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41. 发明授权

US6029656A Energy collector 失效
标题翻译：能量收集器
公开(公告)号：US6029656A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US74435
申请日：1998-05-07
申请人： Alois Schwarz
发明人： Alois Schwarz
IPC分类号： F24S20/20 , F24S23/74 , H01L31/054 , H02S40/44 , F24J2/08
CPC分类号： F24J2/1047 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/14 , H01L31/0547 , H02S40/44 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/45 , Y02E10/52 , Y02E10/60
摘要： The energy collector has a housing with a cover which is transparent to vble and thermal radiation. One or more heat collectors are disposed in the interior of the housing. The heat collectors are carried by a pipe through which a heat-transport medium flows. Each of the collectors is assigned a reflector of concave design underneath the respective heat collector. The width of the reflector is significantly greater (e.g. a multiple) than the width of the heat collector. The incident visible and/or thermal radiation is either incident on the front side of the heat collector or it is reflected onto its rear side by the associated reflector. A large portion or all of the rear surface of the collector is covered with photovoltaic elements onto which focused light energy is aimed by the concave reflectors.
摘要翻译：能量收集器具有壳体，其具有对可见光和热辐射透明的盖。一个或多个集热器设置在壳体的内部。集热器由热传输介质流过的管道承载。每个收集器被分配在相应的热收集器下面的凹形设计的反射器。反射器的宽度比热收集器的宽度大得多（例如多倍）。入射的可见光和/或热辐射或者入射到集热器的前侧，或者通过相关联的反射器反射到其后侧。收集器的大部分或全部后表面被光电元件覆盖，聚焦光能由凹面反射器瞄准。

42. 发明授权

US5979439A Solar receiver 失效
标题翻译：太阳能接收器
公开(公告)号：US5979439A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US161450
申请日：1998-09-28
申请人： Bernhard Hoffschmidt , Robert Pitz-Paal
发明人： Bernhard Hoffschmidt , Robert Pitz-Paal
IPC分类号： F03G6/00 , F24S20/20 , F24S23/79 , F24J2/10
CPC分类号： F24J2/18 , F03G6/00 , F24J2/07 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/46
摘要： A solar receiver (10; 110) for a solar thermal power plant comprises an elongated supply chamber (16; 118) for a heat carrier medium flowing in the supply chamber (16; 118) at a small loss of pressure, an elongated absorber (13; 113), the inlet areas (21; 119) thereof extending in a longitudinal direction and limiting the supply chamber (16; 118), and a drain chamber (18; 125) extending in a longitudinal direction and being contained in the supply chamber (16; 118) for the heated heat carrier medium and being limited by at least one outlet area (22; 124) extending in a longitudinal direction, the inlet area (21; 119) and the outlet area (22; 124) being offset against each other in a transverse direction. This is why the heat carrier medium flows in a transverse direction to the absorber (13; 113) so that the flow causing a loss of pressure is limited on a relatively short path and the heat carrier medium being heated flows towards the increasing intensity of incident radiation.
摘要翻译：一种用于太阳能发电厂的太阳能接收器（10; 110）包括用于以较小的压力损失在供给室（16; 118）中流动的热载体介质的细长供应室（16; 118） 13; 113），其沿纵向方向延伸并限制供应室（16; 118）的入口区域（21; 119）和沿纵向方向延伸并包含在供应源用于加热的热载体介质的腔室（16; 118），并且由沿纵向方向延伸的至少一个出口区域（22; 124）限制，入口区域（21; 119）和出口区域（22; 124）在横向彼此抵消。这就是为什么热载体介质沿着吸收器（13; 113）的横向方向流动，使得导致压力损失的流量在相对短的路径上受到限制，并且被加热的载体介质流向增加的入射强度辐射。

