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1. 发明授权

US07889651B2 Distributed joint admission control and dynamic resource allocation in stream processing networks 失效
公开(公告)号：US07889651B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US11758706
申请日：2007-06-06
申请人： Hanhua Feng , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Hanhua Feng , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： G06F9/5066 , G06F9/5038
摘要： Methods and apparatus operating in a stream processing network perform load shedding and dynamic resource allocation so as to meet a pre-determined utility criterion. Load shedding is envisioned as an admission control problem encompassing source nodes admitting workflows into the stream processing network. A primal-dual approach is used to decompose the admission control and resource allocation problems. The admission control operates as a push-and-pull process with sources pushing workflows into the stream processing network and sinks pulling processed workflows from the network. A virtual queue is maintained at each node to account for both queue backlogs and credits from sinks. Nodes of the stream processing network maintain shadow prices for each of the workflows and share congestion information with neighbor nodes. At each node, resources are devoted to the workflow with the maximum product of downstream pressure and processing rate, where the downstream pressure is defined as the backlog difference between neighbor nodes. The primal-dual controller iteratively adjusts the admission rates and resource allocation using local congestion feedback. The iterative controlling procedure further uses an interior-point method to improve the speed of convergence towards optimal admission and allocation decisions.

2. 发明授权

US07626917B2 Methods and apparatus for cost minimization of multi-tiered infrastructure with end-to-end delay guarantees 失效
标题翻译：使用端到端延迟保证的多层基础设施成本最小化的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US07626917B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-01
申请号：US10865064
申请日：2004-06-10
申请人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： H04J11/00 , G06F9/44 , G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F9/50 , G06F9/5061
摘要： Techniques are provided for determining a capacity allocation in a multi-tiered computing system. In one aspect of the invention, a technique for designing capacity allocation for a multi-tiered computing system, each tier of the computing system having one or more computing devices (e.g., servers), comprises the following steps/operations. Input parameters relating to capacity allocation are obtained. A capacity allocation is computed based on at least a portion of the input parameters, the capacity allocation being computable such that one or more end-to-end performance measures are substantially satisfied for multiple service classes. The capacity allocation computation may minimize a cost function. The capacity allocation computation may also satisfy one or more mean delay guarantees for the multiple service classes, one or more tail distribution guarantees for the multiple service classes, or both one or more mean delay guarantees and one or more tail distribution guarantees for the multiple service classes.
摘要翻译：提供了用于确定多层计算系统中的容量分配的技术。在本发明的一个方面，一种用于设计多层计算系统的容量分配的技术，具有一个或多个计算设备（例如，服务器）的计算系统的每个层包括以下步骤/操作。获得与容量分配有关的输入参数。基于输入参数的至少一部分来计算容量分配，所述容量分配是可计算的，使得对于多个服务类基本上满足一个或多个端到端性能测量。容量分配计算可以最小化成本函数。容量分配计算还可以满足多个服务类别的一个或多个平均延迟保证，多个服务类别的一个或多个尾部分配保证，或一个或多个平均延迟保证以及用于多个服务的一个或多个尾部分配保证课程

3. 发明申请

US20070297332A1 Distributed resource allocation in stream processing systems 审中-公开
标题翻译：流处理系统中的分布式资源分配
公开(公告)号：US20070297332A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-27
申请号：US11472843
申请日：2006-06-22
申请人： James Andrew Broberg , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： James Andrew Broberg , Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： H04J1/16 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04L47/25 , H04L47/30
摘要： A system and method for resource allocation includes, in a network having nodes and links, injecting units of flow for at least one commodity at a source corresponding to the at least one commodity. At each node, queue heights, associated with the at least one commodity, are balanced for queues associated with each of one or more outgoing paths associated with that node. An amount of commodity flow is pushed across a link toward a sink, where the amount of commodity flow is constrained by a capacity constraint. Flow that reached the sink is absorbed by draining the queues.
摘要翻译：用于资源分配的系统和方法包括在具有节点和链路的网络中，在与所述至少一种商品相对应的源处的至少一种商品的注入单元流中。在每个节点处，与至少一个商品相关联的队列高度对于与与该节点相关联的一个或多个输出路径中的每一个相关联的队列进行平衡。商品流的量被推向一个靠近水槽的连接处，其中商品流的量被容量限制所约束。到达水槽的流量通过排空排队而被吸收。

