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1. 发明授权

US11211176B2 Continuous reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel 有权
公开(公告)号：US11211176B2
公开(公告)日：2021-12-28
申请号：US16965329
申请日：2019-01-30
申请人： Ian Richard Scott
发明人： Ian Richard Scott
IPC分类号： G21C19/50 , C25C3/34 , C25C3/36 , C25C7/00 , G21C19/48
摘要： Spent nuclear fuel is added to an electro-reduction cell, wherein the electro-reduction cell includes a halide salt electrolyte, and anode, and a cathode including an alloy of uranium and a first metal forming a low melting point alloy with uranium, the first metal being one or more of: iron; chromium; nickel; manganese; and cobalt. The spent nuclear fuel is electrochemically reduced at a potential sufficient to reduce plutonium and lanthanides in the spent nuclear fuel, to form a molten alloy of the first metal, uranium and higher actinides present in the spent nuclear fuel. The alloy is extracted from the electro-reduction cell while uranium oxide is present in the electro-reduction cell. The spent nuclear fuel includes uranium oxide and at least 1 mol of lanthanides per tonne of uranium in the spent nuclear fuel, and the electro-reduction cell is operated at a temperature above the melting point of the alloy.

2. 发明申请

US20200002790A1 MnAl ALLOY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20200002790A1
公开(公告)日：2020-01-02
申请号：US16485595
申请日：2018-03-09
申请人： TDK CORPORATION
发明人： Suguru SATOH
IPC分类号： C22C22/00 , C22C1/02 , C22F1/18 , C25C3/36
摘要： An object of the present invention is to provide a Mn-based alloy exhibiting metamagnetism over a wide temperature range. A MnAl alloy according to the present invention exhibits metamagnetism and has crystal grains containing a τ-MnAl phase and crystal grains containing a γ2-MnAl phase. Assuming that the area of the crystal grains containing the τ-MnAl phase in a predetermined cross section is B, and the area of the crystal grains containing the γ2-MnAl phase therein is A, the value of B/A is 0.2 or more and 21.0 or less. When the ratio of the areas between the crystal grains containing the τ-MnAl phase and those containing the γ2-MnAl phase is controlled within the above range, metamagnetism is imparted to the MnAl alloy and, thus, it is possible to obtain metamagnetism over a wide temperature range, particularly, over a temperature range of −100° C. to 200° C.

3. 发明申请

US20190237209A1 ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS FOR DIRECT OXIDE REDUCTION, AND RELATED METHODS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20190237209A1
公开(公告)日：2019-08-01
申请号：US15886041
申请日：2018-02-01
申请人： Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC.
发明人： Prabhat K. Tripathy
IPC分类号： G21C19/48 , C25C3/36
CPC分类号： G21C19/48 , C25C3/36
摘要： A method of direct oxide reduction includes forming a molten salt electrolyte in an electrochemical cell, disposing at least one metal oxide in the electrochemical cell, disposing a counter electrode comprising a material selected from the group consisting of osmium, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, silver, gold, lithium iridate, lithium ruthenate, a lithium rhodate, a lithium tin oxygen compound, a lithium manganese compound, strontium ruthenium ternary compounds, calcium iridate, strontium iridate, calcium platinate, strontium platinate, magnesium ruthenate, magnesium iridate, sodium ruthenate, sodium iridate, potassium iridate, and potassium ruthenate in the electrochemical cell, and applying a current between the counter electrode and the at least one metal oxide to reduce the at least one metal oxide. Related methods of direct oxide reduction and related electrochemical cells are also disclosed.

4. 发明申请

US20180202058A1 TITANIUM MASTER ALLOY FOR TITANIUM-ALUMINUM BASED ALLOYS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20180202058A1
公开(公告)日：2018-07-19
申请号：US15872328
申请日：2018-01-16
申请人： Universal Technical Resource Services, Inc.
发明人： James R. COX , Chanaka L. DeALWIS , Benjamin A. KOHLER , Michael G. LEWIS , Juliane B. KLUCK
IPC分类号： C25C3/36 , C22C14/00 , C25C5/04 , C25C3/28 , C25C3/12 , C25C7/06
CPC分类号： C25C3/36 , C22C14/00 , C25C3/12 , C25C3/28 , C25C5/04 , C25C7/06
摘要： A process is disclosed for the electro-refinement of titanium aluminides to produce titanium-aluminum master alloys which process is effective even in the presence of substantial amounts of aluminum and in the presence of ten (10) or more weight percent oxygen in the material(s) to be refined. The process is likewise effective without the addition of titanium chlorides or other forms of soluble titanium to the electrolyte bath comprising halide salts of alkali metals or alkali-earth metals or a combination thereof.

