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91. 发明授权

US07174267B2 Computer-assisted method for calculating the temperature of a solid body 失效
标题翻译：用于计算固体温度的计算机辅助方法
公开(公告)号：US07174267B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-06
申请号：US11051355
申请日：2005-02-04
申请人： Johannes Ebersberger
发明人： Johannes Ebersberger
IPC分类号： H05G1/36 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01K7/42 , H01J35/08 , H01J2235/1204
摘要： In a method for the calculation of a temperature T of a solid body of a liquid cooling medium, or the time t needed for a temperature change of the solid body or the liquid cooling medium, the differential equation dT/dt=b−cT is converted into a dimensionless differential equation. The function that solves the dimensionless differential equation is used to compile a matrix A(=aij), with which T and/or t can be easily calculated.
摘要翻译：在计算液体冷却介质的固体的温度T或固体或液体冷却介质的温度变化所需的时间t的方法中，微分方程dT / dt = b-cT是转化为无量纲微分方程。解决无量纲微分方程的函数用于编译一个可以容易地计算出T和/或t的矩阵 A（= a ij）。

92. 发明授权

US6084940A Exposure control on the basis of a relevant part of an X-ray image 失效
标题翻译：在X射线图像的相关部分的基础上进行曝光控制
公开(公告)号：US6084940A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US061811
申请日：1998-04-16
申请人： Aldegonda C. M. Van Asten
发明人： Aldegonda C. M. Van Asten
IPC分类号： H05G1/30 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/38 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： H05G1/36 , H05G1/64
摘要： An X-ray examination apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray detector for deriving an image signal from an X-ray image, and an exposure control system for adjustment of the X-ray examination apparatus on the basis of a relevant part of the X-ray image. The exposure control system is arranged to group pixels of the X-ray image in one or more clusters on the basis of their brightness values and to select the relevant part of the X-ray image from the clusters.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的X射线检查装置包括用于从X射线图像导出图像信号的X射线检测器和用于根据相关部分调整X射线检查装置的曝光控制系统的X射线图像。曝光控制系统被设置为基于它们的亮度值将X射线图像的像素分组成一个或多个簇并且从簇中选择X射线图像的相关部分。

93. 发明授权

US5982849A High temperature warning device for an X-ray generator 失效
标题翻译：用于X射线发生器的高温警报装置
公开(公告)号：US5982849A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US32483
申请日：1998-02-27
申请人： Norbert Bischof
发明人： Norbert Bischof
IPC分类号： H05G1/36 , H01J35/10
CPC分类号： H05G1/36
摘要： A high temperature warning device for an x-ray source has a housing that can be attached to the exterior of the housing wall of an x-ray generator housing. The device has an integrated signaling alarm which is activated depending on the detection result of at least one temperature sensor communicating with the x-ray generator housing.
摘要翻译：用于X射线源的高温警报装置具有可附接到x射线发生器壳体的壳体壁的外部的壳体。该装置具有集成的信号报警器，其根据与x射线发生器壳体通信的至少一个温度传感器的检测结果被激活。

