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51. 发明授权

US08255826B2 Method and apparatus for resizing buffered windows 有权
标题翻译：调整缓冲窗口大小的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08255826B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-28
申请号：US11985380
申请日：2007-11-14
申请人： Ralph Brunner , Peter Graffagnino , Andrew Barnes
发明人： Ralph Brunner , Peter Graffagnino , Andrew Barnes
IPC分类号： G06F3/048 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/4443 , G06F9/451
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for resizing buffered windows. In one aspect of the invention, a method to resize a buffered window on a data processing system includes: determining an estimated size for a window which has a first pixel image of a first size buffered in a first window buffer; allocating a second window buffer which is large enough to buffer the window in the estimated size; and buffering a second pixel image of the window in a second size in the second window buffer. In one example according to this aspect, a portion of a frame buffer is updated to the second pixel image to display the window in the second size. A portion of the second window buffer, storing the data that represents the second pixel image, is clipped to update the corresponding portion of the frame buffer.
摘要翻译：调整缓冲窗口大小的方法和设备。在本发明的一个方面，一种在数据处理系统上调整缓冲窗口尺寸的方法包括：确定具有在第一窗口缓冲器中缓冲的第一尺寸的第一像素图像的窗口的估计大小; 分配足够大的第二窗口缓冲器以在估计的大小中缓冲窗口; 以及在所述第二窗口缓冲器中以第二大小缓冲所述窗口的第二像素图像。在根据该方面的一个示例中，帧缓冲器的一部分被更新为第二像素图像以将窗口显示为第二大小。存储表示第二像素图像的数据的第二窗口缓冲器的一部分被剪切以更新帧缓冲器的相应部分。

52. 发明授权

US08189070B1 Image capturing devices using Sunny f/16 rule to override metered exposure settings 失效
标题翻译：使用Sunny f / 16规则的图像捕获设备来覆盖计量曝光设置
公开(公告)号：US08189070B1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-29
申请号：US12479743
申请日：2009-06-05
申请人： Ralph Brunner , Monique Perez Relova
发明人： Ralph Brunner , Monique Perez Relova
IPC分类号： H04N5/235 , H04N9/73 , H04N5/238
CPC分类号： H04N5/2351 , H04N1/00307 , H04N5/2353
摘要： Several methods and apparatuses for implementing automatic exposure mechanisms for image capturing devices are described. In one embodiment, an automatic exposure mechanism can use data from a light meter of an image capturing device to determine a metered exposure value associated with incident light. The automatic exposure mechanism can determine a rule based exposure value based on a predetermined rule and exposure settings (e.g., a predetermined light sensitivity of a capture media and a predetermined f-number of the image capturing device). The automatic exposure mechanisms can select either the metered exposure value or the rule based exposure value to set an exposure setting for the image capturing device.
摘要翻译：描述了用于实现图像捕获设备的自动曝光机构的几种方法和装置。在一个实施例中，自动曝光机构可以使用来自图像捕获装置的光度计的数据来确定与入射光相关联的计量曝光值。自动曝光机构可以基于预定规则和曝光设置（例如，捕获介质的预定光敏度和图像捕获装置的预定f数）来确定基于规则的曝光值。自动曝光机构可以选择计量曝光值或基于规则的曝光值来设置图像拍摄装置的曝光设置。

