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1. 发明授权

US10186337B2 Compact radioisotope generator 有权
公开(公告)号：US10186337B2
公开(公告)日：2019-01-22
申请号：US12887933
申请日：2010-09-22
申请人： James J. Hamill , Stefan B. Siegel , Charles Russell Buchanan
发明人： James J. Hamill , Stefan B. Siegel , Charles Russell Buchanan
IPC分类号： G21G1/06 , G21G1/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for making a radioisotope and a composition of matter including the radioisotope. The radioisotope is made by exposing a material to neutrons from a portable neutron source. More specifically, a solution includes a particular isotope. The neutron source is completely surrounded by the solution. The solution is exposed to the neutrons. Generated radioisotopes are extracted from the solution.

2. 发明授权

US08933409B2 Depth-of-interaction in an imaging device 有权
标题翻译：成像装置中的深度相互作用
公开(公告)号：US08933409B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US13549638
申请日：2012-07-16
申请人： Stefan B. Siegel , Robert A. Mintzer
发明人： Stefan B. Siegel , Robert A. Mintzer
IPC分类号： G01T1/29
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , A61B6/037
摘要： A method (70) of operation of a PET scanner (10) that determines the depth of interaction of the annihilation photons within the scintillator (32) in localizing a temporal photon pair along a line of response (LOR).
摘要翻译： PET扫描器（10）的操作方法（70），其确定沿着响应线（LOR）定位时间光子对的闪烁体（32）内的湮灭光子的相互作用的深度。

3. 发明申请

US20140029715A1 Integrated Digital Discriminator For a Silicon Photomultiplier 有权
标题翻译：硅光电倍增管的集成数字鉴相器
公开(公告)号：US20140029715A1
公开(公告)日：2014-01-30
申请号：US13556331
申请日：2012-07-24
申请人： Peter Hansen , Michael E. Casey , Stefan B. Siegel
发明人： Peter Hansen , Michael E. Casey , Stefan B. Siegel
IPC分类号： G06M15/00 , H01J40/00
CPC分类号： G01J1/44 , G01T1/248 , G01T1/2985 , H03K3/037 , H03K5/135 , H03K2005/00078
摘要： Apparatuses and methods are provided that minimize the effects of dark-current pulses. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, a method is provided where a first pixel is struck (i.e., a primary pixel). Pixels struck within a fixed time frame after the primary pixel is struck are referred to as secondary pixels. After a short fixed time frame has expired, the number of primary and secondary pixels is added. If the count exceeds a threshold, the primary pixel was activated by the first (or early) photon from a true gamma event. If the threshold is not met then it is likely the primary pixel generated a dark pulse that should be ignored.
摘要翻译：提供了使暗电流脉冲的影响最小化的装置和方法。例如，在本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种方法，其中第一像素被撞击（即，主像素）。在主要像素被击打之后的固定时间帧内撞击的像素被称为次要像素。在短的固定时间段到期后，添加主要和次要像素的数量。如果计数超过阈值，则主像素由来自真实伽马事件的第一（或早）光子激活。如果阈值不满足，则主要像素可能产生应忽略的暗脉冲。

4. 发明申请

US20110272587A1 Increasing Edge Sensitivity in a Radiation Detector 有权
标题翻译：增加辐射检测器的边缘灵敏度
公开(公告)号：US20110272587A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-10
申请号：US13101367
申请日：2011-05-05
申请人： Stefan B. Siegel , Dongming Hu
发明人： Stefan B. Siegel , Dongming Hu
IPC分类号： G01T1/20 , G01T1/164
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/2985
摘要： An apparatus and method to increase the sensitivity at the edge of radiation detector blocks is disclosed herein. Reduced sensitivity can result from photons entering a first detector block, escaping, and scattering into an adjacent detector, thereby depositing energy into two detectors blocks. Energy lost into adjacent detector blocks can be compensated with energy detected in the adjacent detector block. This can be done, for example, by processing channels from multiple detector blocks with one Field Programmable Gated Array (FPGA) on one Event Process Module (EPM) board. This can enable summing energy of one detector block with energy from an adjacent detector block when the initial interaction occurs at the edge of the first detector block. This can result in a better estimate of the amount of energy associated with the initial photon being detected.
摘要翻译：本文公开了增加辐射检测器块边缘处的灵敏度的装置和方法。光子的灵敏度降低可能会由光子进入第一个检测器块，逃逸和散射到相邻的检测器中，从而将能量沉积到两个检测器块中。能够通过在相邻检测器块中检测到的能量来补偿相邻检测器块中的能量损失。这可以通过例如在一个事件处理模块（EPM）板上用一个现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）处理来自多个检测器块的通道来实现。当初始相互作用发生在第一检测器块的边缘时，这可以使来自相邻检测器块的能量与一个检测器块的能量相加。这可以导致与正在检测的初始光子相关联的能量的更好的估计。

