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1. 发明授权

US07522322B2 Apparatus for dental shade measurement 有权
标题翻译：牙科测量仪器
公开(公告)号：US07522322B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-21
申请号：US10922313
申请日：2004-08-19
申请人： Douglass L. Blanding , Rongguang Liang , Edward J. Giorgianni , Steven J. Hansen
发明人： Douglass L. Blanding , Rongguang Liang , Edward J. Giorgianni , Steven J. Hansen
IPC分类号： H04N1/46 , H04N1/04 , G11B11/00 , G11B13/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/02 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0267 , G01J3/50 , G01J3/508 , G01J3/524 , G01N21/251 , G01N21/276
摘要： An apparatus for suitable for obtaining an image of a dental structure has an illuminator member placed proximate the area to be imaged. The illuminator member has a support structure (30) for retaining the illuminator member in position proximate the area to be imaged. A reference (22) is coupled to the support structure (30) of the illuminator member and disposed within the area to be imaged. At least one light source (24) is coupled to the support structure (30) of the illuminator member for directing imaging illumination toward the area to be imaged. A camera (12) records an image from within the area to be imaged using the imaging illumination from the illuminator member, wherein the image comprises the reference (22).
摘要翻译：用于获得牙科结构的图像的装置具有靠近待成像区域设置的照射器构件。照明器构件具有用于将照明器构件保持在靠近待成像区域的位置的支撑结构（30）。参考（22）耦合到照明器构件的支撑结构（30）并且设置在待成像的区域内。至少一个光源（24）耦合到照明器构件的支撑结构（30），用于将成像照明引导到待成像的区域。相机（12）使用来自照明器构件的成像照明从要成像的区域内的图像记录图像，其中图像包括参考（22）。

2. 发明授权

US07064830B2 Dental color imaging system 有权
标题翻译：牙科彩色成像系统
公开(公告)号：US07064830B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10460693
申请日：2003-06-12
申请人： Edward J. Giorgianni , Alexander G. Forsythe
发明人： Edward J. Giorgianni , Alexander G. Forsythe
IPC分类号： G01J3/46 , A61C3/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/50 , G01J3/462 , G01J3/463 , G01J3/508
摘要： A method for determining visual calorimetric values for an object having particular spectral reflectance characteristics comprises the steps of: (a) photographing an object with an electronic image capture device to form device image values; (b) selecting a transform from a plurality of transforms for converting device image values to visual colorimetric values, wherein the selection of the transform is based on the particular spectral reflectance characteristics of the object; and (c) applying the selected transform to the device image values to determine the visual colorimetric values for the object.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定具有特定光谱反射率特性的物体的视觉量值的方法包括以下步骤：（a）用电子图像捕获装置拍摄物体以形成装置图像值; （b）从多个变换中选择用于将设备图像值转换为视觉比色值的变换，其中所述变换的选择基于所述对象的特定光谱反射特性; 以及（c）将所选择的变换应用于设备图像值以确定对象的视觉比色值。

3. 发明授权

US5452111A Methods and associated apparatus for forming image data metrics which achieve media compatibility for subsequent imaging applications 失效
标题翻译：用于形成图像数据度量的方法和相关装置，其实现后续成像应用的媒体兼容性
公开(公告)号：US5452111A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-19
申请号：US84037
申请日：1993-06-28
申请人： Edward J. Giorgianni , Thomas E. Madden
发明人： Edward J. Giorgianni , Thomas E. Madden
IPC分类号： H04N1/60 , H04N1/46
CPC分类号： H04N1/60 , H04N1/6052
摘要： Methods and means are described for producing intermediary color image processing and/or data storage metrics that are independent of the input image origins. These methods and means produce intermediary metric images that can be output onto any of a plurality of image-receptive media or image-forming devices such that the reproduced images appear appropriately rendered for the output medium or device chosen regardless of the input image origin. The intermediary metric images may also be stored for later use without requiring documentation of their origin, images or portions thereof from various media and devices may be merged together to produce composite images of homogeneous and appropriate appearance, and images may be balanced and otherwise manipulated without requiring references to their origin.
摘要翻译：描述了用于产生独立于输入图像起源的中间彩色图像处理和/或数据存储度量的方法和装置。这些方法和装置产生可以输出到多个图像接收介质或图像形成装置中的任何一个的中间度量图像，使得再现的图像看起来适合于所选择的输出介质或设备，而与输入图像原点无关。中间度量图像也可以被存储以供以后使用，而不需要其来源的文档，来自各种媒体和设备的图像或其部分可以被合并在一起以产生均匀和适当的外观的合成图像，并且图像可以被平衡和否则被操纵而没有要求提及其起源。

