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1. 发明授权

US07609884B1 Mutual information based registration of 3D-image volumes on GPU using novel accelerated methods of histogram computation 有权
标题翻译：基于相互信息的3D图像体积在GPU上的注册使用新的加速的直方图计算方法
公开(公告)号：US07609884B1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-27
申请号：US11312837
申请日：2005-12-20
申请人： Detlev Stalling , Malte Westerhoff
发明人： Detlev Stalling , Malte Westerhoff
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/32 , G06K9/34
CPC分类号： G06K9/6212 , G06T7/32 , G06T7/35
摘要： The invention provides, in some aspects, methods and apparatus for registering 3D image volumes by utilizing a graphics processing unit (GPU) to facilitate maximizing the “mutual information” of the two image volumes being registered. Particularly, the GPU is used to compute a histogram representing a probability that a pixel value in one of the images being registered coincides with a pixel value in a transform of the other image. In one aspect, this histogram is generated by a two-step approach including (i) “drawing” a polygon covering a two-component render target having as many pixels as there are samples, where the value of each pixel in the target includes the intensities of the respective pixels of the first and second images, (ii) interpreting that render target as a buffer of vertex positions and, for each sample, rendering into a new render target, a single vertex using coordinates from that buffer.
摘要翻译：本发明在一些方面提供了通过利用图形处理单元（GPU）来注册3D图像体积的方法和装置，以便最大化正在注册的两个图像体积的“互信息”。特别地，GPU用于计算表示其中一个图像中的像素值与另一图像的变换中的像素值一致的概率的直方图。在一个方面，该直方图是通过两步法生成的，包括（i）“绘制”覆盖具有像样本一样多的像素的双分量渲染目标的多边形，其中目标中的每个像素的值包括第一和第二图像的各个像素的强度，（ii）将渲染目标解释为顶点位置的缓冲区，并且对于每个样本，使用来自该缓冲器的坐标将单个顶点渲染成新的渲染目标。

2. 发明申请

US20090208082A1 AUTOMATIC IMAGE SEGMENTATION METHODS AND APPARATUS 有权
标题翻译：自动图像分割方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20090208082A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-20
申请号：US12275862
申请日：2008-11-21
申请人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling , Martin Seebass
发明人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling , Martin Seebass
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , G06K9/4642 , G06K9/6267 , G06T7/11 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/20112 , G06T2207/30008 , G06T2207/30101
摘要： The invention provides methods and apparatus for image processing that perform image segmentation on data sets in two- and/or three-dimensions so as to resolve structures that have the same or similar grey values (and that would otherwise render with the same or similar intensity values) and that, thereby, facilitate visualization and processing of those data sets.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于在二维和/或三维数据集上执行图像分割的图像处理方法和装置，以便解析具有相同或相似灰度值的结构（并且否则将以相同或相似的强度值），从而便于这些数据集的可视化和处理。

3. 发明申请

US20090063658A1 FAST FILE SERVER METHODS AND SYSTEMS 有权
标题翻译：快速文件服务器方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20090063658A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-05
申请号：US11845511
申请日：2007-08-27
申请人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
发明人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L67/06 , G06F17/30091 , G06F17/30203 , G06F21/6209 , H04L63/06 , H04L63/20 , H04L67/1097 , H04L67/34 , H04L67/42 , H04L69/14
摘要： The invention provides, in one aspect, an improved system for data access comprising a file server that is coupled to a client device or application executing thereon via one or more networks. The server comprises static storage that is organized in one or more directories, each containing, zero, one or more files. The server also comprises a file system operable, in cooperation with a file system on the client device, to provide authorized applications executing on the client device access to those directories and/or files. Fast file server (FFS) software or other functionality executing on or in connection with the server responds to requests received from the client by transferring requested data to the client device over multiple network pathways. That data can comprise, for example, directory trees, files (or portions thereof), and so forth.
摘要翻译：本发明在一个方面提供一种用于数据访问的改进系统，其包括文件服务器，该文件服务器耦合到经由一个或多个网络在其上执行的客户端设备或应用程序。服务器包括组织在一个或多个目录中的静态存储，每个目录包含零个，一个或多个文件。服务器还包括可与客户端设备上的文件系统协同操作的文件系统，以提供在客户端设备上执行的授权应用程序对这些目录和/或文件的访问。快速文件服务器（FFS）软件或在服务器上执行或与服务器连接的其他功能通过多个网络路径将请求的数据传送到客户端设备来响应从客户端接收到的请求。该数据可以包括例如目录树，文件（或其部分）等等。