4. 发明申请

US20050114860A1 Method and apparatus for on-demand resource allocation and job management 失效
标题翻译：按需资源分配和作业管理的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050114860A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-26
申请号：US10723230
申请日：2003-11-26
申请人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Charalambos Stavropoulos , Cathy Honghui Xia
发明人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Charalambos Stavropoulos , Cathy Honghui Xia
IPC分类号： G06F9/46 , G06F9/48 , G06F9/50
CPC分类号： G06F9/5038 , G06F9/4887 , G06F2209/5021 , G06F2209/503
摘要： The invention is a method and apparatus for on-demand resource planning for unified messaging services. In one embodiment, multiple clients are served by a single system, and existing system resources are allocated among all clients in a manner that optimizes system output and service provider profit without the need to increase system resources. In one embodiment, resource allocation and job scheduling are guided by individual service level agreements between the service provider and the clients that dictate minimum service levels that must be achieved by the system. Jobs are processed in a manner that at least meets the specified service levels, and the benefit or profit derived by the service provider is maximized by prioritizing incoming job requests within the parameters of the specified service levels while meeting the specified service levels. Thus, operation and hardware costs remain substantially unchanged, while system output and profit are maximized.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于统一消息业务的按需资源规划的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，多个客户端由单个系统服务，并且现有的系统资源以优化系统输出和服务提供者利润而不需要增加系统资源的方式在所有客户端之间分配。在一个实施例中，资源分配和作业调度由服务提供商和客户端之间的各个服务级别协议指导，该协议规定了系统必须实现的最低服务水平。以至少满足指定服务级别的方式对作业进行处理，并且通过在符合指定的服务级别的指定服务级别的参数内优先处理传入的作业请求来最大化服务提供商导出的利益或利润。因此，运营和硬件成本基本保持不变，系统产出和利润最大化。

5. 发明申请

US20050086335A1 Method and apparatus for automatic modeling building using inference for IT systems 有权
标题翻译：使用IT系统推理自动建模建筑的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20050086335A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-21
申请号：US10689807
申请日：2003-10-20
申请人： Zhen Liu , Petar Momcilovic , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Zhen Liu , Petar Momcilovic , Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06Q10/00 , H04L12/24 , H04L12/26
CPC分类号： G06Q10/04
摘要： Method for modeling the performance of an Information Technology system are disclosed. The method includes the steps of receiving performance data of the system; receiving data of transaction flows and system topology; and inferring service demand parameters based on the received data. If closed form expressions are available to characterize the system, an optimization algorithm based on minimum distance between predicted and measured response times and may be used to obtain the performance parameters. Alternatively, a discrete event simulator together with a set of meta-heuristic search methods may be applied to obtain the optimized performance parameters.
摘要翻译：公开了对信息技术系统性能进行建模的方法。该方法包括接收系统的性能数据的步骤; 接收事务流和系统拓扑的数据; 并根据接收的数据推断服务需求参数。如果封闭式表达式可用于表征系统，则基于预测和测量响应时间之间的最小距离的优化算法可用于获得性能参数。或者，可以应用离散事件模拟器以及一组元启发式搜索方法来获得优化的性能参数。