5. 发明申请

US20120006690A1 ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION OF LITHIUM METAL 有权
标题翻译：电解生产锂金属
公开(公告)号：US20120006690A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-12
申请号：US13172401
申请日：2011-06-29
申请人： Steven C. Amendola , Lawrence Swonger , Stefanie Goldman
发明人： Steven C. Amendola , Lawrence Swonger , Stefanie Goldman
IPC分类号： C25C3/02 , C25C7/08 , C25C7/02 , C25C3/36
CPC分类号： C25C1/04 , C25C1/02 , C25C7/08
摘要： The present invention provides a process for preparing lithium alloy or lithium metal from lithium carbonate or its equivalent lithium ion source such as spudomene ore without creating toxic byproducts such as halogen gases and a system adopted for such a process.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种从碳酸锂或其等效的锂离子源如石墨矿制备锂合金或锂金属的方法，而不会产生诸如卤素气体的有毒副产物和用于这种方法的系统。

6. 发明申请

US20070215483A1 METHOD FOR ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS 有权
标题翻译：电解生产和金属精炼方法
公开(公告)号：US20070215483A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-20
申请号：US11682457
申请日：2007-03-06
申请人： Kai JOHANSEN , Donald R. SADOWAY , Bjorn MYHRE , Marianne ENGVOLL , Krister ENGVOLL
发明人： Kai JOHANSEN , Donald R. SADOWAY , Bjorn MYHRE , Marianne ENGVOLL , Krister ENGVOLL
IPC分类号： C25B1/00 , C25C3/36
CPC分类号： C25B1/006 , C25C3/00 , C25C3/28 , C25C3/34
摘要： The present invention relates to a method for electrolytic production and refining of metals having a melting point above about 1000° C., particularly silicon, where there is provided a first electrolytic cell having an upper molten electrolyte layer of a first electrolyte, a lower molten alloy layer of an alloy of the metal to be refined and at least one metal more noble than the metal to be refined. The lower alloy layer is the cathode in the first cell and an anode is positioned in the upper molten electrolyte layer. A second electrolytic cell is also provided with an upper molten metal layer of the same metal as the metal to be refined, said layer constituting a cathode, a lower molten alloy layer, said lower layer constituting an anode, said alloy having a higher density than the metal to be refined, and an intermediate molten electrolyte layer having a density between the density of the upper and lower molten layers. Both electrolytes are oxide based electrolytes containing oxide of the metal to be refined, and the electrolyte is in molten state and has a melting point below the operating temperature of the process. Raw material comprising an oxide of the metal to be refined is added to the first cell and direct electric current is passed through the anode to the cathode such that the metal to be refined is moved from the anode and deposited in molten state at the cathode. The two cells can be operated in two separate steps. One to produce an alloy and the other to refine metal from the alloy.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及熔点高于约1000℃的金属，特别是硅的电解生产和精炼方法，其中提供了具有第一电解质的上部熔融电解质层的第一电解槽，要被精炼的金属的合金的合金层和比待精炼的金属更贵的至少一种金属。下合金层是第一电池中的阴极，阳极位于上部熔融电解质层中。第二电解槽还设置有与待精炼的金属相同的金属的上部熔融金属层，所述层构成阴极，下部熔融合金层，所述下层构成阳极，所述合金的密度高于待精炼的金属，以及具有上下熔融层的密度之间的密度的中间熔融电解质层。两种电解质都是含有待精炼金属的氧化物的基于氧化物的电解质，电解质处于熔融状态，熔点低于工艺的工作温度。将包含待精炼金属的氧化物的原料加入到第一电池中，直接电流通过阳极进入阴极，使得待精炼的金属从阳极移动并在阴极处以熔融状态沉积。两个电池可以在两个单独的步骤中操作。一种是生产合金，另一种是从合金中精炼金属。

7. 发明授权

US5000829A Process for preparing praseodymium metal or praseodymium-containing alloy 失效
标题翻译：制备镨金属或含镨合金的方法
公开(公告)号：US5000829A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-19
申请号：US522027
申请日：1990-05-11
申请人： Hideo Tamamura
发明人： Hideo Tamamura
IPC分类号： C22C1/02 , C25C3/34 , C25C3/36
CPC分类号： C25C3/34 , C22C1/02 , C25C3/36
摘要： A process for the preparation of a praseodymium-iron alloy or a praseodymium-neodymium-iron alloy, which comprises using praseodymium fluoride (PrF.sub.3) or a mixture of praseodymium fluoride and neodymium fluoride (NdF.sub.3) as the starting material and carrying out the electrolysis in a fused salt bath having a composition comprising substantially 5 to 34% by weight of PrF.sub.3 or a mixture of PrF.sub.3 and NdF.sub.3 and 95 to 66% by weight of lithium fluoride (LiF) by using an iron cathode, and a process for the preparation of praseodymium metal or a praseodymium-neodymium alloy which comprises using praseodymium fluoride (PrF.sub.3) or a mixture of praseodymium fluoride and neodymium fluodide (NdF.sub.3) as the starting material and carrying out the electrolysis in a fused salt bath having a comprising substantially 5 to 75% by weight of PfF.sub.3 or the mixture of PrF.sub.3 and NdF.sub.3 and 95 to 25% by weight of lithium fluoride (LiF) by using a cathode of carbon or an infusible metal.

