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1. 发明授权

US08705394B2 BGP slow peer detection 有权
标题翻译： BGP慢对等体检测
公开(公告)号：US08705394B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-22
申请号：US13100181
申请日：2011-05-03
申请人： Balaji Pitta Venkatachalapathy , Isidor Kouvelas , Keyur P. Patel , Anantha Ramaiah
发明人： Balaji Pitta Venkatachalapathy , Isidor Kouvelas , Keyur P. Patel , Anantha Ramaiah
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L41/12 , H04L41/0893 , H04L43/00 , H04L43/0852 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/023 , H04L45/04
摘要： In one embodiment, a router selects a particular peer from an original update group used with an Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) such as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). The original update group includes a plurality of peers of the router that share a same outbound policy and that receive common update messages, from the router, of routing table information. The router determines that the particular peer is a potential slow peer based on a first type of indicia, wherein a slow peer is a peer that cannot keep up with a rate at which the router generates update messages over a prolonged period of time. The router confirms that one or more second types of indicia are consistent with the particular peer being a slow peer. In response to the confirmation, the router determines that the particular peer is a slow peer.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，路由器从与诸如边界网关协议（BGP）的外部网关协议（EGP）一起使用的原始更新组中选择特定对等体。原始更新组包括共享相同出站策略并且从路由器接收路由表信息的公共更新消息的路由器的多个对等体。路由器基于第一类型的标记确定特定对等体是潜在的慢对等体，其中慢对等体是不能跟上路由器在较长时间段内生成更新消息的速率的对等体。路由器确认一个或多个第二类型的标记与特定的对等体是慢对等体一致。响应于确认，路由器确定特定对等体是慢对等体。

2. 发明授权

US07801135B2 Transport protocol connection synchronization 有权
标题翻译：传输协议连接同步
公开(公告)号：US07801135B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-21
申请号：US11134686
申请日：2005-05-19
申请人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah
发明人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L69/16 , H04L45/121 , H04L69/14 , H04L69/161 , H04L69/163 , H04L69/326
摘要： A system and method supporting synchronization of replicated transport layer connections in a redundant processor telecommunications network element. One method involves receiving, at a network element comprising an active transport protocol process coupled to a standby transport protocol process, information identifying a newly created transport layer connection maintained at the active transport protocol process; assigning a unique connection identifier to the transport layer connection; sending the unique connection identifier, in association with other, protocol-specific connection identifying information, to the standby protocol process; and sending, to the standby transport protocol process, one or more messages comprising one or more properties or statistics associated with the transport layer connection, wherein the messages identify the transport layer connection using the unique connection identifier.
摘要翻译：支持冗余处理器电信网络元件中复制传输层连接同步的系统和方法。一种方法包括在包括与备用传输协议过程相关联的活动传输协议进程的网络元件处接收标识在活动传输协议过程中维护的新创建的传输层连接的信息; 向传输层连接分配唯一的连接标识符; 将与所述协议特定连接识别信息相关联的唯一连接标识符发送到所述备用协议进程; 以及向所述备用传输协议进程发送包括与所述传输层连接相关联的一个或多个属性或统计信息的一个或多个消息，其中所述消息使用所述唯一连接标识符标识所述传输层连接。

3. 发明授权

US07650635B2 Method and apparatus for preventing network attacks by authenticating internet control message protocol packets 有权
标题翻译：通过认证互联网控制消息协议包来防止网络攻击的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07650635B2
公开(公告)日：2010-01-19
申请号：US10820980
申请日：2004-04-07
申请人： Amol Khare , Mitesh Dalal , Anantha Ramaiah , Sharad Ahlawat
发明人： Amol Khare , Mitesh Dalal , Anantha Ramaiah , Sharad Ahlawat
IPC分类号： G06F9/00 , G06F15/16 , G06F17/00 , G06F12/00 , G06F12/14 , G06F13/00 , G06F12/16 , G11C11/00 , G08B23/00 , G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L63/12 , H04L63/1458 , H04L63/1466
摘要： A method of preventing an attack on a network, the method comprising the computer-implemented steps of receiving an ICMP packet that includes a copy of a header associated with a connection in a connection-oriented transport protocol; obtaining a packet sequence value from the header; determining if the packet sequence value is valid; and updating a parameter value associated with the transport protocol connection only if the packet sequence value is determined to be valid. Use of the disclosed method enables authenticating ICMP packets so that responsive measures of a network element, such as adjusting an MTU value, are performed only when the ICMP packet is determined to be authentic.
摘要翻译：一种防止对网络的攻击的方法，所述方法包括计算机实现的步骤，用于接收包括与面向连接的传输协议中的连接相关联的报头的副本的ICMP分组; 从头部获取分组序列值; 确定分组序列值是否有效; 以及仅当所述分组序列值被确定为有效时，才更新与所述传输协议连接相关联的参数值。使用所公开的方法使得能够认证ICMP分组，使得仅当确定ICMP分组是可信的时候才执行诸如调整MTU值的网元的响应度量。

