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11. 发明授权

US6161394A Method and apparatus for condensing and subcooling refrigerant 失效
标题翻译：用于冷凝和冷却制冷剂的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6161394A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-19
申请号：US383066
申请日：1995-02-03
申请人： Richard H. Alsenz
发明人： Richard H. Alsenz
IPC分类号： F25B40/02 , F25B49/02 , F25B39/04 , F28B1/00
CPC分类号： F25B49/027 , F25B40/02 , F25B2341/0012 , F25B2400/075 , F25B2400/13 , F25B2400/16 , F25B2400/23 , F25B2500/29 , F25B2600/0253 , F25B2600/111 , F25B2700/04 , F25B2700/19 , Y02B30/741 , Y02B30/743
摘要： This invention provides a refrigeration system which includes in a closed loop connection a compressor for compressing a refrigerant into a condenser for condensing the compressed refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant, a control valve to controlling the discharge of the liquid refrigerant from the condenser into a reservoir, a sensor for measuring the temperature of the liquid refrigerant near the control valve, a fan for circulating air thorough the condenser, a sensor for measuring the ambient temperature of the air flow through the condenser, and an electronic control system to control various functions of the refrigeration system, including the flow of the liquid refrigerant through the condenser as function of the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the temperature of the liquid refrigerant. During operation, a minimal flooding of the condenser is always maintained; i.e., a certain amount of liquid refrigerant is always trapped to thereby subcool the liquid refrigerant before discharging it into the reservoir at all ambient temperatures. The liquid refrigerant flow is decreased when the temperature difference is greater than a predetermined value and is increased when the temperature difference is less than the predetermined value. Further improvements in efficiencies are obtained by controlling air flow through the condenser and compressing refrigerant vapors from the reservoir into the condenser.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种制冷系统，其包括在闭环连接中的压缩机，用于将制冷剂压缩成冷凝器，用于将压缩的制冷剂冷凝成液体制冷剂;控制阀，用于控制液体制冷剂从冷凝器排放到储存器中，用于测量控制阀附近的液体制冷剂的温度的传感器，用于使冷凝器周围的空气循环的风扇，用于测量通过冷凝器的空气流的环境温度的传感器，以及用于控制冷凝器的各种功能的电子控制系统制冷系统，包括通过冷凝器的液体制冷剂的流动，作为环境温度和液体制冷剂的温度之间的温度差的函数。在运行过程中，始终保持冷凝器的最小淹水; 即一定量的液体制冷剂总是被捕获，从而使液体制冷剂在所有环境温度下将其排放到储存器之前过冷却。当温度差大于预定值时，液体制冷剂流量减小，当温度差小于预定值时，液体制冷剂流量增加。通过控制通过冷凝器的空气流并将制冷剂蒸汽从储存器压缩到冷凝器中，可以进一步提高效率。

