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1. 发明授权

US08973008B2 Combining different resource types 有权
标题翻译：组合不同的资源类型
公开(公告)号：US08973008B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-03
申请号：US11125579
申请日：2005-05-10
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Glenn C. Skinner , Laurent P. Daynès
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Glenn C. Skinner , Laurent P. Daynès
IPC分类号： G06F9/46 , G06F15/173 , G06F9/50
CPC分类号： G06F9/5077 , G06F9/5011
摘要： Combining different resource types into a single logical resource can provide a perspective more suitable for managing a given computer program. Resources of different types that have similar characteristics are combined as a single resource type. Resource management policies are applied against the different resource types via the single combination resource type, wherein on a single computer or applied against a cluster of computers.
摘要翻译：将不同资源类型组合成单个逻辑资源可以提供更适合于管理给定计算机程序的透视图。具有相似特征的不同类型的资源被组合为单一资源类型。资源管理策略通过单一组合资源类型针对不同的资源类型应用，其中在单个计算机上或针对计算机集群应用。

2. 发明授权

US06938247B2 Small memory footprint system and method for separating applications within a single virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：用于在单个虚拟机中分离应用程序的小型内存占用系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06938247B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US10440665
申请日：2003-05-19
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/445 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F9/44563
摘要： A system and method for isolating the execution of a plurality of applications. The applications may utilize or share one or more “original” classes. Only one copy of each original class is maintained, regardless of how many applications utilize it. Static fields are extracted from the original classes. A separate copy of the static fields is created for each of the utilizing applications. A static field class which includes instance fields corresponding to the static fields may be created, wherein each instance of the static field class corresponds to one of the utilizing applications. Access methods for the one or more static fields may be created, wherein the access methods are operable to access the corresponding separate copy of the static fields based upon the identity of the utilizing application. A single access methods class may be created for each original class, wherein the single access methods class includes the access methods for accessing the extracted fields from the original class. The method and system may be optimized by exempting from extraction static fields that are classified as secure for utilization by the plurality of applications without inter-application interference. The secure set of static fields may include final static fields of primitive types, final static strings, immutable arrays of primitive types, and/or other appropriate fields.
摘要翻译：一种用于隔离多个应用的执行的系统和方法。应用程序可以利用或共享一个或多个“原始”类。不管有多少应用程序利用它，每个原始类只能保留一个副本。从原始类中提取静态字段。为每个应用程序创建静态字段的单独副本。可以创建包括与静态字段相对应的实例字段的静态字段类，其中静态字段类的每个实例对应于利用应用之一。可以创建用于一个或多个静态字段的访问方法，其中访问方法可操作以基于利用应用的身份访问静态字段的对应的单独副本。可以为每个原始类创建单个访问方法类，其中单个访问方法类包括用于从原始类访问提取的字段的访问方法。该方法和系统可以通过免除被分类为安全的多个应用的提取静态字段来进行优化，而不施加应用间干扰。静态字段的安全集合可以包括原始类型的最终静态字段，最终静态字符串，原始类型的不可变数组和/或其他适当的字段。

3. 发明授权

US06901586B1 Safe language static variables initialization in a multitasking system 有权
标题翻译：多任务系统中的安全语言静态变量初始化
公开(公告)号：US06901586B1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-31
申请号：US09707578
申请日：2000-11-06
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/445 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F9/445
摘要： A system and method are provided for thread-safe initialization of static variables in a multitasking system. In one embodiment, the static fields of a class may be “virtualized” such that each application that utilizes the class has its own copy of static fields. Each separate copy of the static fields is initialized only once. Instructions for performing the initialization may be embedded in a class constructor. The class constructor may be executed only once for each separate copy of the static fields. A template class may be loaded for each separate copy of the static fields when a copy of the static fields is sought to be initialized. The template class may include a static initializer for one of the separate copies of the static fields. The static initializer may be executed once for each separate copy of the static fields.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于多任务系统中的静态变量的线程安全初始化的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，类的静态字段可以被“虚拟化”，使得利用该类的每个应用具有其自己的静态字段的副本。静态字段的每个单独的副本只被初始化一次。用于执行初始化的指令可能嵌入到类构造函数中。对于静态字段的每个单独副本，类构造函数只能执行一次。当寻求静态字段的副本被初始化时，可以为静态字段的每个单独副本加载模板类。模板类可以包括用于静态字段的单独副本之一的静态初始化器。对于静态字段的每个单独副本，静态初始化程序可以执行一次。