4. 发明授权

US06282313B1 Using a set of residual images to represent an extended color gamut digital image 有权
标题翻译：使用一组残差图像来表示扩展色域数字图像
公开(公告)号：US06282313B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09162205
申请日：1998-09-28
申请人： Ann L. McCarthy , Kevin E. Spaulding , Edward J. Giorgianni
发明人： Ann L. McCarthy , Kevin E. Spaulding , Edward J. Giorgianni
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06T11/001
摘要： A method for representing a digital image having color values with an extended color gamut in a storage color space having a limited color gamut includes adjusting the color values of the extended color gamut digital image to fit within the limited color gamut to form a limited color gamut digital image; representing the limited color gamut digital image in the storage color space; determining a set of residual images representing a difference between the extended color gamut digital image and the limited color gamut digital image; and associating the set of residual images with the limited color gamut digital image in the storage color space such that the associated residual images and the limited color gamut digital image is adapted to be used to form a reconstructed extended color gamut digital image.
摘要翻译：一种用于在具有有限色域的存储颜色空间中表示具有扩展色域的具有颜色值的数字图像的方法包括：调整扩展色域数字图像的颜色值以适应有限色域以形成有限色域数字图像; 表示存储颜色空间中的有限色域数字图像; 确定表示所述扩展色域数字图像与所述有限色域数字图像之间的差的一组残差图像; 以及将所述残差图像集合与所述存储颜色空间中的所述有限色域数字图像相关联，使得相关联的残留图像和所述有限色域数字图像适于用于形成重构的扩展色域数字图像。

5. 发明授权

US06282312B1 System using one or more residual image(s) to represent an extended color gamut digital image 有权
标题翻译：使用一个或多个残留图像来表示扩展色域数字图像的系统
公开(公告)号：US06282312B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09162201
申请日：1998-09-28
申请人： Ann L. McCarthy , Kevin E. Spaulding , Edward J. Giorgianni
发明人： Ann L. McCarthy , Kevin E. Spaulding , Edward J. Giorgianni
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： H04N1/64 , G06T11/001 , H04N1/6058
摘要： A digital image processing system includes one or more opto-electronic image digitization device(s) which digitize still photographic images and produce an extended color gamut digital image corresponding to each still photographic image, and an image processing unit, coupled with said image digitization device(s), which is operative to receive a plurality of extended color gamut digital images from the image digitization device(s). The image processing unit produces at least one limited color gamut digital image from each said extended color gamut digital image by adjusting the color values of the extended color gamut digital image to fit within a limited color gamut; represents each said limited color gamut digital image in a storage color space; determines one or more residual image(s) each representing a difference between one said extended color gamut digital image and its corresponding limited color gamut digital image; and associates each limited color gamut digital image in the storage color space with its residual image(s) such that the associated residual images and the limited color gamut digital images in the storage color space are adapted to be used to reconstruct extended color gamut digital images.
摘要翻译：数字图像处理系统包括一个或多个光电图像数字化装置，其将静止照相图像数字化并产生对应于每个静止摄影图像的扩展色域数字图像，以及图像处理单元，与所述图像数字化装置其可操作以从图像数字化设备接收多个扩展色域数字图像。图像处理单元通过调整扩展色域数字图像的颜色值以适应有限的色域，从每个所述扩展色域数字图像产生至少一个有限色域数字图像; 表示存储颜色空间中的每个所述有限色域数字图像; 确定每个表示一个所述扩展色域数字图像与其对应的有限色域数字图像之间的差的一个或多个残留图像; 并且将存储颜色空间中的每个有限色域数字图像与其残留图像相关联，使得相关联的残留图像和存储颜色空间中的有限色域数字图像适于用于重建扩展色域数字图像。

