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1. 发明授权

US09947935B1 Facile control of pore structure in carbon-supported PGM-based catalysts 有权
公开(公告)号：US09947935B1
公开(公告)日：2018-04-17
申请号：US15282080
申请日：2016-09-30
申请人： GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC
发明人： Anusorn Kongkanand , Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： B01J21/18 , B01J23/40 , B01J37/12 , B01J37/14 , B01J37/18 , H01M4/88 , H01M4/92 , H01M4/90
CPC分类号： H01M4/8882 , H01M4/8878 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/926 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A method for forming a carbon supported catalyst includes a step of providing a first carbon supported catalyst having a platinum-group metal supported on a first carbon support. Characteristically, the first carbon support has a first average micropore diameter and a first average carbon surface area. The first carbon supported catalyst is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature less than about 450° C. for a predetermined period of time to form a second carbon supported catalyst, wherein the first carbon support or the second carbon supported catalyst is acid leached.

2. 发明授权

US09302914B2 Methods for making hollow carbon materials and active materials for electrodes 有权
标题翻译：制造中空碳材料和电极活性材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US09302914B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-05
申请号：US14194089
申请日：2014-02-28
申请人： GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC
发明人： Zhongyi Liu , Qiangfeng Xiao , Xingcheng Xiao , Michael K. Carpenter , Mei Cai
IPC分类号： B44C1/22 , C23F1/00 , C23F3/00 , C01B31/04 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/36 , H01M4/62 , C01B31/02 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/48 , H01M10/052
CPC分类号： C01B31/04 , C01B31/02 , C01B32/05 , H01M4/0471 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/362 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/387 , H01M4/483 , H01M4/625 , H01M10/052 , H01M2004/021
摘要： In an example of a method for making a hollow carbon material, a carbon black particle is obtained. The carbon black particle has a concentric crystallite structure with an at least partially amorphous carbon core and a graphitic carbon shell surrounding the at least partially amorphous carbon core. The carbon black particle is exposed to any of a heat treatment, a chemical treatment, or an electrochemical treatment which removes the at least partially amorphous carbon core to form the hollow carbon material.
摘要翻译：在制造中空碳材料的方法的实例中，获得炭黑颗粒。炭黑颗粒具有至少部分无定形碳芯的同心微晶结构和围绕至少部分无定形碳芯的石墨碳壳。炭黑颗粒暴露于除去至少部分无定形碳芯以形成中空碳材料的任何热处理，化学处理或电化学处理。

3. 发明申请

US20160149218A1 POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR SULFUR-BASED BATTERIES 有权
标题翻译：用于基于硫的电池的正电极
公开(公告)号：US20160149218A1
公开(公告)日：2016-05-26
申请号：US14555026
申请日：2014-11-26
申请人： GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC
发明人： Zhongyi Liu , Qiangfeng Xiao , Mei Cai , Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： H01M4/62 , H01M10/0568 , H01M2/14 , H01M10/0569 , H01M4/38 , H01M10/052
CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 , H01M4/364 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/62 , H01M4/621 , H01M4/624 , H01M10/052 , Y02T10/7011
摘要： A positive electrode includes a sulfur-based active material, a binder, a conductive filler, and porous, one-dimensional metal oxide nanorods. The one-dimensional metal oxide nanorods are mixed, as an additive, throughout the positive electrode with the sulfur-based active material, the binder, and the conductive filler. The positive electrode with the porous, one-dimensional metal oxide nanorods may be incorporated into any sulfur-based battery.
摘要翻译：正极包括硫基活性材料，粘合剂，导电填料和多孔的一维金属氧化物纳米棒。将一维金属氧化物纳米棒作为添加剂以整个正极与硫基活性材料，粘合剂和导电填料混合。具有多孔一维金属氧化物纳米棒的正极可以并入任何硫基电池中。

4. 发明申请

US20150246816A1 METHODS FOR MAKING HOLLOW CARBON MATERIALS AND ACTIVE MATERIALS FOR ELECTRODES 有权
标题翻译：用于制造中空碳材料和电极活性材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US20150246816A1
公开(公告)日：2015-09-03
申请号：US14194089
申请日：2014-02-28
申请人： GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC
发明人： Zhongyi Liu , Qiangfeng Xiao , Xingcheng Xiao , Michael K. Carpenter , Mei Cai
IPC分类号： C01B31/04 , H01M4/04
CPC分类号： C01B31/04 , C01B31/02 , C01B32/05 , H01M4/0471 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/362 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/387 , H01M4/483 , H01M4/625 , H01M10/052 , H01M2004/021
摘要： In an example of a method for making a hollow carbon material, a carbon black particle is obtained. The carbon black particle has a concentric crystallite structure with an at least partially amorphous carbon core and a graphitic carbon shell surrounding the at least partially amorphous carbon core. The carbon black particle is exposed to any of a heat treatment, a chemical treatment, or an electrochemical treatment which removes the at least partially amorphous carbon core to form the hollow carbon material.
摘要翻译：在制造中空碳材料的方法的实例中，获得炭黑颗粒。炭黑颗粒具有至少部分无定形碳芯的同心微晶结构和围绕至少部分无定形碳芯的石墨碳壳。炭黑颗粒暴露于除去至少部分无定形碳芯以形成中空碳材料的任何热处理，化学处理或电化学处理。