94. 发明授权

US5652777A Diagnostic X-ray apparatus 失效
标题翻译：诊断X光装置
公开(公告)号：US5652777A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-29
申请号：US360931
申请日：1994-12-21
申请人： Seiichiro Nagai , Akira Tsukamoto , Koichiro Nabuchi , Masayuki Nishiki
发明人： Seiichiro Nagai , Akira Tsukamoto , Koichiro Nabuchi , Masayuki Nishiki
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/22
CPC分类号： H05G1/36 , H05G1/60
摘要： A diagnostic X-ray apparatus includes an X-ray tube, an image intensifier for converting an X-ray image of an object under examination to an optical image, a solid state image sensor device for detecting the optical images produced by the image intensifier and converting the optical means into a series of video signals, a CCD driver generating field shift pulses for driving the solid state image sensor device at a predetermined rate, pulse width determining means for determining a pulse width of the X-ray pulses, and X-ray control means for controlling an emission period and timing of the X-ray pulse emitted from the X-ray tube. In the case that the solid state image sensor device performs interlaced scanning in a field storage mode, commencing with the second frame when the field shift pulse is generated by the CCD driver, the X-ray pulse continues to be emitted from the X-ray tube for a half of the pulse width determined by the pulse width determining means in the first frame. In case that the solid state image sensor device performs interlaced scanning in a frame storage mode, X-ray pulses having a pulse width determined by the pulse width determining means are emitted in the same field of each frame.
摘要翻译：诊断X射线装置包括：X射线管，用于将检查对象的X射线图像转换为光学图像的图像增强器;用于检测图像增强器产生的光学图像的固态图像传感器装置;以及将光学装置转换为一系列视频信号，产生用于以预定速率驱动固态图像传感器装置的场偏移脉冲的CCD驱动器，用于确定X射线脉冲的脉冲宽度的脉冲宽度确定装置，用于控制从X射线管发射的X射线脉冲的发射周期和定时的射线控制装置。在固态图像传感器装置进行现场存储模式的隔行扫描的情况下，当由CCD驱动器产生场偏移脉冲时从第二帧开始，X射线脉冲继续从X射线管由第一帧中的脉冲宽度确定装置确定的脉冲宽度的一半。在固态图像传感器装置以帧存储模式进行隔行扫描的情况下，由每个帧的相同场发射具有由脉冲宽度确定装置确定的脉冲宽度的X射线脉冲。

95. 发明授权

US5617462A Automatic X-ray exposure control system and method of use 失效
标题翻译：自动X射线曝光控制系统及使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5617462A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-01
申请号：US512524
申请日：1995-08-07
申请人： R. Bruce Spratt
发明人： R. Bruce Spratt
IPC分类号： H05G1/30 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , H05G1/30 , H05G1/36
摘要： An automatic X-ray exposure control system and method for adjusting the X-ray dose/technique of X-ray diagnostic equipment to ensure sufficient doses/techniques for proper imaging while minimizing levels of radiation contacting the patient. The system includes traditional X-ray sources to generate a X-rays and traditional X-ray receivers for developing an image of a piece of anatomy through which the X-rays have passed. A mechanism for analyzing the intensity of the image is disposed adjacent the X-ray receiver and opposite the X-ray source. Typically, the mechanism is a CCD video camera which provides two outputs, the first output being absolute brightness as recorded by the camera. The video is analyzed by a windowing circuit or similar device to select an area of the image and restrict further processing of the image to that area. Circuits analyze the windowed area to detect the peak brightness and the average brightness within the windowed area. A microprocessor mathematically combines the readings to obtain a single value characteristic of the density of the piece of anatomy imaged by the X-ray equipment. The microprocessor then compares this value with one or more predetermined exposure control tables; determines the ideal dose/technique for imaging and adjusts the X-ray source to achieve ideal exposure. Through efficient and automatic management, the microprocessor can adjust the X-ray technique rapidly, thus reducing exposure time of X-rays. Furthermore, automatic adjustment may select predetermined techniques that minimize dose, and that are less obvious to some operators.
摘要翻译：一种自动X射线曝光控制系统和方法，用于调节X射线诊断设备的X射线剂量/技术，以确保足够的剂量/技术进行适当的成像，同时最小化接触患者的辐射水平。该系统包括传统的X射线源以产生X射线和传统的X射线接收器，用于开发X射线已经通过的解剖结构的图像。用于分析图像的强度的机构设置在X射线接收机附近并与X射线源相对。通常，该机制是提供两个输出的CCD摄像机，第一个输出是由相机记录的绝对亮度。通过开窗电路或类似设备分析视频以选择图像的区域并限制图像进一步处理到该区域。电路分析窗口区域以检测窗口区域内的峰值亮度和平均亮度。微处理器以数学方式组合读数以获得由X射线设备成像的解剖结构片段的密度的单一值特性。然后微处理器将该值与一个或多个预定的曝光控制表进行比较; 确定成像的理想剂量/技术，并调整X射线源以实现理想的曝光。通过高效自动的管理，微处理器可以快速调整X射线技术，从而减少X射线的曝光时间。此外，自动调整可以选择使剂量最小化的预定技术，并且对于一些操作者来说不太明显。

