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1. 发明授权

US08549241B2 Method and system for frequent checkpointing 有权
公开(公告)号：US08549241B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12683288
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/2023 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2201/84
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.

2. 发明授权

US08661213B2 Method and system for frequent checkpointing 有权
标题翻译：频繁检查点的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08661213B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-25
申请号：US12683278
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2048 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2009/45583
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.
摘要翻译：虚拟化平台通过将主虚拟机的检查点信息连续传送到诸如备份虚拟机的收集器进程来为主虚拟机提供容错。当在包含支持嵌套页表的多处理器的硬件平台上实现时，虚拟化平台利用嵌套页表支持来快速识别在检查点之间已经被修改的内存页。备份虚拟机提供反馈信息，以帮助虚拟化平台识别用于发送对存储器页的实际修改的候选存储器页，而不是作为检查点信息的一部分的整个存储器页。虚拟化平台还维护修改历史数据结构，以识别可以与主虚拟机的执行同时发送的存储器页面，而不是在主虚拟机被击晕时。

3. 发明授权

US08533382B2 Method and system for frequent checkpointing 有权
标题翻译：频繁检查点的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08533382B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-10
申请号：US12683273
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
发明人： Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam , Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson
IPC分类号： G06F12/08
CPC分类号： G06F11/2023 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1484 , G06F11/2097 , G06F2201/84
摘要： A virtualization platform provides fault tolerance for a primary virtual machine by continuously transmitting checkpoint information of the primary virtual machine to a collector process, such as a backup virtual machine. When implemented on a hardware platform comprising a multi-processor that supports nested page tables, the virtualization platform leverages the nested page table support to quickly identify memory pages that have been modified between checkpoints. The backup virtual machine provides feedback information to assist the virtualization platform in identifying candidate memory pages for transmitting actual modifications to the memory pages rather than the entire memory page as part of the checkpoint information. The virtualization platform further maintains a modification history data structure to identify memory pages that can be transmitted simultaneous with the execution of the primary virtual machine rather than while the primary virtual machine has been stunned.
摘要翻译：虚拟化平台通过将主虚拟机的检查点信息连续传送到诸如备份虚拟机的收集器进程来为主虚拟机提供容错。当在包含支持嵌套页表的多处理器的硬件平台上实现时，虚拟化平台利用嵌套页表支持来快速识别在检查点之间已经被修改的内存页。备份虚拟机提供反馈信息，以帮助虚拟化平台识别用于发送对存储器页的实际修改的候选存储器页，而不是作为检查点信息的一部分的整个存储器页。虚拟化平台还维护修改历史数据结构，以识别可以与主虚拟机的执行同时发送的存储器页面，而不是在主虚拟机被击晕时。

4. 发明授权

US07971015B2 Generating and using checkpoints in a virtual computer system 有权
标题翻译：在虚拟计算机系统中生成和使用检查点
公开(公告)号：US07971015B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-28
申请号：US12435235
申请日：2009-05-04
申请人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F11/1435 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1458 , G06F11/1471 , G06F11/1482 , G06F11/1484 , G06F12/16 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/84
摘要： To generate a checkpoint for a virtual machine (VM), first, while the VM is still running, a copy-on-write (COW) disk file is created pointing to a parent disk file that the VM is using. Next, the VM is stopped, the VM' s memory is marked COW, the device state of the VM is saved to memory, the VM is switched to use the COW disk file, and the VM begins running again for substantially the remainder of the checkpoint generation. Next, the device state that was stored in memory and the unmodified VM memory pages are saved to a checkpoint file. Also, a copy may be made of the parent disk file for retention as part of the checkpoint, or the original parent disk file may be retained as part of the checkpoint. If a copy of the parent disk file was made, then the COW disk file may be committed to the original parent disk file.
摘要翻译：要为虚拟机（VM）生成检查点，首先，当VM仍在运行时，会创建指向VM所使用的父磁盘文件的写时复制（COW）磁盘文件。接下来，VM停止，VM的内存被标记为COW，VM的设备状态被保存到内存，VM被切换为使用COW磁盘文件，并且VM再次开始运行，基本上剩余的检查点生成。接下来，将存储在存储器中的设备状态和未修改的VM内存页保存到检查点文件。另外，作为检查点的一部分，可以将父磁盘文件作为副本作为保留，也可以将原始的父磁盘文件作为检查点的一部分进行保留。如果生成了父磁盘文件的副本，则COW磁盘文件可能会提交到原始的父磁盘文件。

