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1. 发明申请

US20170058710A1 GENERATING STEAM FROM CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL 审中-公开
标题翻译：从碳质材料生成蒸汽
公开(公告)号：US20170058710A1
公开(公告)日：2017-03-02
申请号：US15350927
申请日：2016-11-14
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey HIRSON , Gus F. SHOUSE , Daniel M. HIRSON
IPC分类号： F01K21/04 , H02K7/18 , F23J15/04 , F01K7/16 , F01K7/38
CPC分类号： F01K21/04 , F01K7/16 , F01K7/38 , F01K25/00 , F22B1/00 , F22B1/18 , F22B1/281 , F23G5/085 , F23G5/16 , F23G5/46 , F23G7/061 , F23G7/10 , F23G2206/203 , F23J15/025 , F23J15/04 , F23J15/06 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2215/50 , F23J2217/101 , F23J2219/40 , F23L7/002 , F23L7/007 , H02K7/1823 , Y02E20/12 , Y02E20/344 , Y02E20/363
摘要： Preferred embodiments provide a system and method of generating steam comprising providing a continuous supply of coal, combusting the coal in a primary processing chamber in the presence of oxygen and water to provide a first product gas stream, recovering heat from the first product gas stream in a first heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to produce a first steam output, processing the first product gas stream in a secondary processing chamber in the presence of oxygen and water to provide a second product gas stream substantially free of inorganic, organic and particulate contaminants, recovering heat from the second product gas stream in a second heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) to produce a second steam output, and combining the first steam output and the second steam output. In preferred embodiments, the combined steam output is used to drive a steam turbine. In certain preferred embodiments, the steam turbine is operatively coupled to an electric generator to produce electricity. In preferred embodiments, the system and method further comprises at least one of reducing the temperature of the second product gas stream, treating the second product gas stream by wet scrubbing, separating sulfur from the second product gas stream and collecting the sulfur with a baghouse, using a carbon dioxide recovery system, and discharging a treated gas stream substantially free of contaminants.
摘要翻译：优选的实施方案提供产生蒸汽的系统和方法，包括提供连续的煤供应，在氧和水的存在下在初级处理室中燃烧煤以提供第一产物气流，从第一产物气流中回收热量第一热回收蒸汽发生器（HRSG）以产生第一蒸汽输出，在氧和水的存在下在第二处理室中处理第一产物气流以提供基本上不含无机，有机和微粒污染物的第二产物气流在第二热回收蒸汽发生器（HRSG）中从第二产物气流回收热量以产生第二蒸汽输出，以及组合第一蒸汽输出和第二蒸汽输出。在优选实施例中，组合的蒸汽输出用于驱动蒸汽轮机。在某些优选实施例中，蒸汽轮机可操作地耦合到发电机以产生电力。在优选的实施方案中，该系统和方法还包括降低第二产物气流的温度，通过湿式洗涤处理第二产物气流，从第二产物气流中分离硫并用袋式室收集硫中的至少一种，使用二氧化碳回收系统，并且排出基本上没有污染物的经处理的气流。

2. 发明授权

US09410452B2 Fuel generation using high-voltage electric fields methods 有权
标题翻译：使用高压电场的燃料发电方法
公开(公告)号：US09410452B2
公开(公告)日：2016-08-09
申请号：US14426083
申请日：2013-09-05
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey Hirson , Gus F. Shouse
IPC分类号： C07C27/00 , F01K25/06 , B01J12/00 , C01B3/04 , B01D21/00 , B01D21/01 , B09B3/00 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , C01B3/12 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/00 , B01J19/08 , C01B3/02 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , H05H1/34 , F02C1/05
CPC分类号： F01K25/06 , B01D21/0009 , B01D21/01 , B01J12/002 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0815 , B01J2219/0875 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0898 , B09B3/005 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/12 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0861 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/32 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , C10L2200/0415 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/043 , C10L2200/0446 , C10L2290/38 , C10L2290/42 , F02C1/05 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/13
摘要： Methods of making fuel are described herein. A method may include providing a first working fluid, a second working fluid, and a third working fluid. The method may further include exposing the first working fluid to a first high-voltage electric field to produce a first plasma, exposing the second working fluid to a second high-voltage electric field to produce a second plasma, and exposing the third working fluid to a third high-voltage electric field to produce a third plasma. The method may also include contacting the third plasma, the second plasma, and the first plasma to form a plasma mixture, cooling the plasma mixture using a heat exchange device to form a cooled plasma mixture, and contacting the cooled plasma mixture with a catalyst to form a fuel fluid.
摘要翻译：本文描述了制备燃料的方法。一种方法可以包括提供第一工作流体，第二工作流体和第三工作流体。该方法还可以包括将第一工作流体暴露于第一高压电场以产生第一等离子体，将第二工作流体暴露于第二高压电场以产生第二等离子体，并将第三工作流体暴露于第三高压电场产生第三等离子体。该方法还可以包括使第三等离子体，第二等离子体和第一等离子体接触以形成等离子体混合物，使用热交换装置冷却等离子体混合物以形成冷却的等离子体混合物，并将冷却的等离子体混合物与催化剂接触形成燃料流体。