5. 发明申请

US20130053239A1 Synthesis Of Platinum-Alloy Nanoparticles And Supported Catalysts Including The Same 有权
标题翻译：铂 - 合金纳米粒子的合成及其包含的纳米催化剂
公开(公告)号：US20130053239A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-28
申请号：US13653688
申请日：2012-10-17
申请人： GM Global Technology Operations LLC
发明人： Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： B01J23/89 , B82Y35/00 , B82Y40/00
CPC分类号： B22F9/24 , B22F1/0018 , B82Y40/00 , C22C1/0466 , H01M4/921 , H01M4/925 , Y02E60/50
摘要： Methods of synthesizing platinum-nickel-alloy nanoparticles and supported catalysts comprising the nanoparticles are provided. The methods may comprise forming a reaction mixture in a reaction vessel; heating the reaction mixture sealed in the reaction vessel to a reaction temperature; maintaining the temperature of the reaction vessel for a period of time; cooling the reaction vessel; and removing platinum-alloy nanoparticles from the reaction vessel. The reaction mixture may comprise a platinum precursor, a nickel precursor, a formamide reducing solvent, and optionally a cobalt precursor. In some embodiments the reaction temperature is at or below the boiling point of the formamide reducing solvent, such as from about 120° C. to about 150° C., for example. The platinum-alloy nanoparticles provide favorable electrocatalytic activity when supported on a catalyst support material.
摘要翻译：提供合成铂 - 镍合金纳米颗粒的方法和包含纳米颗粒的负载型催化剂。所述方法可包括在反应容器中形成反应混合物; 将密封在反应容器中的反应混合物加热至反应温度; 保持反应容器的温度一段时间; 冷却反应容器; 并从反应容器中除去铂合金纳米颗粒。反应混合物可以包含铂前体，镍前体，甲酰胺还原溶剂和任选的钴前体。在一些实施方案中，反应温度等于或低于甲酰胺还原溶剂的沸点，例如约120℃至约150℃。当铂催化剂载体材料负载时，铂合金纳米颗粒提供了良好的电催化活性。

6. 发明授权

US09761884B2 Synthesis of alloy nanoparticles as a stable core for core-shell electrocatalysts 有权
公开(公告)号：US09761884B2
公开(公告)日：2017-09-12
申请号：US14309293
申请日：2014-06-19
申请人： GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC
发明人： Mohammed Atwan , Anusorn Kongkanand , Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： H01M4/90 , H01M4/88 , H01M4/86 , B22F1/00 , B22F1/02 , B22F9/24 , C22C1/05 , C22C26/00
CPC分类号： H01M4/9041 , B22F1/0018 , B22F1/02 , B22F9/24 , C22C1/058 , C22C26/00 , C22C2026/002 , H01M4/8657 , H01M4/9083
摘要： A method for making tungsten-alloy nanoparticles that are useful for fuel cell applications includes a step of combining a solvent system and a surfactant to form a first mixture. A tungsten precursor is introduced into the first mixture to form a tungsten precursor suspension. The tungsten precursor suspension is heated to form tungsten nanoparticles. The tungsten nanoparticles are combined with carbon particles to form carbon-nanoparticle composite particles. The carbon-nanoparticle composite particles are combined with a metal salt to form carbon-nanoparticle composite particles with adhered metal salt, the metal salt including a metal other than tungsten. The third solvent system is then removed. A two-stage heat treatment is applied to the carbon-nanoparticle composite particles with adhered metal salt to form carbon supported tungsten-alloy nanoparticles. A method for making carbon supported tungsten alloys by reducing a tungsten salt and a metal salt is also provided.

7. 发明申请

US20180331368A1 FUEL CELL WITH SEGREGATED ELECTROLYTE DISTRIBUTION AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180331368A1
公开(公告)日：2018-11-15
申请号：US15593383
申请日：2017-05-12
申请人： GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC
发明人： Anusorn Kongkanand , Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： H01M4/88 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/1039 , H01M8/1032 , H01M8/1004 , C08J5/22 , B01J39/20 , B01J47/12
CPC分类号： H01M4/8892 , B01J39/20 , B01J47/12 , C08J5/225 , H01M4/881 , H01M4/8828 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1032 , H01M8/1039 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A method of making a fuel cell including the following steps: comprising: (a) mixing carbon nanotubes (CNT) with an initial dispersion, wherein the initial dispersion includes an ionomer; (b) heating and stirring the initial dispersion to form a CNT-ionomer composite suspension; (c) after forming the CNT-ionomer composite suspension, mixing the CNT-ionomer composite suspension with an electrode catalyst solution to form an electrode ink, wherein the electrode catalyst solution includes a carbon black powder and a catalyst supported by the carbon black powder; and (d) coating a proton exchange membrane with the electrode ink to form the fuel cell electrode.