4. 发明授权

US08250559B2 Supporting per-program classpaths with class sharing in a multi-tasking virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：在多任务虚拟机中支持具有类共享的每程序类路径
公开(公告)号：US08250559B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US11403076
申请日：2006-04-12
申请人： Laurent P. Daynès , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynès , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/45 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/44521
摘要： System and method for supporting per-program classpath and class sharing in a multi-tasking virtual machine. A virtual machine may allow each program to specify its classpath independently of other programs classpaths. Tasks that specify identical classpaths for their respective class loaders may share the runtime representation of classes. A multi-tasking virtual machine may generate and compare canonical forms of classpaths to determine which programs may share classes with each other. The runtime representation of a class may be split between shared and private portions of the runtime representation. A shared runtime representation may be associated with multiple private runtime representations. In one embodiment, unique class loader keys and a system dictionary may be used to associate tasks, class loaders and the shared representations of classes.
摘要翻译：在多任务虚拟机中支持每程序类路径和类共享的系统和方法。虚拟机可以允许每个程序独立于其他程序类路径来指定其类路径。为其各自的类加载器指定相同的类路径的任务可以共享类的运行时表示。多任务虚拟机可以生成和比较类路径的规范形式，以确定哪些程序可以彼此共享类。类的运行时表示可以在运行时表示的共享部分和私有部分之间分割。共享的运行时表示可以与多个私有运行时表示相关联。在一个实施例中，可以使用唯一类加载器密钥和系统字典来关联任务，类加载器和类的共享表示。

5. 发明授权

US07685597B1 System and method for management of characterized resources 有权
标题翻译：特征资源管理系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07685597B1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-23
申请号：US10783625
申请日：2004-02-20
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Glenn C. Skinner , Ciaran J. Bryce , Stephen C. Hahn , Peter James Soper
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Glenn C. Skinner , Ciaran J. Bryce , Stephen C. Hahn , Peter James Soper
IPC分类号： G06F9/46 , G06F9/44
CPC分类号： G06F9/5016 , G06F2209/504 , G06F2209/508 , Y02D10/22
摘要： Providing a resource domain structure allows flexible management of resources. With flexible management, computations, such as threads and processes, do not have to be related to be bound to the same resource domain. Since resource domains do not require the parent-child relationship, unrelated computations can bind each other to their resource domains. A data structure identifies a resource domain, the resource of the domain, and implementation of a resource management policy. The implementation of the resource management policy includes policy action, which when executed invoke policy imposing isolates. The resource domain data structure also indicates availability of usage of the resource.
摘要翻译：提供资源域结构可以灵活地管理资源。通过灵活的管理，计算（如线程和进程）不必与相同资源域绑定相关。由于资源域不需要父子关系，因此不相关的计算可以将其彼此绑定到其资源域。数据结构标识资源域，域的资源以及资源管理策略的实现。资源管理政策的实施包括政策行动，执行时采取政策强制隔离。资源域数据结构还指示资源的使用可用性。

