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1. 发明申请

US20080204083A1 Voltage Comparator 有权
标题翻译：电压比较器
公开(公告)号：US20080204083A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-28
申请号：US11667405
申请日：2005-11-09
申请人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
发明人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
IPC分类号： H03K5/24
CPC分类号： H03K5/2481
摘要： Output currents from differentially connected transistors (t1, t2) in a voltage comparator are subtracted from each other and the current difference is converted into voltage, which is amplified and conducted to a gate terminal (gtst) of a switching transistor (t7) at the input of an output stage. A source of a limiting transistor (t8′), whose gate is connected to a terminal (vsn) of the low supply voltage through two series-connected and diode-connected transistors (t8″, t8′″) is connected to the gate terminal (gtst). The voltage at the gate terminal (gtst) when the switching transistor (t7) is quiescent is equal to a value between eight and nine tenths of the switching voltage Vsw at the gate of said transistor, at which voltage said transistor triggers a switching in the output stage. Said transistors are of the same type with a similar geometry and they operate in similar current conditions.The voltage comparator of the invention achieves a fast response to an input voltage change at one direction of the sign reversal of the difference of the input voltages. It is robust and reliable with regard to temperature variations and any change in the technological layout.
摘要翻译：将电压比较器中差分连接的晶体管（t 1，t 2）的输出电流相互减去，并将电流差转换为电压，该电压被放大并传导到开关晶体管的栅极端子（gtst））在输出级的输入端。通过两个串联和二极管连接的晶体管（t 8“，t 8”“），其栅极连接到低电源电压的端子（vsn）的限制晶体管（t 8'）的源极是连接到门终端（gtst）。当开关晶体管（t 7）静止时，栅极端子处的电压（gtst）等于所述晶体管的栅极处的开关电压Vsw的八到九分之一的值，输出阶段。所述晶体管具有相似的几何形状的类型，并且它们在类似的电流条件下工作。本发明的电压比较器实现对输入电压差的符号反转的一个方向上的输入电压变化的快速响应。对于温度变化和技术布局的任何变化，它是可靠和可靠的。

2. 发明授权

US06819169B1 Isolation interface with capacitive barrier and method for transmitting a signal by means of such isolation interface 有权
标题翻译：具有电容性屏障的隔离接口和通过这种隔离接口发送信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US06819169B1
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10626862
申请日：2003-07-25
申请人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
发明人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
IPC分类号： G06G712
CPC分类号： H04L25/0266 , H04L25/085 , H04L25/4902
摘要： A transmission of a signal through an isolation interface with a capacitive barrier is performed so that in an input circuit of the interface by integrating with an appropriate time constant the slope rates of the edges of signal replicas U1o± of the transmitted input signal Ui are adjusted and that the said signal replicas are differentiated either in an appropriate differentiating unit, whereat the time constants of these differentiating units are shorter than the rising and falling-off times of the signal replicas and are advantageously in the order of magnitude of 1 nanosecond or below. Therefore, in a circuit on the output side of the capacitive barrier no amplifier in front of voltage comparators is needed, which makes it possible that the pulse width is maintained extremely precisely. The data transmission is immune from the fast variation in the order of magnitude of 10 kV/&mgr;s of the potential difference between the voltage supplying sources for the input and the output circuits. By the invention a digital data transmission up to the frequency of 100 MHz is rendered possible.
摘要翻译：执行通过具有电容性屏障的隔离接口的信号的传输，使得在接口的输入电路中通过与适当的时间常数进行积分，调整发射的输入信号Ui的信号副本U1o±的边沿的斜率并且所述信号副本在适当的微分单元中被区分，其中这些微分单元的时间常数比信号副本的上升和下降时间短，并且有利地在1纳秒或更低的量级。因此，在电容性屏障的输出侧的电路中，不需要在电压比较器前面的放大器，这使得脉冲宽度可以保持非常精确。数据传输免受输入和输出电路的电压源之间的电位差10千伏/立方米的快速变化。通过本发明，可以实现高达100MHz频率的数字数据传输。