5. 发明授权

US07529897B1 Generating and using checkpoints in a virtual computer system 有权
标题翻译：在虚拟计算机系统中生成和使用检查点
公开(公告)号：US07529897B1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-05
申请号：US10750919
申请日：2003-12-31
申请人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F11/1435 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1458 , G06F11/1471 , G06F11/1482 , G06F11/1484 , G06F12/16 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/84
摘要： To generate a checkpoint for a virtual machine (VM), first, while the VM is still running, a copy-on-write (COW) disk file is created pointing to a parent disk file that the VM is using. Next, the VM is stopped, the VM's memory is marked COW, the device state of the VM is saved to memory, the VM is switched to use the COW disk file, and the VM begins running again for substantially the remainder of the checkpoint generation. Next, the device state that was stored in memory and the unmodified VM memory pages are saved to a checkpoint file. Also, a copy may be made of the parent disk file for retention as part of the checkpoint, or the original parent disk file may be retained as part of the checkpoint. If a copy of the parent disk file was made, then the COW disk file may be committed to the original parent disk file.
摘要翻译：要为虚拟机（VM）生成检查点，首先，当VM仍在运行时，会创建指向VM所使用的父磁盘文件的写时复制（COW）磁盘文件。接下来，VM停止，VM的内存被标记为COW，VM的设备状态被保存到内存，VM被切换到使用COW磁盘文件，并且VM再次开始运行，大部分剩下的检查点生成。接下来，将存储在存储器中的设备状态和未修改的VM内存页保存到检查点文件。另外，作为检查点的一部分，可以将父磁盘文件作为副本作为保留，也可以将原始的父磁盘文件作为检查点的一部分进行保留。如果生成了父磁盘文件的副本，则COW磁盘文件可能会提交到原始的父磁盘文件。

6. 发明授权

US07966615B2 Transitioning of virtual machine from replay mode to live mode 有权
标题翻译：将虚拟机从重播模式转换到实时模式
公开(公告)号：US07966615B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-21
申请号：US12266171
申请日：2008-11-06
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/46 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1695 , G06F11/2033 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2046 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A backup VM is allowed to enter live execution mode at instruction boundaries but not in the middle of emulation of a single instruction. This is accomplished by having the last log entry of multiple entries generated during emulation of an instruction to have an indication of a “go-live” point and by having the backup VM not replay log entries provided by the primary VM beyond the log entry that indicates the “go-live” point.
摘要翻译：允许备份虚拟机在指令边界进入实时执行模式，但不能在单个指令的仿真中进行。这是通过在仿真仿真指令期间生成的多个条目的最后日志条目来实现的，以便具有“go-live”点的指示，并且使得备份VM不重播由主VM提供的超出日志条目的日志条目，表示“上线”点。

7. 发明申请

US20090119665A1 TRANSITIONING OF VIRTUAL MACHINE FROM REPLAY MODE TO LIVE MODE 有权
标题翻译：虚拟机从复原模式转换到实时模式
公开(公告)号：US20090119665A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-07
申请号：US12266171
申请日：2008-11-06
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1683 , G06F11/1695 , G06F11/2033 , G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2046 , G06F2009/45579 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A backup VM is allowed to enter live execution mode at instruction boundaries but not in the middle of emulation of a single instruction. This is accomplished by having the last log entry of multiple entries generated during emulation of an instruction to have an indication of a “go-live” point and by having the backup VM not replay log entries provided by the primary VM beyond the log entry that indicates the “go-live” point.
摘要翻译：允许备份虚拟机在指令边界进入实时执行模式，但不能在单个指令的仿真中进行。这是通过在仿真仿真指令期间生成的多个条目的最后日志条目来实现的，以便具有“go-live”点的指示，并且使得备份VM不重播由主VM提供的超出日志条目的日志条目，表示“上线”点。

