A threshing machine threshing cylinder concave assembly gear drive rotary mechanism belongs to the agricultural machine; an end of a threshing cylinder concave assembly is fixedly provided with a gear type tooth ring; the gear type tooth ring is uniformly provided with a plurality of pin shafts in a peripheral direction; ends on a same side of the pin shafts are respectively provided with a rolling bearing; the side portion of the gear type tooth ring is coaxially provided with rolling bearing ring seats which in radial, circumferential and axial positioning with the gear type tooth ring; the rolling bearings are arranged in annular rolling slideway slots of the rolling bearing ring seats; a driving gear is arranged on the side portion of the gear type tooth ring for mutually engagement; the rotary motions of the threshing cylinder concave assembly can be realized; the threshing machine threshing cylinder concave assembly gear drive rotary mechanism is novel, simple and reasonable in structure, reliable in usage, good in threshing work quality, and high in production efficiency.