53. 发明申请

US20110292246A1 Automatic Tone Mapping Curve Generation Based on Dynamically Stretched Image Histogram Distribution 有权
标题翻译：基于动态拉伸图像直方图分布的自动色调映射曲线生成
公开(公告)号：US20110292246A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-01
申请号：US12786712
申请日：2010-05-25
申请人： Ralph Brunner
发明人： Ralph Brunner
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , H04N5/76
CPC分类号： H04N5/235 , G06T5/009 , G06T5/40
摘要： An apparatus, method, computer useable medium, and processor programmed to automatically generate tone mapping curves in a digital camera based on image metadata are described. Rather than having a static tone mapping curve for all images, the curve can be varied automatically based on, e.g., the brightness histogram of the image. In one embodiment, a certain percentage of the least bright pixels and a certain percentage of the brightest pixels can be disregarded, while the remaining pixels can be linearly stretched to encompass the original range of brightness values. Based on the distribution of the resultant stretched brightness histogram, slopes for the low end (S0) and high end (S1) of the tone mapping curve can be independently determined, and the tone mapping curve can be automatically generated. The improved, automatically generated tone mapping curve may be able to lift shadows more aggressively and/or increase the dynamic range of the image.
摘要翻译：描述了一种基于图像元数据在数字照相机中自动生成色调映射曲线的装置，方法，计算机可用介质和处理器。不是对所有图像具有静态色调映射曲线，而是可以基于例如图像的亮度直方图自动改变曲线。在一个实施例中，可以忽略特定百分比的最亮度像素和一定百分比的最亮像素，而剩余像素可以被线性地拉伸以包含原始亮度范围。基于得到的拉伸亮度直方图的分布，可以独立地确定色调映射曲线的低端（S0）和高端（S1）的斜率，并且可以自动生成色调映射曲线。改进的自动生成的色调映射曲线可能能够更积极地提升阴影和/或增加图像的动态范围。

54. 发明授权

US08013872B2 Method and apparatus for anti-aliasing scan conversion 有权
标题翻译：用于抗锯齿扫描转换的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08013872B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-06
申请号：US12271817
申请日：2008-11-14
申请人： Ralph Brunner
发明人： Ralph Brunner
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/203 , G06T2200/12 , H04N7/0102
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for anti-aliasing scan conversion. In one aspect of the invention, an exemplary method to scan convert an image on a data processing system includes: sampling the image in a first direction to generate first signals for points along a second line in a second direction using a closed form solution for a convolution integral with a first kernel; and weighting the first signals for the points according to a second kernel in the second direction to generate a second signal for a pixel. In one example according to this aspect, the closed form solution is tabulated in a look up table. After entries are looked up from the look up table according to the image along a first line in the first direction on a first point of the points, the entries are combined to generate one of the first signals for the first point.
摘要翻译：用于抗锯齿扫描转换的方法和装置。在本发明的一个方面，用于扫描数据处理系统中的图像转换的示例性方法包括：在第一方向上对图像进行采样，以使用第二方向上的第二线的点沿第二方向生成用于卷积与第一个内核整合; 以及根据所述第二方向根据第二内核对所述点的所述第一信号进行加权，以生成用于像素的第二信号。在根据该方面的一个示例中，封闭形式的解决方案列在查询表中。在从第一点的第一方向沿着沿第一方向的第一行的图像从查找表中查找条目之后，组合条目以产生第一点的第一信号之一。

55. 发明授权

US07969453B2 Partial display updates in a windowing system using a programmable graphics processing unit 有权
标题翻译：在使用可编程图形处理单元的窗口系统中部分显示更新
公开(公告)号：US07969453B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-28
申请号：US11696588
申请日：2007-04-04
申请人： Ralph Brunner , John Harper
发明人： Ralph Brunner , John Harper
IPC分类号： G09G5/377
CPC分类号： G09G5/393 , G09G5/14
摘要： Techniques to generate partial display updates in a buffered window system in which arbitrary visual effects are permitted to any one or more windows (e.g., application-specific window buffers) are described. Once a display output region is identified for updating, the buffered window system is interrogated to determine which regions within each window, if any, may effect the identified output region. Such determination considers the consequences any filters associated with a window impose on the region needed to make the output update.
摘要翻译：描述了在缓冲窗口系统中产生部分显示更新的技术，其中任意视觉效果被允许到任何一个或多个窗口（例如，特定于应用的窗口缓冲器）。一旦显示输出区域被识别用于更新，则缓冲的窗口系统被询问以确定每个窗口内的哪些区域（如果有的话）可以影响所识别的输出区域。这种确定考虑了与窗口相关联的任何过滤器对进行输出更新所需的区域的后果。

