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1. 发明授权

US5375600A Ultrasonic frequency-domain system and method for sensing fluid flow 失效
标题翻译：超声频域系统和感应流体流的方法
公开(公告)号：US5375600A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US104309
申请日：1993-08-09
申请人： Hewlett E. Melton, Jr. , King-Wah W. Yeung , Michael Greenstein
发明人： Hewlett E. Melton, Jr. , King-Wah W. Yeung , Michael Greenstein
IPC分类号： A61B8/06 , G01P5/00 , G01P13/00 , G01S15/58
CPC分类号： G01S15/8984 , A61B8/06 , A61B8/488 , G01S15/582
摘要： Pulses of ultrasound are focused in the patient's body to create an interrogation volume where a characteristic of blood flow is to be measured. The bandwidth of the back-scattered Doppler return signal is measured. In order to measure flow velocity independent of direction, the interrogation volume is generated substantially as a sphere in which the range dimension is set equal to the lateral dimensions (azimuth and elevation) of the interrogation signal. The Doppler bandwidth is then scaled to provide a direction-independent measurement of flow velocity. In order to determine the direction of flow, the interrogation volume is generated substantially as an ellipsoid. The long axis of the ellipsoidal interrogation volume is then rotated until the measured Doppler bandwidth is at a minimum, which is reached when the long axis is aligned with the flow direction. The interrogation volume is preferably rotated and translated using differential phasing of the ultrasonic signals from different transducer elements in a two-dimensional array.
摘要翻译：超声波的脉冲聚焦在患者的身体中以产生要测量血流特征的询问体积。测量背散射多普勒返回信号的带宽。为了独立于方向测量流速，询问体积基本上产生为范围尺寸设置为等于询问信号的横向尺寸（方位角和仰角）的球体。然后缩放多普勒带宽以提供流速独立的方向测量。为了确定流动的方向，询问体积基本上产生为椭圆体。然后旋转椭圆询问体积的长轴直到测量的多普勒带宽处于最小值，当长轴与流动方向对准时达到最小。询问体积优选地以二维阵列使用来自不同换能器元件的超声波信号的微分相位来旋转和平移。

2. 发明授权

US5485843A Acoustic arrays and methods for sensing fluid flow 失效
标题翻译：用于感测流体流动的声学阵列和方法
公开(公告)号：US5485843A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-23
申请号：US104510
申请日：1993-08-09
申请人： Michael Greenstein , Hewlett E. Melton, Jr. , King-Wah W. Yeung
发明人： Michael Greenstein , Hewlett E. Melton, Jr. , King-Wah W. Yeung
IPC分类号： A61B8/06 , A61B8/14 , G01P5/00 , G01P5/24 , G01P13/00 , G01S15/89
CPC分类号： G01S15/8922 , G01P5/244 , G01S15/8925 , G01S15/8979
摘要： Piezoelectric elements in a transducer array are individually excited and used to sense the back-scattered signal from fluid flowing within an interrogation volume. The array is preferably a 2-D phased array with a pitch no greater than one-half the acoustic wavelength of the interrogation signal. By activating the transducer elements as a pattern of concentric rings as viewed from a point of interrogation, and by suitable phasing and range-gating of an interrogation signal, a substantially spherical interrogation volume (SIV) is created. The return signal from the SIV provides an isotropic indication of the speed of flow of the fluid. The focussing distance along an interrogation axis can be changed by changing either the size of the aperture created by the pattern of activated elements or their relative phasing. The interrogation direction can be angled off-axis by activating the transducer elements in a pattern of concentric ellipses. The interrogation axis itself may also be moved off-center by translating the pattern of activated elements. By deforming the activation pattern of the transducer elements from concentric rings to concentric ellipses, the long axes of ellipsoidal interrogation volumes (EIV) can be rotated. The back-scattered signals from these rotated ellipsoidal interrogation volumes indicate the direction of fluid flow.
摘要翻译：传感器阵列中的压电元件被单独地激发并用于感测来自在询问体积内流动的流体的反向散射信号。阵列优选地是具有不大于询问信号的声波长的一半的间距的2-D相控阵列。通过将激励换能器元件作为从询问点观察到的同心圆形图案，并且通过询问信号的合适的相位和范围选通，产生基本上为球面的询问体积（SIV）。来自SIV的返回信号提供流体速度的各向同性指示。可以通过改变由激活元件的图案或其相对定相产生的孔的大小来改变沿询问轴的聚焦距离。通过以同心椭圆的图案激活换能器元件，询问方向可以离轴成角度。询问轴本身也可以通过平移激活元件的图案而偏离中心。通过将换能器元件的激活模式从同心环变形为同心椭圆，可以旋转椭圆询问体积（EIV）的长轴。来自这些旋转的椭圆询问体积的反向散射信号指示流体流动的方向。