96. 发明授权

US5574764A Digital brightness detector 失效
标题翻译：数字亮度检测器
公开(公告)号：US5574764A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-12
申请号：US466646
申请日：1995-06-06
申请人： Paul R. Granfors , Jean C. Morvan , Michael A. Juhl
发明人： Paul R. Granfors , Jean C. Morvan , Michael A. Juhl
IPC分类号： G03B42/02 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/44 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： H04N5/2351 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/60
摘要： A brightness detector is used to control the x-ray exposure and the displayed image level in a diagnostic x-ray imaging system. Initially, a region of interest of an image is specified. The average pixel value within the specified region of interest of the image is then found, ignoring regions below a preselected low signal level threshold. Finally, the average pixel value is fed back to the x-ray generator to control the x-ray exposure. The average pixel value is also used to determine a scaling factor to be applied to the image in order to maintain an optimum brightness level when the desired x-ray exposure cannot be attained.
摘要翻译：亮度检测器用于控制诊断X射线成像系统中的x射线曝光和显示的图像水平。首先，指定图像的感兴趣区域。然后找到图像的指定感兴趣区域内的平均像素值，忽略低于预选低信号电平阈值的区域。最后，将平均像素值反馈到x射线发生器以控制x射线曝光。平均像素值还用于确定要施加到图像的缩放因子，以便当不能获得期望的x射线曝光时保持最佳亮度水平。

97. 发明授权

US5485501A Method for the operation of an automatic x-ray exposure unit 失效
标题翻译：自动X射线曝光单元的操作方法
公开(公告)号：US5485501A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US288043
申请日：1994-08-10
申请人： Horst Aichinger
发明人： Horst Aichinger
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/44 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/44
摘要： An x-ray examination installation includes an x-ray source for irradiating an examination subject with x-rays, and an automatic exposure unit having a radiation detector composed of a matrix of detector elements. Only the output signals of specified detector elements, which define the measuring field within which an optimum exposure should ensue, are utilized for generating a signal which is then supplied to the x-ray source for controlling the exposure dose. The automatic exposure unit is operated according to a method wherein a distribution of the grayscale values in a test image is first calculated, and subsequently the main image is produced with the previously-calculated distribution of grayscale values superimposed in the main image.
摘要翻译： X射线检查装置包括用于用X射线照射检查对象的X射线源和具有由检测器元件的矩阵组成的放射线检测器的自动曝光单元。仅使用定义要在其中进行最佳曝光的测量场的指定检测器元件的输出信号来产生信号，然后将该信号提供给用于控制曝光剂量的x射线源。根据首先计算测试图像中的灰度值的分布并随后以先前计算的叠加在主图像中的灰度值分布来产生主图像的方法来操作自动曝光单元。