3. 发明授权

US08867989B2 Method for reducing a noise in a signal received in a contactless-card interrogator and a circuit to perform said method 有权
标题翻译：用于降低在非接触式卡片询问器中接收的信号中的噪声的方法和执行所述方法的电路
公开(公告)号：US08867989B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-21
申请号：US12736504
申请日：2008-04-15
申请人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec , Maja Atanasijevic-Kunc , Anton Stern
发明人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec , Maja Atanasijevic-Kunc , Anton Stern
IPC分类号： H04B5/00 , G06K7/00
CPC分类号： G06K7/0008
摘要： A calibrating output signal of the transmitter is generated in an interrogator in that a first output signal of a local oscillator is shallowly amplitude-modulated with a pilot signal having a frequency at which a contactless-card encodes data. A receiver reference signal is generated by combining the calibrating output signal of the transmitter and a signal whose carrier signal has a frequency equaling the frequency of the local oscillator signals, conducting the combined signal through a band-pass filter and amplifying it. A first and a second receiver output signals are cleared by subtracting the receiver reference signal, which has been attenuated by a calibrated factor and has a calibrated polarity, from the first and the second receiver output signal, respectively. The attenuation factor and the polarity of the receiver reference signal are sporadically calibrated for each of both receiver output signals by determining and setting the attenuation factor and the polarity of the receiver reference signal as a pair of values for each of both receiver output signals, at which pair of values the first and the second cleared receiver output signals have the lowest amplitude. The signal-to-noise ratio for the interrogator receiver output signal is improved, because this signal no longer contains an amplitude noise of the interrogator transmitter.
摘要翻译：在询问器中产生发送器的校准输出信号，因为本地振荡器的第一输出信号用具有无线卡编码数据的频率的导频信号进行了浅幅度调制。通过组合发射机的校准输出信号和载波信号具有等于本地振荡器信号频率的频率的信号，通过带通滤波器进行组合信号并对其进行放大来生成接收机参考信号。通过从第一和第二接收机输出信号中分别减去已被校准因子衰减并具有校准极性的接收机参考信号来清除第一和第二接收机输出信号。通过将接收机参考信号的衰减因子和极性作为两个接收机输出信号中的每一个的一对值确定和设置，两个接收机输出信号中的每一个对接收机参考信号的衰减因子和极性进行偶尔校准，第一和第二清除的接收机输出信号的值对是最低的。由于该信号不再包含询问器发送器的幅度噪声，所以询问器接收器输出信号的信噪比得到改善。

4. 发明授权

US08315585B2 Method and circuit for a fast reduction in voltage of a DC component and low-frequency components at a mixing circuit output in a receiver of a UHF transceiver 有权
标题翻译：用于在UHF收发器的接收机中输出的混合电路中的直流分量和低频分量的电压的快速降低的方法和电路
公开(公告)号：US08315585B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-20
申请号：US12735721
申请日：2009-02-13
申请人： Vinko Kunc , Anton Stern , Andrej Vodopivec , Maja Atanasijevic-Kunc
发明人： Vinko Kunc , Anton Stern , Andrej Vodopivec , Maja Atanasijevic-Kunc
IPC分类号： H04B1/26
CPC分类号： H04B1/30
摘要： A difference between an output current signal (mos) of the mixing circuit (MC) and a current from a controlled current source (CCS) is conducted to an input of an operational amplifier (A). A control voltage (cv) for said current source is a voltage at the output of the operational amplifier (A) being filtered by a low-pass filter, whose limiting frequency equals a low frequency limit of the modulation signal in the received signal (rs). The method is speeded up in that the limiting frequency of the low-pass filter is increased by two to three orders of magnitude at the beginning and is gradually lowered to said value. A rather short time duration of the transient process is achieved so that the working point with a low voltage of the DC component and low-frequency components is set at least five times faster than so far.
摘要翻译：混合电路（MC）的输出电流信号（mos）和来自受控电流源（CCS）的电流之间的差异被传导到运算放大器（A）的输入端。所述电流源的控制电压（cv）是由低通滤波器滤波的运算放大器（A）的输出端的电压，其限制频率等于接收信号中的调制信号的低频极限（rs ）。该方法被加速，因为低通滤波器的限制频率在开始时增加了两到三个数量级，并且逐渐降低到所述值。实现瞬时过程的相当短的持续时间，使得具有低电压的DC分量和低频分量的工作点被设置为比迄今为止至少五倍。