5. 发明申请

US20090074281A1 Method for Energy Calculation and Pileup Determination for Continuously Sampled Nuclear Pulse Processing 有权
标题翻译：用于连续采样核脉冲处理的能量计算和堆积测定方法
公开(公告)号：US20090074281A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-19
申请号：US12210464
申请日：2008-09-15
申请人： Aaron McFarland , Stefan B. Siegel , Danny F. Newport , Robert A. Mintzer
发明人： Aaron McFarland , Stefan B. Siegel , Danny F. Newport , Robert A. Mintzer
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/5235 , A61B2503/40 , G01T1/1644
摘要： A method for processing events in a medical imaging device may comprise the steps of receiving analog signals from at least one PMT into an Applied Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) comprising a Constant Fraction Discriminator (CFD) and transmitting analog outputs from the ASIC. Further, sampling the analog outputs continuously using an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and transmitting digital outputs; and collecting a number of samples of the digital output during a sampling period using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) when triggered by the CFD. The method may additionally determine the energy of the analog signals from the at lease one PMT by subtracting the peak value of each signal from the baseline value of each signal, wherein the peak value is determined as an average of at least one sample taken only around the peak during the sampling period, and the baseline value is determined as an average of at least one sample taken only around the beginning or end of the sampling period.
摘要翻译：用于在医疗成像设备中处理事件的方法可以包括以下步骤：从至少一个PMT接收模拟信号到包括恒定分数鉴别器（CFD）并且从ASIC传输模拟输出的应用专用集成电路（ASIC）。此外，使用模数转换器（ADC）连续采样模拟输出并传输数字输出; 以及当由CFD触发时，使用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）在采样周期期间收集数字输出的多个样本。该方法可以通过从每个信号的基线值减去每个信号的峰值来另外确定来自至少一个PMT的模拟信号的能量，其中该峰值被确定为仅在周围采集的至少一个采样的平均值在采样期间的峰值，并且基线值被确定为仅在采样周期的开始或结束周围取得的至少一个采样的平均值。

6. 发明申请

US20120069946A1 Compact Radioisotope Generator 审中-公开
标题翻译：紧凑型放射性同位素发生器
公开(公告)号：US20120069946A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-22
申请号：US12887933
申请日：2010-09-22
申请人： James J. Hamill , Stefan B. Siegel , Charles Russell Buchanan
发明人： James J. Hamill , Stefan B. Siegel , Charles Russell Buchanan
IPC分类号： G21G1/06
CPC分类号： G21G1/06 , G21G2001/0094
摘要： Disclosed are a method and apparatus for making a radioisotope and a composition of matter including the radioisotope. The radioisotope is made by exposing a material to neutrons from a portable neutron source.
摘要翻译：公开了制备放射性同位素的方法和装置以及包括放射性同位素的物质组成。放射性同位素是通过将材料从便携式中子源暴露于中子而制成的。

7. 发明授权

US5719400A High resolution detector array for gamma-ray imaging 失效
标题翻译：用于伽马射线成像的高分辨率检测器阵列
公开(公告)号：US5719400A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-17
申请号：US512175
申请日：1995-08-07
申请人： Simon R. Cherry , Yiping Shao , Stefan B. Siegel , Robert W. Silverman
发明人： Simon R. Cherry , Yiping Shao , Stefan B. Siegel , Robert W. Silverman
IPC分类号： G01T1/202 , G01T1/208 , G01T1/29 , G01T1/166
CPC分类号： G01T1/208 , G01T1/202 , G01T1/2985
摘要： A gamma ray detection and locating system comprising an array of scintillator crystals connected to a multichannel photomultiplier tube by discrete optical fibers, each fiber connecting a single crystal to a corresponding specific location on the face of the photomultiplier tube. Also described is an improved system for identifying the location of specific electrodes in the photomultiplier tube receiving electrons generated by photons flowing from the crystal along the fiber to the tube.
摘要翻译：一种伽马射线检测和定位系统，包括通过离散光纤连接到多通道光电倍增管的闪烁体晶体阵列，每个光纤将单晶连接到光电倍增管的表面上的对应的特定位置。还描述了一种改进的系统，用于识别光电倍增管中的特定电极的位置，其接收由晶体沿着光纤流向管的光子产生的电子。

