The invention relates to an in-situ environmentally-friendly heap leaching process of gold-containing tailings. The in-situ environmentally-friendly heap leaching process of the gold-containing tailings is implemented by the following steps: 1) burying liquid injection holes and liquid collecting holes in a tailing pond; 2) paving dripping pipes on the surface of the tailings; 3) adjusting the pHof the tailings by lime or a sodium hydroxide solution; and 4) performing gold leaching by an environmentally-friendly gold leaching agent. the invention provides a process of recovering gold by the gold-containing tailings, so the problems of low permeability and low leaching efficiency in fine-particle tailing heap leaching are effectively solved, the utilization rate of gold ore resources is increased, and the characteristics of simple operation method, capability of saving investment, low production cost, capability of producing on a large scale, environmental friendliness, good economic benefit and the like are achieved.