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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Starvation avoidance mechanism for an I/O node of a computer system
    • 计算机系统的I / O节点的饥饿避免机制
    • US06820151B2
    • 2004-11-16
    • US09978379
    • 2001-10-15
    • Stephen C. Ennis
    • Stephen C. Ennis
    • G06F1314
    • H04L47/6285H04L47/50
    • A starvation avoidance mechanism for an input/output node of a computer system. A scheduler unit includes a first buffer circuit and a second buffer circuit. The first buffer circuit includes a first plurality of buffers for storing selected control commands received from a first source and the second buffer circuit includes a second plurality of buffers for storing selected control commands received from a second source. The scheduler further includes an arbitration circuit coupled to the first buffer circuit and to the second buffer circuit. The arbitration circuit may be configured to arbitrate between the control commands stored in the first buffer circuit and the control commands stored in the second buffer circuit. The outcome of selected arbitration cycles may be dependent upon a number of times in which a control command from a given one of the buffers is blocked due to an unavailable destination.
    • 用于计算机系统的输入/输出节点的饥饿避免机制。 调度器单元包括第一缓冲电路和第二缓冲电路。 第一缓冲电路包括用于存储从第一源接收的所选控制命令的第一多个缓冲器,并且第二缓冲电路包括用于存储从第二源接收的所选控制命令的第二多个缓冲器。 调度器还包括耦合到第一缓冲电路和第二缓冲电路的仲裁电路。 仲裁电路可以被配置为在存储在第一缓冲器电路中的控制命令和存储在第二缓冲器电路中的控制命令之间进行仲裁。 选择的仲裁周期的结果可以取决于由于不可用目的地而阻止来自缓冲器中的给定缓冲器的控制命令的次数。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Arbitration method and apparatus
    • 仲裁方法和设备
    • US06782441B1
    • 2004-08-24
    • US09697222
    • 2000-10-26
    • Hien H. NguyenDon M. Morrier
    • Hien H. NguyenDon M. Morrier
    • G06F1314
    • G06F9/526
    • An arbitration method and mechanism assigning priority to one of a combination of requesters. A priority vector for the combination of requesters has a sequential list of requester identifiers. Upon receiving requests from the combination of requesters, the corresponding priority vector is referred to and the next requester identifier on this list is selected. Priority is awarded to the requester corresponding to that requester identifier. A priority vector is preferably provided for each possible combination of multiple requesters. The list of requester identifiers in each priority vector may be advantageously programmable. Preferably, all requester identifiers for a single requester are not provided in a contiguous clump within a given priority vector.
    • 一种仲裁方法和机制,将优先级分配给请求者的组合之一。 请求者组合的优先级向量具有请求者标识符的顺序列表。 在接收到请求者的组合的请求时,参考相应的优先级向量,并且选择该列表上的下一个请求者标识符。 优先级被授予与该请求者标识符相对应的请求者。 优选地,向多个请求者的每个可能的组合提供优先权向量。 每个优先级向量中的请求者标识符的列表可以是有利的可编程的。 优选地,单个请求者的所有请求者标识符不在给定优先级向量内的连续群中提供。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Protected control of devices by user applications in multiprogramming environments
    • 用户应用程序在多程序设计环境中对设备进行受保护的控制
    • US06751680B2
    • 2004-06-15
    • US10082663
    • 2002-02-25
    • Alan B. LangermanDavid A. Ford
    • Alan B. LangermanDavid A. Ford
    • G06F1314
    • G06F12/145G06F12/1081
    • A user program directly accesses a storage device for I/O operations, bypassing the operating system. The user registers a virtual memory region and an “extent”, or region, of the storage device with a host bus adapter. A virtual interface is created between the user and the storage device including a queue for transmitting commands from the user to the storage device. To perform I/O, the user creates a descriptor including command information identifying the type of I/O operation, a buffer handle identifying the registered virtual memory region, virtual memory address information identifying the locations of data buffers in the registered virtual memory region to be used for the I/O operation, an extent handle identifying the registered extent, and disk address information identifying an area within the registered extent to or from which data is to be written or read. The user posts this descriptor to the virtual interface by placed it on the associated queue. The adapter reads the descriptor and verifies that the descriptor and the data buffers are located within the registered virtual memory region identified by the buffer handle. The adapter also verifies that the area on the storage device identified by the disk address information is within the registered extent identified by the extent handle. If both of these verification steps succeed, then the I/O command is forwarded to the storage device. If either verification step fails, then the command is not forwarded, and an indication of the failure is returned to the user or the operating system.
    • 用户程序直接访问存储设备进行I / O操作,绕过操作系统。 用户使用主机总线适配器注册存储设备的虚拟内存区域和“范围”或区域。 在用户和存储设备之间创建虚拟接口,包括用于从用户向存储设备发送命令的队列。 为了执行I / O,用户创建包括识别I / O操作类型的命令信息,识别注册的虚拟存储器区域的缓冲器句柄,识别注册的虚拟存储器区域中的数据缓冲器的位置的虚拟存储器地址信息的描述符, 用于I / O操作,识别注册范围的扩展名句柄,以及标识要写入或读取数据的注册范围内的区域的磁盘地址信息。 用户通过将该描述符放置在相关联的队列上来将该描述符发布到虚拟接口。适配器读取描述符并且验证描述符和数据缓冲器位于由缓冲器句柄标识的注册的虚拟存储器区域内。 适配器还验证由磁盘地址信息识别的存储设备上的区域在扩展区段识别的注册范围内。 如果这两个验证步骤都成功,则将I / O命令转发到存储设备。 如果任一验证步骤失败,则不转发该命令,并且向用户或操作系统返回失败指示。