The invention provides a radio-frequency receiving device for a magnetic resonance fiber spectrograph. According to the radio-frequency receiving device, a signal adjusting unit comprises at least two signal adjusting subunits for adjusting received radio-frequency signals. The input end of each analog-to-digital (AD) converter is connected with the output of a signal adjusting subunit. A signal processing unit comprises at least two digital down-converters for performing down-conversion on the output signals of the AD converter and a parallel processing controller, wherein the parallel processing controller is used for performing parallel processing on the signals output by at least two digital down-converters and transmitting scanning sequence information received from a console to a scanning control unit. A parallel processing controller, each digital down-converter and each AD converter carries out clock control through reference clock signals received by a clock interface of the scanning control unit. By using the radio-frequency receiving device, the bandwidth utilization rate of a digital fiber link and the signal-to-noise ratio of a receiving channel of a radio-frequency receiving unit can be improved.