4. 发明授权

US08548215B2 Automatic image segmentation of a volume by comparing and correlating slice histograms with an anatomic atlas of average histograms 有权
标题翻译：通过比较切片直方图和平均直方图的解剖图谱来对体积进行自动图像分割
公开(公告)号：US08548215B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12275862
申请日：2008-11-21
申请人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling , Martin Seebass
发明人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling , Martin Seebass
IPC分类号： G06T1/00 , G06K9/34
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , G06K9/4642 , G06K9/6267 , G06T7/11 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/20112 , G06T2207/30008 , G06T2207/30101
摘要： The invention provides methods and apparatus for image processing that perform image segmentation on data sets in two- and/or three-dimensions so as to resolve structures that have the same or similar grey values (and that would otherwise render with the same or similar intensity values) and that, thereby, facilitate visualization and processing of those data sets.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于在二维和/或三维数据集上执行图像分割的图像处理方法和装置，以便解析具有相同或相似灰度值的结构（并且否则将以相同或相似的强度值），从而便于这些数据集的可视化和处理。

5. 发明申请

US20090201303A1 MULTI-USER MULTI-GPU RENDER SERVER APPARATUS AND METHODS 有权
标题翻译：多用户多GPU渲染服务器设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090201303A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-13
申请号：US12275421
申请日：2008-11-21
申请人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
发明人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
IPC分类号： G06F13/14
CPC分类号： G06T1/20 , G06F3/14 , G06T15/005 , G06T2210/52 , G09G5/363 , G09G2360/06 , H04L51/00 , H04L51/16 , H04L67/08
摘要： The invention provides, in some aspects, a system for rendering images, the system having one or more client digital data processors and a server digital data processor in communications coupling with the one or more client digital data processors, the server digital data processor having one or more graphics processing units. The system additionally comprises a render server module executing on the server digital data processor and in communications coupling with the graphics processing units, where the render server module issues a command in response to a request from a first client digital data processor. The graphics processing units on the server digital data processor simultaneously process image data in response to interleaved commands from (i) the render server module on behalf of the first client digital data processor, and (ii) one or more requests from (a) the render server module on behalf of any of the other client digital data processors, and (b) other functionality on the server digital data processor.
摘要翻译：本发明在一些方面提供了一种用于渲染图像的系统，该系统具有一个或多个客户数字数据处理器和与一个或多个客户端数字数据处理器通信的通信中的服务器数字数据处理器，该服务器数字数据处理器具有一个或更多的图形处理单元。该系统还包括在服务器数字数据处理器上执行并与图形处理单元进行通信的渲染服务器模块，其中渲染服务器模块响应于来自第一客户端数字数据处理器的请求发出命令。服务器数字数据处理器上的图形处理单元响应于代表第一客户端数字数据处理器的（i）渲染服务器模块的交错命令同时处理图像数据，以及（ii）来自（a）代表任何其他客户端数字数据处理器的渲染服务器模块，以及（b）服务器数字数据处理器上的其他功能。

