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31. 发明授权

US08068826B2 Method and apparatus for controlling transmit power and incumbent protection in a cognitive radio system 有权
标题翻译：用于在认知无线电系统中控制发射功率和现有保护的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08068826B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-29
申请号：US12024311
申请日：2008-02-01
申请人： Stephen L. Kuffner , Lawrence M. Ecklund , David P. Gurney
发明人： Stephen L. Kuffner , Lawrence M. Ecklund , David P. Gurney
IPC分类号： H04B17/00 , H04B7/00 , H04W24/00
CPC分类号： H04W52/30 , H04W16/14 , H04W52/243
摘要： A cognitive radio (CR) device (208 and/or 218) avoids interference with an incumbent (207) receiver by determining maximum allowed transmit power levels of the CR device based on estimates of the incumbent signal level and transmit splatter levels of the CR device. The CR device (208 and/or 218) avoids interference with the incumbent receiver while transmitting with maximum transmit power levels.
摘要翻译：认知无线电（CR）设备（208和/或218）通过基于现有信号电平的估计和CR设备的发射分散电平来确定CR设备的最大允许发射功率电平来避免对现有（207）接收机的干扰。 CR设备（208和/或218）在以最大发射功率电平发送的同时避免对现有接收机的干扰。

32. 发明授权

US5050237A Radio receiver having automatic bandwidth control during tuning 失效
标题翻译：在调谐期间具有自动带宽控制的无线电接收机
公开(公告)号：US5050237A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-17
申请号：US415372
申请日：1989-09-27
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H03G5/24 , H04B1/10
CPC分类号： H03G5/24 , H04B1/1027 , H04B2001/1054
摘要： In this radio receiver, the charge on a capacitor (14) controls the bandwidth of filters in the receiver's audio circuits. When tuning the radio, a bandwidth control circuit (13) forces this capacitor (14) to discharge, thereby forcing the audio path to be bandwidth restricted, thereby minimizing interstation noise reproduction.
摘要翻译：在这种无线电接收机中，电容器（14）上的电荷控制接收机的音频电路中的滤波器的带宽。当对无线电进行调谐时，带宽控制电路（13）迫使该电容器（14）放电，从而迫使音频路径受到带宽的限制，从而最小化了室间噪声再现。

33. 发明授权

US4782532A Automatic IF tangent lock control circuit 失效
标题翻译：自动IF切线锁控制电路
公开(公告)号：US4782532A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-01
申请号：US38563
申请日：1987-04-15
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H03J7/18 , H03D1/22 , H03J7/02 , H03J7/10 , H04B1/26 , H04H5/00
CPC分类号： H03J7/10 , H03D1/2236
摘要： An improved radio receiver that maintains a stable predetermined IF frequency upon receipt of input carrier signals of differing frequencies. The IF signal (14) is processed through a signal demodulation unit (16) that includes a tangent processing unit (22) to yield a control signal that varies as a tangent function of both the demodulated IF signal and a reference signal from a reference oscillator (17). This control signal is used to control the frequency and phase of a reference signal (26) used by the IF stage (12) to center the IF signal with respect to the IF stage characteristics.
摘要翻译：一种改进的无线电接收机，其在接收到不同频率的输入载波信号时保持稳定的预定IF频率。 IF信号（14）通过包括切线处理单元（22）的信号解调单元（16）进行处理，以产生作为解调的IF信号和来自基准振荡器的参考信号的切线函数而变化的控制信号（17）。该控制信号用于控制由IF级（12）使用的参考信号（26）的频率和相位，以使IF信号相对于IF级特性居中。

34. 发明授权

US4691175A Adaptive phase locked loop having a variable locking rate 失效
标题翻译：具有可变锁定速率的自适应锁相环
公开(公告)号：US4691175A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-01
申请号：US797735
申请日：1985-11-14
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H04H20/88 , H03L7/06 , H03L7/087 , H03L7/095 , H03L7/10
CPC分类号： H03L7/087 , Y10S331/02
摘要： An adaptive phase locked loop being particularly useful with low frequency input signals, the adaptive phase locked loop including a phase comparison unit (12) for comparing a component of the input signal with the reference signal having an average phase, a polarity detection unit (14) for providing a polarity indication signal dependent upon the polarity of the output signal, and a reference signal unit (13) for providing a reference signal having an average phase to the phase comparison unit (12). In response to the polarity indication signal, the reference signal unit (13) can vary the rate at which the average phase of the reference signal can be changed at either of two rates, with the first rate representing a relatively slow rate and the second rate representing a relatively fast rate. The device (10) also includes a reset unit (16) that also responds to the polarity indication signal to reset and reinitialize the reference signal unit (13) in response to a preselected phase comparison unit output polarity.
摘要翻译：自适应锁相环对于低频输入信号特别有用，所述自适应锁相环包括用于将输入信号的分量与具有平均相位的参考信号进行比较的相位比较单元（12），极性检测单元（14）），用于提供取决于输出信号的极性的极性指示信号，以及用于向相位比较单元（12）提供具有平均相位的参考信号的参考信号单元（13）。响应于极性指示信号，参考信号单元（13）可以改变参考信号的平均相位可以以两种速率中的任一个改变的速率，其中第一速率表示相对慢的速率，第二速率代表相对较快的速度。设备（10）还包括复位单元（16），其响应于预选相位比较单元输出极性，还响应于极性指示信号来复位和重新初始化参考信号单元（13）。