43. 发明授权

US5904748A Production of elementary volatile metals by thermal reduction of their oxides with the aid of another metal 失效
标题翻译：借助于另一种金属热氧还原氧化物来生产基本的挥发性金属
公开(公告)号：US5904748A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US914258
申请日：1997-08-19
申请人： Jakob Ehrensberger , Michael Epstein , Amnon Yogev
发明人： Jakob Ehrensberger , Michael Epstein , Amnon Yogev
IPC分类号： B01J19/12 , C22B5/16 , C22B19/00 , C22B26/10 , F24S20/20 , C22B19/20
CPC分类号： F24J2/07 , B01J19/127 , C22B19/00 , C22B26/10 , C22B5/16 , Y02E10/41
摘要： Solar process for the production of volatile elemental zinc, sodium, and potassium by reacting their oxides with a reducing metallic agent selected from Fe, Sn, Ni, Co and Mn, and in a second step, reacting carbon or hydrogen with the oxide of said reducing metallic agent so as to reduce it back to its metallic form.
摘要翻译：用于通过使其氧化物与选自Fe，Sn，Ni，Co和Mn的还原性金属剂反应来生产挥发性元素锌，钠和钾的太阳能方法，并且在第二步中，使碳或氢与所述还原金属剂，以便将其还原成其金属形式。

44. 发明授权

US5899071A Adaptive thermal controller for heat engines 失效
标题翻译：热机自适应热控制器
公开(公告)号：US5899071A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-04
申请号：US700577
申请日：1996-08-14
申请人： Kenneth W Stone , Roy E. McAlister
发明人： Kenneth W Stone , Roy E. McAlister
IPC分类号： F02G5/00 , F03G6/00 , F24S20/20
CPC分类号： F02G5/00 , F03G6/00 , F24J2/07 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/46 , Y02T10/166
摘要： A solar to mechanical or electric power conversion system which has a controller that varies the speed of a cooling fan and cooling fluid pump fan in accordance with the available solar energy intensity, ambient temperature surrounding the system and other operating conditions. The system includes a suitable heat source such as an isotope heat source, fuel combustor, or a solar concentrator that delivers solar energy to a focal point by reflection from mirrors or by Fresnel lens. A suitable solar concentrator may also be based upon on densifying the solar photon count by a Winston concentrator. For solar heated devices based on concentrated solar energy, a receiver is located at the focal point. This receiver is heated by concentrated solar energy. Heat is transferred to a working fluid which powers a heat engine. The heat engine converts the thermal energy into mechanical energy. The mechanical energy is transmitted to a load coupled to the engine. The temperature of the working fluid is lowered by transfer to the surroundings by operation of means selected from the group including a cooling fluid valve means, variable rate fan, a variable rate pump, a cooling fluid to air heat exchanger, a cooling fluid to ground heat exchanger, and a change of phase heat exchanger. The speed of the fan and pump are controlled by a controller which also senses the ambient temperatures that are available and the temperature of the cooling fluid. The controller computes an optimum cooling fluid temperature as a function of energy expenditure and controls fan, valve, and pump operations to achieve the desired energy conversion optimization.
摘要翻译：一种太阳能机械或电力转换系统，其具有根据可用的太阳能强度，围绕系统的环境温度和其他操作条件改变冷却风扇和冷却流体泵风扇的速度的控制器。该系统包括合适的热源，例如同位素热源，燃料燃烧器或太阳能聚光器，其通过来自反射镜或菲涅尔透镜的反射将太阳能传递到焦点。合适的太阳能聚光器也可以基于通过Winston浓缩器致密太阳能光子计数。对于基于集中太阳能的太阳能加热设备，接收器位于焦点。这个接收器被集中的太阳能加热。热转移到为热力发动机供电的工作流体。热机将热能转化为机械能。机械能传递到耦合到发动机的负载。通过从包括冷却流体阀装置，可变速率风扇，可变速率泵，冷却流体到空气热交换器，冷却流体到地面的组中选择的装置的操作转移到周围的工作流体的温度降低热交换器和相热交换器的改变。风扇和泵的速度由控制器控制，控制器还可以感测可用的环境温度和冷却液的温度。控制器计算最佳冷却液温度作为能量消耗的函数，并控制风扇，阀门和泵操作，以实现所需的能量转换优化。