3. 发明授权

US09273570B2 Methods for power generation from H2O, CO2, O2 and a carbon feed stock 有权
标题翻译：从H2O，CO2，O2和碳源发电的方法
公开(公告)号：US09273570B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-01
申请号：US14426093
申请日：2013-09-05
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey Hirson , Gus F. Shouse
IPC分类号： F23J15/00 , F01K25/06 , B01J12/00 , C01B3/04 , B01D21/00 , B01D21/01 , B09B3/00 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , C01B3/12 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/00 , B01J19/08 , C01B3/02 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , H05H1/34 , F02C1/05
CPC分类号： F01K25/06 , B01D21/0009 , B01D21/01 , B01J12/002 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00186 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0815 , B01J2219/0871 , B01J2219/0875 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0879 , B01J2219/0898 , B03C3/025 , B03C3/16 , B09B3/005 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/12 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0861 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/32 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , C10L2200/0415 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/043 , C10L2200/0446 , C10L2290/38 , C10L2290/42 , F02C1/05 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , H05H1/48 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/13 , Y02T50/678
摘要： In a first processing chamber, a feedstock may be combined with plasma from three plasma torches to form a first fluid mixture. Each torch may have a working gas including water vapor, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The first fluid mixture may be cooled and may contact a first heat exchange device. Water in the first heat exchange device may be converted to steam to generate electric power. The output fluid from the first heat exchange device may be separated into one or more components. A syngas may be derived from the one or more components and have a ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen of about 1:2. The syngas may be heated in a second processing chamber and then cooled to form a second admixture. The second admixture may contact a second heat exchange device that may make steam to power a second electrical generator.
摘要翻译：在第一处理室中，原料可以与来自三个等离子体炬的等离子体组合以形成第一流体混合物。每个手电筒可能具有包括水蒸气，氧气和二氧化碳在内的工作气体。第一流体混合物可以被冷却并且可以接触第一热交换装置。第一热交换装置中的水可以被转换为蒸汽以产生电力。来自第一热交换装置的输出流体可以被分离成一个或多个部件。合成气可以衍生自一种或多种组分，并且一氧化碳与氢的比例为约1:2。可以在第二处理室中加热合成气，然后冷却以形成第二混合物。第二混合物可接触第二热交换装置，其可以使蒸汽为第二发电机供电。

4. 发明申请

US20170209815A1 METHOD FOR SEQUESTERING HEAVY METAL PARTICULATES USING H2O, CO2, O2, AND A SOURCE OF PARTICULATES 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170209815A1
公开(公告)日：2017-07-27
申请号：US15283889
申请日：2016-10-03
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey HIRSON , Gus F. SHOUSE
IPC分类号： B01D21/01 , B09B3/00 , B01J19/08 , C10L1/00 , F01D15/10 , H05H1/44 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/34 , F01K25/06 , F01K7/16 , B01D21/00 , C10L3/10
CPC分类号： B01D21/01 , B01D21/0009 , B01J12/002 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0815 , B01J2219/0875 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0898 , B09B3/005 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/12 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0861 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/32 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10L1/00 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , C10L3/101 , C10L2200/0415 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/043 , C10L2200/0446 , C10L2290/38 , C10L2290/42 , F01D15/10 , F01K7/16 , F01K25/06 , F02C1/05 , F05D2220/31 , F05D2220/76 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/13
摘要： Methods of sequestering toxin particulates are described herein. In a primary processing chamber, a carbon source of toxin particulates may be combined with plasma from three plasma torches to form a first fluid mixture and vitrified toxin residue. Each torch may have a working gas including oxygen gas, water vapor, and carbon dioxide gas. The vitrified toxin residue is removed. The first fluid mixture may be cooled in a first heat exchange device to form a second fluid mixture. The second fluid mixture may contact a wet scrubber. The final product from the wet scrubber may be used as a fuel product.

