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31. 发明授权

US06522822B2 Strongly confined polarization-independent single-mode optical ridge waveguide 失效
标题翻译：强烈的偏振无关单模光脊波导
公开(公告)号：US06522822B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09789447
申请日：2001-02-20
申请人： Wei-Ping Huang , Chenglin Xu , Mee Koy Chin , Yi Liang , Xun Li
发明人： Wei-Ping Huang , Chenglin Xu , Mee Koy Chin , Yi Liang , Xun Li
IPC分类号： G02B610
CPC分类号： G02B6/125 , G02B2006/12078 , G02B2006/12097 , G02B2006/12119 , G02B2006/12176
摘要： A strongly confined ridge waveguide that provides substantially reduced polarization sensitivity, without significant compromise for other waveguide characteristics such as, for example, single-mode condition, and low propagation and bending losses for the fundamental mode. The present invention considers waveguide material composition and thickness for guiding and cladding layers, bend radius, ridge width and etch depth at which the modal indices of the fundamental TE and TM modes are equal. With those parameters, the losses (e.g., the imaginary parts of the modal indices) of the fundamental and first-order modes may be calculated. By considering the previously mentioned criteria, a low-loss, single-mode ridge waveguide may be constructed in accordance with the present invention having losses of the fundamental modes in the range of less than approximately 1.0 dB/mm, and losses of higher-order modes in the range of greater than approximately 10 dB/mm (thus providing a loss difference of at least approximately 10 dB/mm).
摘要翻译：强限制的脊形波导，其提供显着降低的偏振灵敏度，而不对其他波导特性（例如单模状态）以及对于基模的低传播和弯曲损耗的显着损害。本发明考虑了用于引导和覆盖层的波导材料组成和厚度，基本TE和TM模式的模态指数相等的弯曲半径，脊宽度和蚀刻深度。利用这些参数，可以计算基本和一阶模式的损耗（例如，模态指数的虚部）。通过考虑上述标准，可以根据本发明构造低损耗单模脊波导，其具有在小于约1.0dB / mm的范围内的基模的损耗，并且高阶损耗在大于10dB / mm的范围内（因此提供至少约10dB / mm的损耗差）的模式。

32. 发明授权

US06462863B1 System and method for resolving polarization mode dispersion in optical fibers 有权
标题翻译：用于解决光纤中偏振模色散的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06462863B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-08
申请号：US09901617
申请日：2001-07-11
申请人： Ahmad K. Atieh , Yi Liang , Shane H. Woodside
发明人： Ahmad K. Atieh , Yi Liang , Shane H. Woodside
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： G01M11/3181
摘要： A system and method for resolving polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in a span of optical fiber is described. The method involves three main stages: (1) launch two co-polarized optical signals to generate respective four-wave mixing product fields at the Stokes wavelength &lgr;S or the anti-Stokes wavelength &lgr;A sequentially in each part of the fiber to calculate chromatic dispersion; (2) repeatedly launch two optical signals at various states of polarization (SOP) using methods of stage (1) to calculate overall dispersion (i.e., a combination of chromatic dispersion and PMD); and (3) resolve from the overall dispersion calculated at stage (2) the PMD based on the known chromatic dispersion calculated at stage (1). In an ideal case, the PMD can be calculated from two separate measurements at different co-polarized states of polarization, where group velocity is calculated from a measured dispersion map, as a function of wavelength, at the SOPs and the difference is calculated to resolve PMD.
摘要翻译：描述了用于解决光纤跨距偏振模色散（PMD）的系统和方法。该方法涉及三个主要阶段：（1）发射两个共偏振光信号，以在光纤的每个部分中顺序地在斯托克斯波长lambdS或反斯托克斯波长lambdA上产生相应的四波混频产品场，以计算色散; （2）使用阶段（1）的方法重复地以各种偏振态（SOP）发射两个光信号，以计算总体色散（即色散和PMD的组合）; 和（3）根据在阶段（1）计算出的已知色散从PM阶段（2）计算出的总体色散求解。在理想的情况下，PMD可以通过两个独立的测量在不同的共极化极化状态下计算，其中组速度是根据测量的色散图计算的，作为SOP的波长的函数，并且计算差异来解析 PMD。

33. 发明授权

US5183891A Method for the preparation of substituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-cinnoline-3-carboxylic acid, esters and salts thereof, and intermediates used in their preparation 失效
标题翻译：制备取代的1,4-二氢-4-氧代 - 噌啉-3-羧酸的方法，其酯和盐及其制备中使用的方法
公开(公告)号：US5183891A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US434077
申请日：1989-11-09
申请人： Jeffrey Labovitz , William J. Guilford , Lawrence Fang , Yi Liang
发明人： Jeffrey Labovitz , William J. Guilford , Lawrence Fang , Yi Liang
IPC分类号： C07D237/28
CPC分类号： C07D237/28
摘要： A method for the preparation of compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents a group of the formula OR.sub.1 or NR.sub.1 R.sub.2, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represent H or an organic group that forms a stable covalent bond with the N or O of said X; Y is H or an organic group that forms a stable ester with the adjacent COO group; R is an alkyl or aryl group optionally substituted with one or more stable organic substituents; each R.sub.3 independently represents a stable organic group; and n is an integer from 0 to 3;the method using new intermediates of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 and Y have the foregoing meanings; W is either F or Cl;and R.sub.9 is a hydrocarbon such as a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or alkenyl group.
摘要翻译：制备式（I）的化合物的方法，其中X表示式OR1或NR1R2的基团，其中R1和R2独立地表示H或与N或O形成稳定的共价键的有机基团的X Y是H或与相邻COO基形成稳定酯的有机基团; R是任选被一个或多个稳定的有机取代基取代的烷基或芳基; 每个R 3独立地表示稳定的有机基团; n为0〜3的整数，使用式（VI）的新中间体的方法，其中R3和Y具有上述含义; W是F或Cl; 并且R 9是烃，例如C 1 -C 4烷基或烯基。

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