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    • 8. 发明授权
    • Ratiometric A/D converter with non-rationometric error offset
    • 具有非比例误差偏移的比例A / D转换器
    • US5172115A
    • 1992-12-15
    • US717981
    • 1991-06-21
    • Donald A. KerthDouglas S. Piasecki
    • Donald A. KerthDouglas S. Piasecki
    • H03M1/10G01D3/00H03M1/06H03M1/12H03M3/00H03M3/02
    • H03M1/0621G01D3/00H03M3/324H03M1/1019H03M1/12H03M3/382H03M3/458
    • A ratiometric converter is provided that is comprised of a dual converter system utilizing a first converter (36) and a second converter (38). The second converter (38) is operable to receive the input voltage from a load cell (10) on sense lines (12) and (14) and compare them with an internal reference. Similarly, the first A/D converter (36) is operable to receive the reference voltage to the load cell (10) and compare it with the internal reference. The output of each of the converters (36) and (38) is then input to subtraction circuits (78) and (84), respectively, in the digital domain. In a calibration mode, switches (72) and (73) shorts the reference nodes in the load cell (10) together to determine the non-ratiometric offsets., These offsets are then stored in registers (80) and (86) for the reference voltage and the input voltage, respectively. During operation, the offsets are then input to the subtraction blocks (78) and 84) and a digital subtraction performed on the output of both converters (36) and (38). The output of the subtraction blocks (78) and (84) are then input to a ratiometric operator block (52) to perform a digital division thereon. This results in a ratiometric output that has the non-ratiometric offsets removed. Thereafter, the signal is input to a system calibration block (32) to remove ratiometric errors.
    • 提供了一种比例转换器,其包括利用第一转换器(36)和第二转换器(38)的双转换器系统。 第二转换器(38)可操作以从感测线路(12)和(14)上的测力传感器(10)接收输入电压,并将其与内部参考值进行比较。 类似地,第一A / D转换器(36)可操作以将负载传感器(10)的参考电压接收并与内部参考值进行比较。 然后,转换器(36)和(38)中的每一个的输出分别输入到数字域中的减法电路(78)和(84)。 在校准模式中,开关(72)和(73)将测力传感器(10)中的参考节点一起缩短以确定非比例偏移量,然后将这些偏移量存储在寄存器(80)和(86)中,用于 参考电压和输入电压。 在操作期间,偏移量被输入到减法块(78)和84),并且对两个转换器(36)和(38)的输出进行数字减法。 然后将减法块(78)和(84)的输出输入到比例计算器程序块(52)以对其进行数字分频。 这导致具有非比例偏移量的比例输出。 此后,该信号被输入到系统校准块(32)以消除比例误差。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Voltage limiter apparatus with inherent level shifting employing MOSFETs
    • 具有采用MOSFET的固有电平转换的电压限制器
    • US4945262A
    • 1990-07-31
    • US301926
    • 1989-01-26
    • Douglas S. Piasecki
    • Douglas S. Piasecki
    • H03K3/3565H03K5/00H03K5/13H03K19/003
    • H03K19/00384H03K3/3565H03K5/133H03K2005/0013H03K2005/00195
    • A voltage limiter includes a first FET of a given polarity having the source electrode adapted to be connected to a positive supply terminal. There is a second FET of an opposite polarity to said first and having the source electrode adapted to be connected to a supply terminal which is negative with respect to said positive terminal. The voltage at each terminal may typically vary during operation. There is a voltage clamp means connected between the drain electrodes of said first and second FETs with the gate electrode of the first FET connected to the drain electrode of the second FET and with the gate electrode of the second FET connected to the drain electrode of the first FET, to cause the voltage across said voltage clamping means to remain constant in spite of variations in said positive and negative supplies. The voltage across the drain electrodes of the FETs is further employed as a biasing source for additional logic circuits. An output logic inverter operating with the logic circuits always has its switch point accurately defined with respect to the voltage limiting apparatus. Due to the constant voltage difference provided by the voltage limiter, the propagation delay through the logic circuits is constant with the output inverter having a controlled switching point.
    • 电压限制器包括具有给定极性的第一FET,源极电极适于连接到正电源端子。 存在与所述第一FET相反极性的第二FET,并且源极适于连接到相对于所述正极端子的负极的供电端子。 每个终端处的电压通常可在操作期间变化。 连接在所述第一和第二FET的漏电极之间的电压钳位装置,其中第一FET的栅电极连接到第二FET的漏电极,第二FET的栅电极连接到第二FET的漏电极 第一FET,以使所述电压钳位装置两端的电压保持恒定,尽管所述正电源和负电源的变化。 进一步使用FET的漏电极两端的电压作为附加逻辑电路的偏置源。 与逻辑电路一起工作的输出逻辑逆变器总是将其切换点相对于电压限制装置精确地定义。 由于由限压器提供的恒定电压差,通过逻辑电路的传播延迟是恒定的,输出反相器具有受控的切换点。