8. 发明授权

US08713273B2 Generating and using checkpoints in a virtual computer system 有权
标题翻译：在虚拟计算机系统中生成和使用检查点
公开(公告)号：US08713273B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-29
申请号：US13608126
申请日：2012-09-10
申请人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F12/14
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F11/1435 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1458 , G06F11/1471 , G06F11/1482 , G06F11/1484 , G06F12/16 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/84
摘要： To generate a checkpoint for a virtual machine (VM), first, while the VM is still running, a copy-on-write (COW) disk file is created pointing to a parent disk file that the VM is using. Next, the VM is stopped, the VM's memory is marked COW, the device state of the VM is saved to memory, the VM is switched to use the COW disk file, and the VM begins running again for substantially the remainder of the checkpoint generation. Next, the device state that was stored in memory and the unmodified VM memory pages are saved to a checkpoint file. Also, a copy may be made of the parent disk file for retention as part of the checkpoint, or the original parent disk file may be retained as part of the checkpoint. If a copy of the parent disk file was made, then the COW disk file may be committed to the original parent disk file.
摘要翻译：要为虚拟机（VM）生成检查点，首先，当VM仍在运行时，会创建指向VM所使用的父磁盘文件的写时复制（COW）磁盘文件。接下来，VM停止，VM的内存被标记为COW，VM的设备状态被保存到内存，VM被切换为使用COW磁盘文件，并且VM再次开始运行，大部分剩下的检查点生成。接下来，将存储在存储器中的设备状态和未修改的VM内存页保存到检查点文件。另外，作为检查点的一部分，可以将父磁盘文件作为副本作为保留，也可以将原始的父磁盘文件作为检查点的一部分进行保留。如果生成了父磁盘文件的副本，则COW磁盘文件可能会提交到原始的父磁盘文件。

9. 发明授权

US08266404B2 Generating and using checkpoints in a virtual computer system 有权
标题翻译：在虚拟计算机系统中生成和使用检查点
公开(公告)号：US08266404B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-11
申请号：US13171268
申请日：2011-06-28
申请人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
发明人： Carl A. Waldspurger , Michael Nelson , Daniel J. Scales , Pratap Subrahmanyam
IPC分类号： G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F11/1407 , G06F11/1435 , G06F11/1438 , G06F11/1458 , G06F11/1471 , G06F11/1482 , G06F11/1484 , G06F12/16 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/84
摘要： To generate a checkpoint for a virtual machine (VM), first, while the VM is still running, a copy-on-write (COW) disk file is created pointing to a parent disk file that the VM is using. Next, the VM is stopped, the VM's memory is marked COW, the device state of the VM is saved to memory, the VM is switched to use the COW disk file, and the VM begins running again for substantially the remainder of the checkpoint generation. Next, the device state that was stored in memory and the unmodified VM memory pages are saved to a checkpoint file. Also, a copy may be made of the parent disk file for retention as part of the checkpoint, or the original parent disk file may be retained as part of the checkpoint. If a copy of the parent disk file was made, then the COW disk file may be committed to the original parent disk file.
摘要翻译：要为虚拟机（VM）生成检查点，首先，当VM仍在运行时，会创建指向VM所使用的父磁盘文件的写时复制（COW）磁盘文件。接下来，VM停止，VM的内存被标记为COW，VM的设备状态被保存到内存，VM被切换为使用COW磁盘文件，并且VM再次开始运行，大部分剩下的检查点生成。接下来，将存储在存储器中的设备状态和未修改的VM内存页保存到检查点文件。另外，作为检查点的一部分，可以将父磁盘文件作为副本作为保留，也可以将原始的父磁盘文件作为检查点的一部分进行保留。如果生成了父磁盘文件的副本，则COW磁盘文件可能会提交到原始的父磁盘文件。

10. 发明申请

US20090119493A1 Using Branch Instruction Counts to Facilitate Replay of Virtual Machine Instruction Execution 有权
标题翻译：使用分支指令计数来促进虚拟机指令执行的重放
公开(公告)号：US20090119493A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-07
申请号：US12057282
申请日：2008-03-27
申请人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Boris Weissman , Min Xu , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin
发明人： Ganesh Venkitachalam , Michael Nelson , Boris Weissman , Min Xu , Vyacheslav V. Malyugin
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F11/3636 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45591
摘要： A method and computer program product for logging non-deterministic events of a virtual machine executing a sequence guest instructions, the method including tracking an execution point in the sequence of executing guest instructions, the tracking of the execution point including determining a branch count of executed branch instructions; and detecting an occurrence of a non-deterministic event directed to the virtual machine during execution of the sequence of guest instructions, and recording information which includes an identifier of a current execution point, wherein the identifier includes the branch count.
摘要翻译：一种用于记录执行序列访客指令的虚拟机的非确定性事件的方法和计算机程序产品，所述方法包括跟踪执行访客指令序列中的执行点，执行点的跟踪包括确定执行的分支计数分支指示; 以及在执行所述访客指令序列期间检测指向所述虚拟机的非确定性事件的发生，以及记录包括当前执行点的标识符的信息，其中所述标识符包括所述分支计数。

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