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1. 发明授权

US08116423B2 Nuclear reactor (alternatives), fuel assembly of seed-blanket subassemblies for nuclear reactor (alternatives), and fuel element for fuel assembly 有权
标题翻译：核反应堆（替代品），用于核反应堆（替代品）的种子毯子组件的燃料组装和用于燃料组装的燃料元件
公开(公告)号：US08116423B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-14
申请号：US12340833
申请日：2008-12-22
申请人： Sergey Mikhailovich Bashkirtsev , Valentin Fedorovich Kuznetsov , Valery Vladimirovich Kevrolev , Alexey Glebovich Morozov
发明人： Sergey Mikhailovich Bashkirtsev , Valentin Fedorovich Kuznetsov , Valery Vladimirovich Kevrolev , Alexey Glebovich Morozov
IPC分类号： G21C3/00
CPC分类号： G21C3/58 , G21C3/08 , G21C3/28 , G21C5/18 , G21C5/20 , G21Y2002/304 , G21Y2002/601 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/32 , Y02E30/38
摘要： The invention relates to light water reactor designs in which thorium is used as fuel and in particular to designs of jacketless fuel assemblies, which make up the cores of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) such as the VVER-1000. Nuclear reactor cores containing seed and blanket subassemblies that make up the fuel assemblies are used to burn thorium fuel together with conventional reactor fuel that includes nonproliferative enriched uranium, as well as weapons-grade and reactor-grade plutonium. In the first alternative, the reactor core is fully “nonproliferative,” since neither the reactor fuel nor the wastes generated can be used to produce nuclear weapons. In the second version of the invention, the reactor core is used to burn large amounts of weapons-grade plutonium together with thorium and provides a suitable means to destroy stockpiles of weapons-grade plutonium and convert the energy released to electric power. The cores in both embodiments of the invention are made up of a set of seed-blanket assemblies, which have central seed areas surrounded by annular blanket areas. The seed areas contain uranium or plutonium fuel rods, while the blanket areas contain thorium fuel rods. The volume ratio of moderator to fuel and the relative sizes of the seed area and the blanket area have been optimized so that neither embodiment of the invention generates wastes that can be used to produced nuclear weapons. A new refueling system is also used for the first embodiment of the invention to maximize recycling of the seed fuel; the system also ensures that the spent nuclear fuel cannot be used to produce nuclear weapons.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及其中钍用作燃料的轻水反应堆设计，特别涉及组成诸如VVER-1000的加压水反应堆（PWR）的核心的无夹套燃料组件的设计。包含构成燃料组件的种子和橡皮布子组件的核反应堆核心与用于包括非增殖型浓缩铀以及武器级和反应堆级钚的常规反应堆燃料一起燃烧钍燃料。在第一种替代方案中，反应堆核心是完全“非增殖的”，因为反应堆燃料和生成的废物都不能用于生产核武器。在本发明的第二个版本中，反应堆堆芯被用来燃烧大量的武器级钚和钍，并提供了一种合适的手段来摧毁武器级钚的储存并将释放的能量转化为电力。本发明的两个实施例中的芯由一组种子毯组件组成，其具有由环形覆盖区域包围的中心种子区域。种子区域包含铀或钚燃料棒，而覆盖区域包含钍燃料棒。已经优化了调节剂与燃料的体积比以及种子面积和覆盖面积的相对大小，使得本发明的两个实施例都不产生可用于生产核武器的废物。本发明的第一个实施例也使用新的加油系统，以使种子燃料的回收最大化; 该制度还确保废核燃料不能用于生产核武器。

2. 发明授权

US4587078A Initial charge core of fast breeder and method of charging the core with fuel 失效
标题翻译：快速种鸡的初始充电核心和燃料对核心充电的方法
公开(公告)号：US4587078A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-06
申请号：US401747
申请日：1982-07-26
申请人： Kazuo Azekura , Katsuyuki Kawashima , Kotaro Inoue , Sadao Uchikawa
发明人： Kazuo Azekura , Katsuyuki Kawashima , Kotaro Inoue , Sadao Uchikawa
IPC分类号： G21C5/00 , G21C1/02 , G21C3/328 , G21C5/20 , G21C19/00 , G21C1/00
CPC分类号： G21C5/20 , G21C1/024 , Y02E30/34
摘要： An initial charge core of a fast breeder and a method of renewing fuel in the initial charge core. The initial charge core comprises a driver core region containing a fissile material, an external blanket region containing a fertile material and surrounding the driver core region, and an internal blanket region disposed within the driver core region and containing a fertile material. The axial thickness of the internal blanket region is greater at its central portion that at the peripheral portion thereof. The internal blanket region is enriched with the fissile material. The degree of enrichment in the internal blanket region is greater than that in the driver core region.
摘要翻译：快速种植者的初始充电核心和在初始充电核心中更新燃料的方法。初始充电芯包括含有易裂变材料的驱动器芯区域，包含可育材料并围绕驱动器芯区域的外部覆盖区域，以及设置在驱动器芯区域内并包含可育材料的内部覆盖区域。内侧毯区域的轴向厚度在其周边部分的中央部分较大。内部覆盖区域富含易裂变材料。内部覆盖区域的富集程度大于驱动器核心区域的浓度。

