The invention relates to an opening device, in particular to a mechanical emergency quick opening device. The mechanical emergency quick opening device comprises a power drive arm and a locking bolt. The locking bolt is arranged in a back room, an emergency glass shield is fixed on the back room, and a support is fixed in the back room. The support is hinged to a midpoint of a lever, one end of the lever is hinged to a drive end of the lock bolt, the other end of the lever is hinged to the power drive arm and connected to the bottom end of an emergency pulling rope through a spring hinge pin, and the upper end of the emergency pulling rope is arranged in the emergency glass shield. According to the mechanical emergency quick opening device, doors, cabinets or the like are not needed to be opened destructively in fires, traffic collisions or other emergency situations, only the emergency glass shield is needed to be broken, and the emergency pulling rope is pulled manually to pull out a cotter, accordingly, the power drive arm and a connection pin of the lever can be popped under the action of a spring, manual shifting of the lever end can replace the power drive arm to perform unlocking, and manual emergency unlocking is achieved. The mechanical emergency quick opening device is applicable to emergency unlocking of various cabinet doors, and particularly suitable for being matched to be used for vehicle-mounted cabinets, various safe cases and various import warehouse doors.