5. 发明授权

US09458740B2 Method for sequestering heavy metal particulates using H2O, CO2, O2, and a source of particulates 有权
标题翻译：使用H 2 O，CO 2，O 2和颗粒源隔离重金属颗粒的方法
公开(公告)号：US09458740B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-04
申请号：US14426261
申请日：2013-09-05
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey Hirson , Gus F. Shouse
IPC分类号： B01D21/01 , F01K25/06 , B01D21/00 , B01J12/00 , B01J19/08 , B09B3/00 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/04 , C01B3/12 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/00 , C10J3/00 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , F02C1/05 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44
CPC分类号： B01D21/01 , B01D21/0009 , B01J12/002 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0815 , B01J2219/0875 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0898 , B09B3/005 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/12 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0861 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/32 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10L1/00 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , C10L3/101 , C10L2200/0415 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/043 , C10L2200/0446 , C10L2290/38 , C10L2290/42 , F01D15/10 , F01K7/16 , F01K25/06 , F02C1/05 , F05D2220/31 , F05D2220/76 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/13
摘要： Methods of sequestering toxin particulates are described herein. In a primary processing chamber, a carbon source of toxin particulates may be combined with plasma from three plasma torches to form a first fluid mixture and vitrified toxin residue. Each torch may have a working gas including oxygen gas, water vapor, and carbon dioxide gas. The vitrified toxin residue is removed. The first fluid mixture may be cooled in a first heat exchange device to form a second fluid mixture. The second fluid mixture may contact a wet scrubber. The final product from the wet scrubber may be used as a fuel product.
摘要翻译：本文描述了螯合毒素颗粒的方法。在主处理室中，毒素颗粒的碳源可以与来自三个等离子体炬的等离子体组合以形成第一流体混合物和玻璃化毒素残余物。每个手电筒可以具有包括氧气，水蒸汽和二氧化碳气体的工作气体。去除玻璃化毒素残留物。第一流体混合物可以在第一热交换装置中冷却以形成第二流体混合物。第二流体混合物可接触湿式洗涤器。来自湿式洗涤器的最终产品可以用作燃料产品。

6. 发明申请

US20150292736A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REUTILIZING CO2 FROM COMBUSTED CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL 有权
标题翻译：从燃烧的碳质材料中回收二氧化碳的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20150292736A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-15
申请号：US14733588
申请日：2015-06-08
申请人： Powerdyne, Inc.
发明人： Geoffrey HIRSON , Gus F. SHOUSE
IPC分类号： F23J15/04
CPC分类号： F01K21/04 , F01K7/16 , F01K7/38 , F01K25/00 , F22B1/00 , F22B1/18 , F22B1/281 , F23G5/085 , F23G5/16 , F23G5/46 , F23G7/061 , F23G7/10 , F23G2206/203 , F23J15/025 , F23J15/04 , F23J15/06 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2215/50 , F23J2217/101 , F23J2219/40 , F23L7/002 , F23L7/007 , H02K7/1823 , Y02E20/12 , Y02E20/344 , Y02E20/363
摘要： A system for generating steam supplies of coal another material to one or more processing chambers. Each processing chamber includes a plasma arc torch that heats the material in the presence of water and a treatment gas at an extremely high temperature. A product gas stream is delivered from each processing chamber to a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). Each HRSG generates steam that is used to drive a steam turbine. The processing chambers and HRSGs are fluidly connected so that the product gas streams moves from a processing chamber, to a HRSG, to another processing chamber, and then to another HRSG, etc. Within any of the HRSGs, or after the final HRSG, water in the product gas may condense to liquid water that may be redirected to any of the processing chambers. In addition, CO2 from the final HRSG may be redirected into any of the processing chambers to facilitate further reactions in the chambers.
摘要翻译：一种用于产生煤的另一种材料的蒸汽供应到一个或多个处理室的系统。每个处理室包括等离子弧焊炬，其在存在水和在极高温度下处理气体的情况下加热材料。产物气流从每个处理室输送到热回收蒸汽发生器（HRSG）。每个HRSG产生用于驱动蒸汽轮机的蒸汽。处理室和HRSG流体连接，使得产物气流从处理室移动到HRSG到另一个处理室，然后到另一个HRSG等。在任何HRSG内或在最终的HRSG之后，水在产品气体中可能会冷凝成液态水，而液态水可能被重新定向到任何处理室。此外，来自最终HRSG的CO 2可以被重定向到任何处理室中以促进室中的进一步反应。

