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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Seal structure for elevated temperature service
    • 密封结构为高温服务
    • US4986511A
    • 1991-01-22
    • US450622
    • 1989-12-14
    • Richard E. IrbyG. Stephen KykerLorenzo P. DiSanoEduardo Alvarez
    • Richard E. IrbyG. Stephen KykerLorenzo P. DiSanoEduardo Alvarez
    • E21B33/00E21B33/06E21B33/08F16J15/00F16J15/10
    • E21B33/08E21B33/06F16J15/002F16J15/104Y10S277/944
    • A seal comprises a sandwich of a soft, low modulus resinous layer between two outer layers of harder, high modulus resinous material to provide an effectve high pressure seal at both low and high temperatures. The seal can be used in well head service, e.g., in a blowout preventer or stuffing box seal, in oil wells, geothermal wells of hydraulic mining pipes. The high modulus material is preferably a polybenzimidazole containing 5 to 50 wt. % short fibers. The low modulus material is preferably a thermoplastic fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer or a fluorinated synthetic elastomer containing polybenzimidazole in powder and/or short fiber form and short fibers of glass and/or carbon. For blowout preventer service, the seal can take the form of a T to be fitted with complementary metal retainers to form a cylindrical seal unit having a semicylindrical groove in the seal face to mate with the polish rod or tubing.
    • 密封件包括在两个较硬的高模量树脂材料的外层之间的柔软的低模量树脂层的夹层,以在低温和高温下提供有效的高压密封。 密封件可用于油井,液压采矿管的地热井中的井口服务中,例如防喷器或填料函密封。 高模量材料优选为含有5〜50重量%的聚苯并咪唑。 %短纤维。 低模量材料优选为热塑性氟化烃聚合物或含有粉末和/或短纤维聚苯并咪唑和玻璃和/或碳短纤维的氟化合成弹性体。 对于防喷器服务,密封件可以采取T形式来配备互补金属保持器,以形成圆柱形密封单元,该密封单元在密封面中具有半圆柱形槽,以与抛光棒或管材配合。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method of generating optimal control problems for industrial processes
    • 为工业过程产生最优控制问题的方法
    • US07933664B2
    • 2011-04-26
    • US11633031
    • 2006-12-04
    • Eduardo Alvarez GallesteyDario CastagnoliAlec Stothert
    • Eduardo Alvarez GallesteyDario CastagnoliAlec Stothert
    • G05B13/02
    • G05B13/042
    • Modelling of industrial processes is simplified with the use of Mixed Logical Dynamic (MLD) framework. Optimal control problems can be generated for application to industrial processes. For example, two arbitrarily connected MLD blocks are automatically merged to obtain one composite MLD block. Via a repeated use of the procedure, any arbitrarily complex system containing the complete description of an industrial process can be generated from the simplest MLD building blocks. The optimal control problem is generated via adding an MLD block whose unique output becomes the cost functional of the problem. In a graphical environment, any specific industrial process may be reproduced by instantiating blocks from a library of basic MLD elements or atomic MLD blocks and by properly connecting them. In case an appropriate library is available, this process will not require any expert knowledge from the end user apart from the ability to build the graphical interconnections mentioned.
    • 使用混合逻辑动态(MLD)框架简化了工业流程建模。 可以产生适用于工业过程的最佳控制问题。 例如,两个任意连接的MLD块被自动合并以获得一个复合MLD块。 通过重复使用该过程,可以从最简单的MLD构建块生成包含工业过程的完整描述的任何复杂的系统。 通过添加其唯一输出成为问题的成本函数的MLD块来生成最优控制问题。 在图形环境中,任何具体的工业过程可以通过从基本的MLD元素或原子MLD块的库中实例化块并通过适当地连接来再现。 在适当的库可用的情况下,除了构建所提到的图形互连的能力之外,该过程将不需要来自最终用户的任何专家知识。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Process control system
    • 过程控制系统
    • US07266416B2
    • 2007-09-04
    • US11019208
    • 2004-12-23
    • Eduardo Alvarez GallesteyAlec Stothert
    • Eduardo Alvarez GallesteyAlec Stothert
    • G05B13/02
    • G05B13/048G05B13/042
    • The disclosed process control system makes use of Optimal control (OC) and model predictive control (MPC) techniques for selection of the Expert Systems (ES) targets values U. The ES target values U are selected to minimize the performance criterion J. A mathematical model of an extended system given by the process P and the ES is developed. This hybrid mathematical model has both continuous dynamics and logical relationships. Controlled variables of the mathematical model are the ES target values U and inputs are the measurements y and the performance criterion J. The OC and/or MPC techniques are used to compute values U. An optimizer of the OC/MPC selects values of the ES target values U only. This activity has lower sampling rates than selection of controller values, which simplifies the design of the OC/MPC controller.
    • 所公开的过程控制系统利用最佳控制(OC)和模型预测控制(MPC)技术来选择专家系统(ES)目标值U.ES目标值U被选择以使性能标准J最小化。数学 开发了由过程P和ES给出的扩展系统的模型。 这种混合数学模型具有连续动力学和逻辑关系。 数学模型的受控变量是ES目标值U,输入是测量y和性能标准J. OC和/或MPC技术用于计算值U. OC / MPC的优化器选择ES的值 目标值U。 该活动的采样率低于控制器值的选择,这简化了OC / MPC控制器的设计。