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51. 发明授权

US5159495A Graded index optical elements and catadioptric optical systems 失效
标题翻译：分级指标光学元件和有源光学系统
公开(公告)号：US5159495A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-27
申请号：US626668
申请日：1990-12-11
申请人： David P. Hamblen
发明人： David P. Hamblen
IPC分类号： G02B9/00 , G02B3/00 , G02B17/08
CPC分类号： G02B17/0856 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0884 , G02B3/0087
摘要： The present invention relates to an optical element and catadioptric optical systems using the optical element. The optical element has a spherical surface with a reflective layer formed on at least a portion of the surface, and is formed of a radiant energy transmitting material having a radial gradient index of refraction. The catadioptric optical systems include at least two optical elements at least one of which is refractive, and at least one of which has a gradient index therein. One optical system includes first and second optical elements disposed sequentially along a longitudinal axis of the system. The second optical element is the optical element with the gradient index. The first optical element is formed of a homogeneous light transmitting material and includes a spherical surface, and a reflective layer formed on a central portion of one of the spherical surface.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及使用该光学元件的光学元件和反射折射光学系统。光学元件具有在表面的至少一部分上形成有反射层的球形表面，并且由具有径向梯度折射率折射率的辐射能透射材料形成。反折射光学系统包括至少两个光学元件，其中至少一个是折射的，并且其中至少一个在其中具有梯度折射率。一个光学系统包括沿着系统的纵向轴线顺序设置的第一和第二光学元件。第二光学元件是具有梯度指数的光学元件。第一光学元件由均匀的透光材料形成，并且包括球形表面和形成在球形表面之一的中心部分上的反射层。

52. 发明授权

US5114238A Infrared catadioptric zoom relay telescope 失效
标题翻译：红外反射折射变焦继电器望远镜
公开(公告)号：US5114238A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-19
申请号：US545211
申请日：1990-06-28
申请人： Robert D. Sigler
发明人： Robert D. Sigler
IPC分类号： G02B13/14 , G02B17/06 , G02B17/08
CPC分类号： G02B17/0896 , G02B13/14 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0856
摘要： A catadioptric zoom relay telescope whose refractive elements are made from only a single type of optical glass focuses all wavelengths in a broad infrared bandwidth onto a common focal plane with diffraction-limited imagery throughout a changing focal ratio (i.e., a zoom range) from less than f/1.5 to more than f/6.0.
摘要翻译：其折射元件仅由单一类型的光学玻璃制成的反射折射变焦继电器望远镜将广泛红外带宽中的所有波长聚焦到具有衍射限制图像的共同焦平面上，从而从更小的焦距比（即，变焦范围）比f / 1.5至f / 6.0以上。

53. 发明授权

US4951078A Camera system including catadioptric lens and catadioptric lens system used therein 失效
标题翻译：相机系统包括反折射透镜和反射折射透镜系统
公开(公告)号：US4951078A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-21
申请号：US352170
申请日：1989-05-15
申请人： Takashi Okada
发明人： Takashi Okada
IPC分类号： G02B7/34
CPC分类号： G02B17/0884 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B7/34
摘要： The present invention provides a camera system including a camera body and a catadioptric lens mountable on the camera body, comprises a sensor provided in the camera body, for detecting a focusing condition of a lens mounted on the camera body, by detecting a distance of a pair of secondary images of an image formed by the lens and light shield, provided in the catadioptric lens, for determining both an outside diameter of an exit pupil of the catadioptric lens and an inside diameter thereof so that light bundles forming the pair of secondary images are passed through the exit pupil.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种照相机系统，包括可安装在照相机主体上的照相机主体和反折射透镜，包括设置在照相机主体中的传感器，用于检测安装在照相机主体上的镜头的聚焦状态，设置在反折射透镜中的由透镜和遮光罩形成的图像的一对二次图像用于确定反射折射透镜的出射光瞳的外径和其内径，使得形成一对二次图像的光束通过出口学生。

