includes a first voltage dividing resistor pair that divides the voltage of an external power source by the resistance ratio of the first voltage dividing resistor pair, a second voltage dividing resistor pair whose one end is connected to a positive electrode terminal of the external power source, a first switching device whose control terminal is connected to the junction of the voltage dividing resistors of the second voltage dividing resistor pair, a second switching device whose control terminal is connected to the junction of the voltage dividing resistors of the first voltage dividing resistor pair, and a resistor that is connected to the junction between the first electrode terminal of the second switching device and the junction of the voltage dividing resistors of the first voltage dividing resistor pair.
US08193774B2	Battery pack In a battery pack including a protection circuit, a series circuit of a thermistor and a resistor is disposed in a vicinity of a secondary battery and connected in parallel with the secondary battery. A connection detecting circuit is disposed to detect connection of a charging device to the battery pack. A comparator is disposed to compare a voltage of a junction point of the thermistor and the resistor with a reference voltage corresponding to a predetermined temperature. A gate circuit is disposed to activate an output signal of the comparator only when the connection of the charging device is detected. The protection circuit is arranged so that, when a temperature of the secondary battery exceeds the predetermined temperature, a switch element is turned off in accordance with the output signal of the comparator activated.
US08193767B2	Power receiving device, and electronic apparatus and non-contact charger using the same Disclosed is an electronic apparatus (1) comprising a power receiving device (2) and an electronic apparatus main body (3). The power receiving device (2) comprises a power receiving coil (11) having a spiral coil, a rectifier (12) and a secondary battery (13). The electronic apparatus main body (3) comprises an electronic device (14) and a circuit board (15). A magnetic foil (16) is arranged in at least one position between the spiral coil (11) and the secondary battery (13), the rectifier (12), the electronic device (14) or the circuit board (15). The magnetic foil (16) has a value expressed as the product of the saturation flux density MS and the thickness t, namely Ms·t, of not less than 15.
US08193764B2	Wireless charging of electronic devices Wireless chargers are provided. The wireless chargers can simultaneously receive and transmit power wirelessly. The wireless chargers can include a rechargeable battery so that the wireless charges can be used portably to charge electronic devices. The wireless chargers can also be programmable so that a user can select a power-transmitting protocol that is particularly suited for the electronic device being charged.
US08193763B2	Battery apparatus, battery control apparatus, and motor drive unit The present invention provides enhanced serial communication reliability in a situation where a plurality of cell controllers and a battery controller are daisy-chained to form a serial communication configuration. While the plurality of cell controllers and the battery controller are daisy-chained to form a serial communication configuration, the battery controller or each cell controller includes a communication speed detection means, which detects the communication speed of data input from an additional controller, and a reception timing correction means, which corrects the reception timing for data input from the additional controller in accordance with the communication speed detected by the communication speed detection means.
US08193757B2	Photovoltaic circuit A photovoltaic circuit configured to supply an output current to a tank module is provided. The photovoltaic circuit comprises a photovoltaic transformation module, a first process module, a plurality of second process modules, and a first control module. The process modules are connected to each other in parallel. The process modules in the parallel connection are connected to the photovoltaic transformation module and the tank module in series. The first control module is connected to the first process module and generates a control signal to the process modules in response to a divided current, a modulation current, and a last output current generated by the first process module. Thereby, the process modules interlacedly output the corresponding modulation current as the output current supplied to the energy reserve module.
US08193755B2	Actuator An actuator comprising a reversible electric motor, which over a gearing, drives an activation element which can move back and forth. The activation element is of the non-self-locking type. Furthermore the motor and gearing are of a non self locking type. A brake holds the activation element in any position, when the electric motor is inactive, said brake can be released by means of a release mechanism. The motor is used as generator when the brake is released and the generator voltage from it is used to adjust the velocity of the activation element. Thus, a quick release is provided, where the activation element can be disengaged and adjusted evading gear and motor, and where the movement of the activation element, during the disengagement, occurs with a controlled velocity.
US08193754B2	Mechanical stepper motors A method for stepping a first member relative to a second member. The method including: providing one of the first and second members with one of a plurality of pockets and movable pins offset from each other with a first spacing; providing the other of the first and second members with the other of the plurality of pockets and movable pins offset from each other with a second spacing, where the first spacing is different from the second spacing; and engaging at least one of the movable pins into a corresponding pocket to step one of the first and second members a predetermined linear and/or rotary displacement.
