Provided is an improved chlorosulfonated polyethylene production system. A reaction kettle cover is provided with a solvent and initiator feeding pipe with a feeding valve I, a feeding pipe inserted into the bottom of a reaction kettle and provided with a sulfur dioxide feeding valve VII and a chlorine feeding valve VIII, a polyethylene and terminator feeding pipe with a feeding valve III, and a charging pipe with a nitrogen charging valve IV. The top of the reaction kettle provided with a steam jacket is connected with an inlet in the side portion of a condenser I, an outlet in the side portion of the condenser I is connected with the top of a reactor, and a pipeline upper valve II is connected with a treatment and utilization unit of an existing device. An inlet of a hot water pump is connected with a hot water tank, and an outlet of the hot water pump is connected with a condensation kettle through an outlet valve VI on a pipeline of the hot water pump and is connected with the bottom of the reaction kettle with an outlet valve V through an outlet pipe in front of the outlet valve VI of the hot water pump. An outlet in the side portion of the condensation kettle is connected with an inlet pipeline of the hot water pump through a vibrating screen and the hot water tank. The top of the condensation kettle is connected with an inlet in the side portion of a condenser II, and an outlet in the side portion of the condenser II is connected with a recycling pot. The vibrating screen is connected with a single-screw extruder.