54. 发明授权

US4842384A Optical system of the Petzval type 失效
标题翻译： Petzval型光学系统
公开(公告)号：US4842384A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US142891
申请日：1988-01-11
申请人： Romeo I. Mercado
发明人： Romeo I. Mercado
IPC分类号： G02B17/08
CPC分类号： G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0896
摘要： A catadioptric optical imaging system comprises a dioptric assembly (20) and a catoptric asembly (21), which are positioned with respect to each other to form an imaging system of long focal length. The dioptric assembly (20) comprises two confocal paraboloidal mirrors (22, 23) arranged to form a telescope of the Mersenne type. The catoptric assembly (21) comprises lens elements arranged in two groups, viz., a field group (25) and a relay group (26), which are coaxially disposed with respect to the dioptric assembly (20). Only two different optical materials, viz., calcium fluoride crystal and Hoya LAC7 glass, are used in making the lens elements of the dioptric assembly (20). The dioptric assembly (20) is color-corrected at five wavelengths and has only negligible secondary and higher-order spectra in a wavelength band extending from the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region of the optical spectrum.
摘要翻译：反射折射光学成像系统包括相对于彼此定位的折射组件（20）和折射组件（21），以形成长焦距的成像系统。折射组件（20）包括布置成形成Mersenne型望远镜的两个共聚焦抛物面镜（22,23）。折射组件（21）包括以两组布置的透镜元件，即相对于屈光组件（20）同轴设置的场组（25）和中继组（26）。仅使用两种不同的光学材料，即氟化钙晶体和Hoya LAC7玻璃，用于制作屈光组件（20）的透镜元件。屈光组件（20）在五个波长处进行颜色校正，并且在从光谱的紫外区域延伸到近红外区域的波长带中仅具有可忽略的次级和高阶光谱。

55. 发明授权

US4714307A Catadioptric infrared lenses 失效
标题翻译：反射折射红外透镜
公开(公告)号：US4714307A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-22
申请号：US883919
申请日：1986-07-10
申请人： John M. Palmer
发明人： John M. Palmer
IPC分类号： G02B13/14 , G02B17/08
CPC分类号： G02B17/0896 , G02B13/146 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0856
摘要： An apochromatic catadioptric lens is provided which can operate in the 3 to 5 and the 8 to 12 micron wavebands. The lens comprises a primary mirror having an opening and a Mangin secondary mirror for directing light of the required wavebands through the opening. In the light paths between the primary mirror and Mangin secondary mirror are a pair of refracting lens elements of optically transmissive materials different from each other and from that of the Mangin secondary mirror. Preferably, the Mangin secondary mirror is of germanium, the refracting lens element of the pair nearer the Mangin secondary mirror is of zinc sulphide and the refracting lens element of the pair further from the Mangin secondary mirror is of zinc selenide. The invention also extends to an afocal telescope of non-Galilean form incorporating such a lens.
摘要翻译：提供了可以在3至5和8至12微米波段内工作的复消歧义反射折射透镜。透镜包括具有开口的主反射镜和用于将所需波段的光引导通过开口的Mangin二次反射镜。在主镜和Mangin二次反射镜之间的光路中是一对彼此不同的光学透射材料的折射透镜元件和与Mangin次镜的折射透镜元件。优选地，Mangin二次反射镜为锗，更靠近Mangin二次反射镜的折射透镜元件为硫化锌，并且与Mangin二次反射镜相对的折射透镜元件为硒化锌。本发明还延伸到包含这种透镜的非伽利略形式的无焦望远镜。

