The invention provides a novel drilling structure for mineral sampling. The novel drilling structure comprises a power auger bit device (5) for drilling a sample in a slit (10) in a geologic body (1) and a fixed rack (2) for being fixedly installed on the geologic body (1). The upper side of the power auger bit device (5) is fixedly connected with the lower end of a lifting drive external thread part (44), an external thread is arranged on the outer circumferential face of the lifting drive external thread part (44) to be matched with an internal thread in a gear thread part (44) rotationally installed in the fixed rack (2) and driven by a drive gear (43), and an axial stretching sliding groove (40) is formed in the inner circumferential face of the lifting drive external thread part (44) and is matched with a radial stretching part (35) fixedly connected to the lower end of a connecting rod (34) capable of penetrating through an inner cavity of the lifting drive external thread part (44) in an axial sliding and circumferentially fixed mode.