3. 发明授权

US5373848A Ultrasonic time-domain method for sensing fluid flow 失效
标题翻译：用于检测流体流动的超声时域法
公开(公告)号：US5373848A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-20
申请号：US104514
申请日：1993-08-09
申请人： Hewlett E. Melton, Jr. , King-Wah W. Yeung , Michael Greenstein
发明人： Hewlett E. Melton, Jr. , King-Wah W. Yeung , Michael Greenstein
IPC分类号： A61B8/06 , A61B8/14 , G01P5/00 , G01P13/00 , G01S15/58
CPC分类号： G01S15/8984 , A61B8/06 , G01S15/582
摘要： Pulses of ultrasound are focused in the patient's body to create an interrogation volume where either the magnitude of velocity or the direction of blood flow is to be measured. The strength of the back-scattered signal is measured for each pulse and the mean squared rate of change of the envelope of the range-gated signal is estimated. In order to measure flow velocity independent of direction, the interrogation volume is generated substantially as a sphere by creating an ultrasonic wave envelope in which the components of the mean square spatial gradient are equal in all directions. The estimated mean square rate of change of the envelope of the back-scattered signal is then scaled to provide a direction-independent measurement of flow velocity. In order to determine the direction of flow, the interrogation volume is generated substantially as an ellipsoid. The long axis of the ellipsoidal interrogation volume is then rotated until the measured mean square rate of change of the envelope of the return signal is at a minimum, which is reached when the long axis is aligned with the flow direction. The interrogation volume is preferably rotated and translated using differential phasing of the ultrasonic signals from different transducer elements in a two-dimensional phased array.
摘要翻译：超声波的脉冲聚焦在患者的身体中以产生要测量速度的大小或血流方向的询问体积。对每个脉冲测量反向散射信号的强度，并估计范围门控信号的包络线的平均变化率。为了独立于方向测量流速，通过产生均方根空间梯度的分量在所有方向上相等的超声波包络，基本上产生询问体积。然后对后向散射信号的包络的估计均方根值进行缩放，以提供与流速无关的方向测量。为了确定流动的方向，询问体积基本上产生为椭圆体。然后旋转椭圆询问体积的长轴，直到所测量的返回信号的包络线的均方根变化率处于最小值，当长轴与流动方向对齐时达到最小。询问体积优选地使用来自二维相控阵列中的来自不同换能器元件的超声波信号的微分相位来旋转和平移。

4. 发明授权

US5271402A Turbine drive mechanism for steering ultrasound signals 失效
标题翻译：用于转向超声信号的涡轮驱动机构
公开(公告)号：US5271402A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US892451
申请日：1992-06-02
申请人： King-Wah W. Yeung , J. Fleming Dias
发明人： King-Wah W. Yeung , J. Fleming Dias
IPC分类号： A61B8/12
CPC分类号： A61B8/12 , A61B8/445 , A61B8/4461
摘要： An ultrasound probe includes an ultrasound emitter and a turbine. In one embodiment, the ultrasound emitter is a reflective surface which reflects ultrasound signals generated by a transmitter. The reflective surface reflects the ultrasound signals so that reflected ultrasound signals exit the ultrasound probe. The turbine is connected to the reflecting means. Fluid flowing through the turbine causes the turbine to rotate the reflecting means so that the reflected ultrasound signals sweep an area surrounding the ultrasound probe.
摘要翻译：超声波探头包括超声发射器和涡轮机。在一个实施例中，超声波发射器是反射由发射器产生的超声信号的反射表面。反射表面反射超声信号，使反射超声信号离开超声波探头。涡轮机连接到反射装置。流经涡轮的流体使涡轮旋转反射装置，使得反射的超声波信号扫描超声探头周围的区域。

