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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Lock detector for delay or phase locked loops
    • 锁定检测器用于延迟或锁相环
    • US06798858B1
    • 2004-09-28
    • US09497962
    • 2000-02-04
    • Francois Ibrahim AtallahDavid John Seman
    • Francois Ibrahim AtallahDavid John Seman
    • H03D324
    • H03L7/085H03L7/087H03L7/095H03L7/10
    • The present invention discloses a lock indicator circuit used to indicate a phase lock condition between logic signals. The lock indicator circuit uses a phase detector that generates a pulse width proportional to the phase difference between a reference signal and a feedback signal. Another circuit generates, on each positive edge of the reference and the feedback signals, pulses whose widths are primarily dependent on fixed delay elements. These fixed pulse determine a window in which the pulse from the phase detector will fall as the two signals approach phase lock. Phase lock is signaled by the logic AND of the window pulse and the phase detector pulse. Other circuitry generates a phase lock indication signal if the phase lock signal remains true for a number of consecutive transitions of the reference signal. Likewise a phase unlock indication signal is generated if after phase lock indication, phase unlock occurs and remains for a number of consecutive transitions of the reference signal.
    • 本发明公开了一种用于指示逻辑信号之间的锁相状态的锁定指示器电路。 锁定指示器电路使用产生与参考信号和反馈信号之间的相位差成比例的脉冲宽度的相位检测器。 另一个电路在参考的每个正边沿和反馈信号上产生其宽度主要取决于固定延迟元件的脉冲。 这些固定脉冲决定了一个窗口,其中来自相位检测器的脉冲将随着两个信号接近相位锁定而下降。 相位锁定由窗口脉冲和相位检测器脉冲的逻辑“和”发出信号。 如果参考信号的多次连续转换的锁相信号保持为真,则其它电路产生锁相指示信号。 同样地,如果在相位锁定指示,相位解锁发生之后产生相位解锁指示信号,并且在参考信号的多个连续转换中保持相位解锁指示信号。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for measuring the duty cycle of a high speed clocking signal
    • 用于测量高速时钟信号占空比的装置
    • US06441600B1
    • 2002-08-27
    • US09766200
    • 2001-01-19
    • Francois Ibrahim AtallahAnthony Correale, Jr.
    • Francois Ibrahim AtallahAnthony Correale, Jr.
    • G01R1900
    • G01R31/2882
    • A system and method for accurately measuring the duty cycle of an input periodic pulsed signal. The system includes a device for converting the input signal to be measured into a first dc voltage and, a device maintaining representations of potential duty cycle values that are selectable in an iterative fashion. At each iteration, in response to a selected duty cycle value, a second dc voltage is generated that represents the difference between the duty cycle of the input signal to be measured and the duty cycle represented by a current selected encoded duty cycle value. A selection mechanism responds to the first and second dc voltages for selecting a different encoded duty cycle for a successive iteration. The system selects an encoded duty cycle value at each iteration until the first and second dc voltages match. At such time, the current selected encoded duty cycle value represents the duty cycle of the input voltage for output thereof. By representing the input signal's duty cycle as a dc voltage, the system may measure the input signal's duty cycle accurately regardless of its frequency.
    • 一种用于精确测量输入周期性脉冲信号占空比的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于将待测量的输入信号转换为第一直流电压的装置,以及维持以迭代方式选择的潜在占空比值的表示的装置。 在每次迭代中,响应于所选择的占空比值,产生表示要测量的输入信号的占空比与由当前选择的编码占空比值表示的占空比之间的差的第二直流电压。 选择机构响应第一和第二直流电压以选择用于连续迭代的不同的编码占空比。 系统在每次迭代时选择编码的占空比值,直到第一和第二直流电压相匹配。 此时,当前选择的编码占空比值表示用于其输出的输入电压的占空比。 通过将输入信号的占空比表示为直流电压,系统可以准确地测量输入信号的占空比,而不管其频率如何。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Delay-locked loop which includes a monitor to allow for proper alignment of signals
    • 延迟锁定环路,其包括监视器以允许信号的正确对准
    • US06330296B1
    • 2001-12-11
    • US09097130
    • 1998-06-12
    • Francois Ibrahim AtallahGeorge DinizJames Norris DieffenderferDavid John Seman
    • Francois Ibrahim AtallahGeorge DinizJames Norris DieffenderferDavid John Seman
    • H03D324
    • H03L7/0812H03L7/0891H03L7/10
    • The present invention provides a delay-locked loop (DLL). The DLL comprises a phase-frequency detector (PFD) for receiving a reference signal. The DLL further includes a charge pump which is coupled to the PFD. The DLL also includes a loop filter which is coupled to the charge pump and the PFD. Additionally in the DLL, delay line means is coupled to the charge pump and the loop filter. The delay line means provides a feedback signal to the PFD. The DLL further includes monitor means coupled to the PFD, the charge pump and the loop filter. The monitor means is for detecting when a voltage across the loop filter is at a predetermined level, wherein when the voltage is at the predetermined level the monitor means causes the PFD to enter a pump-down mode until the feedback signal is aligned with the reference signal. An advantage of the present invention is that DLL loop tracking failures based upon a stuck condition are reliably avoided. Specifically, the DLL in accordance with the present invention can reliably recover from the stuck condition in which the adjustable delay is at its lower limit and the PFD asserts the UP control signal. Additionally, the DLL is cost effective and is easily implemented utilizing existing processes.
    • 本发明提供一种延迟锁定环(DLL)。 该DLL包括用于接收参考信号的相位频率检测器(PFD)。 该DLL还包括耦合到PFD的电荷泵。 DLL还包括耦合到电荷泵和PFD的环路滤波器。 另外在DLL中,延迟线装置耦合到电荷泵和环路滤波器。 延迟线装置向PFD提供反馈信号。 DLL还包括耦合到PFD的监视器装置,电荷泵和环路滤波器。 监视器装置用于检测环路滤波器两端的电压何时处于预定电平,其中当电压处于预定电平时,监视装置使PFD进入降压模式,直到反馈信号与参考电压对齐 信号。 本发明的优点是可靠地避免了基于卡住状态的DLL循环跟踪故障。 具体地说,根据本发明的DLL可以可靠地从可调延迟处于其下限的停滞状态恢复,PFD断言UP控制信号。 此外,DLL是具有成本效益的,并且可以利用现有的过程容易地实现。