6. 发明授权

US07234076B2 Multi-level undo of main-memory and volatile resources 有权
标题翻译：主内存和易失资源的多级撤销
公开(公告)号：US07234076B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-19
申请号：US10366851
申请日：2003-02-14
申请人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30607
摘要： System resources (e.g., objects or other resources) are managed to provide multiple levels of undo and/or support for delegation of updates on main-memory resident objects accessible by concurrent transactions. For example, a log associated with each transaction stores information regarding an update to an object when the object is locked in an update mode (e.g., a write mode) by the transaction. The transaction can be rolled back by restoring information from the log of the transaction to the object. If the transaction commits, then the log may be destroyed. If the transaction delegates to another transaction, the log of the transaction is also delegated. A record codelet can be automatically generated to perform the storing of information in the log, and a restore codelet can be automatically generated to undo updates by restoring information from the log to the updated objects. The codelets may be specific to each class of objects. Lock state information is used to identify undo information age so that the undo information may be stored in the log without regard to order, thereby enhancing the speed of the recording process.
摘要翻译：管理系统资源（例如，对象或其他资源）以提供多级别的撤销和/或支持，用于委托可由并发事务访问的主内存驻留对象上的更新。例如，与每个事务相关联的日志存储关于当对象被交易锁定在更新模式（例如，写入模式）时对象的更新的信息。可以通过将事务日志中的信息恢复到对象来回滚事务。如果事务提交，那么日志可能会被破坏。如果事务委托给另一个事务，则还会委托该事务的日志。可以自动生成记录的代码，以便在日志中执行信息的存储，还可以通过将信息从日志还原到更新的对象，自动生成还原代码。这些代码可能是每类对象特有的。锁定状态信息用于识别撤消信息时代，使得undo信息可以不考虑顺序存储在日志中，从而提高记录过程的速度。

7. 发明授权

US07003768B2 Method and apparatus for class intialization barriers and access to class variables in multitasking virtual machines 有权
公开(公告)号：US07003768B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-21
申请号：US09975145
申请日：2001-10-09
申请人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Laurent P. Daynes , Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/45516 , G06F9/445
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a system for efficient class initialization barrier and access to class information private to a task that enables sharing between multiple tasks/virtual machines of both interpreted platform-independent code and the equivalent native code produced at runtime, wherein a class initialization barrier guarantees that a task initializes a class before the class is first used by the program executed by the task. The system operates by associating the shared runtime representation of classes with tables of pointers to task class mirror objects that hold the task private representation of a class. Entries of task class mirror tables are used both as a mean to encode the initialization status of the associated class for a plurality of tasks, and to provide access to the task private representation of a class loaded by a task irrespectively of the initialization state of the class for this task.

8. 发明授权

US06851114B1 Method for improving the performance of safe language multitasking 有权
标题翻译：提高安全语言多任务性能的方法
公开(公告)号：US06851114B1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US09707579
申请日：2000-11-06
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/445 , G06F9/52
摘要： A system and method are provided for isolating the execution of a plurality of applications which access shared data. A limited number of special classes encapsulate data that should be shared by all classes in the multitasking system. Static fields of all classes, including the special classes, are virtualized such that each application has its own copy of static fields and class monitors. However, a special class has special program code associated with it, such that an invocation of any of the methods of the special class causes a switch of an application ID associated with the thread (referred to herein as an effective thread application ID or TA-ID) to a constant value. Thus, the applications may access a single, shared copy of the special class. The TA-ID may be changed back to the original value upon exiting one of the methods. Although one instance of identifier-switching is typically more costly than one instance of determining whether a class is special, the identifier-switching may be performed only for special classes rather than for all classes. The common case may therefore be optimized.
摘要翻译：提供了用于隔离访问共享数据的多个应用程序的执行的系统和方法。有限数量的特殊类封装了多任务系统中所有类共享的数据。所有类的静态字段（包括特殊类）都被虚拟化，使得每个应用程序都有自己的静态字段和类监视器的副本。然而，特殊类具有与其相关联的特殊程序代码，使得特殊类的任何方法的调用导致与线程相关联的应用程序ID的切换（在本文中称为有效线程应用程序ID或TA- ID）变为恒定值。因此，应用程序可以访问特殊类的单个共享副本。退出其中一种方法后，TA-ID可能会更改为原始值。虽然标识符切换的一个实例通常比确定类是否是特殊的一个实例更昂贵，但是标识符切换可以仅针对特殊类而不是针对所有类执行。因此，可以优化常见情况。

