The invention discloses a vertical cooling kiln. The vertical cooling kiln comprises 1, a kiln body with an inner cavity, wherein the top of the kiln body is provided with a material receiving hopper, the bottom of the kiln body is provided with a discharge outlet and the upper part of the kiln body is provided with an air outlet, 2, a feeding Venturi tube which extends into the inner cavity of the kiln body from the material receiving hopper, 3, an annular air inlet duct which is arranged at the periphery of the kiln body and is provided with an air inlet, and 4, an air register which is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the kiln body and above the discharge outlet, is provided with an air distribution outlet, is communicated with the annular air inlet duct and realizes air distribution in the inner cavity of the kiln body by the air distribution outlet. The vertical cooling kiln solves the problems of large air leakage amount and low heat recovery efficiency of the existing cooling device, greatly improves agglomerate sensible heat recovery efficiency, reduces blower fan energy consumption, has a simple and compact structure, a small floor space, a low investment and less equipment maintenance workload and realizes energy saving and emission reduction.