8. 发明授权

US09564659B2 Positive electrode for sulfur-based batteries 有权
标题翻译：硫电池用正极
公开(公告)号：US09564659B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-07
申请号：US14555026
申请日：2014-11-26
申请人： GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC
发明人： Zhongyi Liu , Qiangfeng Xiao , Mei Cai , Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： H01M4/62 , H01M10/0568 , H01M2/14 , H01M10/0569 , H01M4/38 , H01M10/052 , H01M4/36 , H01M4/58
CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 , H01M4/364 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/5815 , H01M4/62 , H01M4/621 , H01M4/624 , H01M10/052 , Y02T10/7011
摘要： A positive electrode includes a sulfur-based active material, a binder, a conductive filler, and porous, one-dimensional metal oxide nanorods. The one-dimensional metal oxide nanorods are mixed, as an additive, throughout the positive electrode with the sulfur-based active material, the binder, and the conductive filler. The positive electrode with the porous, one-dimensional metal oxide nanorods may be incorporated into any sulfur-based battery.
摘要翻译：正极包括硫基活性材料，粘合剂，导电填料和多孔的一维金属氧化物纳米棒。将一维金属氧化物纳米棒作为添加剂以整个正极与硫基活性材料，粘合剂和导电填料混合。具有多孔一维金属氧化物纳米棒的正极可以并入任何硫基电池中。

9. 发明授权

US09379374B2 Methods for forming negative electrode active materials for lithium-based batteries 有权
标题翻译：用于形成锂基电池用负极活性物质的方法
公开(公告)号：US09379374B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-28
申请号：US14332184
申请日：2014-07-15
申请人： GM Global Technology Operations LLC
发明人： Zhongyi Liu , Xingcheng Xiao , Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： B05D5/12 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/1391 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/36 , H01M4/583 , H01M4/02
CPC分类号： H01M4/0402 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/1391 , H01M4/1395 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/583 , H01M4/625 , H01M2004/027 , H01M2220/10 , H01M2220/30
摘要： In an example method, a transition metal precursor is selected so its transition metal has a diffusion rate that is slower than a diffusion rate of silicon. An aqueous mixture is formed by dissolving the precursor in an aqueous medium, and adding silicon particles to the medium. The mixture is exposed to a hydroxide, which forms a product including the silicon particles and a transition metal hydroxide precipitate. The product is dried. In an inert or reducing environment, silicon atoms of the silicon particles in the dried product are caused to diffuse out of, and form voids in and/or at a surface of, the particles. At least some silicon atoms react with the transition metal hydroxide in the dried product to form i) a SiOx (0
摘要翻译：在示例性方法中，选择过渡金属前体，使得其过渡金属具有比硅的扩散速率慢的扩散速率。通过将前体溶解在水性介质中并将硅颗粒添加到介质中来形成含水混合物。将混合物暴露于氢氧化物，其形成包括硅颗粒和过渡金属氢氧化物沉淀物的产物。产品干燥。在惰性或还原环境中，使干燥产物中的硅颗粒的硅原子扩散到颗粒内和/或表面上形成空隙。至少一些硅原子与干燥产物中的过渡金属氢氧化物反应以形成i）硅颗粒上的SiO x（0

10. 发明授权

US09272334B2 Synthesis of platinum-alloy nanoparticles and supported catalysts including the same 有权
标题翻译：铂合金纳米粒子的合成及包括其的负载型催化剂
公开(公告)号：US09272334B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-01
申请号：US13653688
申请日：2012-10-17
申请人： GM Global Technology Operations LLC
发明人： Michael K. Carpenter
IPC分类号： B22F9/24 , H01M4/92 , B82Y40/00 , B22F1/00 , C22C1/04
CPC分类号： B22F9/24 , B22F1/0018 , B82Y40/00 , C22C1/0466 , H01M4/921 , H01M4/925 , Y02E60/50
摘要： Methods of synthesizing platinum-nickel-alloy nanoparticles and supported catalysts comprising the nanoparticles are provided. The methods may comprise forming a reaction mixture in a reaction vessel; heating the reaction mixture sealed in the reaction vessel to a reaction temperature; maintaining the temperature of the reaction vessel for a period of time; cooling the reaction vessel; and removing platinum-alloy nanoparticles from the reaction vessel. The reaction mixture may comprise a platinum precursor, a nickel precursor, a formamide reducing solvent, and optionally a cobalt precursor. In some embodiments the reaction temperature is at or below the boiling point of the formamide reducing solvent, such as from about 120° C. to about 150° C., for example. The platinum-alloy nanoparticles provide favorable electrocatalytic activity when supported on a catalyst support material.
摘要翻译：提供合成铂 - 镍合金纳米颗粒的方法和包含纳米颗粒的负载型催化剂。所述方法可以包括在反应容器中形成反应混合物; 将密封在反应容器中的反应混合物加热至反应温度; 保持反应容器的温度一段时间; 冷却反应容器; 并从反应容器中除去铂合金纳米颗粒。反应混合物可以包含铂前体，镍前体，甲酰胺还原溶剂和任选的钴前体。在一些实施方案中，反应温度等于或低于甲酰胺还原溶剂的沸点，例如约120℃至约150℃。当铂催化剂载体材料负载时，铂合金纳米颗粒提供了良好的电催化活性。

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