6. 发明授权

US5224178A Extending dynamic range of stored image database 失效
标题翻译：扩展存储图像数据库的动态范围
公开(公告)号：US5224178A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US582306
申请日：1990-09-14
申请人： Thomas E. Madden , Edward J. Giorgianni
发明人： Thomas E. Madden , Edward J. Giorgianni
IPC分类号： G06T5/00 , G06T1/00 , G06T5/40 , H04N1/407
CPC分类号： G06T5/009
摘要： The dynamic range of a digitized image database is extended to permit shifting of encoded pixel values without `clipping`, and to provide limited windows of values into which specular highlights and unusually low reflectances or areas of objects in shadow light may be encoded and stored. Digital codes into which an image scanner output has been mapped by a scene balance mechanism are converted into a set of reduced-range digital codes of the same resolution but having a smaller range of basic image content values than the dynamic range of the digitized image data base. The code conversion mechanism operates to convert a maximum value of 100% white reflectance to an encoded value that is less than the upper limit of the dynamic range of the database to allow for the placement of specular highlights that are beyond the 100% diffuse white reflectance maximum, to convert a defined minimum value of low reflectance to an encoded value that is greater than the lower limit of the dynamic range of the database to allow for the placement of unusually low reflectances or areas of objects in shadow light, and to accommodate shifts in the digitized imagery data at both the high and low ends of the range.
摘要翻译：数字化图像数据库的动态范围被扩展以允许编码像素值的移位而不进行“剪切”，并且提供有限的值窗口，其中可以编码和存储阴影光中的镜面高光和异常低的反射或物体的区域。图像扫描器输出已由场景平衡机构映射到其中的数字代码被转换为相同分辨率的一组缩小范围的数字代码，但是具有比数字化图像数据的动态范围更小的基本图像内容值的范围基础。代码转换机制用于将100％白色反射率的最大值转换为小于数据库动态范围上限的编码值，以允许放置超出100％漫反射白色反射率的镜面高光最大值，将所定义的低反射率的最小值转换为大于数据库的动态范围的下限的编码值，以允许在阴影光中放置异常低的反射或物体区域，并适应位移在范围的高端和低端的数字化图像数据。

7. 发明授权

US5189511A Method and apparatus for improving the color rendition of hardcopy images from electronic cameras 失效
标题翻译：用于改善电子摄像机的彩色图像颜色的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5189511A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-23
申请号：US495067
申请日：1990-03-19
申请人： Kenneth A. Parulski , Donald C. Bellis, Jr. , Robert H. Hibbard , Edward J. Giorgianni , Elizabeth McInerney
发明人： Kenneth A. Parulski , Donald C. Bellis, Jr. , Robert H. Hibbard , Edward J. Giorgianni , Elizabeth McInerney
IPC分类号： H04N1/409 , H04N1/46 , H04N1/58 , H04N1/60 , H04N9/79
CPC分类号： H04N1/58 , H04N1/409 , H04N1/60
摘要： The present invention involves taking a three color signal produced by an electronic color image sensor, such as the Kodak KAF-1400 sensor with a 3G CFA filter, and performing additive-type color correction processing in a linear domain suitable for performing additive-type color correction. The additive-type processing can be performed by a matrix multiplier using three 3 element correction equations. The linear color corrected signals are converted into a domain, such as the log domain, suitable for performing subtractive-type color correction. Subtractive-type color correction is performed using three 3 element correction equations, or three 9 element correction equations. The color corrected sigtnals are then converted to an appropriate format for input to a color printer. To reduce noise enhancement problems, the color correction is performed on lowpass color signals, and the color corrected lowpass signals are combined with the original high frequency color signals. To enhance the sharpness of the color print, edge enhancement is performed in a three color enhancement space using an appropriately quantized and filtered green color signal, and coring and clipping type noise removal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及由具有3G CFA滤波器的电视彩色图像传感器（例如柯达KAF-1400传感器）产生的三色信号，并且在适于执行添加型颜色的线性域中执行附加型颜色校正处理更正。加法型处理可以通过使用三个3元素校正方程的矩阵乘法器执行。线性色彩校正信号被转换成适于执行减色型颜色校正的域，例如对数域。使用三个3元素校正方程或三个9个元素校正方程执行减法式颜色校正。然后将颜色校正的信号转换为适当的格式以输入到彩色打印机。为了降低噪声增强问题，在低通彩色信号上执行色彩校正，并将色彩校正的低通信号与原始高频彩色信号组合。为了增强彩色印刷的清晰度，使用适当量化和滤波的绿色信号以及取芯和剪切型噪声去除在三色增强空间中执行边缘增强。