98. 发明授权

US5388138A X-ray diagnostic apparatus 失效
标题翻译： X光诊断仪
公开(公告)号：US5388138A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US157278
申请日：1993-11-26
申请人： Shigemi Fujiwara
发明人： Shigemi Fujiwara
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/44 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/42
CPC分类号： H05G1/44 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/60
摘要： An X-ray diagnostic apparatus includes: an X-ray tube; an X-ray controller for controlling a dose of X-rays generated by the X-ray tube; an image intensifier for converting X-rays radiated by the X-ray tube and passed through an object to be diagnosed, into an optical image; an optical system through which the optical image is passed; an image forming device for transducing the optical image obtained through the optical system into electric signals, the image forming device being provided with Knee characteristics such that photoelectric transduction characteristics into the electric signals has a point of inflection beyond which gradient thereof is reduced; a memory device for storing the electric signals outputted by the image forming device; an image displaying unit for processing the electric signals of the memory device for display of diagnosis information of the object to be diagnosed; an interest region determining section for determining a region of interest with respect to the diagnosis information displayed on the image display unit; and a luminous energy control section for controlling the dose of the X-rays through the X-ray controller on the basis of pixel values of the image forming device obtained in the determined region of interest, in such a way that values on the photoelectric transduction characteristics are always kept lower than a value at the point of inflection.
摘要翻译： X射线诊断装置包括：X射线管; 用于控制由X射线管产生的X射线剂量的X射线控制器; 用于将由X射线管辐射并穿过待诊断对象的X射线转换成光学图像的图像增强器; 通过光学图像的光学系统; 用于将通过光学系统获得的光学图像转换成电信号的图像形成装置，所述图像形成装置具有膝盖特性，使得对电信号的光电转换特性具有超过其倾斜度的拐点; 用于存储由图像形成装置输出的电信号的存储装置; 图像显示单元，用于处理存储装置的电信号，以显示待诊断对象的诊断信息; 感兴趣区域确定部分，用于根据显示在图像显示单元上的诊断信息来确定感兴趣区域; 以及光能控制部分，用于基于在所确定的感兴趣区域中获得的图像形成装置的像素值来控制通过X射线控制器的X射线的剂量，使得光电转换上的值特征始终保持低于拐点处的值。

99. 发明授权

US5164977A Process and apparatus for effecting slit radiography 失效
标题翻译：用于进行狭缝X线摄影的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5164977A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-17
申请号：US665291
申请日：1991-03-05
申请人： Hugo Vlasbloem , Simon Duinker
发明人： Hugo Vlasbloem , Simon Duinker
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/03 , A61B6/06 , G21K1/04 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/58 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： A61B6/4476 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/06 , A61B6/4035 , G21K1/04 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/58 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
摘要： A slit radiography assembly including an X-ray source, and X-ray detector and a slit diaphragm comprised of a plurality of sections juxtaposed in the longitudinal direction of the slit and coacting with controllable attenuation elements wherein: during scanning, a detection assembly includes a plurality of response sections cooperate with the X-ray detector to provide an electric signal representative of the intensity to control the attenuation elements during scanning at initial measuring exposure and subsequent radiographical exposure of the body.
摘要翻译：一种狭缝X射线摄影组件，包括X射线源和X射线检测器以及狭缝膜片，其由在狭缝的纵向方向并列并与可控衰减元件并列的多个部分组成，其中：在扫描期间，检测组件包括：多个响应部分与X射线检测器协作以提供代表强度的电信号，以在初始测量曝光和随后的身体放射照射时的扫描期间控制衰减元件。

100. 发明授权

US5012504A Automatic brightness compensation for fluorography systems 失效
标题翻译：荧光系统的自动亮度补偿
公开(公告)号：US5012504A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-30
申请号：US456447
申请日：1989-12-26
申请人： James A. McFaul , David L. McDaniel , Barry F. Belanger
发明人： James A. McFaul , David L. McDaniel , Barry F. Belanger
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , G06T1/00 , H04N5/235 , H04N5/32 , H04N7/18 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/60
CPC分类号： H05G1/36 , H04N5/2351 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/60
摘要： The brightness of an X-ray video image during fluorography is maintained at a substantially constant level by a control circuit which varies the X-ray dose in relation to changes in the average brightness of the X-ray image. Selected picture elements of the image which lie within a defined region in the image and which have a brightness above a given level are used to derive the average X-ray image brightness. The brightness of the selected picture elements are summed and the number of such picture elements counted. The summation of the brightness and the picture element count are both scaled by a factor of 2.sup.n to reduce the size of the numbers of the complexity of the averaging circuitry. The scaled brightness summation is divided by the scaled picture element count and the result is stored as the average X-ray image brightness.

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