6. 发明授权

US08352607B2 Co-location and offloading of web site traffic based on traffic pattern recognition 失效
标题翻译：基于流量模式识别的网站流量并存和卸载
公开(公告)号：US08352607B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US11952641
申请日：2007-12-07
申请人： Daniel Manuel Dias , Richard Pervin King , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
发明人： Daniel Manuel Dias , Richard Pervin King , Zhen Liu , Mark Steven Squillante , Honghui Xia , Shun-Zheng Yu , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G01R31/08 , G06F7/00
CPC分类号： H04L29/06 , H04L41/142 , H04L43/16 , H04L47/122 , H04L67/1002 , H04L67/1008 , H04L67/101 , H04L67/1012 , H04L67/1021 , H04L67/1023 , H04L67/1029 , H04L67/22 , H04L69/329 , H04L2029/06054
摘要： Identifying traffic patterns to web sites based on templates that characterize the arrival of traffic to the web sites is provided. Based on these templates, determinations are made as to which web sites should be co-located so as to optimize resource allocation. Web sites whose templates are complimentary, i.e. a first web site having a peak in arrival traffic at time t1 and a second web site that has a trough in arrival traffic at time t1, are designated as being candidates for co-location. In addition, the templates identified for the traffic patterns of web sites are used to determine thresholds for offloading traffic to other servers. These thresholds include a first threshold at which offloading should be performed, a second threshold that takes into consideration the lead time needed to begin offloading, and a third threshold that takes into consideration a lag time needed to stop offloading of traffic.
摘要翻译：提供了基于将流量到达网站到达的模板来识别网站的流量模式。基于这些模板，确定哪些网站应该位于同一位置，以优化资源分配。其模板是免费的网站，即在时间t1具有到达业务峰值的第一网站和在时间t1具有到达业务中的波谷的第二网站被指定为用于共同定位的候选。此外，为网站的流量模式标识的模板用于确定将流量卸载到其他服务器的阈值。这些阈值包括应当执行卸载的第一阈值，考虑开始卸载所需的前置时间的第二阈值以及考虑到停止流量卸载所需的滞后时间的第三阈值。

7. 发明授权

US07526765B2 Method and apparatus for on-demand resource allocation and job management 失效
标题翻译：按需资源分配和作业管理的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07526765B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-28
申请号：US10723230
申请日：2003-11-26
申请人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Charalambos Stavropoulos , Cathy Honghui Xia
发明人： Wuqin Lin , Zhen Liu , Charalambos Stavropoulos , Cathy Honghui Xia
IPC分类号： G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/5038 , G06F9/4887 , G06F2209/5021 , G06F2209/503
摘要： The invention is a method and apparatus for on-demand resource planning for unified messaging services. In one embodiment, multiple clients are served by a single system, and existing system resources are allocated among all clients in a manner that optimizes system output and service provider profit without the need to increase system resources. In one embodiment, resource allocation and job scheduling are guided by individual service level agreements between the service provider and the clients that dictate minimum service levels that must be achieved by the system. Jobs are processed in a manner that at least meets the specified service levels, and the benefit or profit derived by the service provider is maximized by prioritizing incoming job requests within the parameters of the specified service levels while meeting the specified service levels. Thus, operation and hardware costs remain substantially unchanged, while system output and profit are maximized.
摘要翻译：本发明是用于统一消息业务的按需资源规划的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，多个客户端由单个系统服务，并且现有的系统资源以优化系统输出和服务提供者利润而不需要增加系统资源的方式在所有客户端之间分配。在一个实施例中，资源分配和作业调度由服务提供商和客户端之间的各个服务级别协议指导，该协议规定了系统必须实现的最低服务水平。以至少满足指定服务级别的方式对作业进行处理，并且通过在符合指定的服务级别的指定服务级别的参数内优先处理传入的作业请求来最大化服务提供商导出的利益或利润。因此，运营和硬件成本基本保持不变，系统产出和利润最大化。