9. 发明授权

US06799173B2 Method and apparatus for sharing code containing references to non-shared objects 有权
标题翻译：用于共享包含对非共享对象引用的代码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06799173B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US10102322
申请日：2002-03-19
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes , Nathaniel J. Nystrom
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski , Laurent P. Daynes , Nathaniel J. Nystrom
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F9/44521 , G06F9/45504 , Y10S707/955 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： A system is described that facilitates sharing an object containing embedded references to non-shared objects, which may be located at different virtual memory addresses in different processes. During operation, the system looks up the object in a shared memory area, wherein the shared memory area is mapped to the same virtual address by all sharing processes. If the object does not exist in the shared memory area, the system creates the object within the shared memory area, and sets embedded references in the object to point to entries in an indirection table located at a second virtual address, wherein each sharing process maintains its own private version of the indirection table at the same second virtual address. Next, the system performs a private initialization operation on the object for a specific process by setting references in the private version of the indirection table for the specific process to point to non-shared objects located in a private memory area for the specific process. In this way, the system allows each sharing process to maintain its own private versions of the non-shared objects.
摘要翻译：描述了一种系统，其有助于共享包含对非共享对象的嵌入引用的对象，所述非共享对象可以位于不同进程中的不同虚拟存储器地址处。在操作期间，系统在共享存储器区域中查找对象，其中通过所有共享过程将共享存储器区域映射到相同的虚拟地址。如果对象不存在于共享存储器区域中，则系统在共享存储器区域内创建对象，并且将对象中的嵌入引用设置为指向位于第二虚拟地址的间接表中的条目，其中每个共享过程维护它自己的私有版本的间接表在同一个第二个虚拟地址。接下来，系统通过将特定进程的间接表的私有版本中的引用设置为指向位于特定进程的专用存储器区域中的非共享对象，对特定进程的对象执行私有初始化操作。以这种方式，系统允许每个共享进程维护其自己的私有版本的非共享对象。

10. 发明授权

US06567974B1 Small memory footprint system and method for separating applications within a single virtual machine 有权
标题翻译：用于在单个虚拟机中分离应用程序的小型内存占用系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06567974B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09513291
申请日：2000-02-25
申请人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
发明人： Grzegorz J. Czajkowski
IPC分类号： G06F945
CPC分类号： G06F9/44563
摘要： A system and method for isolating the execution of a plurality of applications. The applications may utilize or share one or more “original” classes. Only one copy of each original class is maintained, regardless of how many applications utilize it. Static fields are extracted from the original classes. A separate copy of the static fields is created for each of the utilizing applications. A static field class which includes instance fields corresponding to the static fields may be created, wherein each instance of the static field class corresponds to one of the utilizing applications. Access methods for the one or more static fields may be created, wherein the access methods are operable to access the corresponding separate copy of the static fields based upon the identity of the utilizing application. A single access methods class may be created for each original class, wherein the single access methods class includes the access methods for accessing the extracted fields from the original class. The method and system may be optimized by exempting from extraction static fields that are classified as secure for utilization by the plurality of applications without inter-application interference. The secure set of static fields may include final static fields of primitive types, final static strings, immutable arrays of primitive types, and/or other appropriate fields.
摘要翻译：一种用于隔离多个应用的执行的系统和方法。应用程序可以利用或共享一个或多个“原始”类。不管有多少应用程序利用它，每个原始类只能保留一个副本。从原始类中提取静态字段。为每个应用程序创建静态字段的单独副本。可以创建包括与静态字段相对应的实例字段的静态字段类，其中静态字段类的每个实例对应于利用应用之一。可以创建用于一个或多个静态字段的访问方法，其中访问方法可操作以基于利用应用的身份访问静态字段的对应的单独副本。可以为每个原始类创建单个访问方法类，其中单个访问方法类包括用于从原始类访问提取的字段的访问方法。该方法和系统可以通过免除被分类为安全的多个应用的提取静态字段来进行优化，而不施加应用间干扰。静态字段的安全集合可以包括原始类型的最终静态字段，最终静态字符串，原始类型的不可变数组和/或其他适当的字段。

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