35. 发明授权

US4688254A Controlled blend for AM stereo receivers 失效
标题翻译： AM立体声接收机的控制混音
公开(公告)号：US4688254A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US846775
申请日：1986-04-01
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H04H1/00 , H04H20/49 , H04H5/00
CPC分类号： H04H20/49
摘要： A control circuit in an AM stereophonic receiver examines a detected signal for occurrences of overmodulation and, when a first given level of overmodulation is reached, begins to turn down the correction signal used in the demodulation and, if overmodulation continues, would eventually eliminate the correction signal. At a second given level of overmodulation, the circuit will begin to attenuate the stereo difference signal from the receiver output and eventually eliminate it. When the overmodulation is reduced, operating conditions return toward normal.
摘要翻译： AM立体声接收机中的控制电路检查用于出现过调制的检测信号，并且当达到第一给定电平的过调制时，开始降低在解调中使用的校正信号，并且如果继续过调制将最终消除校正信号。在第二给定的过调制电平时，电路将开始衰减来自接收器输出的立体声差分信号，并最终消除它。当过调制减少时，操作条件恢复正常。

36. 发明授权

US4680795A Dual purpose variable Q filter 失效
标题翻译：双用途变量Q滤波器
公开(公告)号：US4680795A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US812687
申请日：1985-12-23
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H03H11/04 , H03H11/12 , H04B1/10 , H04H1/00 , H04H20/49 , H04H5/00
CPC分类号： H04H20/49 , H03H11/1291
摘要： A variable Q filter network in an AM stereophonic receiver provides elimination of any adjacent channel carrier interference while providing the function of a tone control, either automatic or manually controlled. Parts count and costs, IC pinouts and the possibility of intermodulation are all reduced.
摘要翻译： AM立体声接收机中的可变Q滤波器网络提供消除任何相邻信道载波干扰，同时提供自动或手动控制的音调控制的功能。零件数量和成本，IC引脚分配和互调的可能性都减少了。

37. 发明授权

US4618981A Tone detector with pseudo phase locked loop 失效
标题翻译：具有伪锁相环的音频检测器
公开(公告)号：US4618981A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-21
申请号：US706583
申请日：1985-02-28
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H04L27/00 , G01R23/15 , H03D3/00 , H04H1/00 , H04H20/49 , H04H5/00
CPC分类号： H04H20/49 , G01R23/15 , H03D3/00
摘要： The tone detector provides accurate detection of a single predetermined tone frequency within a mixture of frequencies, utilizing a carrier signal source at a relatively high frequency. The high frequency signal is divided down to two frequencies, one just above and one just below the tone. The divider output is then maintained at the frequency of the tone by continuously adjusting the divisor number between the two divisor values. Multiplying the received signal or a portion thereof by the divider output provides a detect signal when the tone is present in the received signal with sufficient amplitude.
摘要翻译：音调检测器利用相对较高频率的载波信号源来提供频率混合内的单个预定音调频率的精确检测。高频信号被分为两个频率，一个刚刚在上面，一个刚好在音调之下。然后通过连续调整两个除数值之间的除数，将除法器输出保持在音调的频率。当接收到的信号或其一部分乘以分频器输出时，当音频以足够的幅度存在于接收信号中时，提供检测信号。