5. 发明申请

US20120044055A1 METHOD FOR A SECURE NON-VOLATILE LOGGING IN AN ACTIVE RFID TAG OF A PROCESS IN A TAGGED ARTICLE 有权
标题翻译：用于在标签文章中的过程的有源RFID标签中的安全非易失性记录的方法
公开(公告)号：US20120044055A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-23
申请号：US13138108
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Kosta Kovacic , Anton Pletersek , Andrej Vodopivec , William Peyton Roberts , Oluf Alminde
发明人： Kosta Kovacic , Anton Pletersek , Andrej Vodopivec , William Peyton Roberts , Oluf Alminde
IPC分类号： G06K7/01
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723 , G06K19/0717
摘要： Prior to logging of a process flags for locking at all addresses of a logging area of a tag are set to state 1 by means of an interrogator. A high limit (h) and a low limit (l) of an interval (l-h) of such values (v) of a physical parameter are determined, which are proper for preserving usability of a tagged article. Said values (v) acquired with a sensor and acquisition times related thereto are converted into less numerous data characterizing the process by observing said limits (h, l). Said data characterizing the process are logged in said logging area. Said process log cannot be modified in any way at a later stage. The invention also provides for an efficient observation of longer period of the process in the tagged article in order to inspect the usability thereof.
摘要翻译：在记录用于在标签的记录区域的所有地址处锁定的过程标志之前，通过询问器将其设置为状态1。确定物理参数的这些值（v）的间隔（l-h）的上限（h）和下限（l），这适合于保持标签制品的可用性。用传感器获得的所述值（v）和与之相关的获取时间通过观察所述极限（h，l）而被转换成表征该过程的较少数量的数据。表示该过程的所述数据记录在所述记录区域中。所述进程日志在后期无法以任何方式进行修改。本发明还提供了有效观察标签制品中较长时间的过程以检查其可用性。

6. 发明申请

US20110254750A1 METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING RADIO WAVES WITH A SINGLE OSCILLATORY CIRCUIT ANTENNA 有权
标题翻译：用单波振荡天线发射和接收无线电波的方法和电路
公开(公告)号：US20110254750A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-20
申请号：US12998545
申请日：2009-10-30
申请人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
发明人： Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
IPC分类号： H01Q1/50
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723 , G06K19/0701
摘要： Output terminals (o1, o2) of a differentially excited transmitting circuit (TC) are connected through matching capacitors (MC1, MC2) to connecting terminals of the oscillatory circuit antenna (OCA) on the other side said connection terminals are directly connected to input terminals of a receiving circuit (RC). Each of the input terminals (i1, i2) of the receiving circuit (RC) is connected to an earthing terminal (m) of the integrated transceiver circuit (TRC) through a corresponding undervoltage-protection diode (UPD1, UPD2) determining a lower potential value of a received signal and a corresponding overvoltage-protection diode (OPD1, OPD2) determining an allowed upper potential value of the received signal exceeding said lower potential value by the highest possible voltage still allowable by the integrated transceiver circuit (TRC). The highest allowable voltage amplitude of the received signals supplied to the input of the receiving circuit (RC) practically equals the highest possible voltage, which is still allowed by the integrated receiver circuit, thus exceeds energization voltage.
摘要翻译：差分励磁发送电路（TC）的输出端子（o1，o2）通过匹配电容器（MC1，MC2）连接到振荡电路天线（OCA）的连接端子，另一侧所述连接端子直接连接到输入端子的接收电路（RC）。接收电路（RC）的每个输入端子（i1，i2）通过相应的欠压保护二极管（UPD1，UPD2）连接到集成收发电路（TRC）的接地端子（m）接收信号的值和相应的过电压保护二极管（OPD1，OPD2）通过集成收发器电路（TRC）仍然允许的最高可能电压来确定超过所述较低电位值的接收信号的允许上限电位值。提供给接收电路（RC）的输入端的接收信号的最大允许电压幅度实际上等于集成接收器电路仍允许的最高可能电压，因此超过了通电电压。