5. 发明授权

US5235346A Method and apparatus for controlling the temperature of thermal ink jet and thermal printheads that have a heating matrix system 失效
标题翻译：用于控制具有加热矩阵系统的热喷墨和热打印头的温度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5235346A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-10
申请号：US886657
申请日：1992-05-20
申请人： King-Wah W. Yeung
发明人： King-Wah W. Yeung
IPC分类号： B41J2/35 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365
CPC分类号： B41J2/3551 , B41J2/35 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365
摘要： This disclosure presents methods for controlling the temperature of a thermal ink jet and thermal printhead so that the quality of black and white printing, gray-scale printing, and color printing is improved. The methods control the average residual power of the columns of resistors so that the average residual power of an addressed column has a prescribed relationship to the average residual power of an unaddressed column. This is achieved by altering the magnitude of the drive voltages that drive the unaddressed resistors of the printhead matrix or by using nonprinting pulses. Methods for measuring the efficiency of the printhead are also presented.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了用于控制热喷墨和热打印头的温度的方法，使得改善了黑白打印，灰度打印和彩色打印的质量。这些方法控制电阻器列的平均剩余功率，使得寻址列的平均剩余功率与非寻址列的平均剩余功率具有规定的关系。这是通过改变驱动打印头矩阵的未寻址电阻器的驱动电压的大小或通过使用非打印脉冲来实现的。还介绍了测量打印头效率的方法。

6. 发明授权

US5144336A Method and apparatus for controlling the temperature of thermal ink jet and thermal printheads that have a heating matrix system 失效
标题翻译：用于控制具有加热矩阵系统的热喷墨和热打印头的温度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5144336A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-01
申请号：US778029
申请日：1991-10-17
申请人： King-Wah W. Yeung
发明人： King-Wah W. Yeung
IPC分类号： B41J2/01 , B41J2/205 , B41J2/35 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365
CPC分类号： B41J2/35 , B41J2/3551 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365
摘要： This disclosure presents methods for controlling the temperature of a thermal ink jet and thermal printhead so that the quality of black and white printing, gray-scale printing, and color printing is improved. The methods control the average residual power of the columns of resistors so that the average residual power of an addressed column has a prescribed relationship to the average residual powder of an unaddressed column. This is achieved by altering the magnitude of the drive voltage that drive the unaddressed resistors of the printhead matrix or by using nonprinting pulses. Methods for measuring the efficiency of the printhead are also presented.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了用于控制热喷墨和热打印头的温度的方法，使得改善了黑白打印，灰度打印和彩色打印的质量。该方法控制电阻器列的平均剩余功率，使得寻址列的平均剩余功率与未寻址列的平均残留粉末具有规定的关系。这是通过改变驱动打印头矩阵的未寻址电阻的驱动电压的大小或通过使用非打印脉冲来实现的。还介绍了测量打印头效率的方法。