38. 发明授权

US4580284A Pilot tone cancelling circuit for AM stereo decoder 失效
标题翻译： AM立体声解码器的导频消除电路
公开(公告)号：US4580284A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-01
申请号：US621283
申请日：1984-06-15
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund , Charles J. Marik
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund , Charles J. Marik
IPC分类号： H04H1/00 , H04H20/49 , H04H5/00
CPC分类号： H04H20/49
摘要： In an AM stereo system wherein a low frequency pilot tone is added to the difference channel signal before modulation of the carrier, "image shifting" and audio distortion in a receiver, due to residual pilot tone signal, are removed by separating out a portion of the pilot tone after it has been filtered and phase shifed for enabling the stereo mode of operation. The separated signal is then inverted and delayed appropriately for each of the PLL and audio circuits.
摘要翻译：在AM调制立体声系统中，其中在调制载波之前将低频导频信号加到差分信道信号上，由于残余导频音信号，接收机中的“图像移位”和音频失真被分离出一部分经过滤波和相位移后的导频音使得立体声操作模式成为可能。然后对于每个PLL和音频电路，分离的信号被反相和适当地延迟。

39. 发明授权

US4405837A Tone detector circuit 失效
标题翻译：音频检测电路
公开(公告)号：US4405837A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US218878
申请日：1980-12-22
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H04L27/00 , H04B5/00 , H04H1/00 , H04H20/49 , H04H20/88 , H04Q9/10 , H04H5/00
CPC分类号： H04H20/49
摘要： A low frequency tone detector filters out higher frequencies, then a latching circuit locks on when a given number of low frequency cycles are detected which have at least a predetermined peak amplitude. Thereafter, only a second given number of missing or low amplitude cycles will reset the latch. The circuit is particularly suited to use with AM stereophonic signals where a low frequency tone is added to the difference channel for providing mono/stereo indication and mode switching. The circuit can also provide an early detect for use by a scanning circuit in a receiver.
摘要翻译：低频音检测器滤除较高频率，然后当检测到具有至少预定峰值振幅的给定数量的低频周期时，锁存电路锁定。此后，只有第二个给定数量的丢失或低幅度周期将复位锁存器。该电路特别适用于AM立体声信号，其中将低频音调添加到差分通道以提供单声道/立体声指示和模式切换。电路还可以提供早期检测以供接收机中的扫描电路使用。

40. 发明授权

US4392254A Mechanical tuner with microphonics elimination circuitry 失效
标题翻译：机械式调谐器，具有麦克风消除电路
公开(公告)号：US4392254A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-05
申请号：US191970
申请日：1980-09-29
申请人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
发明人： Lawrence M. Ecklund
IPC分类号： H04B1/26 , H03J7/00 , H03J7/02 , H03J7/06 , H04B1/10
CPC分类号： H03J7/023
摘要： A mechanical radio receiver tuner with microphonics elimination circuitry is disclosed. During a mechanical tuning mode, the mechanical position of a movable tuning element provides an associated adjustable reactance which determines a control voltage for controlling the output of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that serves as the local oscillator for a superheterodyne radio receiver. After initially selecting a channel frequency by adjusting the output of the VCO with the mechanically movable tuning element in the tuning mode, a switch means disconnects the movable tuning element from operative control of the local oscillator frequency and implements a locked tuning mode by providing the VCO with a control voltage related to the difference between the frequency of the output signal of a mixer stage and the center frequency of a fixed tuned narrow passband IF stage that follows the mixer. Preferably, this control voltage for the locked tuning mode is provided by a phase locked loop. When substantial changes in the reactance provided by the movable tuning element are sensed, the switching circuit reimplements the tuning mode so that the position of the mechanically movable element will once again control the output of the local oscillator. In this manner, minor changes in the mechanical position of the movable tuning element during the locked tuning mode have no effect on receiver tuning and therefore microphonics are substantially eliminated.
摘要翻译：公开了一种具有麦克风消除电路的机械无线电接收机调谐器。在机械调谐模式期间，可移动调谐元件的机械位置提供相关联的可调电抗，其确定用于控制用作超外差无线电接收机的本地振荡器的压控振荡器（VCO）的输出的控制电压。在调谐模式中通过调节具有机械移动调谐元件的VCO的输出来初始选择通道频率之后，开关装置将可移动调谐元件与本地振荡器频率的操作控制断开，并通过提供VCO来实现锁定调谐模式具有与混频器级的输出信号的频率和混频器之后的固定调谐的窄通带IF级的中心频率之间的差有关的控制电压。优选地，用于锁定调谐模式的该控制电压由锁相环提供。当检测到由可移动调谐元件提供的电抗的实质变化时，开关电路重新实现调谐模式，使得机械可移动元件的位置将再次控制本地振荡器的输出。以这种方式，在锁定调谐模式期间可移动调谐元件的机械位置的微小变化对接收器调谐没有影响，因此基本上消除了麦克风。

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