7. 发明申请

US20110241842A1 METHOD FOR A BATTERY AND PASSIVE POWER SUPPLY TO AN RFID TAG AND A SWITCHING CIRCUIT FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD 有权
标题翻译：电池和被动电源到RFID标签的方法和用于执行方法的切换电路
公开(公告)号：US20110241842A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-06
申请号：US13139552
申请日：2009-12-16
申请人： Kosta Kovacic , Anton Pletersek , Andrej Vodopivec
发明人： Kosta Kovacic , Anton Pletersek , Andrej Vodopivec
IPC分类号： H04Q5/22
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723 , G06K19/0702 , G06K19/0707 , G06K19/0712 , G06K19/0717
摘要： A controlled switching circuit (csc) comprises two controlled switches (cs1, cs2) fabricated with PINTOS transistors and connected between its output terminal as well as a battery (b) or a rectifier rectifying voltage induced in an antenna. Conditions of the battery voltage and the rectified voltage with a time delay are checked. Only when the battery voltage gets unacceptable and the value of rectified voltage exceeded a preset value tag circuits are supplied by the rectified voltage induced in an antenna.The invention provides for an automatic selection of a way of supplying an RFID tag in a way that it is stably supplied by a battery as far as still possible, but just according to the invention this is rendered possible for a longer time due to a very low voltage drop across a controlled switching circuit, and that a supply by a radio-frequency radiation field is selected only when the battery gets depleted.
摘要翻译：受控切换电路（csc）包括用PINTOS晶体管制造并连接在其输出端子之间的两个受控开关（cs1，cs2）以及电池（b）或在天线中感应的整流整流电压。检查电池电压的条件和时间延迟的整流电压。只有当电池电压不可接受，并且整流电压的值超过预设值时，通过在天线中感应的整流电压来提供标签电路。本发明提供一种以尽可能的方式自动选择以其由电池稳定供应的方式提供RFID标签的方式，但是根据本发明，这可以由于非常只有当电池耗尽时才选择通过受控开关电路的低压降，并且仅通过射频辐射场供电。

8. 发明授权

US09239981B2 RFID label comprising an interface to external sensors 有权
标题翻译： RFID标签包括与外部传感器的接口
公开(公告)号：US09239981B2
公开(公告)日：2016-01-19
申请号：US13503005
申请日：2010-10-13
申请人： Anton Pletersek , Kosta Kovacic , Andrej Vodopivec
发明人： Anton Pletersek , Kosta Kovacic , Andrej Vodopivec
IPC分类号： H04Q5/22 , G08B1/08 , G08C19/16 , G06K19/07 , G06K19/077 , G01V15/00 , G06K7/00
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723 , G01V15/00 , G06K7/0008 , G06K19/0717 , G06K19/077
摘要： A sensor-front-end processor (SFEP) predrives external sensors during a predominant part of time. In a low-consumption state it waits to receive a command (sc; st) to acquire and condition sensor signals. After receiving the command it drives the sensors, sets its own measuring range, acquires a coarse code (ccc, vcc) of a current and voltage sensor signal, conditions said signal and acquires a signal fine code (ccf, vcf). The command (sc) is generated in adjustable time intervals. The sensor-front-end processor acquires and conditions the signals from the sensors consecutively one after another. The command (st) is generated whenever a request (irq) to interrupt predriving one of the sensors was generated, i.e. whenever a level of the sensor signal or its relative change with respect to the previous measurement drops out from an interval for this sensor. The detected codes are stored in the memory.
摘要翻译：传感器前端处理器（SFEP）在主要部分时间内预先占用外部传感器。在低消耗状态下，它等待接收命令（sc; st）来获取和调节传感器信号。收到命令后，驱动传感器，设置自己的测量范围，获取电流和电压传感器信号的粗略代码（ccc，vcc），对所述信号进行条件并获取信号精密代码（ccf，vcf）。命令（sc）以可调整的时间间隔生成。传感器前端处理器一个接一个地连续地从传感器获取和调节信号。每当产生一个中断传感器之一的请求（irq）时，即每当传感器信号的电平或其相对于先前测量的相对变化从该传感器的间隔中消失时，就产生命令（st）。检测到的代码存储在存储器中。