US08193751B2	Window covering driving device A window covering driving device includes a motor and a control circuit, the control circuit is provided with a microprocessor, a control wire, a control signal input terminal, and a switching circuit and the motor is connected to a drive power supply via the switching circuit. The switching circuit is connected to the microprocessor and the control signal input terminal is connected to the microprocessor via the control wire. A safety position limiting wire is also included with one end of the safety position limiting wire being connected to the microprocessor and the other end is connected to a safety position limiting signal control terminal. The safety position limiting wire and safety position limiting signal control terminal are attached so that, when the safety position limiting signal control terminal is at the position limiting state, as the motor runs to the position limiting position, it will automatically stop.
US08193744B2	Method and apparatus for quiet fan speed control A method for controlling the speed of an AC motor by means of an AC motor speed control having a plurality of capacitors operable to be selectively coupled in parallel electrical connection, the parallel coupled capacitors operable to be coupled in series electrical connection with the AC motor, the method comprising charging the capacitors up to substantially the same predetermined voltage prior to combining the capacitors in parallel electrical connection.
US08193733B2	LED driver circuit A novel LED driver circuit, including: a current regulation circuit, having a first end and a second end, wherein a first current is flowing into the second end, and a voltage difference between the first end and the second end is generated in response to the first current; a transistor, coupled with the first end and second end of the current regulation circuit; a bias network, having a first end and a second end, the second end being coupled with the transistor; and a LED module, having at least two connection nodes, wherein the connection node at one end of the LED module is coupled to a line voltage, the connection node at the other end of the LED module is coupled to the transistor, and one of the at least two connection nodes is coupled with the first end of the bias network.
US08193731B2	Package of constant-current supplying chip and LED lamp driven by alternating current An LED lamp driven by alternating current includes at least a first constant-current supplying device, at least a second constant-current supplying device and at least an LED load. A terminal of the first constant-current supplying device is connected to the first connecting terminal of the AC power source. A terminal of the second constant-current supplying device is connected to the second connecting terminal of the AC power source. The LED load is connected between the first constant-current supplying device and the second constant-current supplying device in series. Through the current limiting function of the first constant-current supplying device and the second constant-current supplying device, the LED lamp may be protected.
US08193725B2	Voltage converter, backlight module control system and control method thereof A backlight module control system includes a plurality of backlight sub-modules, a control signals output unit, a voltage converter and a plurality of current control units. The control signals output circuit is for providing a voltage control signal, a current control signal and a plurality of PWM signals; the voltage converter is coupled to the control signals output circuit and the backlight sub-modules, and is for outputting an output voltage to the backlight sub-modules according to the voltage control signal; the current control units are coupled to the backlight sub-modules, respectively, and each current control unit is for determining a current of its corresponding backlight sub-module according to the current control signal, and each current control unit is further utilized for determining whether its corresponding backlight sub-module is enabled or not according to its corresponding PWM signal. In addition, only one backlight module is enabled at a same time.
US08193712B2	Method for monitoring a plurality of electrical luminous elements and device for disinfecting a substance by means of ultraviolet radiation The invention relates to a method for the monitoring of a plurality of at least three electrical lighting bodies of the same design, comprising a. Imposition on the plurality of lighting bodies of at least one supply signal from at least one ballast device, b. Reading out of at least one parameter for each of the individual lighting bodies in each case, c. Forming of at least one reference value from at least some of the parameters read out from the different lighting bodies, d. Comparison of the reference value with the parameter of each individual one of the lighting bodies, e. Generation of a signal for each lighting body of which the parameter exceeds a specified deviation from the reference value.
US08193710B2	Lamp with at least one base A lamp with a light emission element arranged in a light-emitting tube, external leads for supplying energy to the light emission element, an antioxidant layer covering said external leads, sealing portions sealing metal foils connected electrically to the external leads and a base fixed via an adhesive to said sealing portions. The adhesive that fixes the base does not directly contact the antioxidant layer since an intermediate layer made of a material which does not react with the alkali in the adhesive is provided at a periphery of the antioxidant layer of the external lead, and the base is fixed by the adhesive being provided at an outer periphery of the intermediate layer.
US08193703B2	Organic light emitting diode display that directs reflected light to improve visibility An OLED display includes a first substrate including a thin film transistor and an OLED, and a second substrate on the first substrate and including a corner-cube pattern facing the first substrate.