7. 发明申请

US20150209693A1 METHOD FOR SEQUESTERING HEAVY METAL PARTICULATES USING H2O, CO2, O2, AND A SOURCE OF PARTICULATES 有权
标题翻译：使用H 2 O，CO 2，O 2和A的颗粒物来测序重金属颗粒的方法
公开(公告)号：US20150209693A1
公开(公告)日：2015-07-30
申请号：US14426261
申请日：2013-09-05
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey Hirson , Gus F. Shouse
IPC分类号： B01D21/01 , H05H1/44 , H05H1/42 , B09B3/00 , B01D21/00
CPC分类号： B01D21/01 , B01D21/0009 , B01J12/002 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0815 , B01J2219/0875 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0898 , B09B3/005 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/12 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0861 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/32 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10L1/00 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , C10L3/101 , C10L2200/0415 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/043 , C10L2200/0446 , C10L2290/38 , C10L2290/42 , F01D15/10 , F01K7/16 , F01K25/06 , F02C1/05 , F05D2220/31 , F05D2220/76 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/13
摘要： Methods of sequestering toxin particulates are described herein. In a primary processing chamber, a carbon source of toxin particulates may be combined with plasma from three plasma torches to form a first fluid mixture and vitrified toxin residue. Each torch may have a working gas including oxygen gas, water vapor, and carbon dioxide gas. The vitrified toxin residue is removed. The first fluid mixture may be cooled in a first heat exchange device to form a second fluid mixture. The second fluid mixture may contact a wet scrubber. The final product from the wet scrubber may be used as a fuel product.
摘要翻译：本文描述了螯合毒素颗粒的方法。在主处理室中，毒素颗粒的碳源可以与来自三个等离子体炬的等离子体组合以形成第一流体混合物和玻璃化毒素残余物。每个手电筒可以具有包括氧气，水蒸汽和二氧化碳气体的工作气体。去除玻璃化毒素残留物。第一流体混合物可以在第一热交换装置中冷却以形成第二流体混合物。第二流体混合物可接触湿式洗涤器。来自湿式洗涤器的最终产品可以用作燃料产品。

8. 发明授权

US10065135B2 Method for sequestering heavy metal particulates using H2O, CO2, O2, and a source of particulates 有权
公开(公告)号：US10065135B2
公开(公告)日：2018-09-04
申请号：US15283889
申请日：2016-10-03
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey Hirson , Gus F. Shouse
IPC分类号： B01D21/01 , B01D21/00 , B09B3/00 , B01J19/08 , C10L1/00 , C10L3/10 , H05H1/44 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/34 , F01K25/06 , F01K7/16 , F01D15/10
摘要： Methods of sequestering toxin particulates are described herein. In a primary processing chamber, a carbon source of toxin particulates may be combined with plasma from three plasma torches to form a first fluid mixture and vitrified toxin residue. Each torch may have a working gas including oxygen gas, water vapor, and carbon dioxide gas. The vitrified toxin residue is removed. The first fluid mixture may be cooled in a first heat exchange device to form a second fluid mixture. The second fluid mixture may contact a wet scrubber. The final product from the wet scrubber may be used as a fuel product.