6. 发明授权

US08319781B2 Multi-user multi-GPU render server apparatus and methods 有权
标题翻译：多用户多GPU渲染服务器设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US08319781B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-27
申请号：US12275421
申请日：2008-11-21
申请人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
发明人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F15/80 , G06F13/14 , G06F3/00 , G06F9/46 , G06T1/20
CPC分类号： G06T1/20 , G06F3/14 , G06T15/005 , G06T2210/52 , G09G5/363 , G09G2360/06 , H04L51/00 , H04L51/16 , H04L67/08
摘要： The invention provides, in some aspects, a system for rendering images, the system having one or more client digital data processors and a server digital data processor in communications coupling with the one or more client digital data processors, the server digital data processor having one or more graphics processing units. The system additionally comprises a render server module executing on the server digital data processor and in communications coupling with the graphics processing units, where the render server module issues a command in response to a request from a first client digital data processor. The graphics processing units on the server digital data processor simultaneously process image data in response to interleaved commands from (i) the render server module on behalf of the first client digital data processor, and (ii) one or more requests from (a) the render server module on behalf of any of the other client digital data processors, and (b) other functionality on the server digital data processor.
摘要翻译：本发明在一些方面提供了一种用于渲染图像的系统，该系统具有一个或多个客户数字数据处理器和与一个或多个客户端数字数据处理器通信的通信中的服务器数字数据处理器，该服务器数字数据处理器具有一个或更多的图形处理单元。该系统还包括在服务器数字数据处理器上执行并与图形处理单元进行通信的渲染服务器模块，其中渲染服务器模块响应于来自第一客户端数字数据处理器的请求发出命令。服务器数字数据处理器上的图形处理单元响应于代表第一客户端数字数据处理器的（i）渲染服务器模块的交错命令同时处理图像数据，以及（ii）来自（a）代表任何其他客户端数字数据处理器的渲染服务器模块，以及（b）服务器数字数据处理器上的其他功能。

7. 发明申请

US20100215240A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D IMAGE VOLUMES FROM PROJECTION IMAGES 有权
标题翻译：用于从投影图像重建3D图像体积的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100215240A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-26
申请号：US12725452
申请日：2010-03-17
申请人： Detlev Stalling , Malte Westerhoff , Martin Seebass , Ralf Kubis
发明人： Detlev Stalling , Malte Westerhoff , Martin Seebass , Ralf Kubis
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T2211/428 , Y10S128/922
摘要： The invention provides improvements in reconstructive imaging of the type in which a volume is reconstructed from a series of measured projection images (or other two-dimensional representations) by utilizing the capabilities of graphics processing units (GPUs). In one aspect, the invention configures a GPU to reconstruct a volume by initializing an estimated density distribution of that volume to arbitrary values in a three-dimensional voxel-based matrix and, then, determining the actual density distribution iteratively by, for each of the measured projections, (a) forward-projecting the estimated volume computationally and comparing the forward-projection with the measured projection, (b) generating a correction term for each pixel in the forward-projection based on that comparison, and (c) back-projecting the correction term for each pixel in the forward-projection onto all voxels of the volume that were mapped into that pixel in the forward-projection.
摘要翻译：本发明通过利用图形处理单元（GPU）的能力，提供了通过一系列测量的投影图像（或其他二维表示）重建体积的类型的重建成像的改进。在一个方面，本发明通过将基于三维体素的矩阵中的该体积的估计密度分布初始化为任意值来配置GPU来重建体积，然后，对于每个基于三维体素的矩阵中的每一个，迭代地确定实际密度分布测量的投影，（a）计算地向前投影估计的体积并将前向投影与所测量的投影进行比较，（b）基于该比较为前向投影中的每个像素生成校正项，以及（c）将前向投影中的每个像素的校正项投影到在前向投影中映射到该像素的体积的所有体素上。

8. 发明授权

US07693318B1 Method and apparatus for reconstruction of 3D image volumes from projection images 有权
标题翻译：用于从投影图像重建3D图像体积的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07693318B1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-06
申请号：US11263568
申请日：2005-10-31
申请人： Detlev Stalling , Malte Westerhoff , Martin Seebass , Ralf Kubis
发明人： Detlev Stalling , Malte Westerhoff , Martin Seebass , Ralf Kubis
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G01N23/00
CPC分类号： G06T11/006 , G06T2211/428 , Y10S128/922
摘要： The invention provides improvements in reconstructive imaging of the type in which a volume is reconstructed from a series of measured projection images (or other two-dimensional representations) by utilizing the capabilities of graphics processing units (GPUs). In one aspect, the invention configures a GPU to reconstruct a volume by initializing an estimated density distribution of that volume to arbitrary values in a three-dimensional voxel-based matrix and, then, determining the actual density distribution iteratively by, for each of the measured projections, (a) forward-projecting the estimated volume computationally and comparing the forward-projection with the measured projection, (b) generating a correction term for each pixel in the forward-projection based on that comparison, and (c) back-projecting the correction term for each pixel in the forward-projection onto all voxels of the volume that were mapped into that pixel in the forward-projection.
摘要翻译：本发明通过利用图形处理单元（GPU）的能力，提供了通过一系列测量的投影图像（或其他二维表示）重建体积的类型的重建成像的改进。在一个方面，本发明通过将基于三维体素的矩阵中的该体积的估计密度分布初始化为任意值来配置GPU来重建体积，然后，对于每个基于三维体素的矩阵中的每一个，迭代地确定实际密度分布测量的投影，（a）计算地向前投影估计的体积并将前向投影与所测量的投影进行比较，（b）基于该比较为前向投影中的每个像素生成校正项，以及（c）将前向投影中的每个像素的校正项投影到在前向投影中映射到该像素的体积的所有体素上。