US08193702B2	Method of light dispersion and preferential scattering of certain wavelengths of light-emitting diodes and bulbs constructed therefrom A method for preferential scattering of certain wavelengths of light and/or dispersing light in an LED or LED bulb. The method includes emitting light from at least one LED die, and scattering the light from the at least one LED die by dispersing a plurality of particles having a size a fraction of at least one dominant wavelength of the light from the at least one LED die in the LED outer shell or in an LED bulb or in an at least one shell of an LED bulb. Alternatively, the method includes emitting light from the at least one LED die, and dispersing the light from the at least one LED die by distributing a plurality of particles having a size one to a few times larger than a dominant wavelength of the light from the LED in an outer shell, or body of the LED bulb.
US08193701B2	Stilbene derivatives, light-emitting element and light-emitting device The present invention provides a novel substance having an excellent color purity of blue, a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device using the novel substance. A stilbene derivative has a structure shown by the general formula (1). In the general formula (1), R1 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms. R2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms. Each of R3 to R5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Ar1 is an aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms.
US08193695B2	Organic light emitting device and manufacturing method thereof The present invention relates to an organic light emitting device and a manufacturing method thereof. A method of manufacturing an organic light emitting device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: respectively forming first, second, and third driving transistors in a first region, a second region, and a third region on a substrate; forming an insulating layer on the first to third driving transistors; respectively forming first, second, and third pixel electrodes on the insulating layer, the first, second, and third pixel electrodes being formed in the first, second, and third regions, respectively; forming an auxiliary electrode on a side surface of each of the first, second, and third pixel electrodes; forming an organic light emitting member on the first to third pixel electrodes; and forming a common electrode on the organic light emitting member.
US08193694B2	Electroluminescent device with improved light decoupling An electroluminescent device includes a substrate and a sandwich consisting of a first electrode, an electroluminescent layer and a second electrode. To improve decoupling of light from the electro-luminescent device, a layer comprising conductive particles adjoins the first or second electrode.
US08193684B2	V-shaped or U-shaped piezoelectric device for generating an electrical voltage A piezoelectric device for generating an electrical voltage, comprises a vibrating plate having a portion integral with a fixed support and at least one free end capable of moving under the effect of a mechanical pulse, and at least one piezoelectric element attached to one face of the plate so as to deform under the effect of the oscillations of the plate that result from said mechanical pulse, thus generating an electrical voltage.The plate has a U-shaped or V-shaped general configuration, possessing two substantially planar branches joined by a curved linking portion integral with the support.
US08193682B2	Vehicle alternator provided with brushes, brush holder, and slip rings An alternator for vehicles, the alternator being provided with a rotary shaft, comprising slip rings fixed to a rotary shaft to be rotated with the rotary shaft, brushes being placed to be in slide contact with the slip rings a brush holder that accommodates the brushes to be held therein; connection terminals fixed to the brush holder, brush leads electrically connecting the brushes to the connection terminals respectively, and a slip ring cover that covers the slip rings in cooperation with the brush holder, wherein the brush holder comprises first chambers in which the bushes are fixedly accommodated second chambers in which the brush leads are accommodated, the second combers communicating with the first chambers, and first air holes formed to open outside of the housing and formed as inlet/exhaust passages communicating with the second chambers.
US08193676B2	Coil manufacturing method and coil manufacturing apparatus A coil manufacturing method for manufacturing a wave wound coil in a substantially cylindrical shape by shaping a linear conductor with a cross-sectional shape having directionality, including: transferring a linear waver conductor shaped in a substantially rectangular waveform, and having straight side portions extending in a wave width direction, one-side connecting portions sequentially connecting every other pair of adjacent side portions at ends on a one wave width direction side, and other-side connecting portions sequentially connecting pairs of adjacent side portions that are not connected by the one-side connecting portions at ends on an other wave width direction side; bending a target connecting portion, which is at least one of the one-side connecting portions and the other-side connecting portions of the wave conductor, at one position thereof to shape the target connecting portion into a substantially V shape so that the side portions are arranged along a coil circumferential direction and directions of cross-sectional shapes of the side portions are in a constant direction with respect to a coil radial direction; and winding the bent wave conductor on a bobbin.