9. 发明授权

US09561486B2 System for generating fuel materials using Fischer-Tropsch catalysts and plasma sources 有权
标题翻译：使用费 - 托催化剂和等离子体源产生燃料的系统
公开(公告)号：US09561486B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-07
申请号：US14426268
申请日：2013-09-05
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey Hirson , Gus F. Shouse
IPC分类号： B01J19/08 , C10G2/00 , B01J12/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/088 , B01D21/0009 , B01D21/01 , B01J12/00 , B01J12/002 , B01J2219/00058 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00164 , B01J2219/00186 , B01J2219/0805 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0815 , B01J2219/0869 , B01J2219/0871 , B01J2219/0875 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0879 , B01J2219/0892 , B01J2219/0898 , B09B3/005 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/12 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0861 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/32 , C10G2/341 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1659 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , C10L2200/0415 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/043 , C10L2200/0446 , C10L2290/38 , C10L2290/42 , F01K25/06 , F02C1/05 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/13
摘要： In a first processing chamber, a feedstock may be combined with plasma from, for example, three plasma torches to form a first fluid mixture. Each torch may have a working gas including water vapor, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The first fluid mixture may be cooled and may contact a first heat exchange device. The output fluid from the first heat exchange device may be separated into one or more components. A syngas may be derived from the one or more components and have a ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen of about 1:2. The syngas may be transferred to a catalyst bed to be converted into one or more fluid fuels.
摘要翻译：在第一处理室中，原料可以与来自例如三个等离子体炬的等离子体组合以形成第一流体混合物。每个手电筒可能具有包括水蒸气，氧气和二氧化碳在内的工作气体。第一流体混合物可以被冷却并且可以接触第一热交换装置。来自第一热交换装置的输出流体可以被分离成一个或多个部件。合成气可以衍生自一种或多种组分，并且一氧化碳与氢的比例为约1:2。合成气可以转移到催化剂床中以转化成一种或多种流体燃料。

10. 发明申请

US20150232772A1 FUEL GENERATION USING HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS METHODS 有权
标题翻译：使用高压电场方法的燃料产生
公开(公告)号：US20150232772A1
公开(公告)日：2015-08-20
申请号：US14426248
申请日：2013-09-05
申请人： POWERDYNE, INC.
发明人： Geoffrey Hirson , Gus F. Shouse
IPC分类号： C10L1/04 , C01B3/12 , C10G2/00
CPC分类号： C10L1/04 , B01D21/0009 , B01D21/01 , B01J12/002 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00162 , B01J2219/00186 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0815 , B01J2219/0871 , B01J2219/0875 , B01J2219/0877 , B01J2219/0879 , B01J2219/0892 , B01J2219/0898 , B09B3/005 , C01B3/02 , C01B3/042 , C01B3/12 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/0861 , C07C1/04 , C10G2/32 , C10G2/332 , C10G2/333 , C10G2/50 , C10J3/00 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1675 , C10L1/06 , C10L1/08 , C10L2200/0415 , C10L2200/0423 , C10L2200/043 , C10L2200/0446 , C10L2200/0492 , C10L2270/023 , C10L2270/026 , C10L2270/04 , C10L2290/06 , C10L2290/30 , C10L2290/38 , C10L2290/42 , F01K25/06 , F02C1/05 , H05H1/34 , H05H1/42 , H05H1/44 , H05H1/48 , Y02E50/32 , Y02E60/364 , Y02P20/13
摘要： Methods of making fuel are described herein. A method may include providing a first working fluid, a second working fluid, and a third working fluid. The method may also include exposing the first working fluid to a first high voltage electric field to produce a first plasma, exposing the second working fluid to a second high voltage electric field to produce a second plasma, and exposing the third working fluid to a third high voltage electric field to produce a third plasma. The method may also include providing and contacting a carbon-based feedstock with the third plasma, the second plasma, and the first plasma within a processing chamber to form a mixture, cooling the mixture using a heat exchange device to form a cooled mixture, and contacting the cooled mixture with a catalyst to form a fuel.
摘要翻译：本文描述了制备燃料的方法。一种方法可以包括提供第一工作流体，第二工作流体和第三工作流体。该方法还可以包括将第一工作流体暴露于第一高压电场以产生第一等离子体，将第二工作流体暴露于第二高压电场以产生第二等离子体，并将第三工作流体暴露于第三等离子体高压电场产生第三等离子体。该方法还可以包括在处理室内提供和接触基于碳的原料与第三等离子体，第二等离子体和第一等离子体以形成混合物，使用热交换装置冷却混合物以形成冷却的混合物，以及使冷却的混合物与催化剂接触以形成燃料。

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