8. 发明授权

US4783245A Process and apparatus for producing alloy containing terbium and/or gadolinium 失效
标题翻译：用于生产含有铽和/或钆的合金的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4783245A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-08
申请号：US25272
申请日：1987-03-12
申请人： Eiji Nakamura , Katsuhisa Itoh , Shigeaki Sasaki , Masahiro Nishio , Mikio Sakakibara
发明人： Eiji Nakamura , Katsuhisa Itoh , Shigeaki Sasaki , Masahiro Nishio , Mikio Sakakibara
IPC分类号： C25C3/34 , C25C3/36
CPC分类号： C25C3/34
摘要： A process and an apparatus for producing an alloy containing terbium (Tb) and/or gadolinium (Gd). The process includes the steps of: (a) preparing a bath of molten electrolyte which consists essentially of 20-95% by weight of TbF.sub.3 and/or GdF.sub.3, 5-80% of LiF, up to 40% of BaF.sub.2 and up to 20% of CaF.sub.2 ; (b) reducing the TbF.sub.3 and/or GdF.sub.3 in the bath, with carbon anode and with cathode made of a metal such as iron or cobalt, so as to electrodeposit Tb and/or Gd on the cathode, and alloying the electrodeposited Tb and/or Gd with metal of the cathode so as to produce the alloy containing Tb and/or Gd in a liquid state on the cathode; (c) adding the TbF.sub.3 and/or GdF.sub.3 to the bath so as to maintain the composition of the bath, for compensating for consumption of the TbF.sub.3 and/or GdF.sub.3 during production of the alloy; (d) dripping the liquid alloy from the cathode into a receiver having a mouth which is open upward in a lower portion of the bath below the cathode, and thereby collecting the liquid alloy in the form of a molten pool in the receiver; and (e) withdrawing the molten pool of the liquid alloy from the receiver.

9. 发明授权

US4684448A Process of producing neodymium-iron alloy 失效
标题翻译：生产钕铁合金的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4684448A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US776800
申请日：1985-09-17
申请人： Katsuhisa Itoh , Yoshiaki Watanabe , Eiji Nakamura , Masayasu Toyoshima
发明人： Katsuhisa Itoh , Yoshiaki Watanabe , Eiji Nakamura , Masayasu Toyoshima
IPC分类号： C25C3/34 , C25C7/00 , C25C3/36
CPC分类号： C25C7/005 , C25C3/34
摘要： A process and an apparatus for producing a neodymium-iron alloy by electrolysis reduction of neodymium fluoride in a bath of molten electrolyte, consisting essentially of 35-76% by weight of neodymium fluoride, 20-60% by weight of lithium fluoride, up to 40% by weight of barium fluoride and up to 20% by weight of calcium fluoride, conducted between one or more iron cathode and one or more carbon anode. The apparatus comprises an electrowinning cell of refractory materials coated inside with a lining resistive to the bath, the carbon anode of constant transverse cross-sectional shape over its length, immersed into the electrolyte bath at its free and, the iron cathode of constant transverse cross-sectional shape over its length, immersed into the electrolytic bath at its free end, a receiver placed on the bottom of the cell for collecting the produced neodymium-iron alloy in a liquid state on the tip of the iron cathode, siphoning means for withdrawing the molten alloy pooled in the receiver out of the cell, and feeding means for feeding the ever wearing iron cathode into the electrolyte bath so as to apply the direct current to the iron cathode with a predetermined current density.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过在熔融电解质浴中电解还原氟化钕来生产钕 - 铁合金的方法和装置，其基本上由35-76重量％的氟化钕，20-60重量％的氟化锂组成，直至在一个或多个铁阴极和一个或多个碳阳极之间进行40重量％的氟化钡和至多20重量％的氟化钙。该装置包括涂覆在其内部的耐熔材料的电解沉积池，其具有耐熔池的衬里，其长度上具有恒定横截面形状的碳阳极，浸入其游离的电解质浴池中，并且恒定横向交叉的铁阴极在其长度上的截面形状，浸入其自由端的电解浴中，放置在电池底部的接收器，用于在铁阴极的尖端上收集液态的所生产的钕 - 铁合金，用于抽出的虹吸装置将熔融合金收集在电池内的接收器中，以及馈送装置，用于将经过磨损的铁阴极供入电解槽中，以便以预定电流密度将直流施加到铁阴极。

10. 发明授权

US3980537A Production of aluminum-silicon alloys in an electrolytic cell 失效
标题翻译：在电解池中生产铝硅合金
公开(公告)号：US3980537A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-14
申请号：US619376
申请日：1975-10-03
申请人： Curtis Jefferson McMinn , Alton Theodore Tabereaux, Jr.
发明人： Curtis Jefferson McMinn , Alton Theodore Tabereaux, Jr.
IPC分类号： C25C3/36 , C22C21/02
CPC分类号： C25C3/36
摘要： A method of achieving improved operation of aluminum reduction cells being used to produce aluminum-silicon alloys, and related aspects of introducing silica and alumina to supply the requirements thereof to obtain an alloy of the desired silicon content.
摘要翻译：用于制造铝 - 硅合金的铝还原电池的改进操作的方法，以及引入二氧化硅和氧化铝以提供其要求以获得所需硅含量的合金的相关方面。

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