US08193674B2	Arrangement with generator bars for a stator of an electrical generator An arrangement having at least two generator bars for a stator of an electrical generator which are electrically connected to one another via a respective bar end is characterized, according to the invention, by the fact that the respective bar ends, which are electrically connected to one another, of the at least two generator bars are braced with respect to one another by means of a tape.
US08193672B2	Interior permanent magnet type brushless direct current motor Disclosed is an interior permanent magnet type brushless direct current (BLDC) motor including a stator having a plurality of slots wound in a distributed winding manner, and a rotor positioned in the stator, configured to rotate with respect to the stator, and having a rotor core, a plurality of permanent magnets inserted in the rotor core and a plurality of flux barriers, wherein a flux barrier angle of the rotor is determined by multiples of twenty as an electrical angle and the multiples of twenty relates to a number of slots of the stator.
US08193670B2	Magnetorheological actuators Provided is an actuator, comprising a motor/generator element and a clutch/brake element. The motor/generator element comprises a stator made of a high magnetic permeable material, an outer coil being wound around the stator; a rotor made of a high magnetic permeable material and with a plurality of permanent magnets fixed thereon; and a cavity configured to receive a fluid. The clutch/brake element is arranged in the cavity. An inner coil is wound around the clutch/brake element. The fluid is capable of producing a shear stress in response to an electromagnetic field induced from the inner coil.
US08193643B2	Semiconductor device and method for fabricating the same According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a semiconductor device, including a semiconductor chip including a semiconductor element, a first electrode of the semiconductor chip being configured on a first surface of the semiconductor element, a second electrode of the semiconductor element being configured on a second surface opposed to the first surface of the semiconductor chip, an encapsulating material encapsulating the semiconductor chip, a first hole and a second hole being configured in the encapsulating material, a portion of the first electrode and a portion of the second electrode being exposed, a first conductive material being connected to the first surface of the semiconductor chip via the first hole, a second conductive material being connected to the second surface of the semiconductor chip via the second hole, and a plating film covering five surfaces of the first conductive material other than one surface contacting with the encapsulating material and five surfaces of the second conductive material other than one surface contacting with the encapsulating material.
US08193642B2	Interlayer insulating film, interconnection structure, and methods of manufacturing the same This invention provides an interlayer insulating film for a semiconductor device, which has low permittivity, is free from the evolution of gas such as CFx and SiF4 and is stable, and a wiring structure comprising the same. In an interlayer insulating film comprising an insulating film provided on a substrate layer, the interlayer insulating film has an effective permittivity of not more than 3. The wiring structure comprises an interlayer insulating film, a contact hole provided in the interlayer insulating film, and a metal filled into the contact hole. The insulating film comprises a first fluorocarbon film provided on the substrate layer and a second fluorocarbon film provided on the first fluorocarbon film.
US08193641B2	Recessed workfunction metal in CMOS transistor gates A transistor gate comprises a substrate having a pair of spacers disposed on a surface, a high-k dielectric conformally deposited on the substrate between the spacers, a recessed workfunction metal conformally deposited on the high-k dielectric and along a portion of the spacer sidewalls, a second workfunction metal conformally deposited on the recessed workfunction metal, and an electrode metal deposited on the second workfunction metal. The transistor gate may be formed by conformally depositing the high-k dielectric into a trench between the spacers on the substrate, conformally depositing a workfunction metal atop the high-k dielectric, depositing a sacrificial mask atop the workfunction metal, etching a portion of the sacrificial mask to expose a portion of the workfunction metal, and etching the exposed portion of the workfunction metal to form the recessed workfunction metal. The second workfunction metal and the electrode metal may be deposited atop the recessed workfunction metal.
US08193620B2	Integrated circuit package with enlarged die paddle An integrated circuit package system having a body with a top surface, a bottom surface, and a plurality of side surfaces has a leadframe and encapsulating material that encapsulates at least a portion of the leadframe. The leadframe and encapsulating material are part of the body. The leadframe has a die paddle for supporting a die, and a plurality of leads spaced from the die paddle. The encapsulating material thus also separates the die paddle from the plurality of leads. At least a first portion of the die paddle is exposed to the top surface, while at least a second portion of the die paddle is exposed to the bottom surface.
