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    • 3. 发明申请
    • METHOD FOR COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS OF FULLERENES
    • 燃烧合成方法
    • US20080286190A1
    • 2008-11-20
    • US12184801
    • 2008-08-01
    • Jack B. HOWARDDavid F. KRONHOLMAnthony J. MODESTINOHenning RICHTER
    • Jack B. HOWARDDavid F. KRONHOLMAnthony J. MODESTINOHenning RICHTER
    • C01B31/02
    • F23C6/02B01J2219/00157B82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01B32/15C01B32/152F23C99/00Y10S977/734Y10S977/842
    • A mode of combustion and multi-component reactor to accomplish this mode of combustion are disclosed which produces fullerenes and fullerenic material by combustion. This mode consists of de-coupling an oxidation region of a flame from a post-flame region, thus giving greater control over operating parameters, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, and pressure; allows conditions of the operating parameters of the combustion reaction to be attained which would not be easily attained by conventional methods; and offers the ability to more easily stabilize the combustion reactions to allow for higher throughputs of fuel and oxidant. Several embodiments of a primary zone of a multi-component reactor are also disclosed. Said primary zone serves as the oxidation region, operates on the principle of providing recycle to the reacting combustion mixture, and which may be operated as approximately a well-mixed reactor. A secondary zone is also disclosed which provides further residence time for reaction and the ability to control operating parameters, operates on the principle of minimizing recycle of the reacting combustion mixture. The secondary zone may be operated as approximately a plug-flow reactor. The primary and secondary zones may be operated in conjunction or either one alone.
    • 公开了实现这种燃烧模式的燃烧和多组分反应器的模式,其通过燃烧产生富勒烯和富勒烯物质。 该模式包括将来自火焰后区域的火焰的氧化区域去耦合,从而对操作参数(例如当量比,温度和压力)进行更大的控制; 允许通过常规方法不容易地获得燃烧反应的操作参数的条件; 并提供更容易稳定燃烧反应的能力,以允许更高的燃料和氧化剂产量。 还公开了多组分反应器的主要区域的几个实施方案。 所述主区域用作氧化区域,其操作原理是向反应燃烧混合物提供循环,并且可以作为大致良好混合的反应器操作。 还公开了次级区域,其提供进一步的反应停留时间和控制操作参数的能力,其操作原理是使反应燃烧混合物的循环最小化。 次级区可以作为大约一个活塞流反应器操作。 主区域和次区域可以一起操作或者单独操作。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • COMBUSTOR FOR COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS OF FULLERENES
    • 用于燃烧合成的燃烧器
    • US20080280240A1
    • 2008-11-13
    • US12127536
    • 2008-05-27
    • Jack B. HOWARDDavid F. KRONHOLMAnthony J. MODESTINOHenning RICHTER
    • Jack B. HOWARDDavid F. KRONHOLMAnthony J. MODESTINOHenning RICHTER
    • B01J19/26C01B31/02
    • F23C6/02B01J2219/00157B82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01B32/15C01B32/152F23C99/00Y10S977/734Y10S977/842
    • A mode of combustion and multi-component reactor to accomplish this mode of combustion are disclosed which produces fullerenes and fullerenic material by combustion. This mode consists of de-coupling an oxidation region of a flame from a post-flame region, thus giving greater control over operating parameters, such as equivalence ratio, temperature, and pressure; allows conditions of the operating parameters of the combustion reaction to be attained which would not be easily attained by conventional methods; and offers the ability to more easily stabilize the combustion reactions to allow for higher throughputs of fuel and oxidant. Several embodiments of a primary zone of a multi-component reactor are also disclosed. Said primary zone serves as the oxidation region, operates on the principle of providing recycle to the reacting combustion mixture, and which may be operated as approximately a well-mixed reactor. A secondary zone is also disclosed which provides further residence time for reaction and the ability to control operating parameters, operates on the principle of minimizing recycle of the reacting combustion mixture. The secondary zone may be operated as approximately a plug-flow reactor. The primary and secondary zones may be operated in conjunction or either one alone.
    • 公开了实现这种燃烧模式的燃烧和多组分反应器的模式,其通过燃烧产生富勒烯和富勒烯物质。 该模式包括将来自火焰后区域的火焰的氧化区域去耦合,从而对操作参数(例如当量比,温度和压力)进行更大的控制; 允许通过常规方法不容易地获得燃烧反应的操作参数的条件; 并提供更容易稳定燃烧反应的能力,以允许更高的燃料和氧化剂产量。 还公开了多组分反应器的主要区域的几个实施方案。 所述主区域用作氧化区域,其操作原理是向反应燃烧混合物提供循环,并且可以作为大致良好混合的反应器操作。 还公开了次级区域,其提供进一步的反应停留时间和控制操作参数的能力,其操作原理是使反应燃烧混合物的循环最小化。 次级区可以作为大约一个活塞流反应器操作。 主区域和次区域可以一起操作或者单独操作。