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1. 发明申请

US20170361339A1 System for effecting an exothermic reaction in a nozzle to drive a phase change from a liquid to a gas 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170361339A1
公开(公告)日：2017-12-21
申请号：US15731477
申请日：2017-06-16
申请人： Brian P. Roarty
发明人： Brian P. Roarty
IPC分类号： B05B1/00 , C01D15/06 , C01B15/14 , C07C211/63 , C01B5/02
CPC分类号： B05B1/005 , B05B1/24 , B05B9/005 , C01B5/02 , C01B15/14 , C01D15/06 , C07C211/63
摘要： A device is described herein for priming and stimulating a fluid that enters a nozzle such that when the fluid experiences a phase change from liquid to gas, said phase change releases energy latent within molecules or atoms of any of the interior surface of the nozzle and the fluid, producing an energy release, thereby enabling that phase-changed gas to be used to generate energy using well-known techniques in the prior art.

2. 发明申请

US20110027166A1 Chlorate and chlorine dioxide systems adapted for the production of deuterium enriched water 审中-公开
标题翻译：适用于生产氘浓缩水的氯酸盐和二氧化氯系统
公开(公告)号：US20110027166A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12461028
申请日：2009-07-29
申请人： Andrew T.B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
发明人： Andrew T.B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
IPC分类号： C01B5/02 , C25B1/00 , C25B9/00 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/26 , B01D59/32 , C01B5/02
摘要： The present invention provides a process whereby pre-enrichment of water streams using a hydrogen source and a catalytic isotope exchange method at one or more remote sites to supply water with augmented deuterium concentration to a central heavy water. This central heavy water plant could be a Combined Electrolysis and Catalytic Exchange (“CECE”) heavy water production plant or a Girdler Sulfide heavy water plant. The deuterium content of water at the remote sites is increased and provides water stream(s) with augmented deuterium concentration to feed to the central heavy water production plant. This could be a first stage of the central CECE deuterium enrichment plant, increasing its capacity for heavy water production approximately in the ratio of its enrichment above natural deuterium concentrations. By relatively simple utilization of available deuterium enrichment capacity at the remote sites, advantages are achieved from a larger scale of heavy water production at the central production plant. The invention further provides systems and methods for adapting chlorate and chlorine dioxide systems which produce hydrogen to additionally produce deuterium-enriched water.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种方法，其使用氢源和催化同位素交换方法在一个或多个偏远地点预富集水流，以向中央重水提供具有增强的氘浓度的水。该中央重水厂可以是一个联合电解和催化交换（“CECE”）重水生产厂或Girdler硫化物重水厂。远程站点的水的氘含量增加，并提供具有增加的氘浓度的水流供给中央重水生产设备。这可能是中部CECE氘浓缩厂的第一阶段，大大提高了其富含浓度高于天然氘浓度的重水生产能力。通过相对简单地利用远程站点的可用氘浓缩能力，可以从中央生产厂的较大规模的重水生产获得优势。本发明还提供用于调节产生氢气以再次产生富氘水的氯酸盐和二氧化氯体系的系统和方法。

3. 发明申请

US20110027165A1 Distributed pre-enrichment method and apparatus for production of heavy water 审中-公开
标题翻译：分布式预浓缩方法和重水生产设备
公开(公告)号：US20110027165A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12461025
申请日：2009-07-29
申请人： Andrew T. B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
发明人： Andrew T. B. Stuart , Alistair I. Miller , Graeme Norval
IPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01J19/08
CPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01D59/32 , B01D59/40 , B01D59/50
摘要： The present invention provides a process whereby pre-enrichment of water streams using a hydrogen source and a catalytic isotope exchange method at one or more remote sites to supply water with augmented deuterium concentration to a central heavy water. This central heavy water plant could be a Combined Electrolysis and Catalytic Exchange (“CECE”) heavy water production plant or a Girdler Sulfide heavy water plant. The deuterium content of water at the remote sites is increased and provides water stream(s) with augmented deuterium concentration to feed to the central heavy water production plant. This could be a first stage of the central CECE deuterium enrichment plant, increasing its capacity for heavy water production approximately in the ratio of its enrichment above natural deuterium concentrations. By relatively simple utilization of available deuterium enrichment capacity at the remote sites, advantages are achieved from a larger scale of heavy water production at the central production plant. The invention further provides systems and methods for adapting chlorate and chlorine dioxide systems which produce hydrogen to additionally produce deuterium-enriched water.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种方法，其使用氢源和催化同位素交换方法在一个或多个偏远地点预富集水流，以向中央重水提供具有增强的氘浓度的水。该中央重水厂可以是一个联合电解和催化交换（“CECE”）重水生产厂或Girdler硫化物重水厂。远程站点的水的氘含量增加，并提供具有增加的氘浓度的水流供给中央重水生产设备。这可能是中部CECE氘浓缩厂的第一阶段，大大提高了其富含浓度高于天然氘浓度的重水生产能力。通过相对简单地利用远程站点的可用氘浓缩能力，可以从中央生产厂的较大规模的重水生产获得优势。本发明还提供用于调节产生氢气以再次产生富氘水的氯酸盐和二氧化氯体系的系统和方法。