US08193615B2	Semiconductor packaging process using through silicon vias A microelectronic unit 400 can include a semiconductor element 401 having a front surface, a microelectronic semiconductor device adjacent to the front surface, contacts 403 at the front surface and a rear surface remote from the front surface. The semiconductor element 401 can have through holes 410 extending from the rear surface through the semiconductor element 401 and through the contacts 403. A dielectric layer 411 can line the through holes 410. A conductive layer 412 may overlie the dielectric layer 411 within the through holes 410. The conductive layer 412 can conductively interconnect the contacts 403 with unit contacts.
US08193609B2	Heterojunction bipolar transistor device with electrostatic discharge ruggedness A heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) device and system having electrostatic discharge ruggedness, and methods for making the same, are disclosed. An HBT device having electrostatic discharge ruggedness may include one or more emitter fingers including an emitter layer, a transition layer formed over the emitter layer, and an emitter cap layer formed over the transition layer.
US08193602B2	Schottky diode with control gate for optimization of the on state resistance, the reverse leakage, and the reverse breakdown A Schottky diode optimizes the on state resistance, the reverse leakage current, and the reverse breakdown voltage of the Schottky diode by forming an insulated control gate over a region that lies between the metal-silicon junction of the Schottky diode and the n+ cathode contact of the Schottky diode.
US08193601B2	Structure and method for flexible sensor array A method of forming a sensor array. The method includes depositing a source/drain contact layer; depositing a semiconductor layer on the source/drain contact layer; and patterning the source/drain contact layer and the semiconductor layer substantially simultaneously, wherein the patterned semiconductor layer forms part of a sensor of the sensor array.
US08193600B2	Shared-pixel-type image sensor and method of fabricating the same A shared-pixel-type image sensor including a shared floating diffusion region formed in a semiconductor substrate; first and second adjacent photoelectric conversion regions sharing the floating diffusion region; two transmission elements that alternately transfer electric charges accumulated in the first and second photoelectric conversion regions to the shared floating diffusion region, respectively; a drive element for outputting the electric charges of the shared floating diffusion region; a first contact formed on the floating diffusion region; a second contact formed on the drive element; and a local wire that connects the first and second contacts to electrically connect the floating diffusion region and the drive element, wherein the local wire is formed at a level lower than respective top surfaces of the first and second contacts.
US08193592B2	MOSFET with asymmetrical extension implant A method for fabricating a MOSFET (e.g., a PMOS FET) includes providing a semiconductor substrate having surface characterized by a (110) surface orientation or (110) sidewall surfaces, forming a gate structure on the surface, and forming a source extension and a drain extension in the semiconductor substrate asymmetrically positioned with respect to the gate structure. An ion implantation process is performed at a non-zero tilt angle. At least one spacer and the gate electrode mask a portion of the surface during the ion implantation process such that the source extension and drain extension are asymmetrically positioned with respect to the gate structure by an asymmetry measure.
US08193588B2	Semiconductor device A method for fabricating a semiconductor device comprises: forming a gate pattern over a silicon active region and an insulating layer, which form a semiconductor substrate; removing the silicon active region exposed between the gate patterns; and filling a space between the gate patterns to form a plug.
US08193582B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor device, including: a first transistor formed on a substrate and including an Hf contained film as its gate insulating film; and a second transistor formed on said substrate and having the same conductive type as that of said first transistor, said second transistor including a silicon oxide film and not including an Hf contained film as its gate insulating film is provided.
US08193570B2	Synchronous buck converter using shielded gate field effect transistors A synchronous buck converter includes a high-side switch and a low-side switch serially coupled to one another. The low-side switch includes a field effect transistor that comprises: a trench extending into a drift region of the field effect transistor; a shield electrode in a lower portion of the trench, wherein the shield electrode is insulated from the drift region by a shield dielectric; a gate electrode in the trench over the shield electrode, wherein the gate electrode is insulated from the shield electrode by an inter-electrode dielectric; source regions adjacent the trench; a source metal contacting the source regions; and a resistive element having one end contacting the shield electrode and another end contacting the source metal in the field effect transistor.
US08193558B2	Optical electronic component There is provided a method of sealing and molding an optical device with resin by employing a die including a top piece, a bottom piece, an intermediate piece, and a mold release film pinched between the bottom and intermediate pieces and thus tensioned as prescribed to cover the bottom piece's cavity, when the bottom piece is heated, and the mold release film expands and thus closely contacts the cavity's entire surface along the cavity's geometry so that the optical device can be sealed in transparent set resin shaped as desired.