56. 发明授权

US4655555A Objective with aspheric surfaces for imaging microzones 失效
标题翻译：目标是用于成像微区的非球面
公开(公告)号：US4655555A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-07
申请号：US675735
申请日：1984-11-28
申请人： Meinrad Machler , Franz Gluck , Harry Schlemmer , Reinhold Bittner
发明人： Meinrad Machler , Franz Gluck , Harry Schlemmer , Reinhold Bittner
IPC分类号： G02B13/18 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/28 , G01N21/65 , G02B13/24 , G02B17/00 , G02B17/02 , G02B17/08 , G03F7/20
CPC分类号： G02B17/086 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0216 , G02B13/24 , G02B17/008 , G02B17/023 , G02B17/0808 , G03F7/70233 , G01J3/2803 , G01N2021/6469
摘要： The invention is directed to objectives for imaging small regions with a large aperture angle. The objectives include two aspheric bodies made of optically isotropic material wherein the deflection of the light rays is achieved by total reflection on the outer surfaces. The light entry surfaces and light exit surfaces are configured as spherical surfaces having center points at least approximately coincident with the focal points of the aspheric bodies.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于对具有大孔径角的小区域进行成像的目的。目标包括由光学各向同性材料制成的两个非球面体，其中光线的偏转通过外表面上的全反射来实现。光入射面和光出射面被构造为具有与非球面体的焦点至少近似一致的中心点的球面。

57. 发明授权

US4453800A Selectable field-of-view infrared lens 失效
标题翻译：可选择的视野红外透镜
公开(公告)号：US4453800A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-12
申请号：US293763
申请日：1981-08-17
申请人： Thomas P. Fjeldsted
发明人： Thomas P. Fjeldsted
IPC分类号： G02B13/14 , G02B17/08
CPC分类号： G02B17/0896 , G02B13/14 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852
摘要： An infrared lens system for projecting an image from object space onto a flat image plane, the lens system being corrected over the spectral region of 3.3 to 4.2 microns and having a selectable narrow field of view comprising: an objective lens system having a plurality of lens elements formed of material optically transparent over the spectral region of 3.3 to 4.2 microns, the plurality of lens elements being coaxially aligned and adapted to receive light from object space and to form an image on the flat image plane, a selectable afocal telescope, the selectable afocal telescope being in select field of view determining relation with the objective lens system, whereby upon selection, the selectable afocal telescope cooperates with the objective lens system to provide a narrow field of view.
摘要翻译：一种用于将图像从物体空间投影到平面图像平面上的红外透镜系统，所述透镜系统在3.3至4.2微米的光谱区域上进行校正并具有可选择的窄视场，包括：物镜系统，具有多个透镜由在3.3至4.2微米的光谱区域上光学透明的材料形成的元件，多个透镜元件同轴对准并适于接收来自物体空间的光并在平面图像平面上形成图像，可选择的无焦点望远镜无焦距望远镜处于与物镜系统相关的选择视场中，由此在选择时，可选择的无焦距望远镜与物镜系统配合以提供窄视场。

58. 发明授权

US4423438A Projection type cathode ray tube with masking means 失效
标题翻译：投影型阴极射线管，带有遮蔽装置
公开(公告)号：US4423438A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-27
申请号：US338205
申请日：1982-01-11
申请人： Yoshitaka Nakamura
发明人： Yoshitaka Nakamura
IPC分类号： G02B3/02 , G02B17/08 , H04N5/74 , H04N9/31
CPC分类号： G02B17/0888 , G02B17/0808 , G02B3/02 , H04N5/7408
摘要： A projection cathode ray tube is provided with elements for correcting a spherical aberration in the optical system. These elements include a correction lens disposed in front of the tube and a masking member adjustably mounted on the lens. The masking member partially covers peripheral surface portions of the lens in an adjustable manner to obtain a high image resolution on the screen with a minimum decrease in the image brightness. Preferably, the masking member is removable or adjustable in the form of a masking tape or divided shutter attached to partial portions of the front face of the lens for removing an undesired aberration with a minimized shuttering area. The projection tube comprises in combination with the correction lens, a tube envelope including a convex target and a concave mirror disposed opposite to each other and having the same center of curvature. This structure with the adjustable masking achieves a high quality reception or image projection.
摘要翻译：投影阴极射线管设置有用于校正光学系统中的球面像差的元件。这些元件包括设置在管前面的校正透镜和可调节地安装在透镜上的掩模构件。掩模构件以可调节的方式部分地覆盖透镜的周边表面部分，以在图像亮度的最小降低的情况下在屏幕上获得高图像分辨率。优选地，掩模构件可以以遮蔽胶带的形式被移除或者可调节，或者分隔的遮光板附接到透镜的前表面的部分部分，以用最小化的遮光区域去除不期望的像差。投影管与校正透镜组合包括一个管壳，它包括一个凸起的目标和一个彼此相对设置并且具有相同的曲率中心的凹面镜。具有可调掩蔽的这种结构实现了高质量的接收或图像投影。

