The invention relates to the technical field of glass strengthening, and particularly relates to a method for improving breaking tenacity and strength of aluminum silicate glass. The method includes steps: (1), cutting, edge-grinding, washing, and drying the aluminum silicate glass; (2), putting the aluminum silicate glass after being washed and dried in a high-temperature furnace for annealing treatment; (3), putting the aluminum silicate glass after being annealed in a nitrogen doping furnace for nitrogen doping treatment; (4), putting the aluminum silicate glass after being doped with nitrogen in a chemical strengthening furnace for chemical strengthening; (5), after chemical strengthening is completed, taking the glass out, washing and drying the glass. Nitrogen doping technology is applied in the field of glass surface treatment, so that breaking tenacity of the glass is improved; chemical strengthening technology is combined, so that strength of the glass is improved. The glass prepared by adopting the method is high in breaking tenacity and strength and little in dispersion. The method is simple in process and suitable for industrial production.