US08193546B2	Light-emitting-diode array with polymer between light emitting devices A light-emitting-diode (LED) array includes a first LED device having a first electrode and a second LED device having a second electrode. The first and the second LED device are formed on a common substrate and are separated by a gap. At least one polymer material substantially fills the gap. An interconnect, formed on top of the at least one polymer material, electrically connects the first electrode and the second electrode.
US08193543B2	Monochromatic light source with high aspect ratio Light emitting systems are disclosed. The light emitting system includes an LED that emits light at a first wave-length. A primary portion of the emitted first wavelength light exits the LED from a top surface of the LED that has a minimum lateral dimension Wmin. The remaining portion of the emitted first wavelength light exits the LED from one or more sides of the LED that has a maximum edge thickness Tmax (122, 124). The ratio Wmin/Tmax is at least 30. The light emitting system further includes a re-emitting semiconductor construction that includes a semiconductor potential well. The re-emitting semiconductor construction receives the first wavelength light that exits the LED from the top surface and converts at least a portion of the received light to light of a second wavelength. The integrated emission intensity of all light at the second wavelength that exit the light emitting system is at least 4 times the integrated emission intensity of all light at the first wavelength that exit the light emitting system.
US08193537B2	Optically controlled silicon carbide and related wide-bandgap transistors and thyristors An optically active material is used to create power devices and circuits having significant performance advantages over conventional methods for affecting optical control of power electronics devices and circuits. A silicon-carbide optically active material is formed by compensating shallow donors with the boron related D-center. The resulting material can be n-type or p-type but it is distinguished from other materials by the ability to induce persistent photoconductivity in it when illuminated by electromagnetic radiation with a photon energy in excess of the threshold energy required to photoexcite electrons from the D-center to allowed states close to the conduction band edge, which varies from polytype to polytype.
US08193533B2	Display device having thin film transistors To provide a semiconductor device having a function equivalent to that of IGFET, an activation layer is formed by a crystal silicon film crystallized by using a catalyst element helping promote crystallization and a heating treatment is carried out in an atmosphere including a halogen element by which the catalyst element is removed, the activation layer processed by such steps is constituted by a peculiar crystal structure and according to the crystal structure, a rate of incommensurate bonds in respect of all of bonds at grain boundaries is 5% or less (preferably, 3% or less).
US08193527B2	Organic thin film transistor and flat panel display device including the same Provided are an organic thin film transistor providing smoother movement of holes between a source electrode or a drain electrode and a p-type organic semiconductor layer, and a flat panel display device including the organic thin film transistor. The organic thin film transistor includes a substrate, a gate electrode disposed on the substrate, a p-type organic semiconductor layer insulated from the gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode separated from each other and insulated from the gate electrode, and a hole injection layer interposed between the source and drain electrodes and the p-type organic semiconductor layer.
US08193513B2	Hybrid ion source/multimode ion source A hybrid ion source, comprising a source body configured to create plasma therein, from a first material, wherein the first material comprises one of monatomic gases, small molecule gases, large molecule gases, reactive gases, and solids, a low power plasma generation component operably associated with the source body, a high power plasma generation component operably associated with the source body and an extraction aperture configured to extract ions of the ion plasma from the source body.
US08193512B2	Irradiation field forming device An irradiation field forming device for forming an irradiation field when a specimen is irradiated with a charged particle beam generated by an accelerator, the irradiation field forming device includes: a range shifter arranged on a beam axis of the charged particle beam for regulating an irradiation depth of the charged particle beam; and two or more than two converging electromagnets arranged in the downstream of the range shifter for regulating a beam diameter of the charged particle beam which is enlarged by the range shifter to a constant value.
US08193509B2	Radiation image detector A radiation image detector including: an internal power supply section, which is capable of being charged, to supply power to each section; an external power supply terminal to receive power from an external power source to allow the internal power supply section to be charged; and a power supply control section to control supply of the power to the internal power supply section, the power being received from the external power source via the external power supply terminal, wherein when detecting that the external power supply terminal receives power from the external power source, the power supply control section judges an operating state of each section, and controls supply of the power to the internal power supply section according to the operating state of each section, the power being received from the external power source via the external power supply terminal.