12. 发明授权

US5958364A Heat exchange apparatus and process 失效
标题翻译：热交换装置和过程
公开(公告)号：US5958364A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US849023
申请日：1997-05-27
申请人： Michael David Dunne , Stephen James O'Nien , Peter William Farnell
发明人： Michael David Dunne , Stephen James O'Nien , Peter William Farnell
IPC分类号： B01J8/06 , C01B3/38 , F28D7/16 , F28F9/06 , F28F27/02 , C01B3/26 , F28B1/00
CPC分类号： F28F9/0275 , B01J8/067 , C01B3/384 , F28D7/16 , F28F9/06 , B01J2208/0007 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2208/00495 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0866 , F28F2265/16 , F28F2265/26
摘要： Heat exchange apparatus and process, particularly heat exchange primary reforming with the primary reformed gas being subjected to partial combustion (and optionally secondary reforming) and the resultant partially combusted gas being used as the heat exchange medium to supply heat required for the primary reforming. The apparatus includes process fluid inlet and outlet zones separated from the heat exchange zone by boundary means such as tube sheets or header pipes. A plurality of heat exchange tubes for a process fluid extending through a heat exchange zone from one of the boundary means and slideably engage at the other boundary means with seal tubes fastened to said other boundary means. The interior of the inner one of the seal tube and its associated heat exchange tube is provided with a constriction of reduced cross-sectional area forming a low pressure region downstream of said constriction, an expansion region of cross-sectional area greater than that of the constriction downstream of said constriction, and one or more passages through the wall of that inner tube connecting said low pressure region to the exterior of the inner tube. The passages are located within the overlapping region of the seal tube and heat exchange tube so as to provide a leakage flow path for heat exchange medium from the heat exchange zone through the overlapping region and said passages, into the low pressure region.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB96 / 01812 Sec。 371日期：1997年5月27日 102（e）日期1997年5月27日PCT提交1996年7月29日PCT公布。公开号WO97 / 05947 日期1997年2月20日换热装置和方法，特别是与一次重整气体进行部分燃烧（和任选地二次重整）的热交换一次重整，并且所得到的部分燃烧气体用作热交换介质，以提供所需的热量初级改革。该装置包括通过诸如管板或集管的边界装置与热交换区分离的工艺流体入口和出口区域。多个热交换管，用于从一个边界装置延伸穿过热交换区的工艺流体，并且在另一个边界装置处可滑动地与固定到所述另一个边界装置的密封管接合。密封管及其相关联的热交换管的内部的内部设置有减小的横截面积的收缩部，形成在所述收缩部的下游的低压区域，横截面积的膨胀区域大于在所述收缩部的下游收缩，以及穿过将所述低压区域连接到内管的外部的内管的壁的一个或多个通道。通道位于密封管和热交换管的重叠区域内，从而将热交换介质的热交换介质通过重叠区域和所述通道提供到低压区域。

13. 发明授权

US5899266A Process for reducing pressure within a liquid filled container 失效
标题翻译：用于减少液体填充容器内的压力的方法
公开(公告)号：US5899266A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-04
申请号：US966259
申请日：1997-11-07
申请人： Lajos Szucs
发明人： Lajos Szucs
IPC分类号： F01P11/02 , F28F9/02 , F28B1/00
CPC分类号： F28F9/0231 , F01P11/029 , F01P2060/18
摘要： A process for reducing the pressure buildup in an automobile radiator which contains a bottom section, a radiator header, a multiplicity of tubes extending between the bottom section and the radiator header, and a heat expansion chamber disposed at least about 0.5 inches above the radiator header and connected to the radiator header by a conduit. In this process, hot fluid containing antifreeze at a temperature of at least about 200 degrees Fahrenheit is flowed through the radiator tube; but hot fluid flow into the heat expansion chamber is prevented. The heat expansion chamber is made from a material with a resistivity at 20 degrees Centigrade greater than about 6 microhoms-centimeters; and the material within the heat expansion chamber has a resistivity at 20 degrees Centigrade of from about 6 to about 40 microhms-centimeters.
摘要翻译：一种用于减小汽车散热器中的压力累积的方法，其包含底部，散热器集管，在底部部分和散热器集管之间延伸的多个管，以及设置在散热器集管上方至少约0.5英寸处的热膨胀室并通过导管连接到散热器集管。在该方法中，在至少约200华氏度的温度下含有防冻剂的热流体流过散热器管; 但是防止热流体进入热膨胀室。热膨胀室由电阻率在20摄氏度以上大于约6微欧厘米的材料制成; 并且热膨胀室内的材料的电阻率为约6至约40微·厘米·厘米的20摄氏度。

