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1. 发明授权

US06281817B1 Z-coder: a fast adaptive binary arithmetic coder 有权
公开(公告)号：US06281817B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09795395
申请日：2001-02-28
申请人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
发明人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
摘要： A binary arithmetic coder and decoder provides improved coding accuracy due to improved probability estimation and adaptation. They also provide improved decoding speed through a “fast path” design wherein decoding of a most probable symbol requires few computational steps. Coded data represents data that is populated by more probable symbols (“MPS”) and less probable symbols (“LPS”). In an embodiment, a decoder receives a segment of the coded data as a binary fraction C. It defines a coding interval of possible values of C, the interval extending from a variable lower bound A to a constant upper bound 1. For each position in the decoded symbol string, the decoder computes a test value Z that subdivides the coding interval into sub-intervals according to the relative probabilities that an MPS or an LPS occurs in the position. A first sub-interval extends from the lower bound A to the test value Z; the second sub-interval extending from the test value Z to 1. If C is greater than Z, the decoder emits an MPS for the current position in the decoded symbol string and sets the lower bound A to the test variable Z for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. If C is less than Z, the decoder emits an LPS and computes a new lower bound A and a new binary fraction C for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. The encoder operates according to analogous techniques to compose coded data from original data.

2. 发明授权

US07958532B2 Method of transmitting layered video-coded information 有权
标题翻译：发送分层视频编码信息的方法
公开(公告)号：US07958532B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US09882036
申请日：2001-06-18
申请人： Baldine-Brunel Paul , Glenn L. Cash , M. Reha Civanlar , Barin Geoffry Haskell , Paul G. Howard , Atul Puri , Robert Lewis Schmidt
发明人： Baldine-Brunel Paul , Glenn L. Cash , M. Reha Civanlar , Barin Geoffry Haskell , Paul G. Howard , Atul Puri , Robert Lewis Schmidt
IPC分类号： H04N7/173 , G06F15/16 , H04N7/14 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N21/631 , H04N21/234327 , H04N21/2662 , H04N21/6437 , H04N21/64738
摘要： Video-coded information is transmitted over a network at a priority level that is determined based on feedback from the network. In an embodiment, the feedback comprises a response to a request for information on whether the network currently has the available capacity to transmit additional high priority traffic. In an embodiment, a candidate base layer frame is transmitted over the network as a base layer frame if permission to send high priority data was granted and is transmitted over the network as an enhancement layer frame if permission to send high priority data was denied. In a further embodiment, the candidate base layer frame is deleted if permission to send high priority data was denied.
摘要翻译：视频编码信息通过网络以优先级进行发送，该优先级基于来自网络的反馈确定。在一个实施例中，反馈包括对关于网络当前是否具有发送附加高优先级业务的可用容量的信息的请求的响应。在一个实施例中，如果许可发送高优先级数据被许可，则通过网络作为基本层帧来发送候选基本层帧，并且如果允许发送高优先级数据被拒绝，则通过网络作为增强层帧发送。在另一实施例中，如果发送高优先级数据的许可被拒绝，则候选基本层帧被删除。

3. 发明授权

US06225925B1 Z-coder: a fast adaptive binary arithmetic coder 失效
标题翻译： Z编码器：快速自适应二进制算术编码器
公开(公告)号：US06225925B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-01
申请号：US09042007
申请日：1998-03-13
申请人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
发明人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
IPC分类号： H03M700
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： A binary arithmetic coder and decoder provides improved coding accuracy due to improved probability estimation and adaptation. They also provide improved decoding speed through a “fast path” design wherein decoding of a most probable symbol requires few computational steps. Coded data represents data that is populated by more probable symbols (“MPS”) and less probable symbols (“LPS”). In an embodiment, a decoder receives a segment of the coded data as a binary fraction C. It defines a coding interval of possible values of C, the interval extending from a variable lower bound A to a constant upper bound 1. For each position in the decoded symbol string, the decoder computes a test value Z that subdivides the coding interval into sub-intervals according to the relative probabilities that an MPS or an LPS occurs in the position. A first sub-interval extends from the lower bound A to the test value Z; the second sub-interval extending from the test value Z to 1. If C is greater than Z, the decoder emits an MPS for the current position in the decoded symbol string and sets the lower bound A to the test variable Z for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. If C is less than Z, the decoder emits an LPS and computes a new lower bound A and a new binary fraction C for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. The encoder operates according to analogous techniques to compose coded data from original data.
摘要翻译：二进制算术编码器和解码器由于改进的概率估计和适应性而提供改进的编码精度。它们还通过“快速路径”设计提供改进的解码速度，其中对最可能符号的解码需要很少的计算步骤。编码数据表示由更可能的符号（“MPS”）和较少的可能符号（“LPS”）填充的数据。在一个实施例中，解码器接收编码数据的一段作为二进制分数C.它定义了C的可能值的编码间隔，C是从可变下界A延伸到恒定上限1的间隔。对于解码符号串，解码器根据MPS或LPS发生在该位置的相对概率来计算将编码间隔分割为子间隔的测试值Z。第一个子间隔从下限A延伸到测试值Z; 第二子区间从测试值Z延伸到1.如果C大于Z，则解码器针对解码的符号串中的当前位置发出MPS，并将下限A设置为测试变量Z以在解码期间使用的解码符号串中的下一个位置。如果C小于Z，则解码器发出LPS并计算新的下限A和新的二进制分数C，以便在解码的符号串中的下一个位置的解码期间使用。编码器根据类似的技术操作以从原始数据构成编码数据。