8. 发明授权

US4979032A Color imaging apparatus producing on various image receptive materials a visually matched hard copy reproduction of a video image displayed 失效
标题翻译：在各种图像接收材料上产生视频匹配的显示的视频图像的硬拷贝再现的彩色成像装置
公开(公告)号：US4979032A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US290677
申请日：1988-12-27
申请人： Paula J. Alessi , Edward J. Giorgianni , Thomas E. Madden
发明人： Paula J. Alessi , Edward J. Giorgianni , Thomas E. Madden
IPC分类号： H04N1/60 , H04N9/11
CPC分类号： H04N1/6052 , H04N9/11
摘要： Color image reproduction apparatus includes a video monitor for displaying a reproduced image (a soft copy). A film writer serves to produce a hard copy of the reproduced image on any of a variety of image-receptive output media (reversal film or negative film to print material or reversal film to print material) having perceptually distinct color reproduction properties. A computer-based workstation, having a series of look-up tables for transforming imaging data to a variety of monitor-dependent RGB color spaces, enables the film writer to expose an output film (reversal or negative) such that the hard copy reproduction formed is visually matched to the soft copy proof, regardless of the output medium selected.
摘要翻译：彩色图像再现设备包括用于显示再现图像（软拷贝）的视频监视器。电影写作者用于产生具有感知上不同颜色再现性质的各种图像接收输出介质（反转膜或负片打印材料或打印材料的反转膜）中的任何一个的复印图像。基于计算机的工作站具有用于将成像数据转换成各种与监视器相关的RGB颜色空间的一系列查找表，使得胶片写入器能够暴露输出胶片（反转或负面），从而形成硬拷贝再现视觉匹配软拷贝证明，无论选择的输出介质如何。

9. 发明授权

US07298892B2 Producing a balanced digital color image having minimal color errors 有权
标题翻译：产生具有最小颜色误差的平衡数字彩色图像
公开(公告)号：US07298892B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-20
申请号：US10410550
申请日：2003-04-09
申请人： Kevin E. Spaulding , Geoffrey J. Woolfe , Edward J. Giorgianni
发明人： Kevin E. Spaulding , Geoffrey J. Woolfe , Edward J. Giorgianni
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： H04N1/6077
摘要： A method for correcting the color balance of an input digital color image in an input color space captured under a capture illuminant to produce a balanced digital color image includes transforming the input digital color image to a balancing color space, wherein the balancing color space has three color channels corresponding to three color space primaries, the color space primaries being chosen so that minimal color errors can be produced when correcting the color balance for a set of one or more capture illuminants relative to aim colors that would be produced if the digital color image were captured under reference conditions; and correcting the color balance of the input digital color image in the balancing color space to produce a balanced digital color image having minimal color errors relative to aim colors that would be produced if the digital color image were captured under reference conditions.
摘要翻译：一种用于校正在拍摄光源下拍摄的输入彩色空间中的输入数字彩色图像的颜色平衡以产生平衡数字彩色图像的方法，包括将输入数字彩色图像变换为平衡色彩空间，其中平衡色彩空间具有三个对应于三个颜色空间原色的颜色通道，选择颜色空间原色，使得当校正相对于如果数字彩色图像将产生的目标颜色的一组或多个捕获光源的集合的色彩平衡时，可以产生最小的颜色误差在参考条件下被捕获; 以及在平衡色彩空间中校正输入数字彩色图像的色彩平衡，以产生相对于在参考条件下拍摄数字彩色图像时将产生的对象颜色具有最小颜色误差的平衡数字彩色图像。

10. 发明授权

US5563717A Method and means for calibration of photographic media using pre-exposed miniature images 失效
标题翻译：使用预曝光的微型图像来校准照相介质的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5563717A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-08
申请号：US383332
申请日：1995-02-03
申请人： Frederick R. Koeng , Edward J. Giorgianni
发明人： Frederick R. Koeng , Edward J. Giorgianni
IPC分类号： G03B27/73 , H04N1/60 , H04N1/46
CPC分类号： G03B27/73 , H04N1/6055
摘要： A method and associated apparatus for calibrating a photographic media requiring only a minimal area of the media by producing a pattern of exposure patches utilizing the steps of forming an exposure area on a portion of unexposed photographic media as a plurality of abutted test patches wherein the width of all the test patches is substantially constant and the width is less than 100 .mu.m. Each test patch is then exposed at a substantially constant log illumination increment over the previous test patch.
摘要翻译：一种用于校准仅需要最小面积的介质的照相介质的方法和相关设备，其通过以下步骤产生曝光块的图案：利用以下步骤：在未曝光的照相介质的一部分上形成暴露区域作为多个邻接的测试贴片，其中宽度所有的测试片基本上是恒定的，宽度小于100微米。然后每个测试贴片以相对于先前测试贴片的基本恒定的对数照明增量曝光。

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