45. 发明授权

US5797387A Absorber 失效
标题翻译：吸收器
公开(公告)号：US5797387A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US708237
申请日：1996-09-06
申请人： Thomas Fend , Bernhardt Hoffschmidt , Robert Pitz-Paal , Peter Rietbrock
发明人： Thomas Fend , Bernhardt Hoffschmidt , Robert Pitz-Paal , Peter Rietbrock
IPC分类号： F03G6/00 , F03G6/04 , F03G6/06 , F24S20/20 , F24J2/02
CPC分类号： F03G6/04 , F03G6/06 , F24J2/07 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/46
摘要： The invention relates to an absorber designed to absorb radiation and to transfer the energy of the radiation to a heat transport medium. To provide an absorber with high efficiency, the absorber according to the invention comprises a plurality of absorber components (32) attached to each other and having passages (42) formed therein for absorption of radiation and for suctional intake of a heat transport medium. Each absorber component (32) is provided with a dedicated mixing chamber (44) having said passages (42) of said absorber component (32) entering thereinto and comprising flow-restricting outlet orifices for connection to a suction means.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种被设计成吸收辐射并将辐射的能量传递到传热介质的吸收器。为了提供高效率的吸收体，根据本发明的吸收器包括多个彼此附接的吸收器部件（32），并且具有形成在其中的通道（42），用于吸收辐射并吸入热传输介质。每个吸收器部件（32）设置有专用混合室（44），该专用混合室具有所述吸收器部件（32）的通道（42）进入其中并且包括用于连接到抽吸装置的流动限制出口孔口。

46. 发明授权

US5460163A Trough-shaped collector 失效
标题翻译：槽形收集器
公开(公告)号：US5460163A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-24
申请号：US307909
申请日：1994-09-16
申请人： Olaf Goebel
发明人： Olaf Goebel
IPC分类号： F22B1/00 , F24S10/95 , F24S20/20 , F24S23/74 , F24J2/32
CPC分类号： F24J2/32 , F22B1/006 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/14 , F24J2002/261 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/45 , Y02E10/46
摘要： A trough-shaped collector for solar radiation for steam generation. A trough-shaped mirror extending in a longitudinal direction receives and reflects radiation onto an absorber line enclosing within its interior a steam generator tube in which water is heated, vaporized and superheated. Heat is transferred transversely from the absorber line to the steam generator tube by heat pipe segments spaced longitudinally along the absorber line.
摘要翻译：用于蒸汽发生的太阳辐射的槽形收集器。沿纵向方向延伸的槽形反射镜将辐射接收并反射到包围其内部的吸收器管线上，其中水被加热，蒸发和过热。通过沿吸收管线纵向间隔的热管段，热量从吸收管线横向传递到蒸汽发生器管。

47. 发明授权

US5459996A Hybrid solar rocket utilizing thermal storage for propulsion and electrical power 失效
标题翻译：混合太阳能火箭利用热存储推进和电力
公开(公告)号：US5459996A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-24
申请号：US297678
申请日：1994-08-29
申请人： John D. Malloy, III , Richard F. Rochow , James B. Inman
发明人： John D. Malloy, III , Richard F. Rochow , James B. Inman
IPC分类号： B64G1/40 , B64G1/44 , F02K99/00 , F24S20/20 , F24S23/70 , F02G1/00
CPC分类号： F24J2/34 , B64G1/409 , B64G1/446 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/10 , F24J2/51 , B64G1/401 , F02G2254/30 , F24J2002/4605 , Y02E10/41
摘要： A solar rocket for propelling and powering the electronics of a spacecraft includes a black body cavity of thermal storage material. Propulsion tubes and a connected nozzle axially extend through the black body cavity for burning propellant in order to provide thrust for the rocket. An insulation sleeve is removably located at the outer periphery of the cavity of thermal storage material. Energy conversion diodes surround the insulation sleeve. The thermal storage material, the insulation sleeve and the energy conversion diodes form a receiver. The receiver has a pair of spaced apart holes therethrough which lead into an interior space of the black body cavity in order to receive sunlight. A mirror assembly is located near each hole of the receiver for harnessing sunlight and providing radiant energy through the holes into the internal space of the black body cavity.
摘要翻译：用于推进和驱动航天器电子装置的太阳能火箭包括一个黑体腔的蓄热材料。推进管和连接的喷嘴轴向延伸穿过黑体腔，用于燃烧推进剂，以便为火箭提供推力。绝热套可拆卸地位于蓄热材料空腔的外周。能量转换二极管围绕绝缘套管。蓄热材料，绝缘套管和能量转换二极管形成接收器。接收器具有穿过其中的一对间隔开的孔，其通向黑色体腔的内部空间以接收阳光。镜组件位于接收器的每个孔附近，用于利用阳光并通过孔向黑体腔的内部空间提供辐射能。