56. 发明申请

US20100309321A1 IMAGE CAPTURING DEVICES USING ORIENTATION DETECTORS TO IMPLEMENT AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE MECHANISMS 有权
标题翻译：使用方位检测器实现自动曝光机制的图像捕获设备
公开(公告)号：US20100309321A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-09
申请号：US12479746
申请日：2009-06-05
申请人： Ralph Brunner , Haitao Guo
发明人： Ralph Brunner , Haitao Guo
IPC分类号： H04N5/228
CPC分类号： H04N5/2353 , G03B7/28 , G03B2217/18 , H04N5/23251 , H04N5/23293 , H04N5/2351
摘要： Several methods and apparatuses for implementing automatic exposure mechanisms for image capturing devices are described. In one embodiment, an orientation detector located in the device determines orientation data for the device. The automatic exposure mechanism projects an orientation vector into an image plane of an image sensor. Next, the automatic exposure mechanism adjusts an initial position of a metering area used for automatic exposure towards a target position based on the projected orientation vector. The automatic exposure mechanism optionally dampens the adjustment of the metering area.
摘要翻译：描述了用于实现图像捕获设备的自动曝光机构的几种方法和装置。在一个实施例中，位于设备中的定向检测器确定该设备的取向数据。自动曝光机构将取向矢量投影到图像传感器的图像平面中。接下来，自动曝光机构基于投影的取向矢量将用于自动曝光的测光区域的初始位置调整到目标位置。自动曝光机构可选择地抑制测光区域的调节。

57. 发明授权

US07397964B2 Gaussian blur approximation suitable for GPU 有权
标题翻译：高斯模糊近似适用于GPU
公开(公告)号：US07397964B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-08
申请号：US10876039
申请日：2004-06-24
申请人： Ralph Brunner , Kok Chen , John Harper
发明人： Ralph Brunner , Kok Chen , John Harper
IPC分类号： G06K9/40
CPC分类号： G06T5/002 , G06T5/20
摘要： A Gaussian blur approximation is applied to an image by repeated down-sampling operations followed by an up-sample operation. By using a truncated Gaussian filter as the down-sample filter, the frequency spectrum removed during down-sampling operations closely approximates the frequency spectrum lost during a true Gaussian blur operation. While any “good” up-sample filter may be used, up-sampling via linear interpolation may be especially beneficial in systems having a dedicated graphics processing unit. One benefit of the described technique is that it is computationally less costly to implement than a Gaussian blur. Another benefit is that this computational benefit increases as the size of the blur increases—becoming significant even for small blurs. Yet another benefit of the invention is that a judicious selection of pixel address to convolve with the filter leads to substantially reduced number of texture lookups required to effect a convolution.
摘要翻译：高斯模糊近似通过重复的下采样操作随后进行上采样操作来应用于图像。通过使用截断高斯滤波器作为下采样滤波器，在下采样操作期间去除的频谱与真正的高斯模糊操作期间的频谱损失密切相近。虽然可以使用任何“良好”的抽样滤波器，但通过线性插值的上采样在具有专用图形处理单元的系统中尤其有利。所描述的技术的一个好处是，与高斯模糊相比，在计算上成本较低。另一个好处是，随着模糊大小的增加，这种计算效益即使对于小的模糊也变得显着。本发明的另一个好处是，与滤波器卷积的像素地址的明智选择导致实现卷积所需的纹理查找的数量大大减少。