8. 发明申请

US20130020487A1 Depth-of-Interaction in an Imaging Device 有权
标题翻译：成像装置中的深度相互作用
公开(公告)号：US20130020487A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-24
申请号：US13549638
申请日：2012-07-16
申请人： Stefan B. Siegel , Robert A. Mintzer
发明人： Stefan B. Siegel , Robert A. Mintzer
IPC分类号： G01T1/164
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , A61B6/037
摘要： A method (70) of operation of a PET scanner (10) that determines the depth of interaction of the annihilation photons within the scintillator (32) in localizing a temporal photon pair along a line of response (LOR).
摘要翻译： PET扫描器（10）的操作方法（70），其确定沿着响应线（LOR）定位时间光子对的闪烁体（32）内的湮灭光子的相互作用的深度。

9. 发明授权

US09217795B2 Integrated digital discriminator for a silicon photomultiplier 有权
标题翻译：用于硅光电倍增管的集成数字鉴别器
公开(公告)号：US09217795B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-22
申请号：US13556331
申请日：2012-07-24
申请人： Peter Hansen , Michael E. Casey , Stefan B. Siegel
发明人： Peter Hansen , Michael E. Casey , Stefan B. Siegel
IPC分类号： G01F15/06 , G01T1/24
CPC分类号： G01J1/44 , G01T1/248 , G01T1/2985 , H03K3/037 , H03K5/135 , H03K2005/00078
摘要： Apparatuses and methods are provided that minimize the effects of dark-current pulses. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, a method is provided where a first pixel is struck (i.e., a primary pixel). Pixels struck within a fixed time frame after the primary pixel is struck are referred to as secondary pixels. After a short fixed time frame has expired, the number of primary and secondary pixels is added. If the count exceeds a threshold, the primary pixel was activated by the first (or early) photon from a true gamma event. If the threshold is not met then it is likely the primary pixel generated a dark pulse that should be ignored.
摘要翻译：提供了使暗电流脉冲的影响最小化的装置和方法。例如，在本发明的一个实施例中，提供了一种方法，其中第一像素被撞击（即，主像素）。在主要像素被击打之后的固定时间帧内撞击的像素被称为次要像素。在短的固定时间段到期后，添加主要和次要像素的数量。如果计数超过阈值，则主像素由来自真实伽马事件的第一（或早）光子激活。如果阈值不满足，则主要像素可能产生应忽略的暗脉冲。

10. 发明授权

US08340377B2 Method for energy calculation and pileup determination for continuously sampled nuclear pulse processing 有权
标题翻译：连续采样核脉冲处理能量计算和堆积确定方法
公开(公告)号：US08340377B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-25
申请号：US12210464
申请日：2008-09-15
申请人： Aaron McFarland , Stefan B. Siegel , Danny F. Newport , Robert A. Mintzer
发明人： Aaron McFarland , Stefan B. Siegel , Danny F. Newport , Robert A. Mintzer
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/5235 , A61B2503/40 , G01T1/1644
摘要： A method for processing events in a medical imaging device may comprise the steps of receiving analog signals from at least one PMT into an Applied Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) comprising a Constant Fraction Discriminator (CFD) and transmitting analog outputs from the ASIC. Further, sampling the analog outputs continuously using an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) and transmitting digital outputs; and collecting a number of samples of the digital output during a sampling period using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) when triggered by the CFD. The method may additionally determine the energy of the analog signals from the at lease one PMT by subtracting the peak value of each signal from the baseline value of each signal, wherein the peak value is determined as an average of at least one sample taken only around the peak during the sampling period, and the baseline value is determined as an average of at least one sample taken only around the beginning or end of the sampling period.
摘要翻译：用于在医疗成像设备中处理事件的方法可以包括以下步骤：从至少一个PMT接收模拟信号到包括恒定分数鉴别器（CFD）并且从ASIC传输模拟输出的应用专用集成电路（ASIC）。此外，使用模数转换器（ADC）连续采样模拟输出并传输数字输出; 以及当由CFD触发时，使用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）在采样周期期间收集数字输出的多个样本。该方法可以通过从每个信号的基线值减去每个信号的峰值来另外确定来自至少一个PMT的模拟信号的能量，其中该峰值被确定为仅在周围采集的至少一个采样的平均值在采样期间的峰值，并且基线值被确定为仅在采样周期的开始或结束周围取得的至少一个采样的平均值。

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