4. 发明授权

US5275852A Simulated stone product 失效
标题翻译：模拟石制品
公开(公告)号：US5275852A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-04
申请号：US623303
申请日：1990-12-06
申请人： Anthony H. Jones , Paul G. Howard
发明人： Anthony H. Jones , Paul G. Howard
IPC分类号： C04B14/36 , C04B26/02 , B44F9/04
CPC分类号： C04B14/36 , C04B26/02 , C04B2111/542 , Y10T428/24405
摘要： A sodium chloride filler for resin-based simulated stone products is disclosed, as well as a simulated stone product including the sodium chloride filler, and a method of preparing same. The product includes a resin base, a catalyst capable of polymerizing the resin and particulate sodium chloride. Pigments and other fillers may be included to yield special aesthetic effects. The method of the invention comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of the resin with catalyst and particulate sodium chloride, and perhaps pigment and other fillers. Two sodium chloride filler particle size ranges are preferred. Finally, the mixture is transferred to a mold, the mold having been coated with a gel coat, and/or a coat of resin with an alternative filler, in preparation for receiving the mixture. A kit including the foregoing ingredients and instructions for combining same is also within the scope of the invention.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于基于树脂的模拟石材产品的氯化钠填料，以及包括氯化钠填料的模拟石制品及其制备方法。该产品包括树脂基料，能够使树脂聚合的催化剂和颗粒状氯化钠。可以包括颜料和其它填料以产生特殊的美学效果。本发明的方法包括以下步骤：将一定数量的树脂与催化剂和颗粒氯化钠混合，以及可能的颜料和其它填料。两种氯化钠填料粒度范围是优选的。最后，将混合物转移到模具中，模具已经涂覆有凝胶涂层，和/或具有替代填料的树脂涂层，以准备接收混合物。包含上述成分的试剂盒和用于组合的说明书也在本发明的范围内。

5. 发明授权

US08621532B2 Method of transmitting layered video-coded information 有权
标题翻译：发送分层视频编码信息的方法
公开(公告)号：US08621532B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-31
申请号：US11419844
申请日：2006-05-23
申请人： Baldine-Brunel Paul , Glenn L. Cash , M. Reha Civanlar , Barin Geoffry Haskell , Paul G. Howard , Atul Puri , Robert Lewis Schmidt
发明人： Baldine-Brunel Paul , Glenn L. Cash , M. Reha Civanlar , Barin Geoffry Haskell , Paul G. Howard , Atul Puri , Robert Lewis Schmidt
IPC分类号： H04N7/173 , H04N7/12 , H04N11/02 , H04N11/04
CPC分类号： H04N21/631 , H04N21/234327 , H04N21/2662 , H04N21/6437 , H04N21/64738
摘要： Video-coded information is transmitted over a network at a priority level that is determined based on feedback from the network. In an embodiment, the feedback comprises a response to a request for information on whether the network currently has the available capacity to transmit additional high priority traffic. In an embodiment, a candidate base layer frame is transmitted over a network as a base layer frame if permission to send high priority data was granted and is transmitted over the network as an enhancement layer frame if permission to send high priority data was denied. In a further embodiment, the candidate base layer frame is deleted if permission to send high priority data was denied.
摘要翻译：视频编码信息通过网络以优先级进行发送，该优先级基于来自网络的反馈确定。在一个实施例中，反馈包括对关于网络当前是否具有发送附加高优先级业务的可用容量的信息的请求的响应。在一个实施例中，如果许可发送高优先级数据被许可，则通过网络作为基本层帧来发送候选基本层帧，并且如果许可发送高优先级数据被拒绝，则通过网络作为增强层帧发送。在另一实施例中，如果发送高优先级数据的许可被拒绝，则候选基本层帧被删除。