4. 发明授权

US06858190B2 Heavy water production process and apparatus 有权
标题翻译：重水生产过程和设备
公开(公告)号：US06858190B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-22
申请号：US09774046
申请日：2001-01-31
申请人： William R. C. Graham
发明人： William R. C. Graham
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , B01D59/33 , C01B3/38 , C01B5/02
CPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01D59/32 , B01D59/33 , C01B3/38 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/06 , C01B2203/068 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/82
摘要： A hybrid BHW-CIRCE process heavy water production system in which most or all of the CECE upper stages of the CIRCE process are replaced with BHW liquid phase catalytic exchange stages. The system allows the CIRCE process to return to a more natural cascade resulting in a more cost effective process.
摘要翻译：一种混合BHW-CIRCE工艺重水生产系统，其中CIRCE工艺的大部分或全部CECE上段用BHW液相催化交换阶段代替。该系统允许CIRCE过程返回到更自然的级联，从而实现更具成本效益的过程。

5. 发明授权

US06632367B1 Method for separating heavy isotopes of hydrogen from water 失效
标题翻译：从水中分离氢重质同位素的方法
公开(公告)号：US06632367B1
公开(公告)日：2003-10-14
申请号：US09777318
申请日：2001-02-06
申请人： Louis E. Furlong , Siegfried L. Stockinger , Gabriel B. Collins
发明人： Louis E. Furlong , Siegfried L. Stockinger , Gabriel B. Collins
IPC分类号： C02F128
CPC分类号： B01J20/3236 , B01J20/0248 , B01J20/08 , B01J20/103 , B01J20/28004 , B01J20/28016 , B01J20/3085 , B01J20/3204 , B01J20/3221 , B01J20/3251 , B01J20/3425 , B01J20/3433 , B01J20/3483 , B01J2220/603 , C01B5/02 , C02F1/281 , C02F2101/006 , C02F2303/16 , G21F9/12
摘要： Isotope water molecules, e.g., HTO and T2O, are separated from contaminated water by conveying the contaminated water through a separation chamber containing a separation material formed of an inorganic substrate with hydration sites having multiple associated waters of hydration, whereby the waters of hydration are preferentially replaced by the isotope water molecules. The discharged water, which is lower in concentration of isotope water molecules due to the preferential replacement, can be conveyed through a second separation chamber containing additional separation material to remove additional isotope water molecules. Following saturation, the separation material is heated to separate the isotope water molecules. The relatively concentrated water driven off by heating is stored or otherwise disposed of, and the separation material is reused.
摘要翻译：通过将污染的水通过含有由具有水合作用的无机底物形成的分离材料的分离室输送到同一水分子，例如HTO和T 2 具有多个相关的水合水域的地点，其中水合水优先被同位素水分子代替。通过优先更换，同位素水分子浓度较低的排出水可通过含有附加分离材料的第二分离室输送，以除去附加的同位素水分子。饱和后，分离材料被加热以分离同位素水分子。通过加热驱除的相对浓缩的水被储存或以其他方式处理，并且分离材料被再次使用