58. 发明授权

US07302648B1 Method and apparatus for resizing buffered windows 有权
标题翻译：调整缓冲窗口大小的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07302648B1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-27
申请号：US10193404
申请日：2002-07-10
申请人： Ralph Brunner , Peter Graffagnino , Andrew Barnes
发明人： Ralph Brunner , Peter Graffagnino , Andrew Barnes
IPC分类号： G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/4443 , G06F9/451
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for resizing buffered windows. In one aspect of the invention, a method to resize a buffered window on a data processing system includes: determining an estimated size for a window which has a first pixel image of a first size buffered in a first window buffer; allocating a second window buffer which is large enough to buffer the window in the estimated size; and buffering a second pixel image of the window in a second size in the second window buffer. In one example according to this aspect, a portion of a frame buffer is updated to the second pixel image to display the window in the second size. A portion of the second window buffer, storing the data that represents the second pixel image, is clipped to update the corresponding portion of the frame buffer.
摘要翻译：调整缓冲窗口大小的方法和设备。在本发明的一个方面，一种在数据处理系统上调整缓冲窗口尺寸的方法包括：确定具有在第一窗口缓冲器中缓冲的第一尺寸的第一像素图像的窗口的估计大小; 分配足够大的第二窗口缓冲器以在估计的大小中缓冲窗口; 以及在所述第二窗口缓冲器中以第二大小缓冲所述窗口的第二像素图像。在根据该方面的一个示例中，帧缓冲器的一部分被更新为第二像素图像以将窗口显示为第二大小。存储表示第二像素图像的数据的第二窗口缓冲器的一部分被剪切以更新帧缓冲器的相应部分。

59. 发明申请

US20050285867A1 Partial display updates in a windowing system using a programmable graphics processing unit 有权
标题翻译：在使用可编程图形处理单元的窗口系统中部分显示更新
公开(公告)号：US20050285867A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-29
申请号：US10957557
申请日：2004-10-01
申请人： Ralph Brunner , John Harper
发明人： Ralph Brunner , John Harper
IPC分类号： G06T15/00 , G09G5/14 , G09G5/393 , G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G09G5/393 , G09G5/14
摘要： Techniques to generate partial display updates in a buffered window system in which arbitrary visual effects are permitted to any one or more windows (e.g., application-specific window buffers) are described. Once a display output region is identified for updating, the buffered window system is interrogated to determine which regions within each window, if any, may effect the identified output region. Such determination considers the consequences any filters associated with a window impose on the region needed to make the output update.
摘要翻译：描述了在缓冲窗口系统中产生部分显示更新的技术，其中任意视觉效果被允许到任何一个或多个窗口（例如，特定于应用的窗口缓冲器）。一旦显示输出区域被识别用于更新，则缓冲的窗口系统被询问以确定每个窗口内的哪些区域（如果有的话）可以影响所识别的输出区域。这种确定考虑了与窗口相关联的任何过滤器对进行输出更新所需的区域的后果。

60. 发明授权

US09311152B2 Methods and apparatuses for load balancing between multiple processing units 有权
标题翻译：用于多个处理单元之间的负载平衡的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US09311152B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-12
申请号：US13616856
申请日：2012-09-14
申请人： Howard Miller , Ralph Brunner
发明人： Howard Miller , Ralph Brunner
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F15/00 , G06T1/00 , G06F9/50 , G06F1/32
CPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F1/3203 , G06F1/329 , G06F9/5044 , G06F9/5094 , G06F2209/501 , Y02D10/22 , Y02D10/24
摘要： Exemplary embodiments of methods and apparatuses to dynamically redistribute computational processes in a system that includes a plurality of processing units are described. The power consumption, the performance, and the power/performance value are determined for various computational processes between a plurality of subsystems where each of the subsystems is capable of performing the computational processes. The computational processes are exemplarily graphics rendering process, image processing process, signal processing process, Bayer decoding process, or video decoding process, which can be performed by a central processing unit, a graphics processing units or a digital signal processing unit. In one embodiment, the distribution of computational processes between capable subsystems is based on a power setting, a performance setting, a dynamic setting or a value setting.
摘要翻译：描述了在包括多个处理单元的系统中动态地重新分布计算过程的方法和装置的示例性实施例。为多个子系统之间的各种计算过程确定功耗，性能和功率/性能值，其中每个子系统能够执行计算过程。计算过程是示例性的图形渲染处理，图像处理处理，信号处理处理，拜耳解码处理或视频解码处理，其可以由中央处理单元，图形处理单元或数字信号处理单元执行。在一个实施例中，能力子系统之间的计算过程的分布基于功率设置，性能设置，动态设置或值设置。

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