7. 发明授权

US5508826A Method and apparatus for calibrated digital printing using a four by four transformation matrix 失效
标题翻译：使用四乘四变换矩阵校准数字打印的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5508826A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-16
申请号：US53638
申请日：1993-04-27
申请人： William J. Lloyd , John D. Meyer , King-Wah W. Yeung
发明人： William J. Lloyd , John D. Meyer , King-Wah W. Yeung
IPC分类号： B41J2/525 , B41J2/21 , B41M1/14 , H04N1/034 , H04N1/23 , H04N1/60 , H04N1/50 , H04N1/56
CPC分类号： H04N1/6033
摘要： A Self Calibrating Color Printer. The present invention enables color printers to accurately reproduce color images despite variations in ink, paper or the printing system. The calibrated printer includes a movable optical sensor assembly which first calibrates itself by measuring an included known color gamut located within the movement range of the sensor assembly. Once calibrated, the sensor assembly measures a color print test pattern newly printed by a movable color print head of the printer. An analog-to-digital converter transforms electrical signals from the sensor assembly to sensor values in digital form, enabling a printer control processor to process the measured data, thereby producing two look-up tables stored in memory: first, a color correction look-up table which adjusts image color values to account for the ink/paper variations, and second, an error diffusion look-up table which spreads color value errors at a given pixel to its neighbors. Once the printer control processor creates these two look-up tables and, the printer is able to process image data, and control the print head via its associated print head electronics to faithfully reproduce the image onto paper. The moveable sensor and associated gamut and print test pattern of the present invention provide an accurate, inexpensive and durable apparatus for calibrating any digital color printer. The Self Calibrating Color Printer disclosed and claimed in this patent applications provides an advanced, accurate and relatively inexpensive instrument for true reproduction of detailed color images.
摘要翻译：自校准彩色打印机。本发明使得彩色打印机能够准确地再现彩色图像，尽管在墨水，纸张或打印系统中有变化。经校准的打印机包括可移动光学传感器组件，该组件首先通过测量位于传感器组件的移动范围内的包括的已知色域来自行校准。一旦校准，传感器组件测量由打印机的可移动彩色打印头新印刷的彩色印刷测试图案。模拟 - 数字转换器将来自传感器组件的电信号以数字形式转换为传感器值，使打印机控制处理器能够处理测量数据，从而产生存储在存储器中的两个查找表：首先，调整图像颜色值以解决墨水/纸张变化，第二，误差扩散查找表，其将给定像素处的颜色值误差扩展到其邻居。一旦打印机控制处理器创建了这两个查找表，并且打印机能够处理图像数据，并且通过其关联的打印头电子设备来控制打印头，以将图像忠实地再现到纸上。本发明的可移动传感器和相关联的色域和打印测试图案提供了用于校准任何数字彩色打印机的精确，便宜且耐用的设备。在本专利申请中公开和要求保护的自校准彩色打印机提供了用于真实再现详细彩色图像的先进，精确和相对便宜的仪器。

8. 发明授权

US5459498A Ink-cooled thermal ink jet printhead 失效
标题翻译：油墨冷热喷墨打印头
公开(公告)号：US5459498A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US982813
申请日：1992-11-30
申请人： Dana Seccombe , Niels J. Nielsen , May Fong-Ho , King-Wah W. Yeung , Lawrence A. Hand
发明人： Dana Seccombe , Niels J. Nielsen , May Fong-Ho , King-Wah W. Yeung , Lawrence A. Hand
IPC分类号： B41J2/125 , B41J2/05 , B41J2/14 , B41J2/175 , B41J2/21 , B41J2/355 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365 , B41J2/375 , B41J29/377
CPC分类号： B41J2/2128 , B41J2/04528 , B41J2/04563 , B41J2/0458 , B41J2/1408 , B41J2/355 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365 , B41J2/375 , B41J29/377 , B41J2202/08
摘要： An ink-cooled thermal ink jet printhead has an efficient heat exchanger located on the back side of the printhead that eliminates the need for heat sinks. All ink flowing to the firing chamber goes through the heat exchanger. The geometry of the heat exchanger is chosen so that almost all the residual heat absorbed by the printhead substrate is transferred to the ink as it flows to the firing chamber. Additionally, the pressure drop of the ink flowing through the heat exchanger is low enough so that it does not significantly reduce the refill rate of the firing chambers. The heat exchanger can have one or more active heat exchanger sides. The heat exchanger has little thermal mass itself and significantly reduces the thermal mass of printhead by eliminating the need for a heat sink. This reduces the warm-up time of the printhead to a fraction of a second.
摘要翻译：一种墨水冷却的热喷墨打印头具有位于打印头后侧的有效的热交换器，其不需要散热片。所有流入燃烧室的油墨都经过热交换器。选择热交换器的几何形状，使得打印头基板吸收的几乎所有剩余热量在流到喷射室时被转移到墨水中。此外，流经热交换器的墨水的压降足够低，使得它不会显着降低燃烧室的再填充速率。热交换器可以具有一个或多个活性热交换器侧。热交换器本身具有很少的热量，并且通过消除对散热器的需要而显着地降低了打印头的热质量。这将打印头的预热时间减少到几分之一秒。