14. 发明授权

US4699209A Heat exchanger design for cryogenic reboiler or condenser service 失效
标题翻译：低温再沸器或冷凝器服务的换热器设计
公开(公告)号：US4699209A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-13
申请号：US844917
申请日：1986-03-27
申请人： Robert M. Thorogood
发明人： Robert M. Thorogood
IPC分类号： F25J3/00 , F25J3/04 , F28D9/00 , F28B1/00
CPC分类号： F25J5/002 , F25J3/04412 , F28D9/0068 , F25J2250/02 , F25J2290/32 , F25J2290/44 , F28D2021/0033
摘要： The present invention is directed to a heat exchanger for reboiler or condenser service in a cryogenic distillation column (e.g. air separation) or other service in which small temperature differences between clean fluids are a primary objective. The exchanger comprises a stack of corrugated sheets having corrugations generally parallel to the diagonal between opposite corners of a sheet assembled with each sheet on an opposed diagonal to that of its neighbor, which provides for alternating condensing and boiling passages. These passages because of their configuration have increased primary heat transfer surfaces resulting in reduced temperature differences in the exchanger. Special edge configurations control boiling and condensing fluid flow patterns to maximize the heat transfer performance. Optionally, the heat exchanger can have an enhanced boiling surface applied to the boiling channel surface.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于在低温蒸馏塔（例如空气分离）中的再沸器或冷凝器服务的热交换器或其中清洁流体之间的小温差是主要目的的其它服务。交换器包括一叠波纹片，其波纹通常平行于与每个片组成的片的相对角之间的对角线，该片与相邻的相对的对角线组装，其提供交替的冷凝和沸腾通道。这些通道由于其构型而增加了一次传热表面，导致交换器中的温度差降低。特殊边缘配置控制沸腾和冷凝流体流动模式，以最大限度地提高传热性能。任选地，热交换器可以具有施加到沸腾通道表面的增强的沸腾表面。

15. 发明授权

US4669530A Heat exchanger method and apparatus 失效
公开(公告)号：US4669530A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-02
申请号：US810557
申请日：1985-12-19
申请人： Donald F. Warner
发明人： Donald F. Warner
IPC分类号： B01D53/00 , B01D53/50 , F23J15/06 , F28D7/08 , F28D7/16 , F28D21/00 , F28F9/013 , F28F19/04 , F28F13/18 , F28B1/00
CPC分类号： F28D21/001 , B01D53/002 , B01D53/507 , F23J15/06 , F28D7/08 , F28D7/085 , F28D7/1623 , F28F19/04 , F28F9/0131 , Y02E20/363 , Y10S165/909
摘要： An exhaust gas containing sulfur trioxide is passed through a first heat exchanger which cools the gas to a temperature which is above the sulfur trioxide dewpoint, so that condensation of sulfur trioxide does not occur in the first heat exchanger, but below a material limit operating temperature of a second heat exchanger, which further cools the gas below the sulfur trioxide dewpoint, whereby the first heat exchanger is protected against corrosion and the second heat exchanger is protected against thermal damage.

16. 发明授权

US4557113A Single low pressure turbine with zoned condenser 失效
标题翻译：单低压汽轮机，带分区冷凝器
公开(公告)号：US4557113A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-10
申请号：US621323
申请日：1984-06-15
申请人： George J. Silvestri, Jr. , Joseph Davids
发明人： George J. Silvestri, Jr. , Joseph Davids
IPC分类号： F01K9/00 , F01D1/04 , F01D25/30 , F01K11/02 , F28B1/00 , F28B7/00
CPC分类号： F01K11/02
摘要： A low pressure double flow stream turbine is connected to a condenser and partition plates are disposed within the condenser and turbine to flow to two separate chambers and cooling water flows in series through tubes in the separate chambers producing different back pressures, the last row of rotating blades which discharge into the lower pressure chamber are longer than the last row of blades which discharge into the higher pressure chamber resulting in an improvement in the heat rate of the turbine.
摘要翻译：低压双流流涡轮机连接到冷凝器，隔板设置在冷凝器和涡轮机内，以分流到两个独立的室，并且冷却水通过分离室中的管串联连通，产生不同的背压，最后一排旋转排放到较低压力室中的叶片比排入高压室的最后一排叶片长，导致涡轮机的热量提高。

17. 发明授权

US4517805A Vacuum producing condenser 失效
公开(公告)号：US4517805A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-21
申请号：US611612
申请日：1984-05-18
申请人： Walter Kals
发明人： Walter Kals
IPC分类号： F28B1/00 , F28B9/10 , F28D5/02 , F01K19/10
CPC分类号： F28B9/10 , F28B1/00 , F28D5/02
摘要： An air cooled vacuum producing condenser is disclosed for condensing vapors containing non-condensible gases, i.e. air. The condenser includes a condenser chamber with a bundle of condenser tubes across the chamber. Inlet and outlet headers are disposed at opposite ends of the chamber. Water is directed downwardly onto the bundle of condenser tubes, and air is discharged from the interior of the chamber to create a downward flow of air through the chamber across the bundle of condenser tubes.

