The invention relates to a trough plate type rapid loading and unloading base which comprises a shell, a sliding block arranged in the shell in a sliding mode, a plurality of screw holes formed in the shell, two rotating shafts rotatably arranged in the shell and two rotating blocks which are arranged on the outer side of the shell and fixed to the rotating shafts respectively. A driving device is arranged in the shell and is used for converting the vertical motion of the sliding block into the rotating motion of the rotating blocks, elements are fixed into screw holes of the shell through bolts or screws, then the sliding block is pressed, and therefore the sliding block drives the rotating blocks to rotate through the driving device until the upper planes and the lower planes of the rotating blocks are parallel to an opening trough in an aluminum profile trough plate, and then the rotating blocks are inserted into the opening trough. Then, the sliding block is driven to move in the reverse direction, the rotating blocks are rotated to the position perpendicular to a diagonal opening trough, the aim that the trough plate type rapid loading and unloading base is rapidly fixed to the aluminum profile trough plate is achieved, and therefore the elements are rapidly disassembled and assembled, and the efficiency is improved.