The invention provides a winter maintenance method for short-line-matching box girder construction, and belongs to the field of engineering construction. The winter maintenance method includes the step (1) of pouring of a pouring box girder, the step (2) of heat preservation of a top plate of the pouring box girder, the step (3) of moving of the pouring box girder to a matching position to use the pouring box girder as a matching box girder after the strength of the pouring box girder meets requirements, and manufacturing of a new pouring box girder at a pouring position by repeating the steps (1) and (2), the step (4) of heat preservation of the matching box girder, and the step (5) of removing of a heat preservation hood and multiple heat preservation layers on the top plate of the matching box girder after the required temperature in the heat preservation hood is obtained, using of the new pouring box girder as a new matching box girder through the step (3) after the matching box girder reaches the room temperature and is hoisted, and repeating of the steps (4) and (5) to complete winter maintenance of short-line-matching box girder construction. By adopting the technical scheme, shrinkage cracks are not prone to being generated on the surfaces of the box girders, the quality is guaranteed, the box girders are arranged reasonably and simply in the construction maintenance process, and the construction period is shortened.