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    • 64. 发明授权
    • Electrorheological fluids
    • 电流变液
    • US4992192A
    • 1991-02-12
    • US341451
    • 1989-04-21
    • Syed M. Ahmed
    • Syed M. Ahmed
    • C08J3/02C08F2/04C08F2/06C08F2/08C08F2/44C08F20/06C08F20/10C08F20/12C08F220/04C08F257/02C08F265/04C08F265/06C08F291/00C10M159/12C10M171/00C10N20/06C10N40/14
    • C08F257/02C08F265/04C08F265/06C08F291/00C10M171/001
    • Disclosed are electrorheological (ER) fluids which display improved stability against sedimentation, reduced current density and good ER responses. Thes=e ER fluids are prepared from monomers which are polymerized by dispersion polymerization in a low conductivity medium which also serves as the dispersion medium for the fluid. The ER fluids are further processed by modifying the polymer particles through polymerization of a hydrophilic monomer to form a hydrophilic shell or globule around the particles followed by neutralization through addition of an organic soluble base. The resulting dispersion is then doped with water to obtain a stable ER fluid. The hydrophilic shell or globule constitutes about 15% of the particle. Water dopant is only absorbed by the hydrophilic portion of the particle and does not enter into the core of the particle. The quantity of water is significantly reduced, which in turn results in a significant reduction of the current density at any given comparative voltage.
    • 公开了电流变(ER)流体,其显示出改善的沉降稳定性,降低的电流密度和良好的ER响应。 该ε= e ER流体由也用作流体分散介质的低电导率介质中的分散聚合聚合的单体制备。 通过亲水性单体的聚合改性聚合物颗粒来进一步处理ER流体,以在颗粒周围形成亲水性壳或球,然后通过加入有机可溶碱进行中和。 然后将所得分散体用水掺杂以获得稳定的ER流体。 亲水壳或球形构成颗粒的约15%。 水掺杂剂仅被颗粒的亲水部分吸收并且不会进入颗粒的核心。 水的量显着减少,这又导致在任何给定的比较电压下电流密度的显着降低。
    • 69. 发明授权
    • Sliding and bearing material having superior wear resisting property
    • 滑动轴承材料具有优异的耐磨性能
    • US4655944A
    • 1987-04-07
    • US790760
    • 1985-10-23
    • Sanae Mori
    • Sanae Mori
    • F16C33/24B22F3/26C08J5/16C08L1/00C08L23/00C08L27/00C08L27/12C08L27/18C08L101/00C10M111/04C10N10/04C10N10/06C10N10/08C10N10/10C10N20/06C10N40/02C10N50/08C22C29/02F16C33/04F16C33/12F16C33/20C10M147/02C10M147/04
    • F16C33/201C08L27/12F16C33/04C08L2205/02C08L27/18Y10T428/12007
    • A sliding and bearing material having a superior wear resisting property, consisting of: a backing metal; an intermediate layer joined to the backing metal; a porous metallic layer joined to the intermediate layer; and a substance with which the porous layer is impregnated and/or coated, the substance being one of the following mixtures (A), (B) and (C):(A) a first mixture consisting essentially of 0.1 to 50 vol % of at least one composition selected from a group consisting of ETFE, PVDF, PCTFE and EPE, and the balance substantially PTFE(B) a second mixture consisting essentially of 0.1 to 50 vol % in total of at least two compositions selected from a group consisting of FEP, PFA, ETFE, PVDF, PCTFE and EPE, and the balance substantially PTFE(C) a third mixture consisting essentially of 0.1 to 50 vol % of at least one composition selected from a group consisting of FEP, PFA, ETFE, PVDF, PCTFE and EPE; 0.1 to 35 vol % of at least one composition selected from a group consisting of solid lubricants such as a low-melting point metallic lubricant such as Pb, Sn or their alloys, metal oxides, metal sulfides, metal fluorides, graphite or the like, fibrous materials such as carbon fibers, and ceramics such as SiC; and the balance substantially PTFE, the total of contents of consituents other than PTFE being in the range between 0.2 and 70 vol %.
    • 具有优异的耐磨性能的滑动轴承材料由背衬金属构成; 连接到背衬金属的中间层; 连接到中间层的多孔金属层; (A),(B)和(C)的混合物之一:(A)第一混合物,其主要含有0.1-50体积%的 至少一种选自ETFE,PVDF,PCTFE和EPE的组合物,余量基本上为PTFE(B),第二混合物基本上由0.1至50vol%的总共至少两种组合物组成,所述组合物选自 FEP,PFA,ETFE,PVDF,PCTFE和EPE,余量基本上为PTFE(C),第三混合物基本上由0.1至50vol%的至少一种选自FEP,PFA,ETFE,PVDF, PCTFE和EPE; 至少一种选自固体润滑剂如Pb,Sn或它们的合金的低熔点金属润滑剂,金属氧化物,金属硫化物,金属氟化物,石墨等组成的组中的至少一种组合物为0.1-35体积% 诸如碳纤维的纤维材料和诸如SiC的陶瓷; 余量基本上为PTFE,PTFE以外的成分的总量在0.2〜70体积%的范围内。