18. 发明授权

US4513813A Air-cooled steam condenser 失效
标题翻译：风冷式蒸汽冷凝器
公开(公告)号：US4513813A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-30
申请号：US344634
申请日：1982-02-01
申请人： Alessandro Zanobini
发明人： Alessandro Zanobini
IPC分类号： F28B1/06 , F28D7/08 , F28B1/00 , F24B1/06 , F28B3/00 , F28B9/10
CPC分类号： F28B1/06 , F28D7/08 , F28D7/085 , Y10S165/222 , Y10S165/90
摘要： In an air-cooled steam condenser (2, 2'), each tube of a bundle (8, 8') of finned heat exchange tubes, arranged parallel to each other and horizontally, and connecting a steam dispensing manifold (4, 4') to an outlet manifold (5, 5'), is in the form of a coil including three finned elements (12, 13, 14) which are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other in consecutive rows relative to the direction of the cooling air flow (11, 11'), and which are connected together by two elbow fittings (15, 16) positioned at an angle with a positive slope so as to facilitate the drainage of the condensate.
摘要翻译：在空气冷却的蒸汽冷凝器（2,2'）中，翅片式热交换管的束（8,8'）的每个管彼此平行地并且水平地布置，并且连接蒸汽分配歧管（4,4' ）到出口歧管（5,5'）的线圈形式是包括三个翅片元件（12,13,14）的线圈形式，它们相对于冷却空气的方向在水平方向和相对平行的方向流动（11,11'），并且通过与正斜面成一定角度的两个弯头配件（15,16）连接在一起，以便于冷凝物的排放。

19. 发明授权

US4274481A Dry cooling tower with water augmentation 失效
标题翻译：干燥冷却塔与水增加
公开(公告)号：US4274481A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-23
申请号：US86750
申请日：1979-10-22
申请人： Robert G. Ireland , Vernon N. Tramontini
发明人： Robert G. Ireland , Vernon N. Tramontini
IPC分类号： F28B1/00 , F28B9/06 , F28D9/00 , F28D21/00 , F28F9/02
CPC分类号： F28D9/0093 , F28B1/00 , F28B9/06 , F28D9/0068 , F28C2001/006 , Y10S165/90
摘要： An air cooling tower system for condensing exhaust steam in power plants, that has water cooling augmentation to maintain the plant cooling capacity during high atmospheric temperature periods. The cooling tower includes a plurality of banks of brazed aluminum plate and fin type heat exchangers arranged in inverted "V" shaped sets. These heat exchangers cool ammonia used as the cooling fluid in the primary condenser for the power plant turbine exhaust steam. Each of these heat exchangers has a core consisting of a plurality of parallel aluminum plates spaced apart by fin assemblies that define a plurality of fluid passes. Approximately every other one of these passes has closed sides that open at the ends of the core to headers and define ammonia passes. The passes adjacent the ammonia passes are open at the sides and define air passes that permit the free flow of air transversely through the heat exchanger cores. An additional pass is provided adjacent every fourth one of the ammonia passes and these have closed sides and ends and define the passes for the cooling water. The water passes communicate at the bottom of the core with a water inlet manifold and at the top of the core with a water outlet manifold.The cooling tower system is designed so that at 55 degrees Fahrenheit air temperatures or below, the cooling air alone will provide the necessary cooling for the ammonia to satisfy plant requirements. Above 55 degrees Fahrenheit air temperature, cooling water from a separate water tank is pumped through the water passes to provide an additional cooling effect to maintain the design cooling capacity.
摘要翻译：一种用于冷凝发电厂废气蒸汽的空气冷却塔系统，其具有水冷却增加，以在高温大气温度期间保持设备冷却能力。冷却塔包括排列成倒置“V”形集合体的多组钎焊铝板和翅片式热交换器。这些热交换器将氨用作发电厂涡轮排气蒸汽的主冷凝器中的冷却流体。这些热交换器中的每一个具有由多个平行的铝板组成的芯，所述平行铝板由限定多个流体通道的翅片组件隔开。这些通路中的每一个其他的一个通路都具有封闭的侧面，该侧面在芯部的端部处开放到集管并限定氨通道。邻近氨通道的通道在侧面是敞开的，并且限定允许横向穿过热交换器芯部的空气自由流动的空气通道。在每四分之一氨通道附近提供附加通道，并且它们具有封闭的侧面和端部并且限定冷却水的通道。水通过进水歧管在核心的底部通过，并且具有出水歧管在芯的顶部。冷却塔系统设计成在55华氏度的空气温度或以下，单独的冷却空气将为氨提供必要的冷却以满足工厂的要求。高于55华氏度的空气温度，来自单独水箱的冷却水通过水通道被泵送，以提供额外的冷却效果来保持设计冷却能力。