4. 发明授权

US07623464B2 Rapid protocol failure detection 有权
标题翻译：快速协议故障检测
公开(公告)号：US07623464B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-24
申请号：US10888122
申请日：2004-07-09
申请人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah , Ruchi Kapoor
发明人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah , Ruchi Kapoor
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： H04L41/06 , H04L43/0811 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/28 , H04L67/14 , H04L69/16 , H04L69/163 , H04L69/40
摘要： A method is disclosed for rapidly detecting a protocol failure. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving an indication that a first process has failed. The first process having been engaged in communications over one or more network connections with a second process. A packet is formed, such that the packet appears to have been formed by the first process. The packet includes one or more data values, which, when received and processed by the second process, will cause the second process to close the network connection. The packet is sent to the second process. When the second process receives the packet, the second process to closes the network connection.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于快速检测协议故障的方法。在一个实施例中，该方法包括接收第一进程失败的指示。第一进程已经通过一个或多个网络连接进行了第二进程的通信。形成分组，使得分组似乎是由第一进程形成的。该分组包括一个或多个数据值，当由第二进程接收和处理时将使第二进程关闭网络连接。数据包被发送到第二个进程。当第二个进程收到数据包时，第二个进程关闭网络连接。

5. 发明申请

US20070206587A1 Faster routing protocol convergence using efficient message markup 有权
标题翻译：使用有效的消息标记更快地路由协议收敛
公开(公告)号：US20070206587A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-06
申请号：US11369262
申请日：2006-03-06
申请人： Anantha Ramaiah , Keyur Patel , David Ward , Robert Raszuk
发明人： Anantha Ramaiah , Keyur Patel , David Ward , Robert Raszuk
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/04 , H04L45/02
摘要： Devices executing routing protocols can mark routing protocol messages as urgent so that peer devices are signaled to consume the messages on an expedited basis. Performance of routing protocols improves as a result; for example, Border Gateway Protocol convergence time is reduced. An example router comprises a network interface, a processor, a transport layer protocol module that implements a transport layer network protocol, a routing protocol module that implements a network packet routing protocol and sends peering session messages over transport layer connections, and instructions to perform providing a first routing protocol message to the transport layer protocol module that comprises urgent data at least in part; requesting the transport layer protocol module to mark, as urgent, one or more data segments that carry the first routing protocol message; marking, as urgent, one or more segments that carry the first routing protocol message; and sending the segments to peer devices over the connections.
摘要翻译：执行路由协议的设备可以将路由协议消息标记为紧急，以便对等设备进行信号通知以快速消费消息。因此，路由协议的性能得到改善; 例如，边界网关协议收敛时间减少。示例路由器包括网络接口，处理器，实现传输层网络协议的传输层协议模块，实现网络分组路由协议并通过传输层连接发送对等会话消息的路由协议模块，以及执行提供的指令至少部分地包括紧急数据的传输层协议模块的第一路由协议消息; 请求传输层协议模块紧急地标记携带第一路由协议消息的一个或多个数据段; 标记为紧急的携带第一路由协议消息的一个或多个段; 并通过连接将段发送到对等设备。

6. 发明申请

US20060268710A1 Detecting change in a transport protocol window size without data transmission 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060268710A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-30
申请号：US11133622
申请日：2005-05-19
申请人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah , Amol Khare
发明人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah , Amol Khare
IPC分类号： H04J1/16
CPC分类号： H04L69/16 , H04L69/163 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99955
摘要： A method detects a change in TCP receive window size while preventing fragmentation of data. A TCP stack receives a segment that advertises a receive window size of zero. If data needs to be sent, and only if so, a timer is started. When the timer expires, a TCP segment that contains a first sequence number value equal to second sequence number representing sent but unacknowledged data minus one, and a segment length value of zero, is sent. Without sending a fragment of data, this triggers a peer TCP process to send an updated window size. A TCP ACK segment is received and contains an updated receive window size. If the updated receive window size is greater than a specified value, then the data is sent. Otherwise, a counter is incremented, and the steps are re-performed if the counter is less than a specified value.

7. 发明申请

US20060262716A1 High availability transport protocol method and apparatus 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060262716A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-23
申请号：US11134678
申请日：2005-05-19
申请人： Anantha Ramaiah , Chandrashekhar Appanna , Amol Khare
发明人： Anantha Ramaiah , Chandrashekhar Appanna , Amol Khare
IPC分类号： H04J1/16 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L41/0668 , H04L69/16 , H04L69/40
摘要： A system and method supporting efficient, scalable stateful switchover of transport layer connections in a telecommunications network element. One method involves receiving, at a network element comprising an active transport protocol process coupled to a standby protocol process, a request to configure a first transport layer connection maintained at the active transport protocol process for stateful switchover; receiving an event associated with the first transport layer connection; creating a message containing replicated event information based on the received event; sending the message to the standby transport protocol process; and processing the message at the standby transport protocol process, wherein the standby transport protocol process replicates state information for the first connection.