9. 发明授权

US09019287B2 Client-server visualization system with hybrid data processing 有权
标题翻译：具有混合数据处理的客户端 - 服务器可视化系统
公开(公告)号：US09019287B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-28
申请号：US12275834
申请日：2008-11-21
申请人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
发明人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling
IPC分类号： G06T1/00 , G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G09G5/006 , G06T15/00 , G06T15/005 , G09G5/001 , G09G5/363 , G09G5/395 , G09G2360/12 , G09G2360/18 , G09G2370/022
摘要： The invention comprises a system of client-server visualization with hybrid data processing, having a server digital data processor, that allows for server side rendering and processing image data, and client digital data processors simultaneously connected to the server, which receives messages from the clients, creates rendered images of data sets or other data processing results and sends those rendered images and results to the clients for display or further processing. Performing certain image rendering operations on either the server or the client according to which is better suited for the tasks requested by the user at any point in time, and possibly adjusting this division of work dynamically, improves rendering speed and application responsiveness on the clients.
摘要翻译：本发明包括一种具有混合数据处理的客户机 - 服务器可视化系统，具有允许服务器侧呈现和处理图像数据的服务器数字数据处理器以及同时连接到服务器的客户端数字数据处理器，其从客户端接收消息创建数据集或其他数据处理结果的渲染图像，并将这些渲染图像和结果发送到客户端进行显示或进一步处理。在服务器或客户端上执行某些图像渲染操作，根据该操作更适合用户在任何时间点请求的任务，并可能动态地调整这种分工，从而提高客户端的渲染速度和应用响应能力。

10. 发明授权

US08189002B1 Method and apparatus for visualizing three-dimensional and higher-dimensional image data sets 有权
标题翻译：用于可视化三维和更高维图像数据集的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08189002B1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-29
申请号：US11263577
申请日：2005-10-31
申请人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling , Scott A. Thieret
发明人： Malte Westerhoff , Detlev Stalling , Scott A. Thieret
IPC分类号： G06T15/50 , G06T15/60 , G06T15/00 , G06T1/20
CPC分类号： G06T15/08 , G06T15/005 , G06T2210/41 , G06T2210/52
摘要： In one aspect, the invention provides improvements in a digital data processor of the type that renders a three-dimensional (3D) volume image data into a two-dimensional (2D) image suitable for display. The improvements include a graphics processing unit (GPU) that comprises a plurality of programmable vertex shaders that are coupled to a plurality of programmable pixel shaders, where one or more of the vertex and pixel shaders are adapted to determine intensities of a plurality of pixels in the 2D image as an iterative function of intensities of sample points in the 3D image through which a plurality viewing rays associated with those pixels are passed. The pixel shaders compute, for each ray, multiple iteration steps of the iterative function prior to computing respective steps for a subsequent ray.
摘要翻译：在一个方面，本发明提供了将三维（3D）体积图像数据变成适于显示的二维（2D）图像的类型的数字数据处理器的改进。改进包括图形处理单元（GPU），其包括耦合到多个可编程像素着色器的多个可编程顶点着色器，其中顶点和像素着色器中的一个或多个适于确定多个像素着色器中的多个像素的强度 2D图像作为3D图像中与这些像素相关联的多个观察光线通过的采样点的强度的迭代函数。对于每个射线，像素着色器在为随后的射线计算各个步骤之前，计算迭代函数的多个迭代步骤。

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