3. 发明授权

US3957575A Mechanical design of a light water breeder reactor 失效
标题翻译：轻水增殖反应堆的机械设计
公开(公告)号：US3957575A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-18
申请号：US461475
申请日：1974-04-16
申请人： William L. Fauth, Jr. , Daniel S. Jones , George J. Kolsun , John G. Erbes , John J. Brennan , James A. Weissburg , John E. Sharbaugh
发明人： William L. Fauth, Jr. , Daniel S. Jones , George J. Kolsun , John G. Erbes , John J. Brennan , James A. Weissburg , John E. Sharbaugh
IPC分类号： G21C1/08 , G21C3/32 , G21C5/20 , G21C7/14 , G21C7/30 , G21C11/06 , G21G1/02 , G21C3/28 , G21C19/00
CPC分类号： G21C3/32 , G21C1/086 , G21C11/06 , G21C5/20 , G21C7/14 , G21C7/30 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/32 , Y02E30/39
摘要： In a light water reactor system using the thorium-232 -- uranium-233 fuel system in a seed-blanket modular core configuration having the modules arranged in a symmetrical array surrounded by a reflector blanket region, the seed regions are disposed for a longitudinal movement between the fixed or stationary blanket region which surrounds each seed region. Control of the reactor is obtained by moving the inner seed region thus changing the geometry of the reactor, and thereby changing the leakage of neutrons from the relatively small seed region into the blanket region.The mechanical design of the Light Water Breeder Reactor (LWBR) core includes means for axially positioning of movable fuel assemblies to achieve the neutron economy required of a breeder reactor, a structure necessary to adequately support the fuel modules without imposing penalties on the breeding capability, a structure necessary to support fuel rods in a closely packed array and a structure necessary to direct and control the flow of coolant to regions in the core in accordance with the heat transfer requirements.
摘要翻译：在使用钍-232-铀-233燃料系统的轻水反应器系统中，其具有以反射器覆盖区域围绕的对称阵列布置的种子覆盖层模块化芯体结构，种子区域设置为在围绕每个种子区域的固定或固定覆盖区域。通过移动内部种子区域从而改变反应器的几何形状，从而将中子从相对小的种子区域的泄漏改变到覆盖区域来获得反应器的控制。

4. 发明授权

US3743577A Single fluid molten salt nuclear breeder reactor 失效
标题翻译：单流体乳酸盐核酸反应器
公开(公告)号：US3743577A
公开(公告)日：1973-07-03
申请号：US3743577D
申请日：1968-06-03
申请人： ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION
发明人： PERRY A , SMITH O , BETTIS E , MACPHERSON H
IPC分类号： G21C1/16 , G21C1/22 , G21C3/54 , G21C5/20
CPC分类号： G21C1/22 , G21C3/54 , G21C5/20 , G21Y2002/30 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/38
摘要： A MOLTEN-SALT-FUELED GRAPHITE-MODERATED NUCLEAR BREEDER REACTOR CHARACTERIZED BY A SINGLE SALT MIXTURE CONTAINING BOTH FISSILE AND FERTILE MATERIAL WHICH SERVES AS BOTH FUEL AND BLANKET FLUID. THE REACTOR IS DIVIDED INTO CORE AND THE BLANKET REGIONS WHICH ARE DISTINGUISHED BY THE DEGREE OF NEUTRON MODERATION PROVIDED THEREIN. THE DEGREE OF NEUTRON MODERATION IN THE CORE AND BLANKET REGIONS MAY BE VARIED BY VARYING THE VOLUME FRACTION OF SALT MIXTURE PRESENT IN THE EACH REGION, BY VARYING THE DENSITY OF THE GRAPHITE MODERATOR IN EACH REGION, OR BY A COMBINATION OF THE TWO METHODS. THE COMPOSITION OF THE SALT MIXTURE AND THE NEUTRON MODERATION PROVIDED IN EACH REGION ARE SELECTED SO THAT NEUTRON ADSORPTION BY THE FISSILE MATERIAL PREDOMINATES IN THE CORE AND ABSORPTION OF NEUTRONS BY THE FERTILE MATERIAL PREDOMINATES IN THE BLANKET REGION.