9. 发明授权

US5168284A Printhead temperature controller that uses nonprinting pulses 失效
标题翻译： PRINTHEAD温度控制器使用非喷墨脉冲
公开(公告)号：US5168284A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-01
申请号：US694185
申请日：1991-05-01
申请人： King-Wah W. Yeung
发明人： King-Wah W. Yeung
IPC分类号： B41J2/125 , B41J2/05 , B41J2/14 , B41J2/21 , B41J2/355 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365 , B41J2/375 , B41J29/377
CPC分类号： B41J2/04528 , B41J2/04563 , B41J2/0458 , B41J2/1408 , B41J2/2128 , B41J2/355 , B41J2/36 , B41J2/365 , B41J2/375 , B41J29/377 , B41J2202/08
摘要： This document discloses a method and apparatus for real-time control of the temperature of thermal ink jet printheads and thermal printheads through the use of nonprinting pulses. A closed-loop system produces nonprinting pulses in response to a difference between a reference temperature signal and a printhead temperature signal produced by a temperature sensor on the printhead so that the printhead operates at a constant elevated temperature. The reference temperature signal can specify an operating temperature anywhere between 10.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. above room temperature. The closed-loop system can have multiple loops with different response times so that complex nonlinear responses to changes in the printhead temperature can be obtained. The open-loop system transmits nonprinting pulses to the printhead for each printing interval that the printer does not eject a drop. Also, this document discloses a method for measuring the energy transfer characteristics of a printhead. This method is used to determine how much energy open-loop nonprinting pulses should transmit within one printing interval to the printhead to prevent fluctuations in the temperature of the printhead caused by variations in the printer output.

10. 发明授权

US5736995A Temperature control of thermal inkjet printheads by using synchronous non-nucleating pulses 失效
标题翻译：使用同步非成核脉冲对热喷墨打印头进行温度控制
公开(公告)号：US5736995A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-07
申请号：US520225
申请日：1995-08-28
申请人： Jaime H. Bohorquez , George H. Corrigan , King-Wah W. Yeung
发明人： Jaime H. Bohorquez , George H. Corrigan , King-Wah W. Yeung
IPC分类号： B41J2/05
CPC分类号： B41J2/04528 , B41J2/04563 , B41J2/0458
摘要： A technique for controlling print quality in an inkjet printer by delivering synchronized heating, non-printing pulses and printing pulses to the ink firing resistors during print firing operations such as during the printing of a swath. A temperature of the printhead substrate is measured and compared against a reference temperature during printing operations. If the measured temperature is below the reference temperature, then the printhead substrate is heated during the printing operations to bring the substrate up to the reference temperature. The heating is done by delivering synchronized heating non-printing pulses and printing pulses to the ink firing resistors during selected print firing periods, wherein either the heating pulses or the printing pulses, but not both, occur during a selected print firing period. The heating pulses are logically OR-ed with the printing pulses to achieve the synchronization.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过在诸如在打印条带期间的打印操作期间通过将同步加热，非打印脉冲和打印脉冲传送到喷墨电阻器来控制喷墨打印机中的打印质量的技术。在打印操作期间测量打印头基板的温度并与参考温度进行比较。如果测量的温度低于参考温度，则打印头基板在打印操作期间被加热，以使基板达到参考温度。加热是通过在所选择的打印发射周期期间将同步的加热非打印脉冲和打印脉冲递送到喷墨电阻器来完成的，其中加热脉冲或打印脉冲，而不是两者都在选定的打印发射周期期间发生。加热脉冲与打印脉冲进行逻辑或运算，以实现同步。

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