US08193503B2	Method of detecting organic materials using terahertz spectroscopy Disclosed herein are methods of detecting organic materials, and more particularly, methods of detecting organic materials using terahertz spectroscopy. The method of detecting organic material using terahertz spectroscopy includes suspending organic material in a medium to form a sample; irradiating the sample with an illumination beam of electromagnetic radiation, the illumination beam having a plurality of frequencies in the range of about 100 GHz to about 2 THz; detecting radiation transmitted through and/or reflected from the sample; and, analyzing the detected radiation to identify the organic material, wherein the medium is selected from the group consisting of agar, guar gum, gellan gum, carrageenan, xantham gum, fibrous sodium pectate, and other agar substitutes.
US08193502B2	Optical absorption gas sensor An optical absorption gas sensor comprising a body having an internal wall which defines a chamber, at least one aperture in the body through which a gas sample can enter the chamber, a light source, at least one reflector, a detector assembly which extends into the chamber and has a first side and an opposite second side, a detector which measures light which is incident at least a range of angles on at least a part of a first surface of the detector assembly on the first side of the detector assembly, wherein the light source is located within the chamber on the second side of the detector assembly, the whole being configured such that light from the light source passes through the gas sample and is reflected around the detector assembly, by the at least one reflector, onto the detector.
US08193499B2	Surface enhanced infrared absorption sensor and method for producing the same The method for producing a surface enhanced infrared absorption sensor of the invention is characterized by: adsorbing metallic nanoparticles dispersed in a solution on a surface of a substrate, or allowing the adsorbed metallic nanoparticles to be grown in a solution, thereby forming a film; applying infrared light to the substrate from the side thereof opposite to the side on which the metallic nano-thin film is disposed; detecting evanescent waves exuding from the substrate; and regulating a surface enhanced infrared adsorption activity while monitoring surface enhanced infrared adsorption signals in situ, whereby the metallic nano-thin film is grown in the form of flat and discontinuous islands. According to the method, there is provided a production technique for a surface enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) sensor having a higher sensitivity and more excellent in the reproducibility.
US08193498B2	Method and device for optically determining the position of an object The invention relates to a method and a device for optically determining the position of an object in a particular area of a substantially plane surface. According to the invention at least one directional single-point emitter associated with at least two directional single-point light receivers covering the particular area are disposed near said particular area, each light emitter and receiver having an axis substantially parallel to the particular area and on which maximum emission, respectively maximum sensing angle, is observed, so that the axes of the receivers intersect the axis of the emitter at different points. The light emitter is energized and the position of the object on the axis of the emitter is determined as a function of a comparison of the light signals reflected and diffused by the object toward each of the two light receivers.
US08193494B2	Transmission electron microscope and method for observing specimen image with the same A first electron biprism is disposed in a condenser optical system and an observation region of a specimen is irradiated simultaneously with two electron beams of different angles. The two electron beams that have simultaneously transmitted the specimen are spatially separated and focused with a second electron biprism disposed in an imaging optical system and two electron microscopic images of different irradiation angles are obtained. The two picture images are obtained by a detecting unit. Based on the two picture images, a stereoscopic image or two images having different kinds of information of the specimen is/are produced and displayed on a display device.
US08193493B2	Charged particle beam apparatus A charged particle beam apparatus that can achieve both high defect-detection sensitivity and high inspection speed for a sample with various properties in a multi-beam type semiconductor inspection apparatus. The allocation of the primary beam on the sample is made changeable, and furthermore, the beam allocation for performing the inspection at the optimum inspection specifications and at high speed is selected based on the property of the sample. In addition, many optical parameters and apparatus parameters are optimized. Furthermore, the properties of the selected primary beam are measured and adjusted.
US08193490B2	High mass resolution with ICR measuring cells The compensation potentials on the compensation electrodes of an ICR measuring cell are sequentially adjusted so that an ICR measurement with the longest possible usable image current transient is produced. Then, subsequent ICR measurements are made using the ICR cell with the optimally adjusted compensation potentials. Depending on the kind of ion mixture involved, measurements with image current transients from 10 to more than 20 seconds long can be performed, from which mass spectra with a maximum mass resolution without peak coalescence can be obtained.
US08193488B2	Vibrating probe A measuring system comprising: a MIMS probe 1 comprising a membrane inlet 3, a mass spectrometer 2 coupled to the probe, and a vibrator controllable 7 to vibrate the probe 1 to disturb a boundary layer 13 at the membrane inlet 3 when the probe 1 is in a liquid under analysis.

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