20. 发明授权

US4193443A Heat exchanger for cooling system compressed air dehumidifiers 失效
标题翻译：冷却系统热交换器压缩空气除湿机
公开(公告)号：US4193443A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-18
申请号：US932323
申请日：1978-08-09
申请人： Kazuyuki Nanaumi , Koji Baba
发明人： Kazuyuki Nanaumi , Koji Baba
IPC分类号： B01D53/26 , F28B1/02 , F28D7/00 , F28D7/08 , F28B1/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/265 , F28B1/02 , F28D7/0066 , F28D7/0083 , F28D7/08 , F28D7/087
摘要： A heat exchanger for cooling system compressed air dehumidifiers includes an inner body forming a dehumidifying passage provided with a cooler, an outer body surrounding the inner body and forming a precooling passage along the outer periphery of the inner body, an air supply port opened in the outer body through which compressed air is led into the precooling passage from one end thereof, a communicating hole opened in the inner body to guide the air led into the precooling passage out through its other end into the dehumidifying passage through one end thereof, and a plurality of heat transmitting pipes extending through the precooling passage in order to form an air-flow passage which guides the compressed air out of the other end of the dehumidifying passage to an air discharge port provided in the outer body. The heat of the compressed air in the air-flow passage which has been cooled and dehumidified in the dehumidifying passage and is flowing towards the air discharge port is exchanged with that of the compressed air of relatively high temperature in the precooling passage flowing from the air supply port towards the dehumidifying passage. In this manner, the heat exchanger simultaneously precools the compressed air to be dehumidified and heats already dehumidified compressed air. Further, by maintaining the outer body which forms the outer surface of the heat exchanger at a relatively high temperature dewdrops on the surface are prevented from forming.
摘要翻译：用于冷却系统的热交换器的压缩空气除湿器包括形成设置有冷却器的除湿通道的内部主体，围绕内部主体的外部主体并沿着内部主体的外周形成预冷却通道，压缩空气从其一端引入预冷却通道的外部本体，连通孔，其在内部主体中开口，以将从其另一端引入预冷却通道的空气引导到通过其一端的除湿通道中，多个传热管延伸穿过预冷通道，以便形成将压缩空气从除湿通道的另一端引出到设置在外体中的排气口的空气流动通道。已经在除湿通道中被冷却和除湿并且朝向排气口流动的空气流动通道中的压缩空气的热量与从空气流出的预冷却通道中的相对高温的压缩空气的热量相互交换供应口朝向除湿通道。以这种方式，热交换器同时预先压缩被除湿的压缩空气并加热已经除湿的压缩空气。此外，通过将形成热交换器的外表面的外体保持在相对高的温度，防止表面上的露珠形成。

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