6. 发明授权

US5591319A Electrolytic pre-enrichment method and apparatus for the combined electrolysis and catalytic exchange process 失效
标题翻译：电解预浓缩方法和装置，用于组合电解和催化交换过程
公开(公告)号：US5591319A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-07
申请号：US438480
申请日：1995-05-10
申请人： Alistair I. Miller , Andrew T. B. Stuart , Allan E. Everatt
发明人： Alistair I. Miller , Andrew T. B. Stuart , Allan E. Everatt
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , C01B5/02 , C25B1/04 , C25B9/00 , C25B15/08
CPC分类号： C01B5/02 , B01D59/32
摘要： An electrolytic pre-enrichment of a feed stream to a combined electrolysisnd catalytic exchange ("CECE") heavy water production process. A deuterium enriched liquid or vapour stream from electrolytic cells is applied as a feed to the first stage of a CECE deuterium enrichment process. By deploying a portion of available electrolytic cell capacity in the pre-enrichment stage, advantages are achieved, particularly where available electrical power fluctuates or when a "turned down" CECE process is desired.
摘要翻译：将进料流电解预浓缩成组合的电解和催化交换（“CECE”）重水生产过程。将来自电解池的富氘液体或蒸汽流作为进料施加到CECE氘浓缩过程的第一阶段。通过在预浓缩阶段部署可用的电解池容量的一部分，可以实现优点，特别是在可用的电功率波动时或当需要“拒绝”的CECE过程时。

7. 发明授权

US5468462A Geographically distributed tritium extraction plant and process for producing detritiated heavy water using combined electrolysis and catalytic exchange processes 失效
标题翻译：地理分布的氚提取工厂和使用联合电解和催化交换工艺生产沉淀的重水的方法
公开(公告)号：US5468462A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-21
申请号：US161395
申请日：1993-12-06
申请人： Alistair I. Miller , Dino A. Spagnolo
发明人： Alistair I. Miller , Dino A. Spagnolo
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , B01D59/40 , B01D59/50 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/02 , G21C19/30 , G21C19/307 , G21F9/02 , C01B5/00 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： G21C19/307 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/02 , G21Y2002/20 , G21Y2004/20 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40
摘要： A geographically distributed apparatus and process for detritiating heavy water is provided. The apparatus and process provide a remote site enrichment plant for producing an enriched stream of DT/D.sub.2 gas and a hydriding unit for forming a hydride of the DT/D.sub.2 gas for transportation. Pure tritium gas is produced at a local tritium extraction plant by reforming DT/D.sub.2 in a de-hydriding unit and passing the gas mixture through a chain of cryogenic distillation columns. The invention provides a safe and cost-effective method of detritiating heavy water.
摘要翻译：提供了一种地理分布的装置和用于捣碎重水的方法。该设备和方法提供了用于产生富集的DT / D2气体流的远程站点浓缩设备和用于形成用于运输的DT / D2气体的氢化物的氢化单元。通过在去氢单元中重整DT / D2并使气体混合物通过一系列低温蒸馏塔，在当地的氚萃取厂生产纯氚气体。本发明提供了一种安全且具有成本效益的破坏重水的方法。

8. 发明授权

US4228034A Catalytically active mass for the exchange of hydrogen isotopes between streams of gaseous hydrogen and liquid water 失效
标题翻译：催化活性物质用于在气态氢气和液态水流之间交换氢同位素
公开(公告)号：US4228034A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-14
申请号：US959712
申请日：1978-11-13
申请人： John P. Butler , John H. Rolston , James den Hartog , Fred W. R. Molson , John W. Goodale
发明人： John P. Butler , John H. Rolston , James den Hartog , Fred W. R. Molson , John W. Goodale
IPC分类号： B01D59/32 , B01J23/00 , B01J23/42 , B01J33/00 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/02 , B01J31/02
CPC分类号： B01J23/42 , B01D59/32 , C01B5/02
摘要： For the exchange of hydrogen isotopes between streams of gaseous hydrogen and liquid water, wherein the streams are at a temperature in the range 273 to 573K are brought into contact with one another and a catalytically active mass, an improved catalytically active mass is provided comprising an inherently hydrophotic, porous, polytetrafluoroethylene matrix and partially platinized carbon particles dispersed throughout the whole of the porous polytetrafluoroethylene matrix in the weight ratio of 1:1 to 3:1 of polytetrafluoroethylene to partially platinized high surface area carbon particles. The inherently hydrophobic, porous, polytetrafluoroethylene matrix allows the catalytically active metal to catalyze the hydrogen isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen gas and water vapor in the presence of liquid water while retarding loss of activity of the catalytically active metal by contact of the metal catalyst with liquid water. This catalyzed chemical isotope exchange proceeds simultaneously with isotope exchange from water vapor to liquid water by a non-catalyzed, physical evaporation and condensation exchange reaction. The efficient coupling of these two isotopic transfer steps which results in a rapid overall isotopic exchange between hydrogen and liquid water without a pronounced loss of activity of the catalytically active mass is dependent upon the weight ratio of the catalytically active platinized carbon to the polytetrafluoroethylene matrix being in the above mentioned range of 1:1 to 3:1.
摘要翻译：为了在气态氢和液态水流之间交换氢同位素，其中流在273至573K的温度下彼此接触并具有催化活性物质，提供改进的催化活性物质，其包含固有的疏水性，多孔，聚四氟乙烯基体和部分镀铂的碳颗粒分散在整个多孔聚四氟乙烯基体中，聚四氟乙烯的重量比为1：1至3：1，同时部分镀铂的高表面积碳颗粒。固有的疏水性，多孔的聚四氟乙烯基体允许催化活性金属在液态水的存在下催化氢气和水蒸气之间的氢同位素交换反应，同时通过金属催化剂与液体的接触延缓催化活性金属的活性损失水。这种催化的化学同位素交换同时进行，通过非催化的物理蒸发和冷凝交换反应从水蒸汽到液态水的同位素交换。这两个同位素转移步骤的有效耦合导致氢和液态水之间的快速总体同位素交换而没有显着的催化活性物质的活性损失取决于催化活性铂化碳与聚四氟乙烯基体的重量比为在上述范围为1：1至3：1。