48. 发明授权

US5421322A Central solar receiver 失效
标题翻译：中央太阳能接收器
公开(公告)号：US5421322A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US183347
申请日：1994-01-19
申请人： Jacob Karni , Avi Kribus
发明人： Jacob Karni , Avi Kribus
IPC分类号： B01J19/12 , F24S20/20 , F24J2/00
CPC分类号： B01J19/122 , F24J2/07 , Y02E10/41
摘要： A central solar receiver comprising a housing with a frusto-conical window for the admission of incident concentrated solar radiation, a volumetric solar absorber within the housing surrounding the window, means for the injection of working fluid into contact with the volumetric solar absorber and means for the withdrawal of heated working fluid. The frusto-conical window makes the receiver suitable for operation at elevated pressure.
摘要翻译：一种中央太阳能接收器，包括具有截头圆锥形窗口以容纳入射的集中太阳辐射的壳体，围绕窗户的壳体内的体积太阳能吸收器，用于将工作流体注入与体积太阳能吸收器接触的装置，取出加热的工作液。截头圆锥形窗口使得接收器适合在高压下操作。

49. 发明授权

US5177977A Solar energy collector and reradiation apparatus for localized climate control 失效
标题翻译：用于局部气候控制的太阳能收集器和再辐射装置
公开(公告)号：US5177977A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-12
申请号：US758467
申请日：1991-09-06
申请人： Theodore E. Larsen
发明人： Theodore E. Larsen
IPC分类号： F24S20/20 , F24S23/70 , F24S90/00 , F25B27/00
CPC分类号： F24J2/42 , F24J2/07 , F24J2/1057 , F25B27/005 , Y02E10/41 , Y02P80/24
摘要： A solar energy collector and reradiation apparatus and method for use in energy production and localized climate control includes structure for storing energy; structure for concentrating solar radiation into a collection domain and structure for transferring energy from the collection domain to the storing structure. The apparatus also includes structure for radiating energy skywardly; structure for transmitting energy from the storing structure to the radiating structure; and optionally structure for extracting energy from the environment; structure for utilizing energy extracted from the storing means to elevate the temperature of the fluid carrying energy extracted from the environment, whereby environmental heat may be reradiated into space at a higher rate and at wavelengths less likely to be absorbed by the atmosphere than would naturally occur, thus permitting localized cooling and climate control. The invention provides a built-in economic incentive to potential developers, because it encompasses proven technology for the collection of solar energy and is thus capable of doubling as a solar energy source for commercial, residential and industrial applications. The invention has particular utility for solving the global warming that is presently occurring due to such gases as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, both locally and on a global scale.
摘要翻译：太阳能收集器和用于能量生产和局部气候控制的再辐射装置和方法包括用于存储能量的结构; 将太阳辐射集中到收集区域的结构和用于将能量从收集区域转移到存储结构的结构。该装置还包括天空辐射能量的结构; 用于将能量从存储结构传输到辐射结构的结构; 并且可选地用于从环境中提取能量的结构; 用于利用从存储装置提取的能量的结构来提高从环境提取的携带能量的流体的温度，由此环境热可以以比自然发生的更高的速率和不太可能被大气吸收的波长再次辐射到空间中，从而允许局部冷却和气候控制。本发明为潜在的开发商提供了内在的经济激励，因为它包含用于收集太阳能的经过验证的技术，因此可以作为商业，住宅和工业应用的太阳能源倍增。本发明特别适用于解决目前由于大气中的二氧化碳等气体而局部地和全球化地发生的全球变暖。

50. 发明授权

US5074283A Thermal storage module for solar dynamic receivers 失效
标题翻译：太阳能动力接收器热存储模块
公开(公告)号：US5074283A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-24
申请号：US565525
申请日：1990-08-10
申请人： Ronald L. Beatty , Robert J. Lauf
发明人： Ronald L. Beatty , Robert J. Lauf
IPC分类号： C09K5/06 , F24S20/20 , F28D20/02
CPC分类号： F28D20/02 , B64G1/50 , C09K5/06 , F24J2/07 , F28D2020/0021 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E60/145 , Y02E70/30 , Y10S126/908
摘要： A thermal energy storage system comprising a germanium phase change material and a graphite container.
摘要翻译：一种包含锗相变材料和石墨容器的热能储存系统。

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