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    • 96. 发明授权
    • Nucleoside phosphorothioate derivatives, synthesis and use thereof
    • 核苷硫代磷酸酯衍生物,其合成和用途
    • US5708161A
    • 1998-01-13
    • US590280
    • 1996-01-23
    • Colin Bernard Reese
    • Colin Bernard Reese
    • C07D207/48C07D209/48C07H21/00C07H1/02C07H21/04
    • C07D209/48C07D207/48C07H21/00Y02P20/55
    • Inter alia, a process for the production of a nucleoside phosphorothioate derivative corresponding to the following general formula (I): ##STR1## characterized in that it comprises reacting a salt of a nucleoside H-phosphonate corresponding to the following general formula (II): ##STR2## with a thiol transfer agent corresponding to the following general formula (III): R.sup.2 --S--X (III) in the presence of a silylating agent and a base in a suitable solvent; and working-up the reaction mixture to isolate the desired product and change the counter-cation as desired; wherein M.sup.+ represents a suitable counter-cation; R.sup.1 represents an appropriate nucleoside or nucleoside analogue; R.sup.2 represents a desired protecting group, which may ultimately be removable by cleavage of its bond to the sulfur atom; and X represents a leaving group, is disclosed.
    • 特别地,涉及下列通式(I)的生产核苷硫代磷酸酯衍生物的方法:其特征在于,其包括使对应于下列通式的核苷H-膦酸盐的盐 II):具有对应于以下通式(III)的硫醇转移剂:在适当溶剂中的甲硅烷基化剂和碱存在下的R 2 -SX(III): 并处理反应混合物以分离所需产物并根据需要改变反离子; 其中M +代表合适的抗衡阳离子; R1代表适当的核苷或核苷类似物; R2表示所需的保护基团,其最终可通过其与硫原子的键断裂而除去; 并且X表示离去基团。
    • 98. 发明授权
    • Neural processing devices for handling real-valued inputs
    • 用于处理实值输入的神经处理装置
    • US5475795A
    • 1995-12-12
    • US966028
    • 1992-12-22
    • John G. TaylorDenise GorseTrevor G. Clarkson
    • John G. TaylorDenise GorseTrevor G. Clarkson
    • G06F15/18G06G7/60G06N3/04G06N99/00
    • G06N3/0472
    • A device for use in a neural processing network. The network includes a memory having a plurality of storage locations each having stored a number representing a probability. Each storage location is selectively addressible to cause the contents of the location to be read to an input of a comparator. A noise generator inputs to the comparator a random number representing noise. At an output of the comparator, an output signal appears having a first or second value depending on the values of the numbers received from the addressed storage location and the noise generator. The probability of the output signal has a given one of the first and second values determined by the number at the addressed location. The address inputs for the memory are derived from a real-to-spike frequency translator which has real values as its input vector.
    • PCT No.PCT / GB91 / 01054 Sec。 371日期1992年12月22日 102(e)日期1992年12月22日PCT Filed 1991年6月28日PCT公布。 公开号WO92 / 00573 日期:1992年1月9日。一种用于神经处理网络的装置。 网络包括具有多个存储位置的存储器,每个存储位置都存储代表概率的数字。 每个存储位置是可选地可寻址的,以使位置的内容被读取到比较器的输入。 噪声发生器向比较器输入表示噪声的随机数。 在比较器的输出处,根据从寻址的存储位置和噪声发生器接收的数字的值,出现具有第一或第二值的输出信号。 输出信号的概率具有由寻址位置处的数量确定的第一和第二值中的给定值。 用于存储器的地址输入是从具有真实值作为其输入向量的实际到尖峰频率转换器导出的。