6. 发明授权

US06476740B1 Z-coder: a fast adaptive binary arithmetic coder 有权
标题翻译： Z编码器：快速自适应二进制算术编码器
公开(公告)号：US06476740B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-05
申请号：US10014907
申请日：2001-12-14
申请人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
发明人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
IPC分类号： H03M700
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： A binary arithmetic coder and decoder provides improved coding accuracy due to improved probability estimation and adaptation. They also provide improved decoding speed through a “fast path” design wherein decoding of a most probable symbol requires few computational steps. Coded data represents data that is populated by more probable symbols (“MPS”) and less probable symbols (“LPS”). In an embodiment, a decoder receives a segment of the coded data as a binary fraction C. It defines a coding interval of possible values of C, the interval extending from a variable lower bound A to a constant upper bound 1. For each position in the decoded symbol string, the decoder computes a test value Z that subdivides the coding interval into sub-intervals according to the relative probabilities that an MPS or an LPS occurs in the position. A first sub-interval extends from the lower bound A to the test value z; the second sub-interval extending from the test value Z to 1. If C is greater than Z, the decoder emits an MPS for the current position in the decoded symbol string and sets the lower bound A to the test variable Z for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. If C is less than Z, the decoder emits an LPS and computes a new lower bound A and a new binary fraction C for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. The encoder operates according to analogous techniques to compose coded data from original data.
摘要翻译：二进制算术编码器和解码器由于改进的概率估计和适应性而提供改进的编码精度。它们还通过“快速路径”设计提供改进的解码速度，其中对最可能符号的解码需要很少的计算步骤。编码数据表示由更可能的符号（“MPS”）和较少的可能符号（“LPS”）填充的数据。在一个实施例中，解码器接收编码数据的一段作为二进制分数C.它定义了C的可能值的编码间隔，C是从可变下界A延伸到恒定上限1的间隔。对于解码符号串，解码器根据MPS或LPS发生在该位置的相对概率来计算将编码间隔分割为子间隔的测试值Z。第一个子间隔从下限A延伸到测试值z; 第二子区间从测试值Z延伸到1.如果C大于Z，则解码器针对解码的符号串中的当前位置发出MPS，并将下限A设置为测试变量Z以在解码期间使用的解码符号串中的下一个位置。如果C小于Z，则解码器发出LPS并计算新的下限A和新的二进制分数C，以便在解码的符号串中的下一个位置的解码期间使用。编码器根据类似的技术操作以从原始数据构成编码数据。

7. 发明授权

US06188334B1 Z-coder: fast adaptive binary arithmetic coder 有权
标题翻译： Z编码器：快速自适应二进制算术编码器
公开(公告)号：US06188334B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-13
申请号：US09565443
申请日：2000-05-05
申请人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
发明人： Yoshua Bengio , Leon Bottou , Paul G. Howard
IPC分类号： H03M700
CPC分类号： H03M7/4006
摘要： A binary arithmetic coder and decoder provides improved coding accuracy due to improved probability estimation and adaptation. They also provide improved decoding speed through a “fast path” design wherein decoding of a most probable symbol requires few computational steps. Coded data represents data that is populated by more probable symbols (“MPS”) and less probable symbols (“LPS”). In an embodiment, a decoder receives a segment of the coded data as a binary fraction C. It defines a coding interval of possible values of C, the interval extending from a variable lower bound A to a constant upper bound 1. For each position in the decoded symbol string, the decoder computes a test value Z that subdivides the coding interval into sub-intervals according to the relative probabilities that an MPS or an LPS occurs in the position. A first sub-interval extends from the lower bound A to the test value Z; the second sub-interval extending from the test value Z to 1. If C is greater than Z, the decoder emits an MPS for the current position in the decoded symbol string and sets the lower bound A to the test variable Z for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. If C is less than Z, the decoder emits an LPS and computes a new lower bound A and a new binary fraction C for use during decoding of the next position in the decoded symbol string. The encoder operates according to analogous techniques to compose coded data from original data.
摘要翻译：二进制算术编码器和解码器由于改进的概率估计和适应性而提供改进的编码精度。它们还通过“快速路径”设计提供改进的解码速度，其中对最可能符号的解码需要很少的计算步骤。编码数据表示由更可能的符号（“MPS”）和较少的可能符号（“LPS”）填充的数据。在一个实施例中，解码器接收编码数据的一段作为二进制分数C.它定义了C的可能值的编码间隔，C是从可变下界A延伸到恒定上限1的间隔。对于解码符号串，解码器根据MPS或LPS发生在该位置的相对概率来计算将编码间隔分割为子间隔的测试值Z。第一个子间隔从下限A延伸到测试值Z; 第二子区间从测试值Z延伸到1.如果C大于Z，则解码器针对解码的符号串中的当前位置发出MPS，并将下限A设置为测试变量Z以在解码期间使用的解码符号串中的下一个位置。如果C小于Z，则解码器发出LPS并计算新的下限A和新的二进制分数C，以便在解码的符号串中的下一个位置的解码期间使用。编码器根据类似的技术操作以从原始数据构成编码数据。

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