8. 发明申请

US20060159011A1 Detecting unavailable network connections 有权
标题翻译：检测不可用的网络连接
公开(公告)号：US20060159011A1
公开(公告)日：2006-07-20
申请号：US11036191
申请日：2005-01-14
申请人： Mitesh Dalal , Anantha Ramaiah , Ruchi Kapoor , Chandrashekhar Appanna
发明人： Mitesh Dalal , Anantha Ramaiah , Ruchi Kapoor , Chandrashekhar Appanna
IPC分类号： H04J3/14 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L67/1048 , H04J3/14 , H04L1/187 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/586 , H04L67/104 , H04L67/1095 , H04L67/14 , H04L69/14 , H04L69/16 , H04L69/40
摘要： A method for detecting unavailable network connections comprises, at a first data processing node that is hosting a transport protocol connection that uses a plurality of sequence values to identify messages sent to a peer node, wherein the first node is communicatively coupled to a second data processing node serving as a redundant backup, periodically sending a checkpoint sequence value to the second node; detecting that either the transport protocol connection or a process using the transport protocol connection is unavailable, without use of a timeout; and in response thereto, sending a notification to the peer node, wherein the notification includes the checkpoint sequence value. One embodiment provides for rapidly detecting and responding to failure of a TCP process without using long timeouts as conventionally provided in long-lived applications that run on top of TCP.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测不可用网络连接的方法包括：在承载使用多个序列值以识别发送到对等节点的消息的传输协议连接的第一数据处理节点处，其中所述第一节点通信地耦合到第二数据处理节点用作冗余备份，周期性地向第二节点发送检查点序列值; 检测传输协议连接或使用传输协议连接的进程不可用，而不使用超时; 并且响应于此，向所述对等节点发送通知，其中所述通知包括所述检查点序列值。一个实施例提供了快速检测和响应TCP过程的故障，而不需要在TCP上运行的长寿命应用程序中常规提供的长时间超时。

9. 发明申请

US20060062142A1 Cooperative TCP / BGP window management for stateful switchover 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060062142A1
公开(公告)日：2006-03-23
申请号：US10948732
申请日：2004-09-22
申请人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah , Lester Bird
发明人： Chandrashekhar Appanna , Anantha Ramaiah , Lester Bird
IPC分类号： H04L1/00
CPC分类号： H04L47/27 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/586 , H04L69/40
摘要： A system and method for performing stateful switchover with reduced data, such as only metadata about a TCP window state. The metadata comprises a size of TCP packets used to send BGP messages, and which of those have been acknowledged by a neighbor networking device. The networking device comprises a BGP module to establish a BGP session between the networking device and a neighbor networking device. An active transport module within the networking device synchronizes with a standby transport module within the networking device by sending the metadata. A fault detector within the networking device initiates a stateful switchover from the active transport module to the standby transport module responsive to detecting a failure of a process and/or processor. The standby transport module uses the metadata to determine stateful metadata for preserving current BGP and TCP sessions of the networking device with dummy TCP packets having the same size ad sent TCP packets and containing safe BGP message data.

10. 发明申请

US20130282884A1 ENABLING APPLICATIONS IN A MULTI-TRANSPORT STACK ENVIRONMENT 有权
标题翻译：在多个运输堆栈环境中实现应用
公开(公告)号：US20130282884A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-24
申请号：US13450744
申请日：2012-04-19
申请人： Balachander Chandrasekaran , Anantha Ramaiah , Manoj Kumar Pandey , Siva Yaragalla
发明人： Balachander Chandrasekaran , Anantha Ramaiah , Manoj Kumar Pandey , Siva Yaragalla
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L49/70 , H04L45/38 , H04L61/103
摘要： In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first transport stack, a virtual network interface controller (VNIC), and a second transport stack. The first transport stack is associated with an Internetwork Operating System (IOS), as well as with a plurality of interface-based Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and a plurality of IP addresses. The VNIC is configured to dynamically provision the plurality of interface-based IP addresses and the plurality of IP addresses. The second transport stack is associated with a kernel, and configured to communicate with a first application. The MS is configured to enable the first application to share the plurality of IP addresses and the plurality if IP addresses with a plurality of applications.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，装置包括第一传输堆栈，虚拟网络接口控制器（VNIC）和第二传输栈。第一传输堆栈与互联网操作系统（IOS）以及多个基于接口的因特网协议（IP）地址和多个IP地址相关联。 VNIC被配置为动态地配置多个基于接口的IP地址和多个IP地址。第二个传输堆栈与内核相关联，并配置为与第一个应用程序进行通信。 MS被配置为使得第一应用能够与多个应用共享多个IP地址和多个IP地址。

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