8. 发明申请

US20070168494A1 Method and system for on-line performance modeling using inference for real production it systems 有权
标题翻译：在线性能建模的方法和系统，使用推理实际生产系统
公开(公告)号：US20070168494A1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-19
申请号：US11315692
申请日：2005-12-22
申请人： Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Fan Zhang , Li Zhang
发明人： Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Fan Zhang , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： G06Q10/06 , Y02P90/86
摘要： A system and method for performance modeling for an information technology (IT) system having a server(s) for performing a number of types of transactions includes receiving data for system topology and transaction flows and receiving performance measurement data for the IT system. The measurement data is clustered into multiple regimes based on similarities. Service demand and network delay parameters may be inferred based on clustered data.
摘要翻译：用于具有用于执行多种类型的事务的服务器的信息技术（IT）系统的性能建模的系统和方法包括接收用于系统拓扑和事务流的数据以及接收IT系统的性能测量数据。基于相似度将测量数据聚类成多个体系。服务需求和网络延迟参数可以基于聚类数据来推断。

9. 发明授权

US07194649B2 Clock synchronization for network measurements with clock resets 失效
标题翻译：具有时钟复位的网络测量的时钟同步
公开(公告)号：US07194649B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-20
申请号：US10157610
申请日：2002-05-29
申请人： Zhen Liu , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
发明人： Zhen Liu , Cathy Honghui Xia , Li Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F1/12
CPC分类号： G06F1/10
摘要： Several algorithms are provided to estimate and remove relative clock skews from delay measurements based on the computation of convex hulls. The algorithms are linear in the number of measurement points for the case with no clock resets. For the more challenging case with clock resets, i.e., the clocks are reset to some reference times during the measurement period, linear algorithms are provided to identify the clock resets and derive the best clock skew lines. The algorithms are also extended to environments in which at least one of the clocks is controlled by Network Time Protocol. These algorithms can also be extended for active clock synchronization to replace or further improve Network Time Protocol.
摘要翻译：提供了几种算法来估计和消除基于凸包计算的延迟测量的相对时钟偏差。对于没有时钟复位的情况，算法在测量点的数量上是线性的。对于具有时钟复位的更具挑战性的情况，即在测量周期期间将时钟重置为某些参考时间，提供线性算法以识别时钟复位并导出最佳时钟偏斜线。这些算法还扩展到其中至少一个时钟由网络时间协议控制的环境。这些算法也可以被扩展以用于主动时钟同步来替代或进一步改进网络时间协议。

10. 发明授权

US08037023B2 System and apparatus for optimally trading off the replication overhead and consistency level in distributed applications 失效
标题翻译：用于最佳地折中分布式应用程序中的复制开销和一致性级别的系统和设备
公开(公告)号：US08037023B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-11
申请号：US12135489
申请日：2008-06-09
申请人： Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Hao Yang , Fan Ye
发明人： Zhen Liu , Honghui Xia , Hao Yang , Fan Ye
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30578 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99955
摘要： Methods and systems are provided for optimally trading off replication overhead and consistency levels in distributed data replication where nodes are organized in a hierarchy. The root node has the original data that need to be replicated at all other nodes, and the replicated copies have a freshness threshold that must be satisfied. The data are propagated through periodic updates in the hierarchy. Each node periodically sends data to its child nodes. Given the freshness threshold, an algorithm and its distributed protocol can determine the optimal update period for each link of the hierarchy such that the freshness threshold is satisfied for every node and the overall replication overhead is minimized. The systems and methods can be used in any scenario where replicated data have consistency requirements, such as in a replicate overlay assisted resource discovery system.
摘要翻译：提供了方法和系统，用于最佳地折中分布式数据复制中的复制开销和一致性级别，其中节点被组织在层次结构中。根节点具有需要在所有其他节点进行复制的原始数据，并且复制副本具有必须满足的新鲜度阈值。数据通过层次结构中的定期更新进行传播。每个节点周期性地向其子节点发送数据。给定新鲜度阈值，算法及其分布式协议可以确定层次结构的每个链路的最佳更新周期，使得每个节点满足新鲜度阈值，并将整体复制开销最小化。系统和方法可以在复制数据具有一致性要求的任何情况下使用，例如在复制覆盖辅助资源发现系统中。

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