59. 发明授权

US4354742A Optical system having a dual field of view 失效
标题翻译：具有双重视场的光学系统
公开(公告)号：US4354742A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US205365
申请日：1980-11-10
申请人： Irving R. Abel , Marcus R. Hatch
发明人： Irving R. Abel , Marcus R. Hatch
IPC分类号： G02B17/08
CPC分类号： G02B17/0856 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0884 , G02B17/0896
摘要： An optical system having a dual field of view. The system includes a wide-angle objective comprising a lens, a concave primary mirror, and a movable convex secondary mirror having a first position and a second position. When in the first position, the secondary mirror permits the wide-angle objective to focus radiation. When in the second position, the secondary mirror prevents radiation from being focused by the wide-angle objective. The combination of the secondary mirror when in the second position and the primary mirror comprise a narrow-angle objective with the primary mirror converging radiation to the secondary mirror and the secondary mirror focusing radiation. Thus, the optical system has a wide-angle field of view whenever the secondary mirror is in the first position and a narrow-angle field of view whenever the secondary mirror is in the second position.
摘要翻译：具有双重视场的光学系统。该系统包括广角物镜，其包括透镜，凹形主镜和具有第一位置和第二位置的可动凸形副镜。当处于第一位置时，副镜允许广角物镜聚焦辐射。当处于第二位置时，副镜防止辐射被广角物体聚焦。当处于第二位置时的次级反射镜与主反射镜的组合包括窄角度物镜，其中主镜将辐射会聚到副镜和次镜聚焦辐射。因此，只要辅助反射镜处于第一位置，光学系统就具有广角视野，而当副反射镜处于第二位置时，该光学系统具有窄角度的视场。

60. 发明授权

US4256372A Catadioptric lens system with light transmission control means 失效
标题翻译：反射折射透镜系统具有光传输控制装置
公开(公告)号：US4256372A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-17
申请号：US947737
申请日：1978-10-02
申请人： Mitsuo Yasukuni , Hiroshi Kiten , Takashi Iida , Kunio Kawamura , Nobuo Yoshida
发明人： Mitsuo Yasukuni , Hiroshi Kiten , Takashi Iida , Kunio Kawamura , Nobuo Yoshida
IPC分类号： G03B9/02 , G02B17/08 , G02F1/15 , G03B11/00 , G02B5/22 , G03B9/56
CPC分类号： G02B17/0856 , G02B17/0808 , G02B17/0852 , G02B17/0884
摘要： A catadioptric light system such as a module lens system capable of being mounted on a camera is provided. A plurality of light reflecting and refracting optic members are designed to provide a desired image forming light path through the lens system. Disposed within the lens system is an electrochromic device that is responsive to an applied voltage to provide a predetermined degree of light transmission intensity through the lens system. The electrochromic device can be a thin film mounted on a transparent plate or on a reflective surface. The housing of the lens system can be advantageously designed to contain its own power source.
摘要翻译：提供了能够安装在相机上的诸如模块透镜系统的反折射光系统。多个光反射和折射光学构件被设计成提供通过透镜系统的期望的图像形成光路。在透镜系统内设置的是电致变色装置，其响应于施加的电压以通过透镜系统提供预定程度的透光强度。电致变色装置可以是安装在透明板上或反射表面上的薄膜。可以有利地设计透镜系统的外壳以容纳其自身的电源。

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