9. 发明授权

US4171251A Laser photochemical separation of hydrogen isotopes 失效
标题翻译：激光光化学分离氢同位素
公开(公告)号：US4171251A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-16
申请号：US856720
申请日：1977-12-01
申请人： Michael C. Fowler
发明人： Michael C. Fowler
IPC分类号： B01D59/34 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/02 , B01J1/10
CPC分类号： B01D59/34 , C01B4/00 , C01B5/02
摘要： A method of separating isotopes of hydrogen utilizing isotopically selective photodissociation of organic acid is disclosed. Specifically acetic or formic acid containing compounds of deuterated and hydrogenated acid is irradiated by radiation having a wavelength in the infrared spectrum between 9.2 to 10.8 microns to produce deuterium hydroxide and deuterium hydride respectively. Maintaining the acid at an elevated temperature significantly improves the yield of isotope separation.
摘要翻译：公开了利用有机酸的同位素选择性光解作用分离氢的同位素的方法。具体地说，含氘代和氢化酸的含有乙酸或甲酸的化合物的辐射是在红外光谱波长为9.2至10.8微米的辐射下分别产生氢氧化氘和氢氧化氘。在升高的温度下保持酸显着提高了同位素分离的产率。

10. 发明授权

US3974048A Apparatus and method of producing heavy water involving catalytic-electrolytic exchange processes 失效
标题翻译：涉及催化 - 电解交换工艺的重水生产设备及方法
公开(公告)号：US3974048A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-10
申请号：US559763
申请日：1975-03-19
申请人： Martin Hammerli , John P. Butler
发明人： Martin Hammerli , John P. Butler
IPC分类号： B01D59/28 , B01D59/40 , C01B5/02 , C25B1/10 , C25B1/02
CPC分类号： B01D59/40 , B01D59/28 , C01B5/02 , Y10S204/04
摘要： A composite deuterium exchange process incorporating a catalytic exchange region and electrolytic cell region having an anode and cathode separated from each other by an electrolyte permeable diaphragm with liquid water and hydrogen gas being cycled through the two regions. It is preferred that the catalyst used in the catalytic exchange region is one that comprises at least one catalytically active metal selected from Group VIII of the periodic table and have a sealing coating directly thereon of waterproof (impermeable to liquid water) resin and are permeable to water vapor from the liquid water and hydrogen gas permeate the coating to contact the catalytically active metal thereby to exchange hydrogen isotopes, while the coating retards poisoning of the catalyst by liquid water.
摘要翻译：包含催化交换区域和电解池区域的复合氘交换方法和电解池区域，其阳极和阴极通过电解质渗透隔膜彼此分开，液体水和氢气循环通过两个区域。在催化交换区中使用的催化剂优选为包含至少一种选自元素周期表第Ⅷ族的催化活性金属并且在其上直接具有防水（不透液性）树脂的密封涂层，并且可渗透来自液态水和氢气的水蒸汽渗透到涂层中以与催化活性金属接触，从而交换氢同位素，同时涂层通过液态水阻止催化剂的中毒。

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