9. 发明授权

US09202157B2 RFID tag with an improved communication between an external logic element conductively connected thereto and an interrogator as well as a method for such communication 有权
标题翻译：具有与导电连接的外部逻辑元件与询问器之间的改善的通信的RFID标签以及用于这种通信的方法
公开(公告)号：US09202157B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-01
申请号：US13138456
申请日：2010-02-23
申请人： Kosta Kovacic , Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
发明人： Kosta Kovacic , Vinko Kunc , Andrej Vodopivec
IPC分类号： H04Q5/22 , G06K19/07 , G06K19/077
CPC分类号： G06K19/07 , G06K19/077 , G06K19/07741 , G06K19/07769
摘要： A memory access arbiter (MAA) in an RFID tag is connected to an unique address space (UAS), which comprises a non-volatile memory (NVM), a transferred data memory (TDM) and a status-information memory (SIM) storing information on the status of the transferred data memory (TDM). The transferred data memory (TDM) and the status-information memory (SIM) are volatile memories, e.g. of the RAM type having a memory capacity of 16 bits or 32 bits according to the standard of an applied RFID communication. The RFID tag of the invention provides for a faster communication between an interrogator and an external logic element by one order of magnitude, which is due to fast volatile memories for transferred data as well as for corresponding status information. A still higher communication rate is achieved by introducing a command that has not yet been standardized.
摘要翻译： RFID标签中的存储器访问仲裁器（MAA）连接到唯一的地址空间（UAS），其包括非易失性存储器（NVM），传输数据存储器（TDM）和存储的状态信息存储器（SIM）关于传输数据存储器（TDM）的状态的信息。传输的数据存储器（TDM）和状态信息存储器（SIM）是易失性存储器，例如，的RAM类型，具有16位或32位的存储容量，根据所应用的RFID通信的标准。本发明的RFID标签提供了一个询问器和外部逻辑元件之间的一个数量级的更快的通信，这是由于传输数据的快速易失性存储器以及相应的状态信息。通过引入尚未标准化的命令来实现更高的通信速率。

10. 发明申请

US20120206240A1 RFID Label Comprising an Interface to External Sensors 有权
标题翻译： RFID标签包含与外部传感器的接口
公开(公告)号：US20120206240A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-16
申请号：US13503005
申请日：2010-10-13
申请人： Anton Pletersek , Kosta Kovacic , Andrej Vodopivec
发明人： Anton Pletersek , Kosta Kovacic , Andrej Vodopivec
IPC分类号： G06K7/01
CPC分类号： G06K19/0723 , G01V15/00 , G06K7/0008 , G06K19/0717 , G06K19/077
摘要： A sensor-front-end processor (SFEP) predrives external sensors during a predominant part of time. In a low-consumption state it waits to receive a command (sc; st) to acquire and condition sensor signals. After receiving the command it drives the sensors, sets its own measuring range, acquires a coarse code (ccc, vcc) of a current and voltage sensor signal, conditions said signal and acquires a signal fine code (ccf, vcf). The command (sc) is generated in adjustable time intervals. The sensor-front-end processor acquires and conditions the signals from the sensors consecutively one after another. The command (st) is generated whenever a request (irq) to interrupt predriving one of the sensors was generated, i.e. whenever a level of the sensor signal or its relative change with respect to the previous measurement drops out from an interval for this sensor. The detected codes are stored in the memory.
摘要翻译：传感器前端处理器（SFEP）在主要部分时间内预先占用外部传感器。在低消耗状态下，它等待接收命令（sc; st）来获取和调节传感器信号。收到命令后，驱动传感器，设置自己的测量范围，获取电流和电压传感器信号的粗略代码（ccc，vcc），对所述信号进行条件并获取信号精密代码（ccf，vcf）。命令（sc）以可调整的时间间隔生成。传感器前端处理器一个接一个地连续地从传感器获取和调节信号。每当产生一个中断传感器之一的请求（irq）时，即每当传感器信号的电平或其相对于先前测量的相对变化从该传感器的间隔中消失时，就产生命令（st）。检测到的代码存储在存储器中。

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