5. 发明授权

US3338790A Fast nuclear reactor 失效
标题翻译：快速核反应堆
公开(公告)号：US3338790A
公开(公告)日：1967-08-29
申请号：US58400666
申请日：1966-10-03
申请人： ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY UK
发明人： TUNSTALL ACKROYD RONALD , ERSKINE MANN JOHN
IPC分类号： G21C1/02 , G21C5/20
CPC分类号： G21C1/02 , G21C1/024 , G21C1/028 , G21C5/20 , Y02E30/34

6. 发明授权

US3220926A Nuclear reactor core unit cell 失效
标题翻译：核反应堆堆芯单元
公开(公告)号：US3220926A
公开(公告)日：1965-11-30
申请号：US3662960
申请日：1960-06-16
申请人： NORTH AMERICAN AVIATION INC
发明人： STOKER DONALD J
IPC分类号： G21C1/08 , G21C1/12 , G21C5/20 , G21C5/22 , G21C15/08
CPC分类号： G21C1/12 , G21C1/082 , G21C5/20 , G21C5/22 , G21C15/08 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/302 , Y02E30/33 , Y02E30/38

7. 发明授权

US3063923A Fused reactor fuels 失效
标题翻译：熔化反应堆燃料
公开(公告)号：US3063923A
公开(公告)日：1962-11-13
申请号：US81708759
申请日：1959-06-01
申请人： MAYER STANLEY W
发明人： MAYER STANLEY W
IPC分类号： G21C1/24 , G21C3/54 , G21C5/20 , G21C5/22
CPC分类号： G21C3/54 , G21C1/24 , G21C5/20 , G21C5/22 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2004/10 , Y02E30/38

8. 发明授权

US2992174A Breeder-converter reactor 失效
标题翻译：饲养员转炉反应堆
公开(公告)号：US2992174A
公开(公告)日：1961-07-11
申请号：US53691655
申请日：1955-09-27
申请人： BABCOCK & WILCOX CO
发明人： EDLUND MILTON C , DONALD KALLMAN
IPC分类号： G21C1/00 , G21C1/08 , G21C3/28 , G21C5/20 , G21C19/20
CPC分类号： G21C1/00 , G21C1/08 , G21C3/28 , G21C5/20 , G21C19/205 , Y02E30/30 , Y02E30/40

9. 发明申请

US20170243662A1 MODULAR NUCLEAR FISSION WASTE CONVERSION REACTOR 有权
公开(公告)号：US20170243662A1
公开(公告)日：2017-08-24
申请号：US13566078
申请日：2012-08-03
申请人： Robert W. SCHLEICHER , Hangbok CHOI , Alan M. BAXTER
发明人： Robert W. SCHLEICHER , Hangbok CHOI , Alan M. BAXTER
IPC分类号： G21C1/02 , G21C3/322 , G21C3/32 , G21C15/247 , G21C3/62 , G21C15/28 , G21C11/06
CPC分类号： G21C3/07 , G21C1/024 , G21C1/026 , G21C3/041 , G21C3/3213 , G21C3/36 , G21C3/62 , G21C5/20 , G21C11/06 , G21G1/02 , Y02E30/34
摘要： A modular, nuclear waste conversion reactor that continuously produces usable energy while converting U-238 and/or other fertile waste materials to fissionable nuclides. The reactor has a highly uniform, self-controlled, core (2) with a decades-long life and does not require reactivity control mechanisms within the boundary of the active core during operation to retain adequate safety. The exemplary embodiment employs high-temperature helium coolant, a dual-segment (22) initial annular critical core, carbide fuel, a fission product gas collection system, ceramic cladding and structural internals to create a modular reactor design that economically produces energy over multiple generations of reactor cores with only minimum addition of fertile material from one generation to the next.

10. 发明申请

US20120027156A1 ANNULAR CORE LIQUID-SALT COOLED REACTOR WITH MULTIPLE FUEL AND BLANKET ZONES 有权
标题翻译：带多个燃料和空白区域的环形核心液体盐冷却反应器
公开(公告)号：US20120027156A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-02
申请号：US13184161
申请日：2011-07-15
申请人： Per F. Peterson
发明人： Per F. Peterson
IPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C3/22
CPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C5/20 , G21C11/06 , G21C15/28 , Y02E30/36
摘要： A liquid fluoride salt cooled, high temperature reactor having a reactor vessel with a pebble-bed reactor core. The reactor core comprises a pebble injection inlet located at a bottom end of the reactor core and a pebble defueling outlet located at a top end of the reactor core, an inner reflector, outer reflector, and an annular pebble-bed region disposed in between the inner reflector and outer reflector. The annular pebble-bed region comprises an annular channel configured for receiving pebble fuel at the pebble injection inlet, the pebble fuel comprising a combination of seed and blanket pebbles having a density lower than the coolant such that the pebbles have positive buoyancy and migrate upward in said annular pebble-bed region toward the defueling outlet. The annular pebble-bed region comprises alternating radial layers of seed pebbles and blanket pebbles.
摘要翻译：一种液态氟化盐盐冷却的高温反应器，其具有带有卵石床反应堆芯的反应器容器。反应堆堆芯包括位于反应堆芯的底端处的卵石注入入口和位于反应堆芯的顶端的卵石排出口，内反射器，外反射器和设置在反应堆芯之间的环形卵石床区域内部反射器和外部反射器。环形卵石床区域包括环形通道，其构造成用于在卵石注入入口处接收卵石燃料，卵石燃料包括密度低于冷却剂的种子和覆盖卵石的组合，使得卵石具有正的浮力并向上迁移所述环形卵石床区域朝向排出口。环形卵石床区域包括种子卵石和覆盖鹅卵石的交替的径向层。

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