A thermoelectric fuel oil fan heater comprises a combustion-heat exchange shell. An air supply opening is formed in the top of the combustion-heat exchange shell. A combustor with a chimney is arranged in the combustion-heat exchange shell. A plurality of smoke vents are formed in the side walls of the combustor. A heat collector cavity is formed outside the combustor. A heat collector chamber is formed between the combustor and the heat collector cavity. A plurality of thermoelectric modules are arranged on the outer wall of the heat collector cavity, and a radiator is arranged on the thermoelectric modules. An evaporation premixer shell is arranged below the combustion-heat exchange shell and internally provided with an evaporation premixer. A vaporization device is arranged in the evaporation premixer. An air supply fan is arranged below the evaporation premixer. The thermoelectric fuel oil fan heater can achieve liquid vaporization and combustion by gravity instead of spray nozzles, and heat released through combustion is used for temperature-difference power generation to drive the air supply fan; outdoor cold air is heated through the radiator and fed into a room, and no external power source is needed; and the thermoelectric fuel oil fan heater has the beneficial effects of being high in energy efficiency, high in stability, convenient to move and the like, is an ideal device for heating of camping or temporary housing, and can be widely applied to indoor heating of buildings, agricultural greenhouses, tents, mobile rooms and other facilities.